WO2023000558A1 - 便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组及回收利用方法 - Google Patents

便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组及回收利用方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023000558A1
WO2023000558A1 PCT/CN2021/130843 CN2021130843W WO2023000558A1 WO 2023000558 A1 WO2023000558 A1 WO 2023000558A1 CN 2021130843 W CN2021130843 W CN 2021130843W WO 2023000558 A1 WO2023000558 A1 WO 2023000558A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylindrical battery
liquid injection
injection hole
cylindrical
battery module
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PCT/CN2021/130843
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王正伟
丁坤
刘付召
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星恒电源股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023000558A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023000558A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4242—Regeneration of electrolyte or reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
    • H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
    • H01M50/627—Filling ports
    • H01M50/636—Closing or sealing filling ports, e.g. using lids
    • H01M50/645—Plugs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of cylindrical battery production, in particular to a cylindrical battery module and a recycling method that are convenient for recycling.
  • Electric vehicles have high requirements on the performance of the power battery.
  • the capacity of the power battery drops to a certain level, some of the single cells of the power battery module are fully charged, but the other part of the single cells are not fully charged. Finally, the power battery The module is not fully charged.
  • the power battery module is discharged, according to the "barrel principle", the single battery that is not fully charged is likely to be discharged first, and finally the power battery module is in a state of being unable to fully discharge.
  • the power battery module cannot be fully charged and discharged at the same time, resulting in low charging and discharging efficiency. Therefore, in order to ensure the power performance, driving range and safety performance of the electric vehicle, it must be replaced.
  • the processing method in the prior art is usually to discard it directly.
  • the heavy metals such as Co and Ni in the discarded battery leak out, the soil and groundwater will be polluted.
  • the discarded battery modules still have a certain amount of remaining capacity, so they are directly discarded to waste resources. Therefore, there is still a treatment method that disassembles the replaced power battery pack, and after screening and reassembly, it may be applied to occasions where the working conditions are relatively good and the requirements for battery performance are relatively low, so as to realize the secondary use of the power battery. time use. This method is effective, but the cost is extremely high, which is not conducive to promotion.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect that the battery modules in the prior art are not convenient for recycling, and propose a cylindrical battery module and a recycling method that are easy to recycle, reduce the cost of recycling, and fully utilize the battery.
  • the performance of the module is conducive to energy saving and emission reduction.
  • the present invention provides a cylindrical battery module that is convenient for recycling, including:
  • a plurality of cylindrical batteries one end of the cylindrical battery is provided with a battery cover, and the middle part of the battery cover is provided with a liquid injection hole passing through it, and the liquid injection hole is blocked by a detachable seal;
  • the bracket is buckled at both ends of the cylindrical battery, and the bracket is provided with a central hole exposing the end face of the cylindrical battery;
  • a connecting piece passes through the central hole from the outside of the bracket to connect different electrodes of two adjacent cylindrical batteries, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the battery cover plate on the periphery of the liquid injection hole;
  • a fixing part, a plurality of the fixing parts clamp the two brackets to fix the cylindrical battery.
  • a protruding boss is provided in the middle of the battery cover, the liquid injection hole is located in the middle of the boss, and the battery cover around the boss is covered by the battery casing.
  • the diameter of the central hole is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical battery and larger than the diameter of the boss, and the connecting piece is connected to the boss.
  • the removable sealing member includes a sealing rubber plug, a sealing rubber nail and a sealing cap, the middle part of the sealing rubber plug is hollow, and the sealing rubber plug is inserted into the liquid injection hole.
  • the sealing rubber nail seals the hollow part of the sealing rubber plug, and the sealing cap is fixedly connected with the battery cover to seal the sealing rubber plug in the cylindrical battery.
  • the sealing rubber plug is in interference fit with the liquid injection hole, and the sealing rubber nail is in interference fit with the sealing rubber plug.
  • a first step is provided on the periphery of the liquid injection hole to cooperate with the sealing rubber plug, and a second step is provided on the periphery of the liquid injection hole to cooperate with the sealing cap.
  • the fixing member is an inelastic insulating tape, and the insulating tape surrounds the two brackets.
  • two adjacent rows of the cylindrical batteries are arranged in a rhombus shape, and one side of the insulating tape corresponds to the middle of the two cylindrical batteries.
