WO2022265466A1 - 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 - Google Patents
고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022265466A1 WO2022265466A1 PCT/KR2022/008682 KR2022008682W WO2022265466A1 WO 2022265466 A1 WO2022265466 A1 WO 2022265466A1 KR 2022008682 W KR2022008682 W KR 2022008682W WO 2022265466 A1 WO2022265466 A1 WO 2022265466A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polymer
- water
- containing gel
- gel polymer
- drying
- Prior art date
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- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 133
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 223
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 190
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 157
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 137
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
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- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHMBHFSEKCCCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-2,5-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CCC(C)O OHMBHFSEKCCCBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxophosphane Chemical compound P=O AUONHKJOIZSQGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000166 polytrimethylene carbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011802 pulverized particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28047—Gels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/261—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon to carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/265—Synthetic macromolecular compounds modified or post-treated polymers
- B01J20/267—Cross-linked polymers
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/3021—Milling, crushing or grinding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/01—Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
- C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
- C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/102—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/02—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques
- C08J3/03—Making solutions, dispersions, lattices or gels by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques in aqueous media
- C08J3/075—Macromolecular gels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/24—Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules
- C08J3/245—Differential crosslinking of one polymer with one crosslinking type, e.g. surface crosslinking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/50—Aspects relating to the use of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/68—Superabsorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2333/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2333/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2333/06—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08J2333/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer. More specifically, it relates to a method for producing a superabsorbent polymer that significantly reduces the amount of fine powder and exhibits excellent absorbent properties.
- Super Absorbent Polymer is a synthetic high-molecular substance that has the ability to absorb moisture 500 to 1,000 times its own weight. Material), etc., are named by different names.
- the superabsorbent polymer as described above has begun to be put into practical use as a sanitary tool, and is currently widely used as a material for gardening soil remediation agents, civil engineering and construction waterstop materials, seedling sheets, freshness retainers in the field of food distribution, and steaming. .
- the super absorbent polymer is included in a relatively high ratio, so that the super absorbent polymer particles are inevitably included in multiple layers in the sanitary material.
- the superabsorbent polymer In order for the entire superabsorbent polymer particles included in multiple layers to more efficiently absorb a large amount of liquid such as urine, the superabsorbent polymer basically needs to exhibit high absorption performance as well as a fast absorption rate.
- such a superabsorbent polymer is generally prepared by polymerizing an acrylic acid-based monomer to prepare a hydrogel polymer containing a large amount of moisture, drying the hydrogel polymer, and pulverizing the hydrogel polymer into resin particles having a desired particle size. manufactured through
- a water-containing gel grinding process of cutting the water-containing gel polymer into particles having a size of hundreds to thousands of micrometers is performed before the drying process.
- a chopper (or chopper) is mainly used for pulverization of such a hydrogel.
- the water-containing gel polymer is a particle having elasticity, cutting or pulverization by a shredder is difficult as the particle size is small.
- the water-containing gel polymers cut or pulverized by the shredder are easily aggregated, and when dried in such an aggregated form, many fine particles are generated in the subsequent pulverization process, resulting in a final product. There was a problem in that the physical properties of the water absorbent polymer were lowered.
- the present invention minimizes the pulverization process after drying, significantly reduces the amount of fine powder generated, and improves the absorption properties of the superabsorbent polymer produced by preparing a hydrogel having a smaller size in the hydrogel pulverization process. , It is intended to provide a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer.
- the primary drying is performed such that the ratio of the moisture content of the primarily dried hydrogel polymer to the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer is 45% to 80%.
- a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer is provided.
- a super absorbent polymer prepared by the method for preparing the super absorbent polymer is provided.
- the amount of fine powder generated during the manufacturing process can be reduced and the super absorbent polymer exhibiting excellent absorbent properties can be provided.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared by the above manufacturing method can be appropriately used for sanitary materials such as diapers, in particular, ultra-thin sanitary materials having a reduced pulp content.
- Step 1 Forming a water-containing gel polymer in which a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group and an internal crosslinking agent are crosslinked and polymerized (Step 1);
- step 2 preparing a firstly pulverized water-containing gel polymer by first pulverizing the water-containing gel polymer in the presence of a surfactant (step 2);
- Step 3 preparing a firstly dried water-containing gel polymer by firstly drying the firstly pulverized water-containing gel polymer
- step 4 preparing a secondly pulverized water-containing gel polymer by pulverizing the primarily dried water-containing gel polymer
- step 5 preparing a secondly dried water-containing gel polymer by performing a second flow drying of the secondly pulverized water-containing gel polymer (step 5);
- step 6 pulverizing the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer to prepare superabsorbent polymer particles
- the primary drying is performed so that the ratio of the moisture content of the primarily dried hydrogel polymer to the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer is 45% to 80%.
- polymer or “polymer” means a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in a polymerized state, and may cover any range of moisture content or particle size (or particle size).
- the term “superabsorbent polymer” means a crosslinked polymer, or a base resin or water-containing gel polymer in powder form composed of superabsorbent polymer particles in which the crosslinked polymer is pulverized, depending on the context, or the crosslinked polymer or the above-mentioned crosslinked polymer. It is used to cover all of the base resins in a state suitable for commercialization through additional processes such as drying, grinding, classification, surface crosslinking, and the like.
- normal particles refers to particles having a particle size (or particle size) of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m among super absorbent polymer particles
- fine powder refers to particles having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m among super absorbent polymer particles
- coarse powder refers to particles having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m among super absorbent polymer particles
- coarse particles refers to particles having a particle diameter of 1400 ⁇ m or more among the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the particle size of the superabsorbent polymer particles may be measured according to the EDANA WSP 220.3 method of the European Disposables and Nonwovens Association (EDANA).
- hydrogel pulverization refers to pulverizing a hydrogel polymer to a micrometer-level particle size in order to increase drying efficiency, and is used separately from “chopping” that cuts into small pieces in millimeter units.
- micronizing refers to pulverizing a water-containing gel polymer to a particle size of several tens to hundreds of micrometers, and is used separately from “chopping”.
- a water-soluble gel polymer is formed by cross-linking polymerization of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group at least partially neutralized in the presence of an internal cross-linking agent and a polymerization initiator, and after drying the water-containing gel polymer formed in this way, the water-soluble gel polymer is dried to a desired particle size. It is produced by pulverizing to fine particles.
- a chopper or chopper
- a water-containing gel pulverization process is performed in which the polymer is cut or pulverized into millimeter-level particles.
- the hydrogel polymer has elasticity, it is not easy to cut or pulverize by the shredder, and there is a problem in that the hydrogel polymer having a size larger than the hole provided in the perforated plate of the shredder passes through the hole as it is.
- the cut or pulverized hydrogel polymers were aggregated to form an aggregate having a size of about 1 cm to 10 cm.
- the aggregated water-containing gel polymer in gel form is stacked on a belt with a perforated plate at the bottom and dried in a plate form by hot air supplied from the bottom or top.
- the amount of the fine powder separated in the final classification step by this manufacturing method is about 10% by weight to about 20% by weight based on the total weight of the superabsorbent polymer finally prepared.
- the separated fine powder was mixed with an appropriate amount of water to reassemble the fine powder, and then reused in a method of pulverizing the hydrogel or in a step before drying.
- the present inventors have found that the amount of fine powder generated in the conventional manufacturing method is greatly influenced by the particle size introduced into the grinding process, and controls the water content of the water-containing gel polymer to facilitate grinding and at the same time, the pulverized water-containing gel.
- the size of the particles introduced into the subsequent pulverization process is reduced, thereby minimizing the number of times of pulverization process, and in the pulverized water-containing gel polymer It was contemplated that the content of coarse particles can be lowered, and as a result, the amount of fine powder generated during the manufacturing process of the superabsorbent polymer can be remarkably reduced.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared by the manufacturing method of the present invention may have a uniform particle size, a narrow particle size distribution, and a low water-soluble component content, and thus, various absorption properties such as excellent water retention capacity and absorbency under pressure Together, they can exhibit improved rewet properties and absorption rates.
- Step 1 is a step of forming a water-containing gel polymer in which a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group and an internal crosslinking agent are crosslinked and polymerized.
- the water-containing gel polymer is prepared by neutralizing at least some of the acid groups of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers, and mixing the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers having acid groups in which at least some of the neutralized acid groups are mixed with an internal crosslinking agent and a polymerization initiator. It may be prepared by a method comprising performing polymerization on the monomer composition to form a hydrogel polymer (Method 1), or containing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal crosslinking agent, and a polymerization initiator.
- Method 1 is to neutralize at least some of the acidic groups in the monomer before polymerization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and then carry out a polymerization reaction. By absorption, it can be prepared in the form of a hydrogel polymer having a high moisture content of usually 30% by weight or more.
