WO2022264501A1 - レドックスフロー電池システム - Google Patents
レドックスフロー電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022264501A1 WO2022264501A1 PCT/JP2022/005552 JP2022005552W WO2022264501A1 WO 2022264501 A1 WO2022264501 A1 WO 2022264501A1 JP 2022005552 W JP2022005552 W JP 2022005552W WO 2022264501 A1 WO2022264501 A1 WO 2022264501A1
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- Prior art keywords
- flow battery
- redox flow
- charging
- power
- discharging
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to redox flow battery systems.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-100591 filed with the Japan Patent Office on June 17, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein.
- a redox flow battery is composed of a cell and a tank that stores an electrolytic solution, as described in Patent Document 1, for example, and is charged and discharged by circulating the electrolytic solution between the cell and the tank with a pump. It is a secondary battery that is used.
- the cell responsible for output and the electrolyte (tank that stores the electrolyte) responsible for power storage are separated, so it is possible to design the output and electric capacity separately.
- the redox flow battery is a system that stores electrical energy in the electrolyte, but the upper limit of charging and the lower limit of discharging differ depending on the storage rate of the electrolyte and the flow rate of the electrolyte inside the cell. This is because the concentration overvoltage of the electrolyte is strongly influenced by the charge storage rate and flow velocity of the electrolyte. will also grow. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the charge/discharge operation of the redox flow battery.
- At least one embodiment of the present disclosure aims to provide a redox flow battery system with improved operation regarding charging and discharging of the redox flow battery.
- a redox flow battery system includes a redox flow battery and a power supply device that supplies power for charging the redox flow battery to the redox flow battery, wherein the power supply The device ramps down the power supplied to the redox flow battery towards the end of charging of the redox flow battery.
- the redox flow battery system of the present disclosure by decreasing the power supplied to the redox flow battery toward the end of charging of the redox flow battery, the upper limit of charging of the redox flow battery can be increased. In addition, since the lower limit of discharge of the redox flow battery can be lowered, the operation of charging and discharging the redox flow battery can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration schematic diagram of a redox flow battery system according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of a study by the inventors of the present disclosure regarding the operation of charge and discharge of a redox flow battery. 4 is a graph showing the power generation state of the photovoltaic power generation device and the charge state of the redox flow battery.
- FIG. 4 is a configuration schematic diagram of a modification of the redox flow battery system according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a configuration schematic diagram of a redox flow battery system according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;
- a redox flow battery system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below based on the drawings.
- the embodiments described below represent one aspect of the present disclosure, do not limit the disclosure, and can be arbitrarily changed within the scope of the technical idea of the present disclosure.
- a redox flow battery system 20 includes a redox flow battery 1 and a power supply electrically connected to the redox flow battery 1 via an AC-DC converter 16.
- a device 17 is provided.
- the power supply device 17 supplies power to the redox flow battery 1 in order to charge the redox flow battery 1, and may be a storage battery or power generation device of any configuration.
- a load 18 that consumes power discharged from the redox flow battery 1 is electrically connected to the AC/DC converter 16 . If the current supplied from the power supply device 17 is a DC current and the load 18 operates on a DC current, the AC/DC converter 16 is not required.
- the redox flow battery 1 includes a cell 2 having a first chamber 3 and a second chamber 4 separated by a diaphragm 5, a first tank 6 storing a first electrolytic solution 12 containing an active material, and a first chamber 3.
- the first tank 6 and the first pump 7 are provided in a first electrolytic solution circulation path 10 having one end and the other end connected to the first chamber 3 .
- the second tank 8 and the second pump 9 are provided in a second electrolytic solution circulation path 11 having one end and the other end connected to the second chamber 4 .
- a first electrode 14 is provided in the first chamber 3 and a second electrode 15 is provided in the second chamber 4 .
- the first electrode 14 and the second electrode 15 are each electrically connected to an AC/DC converter 16 .
- the redox flow battery 1 may be a stack of two or more cells.
- the output of the redox flow battery 1 can be designed according to the number of stacked cells 2 .