  • the present invention also provides a recycling method for a cylindrical battery module that is convenient for recycling, and for the above-mentioned cylindrical battery module, the steps are as follows:
  • the appearance, charge and discharge performance, insulation performance, and health status of the cylindrical battery module are detected before the fixing member is released.
  • the liquid injection hole is arranged in the center of the cylindrical battery, and after being assembled into a module, it is still exposed to the outside world, which is convenient for opening and secondary recycling;
  • the recycling method of the present invention is easy to operate, and since the cylindrical battery module does not need to be disassembled, the cost is low and it is easy to popularize.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the enlarged view of the structure of A district in Fig. 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the assembly structure of the cylindrical battery of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of one end of the battery module of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the other end of the battery module of the present invention.
  • a cylindrical battery 10 module convenient for recycling according to the present invention, including:
  • a plurality of cylindrical batteries 10, one end of the cylindrical battery 10 is provided with a battery cover 11, and the middle part of the battery cover 11 is provided with a liquid injection hole 12 passing through it, and the liquid injection hole 12 is sealed by a detachable seal 13 plugging; opening the detachable seal 13 is about to expose the liquid injection hole 12 of the cylindrical battery 10 , and the cylindrical battery 10 can be formed while injecting liquid directly through the liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the bracket 20 is buckled on both ends of the cylindrical battery 10, and the bracket 20 is provided with a central hole 21 exposing the end face of the cylindrical battery 10; so that the bracket 20 can make the cylindrical battery 10 fixed
  • the liquid injection hole 12 of the battery 10 is exposed, so that the liquid injection hole 12 can be opened without disassembling the bracket 20 .
  • a connecting piece passes through the central hole 21 from the outside of the bracket 20 to connect different electrodes of two adjacent cylindrical batteries 10, and the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the battery cover plate 11 on the periphery of the liquid injection hole 12
  • the connecting sheet will not block the liquid injection hole 12 of the cylindrical battery 10 while connecting multiple cylindrical batteries 10 in series, so that the connecting sheet does not need to be disassembled when the liquid injection hole 12 is opened.
  • a fixing part, a plurality of the fixing parts clamp the two brackets 20 to fix the cylindrical battery 10 . Ensure the stability of the cylindrical battery 10 module structure.
  • the bracket 20 fixes the cylindrical battery 10 inside, and the connecting piece connects the electrodes at both ends of the cylindrical battery 10 from the outside of the bracket 20, and the fixing piece clamps the bracket 20 and the cylindrical battery 10, and the cylindrical battery 10
  • the module structure is stable.
  • the electrodes at both ends of the cylindrical battery 10 are exposed from the central hole 21 of the bracket 20, and the position corresponding to the liquid injection hole 12 is exposed from the middle of one end of the connecting piece, that is, the position is not blocked by the bracket 20 and the connecting piece. Therefore, it is not necessary to disassemble the bracket 20 and the connecting piece during reuse.
  • the detachable seal 13 can be opened directly from the central hole 21 to expose the liquid injection hole 12, and the cylindrical battery 10 can be refilled through the liquid injection hole 12 to restore the cylindrical battery 10. group performance. Even if the fixing part blocks the liquid injection hole 12 of part of the cylindrical battery 10 when fixing the two brackets 20, only the fixing part can be removed. At this time, because the connecting piece and the cylindrical battery 10 are fixed, the bracket 20 is limited to the connecting piece and the cylindrical battery 10. In the meantime, without violent action, the cylindrical battery 10 module can keep the shape of the module from loosening. After the liquid replenishment is completed, the cylindrical battery 10 module can be further fixed with the fixing piece.
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cylindrical battery 10 module in FIG. 1 .
  • a protruding boss 111 is provided in the middle of the battery cover 11, and the liquid injection hole 12 is located in the middle of the boss 111.
  • the battery cover 11 around the boss 111 is covered by the battery case 14 .
  • the battery casing 14 wrapping the battery cover 11 will not be higher than the surface of the battery cover 11, and due to the position limitation of the boss 111, the relative position between the battery casing 14 and the battery cover 11 is stable, and the connecting piece can directly contact
  • the boss 111 does not need to avoid the battery casing 14 to ensure the contact between the connecting piece and the battery cover 11 .
  • the diameter of the central hole 21 is smaller than the diameter of the cylindrical battery 10 and larger than the diameter of the boss 111 , and the connecting piece is connected to the boss 111 .
