DE202009006615U1 - Solar energy using facade element and the façade element comprehensive facade - Google Patents

Abstract

Solar energy using facade element with a support element and at least one module disposed thereon for the utilization of solar energy, wherein the module has an absorption surface for receiving the solar radiation and a surface opposite this absorption surface,
and the support element has at least one device for vertical suspension on a support unit,
characterized,
that the module is fixed by a connection of at least a portion of its surface opposite the absorption surface with the support element on this.

Description

The The present invention relates to a solar energy using facade element and a facade, which at least one inventive facade element includes. Moreover, the present invention relates to a Building, which is an inventive Facade has.

solar power can be converted into electrical energy by photovoltaics or convert it into thermal energy in solar panels. solar panels as well as photovoltaic systems are often designed as flat Modules provided. The energy of the modules impinging Solar radiation is stored or converted in the modules. Especially for photovoltaic modules is their attachment on roofs with a certain inclination sufficient known. The modules will in this case on the roof surface fixed fastening systems fixed. Also known is the Placement of modules on flat surfaces, wherein the Fixing the modules an obliquely arranged fastening system serves. The attachment is usually carried out by means of Screw and / or clamp connections. At an angle Modules creates the module weight on the mounting pad Frictional forces that counteract the displacement of the modules. The fastening systems for the oblique arrangement of modules are for a vertical attachment or arrangement of Modules not suitable, as with vertical fastening of the modules not the corresponding high safety requirements against loosening or dropping the modules are met.

to Use of alternative energy resources such. B. the solar energy It is desirable, not just sloping building components such as B. roofs for the use of solar energy to use, but also vertical building components. When arranged on building walls modules thus much more space for the use of solar energy provided and therefore much more solar energy converted into a different form of energy than is possible by the conventional, only arranged diagonally on building roofs Solar modules is possible.

For vertical attachment of solar modules to buildings serving systems are complicated due to the relatively high safety requirements in their manufacturing and material costs. In addition, they have a relatively high weight, which in turn adversely affects the resulting high stability of a support system to be arranged. A system for vertical attachment of solar modules is z. B. in the EP 1 043 549 B1 discloses that it can be seen from the fact that when mounting solar modules with the system shown there are relatively large gaps between the modules and the mounting system is expensive in terms of assembly and manufacturing and material costs. In addition, problems arise with the use of this system in terms of ventilation of the houses behind the modules wall while ensuring adequate rainwater drainage.

Of the Invention is therefore based on the object, a facade element and preferably a plurality of the invention Fassedenelemente comprehensive facade for the use of solar energy to provide, with the facade element and so that the facade made of it a relatively low weight with low manufacturing and material costs and a safe Attachment should connect to a visually appealing facade to produce at a higher altitude.

The The present invention is achieved by the method claimed in claim 1 Façade element and by the claimed in claim 12 facade solved. Advantageous embodiments of the facade element are specified in claims 2 to 11. advantageous Embodiments of the facade are in the dependent claims 13 to 15 indicated. The invention is supplemented by a Building, which at least one inventive Facade includes.

According to the invention, a solar energy-utilizing facade element is provided with a support element and at least one solar energy utilization module arranged thereon, wherein the module has an absorption surface for receiving the solar radiation and a surface opposite this absorption surface and the support element at least one device for vertical suspension having a support unit. According to the invention, the module is fixed to the support element by connecting at least a region of its surface lying opposite the absorption surface. This means that the façade element according to the invention has essentially two main components, namely the module for using solar energy and a support element on which the module is mounted. The special feature of the invention is that the back of the module, namely the surface opposite the absorption surface, is used for attachment to the support element. The surface of the module opposite the absorption surface is relatively large in relation to the weight of the module, so that in a single surface part only relatively low shear forces are introduced in the attachment to the support member and suspension of the support member for producing a vertical facade. The facade element according to the invention can thus be used for the production of a building cladding or a facade. The fact that the facade element is suspended only on a support unit, the assembly effort is relatively low. Due to the suspension also results in the advantage of only small gaps between adjacent facade elements. The interchangeability of individual facade elements is ensured by the suspension in a relatively simple manner.