- Method 2 is a method of forming a polymer by first performing polymerization in a state where the acidic group of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is not neutralized, and then neutralizing the acidic group present in the polymer.
- the polymer formed after polymerization has a low It exhibits functionality and, as a result, exists in a solid state that hardly absorbs water in the monomer composition. However, after the neutralization process, it has functionality and becomes a hydrogel polymer.
- water-soluble components usually generated during the production of polymers are easily eluted when the superabsorbent polymer comes into contact with a liquid. Therefore, when the content of the water-soluble component is high, most of the eluted water-soluble component remains on the surface of the superabsorbent polymer, making the superabsorbent polymer sticky and reducing liquid permeability. Therefore, in terms of liquid permeability, it is important to keep the content of water-soluble components low.
- polymerization is first performed in a state in which the acidic group of the acrylic monomer is not neutralized to form a polymer, and after neutralization, atomization in the presence of a surfactant, or atomization in the presence of a surfactant, followed by neutralization, or atomization
- a large amount of surfactant is present on the surface of the polymer to lower the adhesiveness of the polymer, thereby preventing aggregation between polymer particles.
- the amount of fine powder generated during the process can be significantly reduced.
- method 1 is a step of neutralizing at least a portion of acid groups of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a monomer composition comprising a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having at least a portion of neutralized acid groups, an internal crosslinking agent, and a polymerization initiator and performing polymerization to form a hydrogel polymer.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be any monomer commonly used in the preparation of super absorbent polymers.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer may be a compound represented by Formula 1 below:
- R is an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms including an unsaturated bond
- M' is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent or divalent metal, an ammonium group, or an organic amine salt.
- the monomer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acid and monovalent (alkali) metal salts, divalent metal salts, ammonium salts, and organic amine salts of these acids.
- the monomers include maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, itaconic acid, 2-acryloylethanesulfonic acid, 2-methacryloylethanesulfonic acid, 2-(meth)acryloylpropanesulfonic acid or 2-(meth)acryloylethanesulfonic acid.
- the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer has acidic groups, and at least some of the acidic groups may be neutralized by a neutralizing agent.
- the neutralization of at least some acidic groups of the acidic groups of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers in Method 1 is performed by using the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers having acidic groups, an internal crosslinking agent, a polymerization initiator, and a neutralizing agent. It may be carried out during the process of preparing the monomer composition by mixing.
- the monomer composition thus prepared includes a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group at least partially neutralized, an internal crosslinking agent, and a polymerization initiator.
- the concentration of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group is preferably determined appropriately in consideration of the polymerization time and reaction conditions in the subsequent polymerization reaction step.
- the concentration of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the mixture containing the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal crosslinking agent, a polymerization initiator and a neutralizing agent is 20 to 60% by weight, specifically 20% by weight % or more, and may be 60% or less, or 40% or less by weight.
- neutralizing agent one or more kinds of basic materials such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide capable of neutralizing acidic groups may be used.
- the degree of neutralization of the acid groups included in the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer by the neutralizing agent is referred to as the degree of neutralization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. If the degree of neutralization is too high, neutralized monomers may be precipitated, making it difficult for the polymerization to proceed smoothly. Conversely, if the degree of neutralization is too low, the polymer's absorbency is greatly reduced and it may exhibit properties such as elastic rubber that are difficult to handle. Accordingly, the degree of neutralization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is preferably appropriately selected according to the physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer to be realized.
- the degree of neutralization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is 50 to 90 mol%, more specifically 50 mol% or more, or 60 mol% or more, or 65 mol% or more, and 90 mol% or less , or 85 mol% or less, or 80 mol% or less, or 75 mol% or less.
- the term 'internal cross-linking agent' used herein is a term used to distinguish it from a surface cross-linking agent for cross-linking the surface of superabsorbent polymer particles described later, and in the present invention, the internal cross-linking agent is the above-described water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated It serves to form a polymer containing a cross-linked structure by introducing a cross-link between the unsaturated bonds of the monomers.
- the crosslinking proceeds without surface or internal distinction, but when the surface crosslinking process of the superabsorbent polymer particles described below proceeds, the surface of the finally prepared superabsorbent polymer particles may have a newly crosslinked structure by the surface crosslinking agent, A structure crosslinked by the internal crosslinking agent may be maintained inside the superabsorbent polymer particle.
- one or more of a multifunctional acrylate-based compound, a multifunctional allyl-based compound, and a multifunctional vinyl-based compound may be used.
- ethylene glycol diallyl ether diethylene glycol diallyl ether, triethylene glycol diallyl ether, tetraethylene glycol diallyl ether, polyethylene glycol diallyl ether, propylene glycol diallyl ether , tripropylene glycol diallyl ether, polypropylene glycol diallyl ether, butanediol diallyl ether, butylene glycol diallyl ether, hexanediol diallyl ether, pentaerythritol diallyl ether, pentaerythritol triallyl ether, pentaerythritol tetraallyl ether , dipentaerythritol diallyl ether, dipentaerythritol triallyl ether, dipentaerythritol tetraallyl ether, dipentaerythritol pentaallyl
- polyfunctional vinyl compound specifically, ethylene glycol divinyl ether, diethylene glycol divinyl ether, triethylene glycol divinyl ether, tetraethylene glycol divinyl ether, polyethylene glycol divinyl ether, propylene glycol divinyl ether, Tripropylene glycol divinyl ether, polypropylene glycol divinyl ether, butanediol divinyl ether, butylene glycol divinyl ether, hexanediol divinyl ether, pentaerythritol divinyl ether, pentaerythritol trivinyl ether, pentaerythritol tetravinyl ether, dipentaerythritol divinyl ether, dipentaerythritol trivinyl ether, dipentaerythritol tetravinyl ether, dipentaerythritol pentavinyl pentavinyl
- polyfunctional allyl-based compound and the polyfunctional vinyl-based compound two or more unsaturated groups included in the molecule are bonded to unsaturated bonds of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers or unsaturated bonds of other internal crosslinking agents, respectively, to form a crosslinked structure during polymerization.
- cross-linking can be stably maintained even during the neutralization process after the polymerization reaction described above. Accordingly, the gel strength of the superabsorbent polymer produced can be increased, process stability can be increased in the discharge process after polymerization, and the amount of water-soluble content can be minimized.
- the internal crosslinking agent may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
- the internal crosslinking agent is 0.01 parts by weight or more, or 0.05 parts by weight or more, or 0.1 parts by weight or more, and 5 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight or less, or 2 parts by weight or less, based on 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. parts by weight or less, or 1 part by weight or less, or 0.7 parts by weight or less.
- the content of the internal cross-linking agent is too low, cross-linking does not occur sufficiently, making it difficult to realize an appropriate level of strength, and if the content of the upper internal cross-linking agent is too high, the internal cross-linking density increases, making it difficult to realize a desired water retention capacity.
- the polymer formed using the internal crosslinking agent has a three-dimensional network structure in which main chains formed by polymerization of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers are crosslinked by the internal crosslinking agent.
- water retention capacity and absorbency under pressure which are various physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer, can be significantly improved compared to the case of a two-dimensional linear structure that is not additionally crosslinked by an internal crosslinking agent.
- the polymerization initiator is appropriately selected according to the polymerization method.
- a thermal polymerization initiator is used when the thermal polymerization method is used, a photopolymerization initiator is used when the photopolymerization method is used, and thermal polymerization is used when the hybrid polymerization method (a method using both heat and light) is used. Both an initiator and a photopolymerization initiator can be used. However, even with the photopolymerization method, since a certain amount of heat is generated by light irradiation such as ultraviolet irradiation, and a certain amount of heat is generated as the polymerization reaction progresses, which is an exothermic reaction, a thermal polymerization initiator may be additionally used.
- any compound capable of forming radicals by light such as ultraviolet light may be used without limitation in its configuration.
- photopolymerization initiator examples include benzoin ether, dialkyl acetophenone, hydroxyl alkylketone, phenyl glyoxylate, and benzyl dimethyl ketal. Ketal), acyl phosphine, and alpha-aminoketone ( ⁇ -aminoketone) may be used at least one selected from the group consisting of.
- specific examples of the acylphosphine include diphenyl (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, phenylbis (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) phosphine oxide, ethyl (2,4,6- Trimethylbenzoyl) phenylphosphinate etc. are mentioned. More various photoinitiators are well described in "UV Coatings: Basics, Recent Developments and New Application (Elsevier 2007)" p115, a book by Reinhold Schwalm, and are not limited to the above examples.
- thermal polymerization initiator at least one selected from the group consisting of a persulfate-based initiator, an azo-based initiator, hydrogen peroxide, and ascorbic acid may be used.
