WO2023001543A1 - Dispositif et procédé d'attribution d'une connexion de phase d'un dispositif électrique à un conducteur de phase connecté à ce dernier - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé d'attribution d'une connexion de phase d'un dispositif électrique à un conducteur de phase connecté à ce dernier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023001543A1
WO2023001543A1 PCT/EP2022/068572 EP2022068572W WO2023001543A1 WO 2023001543 A1 WO2023001543 A1 WO 2023001543A1 EP 2022068572 W EP2022068572 W EP 2022068572W WO 2023001543 A1 WO2023001543 A1 WO 2023001543A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
phase
connection
conductor
voltage
devices
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PCT/EP2022/068572
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thorsten Buelo
Rickard NEMETH
Mathias Buenemann
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Sma Solar Technology Ag
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Publication of WO2023001543A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023001543A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
    • G01R31/67—Testing the correctness of wire connections in electric apparatus or circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
    • G01R29/18—Indicating phase sequence; Indicating synchronism

Definitions

  • the application relates to a method for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection of an electrical device to one of several phase conductors of a multi-phase AC voltage network, which is connected to the at least one phase connection.
  • the method is also suitable for identifying an assignment of a plurality of phase connections of an electrical device to the respective phase conductors of a multi-phase AC voltage network connected thereto.
  • the application also relates to a device set up for carrying out the method.
  • a consumer unit e.g. a building or a factory, can contain a large number of electrical devices that are connected to a locally limited area of the power supply network (hereinafter also referred to as the electrical distribution network), which in turn is connected to the rest of the power supply network via a network connection point.
  • the electrical distribution network a locally limited area of the power supply network
  • a power flow within the electrical distribution network, as well as within the power supply network it is generally desirable for a power flow within the electrical distribution network, as well as within the power supply network, to be divided as evenly as possible between the multiple phase conductors.
  • this is achieved in that single-phase devices are distributed as evenly as possible to the available phase conductors when they are first connected to the electrical distribution network in relation to the total power of the devices.
  • information about which of the single-phase devices is connected to a common phase conductor is also desirable are.
  • knowledge is desired as to which of the phase terminals of the devices are each connected to the same one of the phase conductors. This applies in particular if the multi-phase devices are to be deliberately operated under a predefined unbalanced load.
  • phase conductors of the electrical distribution network can be marked with different colors to distinguish them, the use of the correct colored marking is not always guaranteed, for example because a phase conductor with the correct color is not available when wiring the consumer unit and instead a phase conductor with a different but available color scheme is used. A method for reliably identifying an assignment of phase connections to phase conductors of a power supply network is therefore required.
  • Document EP 2204658 A1 discloses a multi-phase electric power distribution network with a substation, a signal generator and a signal discriminator.
  • a different signal is provided via the signal generator on each of a plurality of phases leaving the substation.
  • the signal discriminator is used to detect each of the different signals at a consumer of electrical energy. By providing the different signal on each of the phases, their identification can be guaranteed. However, this requires a separate signal generator.
  • the document WO 2020/064169 A1 describes a method for identifying an assignment of phase lines of an electrical distribution network to connections of an electrical device capable of handling unbalanced loads, which is connected to a plurality of phase lines of the electrical distribution network.
  • setpoint parameters assigned to an unbalanced load profile are set at the connections of the electrical device.
  • a measurement parameter, in particular in the form of a time profile, is detected on each of the phase lines.
  • the detected measurement parameters are compared with the target parameters of the unbalanced load profile.
  • the assignment of the phase lines to the respective connections of the device is then identified on the basis of the comparison.
  • an electrical device capable of skewing loads is required.
  • the method cannot be used for multi-phase devices that cannot be operated with an off-balance load capability.
  • Document US 2014/0167735 A1 discloses a method for determining a phase conductor with which electrical power is supplied to a node of a network. In doing so, a voltage variation of the electrical power supplied to a subset of nodes is identified, the subset of nodes being associated with a known phase conductor. Furthermore, a variation in the voltage of the electrical power received by a particular node is identified. The phase conductor associated with the particular node is determined by correlating the identified voltage variation in electrical power supplied to the subset of nodes associated with the known phase conductor with the identified voltage variation in electrical power that is received from the particular node.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection of an electrical device to one of several phase conductors of a multi-phase AC voltage network, which is connected to the at least one phase connection.
  • a method for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection of an electrical device to one of several phase conductors of a multi-phase AC voltage network which is connected to the at least one phase connection.
  • the method should be as simple and inexpensive to implement as possible. Carrying out the method should neither require a separate signal generator nor an electrical device capable of skewing loads.
