WO2022267236A1 - 一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统 - Google Patents

一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022267236A1
WO2022267236A1 PCT/CN2021/118185 CN2021118185W WO2022267236A1 WO 2022267236 A1 WO2022267236 A1 WO 2022267236A1 CN 2021118185 W CN2021118185 W CN 2021118185W WO 2022267236 A1 WO2022267236 A1 WO 2022267236A1
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module
biochemical treatment
water
internet
aquatic plant
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PCT/CN2021/118185
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱静丽
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海南掌上天下网络技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2022267236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022267236A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/80—Feeding devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/06—Arrangements for heating or lighting in, or attached to, receptacles for live fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of intelligent breeding, in particular to an Internet-based container aquaculture system.
  • the container aquaculture system is divided into two mainstream directions, namely the land-based push aquaculture system and the one-to-two aquaculture system.
  • Land-based aquaculture technology is a new facility culture technology. Relying on traditional culture ponds, the circulation box continuously circulates with the culture ponds, and uses methods such as centralized aeration, inclined surface sewage collection, and cyclone separation to improve dissolved oxygen in the water body and maintain Aquaculture water quality, complete the ecological cycle of the water body.
  • Fish and shrimp are cultured at high density in the breeding box, and fresh water from the pond is continuously sterilized by ozone and flows into the push water tank.
  • the culture wastewater in the push water tank passes through a microfilter to remove suspended particles and flows into the pond, and the culture water passes through the pond (cultivation of a small amount of filter-feeding fish After purification (the main function of the pond is to become a wetland ecological pool without feeding materials), it is pumped back into the container by the water pump to complete a cycle, and so on.
  • the difference between the one-to-two aquaculture technology and the roadbed push aquaculture technology is that it no longer needs to rely on ponds for water purification, but uses a container connected in series with the aquaculture container as the water purification equipment, and the biochemical treatment container is used to biochemically clean the water body.
  • the pollutants in the aquaculture water are generally treated by the bacteria on the set up bacteria bed, so as to decompose the ammonia, nitrogen, phosphate and other substances produced by the feces of aquatic products and residual bait, and the bacteria bed is generally stacked Bacteria houses and other equipment for bacterial reproduction, the upper layer of the bacteria house cultivates aerobic bacteria, and the lower layer cultivates anaerobic bacteria.
  • This method has the following disadvantages: 1.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an Internet-based container aquaculture system, which includes: a culture module, a physical filtration module, a biochemical treatment module, an aquatic plant module, an automatic feeding module, a weather prediction module and a central control module;
  • the water body sequentially passes through the cultivation module, physical filtration module, biochemical treatment module and aquatic plant module, and finally returns to the cultivation module to form a cycle;
  • the central control module is connected with the weather forecast module and the automatic feeding module respectively, and the weather forecast module is connected with the Internet and sends the received weather forecast information to the central control module, and the central control module controls the feeding amount of the automatic feeding module by judging the weather forecast information ;
  • At least one base surface is set in the biochemical treatment module, and a fluff layer is set on the base surface, and the water body flows through the fluff layer when passing through the biochemical treatment module.
  • the biochemical treatment module includes a biochemical treatment box, in which a water distributor and a plurality of substrates arranged parallel to each other are arranged, the two sides of the substrates are base surfaces, and a fluff layer is arranged on the base surface, and after The water body of the biochemical treatment module is distributed through the water distributor to evenly pass through the fluff layers on the plurality of substrates.
  • the biochemical treatment module is a water pipe connecting the physical filtration module and the aquatic plant module, the water pipe is a biochemical treatment pipe, the inner wall of the biochemical treatment pipe is a base surface, and a fluff layer is arranged on the base surface.
  • water diversion valves are provided at the water inlet ends of the plurality of biochemical treatment pipes
  • water collection valves are provided at the ends of the plurality of water pipes.
  • the thickness of the fluff layer is greater than 5 cm.
  • the physical filtration module is a solid-liquid separator, and the physical filtration module is externally connected to a sedimentation tank.
  • a plurality of algal plates are arranged in the aquatic plant module, and the aquatic plant module allows natural light to be taken in.
  • the aquatic plant module is provided with a supplementary light, and the supplementary light is controlled by the central control module.
  • the cultivation module includes a plurality of cultivation containers connected in series, and the cultivation containers directly connected with the aquatic plant modules are seedling boxes.
