WO2022259436A1 - 信号処理装置、振動検出システム及び信号処理方法 - Google Patents
信号処理装置、振動検出システム及び信号処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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- the present disclosure relates to a signal processing device and signal processing method for processing signals obtained by performing DAS-P, and a vibration detection system including the signal processing device.
- Non-Patent Document 1 DAS (Distributed Acoustic Sensing) that detects backscattered light due to Rayleigh scattering by injecting pulsed test light into the optical fiber under test as a means of measuring the physical vibration applied to the optical fiber in a distributed manner in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber ) is known (Non-Patent Document 1).
- the DAS captures the change in the optical path length of the optical fiber due to the physical vibration applied to the optical fiber, and senses the vibration. By detecting the vibration, it is possible to detect the movement of an object around the optical fiber to be measured.
- DAS-I DAS-intensity
- DAS-P DAS-phase
- DAS-phase DAS-phase
- the vibration can be measured quantitatively, and the vibration applied to the optical fiber to be measured can be faithfully reproduced (for example, Non-Patent Document 2).
- the phase of the scattered light at the time t when the pulsed light is injected is distributed in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber. That is, the phase ⁇ (l, t) of the scattered light is measured as the distance l from the incident end of the optical fiber.
- the time at which the point at distance l is measured is delayed from the time at which the pulse is incident by the time it takes for the pulsed light to propagate from the incident end to the distance l. Furthermore, it should be noted that the measuring time is delayed by the time required for the scattered light to return to the incident end.
- the magnitude of the physical vibration applied to the section from the distance l to the distance l + ⁇ l at each time nT is the phase ⁇ (l + ⁇ l, nT) at the distance l + ⁇ l, the phase ⁇ (l, nT) at the distance l, and is proportional to the difference .delta..theta.(l, nT). That is, if time zero is used as a reference, the following expression is satisfied.
- the device configuration for detecting the phase of the scattered light includes a direct detection configuration in which the backscattered light from the optical fiber under test is directly detected by a photodiode, etc., and a coherent detection configuration in which the light is combined with a separately prepared reference light There is a configuration using detection (for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- the mechanism that performs coherent detection and calculates the phase is subdivided into two: a software-based processing mechanism using the Hilbert transform and a hardware-based processing mechanism using a 90-degree optical hybrid. Also in this method, the in-phase component I(l, nT) and the quadrature component Q(l, nT) of the scattered light are obtained, and the phase is calculated by the following equation.
- the output value by the four-quadrant arctangent operator Arctan is in the range of (- ⁇ , ⁇ ] in radian units, and m is an arbitrary integer, and 2m ⁇ + ⁇ (l, nT) are all the same vector direction on the xy plane.
- phase unwrapping if the unwrapped phase is ⁇ cal unwrap , for example, when processing is performed in ascending order of time, ⁇ cal unwrap is the same as ⁇ cal at the start point of phase unwrapping.
- ⁇ cal unwrap if any integer p, calculate ⁇ cal unwrap (l, (p+1)T) from ⁇ cal unwrap ( l , pT) as follows.
- phase unwrapping processing is often performed on the calculated difference.
- the direction of the vector when there is no noise corresponds to the phase to be measured.
- the influence of noise is large, there is a probability that the direction of the vector will be in the opposite direction, and the actual measured phase value will differ by ⁇ radians from the ideal phase value in the absence of noise. growing.
- the magnitude of vibration from equation (1) it leads to an erroneous recognition that a large physical force is applied to the optical fiber.
- the influence of the noise of the measuring instrument increases is that the intensity of the scattered light itself decreases when the noise of the measuring instrument can be considered to be the same at each point and time. If it can be increased at points and at each time, it will be possible to reduce the influence of noise in the measuring instrument.
- the reason why the scattered light intensity itself decreases is not only the loss due to absorption and scattering that occurs as the probe pulse light propagates through the optical fiber to be measured. Since pulsed light with a finite time width is incident on the optical fiber under test and the scattering of the pulsed light is detected, scattering from a large number of very finely distributed scatterers on the optical fiber Light interference occurs. As a result of the interference, there occurs a point where the intensity of the scattered light becomes small according to the distribution of the scatterers in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber under measurement at each time. This phenomenon is called fading (Non-Patent Document 3).
- Patent Document 1 when measuring the phase of scattered light in DAS-P, a phase measurement method and a signal processing device that can reduce the influence of noise in the measuring instrument without increasing the peak intensity of the incident light pulse has been proposed.
