WO2022236871A1 - 一种5g用超大芯数光缆 - Google Patents

一种5g用超大芯数光缆 Download PDF

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WO2022236871A1
WO2022236871A1 PCT/CN2021/095781 CN2021095781W WO2022236871A1 WO 2022236871 A1 WO2022236871 A1 WO 2022236871A1 CN 2021095781 W CN2021095781 W CN 2021095781W WO 2022236871 A1 WO2022236871 A1 WO 2022236871A1
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Prior art keywords
layer
signal transmission
optical cable
transmission unit
water
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PCT/CN2021/095781
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈龙
胡乐
万文波
吴金华
沈聪
孙文涛
沈新华
盛春敏
严惠良
马建林
韦冬
杨艳杰
蒋莹
王梦伟
梁程诚
许惠芳
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浙江东通光网物联科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2022236871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022236871A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of communication optical cable manufacturing, in particular to an optical cable with a super large number of cores for 5G.
  • optical fiber communication is widely used as the communication method with the fastest signal transmission speed and the best transmission quality.
  • the optical cable According to the different laying environment of the optical cable, it is divided into indoor optical cable and outdoor optical cable. Low, even breaks during operation, causing great hidden dangers to economy and safety. At present, all optical cables in the industry use Kevlar (aramid) or glass fiber yarn as reinforcement elements, which can improve the tensile performance of optical cables and avoid cable breakage in extreme environments. In addition, under the background of the development of 5G big data transmission, it is required that the optical cable contains enough optical fibers to improve its transmission capacity. It is known that with the increase of the number of optical fibers (that is, the number of cores) in the optical cable, the more materials used in the optical cable, the greater its own weight, the more Kevlar (aramid fiber) used, and the cost increases geometrically.
  • the current conventional non-ribbon optical cable has a maximum number of cores of 288 cores (including 288 optical cables).
  • Using a ribbon optical cable will lead to an excessively large overall size of the optical cable, which requires extremely high application space, which is not conducive to the implementation of subsequent laying operate. Therefore, it is urgent for technicians to solve the above problems.
  • the present invention relates to a 5G ultra-large-core optical cable, which includes a central strength member, a signal transmission body and a first sheath layer that are concentrically fitted in sequence along its radial direction.
  • the signal transmission body includes an inner layer signal transmission unit and an outer layer signal transmission unit.
  • the inner layer signal transmission unit is composed of M inner layer core wires twisted circumferentially around the central axis of the central reinforcement.
  • the outer layer signal transmission unit is sheathed on the outer periphery of the inner layer signal transmission unit, and it is composed of N outer layer core wires that are also twisted around the central axis of the central reinforcement member in a circumferential direction.
  • the design structure of the inner layer core wire and the outer layer core wire is exactly the same. Only for the inner core wire, it is composed of an optical fiber bundle, a fiber paste filling body and a loose tube that are concentrically sleeved from the inside to the outside.
  • the optical fiber bundle is composed of Q optical fibers. (M+N)*Q>288. Assuming that the outer diameter of the optical fiber is D1, then D1 ⁇ 0.25mm. Assuming that the outer diameter of the loose tube is D2, then D2 ⁇ 1.8mm. Assuming that the outer diameter of the first sheath layer is D3, then D3 ⁇ 10mm.
  • the optical fiber is preferably a G.654.E optical fiber.
  • the central reinforcement is subjected to overmolding treatment to form a PE plastic layer on its periphery.
  • the signal transmission body further includes a water-blocking yarn layer, an inner water-blocking belt layer and an outer water-blocking belt layer.
  • the water-blocking yarn layer is interposed between the central reinforcement and the inner layer signal transmission unit, and is composed of a plurality of water-blocking yarns twisted circumferentially around the outer wall of the central reinforcement.
