WO2022267352A1 - 一种低成本的电路通断控制器 - Google Patents

一种低成本的电路通断控制器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267352A1
WO2022267352A1 PCT/CN2021/134585 CN2021134585W WO2022267352A1 WO 2022267352 A1 WO2022267352 A1 WO 2022267352A1 CN 2021134585 W CN2021134585 W CN 2021134585W WO 2022267352 A1 WO2022267352 A1 WO 2022267352A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
movable
casing
box
low
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PCT/CN2021/134585
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李雷夫
Original Assignee
李雷夫
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Publication date
Application filed by 李雷夫 filed Critical 李雷夫
Priority to CN202180033436.9A priority Critical patent/CN115917689A/zh
Publication of WO2022267352A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267352A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/08—Arrangements to facilitate replacement of a switch, e.g. cartridge housing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/06—Contacts characterised by the shape or structure of the contact-making surface, e.g. grooved
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/54—Mechanisms for coupling or uncoupling operating parts, driving mechanisms, or contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/02—Bases, casings, or covers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of circuit on-off control equipment, and in particular relates to a low-cost circuit on-off controller.
  • a large number of automation control equipment are used in modern manufacturing factories.
  • the control operation of these automation equipment requires a large number of electrical control components.
  • various control relays and contactors are the most widely used, most common and most versatile.
  • the circuit breaker is used to control the on-off of the signal and the electrical power circuit, so that the circuit can achieve various control logics expected to be set.
  • the life of relays and contactors generally depends on the life of their electrical contacts. Once contact ablation or wear occurs, the performance of relays and contactors will be greatly affected. At this time, it is necessary to restore the performance of relays or contactors. Consider repairing or replacing the contacts.
  • the electrical contacts and the relay and contactor body are integral structures, which cannot be disassembled and replaced separately. To replace the contacts, the relay or contactor must be replaced as a whole, resulting in Waste of user cost.
  • the present invention provides a low-cost circuit on-off controller.
  • the contact part is designed in a modular manner, and a split structure is adopted between the contact box and the casing. In the event of a fault, there is no need to replace the entire on-off controller, and it can be restored by directly replacing the new contact box, which has the advantages of low cost and simple operation.
  • the present invention provides a low-cost circuit on-off controller, which includes a casing and a contact box, and the contact box includes a fixed contact part, a movable contact part, an execution part and a connection part,
  • the contact box is detachably assembled on the casing through the connection part, wherein the fixed contact part has more than one set of fixed contacts, and the movable contact part has movable contacts capable of contacting and separating from the more than one set of fixed contacts.
  • the movable contact, the actuator acts on the movable contact to make the movable contact contact and separate from the fixed contact to open and close different current paths.
  • the contact box further includes an elastic part for resetting the executing part.
  • the contact box has a first wall and a second wall facing each other, and the execution part and the elastic part are located between the first wall and the second wall, wherein the execution part can The elastic part is pressed and released while sliding back and forth between the second wall, and the movable contact is arranged on the execution part.
  • the fixed contact and the movable contact are sequentially arranged in the sliding direction of the actuator.
  • the contact box further includes a restricting part, the restricting part is located in the contact box and cooperates with the outer wall of the contact box to form a chute, and the actuating part is always located in the chute.
  • connection between the connecting portion and the housing is connected by plug-fitting, snap-fitting, snap-fitting, magnetic fitting and/or screw fitting.
  • a movable part is provided on the casing, and a first through-slot is provided on the outer wall of the contact box, wherein the movable part or the executing part can pass through the first through-slot It goes out and is detachably connected between the movable part and the executive part.
  • an electromagnet capable of actuating the movable part is provided in the casing, and when the electromagnet is energized, it can drive the movable part to move to drive the execution part.
  • the movable part drives the actuator to act in the form of rotation or push-pull.
  • the present invention also includes a selection switch for adapting the voltage of the circuit connected to the electromagnet, and the selection switch is installed on the casing to switch the resistance value of the circuit connected to the electromagnet.
  • the contact part is modularized, and the contact box and the casing adopt a split structure, and the two are detachably connected together.
  • the contact box provided by the present invention has the advantages of convenient use and high integration.
  • the contact box is quickly connected to the casing of the on-off controller through the connection part, which is convenient for assembly and replacement.