  • the central hole 21 limits the axial direction of the cylindrical battery 10 to prevent the cylindrical battery 10 from passing through the bracket 20; .
  • the detachable seal 13 includes a sealing rubber plug 131, a sealing rubber nail 132 and a sealing cap 133.
  • the middle part of the sealing rubber plug 131 is hollow, and the sealing rubber plug 131 is inserted into the injector.
  • the sealing rubber nail 132 blocks the hollow part of the sealing rubber plug 131, and the sealing cap 133 is fixedly connected with the battery cover 11 to seal the sealing rubber plug 131 on the cylindrical battery 10.
  • the sealing rubber plug 131 is inserted into the liquid injection hole 12, and the sealing rubber nail 132 is inserted into the sealing rubber plug 131.
  • the sealing rubber nail 132 squeezes the sealing rubber plug 131 between the sealing rubber nail 132 and the liquid injection hole 12, and the sealing rubber Due to extrusion, the plug 131 fits more closely with the liquid injection hole 12 , which greatly improves the sealing effect on the liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the sealing rubber plug 131 is in interference fit with the liquid injection hole 12
  • the sealing rubber nail 132 is in interference fit with the sealing rubber plug 131 .
  • a first step 112 that cooperates with the sealing rubber plug 131 is provided around the liquid injection hole 12, and a second step that cooperates with the sealing cap 133 is provided around the liquid injection hole 12.
  • the first step 112 forms a limit on the sealing rubber plug 131 to prevent excessive insertion
  • the second step 113 makes the connection between the sealing cap 133 and the battery cover 11 not protrude from the surface of the battery cover 11, preventing the battery from being impacted.
  • the sealing cap 133 is separated from the battery cover plate 11, and the second step 113 forms a limit to the sealing cap 133, which can ensure the stability of the sealing cap 133 when receiving an impact force perpendicular to the axial direction of the circumferential battery.
  • the sealing cap 133 When dismounting, open the sealing cap 133, because the sealing rubber nail 132 and the sealing rubber plug 131 have certain elasticity, so the sealing rubber nail 132 can be pulled out, after the sealing rubber nail 132 is pulled out, the middle part of the sealing rubber plug 131 is hollow, even if it is sealed
  • the rubber plug 131 is in interference fit with the liquid injection hole 12 , and the sealing rubber plug 131 can also be taken out, so that the liquid injection hole 12 can be opened conveniently while ensuring the sealing effect on the liquid injection hole 12 .
  • the fixing piece is selected as an inelastic insulating tape 30; a connecting piece; 40; a fixing piece; 41 , the insulating strip 30 ; the connecting piece; 40 ; the fixing piece; 41 surrounds the two brackets 20 .
  • Insulating tape 30 ; connecting piece ; 40 ; fixing piece ; 41 goes around the city for a circle, and fastens the cylindrical battery 10 between the two brackets 20 .
  • the insulating tape 30; the connecting piece; 40; the fixing piece; 41 has only a thin layer, hardly occupying any extra space, and ensures the compact splicing between the cylindrical battery 10 modules.
  • 41 has a certain width, so it will cover the two ends of the cylindrical battery 10, that is, the end where the cylindrical battery 10 is provided with the liquid injection hole 12 will also be blocked, in order to reduce the insulating tape 30; connecting piece; 40; fixing member; 41 the number of cylindrical batteries 10 covered, while improving the energy density of the cylindrical battery 10 module, the cylindrical batteries 10 in two adjacent rows are arranged in a rhombus pattern, and the insulating tape 30;
  • One side of the connecting piece; 40; the fixing piece; 41 corresponds to the middle of the two cylindrical batteries 10.
  • the insulating tape 30; the connecting piece; 40; the fixing member; 41 will only cover the electrodes of one row of cylindrical batteries 10, and more cylindrical batteries 10 do not need to disassemble the insulating belt 30; the connecting piece ; 40 ; the fixing part; 41 can carry out supplementary liquid injection.
  • the present invention also discloses a recycling method for a cylindrical battery module that is convenient for recycling, and for the above-mentioned cylindrical battery module, the steps are as follows:
  • the fixing bracket covers some of the electrodes of the cylindrical battery, in order to facilitate the one-time replenishment of the cylindrical battery module, the fixing parts are removed first. At this time, since the connecting piece is fixedly connected to the two cylindrical batteries, the bracket is limited between the connecting piece and the cylindrical battery, so even if the fixing piece is removed, the cylindrical battery module will not fall apart for the time being, and all electrodes can be exposed to the outside, which is convenient for opening the battery.
