Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
  • A01N43/06—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings
  • A01N43/12—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with a carbocyclic ring
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
  • A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
  • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
  • A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
  • A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
  • A01P13/02—Herbicides; Algicides selective

Definitions

• compositions with ethofumesate and a safener Compositions with ethofumesate and a safener
• the present invention primarily relates to (the use of) certain herbicidal compositions with (i) ethofumesate according to formula (I) and (ii) a safener in the protection of crop plants, in particular cereals such as wheat or barley.
• the present invention also relates to the use of said compositions in the field of agriculture and for controlling harmful plants.
• the present invention further relates to corresponding methods.
• Ethofumesate (IUPAC name 2 -ethoxy -2, 3-dihy dro-3, 3 -dim ethylbenzofuran-5-yl methanesulfonate)ofthe following formula (I), is a known benzofurane herbicide. It is used pre- and post -emergence for grass and broad-leaved weed control in various crops, in particular sugarbeet.
• EP 0 113 169 A2 teaches herbicidal mixtures having synergistic activity based on the combination of (a) quizalafop, or a salt or ester thereof and (b) benazolin or a salt or ester thereof and/orethofumesate.
• WO 2008/075065 A2 pertains to the protection of wheat crops by using compositions comprising ethofumesate as herbicide, wherein the composition is apphed to the wheat crop either pre-emergence or post -emergence, in particular not before ZCK 13, and wherein the composition is apphed to the wheat such that an amount of ethofumesate of between about 50 g/ha and about 800 g/ha is apphed.
• WO 2020/078874 A1 discloses herbicide combinations based on the combination of ethofumesate and bixlozone, optionally comprising a safener or further herbicides.
• herbicidal crop protection agents for controlling harmful plants or unwanted vegetation have some disadvantages, above all (a) that they have no or else insufficient herbicidal activity against specific harmful plants, (b) that the spectrum of harmful plants which can be controlled with the herbicides is not broad enough, (c) that the selectivity of herbicides in and the compatibility with crops is too low, thereby causing unwanted damage and/or unwanted reduced harvest yields of the crops, (d) that the initial herbicidal activity is not acceptable or not strong enough and/or(e) thatthe herbicidal activity does not last long enough. For this reason there is a constant need to develop novelherbicidal compositions which have advantages overthe known ones at least in some areas.
• compositions with ethofumesate exhibit improved crop compatibility, i.e. low crop injury, in particular in cereals such as wheat or barley, especially cereal crops such as winter wheat and winter barley.
• the present invention mainly is based on the observation that safeners can reduce the crop damage caused by ethofumesate to crop plants (crops), i.e. desired plants, in particular in monocotyledonous crop plants like cereals, in particular early post-emergence at growth stages before BBCH 13 of the crop plants, particularly in wheat crop plants and barley crop plants, especially in winter wheat crop plants and winter barley crop plants.
• crops crop plants
• desired plants i.e. desired plants
• monocotyledonous crop plants like cereals in particular early post-emergence at growth stages before BBCH 13 of the crop plants, particularly in wheat crop plants and barley crop plants, especially in winter wheat crop plants and winter barley crop plants.
• the safener mefenpyr-diethyl is effective in safening AFS-inhibitors like mesosulfuron and iodosulfuron, and esters and salts thereof.
• WSSA Weed Science Society of America
• SOA Herbicide Site of Action
• WSSA Groups are known to those skilled in the art.
• Herbicides from WSSA Group 15 are very long-chain fatty acid (VFCFA) synthesis inhibitor herbicides. Ethofumesate however is not an ALS-inhibitor and does not have structural similarity to ALS-inhibitors, bit belongs to WSSA group 15.
• the safenermefenpyr-diethyldoes not have a safening effect - for example in cereral crops such as wheat or barley - when used with flufenacet, a herbicide which also belongs to WSSA group 15. Furthermore, it ha s been found, that the compositions (used) accordingto the invention bring about the weed control activity of ethofumesate with respect to harmful plants (weeds) and at the same time not (substantially) damaging the crop plants. Thus, the compositions (used) accordingto the invention allow controlof harmfulplantsthatcanbe controlled by ethofumesate and achieve increased safety in use forthe crop plants.
• the present invention therefore relates to a composition
• a composition comprising (i) ethofumesate of formula (I) and
• constituents (i) and (ii) are present in a ratio in the range of from 6 : 1 to 1 : 4, based on the total weight of the composition, and wherein constituent (i) is the only herbicidally active ingredient.
• constituents (i) and (ii) are the only agrochemically active compounds present in said composition.
• compositions of the present invention are particularly suitable for the protection of cereral crop plant such as wheat crop plants and barley crop plants, in particular winter wheat crop plants and winter barley crop plants.