- the electric capacity of the redox flow battery 1 can be designed according to the capacities of the first tank 6 and the second tank 8, that is, the amounts of the first electrolytic solution 12 and the second electrolytic solution 13.
- Each of the first electrolytic solution 12 and the second electrolytic solution 13 is obtained by dissolving an active material in an aqueous solution containing a supporting electrolyte.
- an aqueous solution an alkaline aqueous solution in which potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, or the like is dissolved, a neutral aqueous solution in which potassium chloride, sodium chloride, or the like is dissolved, or an acidic aqueous solution in which hydrogen chloride or sulfuric acid is dissolved can be used.
- the active material dissolved in either the first electrolytic solution 12 or the second electrolytic solution 13 may be metal ions such as vanadium, metal complexes, air, halogens, organic molecules such as quinone or hydroquinone, and the like.
- the AC current from the power supply device 17 is converted to DC current by the AC/DC converter 16 , and this DC current flows between the first electrode 14 and the second electrode 15 .
- the redox flow battery 1 when the first chamber 3 is on the positive electrode side and the second chamber 4 is on the negative electrode side, electrons flow to the second electrode 15 and are contained in the second electrolyte 13 from the second electrode 15. supplied to the active material.
- electrons are supplied to the first electrode 14 from the active material contained in the first electrolytic solution 12 . As a result, charges are accumulated in the first electrolytic solution 12 and the redox flow battery 1 is charged.
- FIG. 2 shows the redox flow battery 1 in each pattern when the redox flow battery 1 is charged with three different current patterns A, B, and C (the magnitude relationship of the current values is A ⁇ B ⁇ C). shows the upper limit of the charging rate (upper limit of charging). In addition, FIG. 2 shows the charge that can be discharged when the redox flow battery 1 is charged in each pattern and the charging rate reaches the respective upper limit, and then the redox flow battery 1 is discharged at the same constant current value. The lower limit of rate (lower limit of discharge) is also shown. According to FIG. 2, the lower the current value supplied during charging, that is, the higher the upper limit value of charging and the lower the lower limit value of discharging, in the order of pattern C, pattern B, and pattern A. rice field.
- the amount of power generated by the photovoltaic power generation apparatus generally begins charging after sunrise (morning), increases toward noon, and then rises at sunset (night). , the amount of power generation decreases.
- the vertical axis on the left side of the graph in FIG. 3 uses the current value (cell current) flowing through the cells of the photovoltaic power generation device as an index of the power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation device.
- the current value supplied to the redox flow battery 1 increases until noon. As indicated by the dashed line in FIG. 3, the charging rate of the redox flow battery 1 increases. After that, toward sunset, the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation device decreases, so the current value supplied to the redox flow battery 1 also decreases, but the charging rate of the redox flow battery 1 is high during this period. corresponds to the end of charging. As a result, the current value supplied to the redox flow battery 1 decreases at the end of charging of the redox flow battery 1 . The increase in the charge rate of the redox flow battery 1 during this period is slower than the increase in the charge rate from sunrise to noon.
- a power supply device of any configuration can be used, such as a tidal current power generation device that generates power in cycles of ebb and flow (approximately 6 hours).
- a current sensor 30, which is a detection device that detects the value of current supplied from the solar power generation device as the power supply device 17 to the redox flow battery 1, is provided. be set in advance.
- the lower limit can be arbitrarily determined based on the shunt current specific to the redox flow battery 1. For example, it may be the same value as the shunt current, or may be a few percent higher than the shunt current. can be a value.
- the current sensor 30 is electrically connected to the first pump 7 and the second pump 9 so that the first pump 7 and the second pump 9 can be stopped and started by commands from the current sensor 30. .
- the current sensor 30 transmits a stop command to the first pump 7, the second pump 9, and the power supply device 17,
- the first pump 7 and the second pump 9 and the power supply device 17 are stopped to stop the circulation of the first electrolytic solution 12 and the second electrolytic solution 13, and the charging of the redox flow battery 1 is stopped.
- the current sensor 30 transmits a start command to the first pump 7, the second pump 9, and the power supply device 17.