- persulfate-based initiators include sodium persulfate (Na 2 S 2 O 8 ), potassium persulfate (K 2 S 2 O 8 ), and ammonium persulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 ) and the like
- examples of the azo-based initiator include 2,2-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, 2 ,2-azobis-(N,N-dimethylene)isobutyramidine dihydrochloride (2,2-azobis-(N,N-dimethylene)isobutyramidine dihydrochloride), 2-(carbamoyl azo)isobutyronitrile (2-(carbamoylazo)isobutylonitril), 2,2-azobis[
- the polymerization initiator may be used in an amount of 2 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer. That is, when the concentration of the polymerization initiator is too low, the polymerization rate may be slowed and a large amount of residual monomer may be extracted into the final product, which is not preferable. Conversely, when the concentration of the polymerization initiator is higher than the above range, the polymer chain constituting the network is shortened, which is not preferable because the physical properties of the resin may be deteriorated, such as an increase in the content of water-soluble components and a decrease in absorbency under pressure.
- a reducing agent forming a redox couple with the polymerization initiator may be further added.
- the polymerization initiator and the reducing agent when added to the polymer solution, they react with each other to form radicals.
- the formed radical reacts with the monomer, and since the oxidation-reduction reaction between the polymerization initiator and the reducing agent is very reactive, polymerization is initiated even when only a small amount of the polymerization initiator and the reducing agent are added, and there is no need to increase the process temperature, so low-temperature polymerization is possible. It is possible, and the change in physical properties of the polymer solution can be minimized.
- the polymerization reaction using the oxidation-reduction reaction may occur smoothly even at a temperature near or below room temperature (25° C.).
- the polymerization reaction may be carried out at a temperature of 5°C or more and 25°C or less, or 5°C or more and 20°C or less.
- a persulfate-based polymerization initiator is used as the polymerization initiator
- sodium metabisulfite Na 2 S 2 O 5
- TMEDA tetramethyl ethylenediamine
- FeSO 4 iron(II) sulfate
- FeSO 4 /EDTA iron(II) sulfate and EDTA
- sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate Na formaldehyde sulfoxylate
- disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacetate disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacteate
- potassium persulfate is used as the polymerization initiator, and disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacetate is used as the reducing agent; Ammonium persulfate is used as a polymerization initiator and tetramethylethylenediamine is used as a reducing agent; Sodium persulfate may be used as a polymerization initiator, and sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate may be used as a reducing agent.
- a hydrogen peroxide-based initiator ascorbic acid; Sucrose; sodium sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 ) sodium metabisulfite (Na 2 S 2 O 5 ); tetramethyl ethylenediamine (TMEDA); a mixture of iron(II) sulfate and EDTA (FeSO 4 /EDTA); sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate; Disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinoacteate; And one or more selected from the group consisting of disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfoacetate (Disodium 2-hydroxy-2-sulfoacteate) may be used.
- additives such as a thickener, a plasticizer, a storage stabilizer, and an antioxidant may be further added as needed.
- the monomer composition for example, may be in a solution state dissolved in a solvent such as water, and the solid content, that is, the concentration of the monomer, internal crosslinking agent, and polymerization initiator in the monomer composition in such a solution state depends on the polymerization time and reaction It may be appropriately adjusted in consideration of conditions and the like.
- the solids content in the monomer composition may be 10 to 80% by weight, or 15 to 60% by weight, or 30 to 50% by weight.
- the gel effect phenomenon that occurs in the polymerization reaction of a high-concentration aqueous solution is used to eliminate the need to remove unreacted monomers after polymerization, while increasing the pulverization efficiency when pulverizing the polymer, which will be described later. It can be advantageous to adjust.
- any solvent capable of dissolving the above-described raw materials may be used without limitation in its composition.
- the solvent water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, propylene glycol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate , methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, methyl amyl ketone, cyclohexanone, cyclopentanone, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, toluene, xylene, butyrolactone, carbitol, methyl cellosolve acetate, N,N-dimethylacetamide, or mixtures thereof, and the like may be used.
- the polymerization process for the monomer composition may be carried out without any particular limitation in configuration, as long as the water-containing gel polymer can be formed by thermal polymerization, photopolymerization, or co-polymerization.
- the polymerization method is largely divided into thermal polymerization and photopolymerization according to the polymerization energy source.
- thermal polymerization it can be carried out in a reactor having an agitation shaft such as a kneader, and in the case of photopolymerization, a movable It can be run in a reactor with a conveyor belt or in a flat bottomed vessel.
- the polymerization method as described above can form a polymer having a wide molecular weight distribution without a high molecular weight according to a relatively short polymerization reaction time (eg, 1 hour or less).
- the water-containing gel polymer obtained by thermal polymerization by supplying hot air to a reactor such as a kneader equipped with an agitation shaft or heating the reactor is directed to the outlet of the reactor according to the shape of the agitation shaft provided in the reactor.
- the discharged water-containing gel polymer may be in the form of several centimeters to several millimeters.
- the size of the obtained water-containing gel polymer may vary depending on the concentration and injection speed of the monomer composition to be injected, and a water-containing gel polymer having a weight average particle diameter of 2 to 50 mm can be obtained.
- the form of a water-containing gel polymer that is usually obtained may be a sheet-like water-containing gel polymer having the width of a belt.
- the thickness of the polymer sheet varies depending on the concentration and injection rate or amount of the monomer composition to be injected, but it is preferable to supply the monomer composition so that a polymer sheet having a thickness of about 0.5 to about 5 cm can be obtained. Do. When the monomer composition is supplied to such an extent that the thickness of the polymer on the sheet is too thin, production efficiency is low, which is undesirable. When the thickness of the polymer on the sheet exceeds 5 cm, the polymerization reaction does not occur evenly over the entire thickness due to the excessively thick thickness. may not be
- polymerization in a reactor having a conventional conveyor belt and a stirring shaft is carried out in a continuous manner by supplying a new monomer composition to the reactor while the polymerization product is moving, so that polymers having different polymerization rates are mixed. It is difficult to achieve uniform polymerization throughout the composition, and overall physical properties may be deteriorated.
- polymerization of the monomer composition may be performed in a batch type reactor.
- the polymerization reaction when carried out in a batch reactor, the polymerization reaction is carried out for a longer period of time, for example, 3 hours or more, than when polymerization is carried out continuously in a reactor equipped with a conveyor belt.
- a longer period of time for example, 3 hours or more
- monomers are not easily precipitated even when polymerization is performed for a long time, and thus, it is advantageous to perform polymerization for a long time.
- polymerization in the batch type reactor may use a thermal polymerization method, and accordingly, a thermal polymerization initiator is used as the polymerization initiator.
- the thermal polymerization initiator is as described above.
- method 2 of preparing a water-containing gel polymer polymerization is performed on a monomer composition including a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group, an internal crosslinking agent, and a polymerization initiator, and the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having the acidic group and the internal
- the steps of forming a crosslinked polymerized polymer with a crosslinking agent and forming a hydrogel polymer by neutralizing at least some of the acid groups of the polymer may be performed.
- Method 2 the preparation of the monomer composition and polymerization of the monomer composition may be performed in the same manner as in Method 1, except that a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer whose acidic group is not neutralized is used in the preparation of the monomer composition.
- the polymerization reaction in Method 2 may be specifically carried out in a batch type reactor.
- a thermal polymerization initiator may be used as the polymerization initiator.
- polymerization may be initiated by adding a reducing agent together with the initiator.
- the step of preparing a water-containing gel polymer by neutralizing at least some of the acid groups of the cross-linked polymer may be performed by adding a neutralizing agent to the cross-linked polymer and reacting.
- neutralizing agent basic materials such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide capable of neutralizing acidic groups may be used.
- the degree of neutralization of the polymer which refers to the degree of neutralization by the neutralizing agent among the acid groups included in the polymer
- the concentration of the carboxyl group on the surface of the particle is too low, making it difficult to properly perform surface crosslinking in the subsequent process. Absorption under pressure and liquid permeability may decrease.
- the neutralization degree of the polymer is too low, the polymer's absorbency is greatly reduced, and it may exhibit properties such as elastic rubber that are difficult to handle. Accordingly, it is preferable to appropriately select the degree of neutralization of the polymer according to the physical properties of the superabsorbent polymer to be realized.
- the degree of neutralization of the polymer is 50 to 90 mol%, more specifically 50 mol% or more, or 60 mol% or more, or 65 mol% or more, and 90 mol% or less, or 85 mol% or less % or less, or 80 mole % or less, or 75 mole % or less.
- the polymer prepared according to Method 1 and Method 2 is in the form of a hydrogel, and has a water content of 30 to 80% by weight, more specifically, 30% by weight or more, or 35% by weight or more, or 40% by weight or more, and 80% by weight % or less, or 75 wt% or less, or 70 wt% or less.