The Module for the use of solar energy can be a photovoltaic module or a solar panel module. The present invention is However, preference is given to the arrangement of photovoltaic modules based. Through the photovoltaic module can einstrahlende Convert solar energy into electrical energy, so that the facade element to Fairing z. B. a building view and simultaneous Production of electrical energy, eg. B. for self-sufficient energy supply of the building, can serve.

In advantageous embodiment of the invention Façade element comprises the support element at least one foot to positive support of the module. advantageously, are at a lower edge of the support element at least two feet arranged to initiate at least part of the weight of the module in the foot and thus in the support element. The means that in this embodiment, the weight the module not only by the area connection between the module and the support element on the absorption surface the module opposite surface initiated but at least part of the weight forces can be absorbed by the feet. The feet serve therefore for weight distribution and as slip-off the modules against loosening and falling down.

In a particular embodiment of the support element is provided that the foot is designed in such a way that exerted by him a clamping action on the module can be or is exercised. In addition to the weight absorption Thus, the foot also serves to prevent a shift of the Module perpendicular to the weight. This can be especially true when arranged the facade element in regions with high wind speeds advantageous be. Such a clamping effect on the module practicing Elements can be at the bottom as well as at the Be arranged sides and / or the top of the support element and exert clamping forces on the module at their positions. The means that next to the through the support surface of the Feet also realized a tight fit for fixing the module is present. The foot or the Feet can thereby on the support element itself welded or riveted. Advantageously exist the feet are made of the same material as the support element, namely aluminum or a suitable aluminum compound. In addition, but also feet from others Sheet materials are used.

to Vibration isolation or damping and prevention of mechanical damage to the bottom edge of the modules For example, a foot used may be at least facing the module Side have a plastic coating. For a simple Mounting can be provided that the foot is a plastic sheath or a plastic cap which is attached to the foot, having. Such a plastic coating or plastic wrap is advantageously made of silicone or a suitable silicone compound.

to Realization of the suspension of the facade element in vertical Position is provided that the support element as a device for vertical suspension has first form elements, the in cooperation with complementarily shaped second Moldings on the support unit suspensions to realize the vertical attachment of the facade element. Advantageously leave for this special suspensions, such as so-called Clasp, use, that is, recesses in the support element, which cooperate with pins on the support unit in such a way that when introducing the pins in the recesses or in a slipping over of the support element in the recess area on the pins on the support unit, the support element or the facade element are hung on the support unit can. Thus, a positive connection between Support element or facade element and the support unit realized. For mounting the facade element is only the positioning in front of the pins on the support unit, a lateral displacement the facade element and then lowering the Facade element required until the pins at the ends of the Resting recesses in the support element.

For fixing the module to the support element is provided that the module is attached to the surface opposite the absorption surface on the support element by means of an adhesive. This means that a surface connection between the module and the support element is realized by gluing. It offers the use of a silicone-based adhesive such. Dow Corning 993. Alternatively, of course, other suitable adhesives may be used. In particular, the module can also be fastened to the support element by means of adhesive tapes, preferably double-sided adhesive tapes. The invention is not limited to the use of adhesives for fixing the module, but it can alternaitv or adventitious also all other suitable technologies for fixing a flat Building on a surface use find.

to Realization of a visually appealing facade by the invention Façade elements while ensuring a sufficient Efficiency of energy conversion is provided that the photovoltaic module designed as a laminate module. It means that the module used should consist of a glass-glass laminate.

to Production of a visually appealing facade with a plurality the facade elements according to the invention is provided that the support element on its upper side a sheet metal tab and on its bottom has a recess, so that in rows Arrangement of several of the modules one above the other at the Upper side arranged sheet metal tab of a lower facade element in the recess in the bottom of an adjacent one above arranged facade element is pluggable. It is thus a positive connection of stacked Facade elements ensures that is almost complete Cover a building wall behind it, if necessary Also attached to a heat insulation, with a Protection against rainwater combined. By the form-fitting Connection of several facade elements, these are additionally against a lift off the building wall at higher wind loads secured.

advantageously, is at a recess at the top of the support element also a sheet metal tab arranged, which for surface contact with the Sheet metal tab on the bottom of the above Facade element for a better sealing effect for Plant can be brought.