- pulsed light which is wavelength-multiplexed by arranging pulses of different optical frequency components at time intervals at which changes in the state of the fiber due to vibration can be ignored, is incident on the optical fiber to be measured.
- the scattered light vector obtained by plotting the scattered light at each wavelength from the optical fiber on a two-dimensional plane with the in-phase component on the horizontal axis and the orthogonal component on the vertical axis is created.
- the direction is matched by rotating each wavelength at each point on the fiber, and a new vector is generated by averaging the vectors whose directions are matched, and the in-phase and quadrature components of the generated new vector value is used to calculate the phase.
- Non-Patent Document 4 has been proposed as a solution to the above problem.
- pulses of different optical frequency components are arranged at equal intervals in time and wavelength-multiplexed pulsed light is incident on the optical fiber to be measured, and each wavelength from the optical fiber to be measured Scattered light vector obtained by plotting the scattered light at , on a two-dimensional plane in which the in-phase component is plotted on the horizontal axis and the orthogonal component is plotted on the vertical axis, is created.
- the phase is calculated using the scattered light vector obtained.
- the upper limit of the sampling rate can be set to N ⁇ fs by N-wave multiplexing. Note that the wavelength multiplexing number "N" is an arbitrary natural number.
- Non-Patent Document 4 when performing the frequency multiplexing method as described in Non-Patent Document 4, the angle of the scattered light vector obtained at each optical frequency is simply connected without correcting the angle difference between each optical frequency. If the phase change is calculated by , a problem arises that the calculated phase change is distorted with respect to the actual phase change, and an accurate vibration waveform cannot be measured.
- the single frequency after first calculating the temporal phase difference of each optical frequency, by concatenating the calculated phase differences of each optical frequency, the single frequency Proposed a method for correctly estimating the frequency even for a signal with a vibration frequency exceeding the Nyquist frequency f v in the case of . That is, up to frequency N ⁇ fv can be estimated without aliasing.
- this proposal since the angular difference between the optical frequencies is not obtained, there is a problem that the vibration waveform cannot be measured.
- Non-Patent Document 5 by correcting the angular difference between the respective optical frequencies using the correction frequency, it is possible to measure the vibration waveform under the condition that the upper limit of the sampling rate is increased to N ⁇ fs .
- the compensation optical frequency is used separately from the main optical frequency to improve the sampling rate, and the main frequency component and the compensation frequency component are periodically injected into the fiber under test at the same timing. Correcting the angular difference between the main optical frequencies by correcting for the angular difference between the main frequency component and the compensating frequency component using a probe pulse train such as .
- Non-Patent Document 5 can measure the vibration waveform, it is also effective in relaxing such restrictions.
- Non-Patent Document 5 a frequency multiplexing method in which pulses of different optical frequencies are incident at different times in order to improve the sampling rate and a frequency multiplexing method described in Patent Document 1 for fading countermeasures are used. , also proposes a method for constructing optical frequency pulses and a method for processing the received signal for simultaneous implementation.
- Non-Patent Document 7 The relationship between the magnitude of the phase change and the amount of strain applied to the fiber due to vibration is described in Non-Patent Document 7, for example.
- Non-Patent Document 7 when a fiber with a total length l is elongated by ⁇ 1 due to a strain amount ⁇ , the amount of increase ⁇ in phase change when light passes due to the amount of expansion by ⁇ 1 is given by the following equation.
- n is the effective refractive index of the fiber
- ⁇ p is Poisson's ratio
- p11 and p12 are the strain-optic tensor components.
- the total number of usable optical frequencies which is the sum of the multiplexing number allocated for improving the sampling rate and the multiplexing number allocated for reducing fading noise, is One component that determines the total available frequency bandwidth determined by the sampling rate of an A/D (Analog/Digital) converter (hereinafter sometimes referred to as an AD board) for conversion from the pulse width of each optical frequency component It can be evaluated as a number divided by the occupied bandwidth per unit and is finite. Therefore, when detecting high-frequency vibrations, the number of multiplexes used for improving the sampling rate increases.It is necessary to use an AD board with a small sampling rate, which limits the total usable frequency bandwidth.High spatial resolution measurement. and the pulse width of each optical frequency component is reduced, which increases the occupied bandwidth per component.
