WO2022257285A1 - 钕铁硼磁体及其制备方法 - Google Patents
钕铁硼磁体及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022257285A1 WO2022257285A1 PCT/CN2021/116296 CN2021116296W WO2022257285A1 WO 2022257285 A1 WO2022257285 A1 WO 2022257285A1 CN 2021116296 W CN2021116296 W CN 2021116296W WO 2022257285 A1 WO2022257285 A1 WO 2022257285A1
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- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000006356 dehydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 0.1wt% Inorganic materials 0.000 description 37
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010902 jet-milling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000143437 Aciculosporium take Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005324 grain boundary diffusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dysprosium atom Chemical compound [Dy] KBQHZAAAGSGFKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/0266—Moulding; Pressing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0573—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes obtained by reduction or by hydrogen decrepitation or embrittlement
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0576—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together pressed, e.g. hot working
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of neodymium iron boron, in particular to an neodymium iron boron magnet and a preparation method thereof.
- the magnetic energy product represents the energy of an external magnetic field generated by a magnet per unit volume.
- the high magnetic energy product means that smaller magnets can be used on the motor to output more power.
- Sintered NdFeB magnet is the permanent magnet material with the strongest comprehensive magnetic properties in the world today. With its excellent characteristics and cost performance surpassing traditional permanent magnet materials, it is widely used in energy, transportation, machinery, medical, computer, home appliances and other fields , play an important role in the national economy.
- NdFeB is an important rare-earth permanent magnet material with high magnetic energy product, high coercive force, light weight and low cost. The emergence of NdFeB has made magnetic devices develop in the direction of high efficiency, miniaturization and light weight.
- patent publication number 201810154877.4 "a high-performance sintered NdFeB magnet and its preparation method”
- patent publication number 201210419107.0 a sintered NdFeB magnet and its preparation method
- the content of Dy and Tb is the key to determine the cost of high-performance sintered NdFeB materials.
- the price of heavy rare earths has been increasing in recent years.
- Chinese Physical Society, 2021 The academic paper discloses that the coercive force of the formed sintered magnet can be improved to a certain extent by adjusting the content of each component in the alloy (especially the content of Nd and Ga) and the hydrogen crushing treatment temperature.
- NdFeB magnet which has a simpler preparation process, is more conducive to mass production, has a higher coercive force, and has better remanence and magnetic stability.
- the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of NdFeB magnet and its preparation method, to solve the problems existing in the prior art when increasing the coercive force of NdFeB magnets on the basis of adding little or no Dy and Tb. It is beneficial to mass production, and the coercive force of the sintered magnet formed is small, and the stability of remanence and magnetic properties is poor.
- a method for preparing an NdFeB magnet comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the alloy A and the alloy B, and performing powder-making treatment to obtain a mixed powder; S2, performing compression molding on the mixed powder to obtain a pressed product; S3, performing sintering treatment on the pressed product in sequence and tempering treatment to obtain NdFeB magnets; wherein, by weight percentage, the raw material components of alloy A include 28-35wt% of Re, 64-71.2wt% of T and 0.8-1.0wt% of B; wherein, Re One or more of La, Ce, Pr or Nd, T is one or more of Fe, Co, Al, Si, Cu, Nb, Zr and Ga; by weight percentage, the raw material of alloy B
- the composition includes 40-60wt% Re, 39.2-59.5wt% T and 0.5-0.8wt% B; wherein, Re is one or more of La, Ce, Pr or Nd, T includes Fe
- the amount of the alloy B is 1-10% of the weight of the alloy A.
- the raw material composition of alloy B includes 40-60wt% Re, 0-2wt% Co, 3-10wt% Cu, 3-10wt% Ga, 0-0.5wt% Nb and/or Zr, 0.5 ⁇ 0.8wt% B and balance Fe.
- the raw material composition of alloy A includes: Nd, 30-32wt%; Co, 1.0-2.0wt%; Cu, 0.05-0.1wt%; Al, 0.3-0.8wt%; Ga, 0.1-0.15wt%; Zr , 0.12 ⁇ 0.15wt%; B, 0.9 ⁇ 0.92wt% and the balance of Fe;
- the raw material composition of alloy B includes: Nd, 40 ⁇ 50wt%; Co, 1.0 ⁇ 1.5wt%; Cu, 5 ⁇ 8wt%; Al , 0.1-0.4wt%; Ga, 5-8wt%; Nb, 0.2-0.3wt%; B, 0.65-0.75wt% and the balance of Fe.
