WO2022268398A1

WO2022268398A1 - Solar roof tile and method for producing a solar roof tile

Info

Publication number: WO2022268398A1
Application number: PCT/EP2022/062602
Authority: WO
Inventors: Peter Hakenberg
Original assignee: Paxos Consulting & Engineering GmbH & Co. KG
Priority date: 2021-06-25
Filing date: 2022-05-10
Publication date: 2022-12-29
Also published as: DE112022003247A5

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar roof tile (1), comprising a housing frame (20), a photovoltaic module (40) and a rear metal plate (60) for fastening to the base, more particularly to a roof batten (11). Below the photovoltaic module (40), a cavity (2) having at least two openings (3, 4) is formed within the housing frame (20) such that ambient air (U) can flow through said cavity. The solar roof tile (1) is characterized in that the photovoltaic module (40) is integrated into a glass package (41) and the glass package (41) is fixedly connected to the housing frame (20). The invention also relates to a method for producing a solar roof tile (1) of this type.

Description

Solar roof tiles, and method for producing a solar roof tile

The invention relates to a solar roof tile. The invention also relates to a method for producing a solar roof tile.

Solar roof tiles are known and are used instead of or in addition to solar modules on roofs to utilize solar energy. Solar roof tiles have a photovoltaic module for converting solar energy into electrical energy. According to the present application, solar roof tiles also include shingles or roof shingles with an integrated photovoltaic module.

Known solar roof tiles usually do not correspond in their appearance to the commonly used roof tiles made of clay, concrete or plastic. For this reason, too, the spread of solar roof tiles is still low. Added to this is the relatively low level of efficiency and the complicated installation on the roof.

A fundamental problem continues to be that the solar roof tiles, despite the integration of fundamentally sensitive components such as a photovoltaic module, have to meet the same requirements in terms of safety, such as storm protection or protection against hail, as conventional roof tiles made of clay, concrete or plastic. Since glass is often used when installing the photovoltaic modules, this represents a challenge.

The aim here is to ensure that the production costs for solar roof tiles do not become too high, so that an energy transition towards the use of regenerative energies can be further promoted. The need for a wide variety of materials and thus the diverse use of resources for the complex, multi-component product of a solar roof tile compared to commonly used roof tiles represents a problem. It is also important for acceptance by the end customer and depends on the production and the individual components used in the solar roof tiles pose a particular challenge in that the solar roof tiles, which have several components, are just as compact and similar in appearance to the commonly used roof tiles made of clay, concrete or plastic.

Against the background of an efficient use of regenerative energy sources in the building sector, a better global energy yield, i.e. better utilization of the energy basically made available by solar radiation, is desirable. The object of the invention is to propose an improved solar roof tile. One object is to propose a solar roof tile that is built as compactly as possible, but at the same time can withstand extreme weather conditions such as hail and is operationally reliable, as well as being particularly environmentally friendly thanks to an improved global energy yield and is as cost-effective and resource-saving as possible to produce. A further object consists in proposing a method for the production of such a solar roof tile which is as efficient as possible.

The object with regard to a solar roof tile is achieved by a solar roof tile with the features of claim 1. With regard to a method for production, the object is achieved by a method with the features of claim 11. Dependent claims relate to preferred embodiments.

In principle, the present invention has recognized that the photovoltaic module or the PV cells of the photovoltaic module are particularly well protected and at the same time integrated into the glass package in a compact manner, and this in turn is integrated into the housing frame in a well protected and compact manner. A particularly compact design of a solar roof tile is also achieved with the use of fewer components that are easy to manufacture. Protection against adverse weather conditions, in particular against hail, can be advantageously achieved by firmly installing the glass package in the housing frame. By combining photovoltaic technology to generate electricity with the use of waste heat, by providing a cavity below the photovoltaic module for ambient air to absorb waste heat, the energy available from solar radiation can also be optimally used and the global energy yield improved will.

In detail, as described in claim 1, a solar roof tile is proposed, having a housing frame, a photovoltaic module and a back plate for attachment to the substrate, in particular to a roof batten. A cavity with at least two openings is formed below the photovoltaic module within the housing frame in such a way that ambient air can flow through it. The proposed solar roof tile is characterized in that the photovoltaic module or the PV cells is integrated into a glass package and the glass package is firmly connected to the housing frame.

With regard to the production process, as described in claim 11, a process for the production of a proposed solar roof tile is proposed in detail, the glass package being produced separately and used for the production of the solar roof tile the top of the tile is inserted counter to the longitudinal direction of the solar roof tile into a receiving space of the housing frame facing the outside of the tile and is firmly connected to the housing frame.

Both with regard to individual technical features and with regard to the resulting advantages with regard to the proposed solar roof tile, as well as with regard to the proposed method for producing a solar roof tile, reference can be made to the preceding and subsequent statements. The individual technical aspects are transferrable between the different claims and preferred embodiments in a technically sensible manner--also across categories.

Two variants of the solar roof tile have proven to be particularly advantageous, a first extremely flat, rectangular flat tile design and a second also extremely flat so-called plain tile design. A beaver tail tile has an elongated shape with a semi-circular free end. The beaver tail design with a semi-circular free end is also called a round beaver cut. There are other different cut types of a plain tile design that are also possible, for example a hexagonal plain tile, a pointed diamond plain tile, a Gothic plain tile, a coat of arms plain tile, a segment cut plain tile, a straight cut plain tile, or a straight cut plain tile with rounded corners.

For orientation, the sides and directions are defined below in relation to a solar roof tile. The solar roof tile basically represents a three-dimensional body which, in the example of a flat tile design, essentially resembles a cuboid and which can therefore basically be assigned six different sides, which are to be defined below by name. A solar roof tile according to the beaver tail design mentioned has, for example, a semicircular free end on its lower side, but the six sides defined below can also be assigned to this three-dimensional body in principle: The solar roof tile always includes a side facing the house, which is referred to as the brick back. There is also an opposite side facing the surrounding area, which is referred to as the brick outside. The voneinan the spaced tile back and tile outside are on the other four Be th, based on the components of the solar roof tile about the housing frame of the solar roof tile, connected to each other. These four sides are referred to as follows when seen from above on the outside of the solar roof tile: the side arranged on the left as the left tile flank side; the side arranged on the right as the right brick flank side; the lower side as a brick front, which is on a sloping roof mounted facing the ground or the eaves and, in the case of the beaver tail design, is designed, for example, in a semicircular shape; and the upper side as a brick top, which is mounted on a pitched roof facing away from the ground or facing the roof ridge.

Corresponding to the previous definition of the basic six sides for orientation when describing a solar roof tile, three directions in the sense of a Cartesian coordinate system are defined as follows: In the sense of an x-direction, a width direction extends from the left tile flank side to the right tile side. flank side; perpendicular to the width direction in turn extends a length direction in the sense of a y-direction from the brick front side to the brick top side; Finally, a height direction extends perpendicularly to the width direction and to the length direction in the sense of a z-direction from the back of the tile to the outside of the tile.

Irrespective of the shape of the solar roof tile, be it a flat tile or plain tile design, the basic rule is that the solar radiation is converted into electricity by solar cells in the photovoltaic module. In addition, the global energy yield can be improved, since the solar radiation can be converted into heat, since the cavity for absorbing waste heat from the photovoltaic modules or the heating of the air located under the outside of the brick and via the openings for the targeted transmission of this heating air is suitable.

Furthermore, the solar roof tile is very robust against environmental influences, especially since the glass package is permanently installed in the housing frame. The fact that the glass package can be connected to the frame immovably or invariably with regard to its position relative to the housing frame means that the solar roof tile can also withstand storms or even hailstorms. The solar roof tile is also inexpensive because few components are required, and also environmentally friendly because little material is used.

The mentioned design of a flat tile is used in particular in the USA. 75% of the roofs there have so-called Asphalt Roof Shingles with a service life of 15 to 30 years. The flat tile according to the invention is essentially reproduced in this embodiment variant of this basic form. Here are exemplary dimensions for such a flat tile: dimensions: the length is 298 mm, while the width is 350 mm; Material thickness: 12 mm; Number per m ² : 18. Exemplary dimensions for solar roof tiles in the alternative beaver tail design referred to are: Dimensions: the width is 180 mm while the length is 350 mm; Material thickness: 12 mm; Number per m ² : 36.