- A/D Analog/Digital
- the present disclosure seeks to remove the effects of uncorrected angular differences even when the number of multiplexes available for fading noise reduction is small and the angular differences between the main optical frequencies cannot be fully corrected. aim.
- the present disclosure provides ⁇ 0 unwrap ( l, mT N ) is subtracted from ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) by the component D(l, mT N ) of period NT N extracted using a multi-bandpass filter.
- the signal processing device and signal processing method of the present disclosure are: Obtaining a signal obtained by repeatedly injecting a plurality of optical pulses with different optical frequencies into an optical fiber and performing DAS-P, using the acquired signal to calculate the phase change due to the vibration applied to the section of optical fiber; removing from the calculated phase change a component of a period in which the same optical frequency repeats in the plurality of optical pulses; The phase change with the periodic component removed is used to calculate the vibration imparted to the section of optical fiber.
- the vibration detection system of the present disclosure includes: a measuring instrument for injecting a plurality of optical pulses having different optical frequencies into one end of an optical fiber and receiving scattered light of each wavelength returned to the one end of the optical fiber; a signal processor of the present disclosure that uses the signal from the measuring instrument to calculate the vibration applied to the section of optical fiber; Prepare.
- a program of the present disclosure is a program for realizing a computer as each functional unit included in the signal processing device according to the present disclosure, and each step included in the signal processing method executed by the signal processing device according to the present disclosure is executed by the computer. It is a program for
- the effects of uncorrected angular differences are removed even if the number of multiplexes available for fading noise reduction is small and the angular differences between the main optical frequencies cannot be fully corrected. be able to.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a vibration detection device that detects vibrations in the DAS-P of this embodiment; 4 shows a configuration example of a pulse pattern. An example of a phase change distortion correction method is shown. An example of a method of correcting distortion due to crosstalk will be shown.
- the present disclosure is applicable not only to the case where distortion is removed in advance using the compensating optical frequency as described in Non-Patent Document 5 before performing the signal processing proposed by the present disclosure, but also to the case where the compensating optical frequency is used. Even if the angle difference between the main optical frequencies remains completely without use, it is effective as a process for removing the angle difference.
- the present disclosure proposes a method of reducing distortion due to crosstalk due to the compensating optical frequency when using the compensating optical frequency as described in Non-Patent Document 5.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a vibration detection system that detects vibrations with the DAS-P of this embodiment.
- This vibration detection system comprises: a light source for injecting a frequency-multiplexed optical pulse train into one end of an optical fiber to be measured; and a signal processing unit that observes the vibration of the measurement optical fiber as a time change of the phase component of the scattered light.
- the CW light source 1, coupler 2, and optical modulator 3 correspond to the light source.
- the 90-degree optical hybrid 7 and balance detectors (13, 14) correspond to the light receivers.
- the receiver performs coherent detection using a 90 degree optical hybrid 7 .
- the signal processing device 17 corresponds to the signal processing section. However, it is not always necessary to use a 90-degree optical hybrid for the receiving system, and another device or signal processing may be used as long as the in-phase component and quadrature component of the scattered light can be measured.
- the signal processing apparatus of the present disclosure can also be realized by a computer and a program, and the program can be recorded on a recording medium or provided through a network.
- the measuring device 31 measures the scattered light from the optical fiber 6 to be measured as follows.
- a CW light source 1 emits continuous light of a single wavelength with an optical frequency of f 0 and is split by a coupler 2 into reference light and probe light.
- the probe light is shaped into a wavelength-multiplexed optical pulse 4 by an optical modulator 3 .
- As the optical pulse 4 multiple pulses using compensation optical frequencies as described in Non-Patent Document 5 can be used.
- the optical pulse 4 may be anything as long as it can achieve the compensation method described in Non-Patent Document 5, and an example of its configuration is shown in FIG.
- N+1 groups arranged in order are prepared (201).
- N(N+1) delimiting pulse pairs are generated for every M (M is an arbitrary natural number) like 202 in the whole sequence.
- a compensating optical frequency f NM +1 is added to 202 every N+1 pulse pairs to generate pulse pairs 203 .
- an actually incident optical pulse pair is constructed as indicated by 204 .
- a pulse pattern is generated in which N(N+1) pulse pairs are arranged in a constant temporal cycle.
- compensating optical frequency f4 is added to the pulse pair with optical frequency f1
- optical frequency f4 is added to a pulse pair with optical frequency f3.