- the raw material composition of alloy A includes: Nd, 32wt%; Co, 1.5wt%; Cu, 0.1wt%; Al, 0.8wt%; Ga, 0.1wt%; Zr, 0.15wt%; and the rest of Fe;
- the raw material composition of alloy B includes: Nd, 50wt%; Co, 1.0wt%; Cu, 6wt%; Al, 0.4wt%; Ga, 6wt%; Nb, 0.3wt%; % and the balance of Fe; or, the raw material composition of alloy A includes: Nd, 31.5wt%; Co, 1.5wt%; Cu, 0.1wt%; Al, 0.6wt%; Ga, 0.1wt%; Zr, 0.15wt% %; B, 0.9wt% and the rest of Fe; the raw material composition of alloy B includes: Nd, 45wt%; Co, 1.0wt%; Cu, 5wt%; Al, 0.1wt%; Ga, 5wt%; Nb
- the average particle size of the mixed powder is 2.8-3.0 ⁇ m.
- the treatment temperature is 1000-1100° C.
- the treatment time is 5-10 hours.
- the tempering treatment includes sequential primary tempering treatment and secondary tempering treatment; preferably, during the primary tempering treatment, the treatment temperature is 880-920°C, and the treatment time is 2-4h; preferably Specifically, during the secondary tempering treatment, the treatment temperature is 450-550° C., and the treatment time is 4-6 hours.
- the preparation method also includes the steps of mixing alloy A and alloy B and sequentially performing hydrogen crushing treatment and dehydrogenation treatment; preferably, during the dehydrogenation treatment, the treatment temperature is 450-500°C, The treatment time is 5-10 hours; preferably, the hydrogen content in the mixed powder is 600-1200 ppm, and the oxygen content is 1000-1500 ppm.
- a neodymium iron boron magnet is provided.
- the NdFeB magnet is produced by the above-mentioned NdFeB magnet preparation method.
- Fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a preparation method of an NdFeB magnet according to the present invention.
- the present invention provides a preparation method of NdFeB magnets, as shown in Figure 1, the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, after mixing alloy A and alloy B, carry out powder making treatment to obtain Mixed powder; S2, press the mixed powder to obtain a pressed product; S3, sequentially sinter and temper the pressed product to obtain an NdFeB magnet; in terms of weight percentage, the raw material composition of alloy A contains 28 ⁇ 35wt% Re, 64 ⁇ 71.2wt% T and 0.8 ⁇ 1.0wt% B; wherein, Re is one or more of La, Ce, Pr or Nd, and T is Fe, Co, Al, Si One or more of , Cu, Nb, Zr and Ga; by weight percentage, the raw material composition of alloy B includes 40-60wt% Re, 39.2-59.5wt% T and 0.5-0.8wt% B; Wherein, Re is one or more of La, Ce, Pr or Nd, T contains Fe and Ga, and at the same time, T also contains one or more of Co
- alloy A and alloy B are obtained by conventional smelting of their raw materials, and the specific smelting process is well known in the art, such as resin transfer molding (RTM) and vacuum quick-setting furnace smelting process.
- the amount of the alloy B used is 1-10% by weight of the alloy A.
- the coercive force of NdFeB magnets is higher and has better stability of magnetic properties.
- the preparation method has a simple operation process and is more conducive to mass production.
- the content of each component in alloy A is as follows: Nd, 30-32wt%; Co, 1.0-2.0wt%; Cu, 0.05-0.1wt%; Al, 0.3-0.8wt%; Ga, 0.1 ⁇ 0.15wt%; Zr, 0.12 ⁇ 0.15wt%; B, 0.9 ⁇ 0.92wt% and the rest of Fe;
- the content of each component in alloy B is as follows: Nd, 40 ⁇ 50wt%; Co, 1.0 ⁇ 1.5wt%; Cu, 5-8wt%; Al, 0.1-0.4wt%; Ga, 5-8wt%; Nb, 0.2-0.3wt%; B, 0.65-0.75wt% and the balance of Fe. Based on this, the coercive force of the magnet is greatly improved, and at the same time, its residual magnetism and magnetic performance stability are also better.