• cereral crop plant such as wheat crop plants and barley crop plants, in particular winter wheat crop plants and winter barley crop plants.
• constituent riri. safener 51 Compounds of the group of heterocyclic carboxyhc acid derivatives:
• Sl b Derivatives of dichlorophenylpyrazolecarboxylic acid (S 1 b ), preferably compounds such as ethyl l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-methylpyrazole-3 -carboxy late (SI -2), ethyl l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-isopropylpyrazole-3 -carboxy late (SI -3), ethyl l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-(l,l-dimethylethyl)pyrazole-3-carboxylate (Sl-4) and related compounds, as described in EP-A-333 131 andEP-A-269 806;
• Sl c Derivatives of l,5-diphenylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (Sl c ), preferably compounds such as ethyl 1 -(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-phenylpyrazole-3-carboxylate (SI -5), methyl l-(2-chlorophenyl)-5-phenylpyrazole-3-carboxylate (Sl-6) and related compounds, as described, for example, in EP-A-268554;
• Sl d Compounds of the type of triazolecarboxyhc acids (Sl d ), preferably compounds such as fenchlorazole(-ethyl), i.e. ethyl l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-5-trichloromethyl-(lH)-l,2,4-triazole-3- carboxylate (SI -7), andrelated compounds, as described in EP-A-174 562 and EP-A-346 620;
• S2 b Compounds of the type of (5-chloro-8-quinolinoxy)malonic acid (S2 b ), preferably compounds such as diethyl (5-chloro-8-quinolinoxy)malonate, diallyl (5-chloro-8-quinolinoxy)malonate, methyl ethyl (5-chloro-8-quinolinoxy)malonate and related compounds, as described in EP-A-0 582 198.
• S3 Active compounds of the type of dichloroacetamides (S3) which are frequently used as pre emergence safeners (soil-acting safeners), such as, for example, “dichlormid” (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide) (S3 -1 ),
• PPG-1292 N-allyl-N-[(l,3-dioxolan-2-yl)methyl]dichloroacetamide (S3 5),
• S4 a N-acylsulphonamides of the formula (S4 a ) and salts thereof, as described in WO-A-97/45016 in which R A 1 is (Ci-C 6 )-alkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, where the 2 last -mentioned radicals are substituted by V A substituents from the group consisting of halogen, (Ci-C4)-alkoxy, halo-(C i-O,)- alkoxy and (Ci-C4)-alkylthio and, in the case of cychc radicals, also (Ci-C4)-alkyl and (Ci-C4)-haloalkyl;
• R A 2 is halogen, (Ci-C4)-alkyl, (Ci-C 4 )-alkoxy, CF3;
• m A is 1 or 2; is 0, 1, 2 or 3;
• RB 1 , RB 2 independently of one another are hydrogen, (Ci-C 6 )-alkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C3-C6)-alkenyl, (C ⁇ -G,)-a lkynyl.
• RB 3 is halogen, (Ci-C4)-alkyl, (Ci-C4)-haloalkyl or (Ci-C4)-alkoxy, me is 1 or 2; for example those in which
• RB 1 ethyl
• R B 1 isopropyl
• RB 1 isopropyl
• RB 2 hydrogen
• (RB 3 ) 2-OMe (S4-5);
• Rc 1 , Rc 2 independently of one another are hydrogen, (Ci-Cs) -alkyl, (C3-C 8 )-cycloalkyl, (C 3 -C6)- alkenyl, (CVCrd-alkyny 1.
• Rc 3 is halogen, (Ci-C4)-alkyl, (Ci-C 4 )-alkoxy, CF3, me is 1 or 2; for example l-[4-(N-2-methoxybenzoylsulphamoyl)phenyl]-3-methylurea, l-[4-(N-2-methoxybenzoylsulphamoyl)phenyl]-3,3-dimethylurea, l-[4-(N-4,5-dimethylbenzoy lsulphamoyl)phenyl]-3 -methylurea;
• R D 5 is hydrogen, (Ci-Ce)-alkyl, (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, (C2-C6)-alkenyl, (C2-Ce)-alkynyl, (Cs-Ce)- cycloalkenyl.
• Active compounds from the class of hydroxyaromatics and aromatic-ahphatic carboxyhc acid derivatives for example ethyl 3,4, 5 -triacetoxy benzoate, 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxysalicylic acid, 4-fluorosahcychc acid, 2- hydroxycinnamic acid, 2,4-dichlorocinnamic acid, as described in WO-A-2004/084631, WO-A- 2005/015994, WO-A-2005/016001.