  • the liquid hole is uniformly injected. In this embodiment, since there are liquid injection holes at both ends of the cylindrical battery module, the liquid injection operations of opening the liquid injection holes-performing liquid injection, forming and sealing the liquid injection holes are respectively performed on both ends.
  • the fixing member is an insulating tape.
  • the fixing parts need to be disassembled during secondary use, the insulating tape is low in cost and easy to use, which can reduce the cost of secondary use of the cylindrical battery module.
  • the appearance, charge and discharge performance, insulation performance, and health status of the cylindrical battery module need to be tested. Ensure the safety of the secondary use of cylindrical battery modules.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling, Topping-Up Batteries (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组及回收利用方法，包括多个圆柱电池，所述圆柱电池的一端设置有电池盖板，所述电池盖板中部设置有贯穿其的注液孔，所述注液孔由可拆卸密封件封堵；支架，所述支架卡扣于所述圆柱电池两端，所述支架上设置有暴露所述圆柱电池端面的中心孔；连接片，所述连接片从支架外穿过所述中心孔连接相邻两所述圆柱电池的不同电极，所述连接片与所述注液孔外周的电池盖板固定连接；固定件，多个所述固定件夹紧两所述支架以固定所述圆柱电池。本发明将注液孔设置在圆柱电池中心，并在组装呈模组后依然暴露于外界，方便打开，便于二次回收利用。

Description

便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组及回收利用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及圆柱电池生产技术领域，尤其是指便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组及回收利用方法。
背景技术
电动汽车对动力电池的性能要求较高，当动力电池的容量下降到一定程度后，动力电池模组在充电时一部分单体电池充满了电，但另一部分单体电池没有充满电，最终动力电池模组处于不满电状态。同时，动力电池模组放电时，根据“木桶原理”，没有充满电的单体电池容易最先放完电，最终动力电池模组处于放不完电的状态。动力电池模组充不满电，同时放不完电，导致充放电的效率很低，因此为了确保电动汽车的动力性能、续驶里程和运行过程中的安全性能，就必须对其进行更换。
对于更换下的电池，现有技术中的处理方式通常是直接将其废弃，此种处理方式一方面废弃的电池中的Co、Ni等重金属一旦泄露出来，将会对土壤和地下水产生污染，另一方面废弃的电池模组，仍具有一定的剩余容量，直接废弃浪费资源。因此还存在一种处理方式是将更换下的动力电池包进行拆解，经过筛选和重新配组，有可能应用于工况相对良好、对电池性能要求相对较低的场合，实现动力电池的二次利用。这种方法有效，但是成本极高，不利于推广。
动力电池容量下降通常是因为电解液的损耗，现有的电池模组无法在不拆解的情况下进行补液操作，故回收利用成本高，因此亟需一种降低拆解成本的电池模组。
发明内容
为此，本发明所要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中电池模组不便于回收利用的缺陷，提出一种便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组及回收利用方法，降低回收利用成本，充分发挥电池模组的性能，有利于节能减排。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，包括：
多个圆柱电池，所述圆柱电池的一端设置有电池盖板，所述电池盖板中部设置有贯穿其的注液孔，所述注液孔由可拆卸密封件封堵；
支架，所述支架卡扣于所述圆柱电池两端，所述支架上设置有暴露所述圆柱电池端面的中心孔；
