WO2022258050A1 - 电子雾化装置、电源机构及控制方法 - Google Patents

电子雾化装置、电源机构及控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022258050A1
WO2022258050A1 PCT/CN2022/098162 CN2022098162W WO2022258050A1 WO 2022258050 A1 WO2022258050 A1 WO 2022258050A1 CN 2022098162 W CN2022098162 W CN 2022098162W WO 2022258050 A1 WO2022258050 A1 WO 2022258050A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heating element
resistor
atomization device
ratio
electronic atomization
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/098162
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈汉良
徐中立
李永海
Original Assignee
深圳市合元科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市合元科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市合元科技有限公司
Priority to EP22819647.3A priority Critical patent/EP4353103A1/en
Publication of WO2022258050A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022258050A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A24F40/53—Monitoring, e.g. fault detection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/50—Control or monitoring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of electronic atomization, and in particular to an electronic atomization device, a power supply mechanism and a control method.
  • Smoking articles eg, cigarettes, cigars, etc.
  • Burn tobacco during use to produce tobacco smoke.
  • Attempts have been made to replace these tobacco-burning products by making products that release compounds without burning them.
  • a heating device which releases a compound by heating rather than burning a material.
  • the material may be tobacco or other non-tobacco products, which may or may not contain nicotine.
  • aerosol providing articles eg so-called electronic atomization devices. These devices typically contain a liquid that is heated by a heating element to vaporize it, producing an inhalable aerosol.
  • the liquid may contain nicotine and/or flavorants and/or aerosol generating substances (eg glycerin).
  • the above heating device usually obtains the operating temperature of the heating element by monitoring the resistance change of the heating element itself, and then determines whether the operating temperature of the heating element exceeds a preset range, and whether there are unfavorable conditions such as insufficient liquid supply.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic atomization device, including:
  • the first resistor is used to connect with the heating element to form a detectable loop
  • a controller configured to determine an adverse condition based on a ratio of an electrical characteristic of the first resistor in the detectable loop to an electrical characteristic of the heating element.
  • said electrical characteristic is detectable.
  • the electrical characteristics are directly detected and obtained without calculation, such as voltage and current.
  • a first switch tube operatively connecting the heating element to the electric core, for enabling the electric core to supply power to the heating element to heat the atomized liquid substrate;
  • the second switch tube is operable to change from a first state to a second state to connect the first resistor to the heating element to form the detectable loop, and to change from the second state to the first A state to open the detectable loop.
  • the first state of the second switch tube is an off state, and the second state is an on state.
  • the controller is configured to change the second switch tube from the first state to the second state, and detect the first resistance and heating in the second state The electrical characteristics of the component.
  • the electronic atomization device includes a power supply mechanism, and an atomizer removably coupled to the power supply mechanism; wherein,
  • the battery cell, the first resistor and the controller are located in the power supply mechanism;
  • the heating element is in the nebulizer, and the nebulizer contains a liquid matrix.
  • the first resistor is a standard resistor with a substantially constant resistance value and is not in contact with the liquid matrix.
  • the first resistor and the heating element in the detectable circuit are connected in series;
  • the electrical characteristic includes voltage.
  • the controller is configured to determine an unfavorable condition based on a ratio of the voltage of the first resistor in the detectable loop to the voltage of the heating element being greater than a maximum threshold or less than a minimum threshold.
  • the controller is configured to determine an unfavorable condition based on the ratio of the voltage across the first resistor in the detectable loop to the voltage across the heating element reaching a preset threshold outside of an expected period of time.
  • the controller is configured to determine an unfavorable condition based on a change in the ratio of the voltage of the first resistor in the detectable circuit to the voltage of the heating element within a predetermined time.
  • the controller is configured to be based on the initial value of the ratio of the voltage of the first resistor in the detectable circuit to the voltage of the heating element, and the relative initial value of the ratio at a certain time The ratio between the amount of change determines the unfavorable condition.
  • the first resistor and the heating element in the detectable loop are connected in parallel;
  • the electrical characteristic includes current.
  • the controller is configured to determine an unfavorable condition based on a ratio of the current flowing through the first resistor in the detectable loop to the current flowing through the heating element being greater than a maximum threshold or less than a minimum threshold.
  • the controller is configured to determine an unfavorable condition based on the ratio of the current flowing through the first resistor in the detectable loop to the current flowing through the heating element reaching a preset threshold outside of an expected period of time .
  • the controller is configured to determine an unfavorable condition based on a change in the ratio of the current flowing through the first resistor in the detectable circuit to the current flowing through the heating element within a predetermined time.
  • the controller is configured to be based on the initial value of the ratio of the current flowing through the first resistor in the detectable circuit to the current flowing through the heating element, and the ratio at a certain time The ratio between the amount of change from the initial value determines the unfavorable condition.
  • the controller is further configured to prevent the cells from supplying power to the heating element when adverse conditions exist.
  • an electronic atomization device including: an electric core for power supply; a heating element for heating the atomized liquid matrix; a first resistor, used for connecting with the heating element to form a A detection circuit; a controller configured to, according to the ratio of any two of the electrical characteristics of the electric core, the electrical characteristics of the detectable circuit, the electrical characteristics of the first resistor, and the electrical characteristics of the heating element, to determine disadvantages.
  • Another embodiment of the present application also proposes a power supply mechanism for supplying power to the atomizer of the electronic atomization device;
  • the atomizer includes a heating element for heating the atomized liquid matrix to generate an aerosol;
  • the power supply Agencies include:
  • the first resistor is used to connect with the heating element to form a detectable loop
  • a controller configured to determine an adverse condition based on a ratio of an electrical characteristic of the first resistor in the detectable loop to an electrical characteristic of the heating element.