• Active compounds from the class of l,2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-ones for example l-methyl-3-(2-thienyl)-l,2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one, 1 -methyl-3 -(2 -thienyl)- 1,2- dihydroquinoxaline-2-thione, l-(2-aminoethyl)-3-(2-thienyl)-l,2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one hydrochloride, 1 -(2-methylsulphonylaminoethyl)-3-(2-thienyl)-l ,2-dihydroquinoxalin-2-one, as described in WO-A-2005/112630.
• R D 1 is halogen, (Ci-C4)-alkyl, (Ci-C4)-haloalkyl, (Ci-C 4 )-alkoxy, (Ci-C 4 )-haloalkoxy,
• R D 2 is hydrogen or (Ci-C4)-alkyl
• R D 3 is hydrogen, (Ci-Cs)-alkyl, (C2-C4)-alkenyl, (C2-C4)-alkynyl or aryl, where each of the carbon-containing radicals mentioned above is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more, preferably by up to three, identical or different radicals from the group consisting of halogen and alkoxy; or salts thereof, n D is an integer from 0 to 2.
• S9 Active compounds from the class of 3-(5-tetrazolylcarbonyl)-2-quinolones (S9), for example l,2-dihydro-4-hydroxy-l-ethyl-3-(5-tetrazolylcarbonyl)-2-quinolone (CAS Reg. No.: 219479-18- 2), 1, 2 -dihydro -4 -hydroxy-1 -methyl-3 -(5 -tetrazolylcarbonyl)-2-quinolone (CAS Reg. No.: 95855-
• RE 1 is halogen, (Ci-C 4 )-alkyl, m ethoxy, nitro, cyano,CF3, OCF3
• YE, Z E independently of one another are O or S, is an integer from 0 to 4,
• RE 2 is (Ci-Ci 6 )-alkyl, (CVCrd-alkcnyl. (C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, aryl; benzyl, halobenzyl,
• RE 3 is hydrogen or (Ci-C 6 )-alkyl.
• Active compounds of the type of oxyimino compounds (SI 1) which are known as seed dressings, such as, for example, "oxabetrinil” ((Z)-l,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethoxyimino(phenyl)acetonitrile) (SI 1-1), which is known as seed dressing safener for millet against metolachlor damage,
• Flufluxofenim (l-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trifluoro-l-ethanone 0-(l,3-dioxolan-2-ylmethyl)oxime) (SI 1-2), which is known as seed dressing safener for millet against metolachlor damage, and
• naphthalic anhydrid (1,8-naphthalenedicarboxylic anhydride) (S13-1), which is known as seed dressing safener for com against thiocarbamate herbicide damage,
• MG 191 (CAS Reg. No.: 96420-72-3) (2 -dichloromethyl-2 -methyl-1, 3-dioxolane) (S13-5) which is known as safener for com,
• mephenate (4-chlorophenyl methylcarbamate)(S13-9).
• Active compounds which, besides a herbicidal effect against harmful plants, also have a safener effect on crop plants such as rice, such as, for example, “dimepiperate” or “MY 93” (S'-l-methyl- 1-phenylethyl piperidine-1 -carbothioate), which is known as safener for rice against molinate herbicide damage,
• R H 1 is (Ci-C 6 )-haloalkyl
• R H 2 is hydrogen or halogen
• R H 3 , R H 4 independently of one another are hydrogen, (Ci-Ci6)-alkyl, (C 2 -Ci6)-alkenyl or
• each of the 3 last-mentioned radicals is unsubstituted or substituted by one ormore radicals from the group consisting of halogen, hydroxy, cyano, (Ci-C 4 )-alkoxy, (C1-C4)- haloalkoxy, (Ci-C 4 )-alkylthio, (Ci-C 4 )-alkylamino, di-[(Ci-C 4 )-alkyl]-amino, [(C1-C4)- alkoxy
• R H 3 is (Ci-C 4 )-alkoxy, (C 2 -C 4 )-alkenyloxy, (CVO -alky nyloxy or (C 2 -C 4 )-haloalkoxy, and
• R H 4 is hydrogen or (Ci-C 4 )-alkyl, or
• R H 3 and R H 4 together with the directly bound N-atom are a 4 to 8-membered heterocychc ring, which can contain further hetero ring atoms besides the N-atom, preferably up to two further hetero ring atoms from the group consisting of N, O and S, and which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more radicals from the group consisting of halogen, cyano, nitro, (Ci-C4)-alkyl, (C1-C4)- haloalkyl, (Ci-C 4 )-alkoxy, (Ci-C 4 )-haloalkoxy, and (Ci-C 4 )-alkylthio.