  • the method should also be able to be used when not all devices are multi-phase, but rather individual devices of the group are only single-phase. It is also the object of the invention to specify a device suitable for carrying out the method.
  • the object of specifying a method of the type mentioned at the outset is solved by a method having the features of independent claim 1 .
  • the task of specifying a device for carrying out the method is achieved by a Object with the features of independent claim 12 solved.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the method are specified in claims 2 to 11, advantageous embodiments of the device are specified in claims 13 to 17.
  • a method for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection of an electrical device to one of several phase conductors of an electrical distribution network to which the device, in particular the at least one phase connection of the device, is connected has the following steps:
  • the conductor voltages have voltage fluctuations that can be distinguished from one another in relation to one another, even if the line voltages cannot be changed by the device itself or by a separate signal generator,
  • Identification of the assignment of the at least one phase connection to the phase conductor connected to it by determining that combination between the phase connection and one of the phase conductors in which the deviation between the time profile of the connection voltage detected at the phase connection and the time profile of the conductor voltage detected at the respective phase conductor Tension related to the property of time courses is minimal.
  • the invention uses the effect that when a phase conductor of the electrical distribution network is connected to a phase connection of the electrical device, voltage fluctuations on this phase conductor, i.e. fluctuations in the conductor voltage, in at least a similar form and expression Voltage fluctuations, i.e. fluctuations in the connection voltage, can be found at the associated phase connection.
  • voltage fluctuations i.e. fluctuations in the connection voltage
  • the phase voltages relative to one another also exhibit voltage fluctuations that can be distinguished from one another if a change in one or more of the phase voltages caused by the device itself or by a separate signal generator is ruled out or does not exist.
  • the voltage fluctuations are in fact already existing voltage fluctuations z. B.
  • the voltage fluctuations are not explicitly applied to the phase conductors for the purpose of making the phase conductors distinguishable from one another. Rather, they are already present in normal operation on the phase conductors in a more or less distinguishable form.
  • the method enables one or more phase connections of devices to be assigned to the respectively connected phase conductor of the distribution network without necessarily marking the conductor voltages and/or the connection voltages in an identifiable manner using the device itself or using a separate signal generator and/or or have to change.
  • the phase conductors and thus also the phase connections connected thereto can already be distinguished from one another without an additional marking applied merely for the purpose of distinguishability.
  • the property of the time curves can be the detected voltages themselves.
  • the property can be, for example, effective values of the AC voltages present on the phase conductors, which can optionally also be averaged over small periods of time within the respective time curves.
  • a property can also include that the respective course of time runs through a calculation algorithm beforehand and the result of the calculation algorithm represents the property.
  • a change over time in the respectively detected voltages or the corresponding effective values can also be compared with one another.
  • the device can be a device which is designed to generate a unidirectional flow of power from the distribution network in the direction of the device during operation, ie to operate as an energy consumer with regard to the distribution network.
  • the device can be connected to an energy sink or comprise one.
  • the device can be designed to generate a unidirectional flow of power from the device in the direction of the distribution network during operation, ie to operate as an energy generator in relation to the distribution network.
  • the device can be connected to a power source or can comprise a power source.
  • the device is designed to generate a bidirectional power flow between the distribution network and the device during its operation. In this case, the device can therefore operate as an energy consumer in relation to the distribution network in one period and as an energy producer in another period.
  • the device can be connected to an energy store or contain one.
  • the method offers the advantage that it is not necessary for the device itself or a separate signal generator to modify the line voltages and/or the terminal voltages in a characteristic manner in order to make them distinguishable. On the contrary, this can be omitted since the voltage fluctuations of the phase conductors that are present anyway are sufficiently distinguishable and can be used as markers for the corresponding phase conductor and the phase connection connected to it—or in the case of several devices: the phase connections connected to it.
  • a voltage fluctuation (several voltage fluctuations) is detected in the electrical distribution network, which is at least largely unknown (unknown) in particular in its form and/or in its amplitude before its measurement (before the respective measurements). Rather, the voltage fluctuation only becomes known through its measurement (the voltage fluctuations only become known through their respective measurements).
  • a predefined voltage fluctuation is impressed on a phase conductor (in which predefined voltage fluctuations are impressed on several phase conductors), the shape and/or amplitude of which is already known before it is measured (already before it is measured). respective measurements), in particular even before they are imprinted (before their respective imprints) is at least largely known (are at least largely known).
  • the method offers the advantage that the assignment of a phase conductor to a phase connection can be determined based on a voltage fluctuation that is present in the electrical distribution network anyway.
  • the voltage fluctuations that are present anyway arise as a result of the normal operation of a total of energy consumers, energy producers and/or energy stores that are connected to the different phase conductors of the distribution network and/or the energy supply network connected thereto.