  • the overall structure is compact, and the movable contact contacts and separates from the fixed contact inside the contact box to open and close different energization paths.
  • the present invention is provided with a selector switch, which can be adjusted adaptively to different input control voltages without replacing control relays or contactors of different voltage levels.
  • the present invention can select different input control voltages through the selector switch.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of an on-off controller of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the casing in Embodiment 1 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the contact box in Embodiment 1 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the right side of Fig. 5, which shows a distribution of contacts
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the right side of Fig. 5, which shows another distribution of contacts
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of voltage selection of Embodiment 1 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of display contacts in Embodiment 2 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of voltage selection in Embodiment 2 of the on-off controller of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides an on-off controller, specifically a relay, as shown in Figures 1-8, including a casing 100 and a detachable contact box 200;
  • the casing 100 provides an installation structure for installing the entire on-off controller.
  • the installation structure of the casing 100 in this embodiment is applicable to the prior art, and will not be described here.
  • the contact box 200 provides replaceable contacts, wherein the contact box 200 is provided with a connection part 210, and the casing 100 is provided with a connection matching part 110, and the connection part 210 and the casing 100 can be plugged and fitted. Snap fit, snap fit, magnetic fit and/or screw fit connection etc.;
  • connection part 210 includes two connection lock lugs 211 and an ear seat 212 with a threaded hole.
  • Two connection lock grooves 111 and a threaded hole 112 are provided on the casing 100.
  • the two connection lock lugs are 211 is matched with the two connecting lock grooves 111, and then locked through the two threaded holes through the connecting bolts, so as to realize the fixed installation of the contact box 200 on the casing 100, and the connecting part 210 is intended to connect the contact box 200 To be installed on the casing 100 , other installation methods that can realize the installation of the contact box 200 and the casing 100 are also possible, and will not be listed here.
  • the contact box 200 further includes a fixed contact part 220, a movable contact part 230, an actuator part 240 and an elastic part 250;
  • the fixed contact portion 220 has more than one set of fixed contacts 221, and each set of fixed contacts 221 includes a fixed common terminal contact 221-1, a fixed normally open contact 221-2 and a fixed normally closed contact 221-3.
  • the movable contact portion 230 has a movable contact 231 capable of contacting and separating from more than one set of fixed contacts 221, and each group of movable contacts 231 includes a movable common end contact 231-1, a movable A normally open contact 231-2 and a movable normally closed contact 231-3.
  • the actuator 240 acts on the movable contact 231 to make the movable contact 231 contact and separate from the fixed contact 221 to open and close different power paths.
  • the switching process is shown in Figure 1-2, specifically, in Figure 1 Fixed normally closed contact 221-3—movable normally closed contact 231-3—movable common terminal contact 231-1—fixed common terminal contact 221-1 forms a power circuit, which is movable under the action of the actuator 240
  • the contact part 230 moves, and in Fig. 2, the fixed normally open contact 221-2—the movable normally open contact 231-2—the movable common end contact 231-1—the fixed common end contact 221-1 forms an electrification circuit.
  • different numbers of contact terminals can be set according to specific usage conditions, as shown in Figure 6-7, wherein the structure in Figure 6 is suitable for occasions where the passing current is relatively small, and it has four sets of fixed contacts 221 and four A set of movable contacts 231 , the structure in FIG. 7 is suitable for occasions where the current is relatively large, and it has two sets of fixed contacts 221 and two sets of movable contacts 231 .
  • the contact box 200 is in the shape of a square as a whole, which has a first wall 201 and a second wall 202 facing up and down, and the execution part 240 and the elastic part 250 are located between the first wall 201 and the second wall 202 , the execution part 240 is preferably a sliding execution part, the movable contact 231 on the movable contact part 230 is arranged on the execution part 240, the elastic part 250 is preferably a spring, and the execution part 240 can move from the first wall 201 to the second wall. The reciprocating sliding between the walls 202 compresses and loosens the elastic portion 250 at the same time.
  • a notch groove 241 is provided at the lower end of the actuator part 240 , one end of the elastic part 250 is located in the notch groove 241 , the other end of the elastic part 250 abuts against the second wall 202 , and the elastic part 250 is always in a compressed state.