- the period of the pulse pattern is N( N +1) TN , where TN is the interval between the pulse pairs.
- TN is the interval between the pulse pairs.
- the restriction on the minimum value of how small TN can be made depending on the length of the optical fiber 6 to be measured is relaxed by a factor of 1/N compared with the case of using a single frequency pulse.
- fading noise can be reduced using the M pulses present in each pulse pair.
- the pulse pair 203 corresponds to the case of one compensating light frequency, but a plurality of compensating light frequencies may also be multiplexed for fading suppression.
- the type of the optical modulator 3 is not specifically specified as long as it can generate the optical pulse 4, and there may be multiple types.
- an SSB (Single Side Band) modulator or a frequency-variable AO (Acousto-Optics) modulator may be used, and in order to increase the extinction ratio in pulsing, an SOA (Semiconductor Optical Amplifier) or the like may be used. Modulation may be performed.
- the pulse of each optical frequency component shown in 204 has a rectangular wave shape, it is also possible to use a waveform other than a rectangular wave.
- the light pulse 4 is incident on the optical fiber 6 to be measured via the circulator 5 .
- Light scattered at each point in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber 6 to be measured returns to the circulator 5 as backscattered light and enters one input portion of the 90-degree optical hybrid 7 .
- the reference light split by the coupler 2 enters the other input portion of the 90-degree optical hybrid 7 .
- the internal configuration of the 90-degree optical hybrid 7 can be anything as long as it has the function of a 90-degree optical hybrid.
- a configuration example is shown in FIG.
- the backscattered light is incident on the coupler 8 with a branching ratio of 50:50, and the scattered light split into two is incident on the input portions of the coupler 12 with a branching ratio of 50:50 and the coupler 11 with a branching ratio of 50:50.
- the reference light is incident on the coupler 9 with a branching ratio of 50:50, one of the two-branched reference light is incident on the input part of the coupler 11, and the other is phase-shifted by ⁇ /2 by the phase shifter 10. and is incident on the input of the coupler 12 .
- the two outputs of coupler 11 are detected by balance detector 13 and output is electrical signal 15 which is the analog in-phase component I analog .
- the two outputs of coupler 12 are detected by balance detector 14 and output is electrical signal 16 which is the analog quadrature component Q analog .
- the electric signal 15 and the electric signal 16 are sent to a signal processing device 17 having an AD conversion element 17a and an AD conversion element 17b capable of sampling the optical frequency band of the signal without aliasing.
- NM+1 can be used.
- a calculation method may be considered in which I digital and Q digital are passed through a band-pass filter whose center frequency is f 0 +f i to compensate for phase delay. If the pulse width of each optical frequency component is W, the passband can be set to 2/W.
- the in-phase component and the quadrature component in the state of an analog electrical signal may be separated into respective optical frequency components by an analog electrical filter, and then AD-converted by the AD conversion elements 17a and 17b.
- the signal processing unit 17d calculates the phase. First, a complex vector r i is created on the xy plane with the in-phase component on the x-axis (real number axis) and the quadrature component on the y-axis (imaginary number axis).
- k ⁇ T N +n ⁇ N ⁇ T N (where n is an arbitrary integer) be the time when the head of pulse pair k is incident.
- (1-1) in M different optical frequency bands excluding the compensating optical frequencies constituting the pulse pair By averaging the calculated vectors, the phase at the position of the distance z from the incident end is calculated.
- the state of the optical fiber 6 to be measured at the position of the distance z from the incident end in the longitudinal direction on the optical fiber 6 to be measured is time k ⁇ T N +n ⁇ N ⁇ T N +z/ It is measured by ⁇ (n is any integer).
- ⁇ is the speed of light in the optical fiber 6 to be measured. Furthermore, considering the time it takes for the scattered light to propagate and return to the incident end, the measurement time with the measuring device is k ⁇ T N +n ⁇ N ⁇ T N +2z/ ⁇ (where n is an arbitrary integer). . Therefore, the phase calculated at the point of distance z is explicitly represented by the measurement time of the measuring instrument, and
- the phase change due to the vibration applied to the section from the distance z 1 to the distance z 2 on the optical fiber 6 to be measured is the difference between the equations (1-3a) and (1-3b), that is, the equation (1- 3c).
- the instant time when the state of the optical fiber 6 to be measured does not include the time required for the scattered light to return to the incident end as described above, so at the point at the distance z1, the time mT N +z1 / ⁇ , at the point of distance z 2 , the time is mT N +z 2 / ⁇ , and there is a time difference of (z 1 ⁇ z 2 )/ ⁇ .