The solar roof tile according to the invention is extremely flat and easy to install. Advantageously, within a housing frame in which a photovoltaic module is arranged, it has a cavity through which ambient air can flow. The ambient air cools the photovoltaic module, slows down the aging process of the PV cells and increases efficiency. In addition, the dissipated heat can be used by introducing the heated air flow directly or indirectly, for example into a heat exchanger or into a heat pump.

The rear panel is preferably made of spring steel and behind the photovoltaic module, between the two outer sides of the frame, added. In this case, a rivet connection can be provided.

A special embodiment of the solar roof tile is characterized in that the glass package is joined to the housing frame by means of an adhesive connection. A particularly compact design can be achieved in this way, which is also particularly reliable and protected against extreme weather conditions such as hailstorms. The housing frame is preferably designed as an E-profile in terms of cross section. The glass package can be framed particularly advantageously in the receiving space of the E-profile facing the outside of the tile. Glue can be particularly easily added to this receiving space and connected to the glass package.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that the glass package has a front side glass facing the outside of the solar roof tile, and that an edge of the front side glass facing the outside of the solar roof tile is in the area in contact with the housing frame has a circumferential bevel. Due to the all-round bevel, there is no sharp, right-angled edge seen in the height direction or pointing in the direction of the outside of the tile. The bevel or chamfer in this area improves the edge protection and thus the solar roof tile is more reliable and better protected against hail protection, for example. Gluing to the housing frame, for example, can also be designed more effectively and the bond formed and the compactness can thus be improved. A special embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that the housing frame has a protective edge on its frame outside facing a tile outside of the solar roof tile. In this case, the protective edge preferably encompasses the glass package partially at a peripheral edge facing the outside of the solar roof tile. The edge protection of the glass package and thus the operational safety and protection against adverse weather conditions, such as hail, of the entire solar roof tile is thus further improved. It is also preferred that the protective edge of the housing frame is formed by a circumferential bevel in the area in contact with the glass package. The circumferential bevel of the housing frame can have a sloping surface that points in the direction of the back of the tile. The inclined surface can be designed to correspond to the circumferential bevel of the peripheral edge of the front side glass of the glass package. The edge protection of the glass package and thus the operational safety and protection against adverse weather conditions, such as hail, of the entire solar roof tile is thus further improved.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 4, is characterized in that the glass package is formed at least from the following components: a brick outside of the solar roof tile facing front side glass; also from photovoltaic elements, which are arranged lying below the front side glass. In particular, the glass package is also formed from rear glass, with the photovoltaic elements being arranged lying between the front glass and the rear glass. It is thus a particularly compact and at the same time reliable construction of the solar roof tile he goes. It is also possible to use so-called glass film modules as a photovoltaic module. In particular, a film can also be provided instead of the rear glass.

A special embodiment of the solar roof tile is characterized in that the front glass is larger in terms of its extent in the area than the photovoltaic elements. In particular, it is also provided that the front side glass in the lower area of the brick front side, more preferably also in the upper area of the brick top side, is free of photovoltaic elements arranged underneath. In this way, an advantageous compact arrangement of the solar roof tiles can be achieved on the roof, since the solar roof tiles are arranged in an overlapping manner and yet light can be transmitted through to the photovoltaic elements of a solar roof tile below. An overlapping arrangement is also advantageous against storm suction. A special embodiment of the solar roof tile is characterized in that the front glass is larger than the rear glass in terms of its area extension. In this way, a step in the height direction can advantageously be provided and a little installation space can be made available in the interior of the solar roof tile. The free surface of the portion of the front glass that is larger in extent and points downwards away from the outside of the tile counter to the vertical direction of the solar roof tile can also be provided as a joining surface. For example, a junction box with a corresponding joint surface can be connected here. The design of the solar roof tile is therefore particularly compact.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 5, is characterized in that at least one connection box with connection elements of the photovoltaic module is provided, the connection box, seen in the height direction of the solar roof tile, having both an outer surface section and a section opposite the outer surface Has section set back joint surface for connecting to the glass package. As a result, a stable connection between the junction box and the glass package can be achieved and, overall, a compact design of the solar roof tile. An adhesive connection is preferably provided between the joint surface of the junction box and that of the glass package, in particular the front glass. It is also preferred that the at least one junction box has a space for accommodating at least one fastening element required for installation on a roof. This arrangement has the advantage that laying on the roof is extremely quick and easy.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that the housing frame has a front cover facing a tile front side, the front cover having at least one slot for forming a free connection of the cavity with the environment. In this way, the solar roof tile is particularly reliable. This is because water that collects in the cavity or behind the photovoltaic module can drain off through slits. In addition, ambient air that is heating up and accumulating in front of the front cover can also be sucked into the cavity via those slots, so that the usable heat of the air flow forming in the cavity and thus the global energy yield can be increased.

A special embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that the housing frame has a left-hand frame element facing a left-hand tile flank side and a right-hand frame element facing a right-hand tile flank side. In this case, preferably either the left-hand frame element or the right-hand frame element has a lateral extension section for forming a rainwater drainage channel between adjacent solar roof tiles when a roof is covered. The overall operational safety is increased, since a safe drainage of rainwater can be guaranteed. In principle, the housing frame can be designed in one piece. It is also preferred that the right-hand frame element or the left-hand frame element extends further downwards than the other left-hand frame element or right-hand frame element, as viewed counter to the vertical direction of the solar roof tile. In this way, a particularly secure angling of neighboring solar roof tiles on the roof can be achieved. The sides, which are of different heights, can be used to connect adjacent solar roof tiles that are horizontally adjacent. Operational safety is also increased since a storm surge can be prevented.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 8, is characterized in that a storm protection profile is attached to a rear glass of the glass package and/or to one or the front cover of the housing frame, which is designed to protect the rear panel of at least one fen to rear grip other solar roof tile from the tile outside in the direction of its tile back when the solar tile with the storm safety profile in the covered state of a roof connects to the tile top of at least one other solar roof tile. In this way, the solar roof tile with the storm protection profile is particularly stable and safe to install. If, in the case of windy or even stormy weather conditions, the solar roof tile with the storm protection profile is exposed to an air pressure-related force (but just as effective for other forces) that pushes the solar roof tile away from the roof, the storm protection profile offers an additional anchor point on the back plate of the other or several other neighboring solar roof tiles. This results in a particularly strong bond between the solar roof tiles connected to one another in this way. This is particularly advantageous if all solar roof tiles arranged on the roof are involved in such a composite, either by providing the rear sheet (e.g. with the bottom solar roof tiles or a bottom row of solar roof tiles, which are mounted on a pitched roof and are closest to the ground or the eaves ) or by providing the storm protection profile (e.g. in the case of top solar roof tiles or a top row of solar roof tiles which are mounted on a pitched roof furthest away from the ground or closest to the roof ridge) or by providing the back plate and the storm protection profile (e.g. in Solar roof tiles that are not arranged in the top or bottom position in the group of solar roof tiles). In order to connect the solar roof tile with the storm protection profile, for example, to two other solar roof tiles that are arranged under it, the storm protection profile is preferred designed to reach behind the back plates of the two other solar roof tiles, preferably where the other two solar roof tiles in the composite border each other laterally. For this purpose, the storm protection profile can preferably be arranged centrally on the back glass or in the center in relation to the front cover of the solar roof tile that includes the storm protection profile. "Central" refers to the position of the storm protection profile along the front side of the solar roof tile that carries the storm protection profile. Descriptively explained, using three connected solar roof tiles as an example, these form an arrangement similar to an equilateral triangle, with the solar roof tile with the storm protection profile represents the upper tip of the triangle and the two solar roof tiles, in whose back plates the storm protection profile engages, represent the lower side of the triangle .

The storm protection profile is preferably designed in the manner of a clip. This can preferably be designed in the manner of a U, with one of the legs of the U (not necessarily of equal length) having a recess which is preferably arranged centrally in the upper edge of the leg. The base of the U can also be flat.

The storm protection profile can be, for example, a storm protection sheet metal or also a profile as an extruded profile, in particular an aluminum extruded part, or the like.

The storm protection profile is preferably firmly connected to the back glass and/or the housing frame, particularly preferably glued. More preferably, it is bonded to the back glass. The storm protection profile is particularly preferably arranged in relation to the tile front side in the middle on the rear glass. The storm protection profile is preferably arranged close to the edge of the housing frame, which is associated with the brick front. The exact distance results from the intended relative position of the solar roof tiles to be connected to the storm protection profile on the roof and can be determined accordingly by a specialist. This also applies to the geometric features of the storm protection profile, which are described in more detail below.