  • each group of fixed contacts 221 on the fixed contact part 220 is sequentially arranged in the sliding direction of the actuator part 240
  • each group of movable contacts 231 on the movable contact part 230 is also sequentially arranged in the sliding direction of the actuator part 240. Up, that is, up and down in the figure.
  • the contact box 200 in this embodiment also includes a restricting part for restricting the up and down sliding of the actuator part 240.
  • the restricting part is preferably located in the contact box 200 and cooperates with the left side wall of the contact box 200 to form a sliding slot, the execution part 240 is always located in the sliding slot, and in other examples, the restricting part can also be a guide rail structure.
  • a contact box 200 may also be provided with a mechanical device for keeping the contacts closed in an unpowered state, for example, a self-resetting mechanical button ( Through the first wall 201), by pressing the button to switch the power-on state, it is especially suitable for related operations during circuit fault inspection or equipment fault inspection.
  • a mechanical device for keeping the contacts closed in an unpowered state for example, a self-resetting mechanical button ( Through the first wall 201), by pressing the button to switch the power-on state, it is especially suitable for related operations during circuit fault inspection or equipment fault inspection.
  • the casing 100 in this embodiment provides the power source for the sliding of the actuator 240.
  • the specific structure is shown in Figure 3, which includes a bracket 120, a first spring 130, an electromagnet 140 and a movable part 150.
  • the specific movable part 150 is an armature swing rod, wherein the bracket 120 is vertically arranged in the casing 100, one end of the armature swing rod is hinged on the bracket 120, and one end of the armature swing rod is connected to the casing 100 through the first spring 130, and the electromagnet 140 It is located on the casing 100 and the armature swing rod is located above the electromagnet 140 .
  • the electromagnet 140 When the electromagnet 140 is energized, the armature swing rod can be attracted to realize the rotation of the armature swing rod.
  • first through slot 203 there is a first through slot 203 on the left side wall of the contact box 200 , a groove 246 is provided at the place near the first through slot 203 on the executive part 240 , and a groove 246 is provided near the first through slot 203 on the casing 100 .
  • the shape of the first through groove 203 matches the second through groove 101, the other end of the armature swing rod passes through the second through groove 101, the first through groove 203 and the groove 246 are plugged and fitted, and then the armature swing rod and the actuator are realized.
  • the connection of the part 240 further transforms the reciprocating swing of the armature swing rod into the up and down sliding of the actuator part 240 .
  • the casing 100 in this embodiment also includes a selection switch for adapting the voltage of the circuit connected to the electromagnet 140.
  • the selection switch is installed on the casing 100 to change the resistance value of the connected circuit.
  • the selection switch The available gears are determined according to the needs, as shown in the four pictures in Figure 8, in which the selection switch is a rotary switch, and the voltage corresponding to different numbers, for example, the original control circuit voltage is 12 volts, and it becomes 24 volts after transformation , if it is a general control relay, the original 12-volt relay must be replaced with a new 24-volt relay at this time, and this embodiment only needs to adjust the selector switch from "12" to "24” to use normally, avoiding The replacement of the relay greatly saves the cost.
  • the selection switch By turning the selection switch to change the resistance value of the connected circuit, when the external voltage changes, the appropriate voltage can still be selected for the coil through the corresponding voltage gear for normal use.
  • This embodiment provides an on-off controller, specifically a contactor, as shown in Figures 9 to 12, including a casing 300 and a detachable contact box 400.
  • the difference lies in the different connection methods and the different driving methods of the execution unit.
  • Other unrelated structures only need to be adaptively changed on the basis of Embodiment 1 or the existing technology.
  • the following content of this embodiment is mainly developed for the different points illustrate.
  • connection part 410 includes two connecting lock lugs 411, each of which is provided with a threaded hole or a through hole, and the casing 300 is provided with two ear seats 311, and each of the ear seats 311 is provided with a threaded hole Or through holes, the contact box 400 is fixedly installed on the casing 300 by means of, for example, bolts.
  • the contact box 400 further includes a fixed contact part 420, a movable contact part 430, an actuator part 440 and an elastic part 450;
  • the fixed contact portion 420 has more than one set of fixed contacts 421
  • the movable contact portion 430 has movable contacts 431 capable of contacting and separating from the set of more than one set of fixed contacts 421, and the fixed contacts matched with each other correspond to each other.