  • the treatment effect is better, the pollutants are absorbed and decomposed more comprehensively, and the amount of feeding is controlled by judging the weather in the next few days, so that the pollutant discharge and The processing capacity of the system is relatively balanced, which can prevent the over-nutrition of the water body from reducing the water quality of aquatic products, and the control is more intelligent.
  • the biochemical treatment module of the present invention has higher processing efficiency and relatively less investment.
  • aquatic plant module By setting the aquatic plant module, it can not only assist the biochemical treatment module, but also provide additional nutrients such as microorganisms for the breeding module, increase the diversity of aquatic product bait, and increase the quality of aquatic products.
  • Fig. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a biochemical treatment module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the biochemical treatment module in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a kind of container aquaculture system based on Internet, it comprises:
  • a farming module used to grow aquatic products can be a container or other large containers;
  • a physical filtration module which is used to filter particulate impurities in the water body, the physical filtration module is preferably a solid-liquid separator or a microfilter, etc.;
  • Biochemical treatment module the biochemical treatment module is used to cultivate bacteria to carry out biochemical treatment of water
  • Aquatic plant module which can use natural light to cultivate aquatic plants and microorganisms, and work together with the biochemical treatment module to biochemically treat water bodies;
  • Automatic feeding module which is a common equipment in the intelligent aquaculture system in the prior art. There are many types and models to choose from, and it can be configured according to needs;
  • Weather forecasting module this module is a data receiving device, and it is connected with Internet and is used for receiving the weather information of several days in the future;
  • Central control module which is used to control the supplementary light and automatic feeding module in the breeding system
  • the water body sequentially passes through the cultivation module, physical filtration module, biochemical treatment module and aquatic plant module, and finally returns to the cultivation module to form a cycle;
  • the central control module is connected with the weather forecast module and the automatic feeding module respectively, and the weather forecast module is connected with the Internet and sends the received weather forecast information to the central control module, and the central control module controls the feeding amount of the automatic feeding module by judging the weather forecast information;
  • the working principle of the present invention is that the aquaculture module is used to aquaculture aquatic products, and the feces and residual bait of aquatic products enter the physical filtration module along with the water flow, and the filtered water further enters the biochemical treatment module for biochemical filtration to reduce the content of pollutants, and then enters The aquatic plant module absorbs and decomposes water pollutants again, and finally returns to the aquaculture module to complete a cycle to keep the water clean;
  • the weather prediction module receives the weather information in the next few days through the Internet, and sends the weather information to the central control module.
  • the central control module judges the feeding amount through the weather information in the next few days and controls the automatic feeding module to feed.
  • the cultivation module, the physical filtration module, the biochemical treatment module, and the aquatic plant module are sequentially connected in series to form a water circulation loop;
  • the breeding module is connected in series with the same multiple breeding containers in the prior art, and the container directly connected to the aquatic plant module is a seedling box. Filter-feeding aquatic products;
  • the physical treatment module is a solid-liquid separator, which separates and filters solid impurities in the water body, and the filtered circulating water enters the biochemical treatment module, and the solid-liquid separator is connected to a sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank collects feces and residual bait for reuse;
  • At least one base surface is set in the biochemical treatment module, and a fluff layer is set on the base surface, and the water body flows through the fluff layer when passing through the biochemical treatment module;
  • the biochemical treatment module is also a container, It has a built-in water distributor 3 and a plurality of substrates 1 arranged parallel to each other.
  • the two sides of the substrate 1 are base surfaces, and a fluff layer 2 composed of dense fluff is arranged on the base surface.
  • the fluff layer 2 is provided with 50-100 fluffs per square centimeter. For fiber filaments with a length greater than 5 cm, the water body passing through the biochemical treatment module passes through the water distribution device 3 to evenly pass through the fluff layers 3 on the plurality of substrates 1 .
  • the base plate 1 is arranged vertically so that the water can flow through the fluff layers 2 on both sides of the base plate 1 , which is better than the inclined or horizontal arrangement of the base plate 1 .
  • the aquatic plant module is also a container container with multiple algae boards inside. Fast-growing aquatic plants with roots or lower algae are planted on the algae boards.