Alternatively, it is also possible to connect the storm suction securing profile to the front cover, either by gluing it in the same way or, preferably, by clipping it to the front cover or, in general, to the housing frame. The storm surge protection profile can be clamped into the front cover or a plug-in connection with the front cover. The storm surge protection profile can then advantageously be clipped into the housing frame.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile is as described in claim 9, characterized in that the storm protection profile comprises a fastening section arranged on the rear side glass and an engagement section which is opposite the fastening section in such a way that between the fastening section and the engagement section There is a distance which is dimensioned such that the engagement section is arranged at least in sections between the rear sheet of the at least one other solar roof tile and a roof batten associated therewith when the roof is in the covered state. The attachment portion is preferably glued to the back glass.

A special embodiment of the solar roof tile is characterized in that the storm protection profile is U-shaped and one leg of the U forms the fastening section and the other leg of the U forms the engagement section.

A special embodiment of the solar roof tile is characterized in that the engagement section is designed essentially like a fork. Preferably, the engagement portion comprises two sheet metal tongues separated by a recess forming the fork shape and easily engageable behind one or two rear sheets.

A special embodiment of the solar roof tile is characterized in that the storm protection profile is designed as a storm protection plate and the storm surge protection plate can be produced by punching a recess in an edge area of a semi-finished sheet metal product and bending the edge area with the recess by essentially 90° relative to the rest of the semi-finished sheet metal product and that the rest of the sheet metal semi-finished product is also bent by essentially 90° in the same direction in an edge area opposite the edge area with the recess. The semi-finished sheet metal product is preferably substantially rectangular and preferably includes rounded corners.

A particular embodiment of the solar roof tile, as described in claim 10, is characterized in that the housing frame and/or a storm protection profile, which is connected to a back glass of the glass package and/or to one or the front cover of the housing frame, such is or are designed to be at least partially electrically conductive, that the housing frame and/or the storm protection profile serves as equipotential bonding when a roof is covered. In particular, can Via the housing frame and/or the storm protection profile, preferably via other components that are at least partially electrically connected to it, such as the rear panel, the electrically conductive connection for potential equalization to the substrate in the roof, i.e. in particular to the roof batten, can be formed. The safety of the entire system is further increased, also because lightning conductor systems can be used and integrated in the solar roof tiles. These no longer have to be provided separately. According to one embodiment, a substructure made of a special material can also be provided on the roof battens for this purpose. Substructures and adhesive tape made of metal, preferably aluminum, for example self-adhesive stainless steel tape, can be used.

Since the storm protection profile is intended to connect at least two solar roof tiles with one another, the equipotential bonding can advantageously be implemented across vertically or horizontally adjacent solar roof tiles. This can be done within a row of solar roof tiles via the storm protection profile, namely by producing an electrically conductive contact between the back plates of adjacent solar roof tiles and thus their housing frames. However, the storm protection profile can also be electrically conductively connected to the housing frame of your own solar roof tile (which includes the storm protection profile). By reaching behind the back plate or sheets of the other solar roof tile or the resulting electrically conductive connection, potential equalization then also takes place between solar roof tiles of vertically adjacent solar roof tiles or rows of solar roof tiles.

The material of the storm protection profile is preferably matched to the material of the rear panel to be gripped from behind (e.g. spring steel) in order to avoid, for example, electrically induced corrosion at the contact point or also to avoid mechanically induced abrasion at the contact point. The latter can occur, for example, as a result of differences in the hardness of the materials in the event of wind-induced vibrations. Here, too, the specialist is able to make the necessary adjustments. Aluminum or stainless steel, for example, come into consideration as preferred materials for the storm protection profile.

A particular embodiment of the method, as described in claim 12, is characterized in that the glass package and the housing frame are glued together. An adhesive connection can be carried out quickly and inexpensively and ensures that the components are securely bonded, even in adverse weather conditions such as hailstorms.

A particular embodiment of the method, as described in claim 13, is characterized in that the housing frame is made by means of an extrusion process, preferably made of aluminum. A very cheap and fast production of the solar roof tile is guaranteed. Few components and few processing steps are required. A left-hand frame element, a right-hand frame element and a front cover of the housing frame can preferably be formed by bending an extruded profile into the desired shape. In particular, such a one-piece design of the housing frame leads to rapid production and also to a high level of operational reliability of the solar roof tile even in storms or hail, since possible connection or joint points as weak points of the housing frame are eliminated.

The desired coloring of the housing frame can preferably be provided by subsequent surface finishing (powder coating).

A particular embodiment of the method, as described in claim 14, is characterized in that the housing frame, preferably also a front side glass of the glass package, is given a desired coloring by means of a coating process, preferably a powder coating. The solar roof tile according to the invention can have a multi-layer coating made of glass, which can be implemented in all RAL tones. The overall impression is extremely homogeneous. In addition, the appearance can be optimally adapted to that of the commonly used roof tiles made of clay, concrete or plastic.

A particular embodiment of the method, as described in claim 15, is characterized in that a storm protection profile is arranged on a rear glass of the glass package and is firmly connected to it and/or that a/the storm protection profile is attached to the housing frame, in particular to one/of the Frontabde cover of the housing frame, arranged and firmly connected to this / this. One variant is to attach the storm protection profile by gluing, particularly preferably on the rear glass. However, it can also be connected to the housing frame by, for example, screws, rivets or welding, or even be formed out of the housing frame. It is particularly preferably also possible to connect the storm surge protection profile to the front cover via a clip connection. For this purpose, the storm suction protection profile can be clamped into the front cover or can be plugged into the front cover. The storm surge protection profile can then advantageously be clipped into the housing frame.

Further advantageous and preferred configurations result from the following description with reference to the figures. The drawing, which only shows exemplary embodiments, shows: 1 shows a schematic perspective view from above of a proposed solar roof tile with fastening means in an exploded view;

FIG. 2 shows the solar roof tile from FIG. 1 in the assembled state in a schematic front view;

FIG. 3 shows the solar roof tile from FIG. 2 in a schematic rear view; FIG.

FIG. 4 shows the solar roof tile from FIG. 2 in a schematic top view; FIG.

5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a proposed solar roof tile in view a) in a schematic perspective view from above of the solar roof tile with fastening means in an exploded view, and in view b) in a schematic top view;

6 shows a section of a proposed solar roof tile in a schematic sectional view in a state mounted on a proposed roof according to view b) of FIG. 9, and shortly before the assembled state according to view a) of FIG. 9;

7 according to view a) a sectional view through a left-hand frame element of a proposed solar roof tile, and according to view b) a sectional view through a right-hand frame element of a proposed solar roof tile;

8 shows a sectional view of a section of two solar roof tiles that are horizontally adjacent to one another on a proposed roof in the area of the adjacent lateral frame elements;

9 shows a schematic front view of a housing frame of a proposed solar roof tile;

FIG. 10 shows a sectional view through a front cover of a housing frame of a proposed solar roof tile along section line AA in FIG. 9; 11 shows a top view of a portion of a schematically illustrated before proposed roof, covered with horizontally and vertically adjacent solar roof tiles, according to view a) with solar roof tiles in plain tile design, and according to view b) with solar roof tiles in flat tile design;

12 shows a schematic perspective view from below of a proposed solar roof tile with a storm protection profile; and

Fig. 13 an exemplary arrangement of solar roof tiles with storm protection profile on a roof.

In the following description of the figures, the same technical features are identified with the same reference symbols, also across different exemplary embodiments. The technical features can also be combined or exchanged with one another in a technically meaningful manner beyond the limits of different exemplary embodiments. In this respect, descriptions with specific reference to an individual figure generally also apply to corresponding features in the other figures.

A first exemplary embodiment of a solar roof tile 1 is shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 . The solar roof tile 1 is a so-called flat tile in flat tile design. An alternative design is the beaver tail design. A corresponding solar roof tile 1 in the biscuit design is shown in FIG. 5, as well as in multiple versions in terms of vertically and horizontally adjacent solar roof tiles 1 in FIG. 11 in a state laid on a proposed roof 10 . A beavertail roof tile, as in FIG. 5 or FIG. 11a), has an elongated shape with a semi-circular free end. The beaver tail design with a semi-circular free end is also called a round beaver cut. There are other different types of beaver tail designs that are also possible, for example a hexagonal beaver, a pointed diamond beaver, a Gothic beaver, a coat of arms beaver, a segment cut beaver, a straight cut beaver, or a straight cut beaver with rounded corners.