  • the head 421 and the movable contact 431 are preferably arranged up and down, and the actuator 440 acts on the movable contact 431 to make the movable contact 431 contact and separate from the fixed contact 421 to open and close different power paths;
  • the actuator part 440 is preferably a sliding actuator part 440, the movable contact 431 on the movable contact part 430 is arranged on the actuator part 440, the elastic part 450 is preferably a spring, and the actuator part 440 can press and slide while reciprocating up and down. Loosen the elastic portion 450 .
  • the contact box 400 in this embodiment is located above the casing 300 as a whole, the actuator part 440 is T-shaped, the actuator part 440 has a horizontal support part 441 and a vertical sliding part 442, and the movable contact part 430
  • the movable contacts 431 above are preferably distributed in a horizontal array on the support part 441, and the number of contact terminals can be set accordingly according to specific usage conditions, such as the three groups shown in Figure 10; the spring (elastic part) is sleeved on the sliding part 442, and the two ends of the spring abut against the support part 441 and the second wall 402 of the contact box 400 respectively, and the spring is always in a compressed state.
  • the casing 300 in this embodiment provides the power source for the sliding of the actuator 440.
  • the specific structure is shown in FIG.
  • the movable part 340 wherein the movable part 340 is an armature slider, and the armature slider slides up and down and is arranged in the chute 310, and the two ends of the second spring 320 are in contact with the electromagnet 330 and the armature slider respectively, wherein the sliding part 442
  • the lower end of the lower end passes through the contact box 400 (specifically, a second hole is provided on the contact box 400) and is connected with the armature slider, such as the clamping method of the inverted T-shaped block shown in Figure 9 .
  • the connection method of dovetail groove 350 can also be used to form a connection structure that is easy to disassemble, as shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the electromagnet 330 In the non-energized state, the electromagnet 330 does not produce an active force on the armature slider, and the armature slider remains on the uppermost end of the chute 310 under the action of the second spring 320, and the normally open contact in the fixed contact part 420 (can No) is connected to the circuit or the circuit is disconnected; in the energized state, the electromagnet 330 exerts a force on the armature slider, and the armature slider overcomes the action of the second spring 320 and slides to engage with the electromagnet 330.
  • the armature slider drives the execution part 440 to slide down as a whole, and the normally closed contact in the fixed contact part 420 is connected to the circuit; in this way, by controlling whether the electromagnet 330 is energized or not, the reciprocating sliding of the armature slider Transformed into sliding up and down of the actuator 440 , the movable contact 431 contacts and separates from the fixed contact 421 to open and close different current paths.
  • auxiliary normally open and normally closed contacts 460 may be provided to expand the contacts used as the conduction control loop.
  • the casing 300 in this embodiment also includes a selection switch for adapting the voltage of the circuit connected to the electromagnet 330.
  • the selection switch is installed on the casing 300 to change the resistance value of the connected circuit.
  • the selection switch The available gears are determined according to the needs, as shown in the three pictures in Figure 12, where the selector switch is a toggle switch, and the voltages corresponding to different numbers, such as the original main control circuit voltage of 110 volts, will be transformed into 220 volts, if it is a general contactor, at this time the original 110 volts contactor must be replaced with a new 220 volts contactor, and this embodiment only needs to select the selector switch to be "220" to use normally, avoiding The replacement of the contactor greatly saves the cost.
  • the selection switch By switching the selection switch to change the resistance value of the access circuit, when the external voltage changes, the appropriate voltage can still be selected for the coil through the corresponding voltage range for normal use.