- the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer is too low, it may not be effectively pulverized because it is difficult to secure an appropriate surface area in the subsequent grinding step, and if the water content of the hydrogel polymer is too high, the pressure applied in the subsequent grinding step is increased and pulverized to a desired particle size. hard to do
- the water-containing gel polymer prepared by the manufacturing method according to the present invention has a moisture content that satisfies the above-mentioned range conditions, and is suitable for the subsequent atomization process.
- moisture content refers to a value obtained by subtracting the weight of the dry polymer from the weight of the hydrogel polymer as the content of moisture with respect to the total weight of the hydrogel polymer. Specifically, it is defined as a value calculated by measuring the weight loss due to moisture evaporation in the polymer in the process of raising the temperature of the polymer in the crumb state through infrared heating and drying.
- the drying condition is a method of raising the temperature from room temperature to about 180 ° C and then maintaining it at 180 ° C. The total drying time is set to 40 minutes including 5 minutes of the temperature raising step, and the moisture content is measured. Specific measurement methods and conditions are as described in the following experimental examples.
- step 2 is a step of pulverizing the first hydrogel polymer prepared in step 1 in the presence of a surfactant.
- step 2 is a step in which the water-containing gel polymer is not chopped to a millimeter size, but chopped to several tens to hundreds of micrometers and aggregated simultaneously. That is, this is a step of preparing secondary agglomerated particles in which a plurality of primary particles cut to a size of several tens to hundreds of micrometers are agglomerated by imparting appropriate adhesiveness to the water-containing gel polymer.
- a conventional chopping process for water-containing gel polymers formed particles of several mm or several cm. Although the surface area of the water-containing gel polymer can be increased to some extent by this chopping process, it is difficult to expect an effect that can effectively improve the absorption rate. Therefore, in order to improve the absorption rate, a method of increasing the surface area by kneading by increasing the mechanical force in the chopping step has been proposed. One amorphous single particle was formed, and the water-soluble component was rather increased by excessive kneading or crushing.
- the grinding process for the water-containing gel polymer is performed in the presence of a surfactant, so that a large amount of the surfactant is present on the surface of the water-containing gel polymer.
- the surfactant present on the surface of the water-containing gel polymer lowers the high adhesiveness of the polymer, thereby preventing the polymer from excessively aggregating and controlling the aggregation state to a desired level.
- the water-containing gel polymer can be pulverized to a size of several millimeters to hundreds of micrometers, and subsequent pulverization and drying processes can be performed under milder conditions. Therefore, it is possible to significantly reduce the amount of fine powder generated during the manufacturing process.
- the surfactant penetrates the inside of the water-containing gel polymer rather than existing at the interface of the water-containing gel polymer due to the high water content of the water-containing gel polymer, and the surfactant plays its role. Chances are you won't be able to do enough.
- the present invention has solved this problem by using the atomization device having a characteristic structure as described above.
- the hydrophobic functional group included in the surfactant can increase the apparent density of the super absorbent polymer by imparting hydrophobicity to the surface of the pulverized super absorbent polymer particles to relieve frictional force between the particles.
- the contained hydrophilic functional group is also bonded to the superabsorbent polymer particles to prevent a decrease in surface tension of the superabsorbent polymer.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared by the manufacturing method according to the present invention can exhibit a high bulk density while exhibiting an equivalent level of surface tension compared to the superabsorbent polymer without using a surfactant.
- a compound represented by Formula 2 or a salt thereof may be used, but the present invention is not limited thereto:
- a 1 , A 2 and A 3 are each independently a single bond, carbonyl; , or , with the proviso that at least one of these is carbonyl or , wherein m1, m2, and m3 are each independently an integer from 1 to 8, are each connected to an adjacent oxygen atom, are each connected to adjacent R 1 , R 2 and R 3 ,
- R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently hydrogen, straight or branched chain alkyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or straight or branched chain alkenyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms;
- n is an integer from 1 to 9;
- the surfactant is mixed with the hydrogel polymer and added so that the hydrogel pulverization step can be easily performed without agglomeration.
- the surfactant represented by Chemical Formula 2 is a nonionic surfactant and has excellent surface adsorption performance by hydrogen bonding even with an unneutralized polymer, and thus is suitable for realizing a desired aggregation control effect.
- anionic surfactants other than nonionic surfactants when mixed with polymers neutralized with neutralizing agents such as NaOH and Na 2 SO 4 , they are adsorbed via Na+ ions ionized at the carboxyl substituents of the polymers, When mixed with an unneutralized polymer, there is a problem in that adsorption efficiency for the polymer is relatively lowered due to competition with the anion of the carboxyl substituent of the polymer.
- the hydrophobic functional group is a terminal functional group R 1 , R 2 , R 3 portion (if not hydrogen)
- the hydrophilic functional group is a glycerol-derived portion in the chain and a terminal hydroxyl group (A n is a single bond, and at the same time
- the glycerol-derived moiety and the terminal hydroxyl group serve to improve adsorption performance to the polymer surface as a hydrophilic functional group. Accordingly, aggregation of the superabsorbent polymer particles can be effectively suppressed.
- the hydrophobic functional groups R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 moieties are each independently a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms or a straight-chain or branched-chain having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. It is alkenyl.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 moieties are alkyl or alkenyl having less than 6 carbon atoms
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 moieties are alkyl or alkenyl having more than 18 carbon atoms
- the mobility of the surfactant is reduced and may not be effectively mixed with the polymer, and the cost of the surfactant increases Due to this, there may be a problem of increasing the unit price of the composition.
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 are hydrogen or, in the case of straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, 2-methylhexyl, n-heptyl, 2-methylheptyl, n-octyl, n -nonyl, n-decanyl, n-undecanyl, n-dodecanyl, n-tridecanyl, n-tetradecanyl, n-pentadecanyl, n-hexadecanyl, n-heptadecanyl, or n - May be octadecanyl, or in the case of straight or branched chain alkenyl having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, 2-hexenyl, 2-heptenyl, 2-octenyl, 2-nonenyl, n-decenyl, 2- undekenyl, 2-dodekenyl, 2-
- the surfactant may be selected from compounds represented by Formulas 2-1 to 2-14 below:
- the surfactant may be used in an amount of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the water-containing gel polymer. If the surfactant is used too little, it is not evenly adsorbed on the surface of the polymer, and re-agglomeration of the particles after grinding may occur. It can be.
- the surfactant is 0.01 parts by weight or more, or 0.015 parts by weight or more, or 0.1 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer, and 5 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight or less, or 2 parts by weight or less, or 1 part by weight or less, or 0.5 parts by weight or less may be used.
- the method of mixing these surfactants into the polymer is not particularly limited as long as it can evenly mix them into the polymer, and can be appropriately adopted and used.
- the surfactant may be mixed in a dry method, dissolved in a solvent and then mixed in a solution state, or the surfactant may be melted and then mixed.
- the surfactant may be mixed in a solution state dissolved in a solvent.
- solvents can be used without limitation, including inorganic solvents and organic solvents, but water is most appropriate considering the ease of the drying process and the cost of the solvent recovery system.
- the solution may be mixed by putting the surfactant and the polymer in a reaction tank, putting the polymer in a mixer and spraying the solution, or continuously supplying and mixing the polymer and the solution to a continuously operated mixer. .
- the process of neutralizing at least some of the acidic groups of the polymer in Method 2 of step 1, and the primary pulverization of the hydrogel polymer in the presence of the surfactant described above may be performed sequentially, alternately, or simultaneously.
- a neutralizing agent is added to the polymer to neutralize the acidic group first, and then a surfactant is added to the neutralized polymer to pulverize the polymer mixed with the surfactant, or the neutralizer and the surfactant are simultaneously added to the polymer to pulverize the polymer.
- Neutralization and first hydrogel pulverization may be performed.
- the surfactant may be added first and the neutralizing agent may be added later.
- the neutralizing agent and the surfactant may be alternately introduced.
- the neutralizing agent and the surfactant may be alternately introduced.
- a first hydrogel pulverization process may be further performed by first adding a surfactant to pulverize the first hydrogel, then adding a neutralizer to neutralize the gel, and further adding a surfactant to the neutralized hydrogel polymer.
- the surfactant when added, at least some to a significant amount of the surfactant may be present on the surface of the firstly pulverized water-containing gel polymer.
- the fact that the surfactant is present on the surface of the primarily pulverized water-containing gel polymer means that at least some or a significant amount of the surfactant is adsorbed or bound to the surface of the primarily pulverized water-containing gel polymer particle.