For orientation, the sides or directions are defined below based on the solar roof tile 1 for all representations in the figures. The solar roof tile 1 basically represents a three-dimensional body which, in the example of a flat tile design, essentially resembles a cuboid and which can therefore in principle be assigned six different sides, which are to be defined below by name. The solar roof tile 1 in plain tile design also has a semicircular free end, for example, on its lower side, but this can also be the case three-dimensional body basically the six sides defined below are assigned: The solar roof tile 1 basically always includes a side facing the house, which is referred to as the tile back 5 . In the state laid on the roof 10, the tile backside 5 is on the roof 10, specifically mostly partially on a roof batten 11 (FIG. 11). There is also an opposite side facing the outside environment, which is referred to as the brick outside 6 . The spaced-apart tile back 5 and tile outside 6 are connected to one another via the other four sides, based on the components of the solar roof tile 1, for example via the housing frame 20 of the solar roof tile 1. These four sides are denoted as follows in plan view from above onto the outside of the brick 6 (as shown, for example, in FIG. 4 and in FIG. 5 b)): the side arranged on the left as the left brick flank side 7; the side arranged on the right as the right brick flank side 8; the lower side as a brick front 9, which is mounted on a sloping roof and facing the Erdbo or the eaves and in the case of the beaver tail design, for example, has a semicircular shape; and the top side as a tile top 12 mounted on a pitched roof facing away from the ground or toward the ridge of the roof.

According to the previous definition of the basic six pages for orientation in the description of the solar roof tile 1, three directions in the sense of a Cartesian coordinate system are defined as follows: In the sense of an x-direction, a width direction x extends from the left tile flank side 7 to the right brick flank side 8; perpendicular to the width direction x in turn extends a length direction y in the sense of a y-direction from the brick front 9 to the brick top 12; Finally, perpendicular to the width direction x and the length direction y, a height direction z extends in the sense of a z-direction from the back of the tile 5 to the outside of the tile 6.

Basically, the solar roof tile 1 is made up of the following three components: the housing frame 20, a photovoltaic module 40, and a rear panel 60.

The housing frame 20 represents the lateral edges of the solar roof tile 1, viewed only in the width direction x and against the length direction y. The housing frame thus closes essentially the left brick flank side 7, the right Zie gel flank side 8 and the brick front 9, while the brick top 12 remains free of the housing frame 20 open. In this respect, a cavity 2 is also formed within the housing frame 20 . The cavity 2 is in turn bounded by the photovoltaic ikmod ul 40 as viewed in the height direction z towards the outside 6 of the brick. In this case, the photovoltaic module 40 closes the cavity 2 at least partially.

The cavity 2 is partially delimited by the rear plate 60 towards the rear side 5 of the brick. The rear panel 60 is designed as a web-like connection between a left-hand frame element 21 and a right-hand frame element 5 . The left frame element 21 faces the left brick flank side 7 and essentially forms it, while the right frame element 22 faces the right brick flank side 8 and essentially forms it. Due to the web-like design of the rear panel, the cavity 2 is only partially closed by the rear panel 60 . The hollow space 2 is therefore open to the back of the brick 5 in a large section. Accordingly, an opening 3 is formed from the environment into the cavity 2 of the solar roof tile 1, the opening 3 can also be referred to as the lower opening. On the other side of the back plate 60 in turn, in the direction of the top side 12 of the tile, a further opening 4 of the cavity 2 to the environment is formed. This opening 4 can also be referred to as the upper opening 4 . The rear plate 60, which connects the two lateral frame elements 21, 22 in the longitudinal direction y in sections to form the rear side of the tile 5 and to form the two openings 3, 4 of the cavity 2, therefore separates the two openings 3, 4 from one another .

The cavity 2 is thus formed below the photovoltaic module 40 and within the hous ing frame 20 . The cavity 2 is used to utilize heat by allowing it to be given off to a fluid stream flowing through the cavity 2 . Concretely, the cavity 2 with the two openings 3, 4 is designed in such a way that ambient air U can flow through the cavity. That ambient air U is partially indicated in the figures by a dashed arrow. In this respect, the (lower) opening 3 can also be referred to as the inflow opening and the (upper) opening 4 as the outflow opening.

During operation, the photovoltaic module 40, which is arranged and aligned to absorb the solar radiation, heats up considerably. The ambient air U flowing through the cavity 2 can on the one hand cool down the photovoltaic module 40 and thus also increase the thermal load and service life of the same. On the other hand, the waste heat drawn off in this way from the photovoltaic module 40 can also be used advantageously to increase the global energy yield. In this way, the heat can be dissipated in a targeted manner and used elsewhere in the household, for example. Heat exchangers and heat pumps are exemplary applications. When mounted on a roof 10, as shown in Fig. 11 a) by way of example using solar roof tiles 1 in plain tile design and in Fig. 11 b) by way of example using solar roof tiles 1 in flat tile design, the cavities 2 vertically adjacent solar roof tiles 1 merging into one another in fluid connection mitei nander. Due to the overlapping covered solar roof tile system and the rear-open housing of the solar roof tiles, an air duct is created between the solar roof tiles, which extends from the eaves to the ridge. A first passive cooling is already achieved by natural convection. The system can be actively cooled using fans and a small amount of useful heat can even be generated using a heat pump. Thus, through the bottom row of solar roof tiles 1, a flowing ambient air U can be passed on in an air duct up to the ridge of the roof. Natural convection, for example on a sloping roof, supports the flow of heat, since the ambient air, which is becoming increasingly heated, automatically rises in the direction of the roof ridge. The guidance of the heat flow, ie the ambient air U guided through the cavities 2, can be supported, but also actively, for example by the targeted provision of fans or a targeted suction of the heated air at the desired location provoked in the house.

The housing frame 20 also has a front cover 23 in addition to the described left-hand frame element 21 and right-hand frame element 22 , both of which can generally be called lateral frame elements and which both extend in the longitudinal direction y. In this respect, the frame element 20 is constructed in three parts from the three ge-mentioned components, the frame element 20 shown being produced from an extruded profile according to the exemplary embodiment lying before and being brought into the desired three-part shape by bending.

The front cover 23 is assigned to the brick front side 9 and connects the left and right frame elements 21, 22 to one another. The front cover has a number of slots 24 for forming a free connection between the cavity 2 and the environment. In this way, among other things, a calmed area can be provided, since the acting capillary forces would otherwise be higher without the provision of the slits 24 . The slits 24 thus contribute to reducing the capillary forces. In addition, ambient air that is heating up and accumulating in front of the front cover 23 can also be sucked into the cavity 2 via those slots 24, so that the usable heat of the fluid flow from ambient air U forming in the cavity 2 and thus the global energy yield can be increased.

In principle, it is particularly advantageous that the photovoltaic module 40 is particularly well protected and at the same time is integrated into the solar roof tile 1 in a compact manner. To it is provided that the photovoltaic module 40 or the PV cells is integrated into a glass package 41 and the glass package 41 is firmly connected to the housing frame 20 . The glass package 41 is well protected and integrated into the housing frame 20 in a compact manner. The connection between the housing frame 20 and the glass package 41 is designed in such a fixed manner that the glass package 41 is integrated into the housing frame 20 in an unchangeable manner with regard to its position relative to the housing. The glass package 41 can not be pushed ver relative to the housing frame 20 in the assembled state of the solar roof tile 1 .

The glass package 41 is glued to the housing frame 20 to form the secure connection. The protection against adverse weather conditions, in particular against hail, can be advantageously achieved by the fixed installation of the glass package 41 in the housing frame 20. The glass package 41 is joined to the housing frame 20 by means of an adhesive connection, in that it is glued in the upper area of the constructed “E-profile” or “F-profile” of the housing frame 20. The profile of the housing frame 20 can be seen from the illustrations in FIGS. 7, 8 and 10.

7 shows a left frame element 21 in view a) in a sectional view along a sectional plane spanned by the height direction z and width direction x, ie in a longitudinal section. In view b) a right-hand frame element 22 is shown in a corresponding longitudinal section. The two lateral frame elements 21, 22 that are not symmetrically designed could also be the other way around than shown, which would mean that the left frame element 21—instead of the right frame element 22 as shown here—has elements like the lateral components described in more detail later Foothills section 34 or open Aufnah memulde 35 has. Referring again to Fig. 10, there is shown a cross section through the front cover 23, taken along section lines A-A of Fig. 9, showing the front cover in a front view as viewed along the length direction y. 8 shows an application example of two horizontally adjacent solar roof tiles 1, which are only partially shown, in a corresponding longitudinal section.