For an optimal adhesive effect between the support element and the module is advantageously provided that at least the realization of the adhesive bond serving surface of the support element made of aluminum or a Aluminum compound is formed and at least partially anodized is. To reduce the production costs, it should be provided that the entire Support element made of aluminum or an aluminum compound exists, at least on the outside completely anodized is. The invention is not on support elements made of aluminum or aluminum compounds, but it can also supporting elements made of other materials, preferably sheet metal materials, be used.

To realize a sufficiently large adhesive surface for the introduction of weight forces of the module is provided that the ratio of adhesive-covered surface of the support element to the absorption surface of the opposite surface of the module is 0.05 to 0.25. An optimum factor in terms of the stated ratio is 0.14. This provides a sufficiently large surface area for the bond when using a support element optimized with regard to material usage and weight. Preferred dimensions of the facade element are a width between 80 cm and 150 cm and a height between 30 cm and 90 cm. This means that a facade element is then optimally designed in terms of its dimensions, if it has the following ratio:
Width: height = 2.

Cheap Dimensions for a facade element are a width from 123.5 to 125 cm and a height of 65 cm. The Depth of a facade element depends essentially on the thickness of the module and the thickness of the support element.

The This object is also achieved by a facade, in particular a building facade with a plurality of inventive Facade elements solved. It is envisaged that the invention Facade elements in series one above the other at a substantially vertical wall, in particular a building wall, arranged are. By several of these rows next to each other are thus the Facade elements also arranged side by side.

A Façade made in this way covers any background behind it Heat insulation as well as the building wall and a Mounting construction for fastening the facade elements from. It This results in an excellent visual impression of a complete Glass facade. Besides the purpose of the optical design of a building wall, connected with energy production, will also be the Protection of the building from rainwater or protection of the building arranged on the building wall heat insulation realized by the facade according to the invention, since the facade elements are designed such that on them incident rainwater kept away from the building and derived. The inventive Façade is then executed improved, if a higher facade element a facade element located adjacent underneath partially overlapping is arranged. That is, the one above the other arranged facade elements mutually after their assembly hindering in a distance movement of the building wall or block. Advantageously, the overlap occurs the facade elements only in the field of already described at the top and bottom edge arranged sheet metal tabs.

The secure connection of the module with the support element, in particular with additional arrangement of the feet under the modules, can be to realize a facade higher than 8 meters. Prescribed safety standards stipulate that glass panes for producing a façade in a vertical position at a height of more than 8 m must not be glued. Due to the relatively large ratio of adhesive surface to the module surface between the module and the support element or the relatively large ratio between the adhesive surface and the weight of the module facade elements of the invention may also be used in a height above 8 meters for building cladding in a vertical position. The adhesive bond is to be interpreted in terms of the adhesive material, the thickness of the adhesive layer and the width of the adhesive layer such that the shear forces introduced by optionally different temperature expansions of the module and the support element can be absorbed or compensated by the adhesive bond.

to Suspension of the facade elements is provided that the Facade a support unit with at least one vertical Stand, with which the facade elements are connected includes. The stand serves to accommodate the weight of the facade elements and the introduction of the total weight into the to be covered Wall and / or in the ground.

The Invention addition, a building is available provided, which at least one wall of an inventive Facade includes. The building with the invention Facade has a visually appealing appearance, combined with the Possibility to generate electrical energy.

Besides such a building has the advantage of simultaneous Covering a thermal insulation through the facade as well the protection against rainwater through the facade.

The The present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

It shows:

1 a support element in perspective view;

2 a support element in a perspective view with an indication of the invisible body edges;

3 a support element in front view;

4 a support element in view from the side;

5 an enlarged view of the lower portion of the support element shown in side view;

6 a facade according to the invention in view from the side;

7 a facade according to the invention in a perspective view.