  • the voltage fluctuations that are already present on the phase conductors usually do not otherwise receive any special attention, but are often even undesirable, but cannot be completely avoided.
  • use is now made of the fact that the voltage fluctuation, which is present anyway, is usually different from phase conductor to phase conductor and, as a result, forms a characteristic marking of each phase conductor.
  • the phase conductors can therefore be distinguished from one another via the individually different voltage fluctuations.
  • the voltage fluctuations that are present anyway are also transmitted in their respective form to the phase connections of the device connected to the phase conductors or to the phase connection of the device connected to one of the phase conductors.
  • the method now detects the voltage fluctuations of the phase conductors by detecting the time profiles of the conductor voltages and the voltage fluctuations of the phase connection or phase connections by detecting the time profiles of the connection voltage or the connection voltages. By comparing the time curve of the connection voltage or one of the connection voltages with the time curves of all existing conductor voltages, that combination of phase connection and phase conductor can then be determined in which the
  • Voltage fluctuations are quantified for each combination of phase connection and phase conductor by a deviation between the time history of the connection voltage detected at the phase connection and the time history of the conductor voltage detected at the respective phase conductor in relation to a Property of the time courses is determined quantitatively.
  • the combination with the best correspondence between the voltage fluctuations is that combination of phase conductor and phase connection whose deviation in relation to the property of the time curves is minimal.
  • the method can be carried out more cheaply and efficiently and the associated device can be designed less complex.
  • the method can also be used when the electrical device assigned to the phase connections is not able to carry a load at an angle.
  • the electrical device has one, in particular exactly one, phase connection and a neutral conductor connection.
  • the method thus makes it possible to determine to which phase conductor of the multi-phase distribution network the phase connection of the device is connected.
  • the electrical device has at least two phase connections, in particular three phase connections.
  • the device can also have a neutral conductor connection, but this is not absolutely necessary.
  • the detection of the time profile of the connection voltage (ÜR(t), Us(t), Ur(t)) and the comparison of the voltage fluctuation at one of the phase connections of the device with those of each phase conductor is carried out in this embodiment of the method for all phase connections of the electrical device carried out.
  • the method can be used to determine to which phase conductor each of the phase terminals of the device is connected.
  • the neutral conductor connection is present on the electrical device in particular if the device is designed as a device capable of skewing loads.
  • the electrical device is designed as a device that cannot be loaded at an angle, it is possible that the device does not have a neutral conductor connection, or that a neutral conductor connection is present but is not energized during operation of the device, but for example serves as a reference potential for voltage measurements.
  • the electrical device is part of a group with a plurality of electrical devices that are connected together to the electrical distribution network and are connected to an optionally higher-level power supply network via a common network connection point.
  • the method is performed for each device in the group. The method thus makes it possible to determine to which phase conductor each of the phase connections of each device in the group is connected. This embodiment of the method can also be used to determine which phase connection of each device within the group is connected to the same one of the phase conductors.
  • a device in the group with a number of phase connections that corresponds to the number of phase conductors in the electrical distribution network is determined as the reference device, and the time profile of the conductor voltages on each of the phase conductors in the electrical distribution network is detected by the reference device.
  • the assignment of the phase connections currently present on the reference device to the phase conductors respectively connected to them can be defined as a reference.
  • phase conductor that is currently connected to the phase connection R of the device also corresponds to the phase conductor L1, at least while the method is being carried out, regardless of whether it is actually the phase conductor L1 or not.
  • phase connection S and the phase conductor connected to it which then corresponds to the phase conductor L2 at least during the process, and also to the phase connection T and the phase conductor currently connected to it, which then represents the phase conductor L3 at least during the process.
  • phase connection or the phase connections to the phase conductor connected thereto or to the phase conductors respectively connected thereto relative to the assignment defined on the reference device is identified. This is possible because it is often sufficient to determine which phase connections of all devices within a group are each connected to the same phase conductor, regardless of whether the phase conductor is actually a specific one of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 or Not.
  • the above also applies analogously to an arrangement with a different number of phase conductors, for example for an arrangement with two or more than three phase conductors.
  • the time profile of the phase conductor voltages on each of the phase conductors can also be detected using a large number of single-phase devices in a group.
  • the group can include a large number of devices that have one, in particular precisely one, phase connection and one neutral conductor connection, with the phase connections of the single-phase devices each being connected to different phase conductors in such a way that each phase conductor is connected to at least one phase connection.
  • the detection of the time profiles of all connection voltages of the single-phase devices of the group also represents the detection of the time profiles of the conductor voltages on each of the phase conductors of the electrical distribution network.