The left and right frame elements 21, 22 correspond to an "F-profile" with two projections pointing in the direction of the interior of the solar roof tile 1, namely an outer projection 25 and an inner projection 26. The front cover 23 in turn, as shown in Fig. 9 and can be seen from the section in FIG. 10, is designed as an “E profile” with three projections pointing into the interior, namely with an outer projection 27, an inner projection 28 and a rear projection 29. Alternatively could also the front cover 23 - different from the present provides and analogous to the left and right frame element 21, 22 - be formed as an "F-profile".

The glass package 41 is accommodated non-displaceably in one formed between the outer projections 25, 27 and inner projections 26, 28 receiving space 30 of the housing frame 20 and firmly glued there. The receiving space 30 encloses the glass package 41 in the lateral directions, i.e. in and against the width direction x, and the receiving space 30 also partially supports the glass package 41 both upwards and downwards, i.e. in and against the height direction z.

A particularly advantageous manufacturing method for the solar roof tile 1, which is fast and resource-saving with regard to the individual process steps, is characterized by the following steps: The glass package 41 is first manufactured separately and then, to manufacture the solar roof tile 1, from the tile top 12 in the opposite direction to the length y of the solar roof tile 1 is inserted into the receiving space 30 of the housing frame 20 facing the tile outside 6 and is firmly connected to the housing frame 20 there. Concretely, the glass package 41 and the housing frame 30 are glued together. It is particularly advantageous with regard to the manufacture that the housing frame 30 is manufactured by means of an extrusion process, specifically in the specific example made of aluminum. The left-hand frame element 21, the right-hand frame element 22 and the front cover 23 are formed together in that the extruded profile is brought into the desired shape by bending. A one-piece production can be advantageous if the connection points are reduced as potential weak points and, above all, with regard to the production costs. However, a multi-part production from separate components of the housing frame 20, in particular the design of the housing frame 20 as a three-part variant, is also possible. The multi-part production of the housing frame 20 from several individual and separate components can also be preferred, for example, if different cuts are implemented in the individual frame components, such as the left frame element 21, the right frame element 22, and the front cover 23, for example due to a one-sided adjoining Water gutter (see also Fig. 7 and Fig. 8: rain gutter 36).

The housing frame 20 is particularly advantageously designed in such a way that it acts as edge protection for the photovoltaic module 40 or the glass package 41 . This can be extremely advantageous, especially in the event of hailstorms. In principle, the glass package 41 has the following three components: a front side glass 42 facing the brick outside 6; also photovoltaic elements 43; and finally a back-glass 44. The back-glass 44 is on the opposite side of the front- Glass 42 arranged. The photovoltaic elements 43 in turn are arranged directly below the front side glass 42, seen from the vertical direction z. As a result, the photovoltaic elements 43 are arranged lying between the front side glass 42 and rear side glass 44 and are therefore enclosed and particularly protected. The photovoltaic module 40 is accordingly constructed as a so-called glass-glass module. It is also possible to use so-called glass film modules as photovoltaic modules.

The edge protection in turn is achieved in that a peripheral edge 45 of the front glass 42 facing the outside 6 of the solar roof tile 1 has a circumferential bevel 46 in the area in contact with the housing frame 20 . As a result, the edge 45 is no longer an unpolished glass edge running approximately at right angles between the height direction z and width direction x. Rather, there is a softer transition between the side surface of the glass package 41 or front side glass 42 and the outer surface pointing outwards in the direction of the environment. By avoiding the formation of a sharp, unpolished edge, the risk of an edge breaking in the event of hailstorms can be reduced.

In addition, it is provided for edge protection that the housing frame 20 has a protective edge 32 on its frame outside 31 facing the tile outside 6 . The protective edge 32 partially encompasses the glass package 41 or its front side glass 41 at its edge 45. The protective edge 32 of the housing frame 20 thus represents a type of protective roof section for the edge 45.

The protective edge 32 is formed by a circumferential bevel 33 in the area in contact with the glass package 41 or specifically the front glass 42 . The circumferential bevel 33 thus provides a sloping surface that points diagonally downwards in the direction of the back of the tile 5, while the circumferential bevel 46 of the front side glass 42 provides a corresponding sloping surface that slopes upwards and outwards in the direction of the outside of the tile 6 points. The two glass package 41 and housing frame 20 components can enter into an even further improved adhesive connection via the two inclined surfaces. A particularly compact and durable solar roof tile 1 is provided.

The front glass 42 and the rear glass 44 have a different shape. This can be used in terms of production technology, because since the edge protection, which is somewhat more complex in terms of production technology, is only necessary for the outer front side glass 42, the rear side glass can have a cuboid geometry that is easy to produce, for example, as is customary. In addition, the front glass 42 is larger than the photovoltaic elements 43 in terms of its extension in area. Specifically, the front glass 42 is in the lower area 47 of the brick front 9, and also in the upper area 48 of the brick top 12 , free of photovoltaic elements 43 arranged underneath. In this way, an advantageous compact and overlapping arrangement of the solar roof tiles 1 on the roof 10 can be achieved if, as shown in FIG. 11 a), the solar roof tiles 1 are basically in a larger one Are arranged in an overlapping area, as is the case with the beaver tail design.

According to the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 11a), photovoltaic modules 43 are only arranged in a targeted manner where solar radiation can also arrive, even if the solar roof tiles 1 are arranged in an overlapping manner. Even if a front side glass 42 partially covers one or two adjacent solar roof tiles 1 below, the energy yield is optimal, because transmitted light still shines through the lower area 47 of the front side glass 42 to the photovoltaic elements 43 of one or the solar roof tiles below 1. An overlapping arrangement is also advantageous against storm suction, in which case separate storm suction securing elements, such as the storm suction securing profile 90 described later, can also be provided.

In the illustration according to FIG. 11 a ), solar roof tiles 1 in plain tile design can be seen, with some of the tiles shown on the right being shown transparent with respect to their tile outer sides 6 in order to be able to see the photovoltaic elements 43 . In the illustration according to FIG. 11 b), solar roof tiles 1 in flat tile design can be seen, with the tile outer sides 6 being shown again as transparent. It can be seen that the photovoltaic elements 43 according to FIG. 11 b) take up almost the entire surface. Since there is at most a very slight overlap of the adjacent solar roof tiles 1 when mounted on the roof 10, the installation space for generating electricity is utilized in the best possible way by the most extensive possible occupation with photovoltaic modules 43.

Finally, according to the exemplary embodiment shown, the front-side glass 42 is also larger than the back-side glass 44 in terms of its extent in the area. The front-side glass 42 then does not completely cover the back-side glass 44 . As a result, functional surfaces are advantageously provided in the glass package 41, with those functional surfaces pointing downwards in the direction of the rear side of the tile 5, counter to the vertical direction z. A certain installation space in the interior of the solar roof tile 1 is advantageously made available. This installation space is used on the one hand in the embodiment of the solar roof tile 1 shown in FIG. 1 and in FIG. 4 for the connection of two junction boxes 80 . The junction boxes 80 are used to form the necessary electrical plug connections. They therefore represent connection elements of the photovoltaic module 40.

Viewed in the height direction z, the junction box 80 each has both an outer surface section 81 and a joining surface 82 set back from the outer surface section 81 for connection to the glass package 41 . As a result, the joining surface 82 can form an adhesive connection with the rear side of the front side glass 42 in the mentioned functional surface provided in the described area left out by the rear side glass 44 .

Furthermore, the connection box 80 can also be used in each case to facilitate the assembly or laying of the solar roof tile 1 on the roof 10 . Thus, the connection box 80 each has a space for accommodating at least one fastening element required for installation on a roof 10 .

Specifically, two collar screws 13 are provided for fastening the solar roof tile 1 shown advantageously on the roof batten 11 . The collar screws 13 are placed in the recesses 61 provided for them in the rear panel 60 .

The collar screws 13 are shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 5 b) in a savings in the off 61 of the rear panel 60 inserted state. In those representations, however, this only serves to understand the positioning of the solar roof tiles on the roof 10, since neither a roof 10 nor a roof batten 11 is shown in the dart divisions. In Fig. 6 and in Fig. 11, in turn, the roof batten 11 can be seen, into which the collar screws 13 are screwed or are screwed.

