WO2022270951A1 - Module de chauffage et système automobile le comprenant - Google Patents

Module de chauffage et système automobile le comprenant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022270951A1
WO2022270951A1 PCT/KR2022/008972 KR2022008972W WO2022270951A1 WO 2022270951 A1 WO2022270951 A1 WO 2022270951A1 KR 2022008972 W KR2022008972 W KR 2022008972W WO 2022270951 A1 WO2022270951 A1 WO 2022270951A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
substrate
bus bar
heating
module
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Application number
PCT/KR2022/008972
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
서지훈
김부종
김나경
임지훈
Original Assignee
(주)아이테드
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Publication of WO2022270951A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022270951A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B5/00—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B5/14—Non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies characterised by their form comprising conductive layers or films on insulating-supports
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
    • H01B1/24—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating module and auto mobility including the heating module, and more specifically, to auto mobility including a heating module capable of removing frost and the like.
  • the inside and outside of the car are separated by the window, and the inside and outside of the apartment are also separated.
  • frost, condensation, and moisture form When frost, condensation, and moisture form, it obstructs the view of people inside cars and apartments. In particular, when the driver's field of vision is obstructed by frost, dew condensation, and moisture, there is a problem in which safety is greatly threatened.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a heating module capable of removing frost formed on glass.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a heating module capable of preventing frost from occurring on glass in advance.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an auto mobility and window module including the heating module.
  • a heating module includes a first substrate, a first heating element, a first bus bar, a second bus bar, a second substrate, a second heating element, a third bus bar, a fourth bus bar, and a battery module.
  • the first substrate may include a transparent material.
  • the first heating element may be disposed on one side of the first substrate.
  • the first bus bar may be electrically connected to the first heating element.
  • the second bus bar may be spaced apart from the first bus bar, disposed alongside the first bus bar, and electrically connected to the first heating element.
  • the second substrate is spaced apart from the first substrate and may include a transparent material.
  • the second heating element may be disposed on one side of the second substrate.
  • the third bus bar may be electrically connected to the second heating element.
  • the fourth bus bar may be spaced apart from the third bus bar, disposed alongside the third bus bar, and electrically connected to the second heating element.
  • the battery module includes one end adjacent to the second board among both ends of the first bus bar, one end adjacent to the second board among both ends of the second bus bar, and one end adjacent to the second board among both ends of the third bus bar. Power may be supplied to the first to fourth busbars through one end adjacent to the fourth busbar and one end of both ends of the fourth busbar that is in contact with the first substrate.
  • a sensor module including at least one of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor may be further included.
  • each of the first heating element and the second heating element may transmit at least a portion of incident light.
  • each of the first heating element and the second heating element may include at least one of silver nanowires (AgNW), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and indium tin oxide (ITO).
  • AgNW silver nanowires
  • CNT carbon nanotubes
  • ITO indium tin oxide
  • the first substrate and the second substrate may be disposed on different planes.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate do not overlap each other, and in a second mode, the first substrate moves in a first direction so as to overlap at least a portion of the second substrate. can do.
  • the first heating element and the second heating element do not overlap each other, and in the second mode, the first heating element may overlap at least a portion of the second heating element.
  • the humidity measured by the sensor module when the humidity measured by the sensor module is greater than or equal to a first humidity value and less than or equal to a second humidity value, at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element is set to a second temperature value greater than or equal to a first temperature value.
  • the humidity measured by the sensor module exceeds the second humidity value, at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element has a third temperature value greater than the second temperature value It is possible to generate heat below the above fourth temperature value.
  • the heating module may further include a resistance value measuring module capable of measuring a resistance value of at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element.
  • a resistance value measuring module capable of measuring a resistance value of at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element.
  • the resistance value of at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element is greater than or equal to the first resistance value and less than or equal to the second resistance value
  • at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element is set at the first temperature value or more than the second temperature value
  • the resistance value of at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element exceeds the second resistance value
  • at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element Heat may be generated from a third temperature value higher than the second temperature value to a fourth temperature value.
  • Auto mobility may include a heating module and a frame enclosing at least a portion of the heating module.
  • the heating module may include a first substrate, a first heating element, a first bus bar, a second bus bar, a second substrate, a second heating element, a third bus bar, a fourth bus bar, and a battery module.
  • the first substrate may include a transparent material.