- the difference in distance between z 1 and z 2 is about the same as the spatial resolution, and is usually set to several meters to several tens of meters. ns, which is very short compared to the scale of time change of normal vibration to be measured, so the difference in time when the state of the optical fiber 6 to be measured is measured can be ignored. Therefore, it is possible to correctly measure the vibration applied to the corresponding section.
- Non-Patent Document 5 proposes a method of correcting the distortion term due to the angular difference using a compensating optical frequency. In order to completely correct the distortion term due to the angular difference between different optical frequencies, it is necessary to correct the angular difference of the leading optical frequencies of any two pulse pairs.
- the leading optical frequency of pulse pair j is f j pf
- the optical frequency of pulse pair i is f i pf .
- z, f j pf , f i pf can be expanded using f NM+1 as follows.
- i, j are arbitrary positive integers. However, i ⁇ j.
- the first pulse pair includes optical frequencies f1 and f4
- the fifth pulse pair includes optical frequencies f2 and f4
- the ninth pulse pair includes optical frequencies f2 and f4 .
- the pulse pair includes optical frequency f3 and optical frequency f4 .
- Equation (1-5) the optical frequency f 4 and each of the other frequencies f 1 , f 2 , and f 3 always exist once in the same pulse pair in the pulse pattern. Therefore, each term on the right side of Equation (1-4) can be calculated based on the same principle as the technique of Patent Document 1.
- the phase is calculated from ⁇ (z, mT N +2z/ ⁇ ). For example, to calculate the phase change from time m'T N +2z/ ⁇ to mT N +2z/ ⁇ , Equation (1-5) may be used.
- the integer i(m') is selected so that m'-i(m') is an integer multiple of N
- the integer i(m) is selected so that m-i(m) is an integer multiple of N. selected.
- the signal processing unit 17e calculates the final phase.
- the procedure of the signal processing unit 17e differs between the conventional method and the present disclosure.
- phase unwrapping processing is performed on the above ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) to obtain the final vibration change. That is, ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) obtained by phase unwrapping ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) is used as the final vibration waveform.
- the superscript unwrap indicates that the phase unwrapping process has been completed.
- An AD board with a small sampling rate must be used, limiting the total available frequency bandwidth. Since it is necessary to perform measurement with high spatial resolution and the pulse width of each frequency component is reduced, the occupied bandwidth per component increases.
- phase change ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) occurring in the interval from l to l+ ⁇ l from the incident end is phase unwrapped to calculate ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) (S101).
- a band-pass filter is used for ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) to extract the component of period NT N to obtain D(l, mT N ) (S102).
- D(l, mT N ) is subtracted from ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) before phase unwrapping, and ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) ⁇ D(l, mT N ) is used as a new ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) (S103).
- a phase unwrapping process is performed on the new ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) (S101). If the distortion is not sufficiently removed (S104), the procedure is repeated. This procedure removes the remaining distortion.
- the period NTN is a period in which the same optical frequency repeats in a plurality of optical pulses, and for example, a period in which the leading frequencies f i(m) pf of the pulse pair i(m) are switched.
- the distortion given by equation (7) depends on the leading frequency f i(m) pf of the pulse pair i(m), but the leading frequency f i (m) pf of the pulse pair i(m) has a period NT N is switched with . Therefore, since the distortion represented by the formula (7) is a component that changes with the period NT N , by extracting the component that changes with the period NT N from ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ), it is expressed by the formula (7) By being able to estimate the distortion.
- the distortion term does not necessarily change with a sinusoidal waveform, so the components to be passed by the band - pass filter are all harmonic components whose frequencies are integral multiples of 1/NTN.
- aliasing should also be taken into account and bandpassed at the returned frequency axis component position below the Nyquist frequency range, but 1/NT N in the frequency range that does not cause aliasing. Since the position on the frequency axis overlaps with the harmonic components of , a multi-bandpass filter that band-passes all the harmonic components of 1/NT N in the frequency range that does not cause aliasing can be used. .
- the band-pass filter extracts the component that changes with the period NTN for ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) after phase unwrapping rather than ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) before phase unwrapping is This is because ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) is convoluted with the phase value from ⁇ to + ⁇ . This is because the distortion represented by the formula (7) is added to the actual vibration change and convoluted, so that the distortion represented by the formula (7) cannot be extracted by the band-pass filter.