  • the time profile of the conductor voltage on each of the phase conductors is detected here by the large number of single-phase devices.
  • the identification of the assignment of the phase connection of the devices to the phase conductor connected to it, if necessary also the assignment of the single-phase devices to each other, which are connected to each other via the same phase conductor, can be done by clustering the devices among themselves, with the clustering depending on the is determined for each combination of two devices of the plurality of calculated deviations. This shows, for example, that devices whose phase connections are connected to one another via the same phase conductor exhibit a particularly small deviation. These deviations are particularly small compared to the deviations of those devices whose phase connections are connected to different phase conductors.
  • the time profile of the conductor voltage on the phase conductors of the electrical distribution network, in particular on each of the phase conductors of the electrical distribution network, and/or the time profile of the connection voltage on the phase connections of the electrical device, in particular on each of the phase connections of the electrical device can be carried out via several separately available measuring units that are electrically connected to the distribution network or to the phase connections.
  • the time profile of the conductor voltage on the phase conductors of the electrical distribution network, in particular each of the phase conductors of the electrical distribution network, and/or the time profile of the connection voltage on the phase connections of the electrical device, in particular on each of the phase connections is detected of the electrical device, but carried out via a measuring unit present in the electrical device.
  • the corresponding electrical device already includes a corresponding measuring unit for its normal operation, which can then be used as a measuring unit for detecting the voltage curves of the connection voltages.
  • the reference device mentioned above can contain both the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit. It is possible that the reference device contains the hardware of only one measuring unit, but this hardware represents both the first measuring unit and the second measuring unit. This results from the fact that the assignment of the phase conductors with the associated phase connections can be defined for the reference device.
  • the deviation in relation to the property of the time courses between the time course of the terminal voltage at each of the phase terminals and the phase voltage at each of the phase conductors is quantitatively determined by means of a calculation of least square sums.
  • the calculation of the least squares sums can e.g. B. using the root mean square method.
  • the property of the time curves can be the detected voltage values per se.
  • the property can also include an amplitude or an effective value of the respective voltage present as an alternating voltage.
  • a property can also include that the passage of time previously calculation algorithm and the result of the calculation algorithm represents the property. It is then also possible for a change over time in the respectively detected voltages to be compared with one another.
  • the property with respect to which the quantitative determination of the deviation between the time curves takes place can include a change in the terminal voltages and the conductor voltages over time. When changing over time, it can be z. B. be the gradient of the detected time curves of the voltages. Other properties of the time curves of the recorded voltages can also be used for the method. It is also possible to use generic machine learning methods for the method.
  • the properties for the feature extraction, which are used for the method can be integrated into the algorithm, for example when training an artificial neural network (ANN) or the like.
  • ANN artificial neural network
  • a mean value over the time changes in the line voltages and/or an average over the time changes in the connection voltages can also be taken into account in the quantitative determination of the deviation.
  • the mean value preferably corresponds to the arithmetic mean value of the change over time in the three conductor voltages and/or the three connection voltages.
  • the consideration of the mean value can e.g. This can be done, for example, by subtracting the mean value of the change over time in the three connection voltages of a three-phase device and the mean value of the change in the connection voltages of the reference device over time in the case of single-phase devices - this then corresponds to the mean value of the change over time in the conductor Voltages - is subtracted from the phase under test.
  • values of the connection voltages and/or values of the line voltages are communicated to a server and evaluated by an evaluation unit in the server. Functions and data can be made available on the server, which a user can access via a portal.
  • Such a device for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection of an electrical device to one of several phase conductors of an electrical distribution network has the following: a first measuring unit for detecting a time profile of a conductor voltage on each of the phase conductors of the electrical distribution network, a second measuring unit for detecting a Time profile of a connection voltage at one or more of the phase connections of the electrical device, an evaluation unit for comparing the time profile of the connection voltage at one or more of the phase connections of the device with those time profiles that are assigned to the conductor voltages of the phase conductors, and for identifying an assignment of the one phase connection or each of the phase connections to the phase conductor respectively connected thereto as a function of the comparison.
  • the first measuring unit can be designed as a measuring unit that is independent of the devices. Specifically, the first measuring unit can be designed as a separate measuring unit. This can e.g. B. be advantageous if the designation of the phase conductors, whose voltage fluctuations are measured by the first measuring unit, is specified, is to be retained and is to serve as a reference value for the phase connections of the devices. As an alternative to this, however, the first measuring unit can also be a component of one of the devices, in particular the reference device.
  • the device has a group with two or more electrical devices, each of which is assigned a second measuring unit are connected to the electrical distribution grid and connected to the power supply grid via a common grid connection point.