- the surfactant may be physically or chemically adsorbed on the surface of the primarily pulverized hydrogel polymer. More specifically, the hydrophilic functional group of the surfactant may be physically adsorbed to the hydrophilic portion of the surface of the first pulverized water-containing gel polymer by an intermolecular force such as dipole-dipole interaction.
- the hydrophilic part of the surfactant is physically adsorbed on the surface of the firstly pulverized water-containing gel polymer and covers the surface, and the hydrophobic part of the surfactant is not adsorbed on the surface of the resin particles, so that the first pulverized water-containing gel polymer
- the polymer may be coated with a surfactant in the form of a kind of micelle structure.
- the surfactant is not added during the polymerization process of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, but is added in the first hydrogel grinding step after polymer formation, and the surfactant is added during the polymerization process to Compared to the case where is present, it can faithfully perform its role as a surfactant, and pulverization and aggregation occur simultaneously to obtain particles with a large surface area in the form of agglomerated fine particles.
- the first pulverization of the water-containing gel may be performed so that the 1st pulverized water-containing gel polymer has a micrometer-level particle size. More specifically, it may be performed so that the average particle diameter of the pulverized water-containing gel polymer is 1000 to 5000 ⁇ m, more specifically, 1000 to 3000 ⁇ m.
- the average particle diameter of the hydrogel polymer and the superabsorbent polymer particles is determined by measuring the weight of the particles on top of each classifier after classifying them using classifiers having various sieve sizes according to ASTM standards. , and can be obtained according to Equation 1 below using the measured particle size. Specific measurement methods and measurement conditions are as described in the following experimental examples:
- n means the order of the classification process, and n is 1 or more and is less than or equal to the total number of classification processes using a classification body.
- a recovery process using a pan is performed after the classification process using a classification body. Since the fan does not have a mesh, the process using the fan is not included in the range of n. However, when obtained using the average particle diameter of the upper particles of the classifier after the final classification process using the classifier, the "(n+1)th classifier" in Equation 1 corresponds to a fan, and at this time, the eyes of the fan size is set to 0.
- the first grinding of the water-containing gel is performed by an atomization device (hereinafter referred to as a 'first atomization device').
- the first atomization device may include a body portion including a transport space in which a water-containing gel polymer is transported; a screw member rotatably installed inside the transfer space to move the water-containing gel polymer; a driving motor providing rotational driving force to the screw member; a cutter member installed in the body to pulverize the water-containing gel polymer; and a perforated plate having a plurality of holes and discharging the water-containing gel polymer pulverized by the cutter member to the outside of the body.
- the hydrogel polymer and the surfactant are mixed and introduced into the atomization device in a mixture state. Accordingly, in the body part of the first atomization device, the surfactant is mixed with the water-containing gel polymer and transferred.
- the particle size of the hydrogel polymer to be pulverized can be controlled by changing the hole size (meaning the diameter of the hole) in the perforated plate.
- the hole size provided in the perforated plate of the atomization device may be 1 mm to 20 mm, more specifically, 1 mm to 10 mm, or 1 mm to 6 mm.
- the drying efficiency in the subsequent drying process may be increased by increasing the surface area of the water-containing gel polymer.
- step 3 is a step of drying the primarily pulverized water-containing gel polymer to prepare a primarily dried water-containing gel polymer.
- the manufacturing method according to the present invention performs the pulverization process twice on the water-containing gel polymer. Accordingly, in order to perform the subsequent pulverization process, the first pulverized water-containing gel polymer must have an optimal water content and at the same time, uniform drying of the entire water-containing gel polymer particle must be performed. If the hydrogel polymer is non-uniformly dried, the secondary hydrogel grinding process is impossible.
- the primary drying is performed in a moving type drying method.
- Fluidized drying is distinguished from fixed-bed type drying by the presence/absence of flow of materials during drying.
- the liquid drying refers to a method of drying the drying material while mechanically stirring it.
- the direction in which the hot air passes through the material may be the same as or different from the circulation direction of the material.
- the material may be circulated inside the dryer and the material may be dried by passing a heat exchanger fluid (heat oil) through a separate pipe outside the dryer.
- stationary drying refers to a method of drying the material by passing hot air from bottom to top while the material to be dried is suspended on the floor such as a perforated iron plate through which air can flow.
- drying is performed while mechanically stirring the dried product, so that the water-containing gel polymer existing in the form of secondary particles in which the primary particles are aggregated in the primary hydrogel pulverization process is converted into primary particles during primary drying. Drying can be performed while being dried, and aggregation between the primary particleized water-containing gel polymers can be prevented. In addition, uniform drying of the entire water-containing gel polymer particles is possible, and drying can be completed within a short time.
- Devices capable of drying by the fluidized drying method include a horizontal-type mixer dryer, a rotary kiln, a paddle dryer, or a steam tube dryer in general.
- a fluidized dryer may be used.
- the drying step is generally performed until the moisture content of the super absorbent polymer is less than 10% by weight.
- the ratio of the moisture content of the primarily dried hydrogel polymer to the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer (moisture content of the primary dried hydrogel polymer/moisture content of the hydrogel polymer) X 100 ) from 45% to 80%.
- the primary water-containing gel polymer has elasticity, it is not easy to pulverize, and in particular, as the particle size is smaller, pulverization is more difficult.
- the hydrogel polymer by performing the drying process to satisfy the above-described moisture content conditions, the hydrogel polymer has appropriate strength and is easily pulverized during subsequent secondary hydrogel pulverization. As a result, not only the average particle diameter is reduced, but also the content of the hydrogel polymer granules having a large particle diameter, specifically, a particle diameter of 1400 ⁇ m or more may be reduced.
- the water content of the firstly dried water-containing gel polymer is less than 45% of the water content of the water-containing gel polymer, the water-containing gel polymer becomes too hard due to excessive drying, making it difficult to grind the water-containing gel polymer in the subsequent second grinding. If it is more than 80%, it is still not easy to grind due to high elasticity. More specifically, the ratio of the moisture content of the primarily dried hydrogel polymer to the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer is 45% or more, or 47% or more, or 50% or more, or 55% or more, or 56.5% or more, and 80% or less , or 78% or less, or 75% or less, or 73% or less, or 70% or less.
- the primary drying takes into account the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer, the amount of the hydrogel polymer, the type of fluidized drying device, etc. under the condition of satisfying the above-mentioned water content ratio range Drying conditions can be appropriately adjusted.
- the drying temperature is too low, the drying time until the above-described moisture content condition is satisfied may be prolonged, resulting in a decrease in fairness.
- the drying temperature is too high, the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer is too low, resulting in subsequent secondary hydrogel pulverization. can be difficult
- the drying time is too long, the processability deteriorates and the water content of the hydrogel polymer decreases, making it difficult to grind the secondary hydrogel.
- the drying time is too short, sufficient drying is not achieved, which makes it difficult to grind the secondary hydrogel. It can be difficult.
- the primary drying is 100 ° C. or more, or 150 ° C. or more, 300 ° C. or less, or 250 ° C. or less at a temperature of 3 minutes or more, or 5 minutes or more, or more than 10 minutes, and may be performed for a time of less than 20 minutes or less than 15 minutes.
- the drying efficiency can be further improved by controlling the rotational speed as the drying uses a fluidized drying method.
- the rotation speed may be 1 rpm or more, or 3 rpm or more, or 5 rpm or more, or 8 rpm or more, and may be 20 rpm or less, or 15 rpm or less, or 12 rpm or less, or 10 rpm or less, and the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer within the above range.
- the primarily dried water-containing gel polymer obtained through the above-described primary drying process satisfies the condition for the moisture content ratio with respect to the water content of the water-containing gel polymer as described above.
- the primarily dried water-containing gel polymer is 20 to 50% by weight, more specifically, 20% by weight or more, or 25% by weight or more, and 50% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the primarily dried water-containing gel polymer. It has a moisture content of 45% by weight or less, or 40% by weight or less, or 35% by weight or less. As such, with the optimized moisture content, aggregation between polymer particles may be reduced and pulverization efficiency may be increased during the subsequent secondary water-containing gel pulverization process.
- step 4 is a step of secondarily performing a hydrogel pulverization process on the hydrogel polymer primarily dried in step 3 above.
- the secondary pulverization process may be performed to have an average particle diameter of 50 to 90%, or 60 to 80% of the average particle diameter of the primary pulverized water-containing gel polymer. More specifically, it may be carried out so that the average particle diameter of the secondary pulverized hydrogel polymerization is 700 to 1500 ⁇ m.
- the particle size becomes smaller and the particle size can be further reduced due to the increased uniformity.
- the content of coarse particles can be greatly reduced.
- the fine powder content generated in the manufacturing process of the superabsorbent polymer can be greatly reduced, and the drying efficiency in the subsequent drying process can be increased due to the increase in the surface area of the secondarily pulverized water-containing gel polymer.