  • the first heating element may be disposed on one side of the first substrate.
  • the first bus bar may be electrically connected to the first heating element.
  • the second bus bar may be spaced apart from the first bus bar, disposed alongside the first bus bar, and electrically connected to the first heating element.
  • the second substrate is spaced apart from the first substrate and may include a transparent material.
  • the second heating element may be disposed on one side of the second substrate.
  • the third bus bar may be electrically connected to the second heating element.
  • the fourth bus bar may be spaced apart from the third bus bar, disposed alongside the third bus bar, and electrically connected to the second heating element.
  • the battery module includes one end adjacent to the second board among both ends of the first bus bar, one end adjacent to the second board among both ends of the second bus bar, and one end adjacent to the second board among both ends of the third bus bar. Power may be supplied to the first to fourth busbars through one end adjacent to the fourth busbar and one end of both ends of the fourth busbar that is in contact with the first substrate.
  • the heating module may further include a sensor module, and the sensor module may include at least one of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor.
  • each of the first heating element and the second heating element may transmit at least a portion of incident light.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate may be disposed on different planes.
  • the humidity measured by the sensor module when the humidity measured by the sensor module is greater than or equal to a first humidity value and less than or equal to a second humidity value, at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element is set to a second temperature value greater than or equal to a first temperature value.
  • the humidity measured by the sensor module exceeds the second humidity value, at least one of the first heating element and the second heating element has a third temperature value greater than the second temperature value It is possible to generate heat below the above fourth temperature value.
  • a heating module, auto mobility, and window module capable of easily removing frost formed on glass.
  • a heating module, auto mobility, and window module capable of preventing frost from occurring on glass.
  • FIG 1 illustrates auto mobility according to an embodiment of the present invention by way of example.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary block diagram of a heating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a structure corresponding to portion AA of FIG. 1 by way of example.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating steps in which a heating module operates according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a heating unit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is an exemplary block diagram of a heating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6B is a flowchart illustratively illustrating the operation of a heating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 exemplarily illustrates a window module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an exemplary block diagram of a heating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustratively illustrating the operation of a heating module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an auto mobility (MT) according to an embodiment of the present invention by way of example.
  • 2 is an exemplary block diagram of a heating module (HM) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 illustrates a structure corresponding to portion AA of FIG. 1 by way of example.
  • the auto mobility MT may include a frame FRM and a heating module HM.
  • the frame FRM may accommodate at least a portion of the heating module HM.
  • the heating module (HM) includes a first substrate (SB1), a second substrate (SB2), a first heating unit (HP1), a second heating unit (HP2), a battery module (BT), and a sensor module (SM). can do.
  • the first substrate SB1 may include a transparent material.
  • the first substrate SB1 includes glass and may be a window disposed on the front of the vehicle.
  • the second substrate SB2 may include a transparent material.
  • the first substrate SB2 includes glass and may be a window disposed on the side of a vehicle.
  • the second substrate SB2 may be spaced apart from the first substrate SB1. In one embodiment of the present invention, the second substrate SB2 may be disposed on a different plane from the first substrate SB1.
  • the first heating unit HP1 may provide heat to one side of the first substrate SB1. Accordingly, frost or moisture generated on one surface of the first substrate SB1 may be removed or frost may be prevented from occurring on one surface of the first substrate SB1 .
  • the first heating unit HP1 may include a first heating element HT1, a first bus bar BS1, and a second bus bar BS2.
  • the first heating element HT1 may be disposed on one side of the first substrate SB1.
  • the first heating element HT1 may be a surface heating element.
  • the first heating element HT1 may transmit at least a portion of incident light.
  • the first heating element HT1 may include at least one of silver nanowires (AgNW), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and indium tin oxide (ITO), but is not limited thereto.
  • the first heating element HT1 may include a material capable of generating heat by receiving electrical energy.
  • the first heating element HT1 has a transparent property and is disposed on one side of the first substrate SB1, it can effectively remove frost or moisture without being visible to a person.
  • frost or dew condensation occurs on glass or the like, it gradually occurs from one side to the center. Therefore, by being disposed on one side of the first substrate SB1 to prevent frost from occurring on one side of the first substrate SB1, the occurrence of frost or dew condensation on the entire first substrate SB1 can be effectively prevented. can do.
  • the first bus bar BS1 may be disposed on one side of the first heating element HT1.