  • Another embodiment of the present application also proposes a method for controlling an electronic atomization device, the electronic atomization device comprising:
  • the first resistor is used to connect with the heating element to form a detectable loop
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • An unfavorable condition is determined based on a ratio of an electrical characteristic of the first resistor in the detectable circuit to an electrical characteristic of the heating element.
  • the above electronic atomization device constructs a detectable circuit through the first resistor and the heating element, and determines the unfavorable condition according to the ratio of the electrical characteristic of the first resistor in the detectable circuit to the electrical characteristic of the heating element.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an electronic atomization device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the basic components of one embodiment of the circuit of Figure 1;
  • Fig. 3 is the variation curve with time of the ratio of the voltage at both ends of the first resistor to the voltage at both ends of the heating element in the circuit of Fig. 2 in one embodiment;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the basic components of another embodiment of the circuit in Figure 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing the ratio of the current flowing through the first resistor to the current flowing through the heating element as a function of time in one embodiment of the circuit shown in FIG. 4 .
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the first and second feature may be in direct contact with the second feature through an intermediary. touch.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • An embodiment of the present application proposes an electronic atomization device, as shown in FIG. 1 , including an atomizer 100 that stores a liquid substrate and heats and atomizes it to generate an aerosol, and a power supply for the atomizer 100 Power mechanism 200.
  • the power supply mechanism 200 includes a receiving chamber 270 disposed at one end along the length direction for receiving and containing at least a part of the atomizer 100 .
  • the power supply mechanism 200 also includes a first electrical contact 230 at least partially exposed on the surface of the receiving cavity 270, which is used to form an electrical connection with the atomizer 100 when at least a part of the atomizer 100 is received and accommodated in the power supply mechanism 200 and then Power the atomizer 100.
  • the end of the atomizer 100 along the length direction opposite to the power supply mechanism 200 is provided with a second electrical contact 21 , and then when at least a part of the atomizer 100 is received in the receiving cavity 270 , the second electrical contact 21 contacts and abuts against the first electrical contact 230 to conduct electricity.
  • a sealing member 260 is disposed inside the power supply mechanism 200 , and at least a part of the internal space of the power supply mechanism 200 is separated by the sealing member 260 to form the above receiving cavity 270 .
  • the sealing member 260 is configured to extend along the cross-sectional direction of the power supply mechanism 200, and is preferably made of a flexible material such as silica gel, so as to prevent seepage from the atomizer 100 into the receiving cavity.
  • the liquid matrix at 270 flows to components such as the circuit 220 and the airflow sensor 250 inside the power supply mechanism 200 .
  • the power supply mechanism 200 further includes an electric core 210 for power supply that is away from the receiving cavity 270 along the length direction.
  • the power supply mechanism 200 also includes an electrical circuit 220 operable to conduct electrical current between the battery cell 210 and the first electrical contact 230 .
  • the power supply mechanism 200 includes an airflow sensor 250 for sensing the suction airflow generated when the user sucks on the atomizer 100 , and then the circuit 220 controls the electric core 210 to output to the atomizer 100 according to the sensing signal of the airflow sensor 250 . electricity.
  • the power supply mechanism 200 is provided with a charging interface 240 at the other end away from the receiving chamber 270 for charging the battery cell 210 .
  • the atomizer 100 includes:
  • Liquid storage cavity 20 used for storing liquid matrix
  • a heating element 40 for heating the liquid matrix to generate an aerosol
  • the liquid guiding element 30 is used for transferring the liquid matrix between the liquid storage chamber 20 and the heating element 40 .
  • the liquid matrix preferably comprises a tobacco-containing material comprising volatile tobacco flavor compounds that are released from the liquid matrix upon heating.
  • the liquid base may comprise non-tobacco material.
  • Liquid bases may include water, ethanol or other solvents, plant extracts, nicotine solutions, and natural or artificial flavorings.
  • the liquid base further comprises an aerosol forming agent. Examples of suitable aerosol formers are glycerol and/or propylene glycol.
  • the liquid guiding element 30 is configured in the shape of a hollow column extending along the longitudinal direction of the atomizer 100 , and the heating element 40 is formed in the cylindrical hollow of the liquid guiding element 30 .
  • the liquid matrix of the liquid storage chamber 20 is absorbed along the outer surface of the liquid guide element 30 in the radial direction, and then transferred to the heating element 40 on the inner surface to be heated and vaporized to generate an aerosol; the generated gas The sol is output from the columnar hollow of the liquid guiding element 30 along the longitudinal direction of the atomizer 100 , as shown by the arrow R2 in FIG. 1 .
  • the liquid guide element 30 includes flexible fibers, such as cotton fibers, non-woven fabrics, glass fiber ropes, etc., or porous ceramics with a microporous structure; the liquid guide elements of porous ceramics are used in specific implementations.
  • the structure of 30 can be in various regular or irregular arbitrary shapes, such as the shape described in patent CN212590248U.
  • the heating element 40 is a structure such as a heating wire or a heating sheet, which is combined with the liquid guiding element 30 through contact. Or in other variant implementations, the heating element 40 may be combined on the liquid guiding element 30 through printing, deposition, sintering or physical assembly. In some other variant implementations, the liquid-conducting element 30 using porous ceramics may have a flat or curved surface for supporting the heating element 40, and the heating element 40 is formed on the plane of the liquid-conducting element 30 by mounting, printing, deposition, etc. or on a surface.
  • the material of the heating element 40 may be a metal material, metal alloy, graphite, carbon, conductive ceramic or other composite material of ceramic material and metal material with suitable resistance.