- the content of each component in the alloy A is as follows: Nd, 32wt%; Co, 1.5wt%; Cu, 0.1wt%; Al, 0.8wt% %; Ga, 0.1wt%; Zr, 0.15wt%; B, 0.9wt% and the rest of Fe;
- the content of each component in alloy B is as follows: Nd, 50wt%; Co, 1.0wt%; Cu, 6wt%; Al , 0.4wt%; Ga, 6wt%; Nb, 0.3wt%; B, 0.75wt% and the rest of Fe; or, the contents of each component in alloy A are as follows: Nd, 31.5wt%; Co, 1.5wt%; Cu , 0.1wt%; Al, 0.6wt%; Ga, 0.1wt%; Zr, 0.15wt%; wt%; Cu, 5wt%; Al,
- the average particle size of the mixed powder is 2.8-3.0 ⁇ m, and 50% of the powder in the normal distribution has a particle size smaller than 3.5 ⁇ m.
- the mixing uniformity of the alloy A and the alloy B is better, and the subsequent forming efficiency can be further improved, thereby improving the stability of the magnetic properties of the magnet.
- the treatment temperature is 1000-1100° C., and the treatment time is 5-10 hours.
- the preferred tempering treatment includes a sequential primary tempering treatment and secondary tempering treatment; preferably, the primary tempering treatment During the process, the treatment temperature is 880-920° C., and the treatment time is 2-4 hours; preferably, during the secondary tempering treatment, the treatment temperature is 450-550° C., and the treatment time is 4-6 hours.
- the preparation method before the pulverization treatment, also includes the steps of mixing alloy A and alloy B and sequentially performing hydrogen crushing treatment and dehydrogenation treatment; preferably, during the dehydrogenation treatment, the treatment temperature is 450-500°C, The treatment time is 5-10 hours; preferably, the hydrogen crushing treatment in the mixed powder can pre-crunch the mixture of alloy A and alloy B, so as to further improve the subsequent powder making efficiency.
- the hydrogen content in the mixed powder can be better controlled to be 600-1200ppm, and the oxygen content to be 1000-1500ppm.
- the mixed powder is subjected to compression molding in an orientation magnetic field, and the magnetic field strength of the orientation magnetic field is greater than or equal to 1.4T.
- the magnetic field strength of the orientation magnetic field is greater than or equal to 1.4T.
- the present invention also provides a neodymium-iron-boron magnet, which is manufactured by the above-mentioned neodymium-iron-boron magnet preparation method.
- the coercive force of the NdFeB magnet of the present invention is greatly improved without adding any dysprosium/terbium, and at the same time, the remanence and magnetic properties are more stable and more Facilitate mass production.
- Remanence (Br) test A permanent magnet non-destructive testing instrument NIM-10000 is used.
- hydrogen crushing treatment After mixing alloy A and alloy B (the amount of alloy B used is 5% of the weight of alloy A), hydrogen crushing treatment, dehydrogenation treatment and powder making treatment are carried out in sequence to obtain mixed powder.
- the hydrogen crushing dehydrogenation treatment temperature is 480°C
- the dehydrogenation treatment time is 6 hours
- the hydrogen content in the dehydrogenated powder is 980ppm
- the oxygen content is 1100ppm.
- the powder after hydrogen crushing is processed by jet milling.
- the particle size of the mixed powder conforms to the normal distribution.
- the average particle size is 2.8 ⁇ m, and the particle size of 50% of the powder in the normal distribution is less than 3.25 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 The only difference from Example 1 is that the amount of alloy B used is 12% of the weight of alloy A. Take a standard sample of ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10(mm) for testing, and the test results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the hydrogen crushing dehydrogenation treatment temperature is 470°C
- the dehydrogenation treatment time is 6 hours
- the hydrogen content in the dehydrogenated powder is 1020ppm
- the oxygen content is 1060ppm.
- the powder after hydrogen crushing is processed by jet milling.
- the particle size of the mixed powder conforms to the normal distribution, with an average particle size of 2.95 ⁇ m, and 50% of the powder particle size in the normal distribution is less than 3.42 ⁇ m.
- Example 3 The only difference from Example 3 is that the amount of alloy B used is 11% of the weight of alloy A. Take a standard sample of ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10(mm) for testing, and the test results are shown in Table 4 below.