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  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种低成本的电路通断控制器，其包括机壳和触点盒，触点盒包括固定触点部、可动触点部、执行部和连接部，触点盒通过连接部可拆卸地装配在机壳上，其中固定触点部具有一组以上的固定触头，可动触点部具有能够与该一组以上的固定触头接触和分离的可动触头，执行部作用于可动触头使可动触头与固定触头接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径。本发明具有集成度高、使用方便的优点，将触点部分进行模块化设计为触点盒，触点盒与机壳之间采用分体结构，二者可拆卸地连接在一起，使用时一旦因触点问题产生故障，无需更换整个通断控制器，只需直接替换新的触点盒即可恢复使用，大大降低电气维修的成本。

Description

一种低成本的电路通断控制器 技术领域
本发明属于电路通断控制设备技术领域，具体涉及一种低成本的电路通断控制器。
背景技术
现代制造业工厂中大量使用各种自动化控制设备，这些自动化设备的控制运行要用到大量的电气控制元器件，其中用得最多、最普遍、最通用的是各式各样的控制继电器和接触器，分别用于控制信号和电气动力回路的通断，从而使电路达到预期设定的各种控制逻辑。
通常，继电器和接触器的寿命一般取决于其电触点的寿命，一旦发生触点烧蚀或磨损，继电器和接触器的性能必将大受影响，这时要想恢复继电器或接触器的性能就要考虑修复或更换触点。现有的传统继电器和接触器，其电触点与继电器和接触器本体是连成一体的整体式结构，无法单独拆分更换，要更换触点就必须将继电器或接触器进行整体更换，导致用户使用成本的浪费。
此外，目前市售的继电器和接触器都只能对应单一输入电压，当电路发生改变使得输入电压产生变化时，原有硬件无法继续使用，造成资源的浪费。
发明内容
针对现有技术的缺陷，本发明提供一种低成本的电路通断控制器，将 触点部分进行模块化设计，触点盒与机壳之间采用分体结构，使用时一旦因触点问题产生故障，无需更换整个通断控制器，只需直接替换新的触点盒即可恢复使用，具有成本低、操作简单的优点。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种低成本的电路通断控制器，其包括机壳和触点盒，触点盒包括固定触点部、可动触点部、执行部和连接部，触点盒通过连接部可拆卸地装配在机壳上，其中固定触点部具有一组以上的固定触头，可动触点部具有能够与该一组以上的固定触头接触和分离的可动触头，执行部作用于可动触头使可动触头与固定触头接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，触点盒进一步包括用于复位执行部的弹性部。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，触点盒具有对向的第一壁和第二壁，执行部和弹性部位于第一壁与第二壁之间，其中执行部能够在第一壁与第二壁之间往复滑动的同时压紧和放松弹性部，可动触头设置于执行部上。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，固定触头和可动触头依次配置在执行部的滑动方向上。
本方案中可以具有两个或两个的固定触头，两个或两个以上的固定触头沿执行部滑动方向线性分布，和/或沿垂直于执行部滑动的方向线性分布；同时可以具有两个或两个以上的可动触头，两个或两个以上的可动触头沿执行部滑动方向线性分布，和/或沿垂直于执行部滑动的方向线性分布。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，触点盒进一步包括限制部，限制部位于触点盒内并与触点盒的外壁配合形成滑槽，执行部始终位于滑槽内。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，连接部与机壳之间插接配合、卡接配合、锁扣配合、磁性配合和/或螺纹配合连接。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，机壳上设有可动部，在触点盒的外壁上设有贯穿的第一通槽，其中可动部或执行部能够从第一通槽中穿出并且可动部与执行部之间可拆卸地连接在一起。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，在机壳内设有能够使可动部发生动作的电磁铁，电磁铁通电时能够驱动可动部动作以带动执行部。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，可动部以转动形式或者推拉形式驱动执行部动作。
作为本发明的另一种具体实施方式，还包括用于适配电磁铁所接入电路电压大小的选择开关，选择开关安装在机壳上作用切换所接入电路的电阻值的大小。
本发明具备以下有益效果：