  • Suitable metal or alloy materials include nickel, cobalt, zirconium, titanium, nickel alloys, cobalt alloys, zirconium alloys, titanium alloys, nickel-chromium alloys, nickel-iron alloys, iron-chromium alloys, iron-chromium-aluminum alloys, titanium alloys, iron-manganese-aluminum alloys At least one of alloy or stainless steel.
  • the resistance material of the heating element 40 can be selected from a metal or alloy material with a suitable temperature coefficient of resistance, such as a positive temperature coefficient or a negative temperature coefficient, so that the heating circuit can be used for heating, and can be used as a sensor for sensing the real-time temperature of the heating element 40. sensor.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the basic components of an embodiment of the circuit 20; the components and connections of the circuit 20 include:
  • the first switching tube Q1 is positioned between the electric core 210 and the heating element 40; when the first switching tube Q1 is turned on, it is used to make the electric core 210 provide power to the heating element 40;
  • the first resistor R1 is positioned between the second switching tube Q2 and the heating element 40, specifically the first end is connected to the second switching tube Q2, and the second end is connected to the heating element 40; the resistance of the first resistor R1 is substantially constant
  • the standard resistor whose resistance value is close to the working resistance value of the heating element 40, is used to form a series connection with the heating element 40 when the second switch tube Q2 is turned on, thereby forming the first resistor R1 and the A detection circuit for the voltage of the heating element 40 .
  • the second switch tube Q2 is turned off to disconnect the detection loop.
  • the first end of the heating element 40 includes two circuits; the first circuit is connected to the first switching tube Q1 , and the second circuit is used to form a series connection with the first resistor R1 .
  • the second end of the heating element 40 is grounded, so the potential of the second end of the heating element 40 is zero.
  • the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are turned on and off by the MCU controller 221, and the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are not turned on at the same time. of.
  • the MCU controller 221 controls the first switching tube Q1 to be turned on and the second switching tube Q2 to be turned off, so that the battery cell 210 supplies power to the heating element 40 .
  • the MCU controller 221 controls the first switch tube Q1 to be turned off and the second switch tube Q2 to be turned on, by detecting the relevant electrical characteristics of the first resistor R1 and/or the heating element 40 such as voltage, current, etc. to determine disadvantages.
  • the voltage at both ends of the first resistor R1 is marked as V1
  • the voltage at both ends of the heating element 40 is marked as V2
  • the MCU controller 221 can sample the first end of the first resistor R1 as shown in FIG.
  • the voltage at the sampling point a in 2 is denoted as Va
  • the first terminal of the sampling heating element 40 is the voltage Vb at the sampling point b in FIG. 2 .
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the ratio of V1/V2 changing with time during the pumping process of an embodiment
  • the MCU controller 221 determines the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 according to the ratio of the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1 to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 . Further, the electric core 210 can be controlled to provide power to the heating element 40 according to whether there is an unfavorable condition.
  • the ratio of Va/V2 is completely the same or equal in meaning and result as the ratio of V1/V2; then in some close embodiments, the MCU controller 221 according to The ratio of the voltage of the detectable loop composed of the first resistor R1 and the heating element 40 , that is, the voltage Va at the sampling point a, to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 determines the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 .
  • the MCU controller 221 is based on the voltage of the detectable loop formed by the first resistor R1 and the heating element 40, that is, the voltage at the sampling point a.
  • the ratio of Va, to the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1, determines the disadvantage of the heating element 40 .
  • the voltage Va of the detectable circuit is actually provided by the output voltage Vbat of the battery cell 210, when there is a basic rated loss or In the above calculation, the output voltage Vbat of the battery cell 210 is used to replace the voltage Va of the detectable circuit, which is completely the same or equivalent in meaning and result.
  • the MCU controller 221 is based on any two of the output voltage Vbat of the battery cell 210, the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1, the voltage V2 across the heating element 40, or the voltage Va of the formed detectable loop. Determining the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 is practicable by using the ratio of the two.
  • a disadvantageous condition of the heating element 40 is the lack or depletion of the liquid substrate delivered or supplied to the heating element 40.
  • the less liquid substrate is delivered or provided to the heating element 40 the higher the temperature of the heating element 40 when constant power or electricity is supplied to the heating element 40.
  • the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 is that the operating parameters of the heating element 40 such as temperature and voltage exceed normal expectations, that is, the working state of the heating element 40 exceeds the expected normal range, which may pose a safety risk.
  • the disadvantage of the heating element 40 is that the atomizer 100 coupled to the power supply mechanism 200 is counterfeit or substandard or damaged.
  • a counterfeit or substandard or damaged atomizer 100 does not have the same operating parameters or characteristics (eg, voltage, current) as a standard heating element 40 at a given power.
  • the liquid matrix provided by the atomizer 100 to the heating element 40 is undesired; in particular, the undesired liquid matrix may have a different composition than the desired liquid matrix resulting in a different viscosity, Heat capacity or boiling point, etc., then have higher or lower temperature or power or power than expected in the heated atomizer.
  • the MCU controller 221 can also be configured to prevent the battery cell 210 from providing power to the heating element 40 when there is an adverse condition.
  • the MCU controller 221 is configured to determine that the heating element 40 has a negative condition.
  • the maximum threshold can be selected or set as S0 in normal operation, and the minimum threshold can be selected or set as S1; when it is detected that the ratio of V1/V2 is greater than S0 or less than S1, determine the heating element 40 Adverse conditions.
  • the MCU controller 221 is configured to, when the ratio of the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1 to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 reaches a preset threshold outside the expected period of time, determine that the heating Disadvantage of element 40. For example, in FIG. 3 , the ratio of V1/V2 reaches S1 after a predetermined time t1 from the initial value S0 during the pumping process.
  • the ratio of the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1 to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 reaches the preset threshold outside the expected time period.