  • the top and side walls of the container are transparent to allow natural light to enter, and natural light can be used to promote Plants in this module grow, and in addition, aquatic microorganisms are introduced into this module through artificial or plant-carrying. Fresh water can be introduced into daphnia, paramecium, etc., and marine culture can be introduced into copepods and other organisms.
  • the algae board in the module can be set up in a single layer, and a supplementary light is set up on the top of the cabinet;
  • a multi-layer algae board is provided, and a supplementary light is arranged above each layer of algae board, and the supplementary light located in the box is a diving light.
  • the automatic feeding module, the weather forecasting module, and the central control module are all equipment in the prior art.
  • the central control module is used to control the automatic feeding module and the supplementary light.
  • this embodiment also includes but is not limited to a sterilization module and an oxygenation module. and temperature control modules, these modules are commonly used equipment for aquaculture in the prior art, and are all controlled by the central control module to realize automatic farming.
  • the working principle of this embodiment is that the weather prediction module receives the weather information in the next few days, and judges the information. If the natural light is good the next day, it will control the automatic feeding module to feed in full, and if the natural light is poor the next day, then reduce the amount of food. In case of bad weather with continuous natural light for many days, reduce the amount of feeding and control the supplementary light to supplement the light.
  • the aquatic products in the breeding module will produce metabolic waste and residual bait will be physically filtered through the solid-liquid separator to remove solid pollutants. After separation, it is sent to the sedimentation tank for collection and reuse.
  • the sewage continues to move to the biochemical treatment module. After entering the biochemical treatment module, the sewage is evenly distributed on the top of each substrate 1 through the water distributor.
  • the fluff layer 2 on both sides, the part of the fluff layer 2 close to the substrate 1 is an anaerobic layer, which is used to cultivate anaerobic bacteria, and the part far away from the substrate 1 is an aerobic layer, which is used to cultivate aerobic bacteria, such as the aerobic bacteria in aquaculture.
  • an aerobic layer which is used to cultivate aerobic bacteria, such as the aerobic bacteria in aquaculture.
  • the bacteria in the aerobic layer decompose ammonia nitrogen into nitrite and further decompose it into nitrate, while the bacteria in the anaerobic layer further convert nitrate into nitrogen to remove the water body to complete the basic purification of water quality.
  • the biochemical treatment module After the circulating water is purified by the biochemical treatment module, it continues to flow into the aquatic plant module. In this module, the remaining pollutants in the water body are further absorbed, so that the pollutants in the water body are kept at a lower level, ensuring good water quality for the growth of aquatic products.
  • the preferred algae board in this module is planted with lower algae, and its growth rate and water purification speed are better than higher aquatic plants.
  • the cultivation of aquatic microorganisms in this module can not only further purify the water quality (residual trace organic matter after physical filtration or solid particles), it can also return to the culture module with water circulation to provide additional nutrition for the seedling boxes directly connected to it.
  • the substrates in the biochemical treatment module are detachable. During maintenance, only one of the substrates needs to be taken out for cleaning and then reinstalled. After half a month, a mature substrate can be formed again. flora, so it should be cleaned in such a way as to avoid cleaning all substrates in a short period of time.
  • the supplementary light can also be turned on manually through the central control module, that is, the maintenance of the biochemical treatment module will weaken the processing capacity. It is necessary to turn on the supplementary light to enhance the processing efficiency of the aquatic plant module, so that the overall processing capacity of the system is relatively stable.
  • the aquatic plant module Due to the installation of the aquatic plant module, its internal ecology is relatively stable, so its internal flora species are relatively stable.
  • the biochemical treatment module is cleaned regularly and each substrate is independent of each other.
  • the flora on the substrate is out of balance, after the After cleaning, the substrate can obtain sufficient types of bacteria from the circulating water and attach to it, so as to restore the unbalanced flora on the substrate.
  • the biochemical treatment module is a water pipe connecting the physical filtration module and the aquatic plant module
  • the water pipe is a biochemical treatment pipe 4
  • the inner wall of the biochemical treatment pipe 4 is the base surface
  • the fluff layer 2 is arranged on the base surface
  • the water body enters the biochemical treatment pipe 4 after being physically filtered by the physical treatment module.