  • the first bus bar BS1 may be electrically connected to the first heating element HT1.
  • the second bus bar BS2 may be disposed on the other side of the first heating element HT1.
  • the second bus bar BS2 may be spaced apart from the first bus bar BS1.
  • the second bus bar BS2 may be electrically connected to the first heating element HT1.
  • the first bus bar BS1 and the second bus bar BS2 may transfer power supplied from the battery module BT to the first heating element HT1.
  • the second heating unit HP2 may provide heat to one side of the second substrate SB2. Accordingly, frost or moisture generated on one surface of the second substrate SB2 may be removed or frost may be prevented from occurring on one surface of the second substrate SB2 .
  • the second heating unit HP2 may include a second heating element HT2, a third bus bar BS3, and a fourth bus bar BS4.
  • the second heating element HT2 may be disposed on one side of the second substrate SB2.
  • the second heating element HT2 may be a surface heating element.
  • the second heating element HT2 may transmit at least a portion of incident light.
  • the second heating element HT1 may include at least one of silver nanowires (AgNW), carbon nanotubes (CNT), and indium tin oxide (ITO), but is not limited thereto.
  • the second heating element HT2 may include a material capable of generating heat by receiving electrical energy.
  • the second heating element HT2 has a transparent property and is disposed on one side of the second substrate SB2, it can effectively remove frost or water without being visible to a person.
  • frost or dew condensation occurs on glass or the like, it gradually occurs from one side to the center. Therefore, by being disposed on one side of the second substrate SB2 to prevent frost from occurring on one side of the second substrate SB2, the occurrence of frost or dew condensation on the entire second substrate SB2 is effectively prevented. can do.
  • the third bus bar BS3 may be disposed on one side of the second heating element HT2.
  • the third bus bar BS3 may be electrically connected to the second heating element HT2.
  • the fourth bus bar BS4 may be disposed on the other side of the second heating element HT2.
  • the fourth bus bar BS4 may be spaced apart from the third bus bar BS3.
  • the fourth bus bar BS4 may be electrically connected to the second heating element HT2.
  • the third bus bar BS3 and the fourth bus bar BS4 may transfer power supplied from the battery module BT to the second heating element HT2.
  • the battery module BT may provide power to the heating elements HT1 and HT2 through the bus bars BS1 , BS2 , BS3 , and BS4 .
  • the battery module BT may provide power to the first bus bar BS1 through one end in contact with the second substrate SB2 among both ends of the first bus bar BS1.
  • the battery module BT may provide power to the second bus bar BS2 through one end of both ends of the second bus bar BS2 that is in contact with the second board SB2. Accordingly, when the first bus bar BS1 and the second bus bar BS2 are supplied with power by the battery module BT, the portion of the first heating element HT1 close to the second substrate SB2 is first. 2 Heat can be generated at a higher temperature than a part farther from the substrate SB2.
  • the battery module BT may provide power to the third bus bar BS3 through one end of both ends of the third bus bar BS3 that is in contact with the first board SB1.
  • the battery module BT may provide power to the fourth bus bar BS4 through one end of both ends of the fourth bus bar BS4 that is in contact with the first substrate SB1. Accordingly, when the third bus bar BS3 and the fourth bus bar BS4 are supplied with power by the battery module BT, the second heating element HT1 has a portion close to the first substrate SB1. 1 It is possible to generate heat at a higher temperature than a part far from the substrate SB1.
  • the temperature of the lower edge of each of the front glass and the side glass is lower than the other parts due to structural problems and problems caused by wind during driving. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, when the battery module BT provides power to the bus bars BS1, BS2, BS3, and BS4, the heating elements HT1 and HT2 have a low temperature. By heating the disposed portion to a higher temperature, frost, condensation, moisture, and the like can be removed or prevented more efficiently.
  • MT auto mobility
  • the battery module BT is illustratively shown to be disposed between the first substrate SB1 and the second substrate SB2, but is not limited thereto.
  • the position of the battery module (BT) is not particularly limited, and only the position of the terminal portion to which the battery module (BT) and the bus bars (BS1, BS2, BS3, BS4) are electrically connected is present. may be a feature of the invention.
  • the sensor module SM may include at least one of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a moisture sensor.