  • the first measuring unit is preferably part of a first device in the group and/or the second measuring units are each part of an electrical device in the group.
  • the first device can be designed as a multi-phase device and have a number of phase connections that corresponds to the number of phase conductors present in the distribution network. In this case, the first device can serve as the reference device of the group.
  • an electrical device In one embodiment of the device, an electrical device, several electrical devices and/or all electrical devices are connected to one another, to the evaluation unit and/or to a server in terms of data technology, ie for communication in particular via the Internet. Functions and data can be made available on the server, which a user can access via a portal.
  • the evaluation unit can be part of one or more of the devices or part of the server.
  • the method and the device can be used to determine to which phase conductor a phase connection of a device is actually connected.
  • the method can also be used to limit unbalanced loads and/or provide overload protection.
  • the method can also support balancing measures that are carried out by an operator of the power supply network.
  • a further application of the method can be used to separate or also to allocate installations that are geographically or network topologically remote. For example, by comparing the voltage fluctuations in the conductor voltages of two systems or their different distribution networks, the method can identify whether the two systems or their distribution networks are electrically “close” to one another or “distant” from one another. In concrete terms, a deviation in the line voltages of the two distribution grids can be measured quantitatively to be determined. When determining the distance between the two installations, the effect is then exploited that the geographic or network topological distance between the two installations usually increases with increasing deviation of the conductor voltages from one another. In other words, the quantitative deviation determined in this way can be viewed as a measure of the geographic or network topological distance between the two systems.
  • 1a schematically shows a first embodiment of a device for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection to one of a plurality of phase conductors
  • 1b schematically shows a second embodiment of a device for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection to one of a plurality of phase conductors
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a third embodiment of a device for identifying an assignment of at least one phase connection to one of a plurality of phase conductors
  • FIG. 3a shows exemplary time curves of connection voltages
  • FIG. 3b exemplary time curves of connection voltages
  • 3c shows exemplary time characteristics of terminal voltages
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of a method for identifying an assignment of each of the phase connections of a number of devices to one of a number of phase conductors.
  • FIG. 1a A first embodiment of a device 1 for identifying an assignment of a phase connection R of an electrical device 2e to one of a plurality of phase conductors L1, L2, L3 of an electrical distribution network 22 is shown schematically in FIG. 1a.
  • the electrical device 2e is designed as a single-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverter and has the phase connection R and a neutral conductor connection NG on an AC side. On a DC side, the device 2e is connected to a photovoltaic (PV) generator 4 as a power source.
  • PV photovoltaic
  • the electrical distribution network 22 has the phase conductors L1 , L2 , L3 and a neutral conductor N and is connected to a higher-level energy supply network 20 via a network connection point 21 .
  • the energy supply network 20 is usually a multi-phase AC voltage network, which is shown in FIG. 1a as an example as a three-phase AC voltage network.
  • the network connection point 21 is a connection point between the energy supply network 20 of an energy supply company and the lines of the locally limited electrical distribution network 22, which z. B. can be assigned to a building, a commercial enterprise or a factory.
  • the network connection point 21 can have additional components that are not shown explicitly in FIG. For example, it may include electrical fuses to prevent an overcurrent condition or a transformer designed to transform an AC voltage present within the power grid 20 into an AC voltage within the distribution grid 22 .
  • the device 1 has a first measuring unit 12 for detecting a time profile of conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) on the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 of the electrical distribution network 22.
  • the device 1 also has a second measuring unit 13 for detecting a time profile of the connection voltage ÜR(t) at the phase connection R of the electrical device 2e.
  • the device 1 also has an evaluation unit 11, which is connected to the measuring units 12, 13 via a data connection 14—illustrated as a dashed line in FIG. 1a—for control and/or communication.
  • the evaluation unit 11 is set up to compare the time curve of the connection voltage ÜR(t) at the phase connection R of the device 2e with the time curves that correspond to the conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), UL3(t) of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 are assigned. The evaluation unit 11 is further set up, depending on this comparison, to identify the connection of the phase connection R of device 2e to the phase conductor L1, L2, L3 currently connected to it—in FIG. 1a, for example, the phase conductor L3.
  • the first measuring unit 12 is illustrated as a separate measuring unit. This is advantageous if the designation of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3, which are measured directly by the first measuring unit 12, is specified, is to be retained and is to be used as a reference value for the phase connection R of the device 2e.
  • Fig. 1b is a second embodiment of a device 1 for identifying an assignment of each of the multiple phase connections R, S, T of an electrical device 2a, and of the phase connection R of the electrical device 2e (see FIG. 1a) to each one of several phase conductors L1, L2, L3 of an electrical distribution network 22 is shown.