  • the above expected time period is, for example, 50-200 ms; or it may also be 80 ms-200 ms. Or in some preferred implementations, the expected time period is between 50 ms and 150 ms.
  • the MCU controller 221 is configured to determine the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 when the ratio of the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1 to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 changes within a predetermined time. condition. For example, during work, it is calculated whether the amount of change or the rate of change of V1/V2 in 100ms exceeds the preset threshold range to determine whether there is an unfavorable condition in the working condition of the heating element 40; or in other implementations of changes, the predetermined time can also be 50ms , 80ms, etc. For example, in Fig. 3, the variation of the ratio of V1/V2 within the predetermined time t1 during the puffing process is ⁇ S (ie S0-S1), and whether there is a disadvantage is determined according to whether the variation or rate of change meets expectations.
  • ⁇ S ie S0-S1
  • the MCU controller 221 is configured to, according to the ratio of the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1 to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 at a certain time after a predetermined time, the variation ⁇ S and the initial The ratio of values S0 (ie, ⁇ S/S0) determines whether an adverse condition exists.
  • the maximum and minimum thresholds that meet normal operation can be selected according to the ratio of ⁇ S/S0. When the ratio of ⁇ S/S0 is greater than the maximum threshold or smaller than the minimum threshold, it can be determined that there is an unfavorable condition.
  • the specific unfavorable condition is determined by the ratio of the voltage V1 across the first resistor R1 to the voltage V2 across the heating element 40 , allowing a more precise threshold to be set.
  • the above voltage ratios do not depend on variations in the size or shape of the heating element 40 due to manufacturing tolerances and on variations in the output voltage of the cell 210, but only on the material properties of the heating element 40 and the liquid matrix.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the basic components of another embodiment of the circuit 20; the components and connections of the circuit 20 include:
  • the first switching tube Q1 is located between the battery cell 210 and the heating element 40, and is used for the battery cell 210 to supply power to the heating element 40;
  • the second switching tube Q2 and the first resistor R1 connected in series are connected in parallel with the heating element 40; when the second switching tube Q2 is turned on at the same time, the first resistor R1 and the heating element 40 form a detection loop between the battery cells 210 to The current flowing through the first resistor R1 and the heating element 40 is detected. Of course, when the detection is not needed, the second switch tube Q2 is turned off to disconnect the detection loop.
  • the first resistor R1 is a standard resistor with substantially constant resistance; when the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned on at the same time, the MCU controller 221a detects the current I1 flowing through the first resistor R1 and the current I1 flowing through the first resistor R1. The ratio of the current I2 to the heating element 40, I1/I2, determines whether an adverse condition exists.
  • the MCU controller 221 can detect any two of the output current of the cell 210, the current I1 flowing through the first resistor R1, the current I2 flowing through the heating element 40, or the total current of the loop. Determining the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 is practicable by using the ratio of the two.
  • the ratio of the current I1 flowing through the first resistor R1 to the current I2 flowing through the heating element 40 changes during detection.
  • FIG. 5 shows a curve of the ratio of the current I1 flowing through the first resistor R1 to the current I2 flowing through the heating element 40 ie I1/I2 as a function of time in one embodiment.
  • the ratio of I1/I2 is S0; when the power is supplied to time t1, the ratio of I1/I2 is increased from S0 to S1; then the MCU controller 221a determines unfavorable conditions according to the ratio of I1/I2.
  • the MCU controller 221a determines the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 according to when the ratio of I1/I2 is greater than the maximum threshold or less than the minimum threshold.
  • the MCU controller 221a is configured to determine an unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 when the ratio of I1/I2 reaches a preset threshold outside an expected period of time. It should be clearly stated that "the ratio of I1/I2 reaches the preset threshold outside the expected time period" to cover situations where the described ratio reaches the preset threshold earlier or later than the expected time period or does not reach the preset threshold at all .
  • the above expected time period is, for example, 50-200 ms; or it may also be 80 ms-200 ms. Or in some preferred implementations, the expected time period is between 50 ms and 150 ms.
  • the MCU controller 221a is configured to determine the unfavorable condition of the heating element 40 when the ratio of I1/I2 changes within a predetermined time; for example, the ratio of I1/I2 in FIG. 5 is within a predetermined time
  • the amount of change within t1 is ⁇ S (ie S0-S1), and whether there is any disadvantage is determined according to whether the amount of change or the rate of change meets expectations.
  • the MCU controller 221a is configured to determine whether there is a disadvantage according to the ratio of the variation ⁇ S of the ratio of I1/I2 at a certain time after a predetermined time to the initial value S0 (ie, ⁇ S/S0) condition.
  • the maximum and minimum thresholds that meet normal operation can be selected according to the ratio of ⁇ S/S0. When the ratio of ⁇ S/S0 is greater than the maximum threshold or smaller than the minimum threshold, it can be determined that there is an unfavorable condition.