连接片，所述连接片从支架外穿过所述中心孔连接相邻两所述圆柱电池的不同电极，所述连接片与所述注液孔外周的电池盖板固定连接；
固定件，多个所述固定件夹紧两所述支架以固定所述圆柱电池。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述电池盖板中部设置有突出的凸台，所述注液孔位于所述凸台中部，所述凸台周围的电池盖板由电池外壳包覆。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述中心孔的直径小于所述圆柱电池的直径且大于所述凸台的直径，所述连接片与所述凸台相连。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述可拆卸密封件包括密封橡胶塞、密封胶钉和密封盖帽，所述密封橡胶塞中部中空，所述密封橡胶塞插入所述注液孔中，所述密封胶钉封堵所述密封橡胶塞的中空部分，所述密封盖帽与所述电池盖板固定连接以将密封橡胶塞密封在所述圆柱电池内。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述密封橡胶塞与所述注液孔过盈配合，所述密封胶钉与所述密封橡胶塞过盈配合。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述注液孔周侧设置有与所述密封橡胶塞配合的第一台阶，所述注液孔周侧设置有与所述密封盖帽配合的第二台阶。
在本发明的一个实施例中，所述固定件为无弹力绝缘带，所述绝缘带环绕两所述支架。
在本发明的一个实施例中，相邻两排所述圆柱电池菱形交错排布，所述绝缘带一侧对应两所述圆柱电池中间。
本发明还提供了便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组的回收利用方法，针对上述的圆柱电池模组，包括如下步骤：
解开固定支架的固定件；
拆下圆柱电池模组一端中的可拆卸密封件，向注液孔中补充注液，并进行化成，而后再利用可拆卸密封件将注液孔密封；
拆卸圆柱电池模组另一端中的可拆卸密封件，向注液孔中补充注液，并进行化成，而后再利用可拆卸密封件将注液孔密封；
利用固定件将补充注液后的圆柱电池模组固定。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在解开固定件之前，对圆柱电池模组的外观、充放电性能、绝缘性能、健康状态进行检测。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
本发明所述的圆柱电池模组，将注液孔设置在圆柱电池中心，并在组装呈模组后依然暴露于外界，方便打开，便于二次回收利用；
本发明的回收利用方法，操作简便，由于无需对圆柱电池模组进行拆卸，因此成本低，便于推广。
附图说明
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明，其中
图1是本发明整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明图1中A区结构放大图；
图3是本发明圆柱电池组装结构放大图；
图4是本发明电池模组一端示意图；
图5是本发明电池模组另一端示意图。
说明书附图标记说明：10、圆柱电池；11、电池盖板；111、凸台；112、第一台阶；113、第二台阶；12、注液孔；13、可拆卸密封件；131、密封橡胶塞；132、密封胶钉；133、密封盖帽；14、电池外壳；20、支架；21、中心孔；30；连接片；40；固定件；41、绝缘带。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明，以使本领域的技术人员可以更好地理解本发明并能予以实施，但所举实施例不作为对本发明的限定。
参照图1和图2所示，为本发明的便于回收利用的圆柱电池10模组，包括：
多个圆柱电池10，所述圆柱电池10的一端设置有电池盖板11，所述电池盖板11中部设置有贯穿其的注液孔12，所述注液孔12由可拆卸密封件13封堵；打开可拆卸密封件13即将圆柱电池10的注液孔12暴露在外，可以直接通过该注液孔12进行注液同时对圆柱电池10进行化成。
支架20，所述支架20卡扣于所述圆柱电池10两端，所述支架20上设置有暴露所述圆柱电池10端面的中心孔21；从而支架20在固定圆柱电池10的同时能够使得圆柱电池10的注液孔12暴露在外，从而无需拆卸支架20即可打开注液孔12。
连接片，所述连接片从支架20外穿过所述中心孔21连接相邻两所述圆柱电池10的不同电极，所述连接片与所述注液孔12外周的电池盖板11固定连接；连接片在将多个圆柱电池10串联的同时，不会遮挡圆柱电池10的注液孔12，从而在打开注液孔12时无需拆卸连接片。
固定件，多个所述固定件夹紧两所述支架20以固定所述圆柱电池10。保证圆柱电池10模组结构的稳定。