- the hydrogen crushing dehydrogenation treatment temperature is 490°C
- the dehydrogenation treatment time is 6 hours
- the hydrogen content in the dehydrogenated powder is 980ppm
- the oxygen content is 1050ppm.
- the powder after hydrogen crushing is processed by jet milling.
- the particle size of the mixed powder conforms to the normal distribution.
- the average particle size is 2.87 ⁇ m
- 50% of the powder particle size in the normal distribution is less than 3.28 ⁇ m.
- Example 5 The only difference from Example 5 is that the amount of alloy B used is 13% of the weight of alloy A. Take a standard sample of ⁇ 10 ⁇ 10(mm) for testing, and the test results are shown in Table 6 below.
- Example 1 The difference from Example 1 is that the NdFeB magnets are produced after the raw materials are made into an alloy together. specifically:
- alloy C By weight (Nd, Pr), 32.14wt%, Co, 1.48wt%, Cu, 0.33wt%, Al, 0.58wt%, Ga, 0.24wt%, Zr, 0.16wt%, B, 0.89wt% and the rest A certain amount of Fe formula is smelted in a vacuum quick-setting furnace to obtain alloy C, and alloy C is subjected to hydrogen crushing, dehydrogenation and powder making to obtain powder.
- the hydrogen crushing dehydrogenation treatment temperature is 480°C
- the dehydrogenation treatment time is 6 hours
- the hydrogen content in the dehydrogenated powder is 980ppm
- the oxygen content is 1100ppm.
- the powder after hydrogen crushing is processed by jet milling.
- the particle size of the mixed powder conforms to the normal distribution.
- the average particle size is 2.8 ⁇ m, and the particle size of 50% of the powder in the normal distribution is less than 3.25 ⁇ m.
- the weight ratio of Nd and Pr in both Alloy A and Alloy B is 2:8.
- Example 3 The difference from Example 3 lies in that the NdFeB magnets are manufactured after the raw materials are jointly made into an alloy. specifically:
- the powder after hydrogen crushing is processed by jet milling.
- the particle size of the mixed powder conforms to the normal distribution, with an average particle size of 2.95 ⁇ m, and 50% of the powder particle size in the normal distribution is less than 3.42 ⁇ m.
- the weight ratio of Nd and Pr in both Alloy A and Alloy B is 2:8.
- the powder after hydrogen crushing is processed by jet milling.
- the particle size of the mixed powder conforms to the normal distribution, and its average particle size is 2.87 ⁇ m. In the normal distribution, 50% of the powder particle size is less than 3.28 ⁇ m.
- the weight ratio of Nd and Pr in both Alloy A and Alloy B is 2:8.
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- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
磁体来源 | 剩磁Br(kGs) | 内禀矫顽Hcj(kOe) | 最大磁能积(BH)max(MGOe) |
实施例1 | 13.12 | 21.6 | 40.75 |
合金A | 13.5 | 17.2 | 43.56 |
合金B | 10.2 | 11.2 | 29.15 |
磁体来源 | 剩磁Br(kGs) | 内禀矫顽Hcj(kOe) | 最大磁能积(BH)max(MGOe) |
实施例2 | 12.65 | 18.9 | 37.23 |
合金A | 13.5 | 17.2 | 43.56 |
合金B | 10.2 | 11.2 | 29.15 |
Claims (10)