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Abstract

本申请提出一种电子雾化装置、电源机构及控制方法；其中，电子雾化装置包括：电芯，用于供电；用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；第一电阻，用于与加热元件连接形成可检测回路；控制器，被配置为根据可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与加热元件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。以上电子雾化装置，通过第一电阻与加热元件构建可检测回路，并根据可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与加热元件的电特性的比值以确定不利条件。

Description

电子雾化装置、电源机构及控制方法
相关文件的交叉引用
本申请要求2021年06月10日向中国国家知识产权局递交的申请号为202110645729.4，名称为“电子雾化装置、电源机构及控制方法”的在先申请的优先权，上述在先申请的内容以引入的方式并入本文本中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及电子雾化技术领域，尤其涉及一种电子雾化装置、电源机构及控制方法。
背景技术
烟制品(例如，香烟、雪茄等)在使用过程中燃烧烟草以产生烟草烟雾。人们试图通过制造在不燃烧的情况下释放化合物的产品来替代这些燃烧烟草的制品。
此类产品的示例为加热装置，其通过加热而不是燃烧材料来释放化合物。例如，该材料可为烟草或其他非烟草产品，这些非烟草产品可包含或可不包含尼古丁。作为另一示例，存在有气溶胶提供制品，例如，所谓的电子雾化装置。这些装置通常包含液体，该液体被加热元件加热以使其发生汽化，从而产生可吸入的气溶胶。该液体可包含尼古丁和/或芳香剂和/或气溶胶生成物质(例如，甘油)。
以上加热装置，通常采用监测加热元件自身的电阻变化来获取加热元件的工作温度，进而确定加热元件的工作温度是否超出预设范围、以及是否存在供液不足等不利条件。
发明内容
本申请的一个实施例提供一种电子雾化装置，包括：
电芯，用于供电；
用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；
第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
控制器，被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与所述加热元 件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述电特性是可检测的。更加优选的实施中，所述电特性是直接检测获取无需运算获得的电性特征，例如电压、电流。
在优选的实施中，还包括：
第一开关管，可操作地将所述加热元件与所述电芯连接，用于使所述电芯对所述加热元件供电以加热雾化液体基质；
第二开关管，可操作地从第一状态变化至第二状态以将所述第一电阻与所述加热元件连接以形成所述可检测回路、以及从所述第二状态变化至所述第一状态以断开所述可检测回路。
在优选的实施中，第二开关管的第一状态是断开状态，第二状态是导通状态。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为将所述第二开关管自所述第一状态改变至所述第二状态，并在所述第二状态下检测所述第一电阻和加热元件的电特性。
在优选的实施中，所述电子雾化装置包括电源机构、以及可移除地耦合所述电源机构的雾化器；其中，
所述电芯、第一电阻和控制器处于所述电源机构内；
所述加热元件处于所述雾化器中，且所述雾化器包含液体基质。
在优选的实施中，所述第一电阻是电阻值基本恒定的标准电阻，且不与液体基质接触。
在优选的实施中，所述可检测回路中第一电阻和加热元件是串联的；
所述电特性包括电压。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值在预定时间内的变化量，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值的初始值、以及所述比值在某个时间处相对初始值的变化量之间的比率，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述可检测回路中第一电阻和加热元件是并联的；
所述电特性包括电流。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值在预定时间内的变化量，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值的初始值、以及所述比值在某个时间处相对初始值的变化量之间的比率，确定不利条件。
在优选的实施中，所述控制器还被配置为在存在不利条件时阻止所述电芯向所述加热元件供电。
本申请的又一实施例提供了一种电子雾化装置，包括：用于供电的电芯；用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；控制器，被配置为根据所述电芯的电特性、所述可检测回路的电特性、所述第一电阻的电特性和所述加热元件的电特性中任意两者的比值，以确定不利条件。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种电源机构，用于对电子雾化装置的雾化器供电；所述雾化器包括用于加热雾化液体基质生成气溶胶的加热元件；所述电源机构包括：
电芯，用于供电；
第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
控制器，被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与所述加热元 件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。
本申请的又一个实施例还提出一种电子雾化装置的控制方法，所述电子雾化装置包括：
电芯，用于供电；
用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；
第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
所述方法包括如下步骤：
提供第一电阻与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与所述加热元件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。以上电子雾化装置，通过第一电阻与加热元件构建可检测回路，并根据可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与加热元件的电特性的比值以确定不利条件。
附图说明
本申请目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。一个或多个实施例通过与之对应的附图中的图片进行示例性说明，这些示例性说明并不构成对实施例的限定，附图中具有相同参考数字标号的元件表示为类似的元件，除非有特别申明，附图中的图不构成比例限制。
图1是本申请一实施例提供的电子雾化装置的示意图；
图2是图1中电路一个实施例的基本组件的示意图；
图3是图2的电路在一个实施例中第一电阻两端的电压与加热元件两端的电压的比值随时间的变化曲线；