  • the sensor module SM may detect at least one of temperature, humidity, and presence or absence of moisture in at least one part of the first substrate SB1 and the second substrate SB2.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a step S10 in which the heating module HM operates according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the operation of the heating module (HM) (S10) includes a humidity value measurement step (S100), a first humidity value determination step (S200), a first heating step (S300), and a second humidity value.
  • a value determination step (S400), and a second heating step (S500) may be included.
  • the sensor module (SM) may measure the humidity of a portion adjacent to at least one of the first substrate (SB1) and the second substrate (SB2).
  • the first humidity value determination step ( S200 ) it may be determined whether or not the humidity measured is greater than or equal to the first humidity value and less than or equal to the second humidity value.
  • the first humidity value may be 60% and the second humidity value may be 80%, but is not limited thereto.
  • the humidity value measuring step (S100) may be performed again.
  • a first heating step ( S300 ) may be performed.
  • At least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2 may generate heat above the first temperature value and below the second temperature value.
  • the second humidity value determination step (S400) it may be determined whether or not the measured humidity exceeds the second humidity value.
  • the first humidity value determination step (S200) may be performed again.
  • a second heating step (S500) may be performed.
  • At least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2 may generate heat from a third temperature value higher than the second temperature value to a fourth temperature value lower than the second temperature value.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a heating unit HP according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heating unit HP may include a first heating element HT1, a first bus bar BS1, a second bus bar BS2, and a battery module BT-1.
  • the first heating element HT1 When the length LL of the first heating element HT1 is long, if power is supplied to the bus bars BS1 and BS2 in only one direction, the temperature generated by the first heating element HT1 may have a large deviation depending on the part. problems may arise. Accordingly, if power is provided to both bus bars BS1 and BS2 using the battery module BT1, the first heating element HT1 can generate heat uniformly as a whole.
  • one battery module BT-1 is used in FIG. 5, it is not limited thereto, and in another embodiment of the present invention, two battery modules may be used to provide power to both bus bars BS1 and BS2. there is.
  • 6A is a block diagram of a heating module (HM-1) according to an embodiment of the present invention by way of example.
  • 6B is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a step S20 in which the heating module HM-1 operates according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heating module (HM-1) includes a first substrate (SB1), a second substrate (SB2), a first heating unit (HP1), a second heating unit (HP2), a battery module (BT), and a resistance value measurement module ( RM) may be included.
  • first substrate SB1, the second substrate SB2, the first heating unit HP1, the second heating unit HP2, and the battery module BT are substantially the same as those described above, and thus are omitted. .
  • the resistance value measuring module RM may measure the resistance value of at least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2.
  • the operation of the heating module (HM-1) (S20) includes a resistance value measurement step (S101), a first resistance value determination step (S201), a first heating step (S301), 2 It may include a resistance value determination step (S401), and a second heating step (S501).
  • the resistance value measurement module RM may measure the resistance value of at least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2.
  • the resistance value measuring step ( S101 ) may be performed again.
  • a first heating step ( S301 ) may be performed.
  • At least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2 may generate heat above the first temperature value and below the second temperature value.
  • the first resistance value determining step ( S201 ) may be performed again.
  • a second heating step (S501) may be performed.
  • At least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2 may generate heat from a third temperature value higher than the second temperature value to a fourth temperature value.
  • FIG. 7 exemplarily illustrates a window module WM according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 8 is an exemplary block diagram of a heating module (HM-2) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the window module WM may include a frame FRM-1 and a heating module HM-2.
  • the frame FRM-1 may accommodate at least a portion of the heating module HM-2.
  • the frame FRM-1 may correspond to a window frame.
  • the heating module (HM-2) includes a first board (SB1-1), a second board (SB2-1), a first heating unit (HP1-1), a second heating unit (HP2-1), a battery module (BT -1), and a sensor module (SM-1).
  • the window module WM can be opened and closed.
  • a state in which the interior and exterior are blocked because the window module WM is closed may be defined as a first mode, and a state in which the interior and exterior communicate with each other since the window module WM is open may be defined as a second mode.
  • the first substrate SB1 - 1 and the second substrate SB2 - 1 may be disposed on different planes and may not overlap each other in the third direction DR3 . Also, in the first mode, the first heating element HT1 - 1 and the second heating element HT2 - 1 may not overlap each other in the third direction DR3 .