本实施例的圆柱电池10在回收时，支架20将圆柱电池10固定在内， 连接片从支架20外侧连接圆柱电池10两端的电极，固定件将支架20和圆柱电池10夹紧，圆柱电池10模组结构稳定。且圆柱电池10两端的电极从支架20的中心孔21中露出，对应注液孔12的位置从连接片一端的中部露出，即支架20和连接片均对该位置无遮挡。从而在再次利用时，可以无需拆卸支架20和连接片。可以在保持圆柱电池10模组完整的情况下，直接从中心孔21中将可拆卸密封件13打开，露出注液孔12，通过注液孔12对圆柱电池10进行补液，恢复圆柱电池10模组的性能。即使固定件在固定两支架20时遮挡了部分圆柱电池10的注液孔12，也可以仅拆除固定件，此时由于连接片与圆柱电池10固定，将支架20限制在连接片与圆柱电池10之间，在不进行剧烈动作的情况下，圆柱电池10模组可以保持模组的形状不会松散，在补液完成后，再利用固定件对圆柱电池10模组进行进一步固定。
参照图2和图3所示，为图1中圆柱电池10模组组装结构示意图。本实施例中，为保证圆柱电池10整体的密封效果及方便与连接片连接，所述电池盖板11中部设置有突出的凸台111，所述注液孔12位于所述凸台111中部，所述凸台111周围的电池盖板11由电池外壳14包覆。从而包裹电池盖板11的电池外壳14不会高过电池盖板11表面，且由于凸台111的限位，使得电池外壳14与电池盖板11之间相对位置稳定，同时连接片能够直接接触凸台111，无需避开电池外壳14，确保连接片与电池盖板11的接触。进一步的，所述中心孔21的直径小于所述圆柱电池10的直径且大于所述凸台111的直径，所述连接片与所述凸台111相连。中心孔21一方面对圆柱电池10的轴向进行限位，防止圆柱电池10穿出支架20，另一方面保证连接片能够接触到圆柱电池10的电极，确保多个圆柱电池10之间的串联。
进一步的，参照图3所示，所述可拆卸密封件13包括密封橡胶塞131、密封胶钉132和密封盖帽133，所述密封橡胶塞131中部中空，所述密封橡胶塞131插入所述注液孔12中，所述密封胶钉132封堵所述密封橡胶塞131的中空部分，所述密封盖帽133与所述电池盖板11固定连接以将密封橡胶塞131密封在所述圆柱电池10内。密封橡胶塞131插入注液孔12中，密封胶钉132插入密封橡胶塞131内，密封胶钉132的插入将密封橡胶塞131挤 压在密封胶钉132和注液孔12之间，密封橡胶塞131由于挤压而与注液孔12贴合的更加紧密，大大提高了对注液孔12的密封效果。为保证密封胶钉132与密封橡胶塞131的挤压效果，所述密封橡胶塞131与所述注液孔12过盈配合，所述密封胶钉132与所述密封橡胶塞131过盈配合。密封橡胶塞131和密封胶钉132封堵注液孔12后，密封盖帽133与电池盖板11固定连接，完全覆盖密封橡胶塞131和密封胶钉132。一方面在密封橡胶塞131和密封胶钉132受到向外的压力时，密封盖帽133为两者的移动提供阻力，进一步保证密封效果，另一方面，防止外部的灰尘等杂质渗入密封组件，防止密封橡胶塞131和密封胶钉132长期暴露在外造成氧化，提高使用寿命。本实施例中，所述注液孔12周侧设置有与所述密封橡胶塞131配合的第一台阶112，所述注液孔12周侧设置有与所述密封盖帽133配合的第二台阶113，从而第一台阶112对密封橡胶塞131形成限位，防止过度插入，第二台阶113使得密封盖帽133与电池盖板11的连接处不会突出电池盖板11表面，防止受到冲击力时密封盖帽133与电池盖板11脱离，第二台阶113对密封盖帽133形成限位，在受到垂直于圆周电池轴向的冲击力时，可以保证密封盖帽133连接的稳定。在拆卸时，打开密封盖帽133，由于密封胶钉132与密封橡胶塞131均具有一定的弹性，因此密封胶钉132能够被抽出，密封胶钉132抽出后，密封橡胶塞131中部中空，即使密封橡胶塞131与注液孔12过盈配合，密封橡胶塞131也能够被取出，从而在保证对注液孔12密封效果的情况下方便打开注液孔12。
参照图4和图5所示，为圆柱电池10模组的两端。本实施例中，为使得圆柱电池10模组之间能够紧密排列，需要尽可能减小固定件占用的空间，因此所述固定件选择为无弹力绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41，所述绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41环绕两所述支架20。绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41绕城一周，将圆柱电池10绑紧在两支架20之间。绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41只有薄薄一层，几乎不占用多余空间，保证圆柱电池10模组之间拼接的紧凑。由于绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41具有一定的宽度，因此其会遮挡圆柱电池10的两端，即圆柱电池10 设置注液孔12的一端也会被遮挡，为减少绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41遮挡的圆柱电池10的数量，同时提高圆柱电池10模组的能量密度，相邻两排所述圆柱电池10菱形交错排布，所述绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41一侧对应两所述圆柱电池10中间。此时，在两排圆柱电池10中，绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41仅会遮挡住其中一排圆柱电池10的电极，更多圆柱电池10无需拆卸绝缘带30；连接片；40；固定件；41即可进行补充注液。