• Agrochemically active compounds used in the context of the present invention are known per se,and described inter alia in "The Pesticide Manual", 16 th edition, The British Crop Protection Council and the Royal Soc. of Chemistry, 2012 and the hterature cited therein.
• fenchlorazole-ethyl SI
• mefenpyr- diethyl S2
• isoxadifen-ethyl S3
• cyprosulfamide S4
• cloquintocet-mexyl S5
• fenclorim S6
• dichlormid S7
• benoxacor S8
• furilazole S9
• oxabetrinil S10
• fluxofenim SI 1
• flurazole S12
• naphthahc anhydride S13
• composition (used) according to the invention wherein mefenpyr-diethyl (S2), isoxadifen-ethyl (S3), cyprosulfamide (S4) or cloquintocet-mexyl (S5) is the safener.
• composition (used) according to the invention wherein mefenpyr-diethyl (S2) or cloquintocet-mexyl (S5) is the safener.
• a further most preferred aspect according to t is a composition comprising (i) ethofumesate of formula (I), (ii) mefenpyr-diethyl as safener.
• the weight ratio of the composition (used) according to the invention can be described by the weight of the total amount of constituent (i) to the total amount of constituent (ii) and is in the range of from 6 : 1 to 1 : 4, typically said ratio is in the range of from 4 : 1 to 1 : 2.
• the ratio by weight of the total amount of constituent (i) to the total amount of constituent (ii) in compositions (used) according to the present invention is in the range of from 3 : 1 to 1 : 2, typically said preferred ratio is in the range of from 3 : 1 to 2 : 3.
• compositions (used) according to the present invention is in the range of from 5 : 2 to 2 : 3, typically said more preferred ratio is in the range of from 5 : 2 to 1 : 1.
• the ratio by weight of the total amount of constituent (i) to the total amount of constituent (ii) in compositions (used) according to the present invention may also be in the range of from 2 : 1 to 1 : 2, in such a case typically said ratio is in the range of from 2 : 1 to 1 : 1.
• compositions (used) according to the present invention is about 1 : 1 or exactly 1 : 1, or the most preferred ratio by weight of the total amount of constituent (i) to the total amount of constituent (ii) in compositions (used) according to the present invention is about 2 : 1 or exactly 2 : 1, orthe most preferred ratio by weight of the total amount of constituent (i) to the total amount of constituent (ii) in compositions (used) according to the present invention is about 3 : 2 or exactly 3 : 2, or the most preferred ratio by weight of the total amount of constituent (i) to the total amount of constituent (ii) in compositions (used) according to the present invention is about 5 : 2 or exactly 5 : 2.
• compositions (used) according to the present invention can be employed for controlling harmful plants in genetically modified wheat crops or wheat crops obtained by mutation/selection.
• crops are distinguished as a rule by particular, advantageous properties, such as resistances to herbicidal combinations/compositions or resistances to plant diseases or causative agents of plant diseases such as particular insects or microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria or viruses.
• Other particular properties relate, for example, to the harvested material with regard to quantity, quahty, storability, composition and specific constituents.
• transgenic plants are known whose starch content is increased or whose starch quahty is altered, or those where the harvested material has a different fatty acid composition.
• the present invention also relates to a method for controlling harmful plants or unwanted vegetation, which comprises applying a composition (used) according to the present invention by pre-emergence, early post -emergence or post -emergence treatment to harmfulplants orunwanted vegetation, parts of said harmful plants or unwanted vegetation, or the area where the harmfulplants orunwanted vegetation grow, for example the area under cultivation.
• the compositions of the present invention are usefulforseed treatment, in particularfor seed treatment of seeds of cereals such asaswheat, barley, rye, oats and millet, especially wheat and barley, particularly winter wheat and winter barley.
• controlling denotes a significant reduction of the growth of the harmful plant(s) in comparison to the untreated harmful plants.
• the growth of the harmful plant(s) is essentially diminished (60-79%), more preferably the growth of the harmful plant(s) is largely or fully suppressed (80-100%), and in particular the growth of the harmful plant(s) is almost fully or fully suppressed (90-100%).
• a composition (used) according to the present invention is apphed to the soil surface before or after germination of the plant but prior to emergence from the soil, the treatment is a pre-emergence treatment.
• compositions as defined herein in wheat crop plants preferably selected from the group consisting of Tritricum durum and Tritricum aestivum, especially winter wheat such as soft winter wheat (TRZAW).
• compositions as defined herein in barley ( Hordeum vulgare ) crop plants preferably in winter barley (HORVW).