Although the collar screws 13 are screwed into the roof batten 11, they only serve to positively connect the rear panel 60 and thus the entire solar roof tile 1 to the roof 10.

The assembly of several vertically adjacent solar roof tiles 1 as well as an isolated disassembly of a solar roof tile 1 is summarized as an example below: For assembly, the solar roof tile 1 is positioned in row 1 on the roof batten 11 and fixed by means of two retaining screws (in the present example by means of the two collar screws 13). . The screws (collar screws 13) are placed in the recesses 61 provided for this purpose in the back plate 60 and screwed in, so that this is tensioned and the solar roof tile 1 is fixed. It is particularly advantageous that the rear panel 60 is made of spring steel.

From the second row, the solar roof tiles 1 are contacted electrically before they are screwed, in particular connected via photovoltaic plugs. Then assemble as in row 1.

For disassembly, the corresponding solar roof tile 1 is pushed up by hand until the spring steel (back plate 60) clamped under the screws (collar screws 13) is exposed and springs back to its original state. The solar roof tile 1 can then be quickly and easily pulled out of the covered assembly until the electrical plug-in connection is exposed. After loosening the plug connection, the solar roof tile 1 can be removed completely.

For individual reassembly in the network, the corresponding solar roof tile 1 is wired to the open area with the underlying and overlying solar roof tile 1 and then inserted into the gap. The solar roof tile 1 is pushed through until the back plate 60 lies behind the remaining retaining screws (collar screws 13) of the previously replaced solar roof tile 1, i.e. seen in length direction y, the solar roof tile 1 to be inserted is first pushed past that collar screw 13 in the direction of the roof ridge.

For fastening, an auxiliary tool (flat steel) is passed under the solar roof tile 1, with which the back plate 60 (spring steel) is pushed down in the position pushed past the collar screws 13 in the longitudinal direction y and by subsequently pulling the solar roof tile 1 back against the longitudinal direction y back under the retaining screws (collar screws 13) is clamped.

The solar roof tile is particularly advantageous with regard to both assembly and isolated dismantling, and above all with regard to repairs for isolated checking from a network of adjacent solar roof tiles 1 . In principle, the rear panel 60 can assume two different positions. In its basic state, the rear panel 60 is seen in the vertical direction z in an upper Grundpo position, while the rear panel 60 is seen in its assembled state in the vertical Rich direction z in a lower assembly position. The rear panel is set up so that it can be moved back and forth between these two states. The assumption of the two different states can be realized, for example, via the elasticity and an associated possible bending down of the rear plate 60 or seen in the opposite direction automatic springing back. In principle, it is advantageous that the rear side of the tile 5 and specifically the rear sheet metal 60 there can be used for the simplest possible laying of the solar roof tile 1 on a roof 10 via the ability to assume two different states or positions. It is possible to produce a form fit that is as simple as possible. Simple wiring and thus integration into the electrical cal system of the solar roof tile 1 via the production of simple plug connections is also possible via the provided cavity 2 or the provided openings 3, 4 of this cavity 2.

The two mentioned states of the rear panel 60 are such that the rear panel 60 remains in its basic state without the action of an external force, and that the rear panel 60 can be moved into its assembled state against a spring force. In this case, the rear panel 60 would like to always return from its assembled state to the basic state, urged by this spring force.

The two states are also evident from the illustrations according to FIG. 6, with the rear panel 60 being in its basic state in view a) of FIG. The collar screw 13 is not yet screwed into the roof batten 11 in its intended deep position. The screw head 14 of the collar screw 13 rests on the rear panel 60 on the upper side. When the solar roof tile 1 is installed for the first time, the rear panel 60 is then put into its installed state by screwing the collar screw 13 into the roof batten 11 and thus depressing the rear panel 60, as shown in view b) of FIG. When the solar roof tile 1 is dismantled again, the back plate 60 springs back into its basic state, while the collar screw preferably remains in its screwed-in position in the batten. If a solar roof tile 1 is then to be mounted again, this can be done as follows with the collar screws 13 already mounted in the starting position:

Once the collar screws 13 are mounted in the roof batten 11, the back plate 60 and thus the solar roof tile 1 can be pushed past in its basic state above the screw heads 14 of the collar screws 13 in the direction of the roof ridge. If the rear panel 60 is then placed in its assembled state and thus assumes a lower position opposite to the height direction z, then moving the solar roof tile 1 down again in the direction of the eaves or away from the roof ridge (opposite to the longitudinal direction y) results in the rear panel 60 being below the screw heads 14 of the collar screws 13 are stuck. This is shown clearly in a sectional view in FIG. A form fit is then successfully established, because the back plate 60 remains squat or wedged in its assembled state due to the collar screws 13. stuck, so that the solar roof tile 1 can no longer be easily removed or lifted off the roof 10 in the vertical direction z.

The advantageous method for installing the solar roof tile 1 therefore has at least the following method steps: In method step a), the solar roof tile 1 is first passed upwards in the direction of the roof ridge of the roof 10 at its intended position on the substrate, in this case on the roof batten 11. In method step b), the solar roof tile 1 is then positively connected to the subsurface (the roof batten 11) by means of the rear plate 60, in that the solar roof tile 1 is again guided back down in the direction of the eaves of the roof 10 to its intended position and that Rear panel 60 is brought into positive engagement with at least one on the sub-ground (on the roof batten 11), provided fasteners (collar screw 13).

It is of particular advantage that the rear panel 60 remains in its basic state during method step a) and that, to produce the form-fitting engagement in method step b), the rear panel 60 is moved from its basic state to the assembled state.

For this purpose, an auxiliary tool, preferably a fork-shaped tool, is pushed from the front side 9 of the solar roof tile 1 up to and over the rear panel 60 and the rear panel 60 is then pressed downwards into its installation position counter to the vertical direction z by means of the auxiliary tool in order to remove the rear panel To put 60 in its Montagezu stood.

The advantageous method for removing a solar roof tile 1 from a combination with several roof tiles arranged adjacent to one another on a roof 10, in particular several adjacent solar roof tiles 1, as shown in Fig. 11, has at least the following method steps: In method step i), the solar roof tile is first removed 1 is first pushed out upwards in the direction of the ridge of the roof 10 from a form-fitting engagement with at least one fastener (collar screw 13) provided on the substrate (batten 11). Then, in the process step ii), the solar roof tile 1 is passed downwards in the direction of the eaves of the roof 10 on the at least one fastening means (collar screw 13) provided on the substrate (batten 11).

With the solar roof tiles 1 shown, disassembly is particularly easy if the back plate 60 is moved from its assembled state to its basic state during process step i) as soon as or after the form-fitting engagement with the at least one on the ground (on the roof batten 11) provided fastening means (collar screw 13) is released. It is advantageous here that, in order to move the rear panel 60 into its basic state, the rear panel 60 is automatically pushed out of its assembled state into its basic state by the spring force.

The resulting roof 10, covered with the solar roof tiles 1, is on the one hand particularly safe, even against adverse conditions such as hailstorms and against storm suction, and it is nevertheless easy to lay. The roof 10 is characterized in that the solar roof tile or tiles 1 is or are mounted on the roof 10 in such a way that the solar roof tile 1 is held in a form-fitting manner via its rear plate 60 on the substrate, specifically on the roof batten 11 . In this case, as shown and described, the solar roof tile 1 is preferably held with at least one retaining screw, but better two, specifically be particularly simply by means of two collar screws 13, on the substrate (on the roof batten 11) in such a form-fitting manner that the retaining screw (collar screw 13) is drilled into the substrate (the roof batten 11), and that the screw head 14 of the retaining screw (collar screw 13) holds the back plate 60 and thus the solar roof tile 1 in a form-fitting manner on the substrate (on the roof batten 11) viewed from above against the height direction z .

For a particularly simple assembly, the recesses 61 for receiving the least one fastener (collar bolts 13) for positively locking the solar roof tile 1 to the substrate (on the roof batten 11) are designed in a semicircular shape, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 a) is evident. Specifically, the recesses 61 are formed on a front side 62 of the rear panel 60 assigned to the brick front side 9 and are open in the opposite direction to the longitudinal direction y.