  • the electrical device 2a is designed, for example, as a three-phase battery inverter and has the phase connections R, S, T and a neutral conductor connection NG on an AC side.
  • the device 2a is connected to a battery 3 on a DC side.
  • the device 1 has a first measuring unit 12 for detecting a time profile of conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) on the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 of the electrical distribution network 22.
  • the device 1 has a further second measuring unit 13 which is set up to measure the time curves of the connection voltages UR(t) , Us(t), IIt( ⁇ ) at the phase connections R, S, T of the device 2a.
  • the device 1 also has an evaluation unit 11 which is connected to the measuring units 12 , 13 via a data connection 14 .
  • the evaluation unit 11 is set up to compare the time curve of the connection voltage UR(t) at the phase connection R of the device 2e with the time curves of the conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 are assigned. The evaluation unit 11 is also set up to identify the connection of the phase connection R of the device 2e to the phase conductor L3 as a function of this comparison.
  • the evaluation unit 11 is also set up to compare the time profiles of the connection voltages UR(t), Us(t), Ur(t) at the phase connections R, S, T of the device 2a with the time profiles that correspond to the line voltages Uu (t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) the Phase conductors L1, L2, L3 are assigned.
  • the evaluation unit 11 is also set up to identify the connection between the phase connections R, S, T of device 2a and the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 as a function of this comparison.
  • the first measuring unit 12 as a separate measuring unit is advantageous, for example, when the designation of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3, which are measured directly by the first measuring unit 12, is specified and is to be retained and used as a reference value for the phase connections R, S, T of the devices 2a, 2e should serve.
  • the electrical device 2a in FIG. 2 is designed as a three-phase battery inverter and has the phase connections R, S, T and the neutral conductor connection NG on the AC side.
  • the device 2a is connected to the battery 3 on the DC side.
  • the electrical device 2b is designed as a three-phase photovoltaic (PV) inverter and has the phase connections R, S, T and a neutral conductor connection NG on an AC side.
  • PV photovoltaic
  • the device 2b is connected to a photovoltaic (PV) generator 4 on a DC side.
  • the electrical device 2c is designed as a three-phase hybrid inverter and has the phase connections R, S, T and a neutral conductor connection NG on its AC side.
  • the device 2c is connected to a photovoltaic (PV) generator 4 and a battery 3 on its DC side.
  • the electrical device 2d is designed as a three-phase frequency converter and has the phase connections R, S, T and a neutral conductor connection NG on a first AC voltage side.
  • the device 2d is connected to an electric motor 5 on its other side.
  • the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d each have a measuring unit (not shown) for voltage measurement. These measuring units each serve as second measuring units 13, which are set up to measure the time curves of the corresponding connection voltages UR(t), Us(t), IIt( ⁇ ) at the phase connections R, S, T of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d to measure.
  • the function of a first measuring unit 12 for detecting a time profile of conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) on the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 of the electrical distribution network 22 is performed by one of these units of measurement perceived.
  • each of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d is part of one of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, specifically the device that is defined as the so-called reference device.
  • This definition is flexible in the embodiment in Fig. 2, it being possible to define each of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d as a reference device, because the number of phase connections of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d for all devices with the number of phase conductors L1, L2, L3 within the distribution network 22 matches.
  • the device 1 also has an evaluation unit 11 which is connected to the measuring units 12, 13 via a data connection.
  • the evaluation unit 11 is set up to compare the time profiles of the connection voltages UR(t), Us(t), IIt( ⁇ ) at the phase connections R, S, T of each of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d with the time profiles which are assigned to the conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • the evaluation unit 11 is also set up to identify the connection of the phase connections R, S, T of each of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d to the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 as a function of this comparison.
  • the evaluation unit 11 can also assign those devices that have the same phase assignment to a cluster.
  • the devices 2a and 2d belong to the same cluster because they have the same assignment between their phase terminals R, S, T and the corresponding phase conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • the devices 2b and 2c would belong to a different cluster because they also have the same allocation between their phase connections R, S, T and the corresponding phase conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • the electrical devices 2a, 2b and 2c each have a radio interface 6 for data communication.
  • the device 2d has a data connection 14 with the device 2c. This data connection 14 can be wireless or wired.
  • the devices 2c and 2d can be z. B. are spatially close to each other.
  • the devices 2a, 2b, 2c are z. B. connected to the Internet 30 via its radio interface 6 .
  • the device 2d can e.g. B. be connected to the Internet 30 via the data connection 14 and the radio interface 6 of the device 2c.
  • the evaluation unit 11 can be located on a server 31 connected to the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, for example via the Internet 30.
  • the server 31 can be accessed from a PC 32 and via the Internet 30, e.g. B. via a portal that the server 31 provides.