- step S104 when the number of phase unwrapping errors can be counted, the time when the number of phase unwrapping errors does not change due to the above procedure can be selected. If this is not possible, choose a time when no noise reduction at low frequencies is seen by the above procedure, since sharp phase changes due to phase unwrapping errors will increase noise at low frequencies of the measurement band. can also It is sufficient to set the number of loops to about 10 as a specific numerical value evaluated from verification experiments.
- the above embodiment shows an example in which the present disclosure is applied when the compensating optical frequency is used
- the present disclosure can be applied based on the same principle even when the compensating optical frequency is not used.
- the phase change obtained by calculating the difference between two points with respect to ⁇ (z, mT N +2z/ ⁇ ) before distortion correction using the signal of the compensating optical frequency is described.
- FIG. 4 shows a procedure for removing distortion due to crosstalk of the compensating optical frequency to the main optical frequency.
- the phase change ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) occurring in the interval from l to l+ ⁇ l from the incident end is phase unwrapped to calculate ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) (S201).
- a band-pass filter is used for ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) to extract a component with a period NT N to obtain D 1 (l, mT N ) (S202).
- ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N )-D 1 (l, mT N ) a band-pass filter is used to extract the component of period N(N+1) T N to obtain D 2 (l, mT N ) ( S202).
- ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) ⁇ D 1 (l, mT N ) obtained by subtracting D 1 (l, mT N ) and D 2 (l, mT N ) from ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) before phase unwrapping )-D 2 (l, mT N ) is updated as new ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) (S203).
- the new ⁇ 0 (l, mT N ) is phase unwrapped to calculate ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N ) (S201). If the distortion is not sufficiently removed (S204), the procedure is repeated. Through these procedures, the distortion caused by the crosstalk of the compensating optical frequency to the main optical frequency can be removed at the same time.
- processing with D 2 (l, mT N ) corresponds to removing the distortion associated with crosstalk of the compensating optical frequency to the main optical frequency.
- the distortion associated with crosstalk of the compensating optical frequency to the main optical frequency occurs at the period of the pulse pattern used. Since the period of the pulse pattern is N ( N + 1 )T N as shown in FIG. By extracting, the distortion due to the crosstalk can be estimated.
- the component of period N(N+1)T N is extracted from ⁇ 0 unwrap (l, mT N )-D 1 (l, mT N ) using a bandpass filter, and D 2 (l, mT N ).
- D 1 (l, mT N ) and D 2 (l, mT N ) are not used individually in the procedure shown in FIG. 4, they correspond to integral multiples of 1/ ⁇ N(N+1)T N ⁇
- This disclosure can be applied to the information and communications industry.