  • the biochemical treatment pipe 4 can be set to a plurality of increased processing efficiency, the water inlet end of a plurality of biochemical treatment pipes 4 is provided with a water diversion valve 4, and the end of a plurality of biochemical treatment pipes 4 is provided with a water collection valve 6, which is divided into The water valve 4 distributes the circulating water to each biochemical treatment pipe 4 for biochemical treatment, and the water collecting valve 6 collects the treated circulating water of each biochemical treatment pipe 4 and inputs it into the next module.
  • valves are set at the first and last ends of the biochemical treatment pipe 4, and valves are also set on its main road, and an external interface is set at the position between the main pipe valve and the biochemical treatment pipe 4, This facilitates the cleaning and maintenance of the biochemical treatment module.
  • all valves are closed, and the valves at both ends of the biochemical treatment tube 4 are opened separately, and the input and output are respectively through the two external interfaces on the main line. Cleaning agent, after cleaning, rinse with clean water and resume use again.
  • Example 1 has a relatively more efficient biochemical treatment capacity, and it has a larger treatment area.
  • the biochemical treatment module in Example 1 occupies a larger area and requires higher investment, which is suitable for aquatic products with larger scale and density. Breeding;
  • the substrate 1 in the first embodiment is replaced by the biochemical treatment tube 4, which occupies a small area and has low investment, and is suitable for aquaculture on a general scale.
  • the biochemical module in the above two implementations has more advantages than the equipment for bacterial reproduction such as stacking bacteria houses in the prior art to cultivate the flora.
  • the investment is relatively small, the biochemical treatment efficiency is higher, and due to the fluff layer