  • the inner water resistance belt layer is sandwiched between the inner layer signal transmission unit and the outer layer signal transmission unit, and it is composed of a plurality of inner layer water resistance belts that are twisted circumferentially around the outer wall of the inner layer signal transmission unit.
  • the outer water-blocking belt layer is composed of a plurality of outer-layer water-blocking belts that are twisted circumferentially around the outer wall of the outer-layer signal transmission unit.
  • the 5G ultra-large core-count optical cable also includes an airgel layer.
  • the airgel layer is sandwiched between the outer water-blocking belt layer and the first sheath layer, and is directly formed on the outer water-blocking belt layer.
  • the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable also includes a second sheath layer.
  • the second sheath layer is sheathed on the periphery of the first sheath layer.
  • the first sheath layer is preferably extruded from polyethylene plastic; the second sheath layer is preferably extruded from transparent nylon plastic.
  • the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable also includes a graphene thermal film layer.
  • the graphene thermal film layer is sandwiched between the first sheath layer and the second sheath layer.
  • the signal transmission body is cylindrical as a whole, and is layered and sequentially twisted by multiple layers of signal transmission units surrounding the periphery of the central strength member. It is composed of the above-mentioned inner layer signal transmission unit and outer layer signal transmission unit.
  • the core wires constituting the signal transmission unit they are all composed of optical fiber bundles, fiber paste fillers and loose tubes that are concentrically sleeved.
  • the total number of optical fibers used to form the optical fiber bundle, the outer diameter of the optical fiber, the outer diameter of the loose tube, the total number of signal transmission units, and the outer diameter of the first sheath layer are controlled.
  • the cross-sectional size of the formed optical cable can be effectively reduced, and the weight per unit length can be reduced, thereby greatly reducing the subsequent impact of the optical cable due to overheating. Limit the probability of accidental fracture due to tensile force.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of an ultra-large core-count optical cable for 5G in the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the signal transmission body in the first embodiment of the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the inner layer core wire in the first embodiment of the ultra-large core count optical cable for 5G of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an ultra-large core-count optical cable for 5G in the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an ultra-large core-count optical cable for 5G in the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth embodiment of an ultra-large core-count optical cable for 5G in the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth embodiment of an ultra-large core-count optical cable for 5G in the present invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of the first implementation of the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable in the present invention.
  • the transmission body 2 and the first sheath layer 3 are composed of several parts, wherein the central reinforcement 1 , the signal transmission body 2 , and the first sheath layer 3 are sequentially and concentrically fitted together along the direction from inside to outside.
  • the signal transmission body 2 is at least divided into functional layers placed at a certain distance for signal transmission, which are respectively an inner layer signal transmission unit 21 and an outer layer signal transmission unit 22 .
  • the inner layer signal transmission unit 21 is composed of 12 inner layer core wires 211 that are twisted circumferentially around the central axis of the central reinforcement 1 .
  • the outer layer signal transmission unit 22 is sheathed on the periphery of the inner layer signal transmission unit 21 , and it is composed of 16 outer layer core wires 221 that are also twisted around the central axis of the central reinforcement 1 in a circumferential direction.
  • the design structures of the inner core wire 211 and the outer core wire 221 are exactly the same. Only for the inner layer core wire 211 , it is composed of an optical fiber bundle 2111 , a fiber paste filling body 2112 and a loose tube 2113 which are concentrically fitted in sequence from the inside to the outside.
  • the optical fiber bundle 2111 is composed of 36 G.654.E optical fibers 21111 (as shown in FIG. 3 ), so that the total number of cores of the super-large-core optical cable for 5G is controlled at 1080. Assuming that the outer diameter of the optical fiber 21111 is D1, then D1 ⁇ 0.25mm. Assuming that the outer diameter of the loose tube 2113 is D2, then D2 ⁇ 1.8mm.
  • the outer diameter value of the first sheath layer 3 (that is, the size of the optical cable) varies with the number of optical fibers added. Generally speaking, for the convenience of laying construction and the consideration of reducing its own weight, it is assumed that the first sheath layer The outer diameter of 3 is D3, and D3 is unlikely to be larger than 10mm.