图4是图1中电路又一个实施例的基本组件的示意图；
图5是图4的电路在一个实施例中流过第一电阻的电流与流过加热元件的电流的比值随时间的变化曲线。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实 施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
为了便于理解本申请，下面结合附图和具体实施方式，对本申请进行更详细的说明。
本申请的一个实施例提出一种电子雾化装置，可以参见图1所示，包括存储有液体基质并对其进行加热雾化生成气溶胶的雾化器100、以及为雾化器100供电的电源机构200。
在一个可选的实施方案中，比如图1所示，电源机构200包括设置于沿长度方向的一端、并用于接收和容纳雾化器100的至少一部分的接收腔270。电源机构200还包括至少部分裸露在接收腔270表面的第一电触头230，用于当雾化器100的至少一部分接收和容纳在电源机构200内时与雾化器100的形成电连接进而为雾化器100供电。
根据图1所示的优选实施方案，雾化器100沿长度方向与电源机构200相对的端部上设置有第二电触头21，进而当雾化器100的至少一部分接收于接收腔270内时，第二电触头21通过与第一电触头230接触抵靠进而形成导电。
电源机构200内设置有密封件260，并通过该密封件260将电源机构200的内部空间的至少一部分分隔形成以上接收腔270。在图1所示的优选实施方案中，该密封件260被构造成沿电源机构200的横截面方向延伸，并且优选是采用具有柔性材质例如硅胶制备，进而阻止由雾化器100渗流至接收腔270的液体基质流向电源机构200内部的电路220、气流传感器250等部件。
在图1所示的优选实施中，电源机构200还包括沿长度方向背离接收腔270的用于供电的电芯210。电源机构200还包括电路220，该电路220可操作地在电芯210与第一电触头230之间引导电流。
电源机构200包括有气流传感器250，用于感测用户对雾化器100抽吸时产生的抽吸气流，进而电路220根据该气流传感器250的感测信号控制电芯210向雾化器100输出电力。
进一步在图1所示的优选实施中，电源机构200在背离接收腔270的另一端设置有充电接口240，用于对电芯210充电。
在一个可选的实施例中，例如图1所示的实施例中，雾化器100包括有：
储液腔20，用于存储液体基质；
加热元件40，用于加热液体基质生成气溶胶；
导液元件30，用于在储液腔20与加热元件40之间传递液体基质。
在一个可选的实施中，液体基质优选包括含烟草的材料，含烟草的材料包括在加热时从液体基质释放的挥发性烟草香味化合物。替代地或另外，液体基质可以包含非烟草材料。液体基质可以包括水、乙醇或其它溶剂、植物提取物、尼古丁溶液和天然或人造的调味剂。优选的是，液体基质进一步包含气溶胶形成剂。合适的气溶胶形成剂的实例是甘油和/或丙二醇。
在图1所示的实施例中，导液元件30被构造成沿雾化器100的纵向延伸的中空柱状的形状，加热元件40形成于导液元件30的柱状中空内。在使用中如箭头R1所示，储液腔20的液体基质沿导液元件30的径向方向的外表面被吸收，而后传递至内表面的加热元件40内加热汽化生成气溶胶；生成的气溶胶由导液元件30的柱状中空内沿雾化器100的纵向输出，如图1中箭头R2所示。
在其他的变化实施中，导液元件30包括柔性的纤维，例如棉纤维、无纺布、玻纤绳等等，或者包括具有微孔构造的多孔陶瓷；具体的实施中采用多孔陶瓷的导液元件30的结构可以呈多种规则或不规则的任意形状，例如专利CN212590248U所记载的形状。
在一些实施例中，加热元件40是发热丝或发热片等等的构造，通过接触的方式结合于导液元件30。或者在其他的变化实施中，加热元件40可以是通过印刷、沉积、烧结或物理装配等方式结合在导液元件30上的。在一些其他的变化实施方式中，采用多孔陶瓷的导液元件30可以具有用于支撑加热元件40的平面或曲面，加热元件40通过贴装、印刷、沉积等方式形成于导液元件30的平面或曲面上。
加热元件40的材料可以是具有适当阻抗的金属材料、金属合金、石墨、碳、导电陶瓷或其它陶瓷材料和金属材料的复合材料。适当的金属或合金材料包括镍、钴、锆、钛、镍合金、钴合金、锆合金、钛合金、镍铬合金、镍铁合金、铁铬合金、铁铬铝合金、钛合金、铁锰铝基合金或不锈钢等中的至少一种。加热元件40的电阻材料可以选取具有适合电阻温度系数的金属或合金材料，例如正温度系数或负温度系数，这样发热线路既可以用来发热，又可以作为用来感测加热元件40实时温度的传感器。
为使在能准确监测加热元件40的工作状态，图2示出了电路20一个实施例的基本组件的示意图；该电路20的组件和连接上包括：
第一开关管Q1，定位于电芯210与加热元件40之间；当第一开关管Q1导 通时，用于使电芯210对加热元件40提供电力；
第一电阻R1，定位于第二开关管Q2与加热元件40之间，具体第一端与第二开关管Q2连接、第二端与加热元件40连接；该第一电阻R1是阻值基本恒定的标准电阻，阻值大约是与加热元件40的工作电阻值接近的，用于在当第二开关管Q2导通时与加热元件40形成串联，进而形成可以通过分压检测第一电阻R1和加热元件40的电压的检测回路。当然，在不需要进行检测时，第二开关管Q2断开以断开检测回路。
在图2中所示的具体实施中，加热元件40的第一端包括两路；其中第一路与第一开关管Q1连接，第二路用于与第一电阻R1形成串联。加热元件40的第二端是接地的，则加热元件40的第二端的电势为0。
进一步在图2所示的具体实施中，第一开关管Q1和第二开关管Q2是由MCU控制器221控制通断的，并且第一开关管Q1和第二开关管Q2是不同时导通的。在需要对加热元件40供电时，则MCU控制器221控制第一开关管Q1导通、第二开关管Q2断开，使电芯210对加热元件40供电。在需要检测不利条件时，则MCU控制器221控制第一开关管Q1断开、第二开关管Q2导通，通过检测第一电阻R1和/或加热元件40的相关电特性例如电压、电流等以确定不利条件。
在一个优选的实施中，将第一电阻R1两端的电压记为V1，加热元件40两端的电压记为V2；检测的过程中，MCU控制器221可以采样第一电阻R1的第一端即图2中采样点a处的电压记为Va，采样加热元件40的第一端即图2中采样点b处的电压Vb。基于图3中加热元件40的第二端接地，则采样点b处的电压Vb＝V2，而第一电阻R1两端的电压V1＝Va-V2。
进一步根据分压式Va/V2＝1+V1/V2＝(R1+R40)/R40＝1+R1/R40计算；其中，R40即加热元件40的实时电阻值；进一步在使用中，第一电阻R1为给定的标准电阻，阻值是恒定不变的；则影响V1/V2结果的唯一变量为加热元件40的实时电阻值R40，进而通过V1/V2即可确定加热元件40的工作状态。
进一步基于分压式，V1/V2＝(Va-V2)/V2＝Va/V2-1；其中，由于1为固定常数，则V1/V2的比值与Va/V2比值在意义和结果上是完全相同或等同的。进而在一个实施中，MCU控制器221将Va/V2的比值作为V1/V2的比值是相同的。
进一步图3示出了一个实施例在抽吸过程中，V1/V2的比值随着时间变化的示意图；根据图3所示，V1/V2的比值随着加热过程中加热元件40的温度升高 逐渐降低。
基于以上，在一个实施例中MCU控制器221根据第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值，确定加热元件40的不利条件。进一步还可以根据是否存在不利条件来控制电芯210对加热元件40提供电力。