- the first pump 7 and the second pump 9 are activated to restart circulation of the first electrolytic solution 12 and the second electrolytic solution 13, and charging of the redox flow battery 1 is restarted. Such an operation can prevent a reduction in the amount of charge due to power loss due to the shunt current of the redox flow battery 1 .
- the operator of the redox flow battery system 20 may manually stop and start the first and second pumps 7 and 9 and the power supply device 17 based on the values detected by the current sensor 30 .
- Embodiment 2 Next, a redox flow battery system according to Embodiment 2 will be described.
- the redox flow battery system according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it can cope with temporary fluctuations in power supplied from the power supply device 17 or power consumption in the load 18 .
- the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the redox flow battery system 20 according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure includes, in addition to the redox flow battery 1, a charging redox flow battery 1A having the same configuration as the redox flow battery 1 and a discharging redox flow battery. It has a flow battery 1B.
- the charging redox flow battery 1A and the discharging redox flow battery 1B each have the same configuration as the redox flow battery 1, but the output and capacity of the former are smaller than the output and capacity of the latter.
- the output and capacity of the former may be about 10% of the output and capacity of the latter.
- the output and capacity of the latter are set according to the required amount (output/capacity) exceeding the rating generated based on the transition of power consumption in the load 18 .
- the first electrode 14 and the second electrode 15 of the charging redox flow battery 1A and the discharging redox flow battery 1B are electrically connected to an AC/DC converter 16, respectively.
- the initial charging rate of the charging redox flow battery 1A is set to approximately the lower limit of the dischargeable charging rate, and the initial charging rate of the discharging redox flow battery 1B is set to approximately the upper limit.
- Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 illustrates a configuration in which one charging redox flow battery 1A and one discharging redox flow battery 1B are provided, the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
- the charging redox flow battery 1A or the discharging redox flow battery 1B may be provided, or the number of each of the charging redox flow battery 1A and the discharging redox flow battery 1B provided may be two or more. Alternatively, the number of redox flow batteries 1A for charging and the number of redox flow batteries 1B for discharging may be different.
- the current value supplied to the redox flow battery 1 is decreased.
- the current value supplied to the redox flow battery 1 will not fall below the assumed value.
- a part of the direct current converted in the AC-DC converter 16 is supplied to the charging redox flow battery 1A to supply power not only to the redox flow battery 1 but also to the charging redox flow battery 1A. to charge.
- the remaining electric power can be stored in the charging redox flow battery 1 ⁇ /b>A while continuing to improve the operation of charging and discharging the redox flow battery 1 .
- Such an operation is performed by providing the current sensor 30 (FIG. 4) provided in the modified example of the first embodiment in the second embodiment, and applying direct current to each of the redox flow battery 1 and the charging redox flow battery 1A.
- the operator of the redox flow battery system 20 can manually switch between the redox flow battery 1 and the charging redox flow battery 1A based on the values detected by the current sensor 30.
- the control device (not shown) may automatically adjust the ratio of the DC current distributed to the .
- Such an operation may be performed by the operator of the redox flow battery system 20 manually starting discharge from the discharging redox flow battery 1B based on the electric power required by the load 18, or not shown.
- the control device may automatically start discharging from the discharging redox flow battery 1B based on the power required by the load 18 .
- the charging redox flow battery 1A When the charging redox flow battery 1A is charged by the above operation, the initial charging rate was low, but after charging, the charging rate increases. On the other hand, when the discharging redox flow battery 1B is discharged by the above-described operation, although the charging rate was high at the beginning, the charging rate becomes low after discharging. Therefore, after the charging redox flow battery 1A and the discharging redox flow battery 1B perform the above operations, the charging redox flow battery 1A is used as the discharging redox flow battery, and the discharging redox flow battery 1B is charged. can be used as a redox flow battery. According to such a usage pattern, the redox flow battery 1A for charging and the redox flow battery 1B for discharging can be alternately diverted, so that it is possible to save the trouble of preparing for their installation.
- each of the charging redox flow battery 1A and the discharging redox flow battery 1B includes the first tank 6 and the second tank 8, but the invention is not limited to this form.