As can be seen from Fig. 8, the right-hand frame element 22 extends further downwards, counter to the height direction z, than the other, left-hand frame element 21. This makes it particularly easy to combine or nest horizontally adjacent solar roof tiles 1, as shown in Fig. 8 can be seen in the transition area between the solar roof tiles 1 shown on the left and shown on the right. It is advantageous here that the right-hand frame element 22 has a lateral extension section 34 for receiving the other, left-hand frame element 21 of the solar roof tile 1 that is adjacent to the right when the roof 10 is covered. For this purpose, the lateral spur section has an open receiving trough 35 pointing upwards or outwards towards the brick outside 6 (see FIG. 7 b)). In addition, the lateral outlets r-section 34 is used to form a rain gutter 36 between the covered state of the roof 10 adjacent solar roof tiles 1, as shown in Fig. 8 can be seen.

The housing frame 20 is also designed to be conductive in such a way that it serves as equipotential bonding when the roof 10 is covered. An electrically conductive connection for equipotential bonding up to the roof batten 11 or a part of the roof batten 11 provided for potential equalization is formed via the housing frame 20 and furthermore the rear panel 60 connected to it. For this purpose, a stainless steel strip, for example self-adhesive, or substructures made of metal, in particular aluminum, can also be provided on the roof battens 11 .

For the acceptance of the solar roof tile 1 by customers, it is also advantageous that both the housing frame 20 and the front side glass 42 go by means of coating methods, such as powder coating, for example, are given a desired coloring.

Fig. 12 shows a schematic perspective view of a proposed solar roof tile 1 from below, i.e. the rear side 5 of the tile. The solar roof tile 1 can have the features already described and in this example also includes a storm protection profile 90.

The storm securing profile 90 in the illustrated exemplary embodiment is a storm securing sheet metal, so that the reference numeral 90 refers to the storm suction securing sheet metal 90 as an embodiment of the storm suction securing profile. Alternatively, the storm surge protection profile could also be designed as an extruded profile, for example as an aluminum extruded part, or the like.

The storm safety plate 90 is arranged on the rear glass 44 of the glass package 41 of the solar roof tile 1 and is glued to it in this example. In this example, the storm-proofing plate 90 is arranged approximately in the middle of the rear glass 44 of the solar roof tile 1, with "central" referring to the position of the storm-proofing plate 90 along the front side 9 of the tile. Furthermore, the storm-proofing plate 90 is close to an edge 37 of the housing frame 20, which is assigned to the tile front side 9. A maximum distance 91 of the storm protection plate 90 in the longitudinal direction y of the solar roof tile 1 to the edge 37 results from design factors in the combination of the solar roof tiles 1 covered on the roof 10, which will be explained later on the basis of 13. The maximum distance 91 from the edge 37 is to be understood here. are, in how far the end of the storm securing plate 90 is set back in the longitudinal direction y with respect to the edge 37.

The storm securing plate 90 is shown enlarged in detail A of FIG. The storm-proofing plate 90 comprises a fastening section 92 arranged on the back glass 44 and an engaging section 93 which faces the fastening section 92 . In this example, the storm securing sheet metal 90 is glued to the rear glass 44 via the fastening section 92 . A clearance 94 is provided between the attachment portion 92 and the engagement portion 93 . The dimensioning of the distance 94 in the vertical direction z of the solar roof tile 1 and the significant design factors, together with the aforementioned maximum distance 91, will be explained later in more detail with reference to FIG.

Detail A in FIG. 12 clearly shows that the storm securing plate 90 is preferably U-shaped, resulting in a clamp-like structure. In this case, one leg of the "U" forms the fastening section 92 and the other leg of the "U" forms the engagement section 93. The engagement section 93 shown can also be referred to as "fork-like". Such a storm securing plate 90 can preferably be produced as follows process: First, a semi-finished sheet metal product 95 is provided and a recess 97 is punched out in an edge area 96. The edge area 96 with the recess 97 is then bent by essentially 90° relative to the remaining semi-finished sheet metal product 95 (reference number 98 indicates this bending movement with arrows that are only dashed ).The rest of the semi-finished sheet metal product 95 is also bent in an edge area 99 opposite the edge area 96 with the cutout 97 by essentially 90° in the same direction (the reference number 100 indicates this bending movement using only dashed arrows). After the storm protection plate 90 has been manufactured, it can be used in the manufacture ng of the solar roof tile 1 simply arranged, preferably glued to the back glass 44 as described, are.

Alternatively, a storm suction protection profile 90 produced by means of an extrusion process can be used, in which case a cutout 97 can also be provided as a punched out portion.

For the sake of completeness, it should also be noted that in FIGS. 12 and 13, cables 49 can also be seen as examples, which are used for wiring solar roof tiles 1 to one another.

Fig. 13 shows an exemplary arrangement of solar roof tiles 1 with a storm safety plate 90, as an example as described in Fig. 12, as a composite on a roof 10. The solar roof tiles 1 are arranged as an example in an upper row 101 and a lower row 102 in the composite. Two horizontally adjacent solar roof tiles 1 are shown in the upper row 101, and 5 horizontally adjacent solar roof tiles 1 lying underneath in the lower row 102. One of the solar roof tiles 1 in the upper row 101 is shown transparent with regard to the glass package 41 or the glass package 41 has not been shown for better illustration in order to be able to explain the underlying elements. Detail A in FIG. 13 shows a view of this area on the outside of the tile 6. Detail A' in FIG 1 of the lower row 102 associated batten 11 hidden, so not shown is.

Details A and A' of FIG. 13 clearly show that the solar roof tile 1 shown in the upper row 101 or its storm-proofing sheet metal 90 is designed to have the back sheet metal 60 of at least one other, in this example the back sheet metal 60 of two other, solar roof tiles/ -s 1 of the lower row 102 to reach behind. The storm protection plate 90 engages behind the rear plates 60 from the outside of the tile 6 in the direction of the rear of the tile 5. For this purpose, the fastening section 92, as can be seen in detail A, is arranged opposite the rear plates 60 towards the outside of the tile 6 and that Storm safety plate 90 is guided around the rear plates 60, so that a handle portion 93 is arranged opposite the rear plates 60 to the back of the brick 5.

The distance 94 illustrated in detail A of Figure 12 between the attachment section 92 and the engagement section 93 is accordingly designed in the vertical direction z of the solar roof tile 1 such that there is sufficient installation space between the edge 37 of the housing frame 20 and the engagement section 93, so that the rear plates 60 can be inserted into the storm protection plate 90 or into the clip-like structure formed by it if the solar roof tiles 1 of the upper row 101 and the lower row 102 are installed as intended in the composite and the rear plates 60 fit in the Mounting space between the edge 37 and the engaging portion 93 can be maintained. The fit is preferably designed in such a way that the assembly can be assembled easily and is securely fastened when exposed to external forces, in particular storm forces.

Furthermore, the maximum distance 91 from Figure 12 in the longitudinal direction y of the solar roof tile 1 is dimensioned such that the engagement section 93 when the roof 10 is covered, or when the solar roof tiles 1 of the upper row 101 and the lower row 102 are intended to be connected are mounted, at least partially between the rear panels 60 and these rear panels 60 associated roof batten 11 is arranged. In other words, it is provided that the rear plates 60 are then inserted in the longitudinal direction y into the storm securing plate 90 or the clamp-like structure at least to the extent that a secure hold by the engagement section 93 is guaranteed. The back plates 60 preferably do not hit the storm-proofing plate 90 in the longitudinal direction y, so that the positionability of the solar roof tiles 1 of the upper row 101 is not impaired.

FIGS. 12 and 13 show that the storm securing plate 90 can advantageously also be used to guide the cable 49. It is also possible to produce the storm securing plate 90 from an electrically conductive material. Since it contacts the back plates 60 in the assembled state shown in FIG. 13, a potential equalization between the solar roof tiles 1 within the lower row 102 can advantageously be achieved.

Following on from the statements made above (which also apply here) regarding the assembly of several vertically adjacent solar roof tiles 1 and also the occasional disassembly and reassembly of solar roof tiles 1, the following additions should be noted if the storm protection plate 90 is present: For assembly, a solar roof tile 1 in the lower row 102 positioned on the roof batten 11 and fixed by means of two retaining screws. A rear panel dummy (not shown) may be provided on the roof 10 at a suitable location below the lower row 102 as a replacement structure for one or more rear panels. Then the lower row 102, based on the storm securing plate 90, can be mounted analogously to the following processes for the upper row 101.