或者基于以上V1/V2＝Va/V2-1，Va/V2的比值作为V1/V2的比值是在意义和结果上是完全相同或等同的；则在一些相近的实施例中MCU控制器221根据第一电阻R1与加热元件40组成的可检测回路的电压即采样点a处的电压Va，与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值，确定加热元件40的不利条件。
或者基于相近的实施中，可检测回路的电压Va＝V1+V2；则计算中V1/V2＝V1/(Va-V1)＝V1/Va-1；则V1与Va的比值同样与V1/V2的比值是在意义和结果上是完全相同或等同的；则在一些相近的实施例中MCU控制器221根据第一电阻R1与加热元件40组成的可检测回路的电压即采样点a处的电压Va，与第一电阻R1两端的电压V1的比值，确定加热元件40的不利条件。
或者基于相近的实施例中，可检测回路的电压Va实际是由电芯210的输出电压Vbat提供的，当可检测回路的电压Va与电芯210的输出电压Vbat之间具有基本额定的损耗或差值，则在以上计算中以电芯210的输出电压Vbat替代可检测回路的电压Va，在意义和结果上是完全相同或等同的。则在一些相近的实施例中MCU控制器221根据电芯210的输出电压Vbat、第一电阻R1两端的电压V1、加热元件40两端的电压V2、或者组成的可检测回路的电压Va中任意两者的比值，确定加热元件40的不利条件是能够实施的。
加热元件40的不利条件，一个具体的实施中是传递或提供给加热元件40的液体基质不足或耗尽。一般来说，在恒功率或电力提供给加热元件40时，向加热元件40传递或提供的液体基质越少，加热元件40的温度越高。
在又一个实施中，加热元件40的不利条件是加热元件40的工作参数例如温度、电压超过正常期望值，即加热元件40的工作状态超出所期望的正常范围，可能存在安全风险。
在又一个变化的实施中，加热元件40的不利条件是耦合于电源机构200的雾化器100为仿冒或不合格或损坏的。对于仿冒或不合格或损坏的雾化器100，在给定的电力下与标准的加热元件40不具备相同的工作参数或特性(例如电压、电流)。
在另一个实施的不利条件中，由雾化器100提供给加热元件40的液体基质是非期望的；具体，非期望的液体基质可能与所期望的液体基质具有不同的成分导致具有不同的粘度、热容或沸点等，则在被加热雾化中具有比所预期的更高或更低的温度或电力或功率。
进一步MCU控制器221还可以被配置成当存在不利条件时阻止电芯210向加热元件40提供电力。
在一个具体的实施中，MCU控制器221被配置为，在当第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，确定加热元件40的不利条件。例如根据图3所示，正常工作中最大阈值可以选择或设定为S0，最小阈值可以选择或设定为S1；当检测到V1/V2的比值大于S0或者小于S1时，确定加热元件40的不利条件。
或者在又一个具体的实施中，MCU控制器221被配置为，在当第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值时，确定加热元件40的不利条件。例如图3中，在抽吸过程中V1/V2的比值由初始值S0经过预定时间t1后达到S1。
应明确描述“当第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值时”涵盖所描述的比值比预期时间段更早或更晚达到预设阈值时的情况或根本达不到预设阈值的情况。在一些可选的实施中，以上预期时间段例如是50～200ms；或者还可以是80ms～200ms等。或者在一些优选的实施中，预期时间段在50ms～150ms之间。
在又一个具体的实施中，MCU控制器221被配置为，在当第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值在预定时间内的变化量，确定加热元件40的不利条件。例如，在工作中计算在100ms内V1/V2的变化量或变化率超出预设阈值范围来确定加热元件40的工作情况是否存在不利条件；或者在其他的变化实施中，预定时间还可以是50ms、80ms等。例如图3中，在抽吸过程中V1/V2的比值在预定时间t1内的变化量为ΔS(即S0-S1)，根据该变化量或变化率是否符合预期来确定是否存在不利。
或者在又一个具体的实施中，MCU控制器221被配置为，根据第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值在预定时间后某个时间处的变化量ΔS与初始值S0的比率(即ΔS/S0)确定是否存在不利条件。具体实施 中，可以根据ΔS/S0的比率选取符合正常工作的最大阈值和最小阈值，当ΔS/S0的比率大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，即可确定存在不利条件。
以上通过第一电阻R1两端的电压V1与加热元件40两端的电压V2的比值确定特定不利条件，允许设定较为精确阈值。以上电压的比值不取决于加热元件40的大小或形状因制造公差所致的变化并且不取决于电芯210的输出电压的变化，而仅取决于加热元件40和液体基质的材料特性。
进一步图4示出了电路20又一个实施例的基本组件的示意图；该电路20的组件和连接上包括：
第一开关管Q1，位于电芯210与加热元件40之间，以用于电芯210对加热元件40供电；
串联的第二开关管Q2和第一电阻R1，与加热元件40并联；当第二开关管Q2同时导通时，第一电阻R1与加热元件40在电芯210之间形成了检测回路，以检测流经第一电阻R1和加热元件40的电流。当然，在不需要进行检测时，第二开关管Q2断开以断开检测的回路。
具体，第一电阻R1是阻值基本恒定的标准电阻；当第一开关管Q1和第二开关管Q2同时导通时，MCU控制器221a通过检测流经第一电阻R1的电流I1与流经加热元件40的电流I2的比值即I1/I2，确定是否存在不利条件。
则在一些相近的实施例中MCU控制器221根据电芯210的输出电流、流经第一电阻R1的的电流I1、流经加热元件40的电流I2、或者可检测回路的总电流中任意两者的比值，确定加热元件40的不利条件是能够实施的。
具体，在工作中随着加热元件40的温度升高产生的电阻变化，则在检测中流经第一电阻R1的电流I1与流经加热元件40的电流I2的比值是变化的。
例如图5示出了一个实施例的流经第一电阻R1的电流I1与流经加热元件40的电流I2的比值即I1/I2随时间变化的曲线。在初始时刻，I1/I2的比值为S0；当供电至t1时刻时，I1/I2的比值为S0升高到S1；则MCU控制器221a根据该I1/I2的比值确定不利条件。
具体在一个实施例中，MCU控制器221a根据I1/I2的比值大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，确定加热元件40的不利条件。
或者在又一个实施例中，MCU控制器221a被配置为在I1/I2的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值，确定加热元件40的不利条件。应明确描述“I1/I2 的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值”涵盖所描述的比值比预期时间段更早或更晚达到预设阈值时的情况或根本达不到预设阈值的情况。在一些可选的实施中，以上预期时间段例如是50～200ms；或者还可以是80ms～200ms等。或者在一些优选的实施中，预期时间段在50ms～150ms之间。
在又一个具体的实施中，MCU控制器221a被配置为在当I1/I2的比值在预定时间内的变化量，确定加热元件40的不利条件；例如图5中I1/I2的比值在预定时间t1内的变化量为ΔS(即S0-S1)，根据该变化量或变化率是否符合预期来确定是否存在不利。