- Each of the charging redox flow battery 1A and the discharging redox flow battery 1B does not include the first tank 6 and the second tank 8, and the first electrolytic solution circulation path 10 and the second electrolytic solution circulation path 11 are respectively The first electrolytic solution 12 and the second electrolytic solution may be shared by connecting to the first tank 6 and the second tank 8 of the redox flow battery 1 .
- Embodiment 2 is premised on improving the operation related to charging and discharging of the redox flow battery 1, but is not limited to this form.
- part of the power is charged when the power supplied to the redox flow battery 1 is more than necessary under the condition that the current value supplied to the redox flow battery 1 is not lowered.
- power is also supplied to the load 18 from the redox flow battery 1B for discharge. You may do so.
- a redox flow battery system includes: a redox flow battery (1); a power supply device (17) that supplies power for charging the redox flow battery (1) to the redox flow battery (1); The power supply device (17) decreases the power supplied to the redox flow battery (1) toward the end of charging of the redox flow battery (1).
- the redox flow battery system of the present disclosure by decreasing the power supplied to the redox flow battery toward the end of charging of the redox flow battery, the upper limit of charging of the redox flow battery can be increased. In addition, since the lower limit of discharge of the redox flow battery can be lowered, the operation of charging and discharging the redox flow battery can be improved.
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system of [1], Said power supply (17) is a photovoltaic power plant.
- Photovoltaic power generation equipment generally exhibits a behavior in which the power output increases from morning to daytime and decreases from daytime to sunset. If the power output behavior of the solar power generation device from daytime to sunset is used to supply power to the redox flow battery at the end of charging, the power supplied to the redox flow battery will decrease toward the end of charging of the redox flow battery.
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system of [1],
- the power supply is a tidal current generator.
- a tidal power generator generally generates power in the cycle of the ebb and flow of the tide (approximately 6 hours). If the behavior of power generation output at timings close to high tide and low tide is used for power supply at the end of charging of the redox flow battery, the power supplied to the redox flow battery can be reduced toward the end of charging of the redox flow battery. .
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system according to any one of [1] to [3], A detection device (current sensor 30) for detecting a current value supplied from the power supply device (17) to the redox flow battery (1), Charging of the redox flow battery (1) is stopped when the value detected by the detection device (30) is equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit.
- the redox flow battery has power loss due to the inherent shunt current based on its configuration.
- the current supplied to the redox flow battery at the end of charging of the redox flow battery becomes smaller than the shunt current, a phenomenon occurs in which the charge amount decreases even if charging is continued. Therefore, by stopping charging of the redox flow battery when the current supplied to the redox flow battery is equal to or lower than a predetermined lower limit, it is possible to prevent a reduction in the amount of charge due to power loss due to the shunt current. can.
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system of [4], The lower limit value is determined based on the shunt current of the redox flow battery (1).
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system of [1] to [5], It comprises at least one rechargeable redox flow battery (1A) that can be charged with power from said power supply (17).
- the charging redox flow battery is charged with the surplus power. can be improved.
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system of [1] to [6],
- the redox flow battery (1) is electrically connected to a load (18) capable of consuming power discharged from the redox flow battery (1), At least one discharging redox flow battery (1B) electrically connected to supply power to the load (18).
- a redox flow battery system is the redox flow battery system of [6],
- the redox flow battery is electrically connected to a load capable of consuming power discharged from the redox flow battery,
- the redox flow battery system comprises at least one discharging redox flow battery electrically connected to supply power to the load;
- One of the at least one charging redox flow battery charged by power from the power supply becomes one of the at least one discharging redox flow battery and the at least one discharging redox flow battery.
- the battery that powers the load is one of the at least one rechargeable redox flow battery.
- the redox flow battery for charging and the redox flow battery for discharging can be alternately diverted, so that it is possible to save the trouble of preparing for their installation.