From the 1 and 2 it can be seen that it is the support element 10 is essentially a kind of cassette, which, as shown, for. B. may be rectangular. At the front of the support element 10 this is designed in the form of a frame. This front faces the partially adhesive-coated surface 19 which is used for fastening a solar module. The adhesive-covered surface is substantially frame-shaped and with its edges parallel to the outer edges of the support element 10 as well as the module 30 , The inner boundary of the adhesive-covered area 19 is indicated by the dashed line. With a support element width of about 650 mm and a support element length of about 1243 mm, the width of the adhesive-covered surface should 19 about 30 mm. Laterally on the support element 10 are first form elements in the form of lateral recesses 14 arranged. These first shape elements or lateral recesses 14 act as described below with form elements on a support unit for suspension of the facade element together. In addition, as shown, the support element can have one or more passage openings for the passage of lines to the module. At the bottom of the support element 10 are two feet as shown 11 arranged. It can be seen that the two feet 11 to a certain extent over the area covered with adhesive 19 protrude. The feet 11 serve to place one in the 1 and 2 not shown module, which at the adhesive-covered surface 19 is applied. At the top of the support element 10 is a supernatant 20 seen. Such a supernatant 20 is only on a support element 10 arranged, which is the highest in a row or column of superposed facade elements for the realization of a facade. This supernatant 20 is used to drain rainwater, so that the rainwater does not get into the support element. All other facade elements arranged underneath have a configuration in the upper area according to the in 6 illustrated lower facade element.

As in particular from 2 it can be seen has the support element 10 on its underside one in the volume of the support element 10 protruding metal tab 17 on. This tin plate 17 serves the plant a sheet metal tab 15 at the top of a further surface element to be arranged thereunder for the realization of a facade.

In 3 the support element is shown in front view, wherein it can be seen that the feet 11 are each secured to the lower corners of the support element and the lower sheet metal tab 17 is arranged continuously. In addition, this view shows that the area covered with adhesive 19 can be interrupted laterally by a gap 22 for a junction box to be provided at this point. For removing condensation from the support element is the area covered with adhesive 19 at the lower edge of the support element 10 also interrupted. This glue interruption is a drain 23 represents.

Out 4 and 5 it is apparent that the feet 11 by riveting 12 attached to the underside of the support element. Instead of a rivet 12 However, it is also possible to use a screwed or welded connection. As in particular from 5 it can be seen is the sheet metal tab 17 at the bottom of the support element 10 realized by bending a housing wall portion, so that on the underside of the support element 10 a recess 18 arises. When forming the sheet metal tab 17 at the bottom of the support element 10 , z. B. by bending a housing portion, as in 3 represented, thus also results over the entire width of the support element 10 extending recess 18 ,

Also clear 5 recognizable is the first form element or the lateral recess 14 for receiving a pin on a support unit for suspending the facade element 1 serves. The same first form element 14 is how in 4 shown, also in the upper region of the support element 10 arranged. In 5 is also shown, at which point the plastic coating 13 on the foot 11 is to be provided. As already described, it can also be provided that, instead of a one-sided coating, a plastic coating of the foot 11 , at least at his over the surface 19 outstanding area, is realized.

In 6 two facade elements according to the invention are shown in a vertical arrangement one above the other for the production of a facade or a part of a facade according to the invention. It can be seen that in the area of adjacency of the two facade elements 1 these have a different design. The lower facade element shown 1 has on its top a sheet metal tab 15 on, in the recess 18 at the bottom of the upper facade element 1 intervenes. The tin plate 15 at the top of the lower facade element lies on the sheet metal tab 17 at the bottom of the upper facade element. It is realized by a surface seal at the transition region between the two facade elements. The upper facade element 1 does not have on its upper side as arranged on the lower facade element sheet metal tab 15 on, but is completely covered at the top and there has a supernatant 20 on, the one on a building 60 arranged windowsill 62 partially covered. It can be seen that in rainfall rainwater through the supernatant 20 is directed into the window sill and through the plant of sheet metal tabs 15 and 17 is kept away from the building wall.

On the illustrated support elements 10 are the modules 30 arranged for the use of solar energy. Between the modules 30 and the support elements 10 there is an adhesive layer 50 , This adhesive layer 50 is designed or conducts such large cohesive or adhesive forces in the adhesive-covered surface 19 of the support element and in the module 30 at its the absorption surface 31 opposite surface 32 one that the module 30 safe on the support element 10 is attached. For safety or to initiate a portion of the module weight are as described on the support elements 10 feet 11 for supporting the module 30 arranged.

For suspension of facade elements 1 the façade according to the invention comprises a support unit 40 , on the second form elements or pins 43 are arranged. These second form elements or cones 43 engage in the assembled state in the first form elements or side recesses 14 , also called agraffes, in the supporting elements 10 one. The first form elements or lateral recesses 14 and the second form elements or pins 43 thus realize a device for vertical suspension 42 , The support unit 40 includes one or more stands 41 , on which the second form elements or pins 43 are fixed.