From the top row 101, the solar roof tiles 1 are electrically contacted before they are screwed together, in particular via photovoltaic plugs, for example the cables 49. At closing, the solar roof tile 1 is positioned on the upper row 101 associated roof batten 11, wherein the storm securing plate 90 is pushed with the engagement portion 93 behind the back plates 60 of the solar roof tile 1 from the lower row 102. Then the solar roof tile 1 of the upper row 101 is fixed on the roof batten 11 by means of fixing screws as described above.

For disassembly, the corresponding solar roof tile 1 is pushed up by hand until the spring steel (back plate 60) clamped under the screws (collar screws 13) is exposed and springs back to its original state. In this case, the engaging section 93 of the storm securing plate 90 is again pulled from behind in relation to the back plate 60 of the solar roof tile 1 from the rearwardly adjoining position row (like bottom row 102) pushed out. The solar roof tile 1 can then be quickly and easily pulled out of the covered composite until the electrical plug-in connection is exposed. After loosening the plug connection, the solar roof tile 1 can be removed completely.

For individual reassembly in the network, the corresponding solar roof tile 1 is wired to the open area with the solar roof tile 1 below and above it and then pushed into the gap. The solar roof tile 1 is pushed through until the back plate 60 lies behind the remaining retaining screws (collar screws 13) of the previously replaced solar roof tile 1, i.e. seen in the longitudinal direction y, the solar roof tile 1 to be inserted is first pushed past each collar screw 13 in the direction of the roof ridge. Then the solar roof tile 1 to be inserted is lowered again, against the longitudinal direction y, namely in the direction of the eaves or away from the roof ridge, in order, as already described in the context of the renewed assembly, to engage with the remaining mounting screws (collar screws 13) as intended to be brought. Since the storm safety plate 90 is brought back into engagement with the downwardly adjoining Rückbelchen 60 from vertically below adjacent solar roof tiles 1.

Apart from a vertical connection, ie a wired connection of vertically adjacent solar roof tiles 1, the solar roof tiles 1 can also be wired horizontally.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS Solar roof tiles 42 Front side glass cavity 43 Photovoltaic elements Opening (lower opening) 44 Rear side glass opening (upper opening) 45 Edge (of the front side glass 42) Tile back side 46 Circumferential bevel (of the edge tile outside edge 45 of the front side glass 42 47 ) left tile flank side (front glass 42 right tile flank side) bottom section (front glass) 48 tile front top section (front glass 42) roof 49 cable batten 60 back panel tile top 61 recess (in back panel) 62 collar screw front panel (of the back plate 60) screw head (of the shoulder screw 13) 80 junction box

81 outer surface section (of the connection housing frame box 80) left frame element 82 joint surface (of the connection box 80) right frame element 90 storm-proofing profile or storm-proofing front cover plate slot 91 maximum distance (storm-proofing outer projection (of the side frame profile or storm-proofing plate to elements) edge) inner projection (of lateral frame92 fastening section men elements) 93 engagement section outer projection (the front cover94 distance (fastening section to indentation) handle section) inner projection (of the front cover95 semi-finished sheet metal cover) 96 edge area (with recess) rear projection (of the front cover97 recess cover) 98 bending movement accommodation space (of the housing frame) 99 Edge area (opposite edge area of frame outside with recess) protective edge 100 bending movement circumferential bevel (of the housing 101 upper row serahmens) 102 lower row lateral extension section x width direction receiving trough y length direction Rain gutter z Height direction Edge (of the housing frame) U Ambient air Photovoltaic module glass package

Claims

patent claims

1. Solar roof tile (1), having a housing frame (20), a photovoltaic ikmod ul (40), a rear panel (60) for attachment to the substrate, in particular to a roof batten (11), below the photovoltaic module (40) within the housing frame (20) a cavity (2) with at least two openings (3, 4) is designed in such a way that ambient air (U) can flow through it, characterized in that the photovoltaic module (40) is integrated into a glass package (41) and that Glass package (41) is firmly connected to the housing frame (20).

2. Solar roof tile (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the Glaspa ket (41) has a brick outside (6) of the solar roof tile (1) facing front side glass (42), and that one of the tile outside ( 6) the edge (45) of the front side glass (42) facing the solar roof tile (1) has a circumferential bevel (46) in the area in contact with the housing frame (20).

3. Solar roof tile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing frame (20) has a protective edge (32) on its frame outside (31) facing a tile outside (6) of the solar roof tile (1), whereby, preferably, the protective edge (32) partially surrounds the glass package (41) on a peripheral edge (45) facing the outside (6) of the solar roof tile (1), and furthermore preferably the protective edge (32) of the housing frame (20) is formed by a circumferential bevel (33) in the area in contact with the glass package (41).

4. Solar roof tile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the glass package (41) is formed at least from the following components: from a brick outside (6) of the solar roof tile (1) facing th front side glass ( 42), and photovoltaic elements (43), which are arranged lying underneath the front side glass (42), in particular, furthermore, from a rear-side glass (44), the photovoltaic elements (43) being arranged lying between the front-side glass (42) and the rear-side glass (44).

5. Solar roof tile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one connection box (80) with connection elements of the photovoltaic module (40) is provided, the connection box (80) in the height direction (z) of the solar roof tile (1) Seen both an outer surface section (81) and compared to the outer surface section (81) set back joining surface (82) for connection to the glass package (41), and that preferably the at least one connection box (80) has a space for opening acquisition of at least one fastening element (13) required for installation on a roof.

6. Solar roof tile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing frame (20) has a front cover (23) facing a tile front side (9), the front cover (23) having at least one slot (24) for forming a free connection of the cavity (2) with the environment.

7. Solar roof tile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing frame (20) has a left frame element (21) facing a left tile flank side (7) and a right frame element facing a right tile flank side (8). (22), wherein, preferably, either the left-hand frame element (21) or the right-hand frame element (22) has a lateral extension section (34) to form a rainwater drainage channel (36) between, when covered, a roof (10 ) has adjacent solar roof tiles (1), and that preferably the right-hand frame element (22) or the left-hand frame element (21) extends further downwards, viewed against the vertical direction (z) of the solar roof tile (1), than the other left-hand frame element (21) or right frame element (22).

8. Solar roof tile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on a back glass (44) of the glass package (41) and / or on a / the front cover (23) of the housing frame (20) a storm protection profile ( 90) is connected, which is designed to reach behind the back plate (60) of at least one other solar roof tile (1) from its tile outside (6) in the direction of its tile back (5) when the solar roof tile (1 ) with the storm protection profile (90) in the covered state of a roof (10) connects to the tile top (12) of the at least one other solar roof tile (1).

9. Solar roof tile (1) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the storm protection profile (90) comprises a fastening section (92) arranged on the back glass (44) and an engagement section (93) which is opposite to the fastening section (92) in this way that between the fastening section (92) and the engagement section (93) there is a distance (94) which is dimensioned such that the engagement section (93) in the covered state of the roof ches (10) at least in sections between the rear panel (60) at least one other solar roof tile (1) and a roof batten assigned to it

(11) is arranged.

10. Solar roof tile (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing frame (20) and / or a storm protection profile (90) on a back glass (44) of the glass package (41) and / or on a /the front cover (23) of the housing frame (20) is/are designed to be at least partially electrically conductive in such a way that the housing frame (20) and/or the storm protection profile (90) act as potential equalization when a roof (10) is covered serves.

11. The method for producing a solar roof tile (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the glass package (41) is produced separately and, for the production of the solar roof tile (1), is moved from the top side (12) of the tile counter to the longitudinal direction (y) of the Solar roof tile (1) in one of the brick outside (6) facing receiving space (30) of the housing frame (20) is inserted and firmly connected to the housing frame (20).

12. The method according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the glass package (41) and the housing frame (20) are glued together.

13. The method according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the housing frame (20) is produced by means of an extrusion process, preferably from aluminum, with preferably a left frame element (21), a right frame element (22) and a front cover (23) of the housing frame (20) are formed by bending an extruded profile into the desired shape.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the housing frame (20), preferably also a front side glass (42) of the glass package (41), by means of a coating process, preferably a powder coating, receives a desired coloring.

15. The method according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that a storm safety profile (90) is arranged on a rear glass (44) of the glass package (41) and is firmly connected to it, in particular on a/the front cover (23 ) of the housing frame (20), arranged and firmly connected to the sem / this is nd / or that a / the storm safety profile (90) on the housing frame (20).