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年6月17日に日本国特許庁に出願された特願2021-100591号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
<本開示の実施形態1に係るレドックスフロー電池システムの構成>
図1に示されるように、本開示の実施形態1に係るレドックスフロー電池システム20は、レドックスフロー電池1と、交流直流変換器16を介してレドックスフロー電池1に電気的に接続された電力供給装置17を備えている。電力供給装置17は、レドックスフロー電池1を充電するためにレドックスフロー電池1に電力を供給するものであり、任意の構成の蓄電池や発電装置であってもよい。また、交流直流変換器16には、レドックスフロー電池1から放電された電力を消費する負荷18が電気的に接続されている。尚、電力供給装置17から供給される電流が直流電流であるとともに負荷18が直流電流で稼働するものである場合には、交流直流変換器16は必要ない。
次に、本開示の実施形態1に係るレドックスフロー電池システム20の動作について説明する。第1ポンプ7を稼働することにより、第1タンク6内に貯留する第1電解液12を、第1電解液循環経路10を介して第1室3に供給する。第1室3内に第1電解液12が充満した後、第1電解液12が第1室3から流出し、第1電解液循環経路10を介して第1タンク6に戻される。このようにして、第1電解液12は、第1室3と第1タンク6との間を循環する。一方、第2ポンプ9を稼働することにより、上述した動作と同様の動作によって、第2電解液13は、第2室4と第2タンク8との間を循環する。
本開示の発明者らは、図1に示される構成を有するレドックスフロー電池システム20において、第1電解液12及び第2電解液13の流量を一定にした条件で、電力供給装置17からレドックスフロー電池1に供給される電流値が異なる場合に、レドックスフロー電池1における充電の上限値及び放電の下限値にどのような影響があるかを検討した。その結果を図2に示す。
レドックスフロー電池1の充放電に関する運用を改善するため、具体的には、レドックスフロー電池1に充電された電力の使用可能範囲を広げるためのレドックスフロー電池システム20の動作の具体例を説明する。上記知見に基づけば、レドックスフロー電池1の充電末期に充電電流を低下させていけば、レドックスフロー電池1の充放電に関する運用を改善することができる。このような充電条件を実現するために、電力供給装置17(図1参照)として太陽光発電装置を使用することができる。
日没まで太陽光発電装置からレドックスフロー電池1に電力供給を継続していくと、充電中にもかかわらず、ある時点(図3では16時くらい)からレドックスフロー電池1の充電率が低下する現象が見られることがある。これは、レドックスフロー電池1には、その構成に基づく固有のシャント電流による電力損失が存在するため、レドックスフロー電池1の充電末期においてレドックスフロー電池1に供給される電流がシャント電流よりも小さくなると、充電を続けても充電量が低下するからである。
次に、実施形態2に係るレドックスフロー電池システムについて説明する。実施形態2に係るレドックスフロー電池システムは、実施形態1に対して、電力供給装置17からの供給電力または負荷18における消費電力の一次的な変動に対応可能にしたものである。尚、実施形態2において、実施形態1の構成要件と同じものは同じ参照符号を付し、その詳細な説明は省略する。
図5に示されるように、本開示の実施形態2に係るレドックスフロー電池システム20は、レドックスフロー電池1に加えて、レドックスフロー電池1と同じ構成を有する充電用レドックスフロー電池1A及び放電用レドックスフロー電池1Bを備えている。充電用レドックスフロー電池1A及び放電用レドックスフロー電池1Bはそれぞれレドックスフロー電池1と同じ構成を有しているが、前者の出力及び容量は後者の出力及び容量よりも小さい小型のレドックスフロー電池(例えば前者の出力及び容量は後者の出力及び容量の10%程度)が用いられてもよい。尚、後者の出力及び容量は、負荷18における消費電力の推移に基づき、発生する定格以上の要求量(出力・容量)に合わせて設定される。
電力供給装置17からの供給電力または負荷18における消費電力が安定している場合は、電力供給装置17からの供給電力でレドックスフロー電池1が充電され、レドックスフロー電池1から負荷18へ規定の電力が供給されるので、この場合の実施形態2における動作は実施形態1と同じである。
実施形態2では、充電用レドックスフロー電池1A及び放電用レドックスフロー電池1Bのそれぞれが第1タンク6及び第2タンク8を備えているが、この形態に限定するものではない。充電用レドックスフロー電池1A及び放電用レドックスフロー電池1Bのそれぞれが第1タンク6及び第2タンク8を備えずに、それぞれの第1電解液循環経路10及び第2電解液循環経路11がそれぞれ、レドックスフロー電池1の第1タンク6及び第2タンク8に接続されるように構成して、第1電解液12及び第2電解液のそれぞれを共通化させてもよい。
レドックスフロー電池(1)と、
前記レドックスフロー電池(1)を充電するための電力を前記レドックスフロー電池(1)に供給する電力供給装置(17)と
を備え、
前記電力供給装置(17)は、前記レドックスフロー電池(1)の充電終了に向かって、前記レドックスフロー電池(1)に供給する前記電力を低下していく。