- the second hydrogel grinding step may be performed by an atomization device (hereinafter referred to as a second atomization device) in the same way as the first grinding of the hydrogel.
- a second atomization device an atomization device
- the second atomization device is the same as that described above in the first atomization device, and the particle size of the water-containing gel polymer to be pulverized secondarily can be adjusted by changing the hole size in the perforated plate of the atomization device.
- the second atomization device includes a body portion including a transport space in which the primarily dried water-containing gel polymer is transported; a screw member rotatably installed inside the transfer space to move the water-containing gel polymer; a driving motor providing rotational driving force to the screw member; a cutter member installed in the body to pulverize the water-containing gel polymer; and a perforated plate having a plurality of holes and discharging the water-containing gel polymer pulverized by the cutter member to the outside of the body.
- the hole sizes of the perforated plates respectively provided may be the same as or different from each other.
- the hole size provided in the perforated plate of the second atomization device is smaller than the hole size provided in the perforated plate of the first atomization device.
- the size of the hole provided in the porous plate of the first atomization device may be 1 mm to 10 mm, and the size of the hole provided in the porous plate of the second atomization device may be 0.5 mm to 6 mm.
- the hole size provided in the porous plate of the first atomization device may be 1 mm to 6 mm or 2 mm to 5 mm, and the hole size provided in the porous plate of the second atomization device may be 0.1 mm to 1 mm.
- step 5 is a step of preparing a secondly dried water-containing gel polymer by drying the secondly pulverized water-containing gel polymer.
- the secondary drying is performed in a fluidized drying method to prevent aggregation between the secondary pulverized water-containing gel polymer particles and to enable homogeneous drying of the entire particle.
- Devices capable of drying by such a fluid drying method include a horizontal-type mixer dryer, a rotary kiln, a paddle dryer, or a steam tube dryer.
- a fluidized dryer may be used.
- the secondary drying is preferably performed at a lower temperature than the primary drying for a relatively long time.
- the secondary drying may be performed for 20 to 60 minutes at a temperature of 100 ° C to 250 ° C, more specifically, 100 ° C or more, or 150 ° C or more, or 180 ° C or more, 250 ° C or less, or 230 It may be carried out for a time of 20 minutes or more, or 30 minutes or more, 60 minutes or less, or 40 minutes or less at a temperature of 200 ° C or less, or 200 ° C or less.
- the secondary drying process is performed under the above conditions, the above moisture content conditions are satisfied, and homogeneous drying can be achieved throughout the particles.
- the drying efficiency can be further improved by controlling the rotation speed.
- the rotation speed may be 1 rpm or more, or 3 rpm or more, or 5 rpm or more, or 8 rpm or more, and may be 20 rpm or less, or 15 rpm or less, or 12 rpm or less, or 10 rpm or less, and the moisture content of the hydrogel polymer within the above range.
- it is preferably determined by considering drying conditions such as the amount of hydrogel polymer, type of fluidized drying device, drying temperature, and drying time.
- the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer obtained through the above secondary drying process has a smaller average particle diameter than the water-containing gel polymer obtained through the conventional water-containing gel pulverization process, and the ratio of polymers having large particles among the polymers is low.
- the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer has an average particle diameter of 900 to 1500 ⁇ m, and the content of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer having a particle size of 1400 ⁇ m or more is in the total middle of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer. 25% by weight or less.
- the average particle diameter of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer is 900 ⁇ m or more, or 950 ⁇ m or more, or 970 ⁇ m or more, and 1500 ⁇ m or less, or 1300 ⁇ m or less, or 1280 ⁇ m or less, or 1200 ⁇ m or less , or the content of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer having a particle size of 1150 ⁇ m or less and 1400 ⁇ m or more is 25% by weight or less, or 20% by weight or less, or 19.9% by weight based on the total weight of the secondarily dried water-containing gel polymer % or less, or less than or equal to 10%, or less than or equal to 5%, or less than or equal to 3% by weight.
- the lower the content of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer having a particle size of 1400 ⁇ m or more is preferable, so the lower limit is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, 0.001% by weight or more, or 0.1% by weight or more.
- the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m that is, the content of fine powder is less than 0.2% by weight, specifically 0.1% by weight or less, based on the total weight of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer.
- the fine powder content in the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer is almost the same as the fine powder content in the superabsorbent polymer finally prepared by surface crosslinking. Considering this, it can be expected that the fine powder content in the surface-treated final superabsorbent polymer is also very low to the level of the above content range from the fine powder content in the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer. In contrast to the formation of about 10% by weight to about 20% by weight of fine powder in the case of preparing a superabsorbent polymer.
- step 6 is a step of preparing superabsorbent polymer particles by pulverizing the secondarily dried water-containing gel polymer obtained in step 5 above.
- the pulverizing step may be performed so that the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer has a normal particle size, that is, a particle size of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m.
- the grinder used for this purpose is specifically a vertical pulverizer, a turbo cutter, a turbo grinder, a rotary cutter mill, a cutter mill, It may be a disc mill, a shred crusher, a crusher, a chopper, or a disc cutter, but is not limited to the above examples.
- a pin mill hammer mill, screw mill, roll mill, disc mill, or jog mill
- a pin mill hammer mill, screw mill, roll mill, disc mill, or jog mill
- the manufacturing method according to one embodiment of the present invention may further include a step of classifying according to a particle diameter after obtaining the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- a surface crosslinking layer is formed on at least a part of the surface of the super absorbent polymer particles in the presence of a surface crosslinking agent.
- a forming step may be further included.
- the crosslinked polymer included in the dry superabsorbent polymer particles may be additionally crosslinked with a surface crosslinking agent to form a surface crosslinked layer on at least a part of the surface of the dried superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the surface crosslinking agent any surface crosslinking agent conventionally used in the preparation of the superabsorbent polymer may be used without particular limitation.
- the surface crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, 1,3-hexanediol, 2- 1 selected from the group consisting of methyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-pentanediol, 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, tripropylene glycol and glycerol more than one polyol; At least one carbonate-based compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate and glycerol carbonate; epoxy compounds such as ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether; oxazoline compounds such
- one or more, two or more, or three or more of the above-described surface cross-linking agents may be used as the surface cross-linking agent.
- ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, and propylene glycol may be mixed and used.
- the surface crosslinking agent may be used in an amount of 0.001 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the dry superabsorbent polymer particles. More specifically, the surface crosslinking agent is 0.001 parts by weight or more, or 0.01 parts by weight or more, or 0.1 parts by weight or more, or 0.3 parts by weight or more, or 0.4 parts by weight or more based on 100 parts by weight of dry superabsorbent polymer particles, or It may be used in an amount of 5 parts by weight or less, or 3 parts by weight or less, or 1 part by weight or less.
- a superabsorbent polymer exhibiting excellent absorbent properties may be prepared.
- the forming of the surface cross-linking layer may be performed by adding an inorganic material to the surface cross-linking agent. That is, the step of forming a surface crosslinking layer may be performed by additionally crosslinking the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particle in the presence of the surface crosslinking agent and the inorganic material.
- the inorganic material at least one inorganic material selected from the group consisting of silica, clay, alumina, silica-alumina composite, titania, zinc oxide, and aluminum sulfate may be used.
- the inorganic material may be used in a powder form or a liquid form, and in particular, may be used as an alumina powder, a silica-alumina powder, a titania powder, or a nano-silica solution.
- the inorganic material is 0.001 to 1 part by weight, more specifically, 0.001 part by weight or more, or 0.01 part by weight or more, or 0.1 part by weight or more, 1 part by weight or less, or 0.5 part by weight based on 100 parts by weight of dry super absorbent polymer particles. It can be used in an amount below part.
- the structure of the method of mixing the surface crosslinking agent with the superabsorbent polymer particles There is no limitation on the structure of the method of mixing the surface crosslinking agent with the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- a method of mixing the surface crosslinking agent and superabsorbent polymer particles in a reaction tank, spraying the surface crosslinking agent on the superabsorbent polymer particles, or continuously supplying and mixing the superabsorbent polymer particles and the surface crosslinking agent to a continuously operated mixer. method, etc. can be used.
- water and methanol may be additionally mixed and added.
- water and methanol there is an advantage in that the surface crosslinking agent can be evenly dispersed in the superabsorbent polymer particles.
- the amounts of added water and methanol may be appropriately adjusted to induce uniform dispersion of the surface crosslinking agent, prevent agglomeration of the superabsorbent polymer particles, and optimize the surface penetration depth of the crosslinking agent.
- the surface crosslinking process may be performed at a temperature of 80 °C to 250 °C. More specifically, the surface crosslinking process may be performed at a temperature of 100 °C to 220 °C, or 120 °C to 200 °C for 20 minutes to 2 hours, or 40 minutes to 80 minutes. When the above-described surface crosslinking process conditions are satisfied, the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particle is sufficiently crosslinked to increase absorbency under pressure.