  • a single optical cable contains 1008 optical fibers at the same time.
  • the number of cores has been geometrically increased, which is enough to meet all current 5G application scenarios;
  • the inner layer signal transmission The unit 21 and the outer signal transmission unit 22 are stranded in layers around the central strength member, and the formed optical cable is cylindrical in shape, which is more favorable than the traditional ribbon optical cable with the same transmission capacity.
  • the total number of optical fibers used to form signal transmission units, the outer diameter of G.654.E optical fibers, the outer diameter of loose tubes, and signal The total number of transmission units and the outer diameter of the first sheath layer 3 are controlled to ensure the miniaturization design of the optical cable, effectively reducing the cross-sectional size of the formed optical cable, reducing its own weight per unit length, and greatly reducing the follow-up factors of the optical cable. The probability of accidental fracture due to over-limit tension.
  • G.654.E optical fiber is mainly suitable for terrestrial transmission systems. It can increase the effective area of optical fiber and reduce the attenuation coefficient of optical fiber while maintaining the same basic performance as the existing single-mode optical fiber for terrestrial applications, thereby improving 400G transmission. performance.
  • the above-mentioned quantity can be selected according to the actual application scenario and customer needs; 4)
  • the interior of the optical cable is immersed in water, it will damage the optical fiber when it expands in a cold water freezing environment, and it will also damage the optical fiber. It will lead to an increase in the attenuation of the optical cable, which will affect the signal transmission.
  • the outer periphery of the G.654.E optical fiber 21111 is wrapped with a fiber paste filling body 2112 to protect it from moisture.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the second embodiment of the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable in the present invention.
  • the water yarn layer 23 , the inner water resistance belt layer 24 and the outer water resistance belt layer 25 are sandwiched between the central reinforcement 1 and the inner layer signal transmission unit 21, and it is twisted circumferentially by a plurality of outer walls surrounding the central reinforcement 1.
  • the inner resistance hose layer 24 is sandwiched between the inner layer signal transmission unit 21 and the outer layer signal transmission unit 22, and it consists of a plurality of inner layers twisted circumferentially around the outer wall of the inner layer signal transmission unit 21 Water blocking tape composition.
  • the outer water-blocking belt layer 25 is composed of a plurality of outer-layer water-blocking belts that are twisted circumferentially around the outer wall of the outer signal transmission unit 22 .
  • the high water-absorbent water-blocking yarn is absorbed to avoid subsequent invasion of the inner core wire 211 and the outer core wire 221; 2) Plastic-wrapping the central reinforcement 1 to form a PE plastic layer 11 around it. After the optical cable is formed, the existence of the PE plastic layer 11 can effectively prevent the water-blocking yarn layer 23 and the inner core wire 211 from slipping in the axial direction, which is beneficial to ensure the regularity of the inner signal transmission unit 21 .
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the third embodiment of the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable in the present invention.
  • the airgel layer 4 is sandwiched between the 3.
  • the airgel layer 4 is directly formed on the outer water-blocking belt layer 25 .
  • airgel exerts very good heat insulation performance, so that the inner layer signal transmission unit 21 and the outer layer signal transmission unit 22 are thermally isolated from the external environment, avoiding external high or low temperature environment Effect on signal transmission performance.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic structural view of the fourth embodiment of the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable in the present invention.
  • Second sheath layer 5 The existence of the second sheath layer 5 can effectively further improve the protection capability of the optical cable, and reduce the probability of damage due to external force.
  • the second sheath layer 5 is preferably extruded from transparent nylon plastic, so that it has the function of light transmission.
  • a series of light sources such as lighting-grade lasers
  • the light transmission characteristics of the second sheath layer are used to transmit light, so that the optical cable emits weak light at night, which can allow some birds, beasts, squirrels, etc. to go around and prevent biological bites; on the other hand
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the fifth embodiment of the 5G ultra-large-core optical cable in the present invention.