  • the first measuring unit 12 can be identical to the second measuring unit 13 .
  • the Corresponding measuring unit has a double function in that it serves both as the first measuring unit 13 to detect the connection voltages at the phase connections R, S, T of the reference device and - by definition - to assign the phase connections R, S, T of the reference device to the respectively connected phase conductors L1, L2, L3 - to detect the conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), Ui_3(t) on the phase conductors L1, L2, L3 defined in this way.
  • This is possible, for example, when it is only important to identify which of the phase connections R, S, T of the devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e is connected to the same one of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • FIG. 3a shows exemplary time curves of connection voltages UR(t) of devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d from FIG.
  • the respective phase connection R is connected to the same phase conductor L3.
  • the time curves UR(t) for devices 2a and 2d are therefore the same.
  • the two curves are superimposed and cannot be distinguished in FIG. 3a.
  • the respective phase connection R is connected to the same phase conductor L2 in the devices 2b and 2c.
  • the time curves UR(t) for devices 2b and 2c are therefore the same.
  • the two curves are superimposed and cannot be distinguished in FIG. 3a.
  • a curve from FIG. 3a can correspond to a cluster of two devices from FIG.
  • the assignments of the other devices can be determined with knowledge of the time curves of the connection voltages UR(t), Us(t), U-r(t) (cf. Figs. 3b , 3c) are identified in relation to the assignments on the reference device.
  • FIG. 3b shows exemplary time curves of connection voltages Us(t) of devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d from FIG.
  • the respective phase connection S is connected to the same phase conductor L2.
  • the time profiles Us(t) for the devices 2a and 2d are therefore the same.
  • the two curves are superimposed and cannot be distinguished in FIG. 3b.
  • the respective phase connection S is connected to the same phase conductor L1 in the devices 2b and 2c.
  • the time profiles Us(t) for the devices 2b and 2c are therefore the same.
  • the two curves are superimposed and cannot be distinguished in FIG. 3b.
  • a curve from FIG. 3b can correspond to a cluster of two devices from FIG. FIG.
  • 3c shows exemplary time curves of connection voltages IIt( ⁇ ) of devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d from FIG.
  • the respective phase connection T is connected to the same phase conductor L1.
  • the time curves IIt( ⁇ ) for devices 2a and 2d are therefore the same.
  • the two curves are superimposed and cannot be distinguished in FIG. 3c.
  • the respective phase connection T is connected to the same phase conductor L3 in the devices 2b and 2c.
  • the time curves IIt( ⁇ ) for the devices 2b and 2c are therefore the same.
  • the two curves are superimposed and cannot be distinguished in FIG. 3c.
  • a curve from FIG. 3c can correspond to a cluster of two devices from FIG.
  • phase connections R, S, T of the different devices 2a-2d are each connected to the same one of the phase conductors L1, L2, L3—and also to one another via the phase conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow chart of a method for identifying an assignment of each of the phase connections R, S, T of several devices to one of several phase conductors L1, L2, L3.
  • the connection voltage UR(t), Us(t), IIt( ⁇ ) for each phase connection of each device 2a-2e is measured by the respective second measuring units 13 in step S2.
  • each of the conductor voltages Uu(t), Ui_2(t), U L3 (t) is assigned to one of the detected connection voltages UR(t), Us(t), U-r(t) of the reference device by definition.
  • step S4 a combination of device and phase connection R, S, T and phase conductors L1, L2, L3 is selected.
  • the time profile at the selected phase connection of the selected device is compared with the time profile of the selected phase conductor in step S5.
  • step S6 the Comparison evaluated by quantifying a deviation in relation to a property of the time courses, and storing the result. If all combinations of phase connections R, S, T and phase conductors L1, L2, L3 for the selected device have not yet been compared, branch "no" from step S7, then in step S8 the next combination of phase connections R, S, T and phase conductors L1, L2, L3 is selected for the selected device and steps S5 to S7 are run through again. If all combinations are compared with one another, branch "yes" from step S7, then the phase connection R, S, T is assigned to that phase conductor L1, L2, L3 whose combination in step S6 resulted in the smallest deviation.