- the means for raising the temperature for the surface crosslinking reaction is not particularly limited. It can be heated by supplying a heat medium or directly supplying a heat source.
- a heat medium As the type of heat medium that can be used, steam, hot air, heated fluids such as hot oil, etc. can be used, but are not limited thereto, and the temperature of the heat medium supplied depends on the means of the heat medium, the heating rate, and the target temperature of the heating medium. can be selected appropriately.
- the directly supplied heat source heating through electricity or heating through gas may be mentioned, but is not limited to the above example.
- a cooling step of cooling the super absorbent polymer particle having the surface cross-linked layer formed thereon may further include at least one of a hydrolysis step of injecting water into the super absorbent polymer particles on which the surface crosslinking layer is formed, and a post-treatment step of injecting an additive into the super absorbent polymer particles on which the surface crosslinking layer is formed.
- the cooling step, the adding step, and the post-treatment step may be performed sequentially or simultaneously.
- additives such as a liquid permeability improver, an anti-caking agent, a fluidity improver, or an antioxidant may be optionally added, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- the moisture content of the final super absorbent polymer can be improved and a higher quality super absorbent polymer product can be manufactured.
- the superabsorbent polymer prepared by the above manufacturing method has a low fine powder content and a fast absorption rate without a separate classification process, and has water retention capacity (CRC) and absorbency under load (AUP), which are overall absorption properties, compared to the superabsorbent polymer prepared by the conventional method. may be at or above this level.
- CRC water retention capacity
- AUP absorbency under load
- the particle size distribution can be narrowed to have a uniform particle size distribution, and the water-soluble component (EC) content is low, so that liquid permeability, rewet characteristics, and absorption rate are all excellent.
- EC water-soluble component
- the superabsorbent polymer includes a polymer obtained by crosslinking polymerization of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having an acidic group and an internal crosslinking agent, and at least some of the acidic groups of the polymer are neutralized.
- the superabsorbent polymer may further include a surface crosslinking layer formed on the polymer by further crosslinking the polymer through a surface crosslinking agent.
- the superabsorbent polymer has a water retention capacity (CRC) of about 30 g/g or more, or about 35 g/g or more, or about 37 g/g or more, and about 50 g/g or less, as measured according to DANA method WSP 241.3. , or about 45 g/g or less, or about 40 g/g or less.
- CRC water retention capacity
- the superabsorbent polymer may have a vortex time of 100 seconds or less, or 90 seconds or less, or 85 seconds or less, or 50 seconds or less, or 30 seconds or less.
- the lower limit of the absorption rate is 0 seconds in theory, but may be, for example, about 5 seconds or more, about 10 seconds or more, or about 12 seconds or more.
- the absorption rate refers to the time (time, unit: seconds) at which the vortex of the liquid disappears due to rapid absorption when the superabsorbent polymer is added to physiological saline and stirred, and the shorter the time, the higher the superabsorbent polymer can be seen as having a fast initial absorption rate.
- the water-containing gel polymer prepared in step 1 was cut into pieces measuring 5 cm in width and 5 cm in length, and Glycerol Mono Laurate (GML) as a surfactant was dissolved in water at a high temperature of 60 ° C to form a 5 wt% aqueous solution.
- GML Glycerol Mono Laurate
- the first hydrogel was pulverized by putting it into a first micronizer (F200, Karl Schnell) equipped with a perforated plate having a plurality of holes with a hole size of 2 mm. . At this time, the first atomization device was rotated at 1500 rpm.
- the firstly dried water-containing gel polymer was put into a second micronizer (F200, Karl Schnell) equipped with a perforated plate having a plurality of holes having a hole size of 1 mm, and the second water-containing gel was pulverized. At this time, the second atomization device was rotated at 1500 rpm.
- F200 Karl Schnell
- the secondary pulverized water-containing gel polymer obtained in step 2 was dried at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 10 rpm using a rotary kiln fluid dryer (ROTARY KILN, manufactured by WOONGBI MACHINERY CO., LTD.), The secondary dried water-containing gel polymer was recovered.
- a rotary kiln fluid dryer ROTARY KILN, manufactured by WOONGBI MACHINERY CO., LTD.
- the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer was pulverized using a two-stage roll mill (GRAN-U-LIZER TM , MPE) to form particles having a particle size of 150 ⁇ m to 850 ⁇ m.
- the roll gap of the first stage was 0.3 mm
- the roll gap of the second stage was 0.2 mm.
- a surface crosslinking solution prepared by mixing 4.8 g of water, 0.1 g of propylene glycol, 0.8 g of ethylene carbonate, 0.8 g of propylene carbonate, and 0.87 g of a 23% aluminum sulfate aqueous solution with respect to 100 g of the superabsorbent polymer particles obtained above The mixture was added and mixed for 2 minutes, and dried at 185° C. for 60 minutes to prepare a final superabsorbent polymer.
- a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the drying process in the first drying step in Example 1 was performed for 3 minutes.
- a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the drying process in the primary drying step in Example 1 was performed for 7 minutes.
- a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the drying process in the first drying step in Example 1 was performed for 2 minutes.
- polymerization initiators 1.3 g of 0.3% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution, 1.5 g of 1% aqueous ascorbic acid solution, and 3.0 g of 2% aqueous solution of 2,2'-azobis amidinopropane dihydrochloride were added, and at the same time, 0.01% of 0.01% of aqueous solution was added as a reducing agent. 1.5 g of an aqueous iron sulfate solution was added and mixed. After the polymerization reaction started in the resulting mixture and the temperature of the polymer reached 85°C, polymerization was performed in an oven at 90 ⁇ 2°C for about 6 hours to prepare a water-containing gel polymer.
- a superabsorbent polymer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using the hydrogel polymer prepared above.
- Example 2 It was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the first drying process for the firstly pulverized water-containing gel polymer was not performed after the first crushing process of the hydrogel in Example 1.
- Example 2 It was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the secondary drying process for the secondary pulverized water-containing gel polymer was not performed after the secondary hydrogel pulverization process in Example 1.
- Example 1 the same method as in Example 1 was performed except that the surfactant was not added when the first hydrogel polymer was pulverized.
- the water-containing gel polymer did not pass through the first atomization device due to the non-injection of the surfactant, making it difficult to grind the first water-containing gel.
- Example 1 Example 1 and Example 1, except that after the first pulverization of the hydrogel in Example 1, the drying process was performed in a stationary drying method using a ventilated dryer with a perforated plate for the primarily pulverized hydrogel polymer. It was performed in the same way.
- Example 1 In the primary drying step of Example 1, the same method as in Example 1 was performed except that drying using a rotary kiln fluid dryer was performed for 10 minutes.
- Example 1 In the primary drying step of Example 1, the same method as in Example 1 was performed except that drying using a rotary kiln fluidized dryer was performed for 1 minute.
- the water content of the hydrogel polymer, the moisture content of the primarily dried hydrogel polymer, and the secondary dried hydrogel polymer were measured as follows. The particle size and average particle diameter of the polymer were respectively measured. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
- the water-containing gel polymers in Examples and Comparative Examples were irradiated with infrared rays and heated and dried at 180° C., and the weights of the water-containing gel polymers before and after heating were measured, respectively, and then the water content was calculated according to Equation 2 below using the weights of the water-containing gel polymers. did At this time, the drying conditions were maintained at 180 ° C after raising the temperature from room temperature to about 180 ° C, and the total drying time was set to 40 minutes including 5 minutes of the temperature raising step.
- Moisture content (% by weight) [(Ao - At) / Ao ] x 100
- Equation 2 At is the weight of the hydrogel polymer after drying, and Ao is the weight of the hydrogel polymer before drying.
- the heating and drying process was performed in the same manner as above except for using the primarily dried water-containing gel polymer in Examples and Comparative Examples, and the weight of the water-containing gel polymer before and after heating was measured, respectively. Then, the moisture content was obtained according to Equation 2 above.
- Particle size and average particle diameter were measured for the secondary dried water-containing gel polymers in Examples and Comparative Examples.
- standard sieves having sizes of 4000 ⁇ m, 2000 ⁇ m, 1400 ⁇ m, 850 ⁇ m, 710 ⁇ m, 600 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m, and 150 ⁇ m of ASTM standard were prepared as classifiers, and the following Classifiers were arranged according to eye size so that the classification process could proceed in the same order. Thereafter, vibration was applied at an amplitude of 1.5 mm for 10 minutes, and the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer particles in Examples and Comparative Examples were classified. After completion of the classification, the particle size distribution was expressed as a percentage by measuring the particle weight at the top of each classification body. In addition, the average particle diameter was obtained according to the following Equation 1 using the measured particle weight of the upper portion of each classifier.