• the apphcation rates (indicated as g/ha, i.e. grams of active ingredient per hectare), of constituent (i), constituent (ii), as defined in the context of the present invention, are as follows:
• compositions, uses and methods as described herein wherein the apphcation rate of constituent (i) ethofumesate is 300 to 100 g/ha and wherein the apphcation rate of constituent (ii) safener, preferably mefenpyr-diethyl, is 100 to 50 g/ha.
• the compositions (used) according to the present invention have an outstanding herb icidal activity against a broad spectrum of economically important harmful monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous harmful plants occurring in wheat crops and fields where wheat crop plants are growing or intended to grow.
• cereal crops are of particular interest, such as as wheat, barley, rye, oats and millet, particularly wheat and barley, especially winter wheat and winter barley.
• examples may be mentioned of some representatives of the monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous weed flora which can be controlled by the compositions (used) according to the present invention, without the enumeration being a restriction to certain species.
• Examples of monocotyledonous harmful plants on which the compositions (used) accordingto the present invention act efficiently are from amongst the genera Hordeum spp., Echinochloa spp., Poa spp.,Bromus spp., Digitaria spp., Eriochloa spp., Setaria spp., Pennisetum spp., Eleusine spp., Eragrostis spp., Panicum spp., Lohum spp., Alopecurus sp., Apera sp.
• Brachiaria spp. Leptochloa spp., Avena spp., Cyperus spp., Axonopris spp., Sorghum spp., Phalaris sp., and Melinus spp..
• compositions (used) according to the present invention act efficiently are selected from amongst the species Hordeum murinum, Echinochloa crus-galli, Poa annua, Bromus rubens /.., Bromus rigidus, Bromus secalinus /.., Digitaria insularis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Eriochloa gracilis, Setaria faberi, Setaria viridis, Pennisetum glaucum, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis pectinacea, Panicummiliaceum, Loliumsp., Brachiaria platyphylla, Leptochloa fusca, Avena fatua, Cyperus compressus, Cyperus esculentes, Axonopris offinis, Sorghum halapense, Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti, and Melinus repens
• monocotyledonous harmful plants species particularly relevant in cereal (in particular wheat) crops on which the compositions (used) according to the present invention act efficiently are Poa annua, Bromus rubens L, Bromus rigidus, Bromus secalinus L, Lolium sp., Avena fatua , Alopecurus myosuroides, Apera spica-venti , and Phalaris minor.
• Examples of dicotyledonous harmful plants on which the compositions (used) according to the present invention act efficiently are from amongst the genera Amaranthus spp., Polygonum spp., Medicago spp., Mollugo spp., Cyclospermum spp., Stellaria spp., Gnaphahum spp., Taraxacum spp., Oenothera spp., Amsinckia spp., Erodium spp., Erigeron spp., Senecio spp., Lamium spp., Kochia spp., Chenopodium spp., Lactuca spp., Malva spp., Ipomoea spp., Brassica spp., Sinapis spp., Urtica spp., Sida spp, Portulaca spp., Richardia spp., Ambrosia spp., Cal
• dicotyledonous harmful plants species on which the compositions (used) according to the present invention act efficiently are selected from amongst the species Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus palmer, Amaranthis rudis, Polygonum convolvulus, Medicago polymorpha, Mollugo verticillata, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Stellaria media, Gnaphahum purpureum, Taraxacum officinale, Oenothera laciniata, Amsinckia intermedia, Erodium cicutarium, Erodium moschatum, Erigeron bonariensis, Senecio vulgaris, Lamium sp., Erigeron canadensis, Polygonum aviculare, Kochia scoparia, Chenopodium album, Lactuca serriola, Malva parviflora, Malva neglecta, Ipomoea hederacea, Ipomoea lacunose, Brassica nigra, Sin
• Particular examples of dicotyledonous harmful plants species particularly relevant in cereal (in particular wheat) crops on which the compositions (used) according to the present invention act efficiently are Stellaria media, Senecio vulgaris, Lamium sp., Polygonum aviculare, Kochia scoparia, Chenopodium album, Brassica nigra, Sinapis arvensis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Sonchus oleraceus, Matricaria chamomilla, Veronica sp., Galium aparine L., Papaver rhoeas, Viola arvense, and Centaurea cyanus.
• compositions (used) according to the present invention are easily and readily obtained, by combining the constituents (i) and (ii), in the amounts and ratios by weight as defined in the context of the present invention, for example by mixing the appropriate amounts of constituent (i) and (ii).
• the present invention relates to a method for producing the compositions (used) according to the present invention comprising the steps of
• composition (c) combining constituent (i) and constituent (ii), such that a composition (used) according to the present invention is obtained.
• constituents (i) and (ii), present in the compositions (used) in accordance with the present invention may be apphed once, twice or three times per Gregorian calendar year, i.e. in one apphcation, in two apphcations or in three apphcations per year according to the Gregorian calendar.