  • a graphene thermal film layer 6 is added between the layers 5 . It is known that the graphene thermal film 6 has a good thermal conductivity effect, and at the same time, the cost is relatively low (10-20 yuan/m2).
  • the heat is transferred to the surface of the optical cable by virtue of the high thermal conductivity of the graphene thermal film 6, so as to prevent the surface of the optical cable from being covered with ice, so as to achieve anti-coating Ice effect.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及了一种5G用超大芯数光缆，包括沿其径向依序同心套合的中心加强件、信号传输体以及第一护套层。信号传输体包括同心套合的内层信号传输单元、外层信号传输单元。内层信号传输单元和外层信号传输单元均由多条围绕于中心加强件中心轴线进行周向绞合的芯线构成。芯线由光纤束、纤膏填充体以及松套管同心套合构成。光纤束由多条光纤集合而成。在光缆的实际成型制造中，对用来形成光纤束的光纤总数、光纤外径、松套管的外径、信号传输单元总数以及第一护套层的外径进行控制。如此一来，在确保其具有大芯数数据传输能力的前提下，可有效地降低成型光缆的截面尺寸，减小单位长度内自身重量。

Description

一种5G用超大芯数光缆 技术领域
本发明涉及通信光缆制造技术领域，特别是涉及一种5G用超大芯数光缆。
背景技术
随着信息需求的持续增长，光纤通信作为信号传输速度最快、传输质量最好的通信方式而被广泛使用。在网络建设高速发展的今天，光缆的应用日益广泛。
根据光缆敷设环境不同，分为室内光缆和室外光缆等，光缆在不同的环境下需要应对不同的环境挑战，其中在高寒地区由于大风、覆冰、覆雪等各种极端自然环境，导致光缆寿命较低，甚至在运行过程中发生断裂，对经济、安全等造成极大隐患。目前行业内所有的光缆均采用凯夫拉(芳纶)或玻纤纱的增强原件的方式，此方式可以提高光缆的抗拉性能，避免在极端环境下光缆断裂。另外，在5G大数据传输的发展背景之下，要求光缆内含有足够多的光纤，以提升其传输能力。已知，随着光缆内光纤数量(即芯数)的增加，光缆所用材料越多自身重量越大，所使用的凯夫拉(芳纶)就越多，成本呈几何增长。再者，目前常规的非带状光缆最大芯数为288芯(含288根光缆)，应用带状光缆的话会导致光缆整体尺寸过大，对应用空间要求极高，进而不利于执行后续的敷设操作。因而，亟待技术人员解决上述问题。
发明内容
故，本发明设计人员鉴于上述现有的问题以及缺陷，乃搜集相关资料，经由多方的评估及考量，并经过从事于此行业的多年研发经验技术人员的不断实验以及修改，最终导致该5G用超大芯数光缆的出现。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明涉及了一种5G用超大芯数光缆，包括有沿其径向依序同心套合的中心加强件、信号传输体以及第一护套层。 信号传输体包括有内层信号传输单元、外层信号传输单元。内层信号传输单元由M条围绕于中心加强件中心轴线进行周向绞合的内层芯线构成。外层信号传输单元套设于内层信号传输单元的外围，且其由N条同样围绕于中心加强件中心轴线进行周向绞合的外层芯线构成。内层芯线和外层芯线的设计结构完全相同。仅针对于内层芯线来说，其由从内而外依序同心套合的光纤束、纤膏填充体以及松套管构成。光纤束由Q条光纤集合而成。(M+N)*Q＞288。假定光纤的外径值为D1，则D1≤0.25mm。假定松套管的外径为D2，则D2≤1.8mm。假定第一护套层的外径值为D3，则D3≤10mm。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步改进，M＝12；N＝16；Q＝36。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步改进，光纤优选为G.654.E光纤。