  • step S9 it is checked whether steps S5 to S8 have been carried out for all devices. If this is not the case, branch “no” from step S9, the next device is selected in step S10 and steps S5 to S9 are run through again. If all devices have already been processed, branch "yes" from step S9, the identified association is output in step S11 and the method ends in step S12.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé d'identification d'une attribution d'au moins une connexion de phase (R, S, T) d'un dispositif électrique (2a-2e) à un ou plusieurs conducteurs de phase (L1, L2, L3) d'un réseau de distribution électrique (22) auquel le dispositif (2a-2e) est connecté, comprenant les étapes consistant : - à détecter des fluctuations de tension dans le réseau de distribution électrique (22) par la détection d'une courbe temporelle d'une tension de conducteur (UL1(t), UL2(t), UL3(t)) sur chaque conducteur de phase (L1, L2, L3) du réseau de distribution électrique (22) et d'une courbe temporelle d'une tension de connexion (UR(t), US(t), UT(t)) qui est appliquée à l'au moins une connexion de phase (R, S, T) du dispositif (2a-2e), les tensions de conducteur (UL1(t), UL2(t), UL3(t)) présentant des fluctuations de tension pouvant varier les unes par rapport aux autres lorsqu'un changement d'une ou plusieurs tensions des tensions de conducteur (UL1(t), UL2(t), UL3(t)) est éliminé par le dispositif (2a-2e) lui-même ou par un générateur de signaux séparé, - à comparer les fluctuations de tension sur la connexion de phase (R, S, T) du dispositif (2a-2e) à celles de chaque conducteur de phase (L1, L2, L3), un écart étant détecté quantitativement entre la courbe temporelle de la tension de connexion (UR(t), US(t), UT(t)) qui a été détectée sur la connexion de phase (R, S, T) du dispositif (2a-2d) et chacune des courbes temporelles des tensions de conducteur (UL1(t), UL2(t), UL3(t)) qui ont été détectées sur les conducteurs de phase (L1, L2, L3) par rapport à une propriété des courbes temporelles, et - à identifier l'attribution de la connexion de phase (R, S, T) au conducteur de phase (L1, L2, L3) connecté correspondant par la détermination de la combinaison de la connexion de phase (R, S, T) et de l'un des conducteurs de phase (L1, L2, L3) avec lequel l'écart entre la courbe temporelle de la tension de connexion (UR(t), US(t), UT(t)) détectée sur la connexion de phase (R, S, T) et la courbe temporelle de la tension de conducteur (UL1(t), UL2(t), UL3(t)) détectée sur le conducteur de phase respectif (L1, L2, L3) est minimal par rapport à la propriété des courbes temporelles. L'invention se rapporte en outre à un dispositif approprié et conçu pour la mise en œuvre du procédé.
PCT/EP2022/068572 2021-07-23 2022-07-05 Dispositif et procédé d'attribution d'une connexion de phase d'un dispositif électrique à un conducteur de phase connecté à ce dernier WO2023001543A1 (fr)

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DE102021119207.2A DE102021119207B4 (de) 2021-07-23 2021-07-23 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Identifikation einer Zuordnung von einem Phasenanschluss eines elektrischen Gerätes zu einem damit verbundenen Phasenleiter
DE102021119207.2 2021-07-23

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DE102022129592A1 (de) 2022-11-09 2024-05-16 Sma Solar Technology Ag Vorrichtung und verfahren zur identifikation einer zuordnung von phasenanschlüssen zweier elektrischer geräte

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2204658A1 (fr) 2008-12-30 2010-07-07 General Electric Company Identification de phase de compteur de courant
US20110130991A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-02 General Electric Company Phase identification system and method
US20140167735A1 (en) 2012-12-19 2014-06-19 Elster Solutions, Llc Identifying phase connections in an electric distribution system
US20150097574A1 (en) * 2013-10-09 2015-04-09 Fujitsu Limited Phase determining method, phase determining apparatus, and recording medium
WO2017186242A1 (fr) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 Kamstrup A/S Procédé pour identifier les phases d'un réseau de distribution multiphasé
WO2020064169A1 (fr) 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Sma Solar Technology Ag Procédé et dispositif d'identification d'une affectation de lignes de phase aux raccordements d'un appareil électrique apte au déséquilibre de charge

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2204658A1 (fr) 2008-12-30 2010-07-07 General Electric Company Identification de phase de compteur de courant
US20110130991A1 (en) * 2009-12-02 2011-06-02 General Electric Company Phase identification system and method
US20140167735A1 (en) 2012-12-19 2014-06-19 Elster Solutions, Llc Identifying phase connections in an electric distribution system
US20150097574A1 (en) * 2013-10-09 2015-04-09 Fujitsu Limited Phase determining method, phase determining apparatus, and recording medium
WO2017186242A1 (fr) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 Kamstrup A/S Procédé pour identifier les phases d'un réseau de distribution multiphasé
WO2020064169A1 (fr) 2018-09-28 2020-04-02 Sma Solar Technology Ag Procédé et dispositif d'identification d'une affectation de lignes de phase aux raccordements d'un appareil électrique apte au déséquilibre de charge

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