- 一种钕铁硼磁体的制备方法,其特征在于,所述制备方法包括以下步骤:S1,将合金A及合金B混合后,进行制粉处理,得到混合粉料;S2,将所述混合粉料进行压制成型,得到压制制品;S3,将所述压制制品依次进行烧结处理及回火处理,得到所述钕铁硼磁体;其中,按重量百分比计,所述合金A的原料成分包含28~35wt%的Re、64~71.2wt%的T以及0.8~1.0wt%的B;其中,Re为La、Ce、Pr或Nd中的一种或多种,T为Fe、Co、Al、Si、Cu、Nb、Zr和Ga中的一种或多种;按重量百分比计,所述合金B的原料成分包含40~60wt%的Re、39.2~59.5wt%的T以及0.5~0.8wt%的B;其中,Re为La、Ce、Pr或Nd中的一种或多种,T包含Fe和Ga,同时,T还包含Co、Cu、Nb或Zr中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述合金B的用量为所述合金A重量的1~10%。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述合金B的原料成分包含40~60wt%的Re、0~2wt%的Co、3~10wt%的Cu、3~10wt%的Ga、0~0.5wt%的Nb和/或Zr、0.5~0.8wt%的B以及余量的Fe。
- 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述合金A的原料成分包含:Nd、30~32wt%;Co、1.0~2.0wt%;Cu、0.05~0.1wt%;Al、0.3~0.8wt%;Ga、0.1~0.15wt%;Zr、0.12~0.15wt%;B、0.9~0.92wt%及余量的Fe;所述合金B的原料成分包含:Nd、40~50wt%;Co、1.0~1.5wt%;Cu、5~8wt%;Al、0.1~0.4wt%;Ga、5~8wt%;Nb、0.2~0.3wt%;B、0.65~0.75wt%及余量的Fe;优选地,所述合金A的原料成分包含:Nd、32wt%;Co、1.5wt%;Cu、0.1wt%;Al、0.8wt%;Ga、0.1wt%;Zr、0.15wt%;B、0.9wt%及余量的Fe;所述合金B的原料成分包含:Nd、50wt%;Co、1.0wt%;Cu、6wt%;Al、0.4wt%;Ga、6wt%; Nb、0.3wt%;B、0.75wt%及余量的Fe;或者,所述合金A的原料成分包含:Nd、31.5wt%;Co、1.5wt%;Cu、0.1wt%;Al、0.6wt%;Ga、0.1wt%;Zr、0.15wt%;B、0.9wt%及余量的Fe;所述合金B的原料成分包含:Nd、45wt%;Co、1.0wt%;Cu、5wt%;Al、0.1wt%;Ga、5wt%;Nb、0.3wt%;B、0.7wt%及余量的Fe。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述混合粉料的平均粒度为2.8~3.0μm。
- 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧结处理过程中,处理温度为1000~1100℃,处理时间为5~10h。
- 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述回火处理包括顺次进行的一级回火处理及二级回火处理;优选地,所述一级回火处理过程中,处理温度为880~920℃,处理时间为2~4h;优选地,所述二级回火处理过程中,处理温度为450~550℃,处理时间为4~6h。
- 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,在所述制粉处理前,所述制备方法还包括将所述合金A及所述合金B混合并依次进行氢碎处理及脱氢处理的步骤;优选地,所述脱氢处理过程中,处理温度为450~500℃,处理时间为5~10h;优选地,所述混合粉料中氢含量为600~1200ppm,氧含量为1000~1500ppm。
- 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述压制成型过程中,将所述混合粉料在取向磁场中进行压制成型,所述取向磁场的磁场强度≥1.4T。
- 一种钕铁硼磁体,其特征在于,所述钕铁硼磁体由权利要求1至9中任一项所述的钕铁硼磁体制备方法制得。
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Citations (5)
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CN103103442A (zh) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-15 | 包头稀土研究院 | 主辅合金法制备钕铁硼的方法 |
CN105575577A (zh) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-05-11 | 四川大学 | 烧结富铈稀土永磁材料及其制备方法 |
CN105931784A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-07 | 成都八九九科技有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀含铈稀土永磁材料及其制备方法 |
CN110431646A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-11-08 | 日立金属株式会社 | R-t-b系烧结磁体的制造方法 |
CN111378907A (zh) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-07 | 甘肃稀土新材料股份有限公司 | 一种提高钕铁硼永磁材料矫顽力的辅助合金及应用方法 |
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- 2021-09-02 EP EP21942136.9A patent/EP4145475A4/en active Pending
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Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103103442A (zh) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-15 | 包头稀土研究院 | 主辅合金法制备钕铁硼的方法 |
CN105575577A (zh) * | 2016-03-04 | 2016-05-11 | 四川大学 | 烧结富铈稀土永磁材料及其制备方法 |
CN105931784A (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-07 | 成都八九九科技有限公司 | 一种耐腐蚀含铈稀土永磁材料及其制备方法 |
CN110431646A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2019-11-08 | 日立金属株式会社 | R-t-b系烧结磁体的制造方法 |
CN111378907A (zh) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-07-07 | 甘肃稀土新材料股份有限公司 | 一种提高钕铁硼永磁材料矫顽力的辅助合金及应用方法 |
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