作为本发明技术方案的进一步改进，对中心加强件进行包塑处理，以在其外围形成一PE塑胶层。
作为本发明技术方案的更进一步改进，信号传输体还包括有阻水纱层、内阻水带层以及外阻水带层。阻水纱层夹设于中心加强件和内层信号传输单元之间，且其由多条围绕于中心加强件的外侧壁进行周向绞合的阻水纱构成。内阻水带层夹设于内层信号传输单元和外层信号传输单元之间，且其由多条围绕于内层信号传输单元的外侧壁进行周向绞合的内层阻水带构成。外阻水带层由多条围绕于外层信号传输单元的外侧壁进行周向绞合的外层阻水带构成。
作为本发明技术方案的更进一步改进，5G用超大芯数光缆还包括有气凝胶层。气凝胶层夹设于外阻水带层和第一护套层之间，且直接成型于外阻水带层上。
作为本发明技术方案的更进一步改进，5G用超大芯数光缆还包括有第二护套层。第二护套层套设于第一护套层的外围。
作为本发明技术方案的更进一步改进，第一护套层优选由聚乙烯塑料挤塑而成；第二护套层优选由透明状尼龙塑料挤塑而成。
作为本发明技术方案的更进一步改进，5G用超大芯数光缆还包括有 石墨烯热膜层。石墨烯热膜层夹设于第一护套层和第二护套层之间。
相较于传统设计结构的带状光缆，在本发明所公开的技术方案中，其信号传输体整体上呈圆柱状，且由多层围绕中心加强件外围的信号传输单元分层次地依序绞合而成，即包括上述的内层信号传输单元、外层信号传输单元。针对于构成信号传输单元的芯线来说，其均由光纤束、纤膏填充体以及松套管同心套合而成。在光缆的成型制造中，对用来形成光纤束的光纤总数、光纤外径、松套管的外径、信号传输单元总数以及第一护套层的外径进行控制。通过采用上述技术方案进行设置，在确保其具有大芯数数据传输能力的前提下，可有效地降低成型光缆的截面尺寸，减小单位长度内自身重量，进而大大地减少了光缆后续因受超限拉力作用而意外断裂现象发生的几率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第一种实施方式的结构示意图。
图2是本发明5G用超大芯数光缆第一种实施方式中信号传输体的结构示意图。
图3是本发明5G用超大芯数光缆第一种实施方式中内层芯线的结构示意图。
图4是本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第二种实施方式的结构示意图。
图5是本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第三种实施方式的结构示意图。
图6是本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第四种实施方式的结构示意图。
图7是本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第五种实施方式的结构示意图。
1-中心加强件；11-PE塑胶层；2-信号传输体；21-内层信号传输单 元；211-内层芯线；2111-光纤束；21111-G.654.E光纤；2112-纤膏填充体；2113-松套管；22-外层信号传输单元；221-外层芯线；23-阻水纱层；24-内阻水带层；25-外阻水带层；3-第一护套层；4-气凝胶层；5-第二护套层；6-石墨烯热膜层。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的内容做进一步的详细说明，图1示出了本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第一种实施方式的结构示意图，可知，其主要由中心加强件1、信号传输体2以及第一护套层3等几部分构成，其中，中心加强件1、信号传输体2、第一护套层3沿着由内而外方向依序同心地进行套合。如图2中所示，信号传输体2至少分为相隔一定距离而置的、用来进行信号传输的功能分层，分别为内层信号传输单元21、外层信号传输单元22。