  • the first substrate SB1 - 1 moves in the first direction DR1 and may overlap at least a portion of the second substrate SB2 - 1 in the third direction DR3 . Also, in the second mode, the first heating element HT1 - 1 may overlap at least a portion of the second heating element HT2 - 1 .
  • a description of the other heat generating module (HM-2) is substantially the same as that described above, and a description of AA-1 in FIG. 7 is substantially the same as that of AA in FIG. 1, so it is omitted.
  • a gap exists between the first substrate (SB1-1) and the second substrate (SB2-1), and the first substrate (SB1-1) is blown by outside air flowing through the gap. and a portion adjacent to the boundary of the second substrate SB2 - 1 has a lower temperature than other portions.
  • frost or condensation tends to occur from the lower side of the first substrate SB1-1 and the second substrate SB2-1.
  • the heating elements ( Among HT1-1 and HT2-1), by heating a part disposed at a lower temperature part to a higher temperature, it is possible to more efficiently remove or prevent frost, condensation, and moisture.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart exemplarily illustrating a step S30 in which the heating modules HM, HM-1, and HM-2 operate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the operation of the heating modules (HM, HM-1, HM-2) (S30) includes a temperature and humidity measurement step (S103) and a dew point temperature calculation step (S203).
  • S103 temperature and humidity measurement step
  • S203 dew point temperature calculation step
  • Surface temperature measuring step (S303) first temperature value determining step (S403), first heat generating step (S503), second temperature value determining step (S603), and second heat generating step (S703) may be included. .
  • the temperature and humidity around the heating elements HT1 and HT2 may be measured through the sensor modules SM and SM-1.
  • the dew point can be calculated based on the temperature and humidity measured through the sensor modules SM and SM-1.
  • the surface temperature of the heating elements HT1 and HT2 may be measured through the sensor modules SM and SM-1.
  • the relationship between the dew point temperature and the surface temperature may be determined.
  • the first heating step (S503) when the calculated dew point temperature is less than the second temperature value and the measured surface temperature exceeds the second temperature value and is less than or equal to the first temperature value, the first heating step (S503) may be performed. there is.
  • At least one of the first heat generating element HT1 and the second heat generating element HT2 may generate heat above the first temperature value and below the second temperature value.
  • the second temperature value determination step ( S603 ) it may be determined whether the measured surface temperature is equal to or less than the second temperature value.
  • a first temperature value determination step (S403) is performed, and when it is determined that the measured surface temperature is equal to or less than the second temperature value, a second heating step (S703) is performed. can be performed
  • At least one of the first heating element HT1 and the second heating element HT2 may generate heat from a third temperature value higher than the second temperature value to a fourth temperature value.
  • the present invention removes frost, condensation, and moisture by arranging heating elements in auto mobility and window modules.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Un module de chauffage comprend un premier substrat transparent, un second substrat transparent, une première unité de chauffage et une seconde unité de chauffage. La première unité de chauffage peut appliquer de la chaleur à un côté du premier substrat et la seconde unité de chauffage peut appliquer de la chaleur à un côté du second substrat. Le module de chauffage est monté sur un système automobile tel qu'un véhicule.
PCT/KR2022/008972 2021-06-24 2022-06-23 Module de chauffage et système automobile le comprenant WO2022270951A1 (fr)

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KR10-2021-0082180 2021-06-24
KR1020210082180A KR102662502B1 (ko) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 발열모듈 및 이를 포함하는 오토 모빌리티

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US10913429B1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2021-02-09 James Neville Apparatus for clearing snow and ice on a windshield or a windowpane or a side mirror of a vehicle

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KR20150044006A (ko) * 2013-10-15 2015-04-23 주식회사 엘지화학 통신창을 갖는 발열체
KR20150130105A (ko) * 2014-05-13 2015-11-23 주식회사 케이씨씨 발열 유리 온도 제어 시스템 및 방법
KR20180056637A (ko) * 2015-10-13 2018-05-29 쌩-고벵 글래스 프랑스 개선된 열 분포를 가지는 가열 가능한 적층 차량 창
KR101963864B1 (ko) * 2018-07-11 2019-04-01 (주)아이테드 발열모듈 및 이를 포함하는 발열유리
US10913429B1 (en) * 2018-07-27 2021-02-09 James Neville Apparatus for clearing snow and ice on a windshield or a windowpane or a side mirror of a vehicle

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