• compositions (used) according to the invention may additionally comprise one or more further components selected from the group consisting of formulation auxiliaries and formulation additives customary in crop protection.
• constituents (i) and (ii), as defined herein can be used together with formulation auxiliaries and formulation additives customary in crop protection.
• Additives are, for example, fertilizers and colorants.
• compositions (used) in accordance with the present invention cannot only be used as mixed formulations which are then apphed in the customary manneras a dilution with water, but also as so-called tank mixes by jointly diluting the separately formulated, or partially separately formulated, components with water, thereby resulting in a ready -to-use apphcation spray mixture.
• Such a tank mix can forexample be obtained by combining a formulation of (i)ethofumesate,forexample comprising a total amount of (i) ethofumesate in the range of from 100 g/L to 600 g/L, such as a commercially available SC formulation containing 500 g/L of ethofumesate, and a formulation of (ii) safener(s), for example comprising a total amount of (ii) safener(s) in the range of from 50 g/L to 600 g/L, and diluting same with the appropriate amount of waterto obtain a ready -to-use apphcation spray mixture.
• a formulation of (i)ethofumesate forexample comprising a total amount of (i) ethofumesate in the range of from 100 g/L to 600 g/L
• a formulation of (ii) safener(s) for example comprising a total amount of (ii) safe
• compositions (used) in accordance with the present invention can be formulated in various ways, depending on the prevailing biological and/or chemical-physical parameters.
• the following are examples of general possibilities for formulations: wettable powders (WP), water-soluble concentrates, emulsifiable concentrates (EC), aqueous solutions (SL), emulsions (EW) such as oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions, sprayable solutions or emulsions, suspension concentrates (SC), oil dispersions (OD), oil- or water-based dispersions, suspoemulsions, dusts (DP), seed-dressing materials, granules for soil apphcation or for broadcasting, or water-dispersible granules (WG), ULV formulations, microcapsules (e.g. CS, ZC) or waxes.
• WP wettable powders
• EC emulsifiable concentrates
• SL aqueous solutions
• EW e
• Wettable powders are products which are uniformly dispersible in water and which, besides the active compound, also comprise ionic or nonionic surfactants (wetters, dispersants), for example polyoxethy la ted alkylphenols, poly ethoxy la ted fatty alcohols or fatty amines, alkane sulfonates or alkylbenzenesulfonates, sodium lignosulfonate, sodium 2,2 , -dinaphthylmethane-6,6’-disulfonate, sodium dibutylnaphthalenesulfonate orelse sodium oleoylmethyltauride, in addition to a diluent or inert material
• ionic or nonionic surfactants for example polyoxethy la ted alkylphenols, poly ethoxy la ted fatty alcohols or fatty amines, alkane sulfonates or alkylbenzenesulfon
• Emulsifiable concentrates are prepared by dissolving the active compound in an organic solvent, for example butanol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, xylene or else higher-boiling aromatics or hydrocarbons with addition of one or more ionic or nonionic surfactants (emulsifiers).
• organic solvent for example butanol, cyclohexanone, dimethylformamide, xylene or else higher-boiling aromatics or hydrocarbons with addition of one or more ionic or nonionic surfactants (emulsifiers).
• emulsifiers which may be used are: calcium salts of alkylarylsulfonic acids, such as calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, or nonionic emulsifiers such as fatty acid poly glycol esters, alkylaryl polyglycol ethers, fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers, propylene oxide/ethylene oxide condensates, alkyl polyethers, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters orpolyoxethylene sorbitol esters. Dusts are obtained by grinding the active compound with finely divided sohd materials, for example talc, natural clays such as kaolin, bentonite andpyrophylhte, or diatomaceous earth.
• sohd materials for example talc, natural clays such as kaolin, bentonite andpyrophylhte, or diatomaceous earth.
• SC Suspension concentrates
• SC can be water- or oil-based. They can be prepared, for example, by wet grinding by means of commercially available bead mills and, if appropriate, addition of further surfactants as they have already been mentioned for example above in the case of the other formulation types.
• Emulsions for example oil-in-water emulsions (EW)
• EW oil-in-water emulsions
• Granules can be prepared either by spraying the active compound onto adsorptive, granulated inert material or by applying active compound concentrates to the surface of carriers such as sand, kaolinites or granulated inert material with the aid of binders, for example polyvinyl alcohol, sodium polyacrylate or else mineral oils.
• Suitable active compounds may also be granulated in the manner conventionally used for the production of fertilizer granules, if desired in a mixture with fertilizers.