By the facade elements of the invention 1 Thus, a facade according to the invention can be as in 7 provided. The outside of the facade forms a plurality of modules 30 arranged adjacent to each other abut each other or have a minimum distance from each other. In the vertical direction are the modules 30 also arranged with minimum distances to each other, wherein to cover the gap between the modules 30 horizontal sealing strip 71 can be arranged. In an alternative embodiment, the joints between the modules may also be closed with sealing tape to produce a substantially water and windproof facade with the visual impression of a closed surface.

Between buildings 60 or wall 61 of the building 60 is advantageously a lateral Ab cover 70 to prevent soiling and / or rainwater from entering the area between facade elements 1 and building wall 61 to prevent.

The supporting elements, as in 6 represented by the arrangement of the sheet metal tabs 17 at the bottom water guide channels in the support element 10 out.

As in 6 and 7 is shown on each support element 10 only one module each 30 arranged. The invention is not limited to this embodiment, but it can be provided that on a support element 10 also several, preferably rectangular modules 30 are arranged. The supporting elements 10 Thus, to realize the adhesive bond on one side have a substantially rectangular smooth surface, in which optionally, as shown in the figures, a rectangular recess can be arranged. At this smooth rectangular surface of the support element 10 an adhesive is placed, and the module is applied and glued to its surface opposite the absorption surface. By this bonding a facade element according to the invention is produced.

1

facade element

10

supporting member

11

foot

12

rivet

13

Plastic coating

14

first Form element, lateral recess

15

sheet tab on top

16

recess on top

17

sheet tab at the bottom

18

recess at the bottom

19

With Adhesive covered area

20

Got over

21

Through opening

22

Outlets gap

23

procedure

30

module

31

absorption area

32

of the Absorption surface opposite surface

40

support unit

41

stand

42

Facility for vertical suspension

43

second Form element, pin

50

adhesive

60

building

61

wall

62

windowsill

70

lateral cover

71

sealing strips

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 1043549 B1 [0004]

Claims (17)

Solar energy using facade element having a support member and at least one module disposed thereon for utilizing solar energy, wherein the module has an absorption surface for receiving the solar radiation and a surface opposite this absorption surface, and the support member has at least one means for vertical suspension to a support unit, characterized in that the module is fixed to the support element by connecting at least a portion of its surface opposite the absorption surface. Solar energy using facade element according to claim 1, characterized in that the module for the utilization of solar energy a photovoltaic module or a solar collector module is. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of the preceding claims, characterized that the support element at least one foot for positive locking Supporting the module has. Solar energy using facade element according to claim 3, characterized in that the foot executed in such a way is that exerted by him a clamping action on the module is. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that the foot at least on the module side facing a Plastic coating has. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of the preceding claims, characterized that the support element as a device for vertical suspension having first form elements that cooperate with complementary formed second mold elements on the support unit Suspensions for vertical attachment of the facade element realize. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of the preceding claims, characterized that the module with its surface opposite the absorption surface is attached to the support element by means of an adhesive. Solar energy using facade element according to claim 7, characterized in that the adhesive is a silicone-based Adhesive and / or an adhesive tape is. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the photovoltaic module is designed as a laminate module. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of the preceding claims, characterized that the support element on its upper side a sheet metal tab and on its bottom has a recess, so that in rows Arrangement of several of the modules one above the other at the Upper side arranged sheet metal tab of a lower facade element in the recess in the bottom of an adjacent one above arranged facade element is pluggable. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that at least the serving for the realization of the adhesive bond surface of the support element made of aluminum or an aluminum compound is and at least partially anodized. Solar energy using facade element after at least one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the ratio of area covered with adhesive of the support element to the absorption surface opposite Area of the module is 0.05 to 0.25. Facade, in particular building façade, with a plurality of facade elements according to at least one of the claims 1-112, characterized in that the facade elements in series one above the other on a substantially vertical wall, in particular building wall, are arranged. Facade according to claim 13, characterized that a higher facade element adjacent one underneath façade element located partially overlapping is arranged. Facade according to at least one of the claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the vertical row of Facade elements is higher than 8 meters. Facade according to at least one of the claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the facade is a support unit with at least one vertical stand, with which the facade elements are connected. Building, which on at least one wall a facade according to any one of claims 13-17.