或者在又一个具体的实施中，MCU控制器221a被配置为根据I1/I2的比值在预定时间后某个时间处的变化量ΔS与初始值S0的比率(即ΔS/S0)确定是否存在不利条件。具体实施中，可以根据ΔS/S0的比率选取符合正常工作的最大阈值和最小阈值，当ΔS/S0的比率大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，即可确定存在不利条件。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电子雾化装置，其特征在于，包括：
    电芯，用于供电；
    用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；
    第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
    控制器，被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与所述加热元件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述电特性是可检测的。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    第一开关管，可操作地将所述加热元件与所述电芯连接，用于使所述电芯对所述加热元件供电以加热雾化液体基质；
    第二开关管，可操作地从第一状态变化至第二状态以将所述第一电阻与所述加热元件连接以形成所述可检测回路、以及从所述第二状态变化至所述第一状态以断开所述可检测回路。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为将所述第二开关管自所述第一状态改变至所述第二状态，并在所述第二状态下检测所述第一电阻和加热元件的电特性。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述电子雾化装置包括电源机构、以及可移除地耦合所述电源机构的雾化器；其中，
    所述电芯、第一电阻和控制器处于所述电源机构内；
    所述加热元件处于所述雾化器中，且所述雾化器包含液体基质。
  6. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述第一电阻是电阻值基本恒定的标准电阻，且不与液体基质接触。
  7. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述可检测回路中第一电阻和加热元件是串联的；
    所述电特性包括电压。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为 根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，确定不利条件。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值，确定不利条件。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值在预定时间内的变化量，确定不利条件。
  11. 如权利要求7所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电压与所述加热元件的电压的比值的初始值、以及所述比值在某个时间处相对初始值的变化量之间的比率，确定不利条件。
  12. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述可检测回路中第一电阻和加热元件是并联的；
    所述电特性包括电流。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值大于最大阈值或小于最小阈值时，确定不利条件。
  14. 如权利要求12所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值在预期时间段以外达到预设阈值，确定不利条件。
  15. 如权利要求12所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值在预定时间内的变化量，确定不利条件。
  16. 如权利要求12所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器被配置为根据所述可检测回路中流经第一电阻的电流与流经所述加热元件的电流的比值的初始值、以及所述比值在某个时间处相对初始值的变化量之间的比率，确定不利条件。
  17. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的电子雾化装置，其特征在于，所述控制器还被配置为在存在不利条件时阻止所述电芯向所述加热元件供电。
  18. 一种电子雾化装置，其特征在于，包括：
    电芯，用于供电；
    用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；
    第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
    控制器，被配置为根据所述电芯的电特性、所述可检测回路的电特性、所述第一电阻的电特性和所述加热元件的电特性中任意两者的比值，以确定不利条件。
  19. 一种电源机构，用于对电子雾化装置的雾化器供电；所述雾化器包括用于加热雾化液体基质生成气溶胶的加热元件；其特征在于，所述电源机构包括：
    电芯，用于供电；
    第一电阻，用于与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
    控制器，被配置为根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与所述加热元件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。
  20. 一种电子雾化装置的控制方法，所述电子雾化装置包括：
    电芯，用于供电；用于加热雾化液体基质的加热元件；
    其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
    提供第一电阻与所述加热元件连接形成可检测回路；
    根据所述可检测回路中第一电阻的电特性与所述加热元件的电特性的比值，以确定不利条件。
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CN108363432A (zh) * 2018-05-09 2018-08-03 上海新型烟草制品研究院有限公司 一种气雾产生装置的温度控制方法、系统、设备、介质和温度控制板
CN209231795U (zh) * 2018-05-09 2019-08-09 上海新型烟草制品研究院有限公司 一种气雾产生装置的温度控制板
CN212590248U (zh) 2020-04-30 2021-02-26 深圳市合元科技有限公司 雾化器以及电子烟
CN215347063U (zh) * 2021-06-10 2021-12-31 深圳市合元科技有限公司 电子雾化装置及电源机构

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