• water-dispersible granules are prepared by customary processes such as spray drying, fluidized-bed granulation, disk granulation, mixing with high-speed mixers and extrusion without sohd inert material.
• the agrochemical formulations comprise 1 to 95% by weight, of active compounds, the following concentrations being customary, depending on the type of formulation:
• the active compound concentration in wettable powders is, for example, approximately 10 to 95% by weight, the remainder to 100% by weight being composed of customary formulation constituents. In the case of emulsifiable concentrates, the active compound concentration may amount to, for example, 5 to 80% by weight.
• Formulations in the form of dusts comprise, in most cases, 5 to 20% by weight of active compound, sprayable solutions approximately 0.2 to 25% by weight of active compound.
• the active compound content depends partly on whether the active compound is present in hquid or sohd form and on which granulation auxiliaries and fillers are beingused. As a rule, the content amounts to between 10 and 90% by weight in the case of the water-dispersible granules.
• the abovementioned active compound formulations may comprise, if appropriate, the conventional adhesives, wetters, dispersants, emulsifiers, preservatives, antifreeze agents, solvents, fillers, colorants, carriers, antifoams, evaporation inhibitors, pH regulators or viscosity regulators.
• the herbicidal action of the herbicide(s) present in compositions (used) according to the present invention can be improved, for example, by surfactants, preferably by wetters from the group of the fatty alcohol poly glycol ethers.
• the fatty alcohol poly glycol ethers preferable contain 10 - 18 carbon atom sin the fatty alcohol radical and 2 - 20 ethylene oxide units in the poly glycol ether moiety.
• the fatty alcoholpoly glycol ethers can be nonionic or ionic, for example in the form of fatty alcohol poly glycol ethers sulfates, which can be used, for example, as alkali metal salts (e.g.
• Nonionic fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers are, for example, (Cio-Cis)-, preferably (Cio-Ci 4 )-fatty alkohol poly glycol ethers containing 2 - 20, preferably 3 - 15, ethylene oxide units (e.g. isotridecyl alcohol poly glycol ether), for example from the Genapol ® series, such as Genapol ® X-030, Genapol ® X-060, Genapol ® X-080 or Genapol ® X-150 (all from Clariant GmbH).
• Genapol ® series such as Genapol ® X-030, Genapol ® X-060, Genapol ® X-080 or Genapol ® X-150 (all from Clariant GmbH).
• the present invention furthermore embraces (the use of) combinations of constituents (i) and (ii) as defined above with the wetting agents mentioned above from the group of the fatty alcohol polyglycolethers which preferably contain 10 - 18 carbon atoms in the fatty alcohol radical and 2 - 20 ethylene oxide units in the poly glycol ether moiety and which can be present in nonionic orionic form (for example as fatty alcohol poly glycol ether sulfates).
• Cn/Cw-fatty alcohol diglycol ether sulfate sodium (Genapol ® LRO, Clariant); and isotridecyl alcohol polyglycol ether with 3 - 15 ethylene oxide units, for example from the Genapol ® X series, such as Genapol ® X-030, Genapol ® X-060, Genapol ® X-080 or Genapol ® X-150 (all from Clariant GmbH).
• fatty alcohol poly glycol ethers such as nonionic or ionic fatty alcohol poly glycol ethers (for example fatty alcohol poly glycol ether sulfates) are also suitable for use as penetrants and activity enhancers for a number of other herbicides, inter aha also for herbicides from the group of the imidazolinones (see, for example, EP- A-0502014).
• fatty alcohol polyglycol ethers such as nonionic or ionic fatty alcohol poly glycol ethers (for example fatty alcohol poly glycol ether sulfates) are also suitable as penetrants and synergists for a number of other herbicides, inter aha also herbicides from the group of the imidazolinones; (see, for example, EP-A-0502014).
• the herbicidal effect of the compositions (used) according to the present invention can also be increased using vegetable oils.
• vegetable oils is to be understood as meaning oils from oil-plant species, such as soya oil, rapeseed oil, com oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, coconut oil, palm oil, safflower oil or castor oil, in particular rapeseed oil, and their transesterification products, for example alkyl esters, such as rapeseed oil methyl ester or rapeseed oil ethyl ester.
• oil-plant species such as soya oil, rapeseed oil, com oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, linseed oil, coconut oil, palm oil, safflower oil or castor oil, in particular rapeseed oil, and their transesterification products, for example alkyl esters, such as rapeseed oil methyl ester or rapeseed oil ethyl ester.
• the vegetable oils are preferably esters of C 10 -C 22 -, preferably C 12 -C 20 -fatty acids.