  • the setting of the dead microorganisms can still be attached to the fluff layer, and the suspended pollutants in the water body can be reduced when the biochemical treatment module is maintained, and the fluff layer can also be used as an additional physical filter device to reduce particles in the water body content of pollutants.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，在本系统中水体依次经过养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块和水生植物模块最后回流至养殖模块形成循环；中央控制模块分别与天气预测模块与自动喂食模块连接，天气预测模块与互联网连接并将接收的天气预报信息发送至中央控制模块，中央控制模块通过判断天气预报信息控制自动喂食模块的喂食量；生化处理模块内至少设置一个基面，基面上设置绒毛层，水体在经过生化处理模块时从绒毛层流过。以生化处理模块和水生植物模块作为生化处理的核心其处理效果更佳，并且通过对未来几日天气的判断来控制投喂量，使污染物排放量与系统处理量相对保持平衡，能够防止水体过营养化降低水产品养殖水质。

Description

一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统 技术领域
本发明涉及智能养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统。
 背景技术
目前集装箱水产养殖系统分为两个主流方向，分别为陆基推水养殖系统和一拖二式养殖系统。
陆基推水养殖技术是一种新型的设施养殖技术，循环箱以传统养殖池为依托，不断与养殖池循环，利用集中曝气、斜面集污、旋流分离等方式提高水体溶氧、保持养殖水质，完成水体的生态循环。
养殖箱内高密度养殖鱼虾，不断有池塘新水经过臭氧杀菌流至推水箱中，推水箱中的养殖废水经微滤机，去除悬浮颗粒流入池塘，养殖水体经过池塘（养殖少量滤食性鱼类）的净化后（池塘主要功能变为湿地生态池，不投料）再被水泵抽回集装箱，完成一次循环，如此循环往复。
 技术问题
但路基推水养殖技术需要依托池塘水体，且北方冬季温控耗能大，其地理环境限制较为明显，更适合雨水充沛湖泊众多的南方地区。
一拖二式养殖技术与路基推水养殖技术的区别在于，其不再需要依托池塘进行水体净化，而是使用一个与养殖集装箱串联的集装箱作为水体净化设备，通过该生化处理集装箱对水体进行生化处理，而养殖水体中的污染物一般是通过设置的菌床上的细菌进行处理，以此将水产品的粪便以及残饵产生的氨、氮、磷酸盐等物质进行分解，其菌床一般为堆叠细菌屋等供细菌繁殖的器材，上层细菌屋培养好氧菌，下层培养厌氧菌，这种方式具有如下缺点：1.需要较大的占地面积，同体积生化处理集装箱其处理能力有限，堆叠大量生化滤材初始投资较高，2.由于长期使用可能会导致菌群退化或者杂菌占据优势后导致菌群失衡，因此需要定期检测并补充菌种，3.循环水即使经过物理过滤也依然会残留少量杂质，这些杂质在生化处理部分会逐渐沉淀附着在菌床上，再加上菌床上细菌的死亡产生的尸体，产生的沉积会逐渐覆盖菌床，因此菌床需要定期清洗，但在清洗时需要将菌床上的培菌器材取出清洗，而在取出时则会翻动菌床底部沉积，导致再次污染水体。
因此如何设计一种更加智能高效的集装箱式水产养殖系统变得尤为重要。
 技术解决方案
本发明的主要目的是提供一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其包括：养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块、水生植物模块、自动喂食模块、天气预测模块以及中央控制模块；
水体依次经过养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块和水生植物模块最后回流至养殖模块形成循环；
中央控制模块分别与天气预测模块与自动喂食模块连接，所述天气预测模块与互联网连接并将接收的天气预报信息发送至中央控制模块，中央控制模块通过判断天气预报信息控制自动喂食模块的喂食量；
所述生化处理模块内至少设置一个基面，所述基面上设置绒毛层，水体在经过生化处理模块时从绒毛层流过。
其中，所述生化处理模块包括生化处理箱，所述生化处理箱内设置布水器、多个相互平行设置的基板，所述基板的两面为基面，所述基面上设置绒毛层，经过所述生化处理模块的水体经过布水器的分流均匀的经过多个所述基板上的所述绒毛层。
其中，所述生化处理模块为连接所述物理过滤模块与所述水生植物模块的水管，该水管为生化处理管，所述生化处理管内壁为基面，所述基面上设置绒毛层。
其中，所述生化处理管为多个，多个所述生化处理管的进水端设置分水阀，多个所述水管的末端设置集水阀。
其中，所述绒毛层厚度大于5厘米。
其中，所述物理过滤模块为固液分离器，所述物理过滤模块外接沉淀池。
其中，所述水生植物模块内设置多个藻板，所述水生植物模块允许自然光摄入。
其中，所述水生植物模块设置补光灯，所述补光灯由所述中央控制模块控制。
其中，所述养殖模块包括多个串联的养殖集装箱，与所述水生植物模块直接相连的养殖集装箱为苗箱。
 有益效果
本发明的有益效果是：
1.以生化处理模块和水生植物模块作为生化处理的核心，其处理效果更佳，污染物吸收分解更加全面，并且通过对未来几日天气的判断来控制投喂量，使污染物排放量与系统处理量相对保持平衡，能够防止水体过营养化降低水产品养殖水质，控制更加智能。
2.相较于现有技术本发明的生化处理模块处理效率更高，投资相对较少。
3.通过设置水生植物模块不仅能够辅助生化处理模块进行，还能够为养殖模块提供微生物等额外养料，增加水产品饵料多样性，增加水产品品质。