本发明中将触点部分进行模块化设计，触点盒与机壳之间采用分体结构，二者可拆卸地连接在一起，使用时一旦因触点问题产生故障，无需更换整个通断控制器，只需直接替换新的触点盒即可恢复使用，可以更好的保留机壳部分尤其是电磁铁组件，减少废弃物的产生，进而大大降低而电气维修的成本。
本发明所提供的触点盒具有使用方便、集成度高的优点，触点盒通过连接部与通断控制器的机壳实现快速连接，便于装配和替换过程，所有的触点均位于触点盒内，整体结构紧凑，可动触点在触点盒的内部与固定触点进行接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径，模块化程度高，便于推广使用。
本发明中设置有选择开关，对不同的输入控制电压都能进行适应性的调整，无需更换不同电压等级的控制继电器或接触器，本发明可通过选择开关选择不同的输入控制电压，当电路电压发生改变依然可继续使用，无需更换新品，尤其在电柜改造升级时依旧可以使用，成本最优。
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
附图说明
图1是本发明通断控制器实施例1的结构示意图；
图2是本发明通断控制器实施例1的结构示意图；
图3是本发明通断控制器实施例1中机壳的结构示意图；
图4是图3的侧面示意图；
图5是本发明通断控制器实施例1中触点盒的结构示意图；
图6是图5的右侧面示意图，其显示了一种触点的分布情况；
图7是图5的右侧面示意图，其显示了另一种触点的分布情况；
图8是本发明通断控制器实施例1的电压选择示意图；
图9是本发明通断控制器实施例2的结构示意图；
图10是本发明通断控制器实施例2的结构示意图；
图11是本发明通断控制器实施例2中显示触点的示意图；
图12是本发明通断控制器实施例2中电压选择示意图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，需要理解的是，本发明的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或者位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或者位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明，并不是指示或者暗示所指的装置或者特征必须具有特定的方向、以特定的方位构造和操作，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，应对上述术语做广义的理解，不能理解为对本发明的限制；因此，本发明的保护范围并不限于下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种通断控制器，具体是一种继电器，如图1-8所示，包括机壳100和可拆卸的触点盒200；
机壳100提供安装结构以将整个通断控制器进行安装，本实施例中机壳100的安装结构适用于现有技术，这里不进行展开说明。
触点盒200提供可更换的触点，其中触点盒200上设有连接部210，在机壳100上设有连接配合部110，连接部210与机壳100之间可以采用插接配合、卡接配合、锁扣配合、磁性配合和/或螺纹配合连接等方式；
本实施例中连接部210包括两个连接锁耳211和一个具有螺纹孔的耳座212，在机壳100上设有两个连接锁槽111和一个螺纹孔112，先将两个连接锁耳211与两个连接锁槽111相配合，然后通过连接螺栓穿过两个螺纹孔进行锁紧，以实现将触点盒200固定安装在机壳100上，连接部210旨在将触点盒200安装在机壳100上，其他能够实现触点盒200与机壳100的安装方式亦可，这里不再进行列举。
触点盒200进一步包括固定触点部220、可动触点部230、执行部240和弹性部250；
其中固定触点部220具有一组以上的固定触头221，每组固定触头221均包括固定公共端触头221-1、固定常开触头221-2和固定常闭触头221-3；可动触点部230具有能够与该一组以上的固定触头221接触和分离的可动触头231，每组可动触头231均包括可动公共端触头231-1、可动常开触头231-2和可动常闭触头231-3。
执行部240作用于可动触头231使可动触头231与固定触头221接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径，其切换过程如图1-2所示，具体的，在图1中固定常闭触头221-3—可动常闭触头231-3—可动公共端触头231-1—固定公共端触头221-1形成通电回路，在执行部240的作用下可动触点部230发生动作，在图2中固定常开触头221-2—可动常开触头231-2—可动公共端触头 231-1—固定公共端触头221-1形成通电回路。
本实施例中可以根据具体使用情况设置不同的触点端子数量，如图6-7所示，其中图6中的结构适用于通过电流相对小的场合，其具有四组固定触头221和四组可动触头231，图7中的结构适用于通过电流相对大的场合，其具有两组固定触头221和两组可动触头231。