- n means the order of the classification process, and n is 1 or more and is less than or equal to the total number of classification processes using a classification body. In this experimental example, n is an integer from 1 to 8.
- Equation 1 "(n + 1)th classifier eye size” is the size of the eye at the last pan, and since the pan does not contain the eye, its value is 0.
- Examples 1 and 2 in which the ratio of the water content of the water-containing gel polymer to the water content of the water-containing gel polymer after primary drying satisfies the optimum range, are compared to Comparative Example 1 in which the water-containing gel polymer is pulverized without a conventional drying process, After that, the average particle diameter of the water-containing gel polymer decreased, and the content of the water-containing gel polymer having a particle size of 1400 ⁇ m or more among the total particles significantly decreased.
- physiological saline or saline means 0.9 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) aqueous solution.
- the superabsorbent polymer W 0 (g) (about 0.2 g) obtained through Examples and Comparative Examples was uniformly placed in a nonwoven fabric bag, sealed, and then treated with physiological saline (0.9% by weight) at room temperature. submerged in After 30 minutes, water was drained from the bag for 3 minutes under the condition of 250 G using a centrifuge, and the mass W 2 (g) of the bag was measured. Moreover, after carrying out the same operation without using resin, the mass W1 (g) at that time was measured.
- CRC (g/g) ⁇ [W 2 (g) - W 1 (g)]/W 0 (g) ⁇ - 1
- the absorption rate (vortex time) was measured in seconds according to the method described in International Publication No. 1987-003208.
- the secondary dried water-containing gel polymers prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were pulverized using a roll mill (66F model from MPE), respectively. At this time, the roll mill interval was set to 0.15 mm.
- standard sieves having 4000 ⁇ m, 2000 ⁇ m, 1400 ⁇ m, 850 ⁇ m, 710 ⁇ m, 600 ⁇ m, 300 ⁇ m, and 150 ⁇ m size sieve of ASTM standard were prepared and classified in the following order.
- a standard sieve was arranged according to the size of the sieve so that the process could proceed. Thereafter, vibration was applied at an amplitude of 1.5 mm for 10 minutes, and the pulverized hydrogel polymer particles were classified. After the classification was completed, the weight of the fine powder having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m was measured and expressed as a percentage based on the total weight of the secondary dried water-containing gel polymer according to Equation 4 below.
- Amount of fine powder generated [weight of fine powder having a particle size of less than 150 ⁇ m / total weight of secondary dried water-containing gel polymer] x 100
- Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 6 CRC (g/g) 39.2 39.4 38.9 39.1 37.2 38.9 38.8 Voltex(s) 86 84 84 85 28 85 83 Differential generation amount (% by weight) 6.8 7.5 6.7 8.1 8.2 9.7 9.4
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Abstract
Description
실시예1 | 실시예2 | 실시예3 | 실시예4 | 실시예 5 | 비교예 1 | 비교예6 | |
CRC (g/g) | 39.2 | 39.4 | 38.9 | 39.1 | 37.2 | 38.9 | 38.8 |
Voltex (s) | 86 | 84 | 84 | 85 | 28 | 85 | 83 |
미분 발생량(중량%) | 6.8 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 8.1 | 8.2 | 9.7 | 9.4 |
Claims (15)
- 산성기를 갖는 수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체와 내부 가교제가 가교 중합된 함수겔 중합체를 형성하는 단계;계면 활성제의 존재 하에, 상기 함수겔 중합체를 1차 함수겔 분쇄하여, 1차 분쇄된 함수겔 중합체를 제조하는 단계;상기 1차 분쇄된 함수겔 중합체를 1차 유동식 건조하여, 1차 건조된 함수겔 중합체를 제조하는 단계;상기 1차 건조된 함수겔 중합체를 2차 함수겔 분쇄하여, 2차 분쇄된 함수겔 중합체를 제조하는 단계;상기 2차 분쇄된 함수겔 중합체를 2차 유동식 건조하여, 2차 건조된 함수겔 중합체를 제조하는 단계; 및상기 2차 건조된 함수겔 중합체를 분쇄하여 고흡수성 수지 입자를 제조하는 단계;를 포함하며,상기 1차 건조는, 상기 함수겔 중합체의 함수율에 대한 상기 1차 건조된 함수겔 중합체의 함수율의 비가 45% 내지 80%가 되도록 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1차 건조는, 상기 함수겔 중합체의 함수율에 대한 상기 1차 건조된 함수겔 중합체의 함수율의 비가 47% 내지 78%가 되도록 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1차 건조는 100 내지 300℃에서 5분 내지 20분 동안 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1차 건조된 함수겔 중합체의 함수율이, 1차 건조된 함수겔 중합체의 총 중량에 대하여 20 내지 50중량%인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 2차 건조는 100 내지 250℃의 온도에서 20 내지 60분 동안 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1차 유동식 건조 및 2차 유동식 건조는, 각각 횡형 믹서 드라이어, 로터리 킬른, 패들 드라이어, 또는 스팀 튜브 드라이어를 이용하여 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 2차 건조된 함수겔 중합체의 평균 입경이 900 내지 1500㎛이고,1400㎛ 이상의 입자 크기를 갖는 2차 건조된 함수겔 중합체의 함량이, 상기 2차 건조된 함수겔 중합체 총 중랑에 대하여 25중량% 이하인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 1차 함수겔 분쇄 및 2차 함수겔 분쇄는, 각각 제1 미립화 장치 및 제2 미립화 장치에 의해 수행되며,상기 제1 미립화 장치 및 제2 미립화 장치는 각각,내부에 함수겔 중합체가 이송되는 이송 공간을 포함하는 바디부;상기 이송 공간의 내부에 회전 가능하게 설치되어 함수겔 중합체를 이동시키는 스크류 부재;상기 스크류 부재에 회전 구동력을 제공하는 구동모터;상기 바디부에 설치되어 상기 함수겔 중합체를 분쇄하는 커터 부재; 및상기 커터 부재에 의해 분쇄된 상기 함수겔 중합체를 상기 바디부의 외부로 배출하며, 다수의 홀이 형성된 다공판을 포함하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 제2 미립화 장치의 다공판에 구비된 홀 크기가, 상기 제1 미립화 장치의 다공판에 구비된 홀 크기보다 작은,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제9항에 있어서,상기 제1 미립화 장치에서 다공판에 구비된 홀 크기는 1 mm 내지 10 mm이고,상기 제2 미립화 장치에서 다공판에 구비된 홀 크기는 0.5 mm 내지 6 mm 인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 계면 활성제는 하기 화학식 2로 표시되는 화합물 또는 이의 염을 포함하는, 고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.[화학식 2]상기 화학식 2에서,A1, A2 및 A3는 각각 독립적으로, 단일 결합, 카보닐, , 또는 이고, 단, 이들 중 하나 이상은 카보닐 또는 이고, 여기서, m1, m2 및 m3는 각각 독립적으로, 1 내지 8의 정수이고, 은 각각 인접한 산소 원자와 연결되고, 은 인접한 R1, R2 및 R3와 각각 연결되고,R1, R2 및 R3는 각각 독립적으로, 수소, 탄소수 6 내지 18의 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알킬 또는 탄소수 6 내지 18의 직쇄 또는 분지쇄의 알케닐이고,n은 1 내지 9의 정수이다.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 함수겔 중합체를 형성하는 단계는,수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체의 적어도 일부의 산성기를 중화하는 단계, 및 상기 적어도 일부가 중화된 산성기를 갖는 수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체, 내부 가교제, 및 중합 개시제를 포함하는 단량체 조성물에 대하여 중합을 수행하여, 함수겔 중합체를 형성하는 단계로 수행되거나; 또는산성기를 갖는 수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체, 내부 가교제, 및 중합 개시제를 포함하는 단량체 조성물에 대하여 중합을 수행하여, 상기 산성기를 갖는 수용성 에틸렌계 불포화 단량체 및 내부 가교제가 가교 중합된 중합체를 형성하는 단계, 및 상기 중합체의 적어도 일부의 산성기를 중화시켜 함수겔 중합체를 형성하는 단계로 수행되는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 함수겔 중합체의 함수율이, 함수겔 중합체 총 중량에 대하여 30 내지 80중량%인,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고흡수성 수지 입자를 제조하는 단계 후, 상기 고흡수성 수지 입자를 입경에 따라 분급하는 단계를 더 포함하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 고흡수성 수지 입자를 제조하는 단계 후, 상기 고흡수성 수지 입자의 표면 중 적어도 일부에 표면 가교층을 형성하는 단계를 더 포함하는,고흡수성 수지의 제조 방법.
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