内层信号传输单元21由12条围绕于中心加强件1中心轴线进行周向绞合的内层芯线211构成。外层信号传输单元22套设于内层信号传输单元21的外围，且其由16条同样围绕于中心加强件1中心轴线进行周向绞合的外层芯线221构成。内层芯线211和外层芯线221的设计结构完全相同。仅针对于内层芯线211来说，其由从内而外依序同心套合的光纤束2111、纤膏填充体2112以及松套管2113构成。光纤束2111由36条G.654.E光纤21111集合而成(如图3中所示)，从而使得该5G用超大芯数光缆的总芯数控制在1080。假定光纤21111的外径值为D1，则D1≤0.25mm。假定松套管2113的外径为D2，则D2≤1.8mm。第一护套层3的外径值(即光缆尺寸)随着所增入光纤数量的不同而变化，一般来说，出于敷设施工的便利性以及降低自重方面考虑，假定第一护套层3的外径值为D3，则D3不易大于10mm。如此一来，一方面，单根光缆内同时含有1008根光纤，相较于市面上288电缆其芯数得到几何级的增加，足以满足现在所有的5G应用场景；另一方面，内层信号传输单元21、外层信号传输单元22围绕于中心加强件分层次地进行绞合，成型后的光缆整体上呈圆柱状，相较于传统的带状光 缆在具有相同传输能力的前提下更有利于实现紧凑化、微型化设计；再一方面，在光缆的成型制造中，对用来形成信号传输单元的光纤21111总数、G.654.E光纤21111外径、松套管2113的外径、信号传输单元总数以及第一护套层3的外径进行控制，确保实现光缆的微型化设计，有效地降低了成型光缆的截面尺寸，减小单位长度内自身重量，进而大大地减少了光缆后续因受超限拉力作用而意外断裂现象发生的几率。
已知，G.654.E光纤主要适用于陆地传输系统，其可以在保持与现有陆地应用单模光纤基本性能一致前提下，增大光纤有效面积，同时降低光纤衰减系数，从而提升400G传输性能。
不过，在此需要说明以下几点：1)除了可以选用上述的G.654.E光纤21111来实现对信号的传输，亦可以根据生产成本预算、车间实际工艺能力选用其他小直径光纤；2)用来组成内层信号传输单元21的内层芯线211数量、用来组成外层信号传输单元22的外层芯线221数量以及包裹于松套管2113内G.654.E光纤21111的数量可以根据实际应用场景以及客户需求的不同具体设定；3)上述的实施例中公开了1080芯数光缆成型结构，即设定内层芯线211的个数为12，外层芯线221的个数为16，无论是内层芯线211还是外层芯线221所包含的光纤数量为36。在实际生产制造中，可根据实际应用场景以及客户需求对上述数量进行选定；4)在实际应用中，假如光缆的内部浸入水分，在严寒水结冰环境中膨胀会抱伤光纤，且还会导致光缆衰减增加，进而影响到信号传输。鉴于此，上述实施例中，在G.654.E光纤21111的外围包裹有纤膏填充体2112，以使得其免于受到水分的侵袭。
图4示出了本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第二种实施方式的结构示意图，其相较于上述第一种实施方式的区别点在于：1)在信号传输体2内还增设有阻水纱层23、内阻水带层24以及外阻水带层25。由图4中可以明确看出，阻水纱层23被夹设于中心加强件1和内层信号传输单元21之间，且其由多条围绕于中心加强件1的外侧壁进行周向绞合的阻水纱构成。内阻水带层24被夹设于内层信号传输单元21和外层信号传输 单元22之间，且其由多条围绕于内层信号传输单元21的外侧壁进行周向绞合的内层阻水带构成。外阻水带层25由多条围绕于外层信号传输单元22的外侧壁进行周向绞合的外层阻水带构成。如此一来，当光缆受到水液侵袭时，设于外部的内阻水带层24、外阻水带层25可以形成两个相互独立的隔水层，即便是少部分水分入侵成功亦会被高吸水性阻水纱受吸收，避免后续对内层芯线211、外层芯线221的侵袭；2)对中心加强件1进行包塑处理，以在其外围形成一PE塑胶层11。当光缆成型完毕后，PE塑胶层11的存在可以有效地防止阻水纱层23、内层芯线211发生轴向滑移现象，利于确保内层信号传输单元21成型的规整性。