如图5所示，触点盒200整体呈现为方形，其具有上下对向的第一壁201与第二壁202，执行部240和弹性部250位于第一壁201与第二壁202之间，执行部240优选为滑动执行部，可动触点部230上的可动触头231设置于执行部240上，弹性部250优选为弹簧，执行部240能够从在第一壁201与第二壁202之间往复滑动的同时压紧和放松弹性部250。
相应的，在执行部240的下端设置有缺口槽241，弹性部250的一端位于缺口槽241中，弹性部250的另一端与第二壁202相抵接，并且弹性部250始终处于被压缩状态。
进一步的，固定触点部220上每组固定触头221依次配置在执行部240的滑动方向上，可动触点部230上每组可动触头231也依次配置在执行部240的滑动方向上，即图中的上下方向上。
再进一步的，本实施例中的触点盒200还包括限制部，用作限制执行部240的上下滑动，限制部优选位于触点盒200内并与触点盒200的左侧壁配合形成滑槽，执行部240始终位于滑槽内，在其他示例中，限制部还可以为导轨结构。
为了强制切换不同的通电路径，在本发明的其他示例中，还可以在触点盒200上设有触点无电状态闭合保持机械装置，例如在执行部240的上端设置自复位式机械按钮(穿出第一壁201)，通过按下该按钮实现切换通电状态，尤其适用于电路故障检查或者设备故障检查时进行相关操作。
本实施例中的机壳100提供执行部240进行滑动的动力源，具体结构如图3所示，其包括支架120、第一弹簧130、电磁铁140和可动部150，具体 的可动部150为衔铁摆杆，其中支架120竖直设置于机壳100内，衔铁摆杆的一端铰接在支架120上，并且衔铁摆杆的一端通过第一弹簧130连接在机壳100上，电磁铁140位于机壳100上并且衔铁摆杆位于电磁铁140的上方，在电磁铁140通电时能够吸合该衔铁摆杆以实现衔铁摆杆的转动。
具体的，在触点盒200的左侧壁具有第一通槽203，在执行部240靠近第一通槽203处设有凹槽246，在机壳100靠近第一通槽203处设有与第一通槽203形状相匹配的第二通槽101，衔铁摆杆的另一端穿过第二通槽101、第一通槽203与凹槽246进行插接配合，进而实现衔铁摆杆与执行部240的连接，进而将衔铁摆杆的往复摆动转变为执行部240的上下滑动。
本实施例中的机壳100中还包括用于适配电磁铁140所接入电路电压大小的选择开关，选择开关安装在机壳100上以改变所接入电路的电阻值的大小，选择开关可供选择的档位根据需求而定，具体如图8中的四幅图所示，其中选择开关为旋钮开关，不同数字所对应的电压，例如原控制电路电压12伏，改造后变为24伏，如果是一般的控制继电器，此时必须淘汰原来的12伏继电器改用新的24伏继电器，而本实施例只需将选择开关从“12”调节到“24”即可正常使用，避免了继电器的更换，极大节约成本。通过转动选择开关进而改变接入电路的阻值大小，当外部电压发生改变时依然可以通过对应的电压档位选取合适的电压供线圈以供正常使用。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种通断控制器，具体是一种接触器，如图9至图12所示，包括机壳300和可拆卸的触点盒400，本实施例与实施例1的主要区别在于连接方式不同和执行部的驱动方式不同，其他未涉及结构只需在实施例1或者现有技术的基础上进行适应性改变即可，本实施例的下述内容主要针对不同点进行展开说明。
其中触点盒400上设有连接部410，在机壳300上设有连接配合部，触 点盒400与机壳300之间采用螺纹配合连接，如图9所示，本实施例中连接部410包括两个连接锁耳411，在每个连接锁耳411上均开设有螺纹孔或通孔，在机壳300上设有两个耳座311，每个耳座311上均开设有螺纹孔或通孔，通过例如螺栓的方式将触点盒400固定安装在机壳300上。
触点盒400进一步包括固定触点部420、可动触点部430、执行部440和弹性部450；
其中固定触点部420具有一组以上的固定触头421，可动触点部430具有能够与该一组以上的固定触头421接触和分离的可动触头431，相互对应配合的固定触头421和可动触头431之间优选上下设置，执行部440作用于可动触头431使可动触头431与固定触头421接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径；
执行部440优选为滑动执行部440，可动触点部430上的可动触头431设置于执行部440上，弹性部450优选为弹簧，执行部440能够在上下往复滑动的同时压紧和放松弹性部450。
进一步的，本实施例中的触点盒400整体位于机壳300的上方，执行部440呈T形，执行部440具有水平的支撑部441和竖向的滑动部442，可动触点部430上的可动触头431优选水平阵列分布在支撑部441上，触点端子数量可以根据具体使用情况进行相应设置，例如图10中示出的三组的情况；弹簧(弹性部)套在滑动部442上，并且弹簧的两端分别与支撑部441、触点盒400的第二壁402相抵接，弹簧始终处于被压缩状态。