前記電力供給装置(17)は太陽光発電装置である。
前記電力供給装置は潮流発電装置である。
前記電力供給装置(17)から前記レドックスフロー電池(1)に供給される電流値を検出する検出装置(電流センサ30)を備え、
前記検出装置(30)による検出値が予め決められた下限値以下の場合に、前記レドックスフロー電池(1)の充電を停止する。
前記下限値は前記レドックスフロー電池(1)のシャント電流に基づいて決定される。
前記電力供給装置(17)からの電力によって充電可能な少なくとも1つの充電用レドックスフロー電池(1A)を備える。
前記レドックスフロー電池(1)は、該レドックスフロー電池(1)から放電される電力を消費可能な負荷(18)に電気的に接続され、
前記負荷(18)に電力を供給可能に電気的に接続された少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池(1B)を備える。
前記レドックスフロー電池は、該レドックスフロー電池から放電される電力を消費可能な負荷に電気的に接続され、
前記レドックスフロー電池システムは、前記負荷に電力を供給可能に電気的に接続された少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池を備え、
前記少なくとも1つの充電用レドックスフロー電池のうち、前記電力供給装置からの電力によって充電されたものは、前記少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池のうちの1つとなり、前記少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池のうち、前記負荷に電力を供給したものは、前記少なくとも1つの充電用レドックスフロー電池のうちの1つとなる。
1A 充電用レドックスフロー電池
1B 放電用レドックスフロー電池
17 電力供給装置
18 負荷
20 レドックスフロー電池システム
30 電流センサ(検出装置)
Claims (8)
- レドックスフロー電池と、
前記レドックスフロー電池を充電するための電力を前記レドックスフロー電池に供給する電力供給装置と
を備え、
前記電力供給装置は、前記レドックスフロー電池の充電終了に向かって、前記レドックスフロー電池に供給する前記電力を低下していく、レドックスフロー電池システム。 - 前記電力供給装置は太陽光発電装置である、請求項1に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。
- 前記電力供給装置は潮流発電装置である、請求項1に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。
- 前記電力供給装置から前記レドックスフロー電池に供給される電流値を検出する検出装置を備え、
前記検出装置による検出値が予め決められた下限値以下の場合に、前記レドックスフロー電池の充電を停止する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。 - 前記下限値は前記レドックスフロー電池のシャント電流に基づいて決定される、請求項4に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。
- 前記電力供給装置からの電力によって充電可能な少なくとも1つの充電用レドックスフロー電池を備える、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。
- 前記レドックスフロー電池は、該レドックスフロー電池から放電される電力を消費可能な負荷に電気的に接続され、
前記負荷に電力を供給可能に電気的に接続された少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池を備える、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。 - 前記レドックスフロー電池は、該レドックスフロー電池から放電される電力を消費可能な負荷に電気的に接続され、
前記レドックスフロー電池システムは、前記負荷に電力を供給可能に電気的に接続された少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池を備え、
前記少なくとも1つの充電用レドックスフロー電池のうち、前記電力供給装置からの電力によって充電されたものは、前記少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池のうちの1つとなり、前記少なくとも1つの放電用レドックスフロー電池のうち、前記負荷に電力を供給したものは、前記少なくとも1つの充電用レドックスフロー電池のうちの1つとなる、請求項6に記載のレドックスフロー電池システム。
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JPS61205237U (ja) * | 1985-06-12 | 1986-12-24 | ||
JP2018152943A (ja) * | 2017-03-10 | 2018-09-27 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 制御装置、制御方法およびコンピュータプログラム |
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