- CW light source 2 coupler 3: optical modulator 4: optical pulse 5: circulator 6: optical fiber to be measured 7: 90 degree optical hybrid 8, 9: coupler 10: phase shifter 11, 12: coupler 13, 14: balance Detector 15: analog in-phase electrical signal 16: analog quadrature electrical signal 17: signal processors 17a, 17b: AD conversion elements 17c, 17d: signal processor 31: measuring instrument
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Abstract
Description
光周波数の異なる複数の光パルスを光ファイバに繰り返し入射し、DAS-Pを行うことによって得られた信号を取得し、
取得した信号を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動による位相変化を計算し、
前記複数の光パルスにおいて同じ光周波数が繰り返す周期の成分を、前記計算した位相変化から取り除き、
前記周期の成分の取り除かれた位相変化を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動を計算する。
光周波数の異なる複数の光パルスを光ファイバの一端に入射し、前記光ファイバの前記一端に戻ってきた各波長の散乱光を受光する、測定器と、
前記測定器からの信号を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動を計算する、本開示の信号処理装置と、
を備える。
図1は、本実施形態のDAS-Pで振動検出を行う振動検出システムを説明する図である。本振動検出システムは、周波数多重した光パルス列を被測定光ファイバの一端に入射する光源と、前記被測定光ファイバの前記一端に戻ってきた各波長の散乱光を受光する受光器と、前記被測定光ファイバの振動を前記散乱光の位相成分の時間変化として観測する信号処理部と、を備える。
入射端からの距離がlからl+δlの区間に生じた位相変化δθ0(l,mTN)を位相接続処理してδθ0 unwrap(l,mTN)を計算する(S101)。
δθ0 unwrap(l,mTN)に対してバンドパスフィルタを用いて周期NTNの成分を抽出してD(l,mTN)とする(S102)。
位相接続前のδθ0(l,mTN)からD(l,mTN)を引いたδθ0(l,mTN)-D(l,mTN)を新たなδθ0(l,mTN)として更新する(S103)。
新たなδθ0(l,mTN)に対して位相接続処理を行う(S101)。
前記歪みが十分に取り除けていない場合は(S104)、前記手順を繰り返す。
このような手順により残った前記歪みを取り除く。
入射端からの距離がlからl+δlの区間に生じた位相変化δθ0(l,mTN)を位相接続処理してδθ0 unwrap(l,mTN)を計算する(S201)。
δθ0 unwrap(l,mTN)に対してバンドパスフィルタを用いて周期NTNの成分を抽出してD1(l,mTN)とする(S202)。またδθ0 unwrap(l,mTN)-D1(l,mTN)からバンドパスフィルタを用いて周期N(N+1)TNの成分を抽出してD2(l,mTN)とする(S202)。
位相接続前のδθ0(l,mTN)からD1(l,mTN)とD2(l,mTN)とを引いたδθ0(l,mTN)-D1(l,mTN)-D2(l,mTN)を新たなδθ0(l,mTN)として更新する(S203)。
新たなδθ0(l,mTN)を位相接続処理してδθ0 unwrap(l,mTN)を計算する(S201)。
前記歪みが十分に取り除けていない場合は(S204)、前記手順を繰り返す。
これら手順により補償光周波数のメインの光周波数へのクロストークに伴う歪みの除去も同時に実施することができる。
2:カプラ
3:光変調器
4:光パルス
5:サーキュレータ
6:被測定光ファイバ
7:90度光ハイブリッド
8、9:カプラ
10:位相シフタ
11、12:カプラ
13、14:バランス検出器
15:アナログの同相成分の電気信号
16:アナログの直交成分の電気信号
17:信号処理装置
17a、17b:AD変換素子
17c、17d:信号処理部
31:測定器
Claims (5)
- 光周波数の異なる複数の光パルスを光ファイバに繰り返し入射し、DAS-P(Distributed Acoustic Sensing-phase)を行うことによって得られた信号を取得し、
取得した信号を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動による位相変化を計算し、
前記複数の光パルスにおいて同じ光周波数が繰り返す周期の成分を、前記計算した位相変化から取り除き、
前記周期の成分の取り除かれた位相変化を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動を計算する、
信号処理装置。 - 前記複数の光パルスは、メインの光周波数の成分と補償光周波数の成分を含む複数のパルス対からなり、
前記複数のパルス対に含まれるメインの光周波数で測定した光位相を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間における位相変化を計算し、
前記複数の光パルスにおいて同じ光周波数が繰り返す周期の成分を、前記計算した位相変化から取り除き、
前記複数の光パルスにおいて同じ光周波数が繰り返す周期の成分が取り除かれた前記メインの光周波数の成分と前記補償光周波数の成分との間の角度差を、前記複数の光パルスにおいて同じ光周波数が繰り返す周期の成分が取り除かれた前記メインの光周波数の成分に補正する、
請求項1に記載の信号処理装置。 - 前記パルス対のパルスパターンの周期の成分を、前記計算した位相変化から取り除き、
前記パルス対のパルスパターンの周期の成分が取り除かれた前記メインの光周波数の成分と前記補償光周波数の成分との間の角度差を、前記パルス対のパルスパターンの周期の成分が取り除かれた前記メインの光周波数の成分に補正する、
請求項2に記載の信号処理装置。 - 光周波数の異なる複数の光パルスを光ファイバの一端に入射し、前記光ファイバの前記一端に戻ってきた各波長の散乱光を受光する、測定器と、
前記測定器からの信号を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動を計算する、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の信号処理装置と、
を備える振動検出システム。 - 光周波数の異なる複数の光パルスを光ファイバに繰り返し入射し、DAS-P(Distributed Acoustic Sensing-phase)を行うことによって得られた信号を取得し、
取得した信号を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動による位相変化を計算し、
前記複数の光パルスにおいて同じ光周波数が繰り返す周期の成分を、前記計算した位相変化から取り除き、
前記周期の成分の取り除かれた位相変化を用いて、前記光ファイバの区間に加わった振動を計算する、
信号処理方法。
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