再进一步的，本实施例中的机壳300提供执行部440进行滑动的动力源，具体结构如图9所示，在机壳300内设有滑槽310、第二弹簧320、电磁铁330和可动部340，其中可动部340为衔铁滑块，衔铁滑块上下滑动设置于滑槽310中，第二弹簧320的两端分别与电磁铁330、衔铁滑块相抵接，其中滑动部442的下端从触点盒400中穿出(具体在触点盒400上设有第二孔部)与衔铁滑块之间相连接，具体例如图9所示出的倒T形块的卡接方式， 在其他示例中，还可以采用燕尾槽350的连接方式，以形成方便拆卸的连接结构，如图10所示。
在未通电状态下，电磁铁330不对衔铁滑块产生作用力，在第二弹簧320的作用下衔铁滑块保持在滑槽310的最上端，固定触点部420中的常开触头(可以没有)被接入电路中去或者电路断开；在通电状态下，电磁铁330对衔铁滑块产生作用力，衔铁滑块克服第二弹簧320的作用滑动至与电磁铁330吸合，此时衔铁滑块带动执行部440整体向下滑动，固定触点部420中的常闭触头被接入电路中去；如此，通过控制电磁铁330的通电与否，进而将衔铁滑块的往复滑动转变为执行部440的上下滑动，实现可动触头431与固定触头421接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径。
如图11所示，本实施例中还可以设有一组以上的辅助常开常闭触点460，以扩展作为导通控制回路的触头进行使用。
本实施例中的机壳300中还包括用于适配电磁铁330所接入电路电压大小的选择开关，选择开关安装在机壳300上以改变所接入电路的电阻值的大小，选择开关可供选择的档位根据需求而定，具体如图12中的三幅图所示，其中选择开关为拨档开关，不同数字所对应的电压，例如原主控制电路电压110伏，改造后变为220伏，如果是一般的接触器，此时必须淘汰原来的110伏接触器改用新的220伏接触器，而本实施例只需将选择开关选择为“220”即可正常使用，避免了接触器的更换，极大节约成本。通过切换选择开关进而改变接入电路的阻值大小，当外部电压发生改变时依然可以通过对应的电压档位选取合适的电压供线圈以供正常使用。
虽然本发明以较佳实施例揭露如上，但并非用以限定本发明实施的范围。任何本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的发明范围内，当可作些许的改进，即凡是依照本发明所做的同等改进，应为本发明的范围所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，包括机壳和触点盒，所述触点盒包括固定触点部、可动触点部、执行部和连接部，所述触点盒通过所述连接部可拆卸地装配在所述机壳上，其中所述固定触点部具有一组以上的固定触头，所述可动触点部具有能够与该一组以上的固定触头接触和分离的可动触头，所述执行部作用于所述可动触头使所述可动触头与所述固定触头接触和分离以开闭不同的通电路径。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述触点盒进一步包括用于复位所述执行部的弹性部。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述触点盒具有对向的第一壁和第二壁，所述执行部和所述弹性部位于所述第一壁与所述第二壁之间，其中所述执行部能够在所述第一壁与所述第二壁之间往复滑动的同时压紧和放松所述弹性部，所述可动触头设置于所述执行部上。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述固定触头和所述可动触头依次配置在所述执行部的滑动方向上。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述触点盒进一步包括限制部，所述限制部位于所述触点盒内并与所述触点盒的外壁配合形成滑槽，所述执行部始终位于所述滑槽内。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述连接部与所述机壳之间插接配合、卡接配合、锁扣配合、磁性配合和/或螺纹配合连接。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述机壳上设有可动部，在所述触点盒的外壁上设有贯穿的第一通槽，其中所述可动部或所述执行部能够从所述第一通槽中穿出并且所述可动部与所述执行部之间可拆卸地连接在一起。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，在所述机壳内设有能够使所述可动部发生动作的电磁铁，所述电磁铁通电时能够驱动所述可动部动作以带动所述执行部。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，所述可动部以转动形式或者推拉形式驱动所述执行部动作。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的低成本的电路通断控制器，其特征在于，还包括用于适配所述电磁铁所接入电路电压大小的选择开关，所述选择开关安装在所述机壳上作用切换所接入电路的电阻值的大小。
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