• the C 10 -C 22 -fatty acid esters are, for example, esters of unsaturated or saturated C 10 -C 22 -fatty acids, in particular those with an even number of carbon atoms, for example erucic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and, in particular, C 18 - fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid or linolenic acid.
• Preferred Ci-C 2 o-alkyl-Cio-C 22 -fatty acid esters are the methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, 2-ethylhexyl and dodecyl esters.
• Preferred glycol- and glycerol-Cio-C 22 -fatty acid esters are the uniform or mixed glycol esters and glycerol esters of C 10 -C 22 -fatty acids, in particular those fatty acids which have an even number of carbon atoms, for example erucic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid and, in particular, Cis-fatty acids such as stearic acid, oleic acid, linolic acid or linolenic acid.
• the vegetable oils can be present in the herbicidal compositions (used) according to the present invention for example in the form of commercially available oil-containingformulation additives, in particularthose based on rapeseed oil such as Hasten ® (Victorian Chemical Company, Austraha, hereinbelow termed Hasten, main constituent: rapeseed oil ethyl ester), Actirob ® B (Novance, France, hereinbelow termed ActirobB, main constituent: rapeseed oil methyl ester), Rako-Binol ® (Bayer AG, Germany, termed Rako- Binol hereinbelow, main constituent: rapeseed oil), Renol ® (Stefes, Germany, termed Renol hereinbelow, vegetable oil constituent: rapeseed oil methyl ester), or Stefes Mero ® (Stefes, Germany, main constituent: rapeseed oil methyl ester).
• Hasten ® Vinyl Chemical Company
• formulations comprising constituents (i) and (ii) present in the compositions (used) in accordance with the present invention are optionally diluted in the customary manner, for example using water in the case of wettable powders, emulsifiable concentrates, dispersions and water-dispersible granules.
• Preparations in the form of dusts, soil granules, granules for broadcasting and sprayable solutions are usually not diluted further with other inert substances prior to use.
• compositions as defined in the context of the present invention are preferably apphed to the harmful plants or undesired plants or parts thereof, seeds of the plants or the area under cultivation (soil of a field), preferably to the green of the harmful plants or parts thereof, or to the green parts of the undesired plants or parts thereof.
• a composition (used) in accordance with the present invention comprising constituents (i) and (ii) has the advantage of being easier to apply since the quantities of the components are already presented in the correct ratio to each other. Moreover, the adjuvants in the formulation can be matched optimally to each other.
• the present invention further relates to (the use of) compositions comprising constituents (i) and (ii) according to the present invention (preferably in one of the preferred embodiments, more preferred embodiments or particularly preferred embodiments defined herein) in the field of agriculture, in particular for controlling harmful plants or undesired plant growth.
• composition according to the present invention for the protection of crop plants, preferably of cereal crop plants, in particular of wheat crop plants or barley crop plants.
• Said us is preferably characterized in that said composition is apphed post emergence to the cereal crop plants, in particular to wheat crop plants or barley crop plants.
• the present invention also relates to a method for controlling undesired vegetation characterized in that a composition as defined in the context of the present invention is apphed to the undesired vegetation or to the area on which the crop plants are growing or will be growing.
• composition as defined in in the context of the present invention is apphed post emergence to the crop plants, preferably post emergence to cereal crop plants.
• a composition as defined in the context of the present invention is apphed such that the amount of ethofumesate is in the range of from 700 g/ha to 50 g/ha, preferably in the range of from 600 g/ha to 50 g/ha, more preferably in the range of from 500 g/ha to 100 g/ha, most preferably in the range of from 300 g/ha to 100 g/ha.
• Said uses or methods are preferably characterized in that said composition is apphed to the cereal crop plants post emergence before BBCH growth stage 13, preferably atBBCH growth stages 09, 10, 11 and/or 12, of the cereal crop plants, more preferably at BBCH growth stages 10, 11 and/or 12 of the cereal crop plants, particularly atBBCH growth stage 10, 11 or 12 of the cereal crop plants.
• Said uses or methods are preferably characterized in that the (cereal) crop plants are wheat crop plants or barley crop plants.
• Said uses or methods are preferably characterized in that the cerealcrop plants are selected from the group consisting of Tritricum durum , Tritricum aestivum and Hordeum vulgare.
• the present invention relates to the use of mefenpyr-diethylorcloquintocet-mexylas safener for ethofumesate (preferably in cereal crop plants, in particular in wheat crop plants orbarley crop plants).
• Apphcation of the apphcation spray compositons was carried out early in each case post-emergence at BBCH growth stage 11 (first leaf unfolded) of the respective wheat or barley crops.
• TRZAW soft winter wheat
• ELIXER ELIXER
• PISTOLO PISTOLO
• RVW winter barley

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• 2022
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