本发明还公开了便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组的回收利用方法，针对上述的圆柱电池模组，包括如下步骤：
解开固定支架的固定件；
拆下圆柱电池模组一端中的可拆卸密封件，向注液孔中补充注液，并进行化成，而后再利用可拆卸密封件将注液孔密封；
拆卸圆柱电池模组另一端中的可拆卸密封件，向注液孔中补充注液，并进行化成，而后再利用可拆卸密封件将注液孔密封；
利用固定件将补充注液后的圆柱电池模组固定。
由于固定支架遮挡了部分圆柱电池的电极，为方便对圆柱电池模组进行一次性补充注液，故先将固定件拆除。此时由于连接片与两圆柱电池固定连接，支架限制在连接片与圆柱电池之间，因此即使拆除固定件，圆柱电池模组也暂时不会散架，还能够将全部电极暴露在外，方便打开注液孔进行统一注液。本实施例中，由于圆柱电池模组两端均存在注液孔，因此分别对两端进行打开注液孔-进行注液、化成-密封注液孔的注液操作。全部完成后，再次用固定件固定两支架，保证圆柱电池模组结构的稳定。本实施例中，固定件采用绝缘带，固定时，分别拉住绝缘带两端，使绝缘带绕过两支架，而后将绝缘带两端固定。由于二次利用时需要拆卸固定件，而绝缘带成本低，使用方便，能够降低圆柱电池模组二次利用的成本。当然，在解开固定件之前，还需要对圆柱电池模组的外观、充放电性能、绝缘性能、健康状态进行检测。确保圆柱电池模组二次利用的安全性。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (10)

  1. 便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    多个圆柱电池，所述圆柱电池的一端设置有电池盖板，所述电池盖板中部设置有贯穿其的注液孔，所述注液孔由可拆卸密封件封堵；
    支架，所述支架卡扣于所述圆柱电池两端，所述支架上设置有暴露所述圆柱电池端面的中心孔；
    连接片，所述连接片从支架外穿过所述中心孔连接相邻两所述圆柱电池的不同电极，所述连接片与所述注液孔外周的电池盖板固定连接；
    固定件，多个所述固定件夹紧两所述支架以固定所述圆柱电池。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：所述电池盖板中部设置有突出的凸台，所述注液孔位于所述凸台中部，所述凸台周围的电池盖板由电池外壳包覆。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：所述中心孔的直径小于所述圆柱电池的直径且大于所述凸台的直径，所述连接片与所述凸台相连。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：所述可拆卸密封件包括密封橡胶塞、密封胶钉和密封盖帽，所述密封橡胶塞中部中空，所述密封橡胶塞插入所述注液孔中，所述密封胶钉封堵所述密封橡胶塞的中空部分，所述密封盖帽与所述电池盖板固定连接以将密封橡胶塞密封在所述圆柱电池内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：所述密封橡胶塞与所述注液孔过盈配合，所述密封胶钉与所述密封橡胶塞过盈配合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：所述注液孔周侧设置有与所述密封橡胶塞配合的第一台阶，所述注液孔周侧设置有与所述密封盖帽配合的第二台阶。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：所述固定件为无弹力绝缘带，所述绝缘带环绕两所述支架。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组，其特征在于：相邻两排所述圆柱电池菱形交错排布，所述绝缘带一侧对应两所述圆柱电池中间。
  9. 便于回收利用的圆柱电池模组的回收利用方法，其特征在于，针对权利要求1-8任一项所述的圆柱电池模组，包括如下步骤：
    解开固定支架的固定件；
    拆下圆柱电池模组一端中的可拆卸密封件，向注液孔中补充注液，并进行化成，而后再利用可拆卸密封件将注液孔密封；
    拆卸圆柱电池模组另一端中的可拆卸密封件，向注液孔中补充注液，并进行化成，而后再利用可拆卸密封件将注液孔密封；
    利用固定件将补充注液后的圆柱电池模组固定。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的回收利用方法，其特征在于：在解开固定件之前，对圆柱电池模组的外观、充放电性能、绝缘性能、健康状态进行检测。
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