4.通过判断未来几日天气信息控制补光灯工作，维持系统处理能力，使本系统更佳智能。
 附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是本发明的方块图；
图2是本发明实施例一生化处理模块的内部结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例二生化处理模块的内部结构示意图。
附图标记说明
1、基板，2、绒毛层，3、布水器，4、生化处理管，5、分水阀，6、集水阀。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
如图1所示，本发明提供一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其包括：
用来养殖水产品的养殖模块，该养殖模块可为集装箱，亦或者其他大型容器；
物理过滤模块，该模块用来过滤水体中的颗粒杂质，该物理过滤模块优选为固液分离器或者微滤机等；
生化处理模块，该生化处理模块用于培养细菌对水体进行生化处理；
水生植物模块，该模块可利用自然光培养水生植物以及微生物，与生化处理模块共同作用对水体进行生化处理；
自动喂食模块，该模块为现有技术中的智能水产养殖系统中常见的设备，可选种类型号很多，可按需自行配置；
天气预测模块，该模块为一数据接收装置，其与互联网连接用于接收未来几日天气信息；
中央控制模块，该模块用于控制本养殖系统内的补光灯和自动喂食模块；
在本系统中，水体依次经过养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块和水生植物模块最后回流至养殖模块形成循环；
中央控制模块分别与天气预测模块与自动喂食模块连接，天气预测模块与互联网连接并将接收的天气预报信息发送至中央控制模块，中央控制模块通过判断天气预报信息控制自动喂食模块的喂食量；
本发明的工作原理为，养殖模块用来养殖水产品，水产品的粪便与残饵随着水流进入物理过滤模块，经过过滤的水体进一步进入生化处理模块进行生化过滤降低污染物含量，之后再进入水生植物模块内再次对水体污染物进行吸收分解，最后回流至养殖模块内完成一个循环保持水体清洁；
天气预测模块通过互联网接收未来几日天气信息，并将该天气信息输送至中央控制模块，中央控制模块通过未来几日天气信息判断投喂量并控制自动喂食模块进行投喂。
实施例一
在本实施例中，养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块、水生植物模块依次串联形成水循环回路；
其中，养殖模块为与现有技术中相同的多个养殖集装箱进行串联，与水生植物模块直接相连的集装箱为苗箱，需要说明的是苗箱不仅可以养殖鱼苗，其同样适合养殖小型水产品或滤食性水产品；
物理处理模块为固液分离器，将水体中的固体杂质进行分离过滤，过滤后的循环水进入生化处理模块，并且固液分离器外接沉淀池，沉淀池将粪便与残饵收集再利用；
生化处理模块内至少设置一个基面，基面上设置绒毛层，水体在经过生化处理模块时从绒毛层流过；在本实施例中，如图2所示，该生化处理模块同样为集装箱，其内置布水器3、多个相互平行设置的基板1，基板1的两面为基面，基面上设置密集的绒毛构成的绒毛层2，该绒毛层2每平方厘米内设置50-100根长度大于5厘米的纤维丝，经过生化处理模块的水体经过布水器3的分流均匀的经过多个基板1上的绒毛层3。
其中优选的是，基板1竖直设置，可使水流流经基板1两侧的绒毛层2，这种设置方式优于基板1倾斜或水平设置。
水生植物模块同样为一个集装箱式容器，其内部设置多个藻板，藻板上种植速生有根类水生植物或者低等藻，该集装箱顶部以及侧壁透明允许自然光线射入，可利用自然光促进该模块内的植物生长，此外该模块内通过人工或植物携带引入水生微生物，淡水可引入水蚤、草履虫等，海水养殖可引入桡足类等生物。
该模块内的藻板可为单层平铺设置，并于箱体顶部架设补光灯；
优选的为设置多层藻板，每层藻板上方均配置补光灯，位于箱体内的补光灯为潜水灯。
自动喂食模块、天气预测模块、中央控制模块，均为现有技术中的设备，中央控制模块用于控制自动喂食模块以及补光灯，此外本实施例还包括但不限于杀菌模块、增氧模块和温控模块，这些模块均为现有技术中水产养殖常用设备，并且均由中央控制模块控制实现自动化养殖。
本实施例的工作原理为，天气预测模块接收未来几日天气信息，将该信息进行判断，如次日自然光照良好则控制自动喂食模块全量喂食，如次日自然光照较差则减量喂食，如遇多日连续自然光照欠佳天气则减量喂食并控制补光灯进行补光，经过喂食后养殖模块内的水产品产生代谢废物以及残饵经过固液分离器进行物理过滤，固体污染物经分离后输入沉淀池进行收集再利用，污水继续移动至生化处理模块，进入生化处理模块后经过布水器将污水均匀的分布于各个基板1上方，污水沿着基板1下流的过程中流经其两侧的绒毛层2，绒毛层2靠近基板1的部分为厌氧层，用于培养厌氧菌，其远离基板1的部分为好养层，用来培养好氧菌，例如水产养殖中的氨氮循环中，好养层中的菌群将氨氮分解成亚硝酸盐再进一步分解成硝酸盐，而厌氧层的菌群将硝酸盐进一步转化成氮气排除水体完成水质的基本净化。
循环水在经过生化处理模块的净化后继续流入水生植物模块，在该模块中水体中的剩余污染物被进一步吸收，使水体中的污染物位置在较低水平，保证水产品生长水质良好，在本模块中优选的藻板上种植低等藻类，其生长速度以及水质净化速度均优于高等水生植物，此外在该模块内养殖水生微生物，不仅可进一步净化水质（物理过滤后残留的微量有机物或固体颗粒），还可随着水循环返回养殖模块为与其直接连接的苗箱提供额外营养。
此外，在本实施例中，该生化处理模块中的基板是可拆卸设置，在维护时仅需要取出其中一个基板进行清洁后再次安回即可，在经过半个月后即可再次形成成熟的菌群，因此其清洁方式应避免短期内清洁所有基板。
同时，补光灯还可通过中央控制模块手动开启，即在生化处理模块进行维护使其处理能力减弱，需要开启补光灯增强水生植物模块的处理效率，使系统处理能力总体相对稳定。
由于设置了水生植物模块，其内部生态较为稳定，因此其内部菌群种类较为稳定，同时配合定期对生化处理模块进行清洁且每个基板相互独立，当基板上的菌群出现失衡后，在经过清洁后该基板可从新从循环水中获得足够种类的菌类并附着其上，恢复该基板上失衡的菌群。
实施例二
本实施例与实施例一的不同之处在于，如图3所示，生化处理模块为连接物理过滤模块与水生植物模块的水管，该水管为生化处理管4，生化处理管4内壁为基面，基面上设置绒毛层2，水体经过物理处理模块的物理过滤后进入生化处理管4内，该生化处理管4内壁上的绒毛层2与实施例一的工作原理相同，对水体进行处理。
为了增加养殖密度，可将生化处理管4设置为多个增加处理效率，多个生化处理管4的进水端设置分水阀4，多个生化处理管4的末端设置集水阀6，分水阀4将循环水分流至各个生化处理管4中进行生化处理，集水阀6将各个生化处理管4处理后的循环水集中并输入下一模块中。
在本实施例中，如图3所示，在生化处理管4首尾端均设置阀门，且在其主管路上同样设置阀门，并且在主管路阀门与生化处理管4之间的位置设置外接接口，如此方便生化处理模块的清洁维护，当其中一个生化处理管4需要维护时，则关闭所有阀门，单独开启该生化处理管4的两端阀门，并通过主管路上的两个外接接口分别输入和输出清洁剂，清洁后使用清水冲洗干净后再次恢复使用即可。
综上所述，实施例一具有相对更高效的生化处理能力，其具备更大的处理面积，实施例一中的生化处理模块占地较大投资较高，适合更大规模和密度的水产品养殖；
相对的，实施例二通过生化处理管4代替实施例一中的基板1，其占地面积小，投资较低，适合一般规模的水产品养殖。
但上述两种实施方式中生化模块相对于现有技术中堆叠细菌屋等供细菌繁殖的器材用来培养菌群均更具优势，例如投资相对较少，生化处理效率更高，并且由于绒毛层的设置可使死亡的微生物尸体依旧附着在绒毛层上，在对生化处理模块进行维护时，可降低水体中的悬浮污染物，并且该绒毛层同样可作为一道额外的物理过滤设备降低水体中颗粒污染物的含量。
显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，包括：养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块、水生植物模块、自动喂食模块、天气预测模块以及中央控制模块；
    水体依次经过养殖模块、物理过滤模块、生化处理模块和水生植物模块最后回流至养殖模块形成循环；
    中央控制模块分别与天气预测模块、自动喂食模块连接，所述天气预测模块与互联网连接并将接收的天气预报信息发送至中央控制模块，中央控制模块通过判断天气预报信息控制自动喂食模块的喂食量；
    所述生化处理模块内至少设置一个基面，所述基面上设置绒毛层，水体在经过生化处理模块时从绒毛层流过。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述生化处理模块包括生化处理箱，所述生化处理箱内设置布水器、多个相互平行设置的基板，所述基板的两面为基面，所述基面上设置绒毛层，经过所述生化处理模块的水体经过布水器的分流均匀的经过多个所述基板上的所述绒毛层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述生化处理模块为连接所述物理过滤模块与所述水生植物模块的水管，该水管为生化处理管，所述生化处理管内壁为基面，所述基面上设置绒毛层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述生化处理管为多个，多个所述生化处理管的进水端设置分水阀，多个所述生化处理管的末端设置集水阀。
  5. 根据权利要求2至4任一所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述绒毛层厚度大于5厘米。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述物理过滤模块为固液分离器，所述物理过滤模块外接沉淀池。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述水生植物模块内设置多个藻板，所述水生植物模块允许自然光摄入。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述水生植物模块设置补光灯，所述补光灯由所述中央控制模块控制。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的基于互联网的集装箱水产养殖系统，其特征在于，所述养殖模块包括多个串联的养殖集装箱，与所述水生植物模块直接相连的养殖集装箱为苗箱。
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