在此需要说明的是，在光缆的成型制造过程，出于对光缆整体外径的控制，需对内阻水带层24、外阻水带层25的成型厚度进行限定，一般不宜超过0.5mm。
图5示出了本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第三种实施方式的结构示意图，其相较于上述第二种实施方式的区别点在于：在外阻水带层25和第一护套层3之间夹设有气凝胶层4。气凝胶层4直接成型于外阻水带层25上。在光缆的实际应用中，气凝胶发挥出非常优秀的隔热性能，以使其内部的内层信号传输单元21和外层信号传输单元22与外部环境进行热隔离，避免外部高温或低温环境对信号传输性能的影响。
图6示出了本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第四种实施方式的结构示意图，其相较于上述第三种实施方式的区别点在于：在第一护套层3的外围包裹有第二护套层5。第二护套层5的存在可以有效地进一步提升光缆的防护能力，降低其因受到外力作用而受损现象发生的几率。
另外，作为上述5G用超大芯数光缆结构的进一步优化，第二护套层5优选由透明状尼龙塑料挤塑而成，使其具有光线传导的作用。当光缆被敷设完毕后，沿其长度方向增加一系列光源(例如：照明级激光)。如此一来，一方面，利用第二护套层的透光特性来传输光亮，使得光缆在夜晚发出羸弱光亮，可以让一些鸟兽、松鼠等绕离，起到防生物啮咬的作用；另一方面，便于户外操作人员夜间来识别光缆，利于执行敷设或 后期维护工作的执行。
图7示出了本发明中5G用超大芯数光缆第五种实施方式的结构示意图，其相较于上述第四种实施方式的区别点在于：在第一护套层3和第二护套层5之间增设有石墨烯热膜层6。已知，石墨烯热膜6具有导热性能良好的效果，同时成本较低(10元～20元/㎡)。在光缆的实际应用中，通过在其两端增设能量级激光，借由石墨烯热膜6的高导热性能将热量传递至光缆的表面，以防止光缆的表面形成有覆冰，以达到抗覆冰的效果。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种5G用超大芯数光缆，包括有沿其径向依序同心套合的中心加强件、信号传输体以及第一护套层，其特征在于，所述信号传输体包括有内层信号传输单元、外层信号传输单元；所述内层信号传输单元由M条围绕于所述中心加强件中心轴线进行周向绞合的内层芯线构成；所述外层信号传输单元套设于所述内层信号传输单元的外围，且其由N条同样围绕于所述中心加强件中心轴线进行周向绞合的外层芯线构成；所述内层芯线和所述外层芯线的设计结构完全相同；仅针对于所述内层芯线来说，其由从内而外依序同心套合的光纤束、纤膏填充体以及松套管构成；所述光纤束由Q条光纤集合而成；(M+N)*Q＞288；假定所述光纤的外径值为D1，则D1≤0.25mm；假定所述松套管的外径为D2，则D2≤1.8mm；假定所述第一护套层的外径值为D3，则D3≤10mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，M＝12；N＝16；Q＝36。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，所述光纤为G.654.E光纤。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，对所述中心加强件进行包塑处理，以在其外围形成一PE塑胶层。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，所述信号传输体还包括有阻水纱层、内阻水带层以及外阻水带层；所述阻水纱层夹设于所述中心加强件和所述内层信号传输单元之间，且其由多条围绕于所述中心加强件的外侧壁进行周向绞合的阻水纱构成；所述内阻水带层夹设于所述内层信号传输单元和所述外层信号传输单元之间，且其由多条围绕于所述内层信号传输单元的外侧壁进行周向绞合的内层阻水带构成；所述外阻水带层由多条围绕于所述外层信号传输单元的外侧壁进行周向绞合的外层阻水带构成。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，还包括有气凝胶层；所述气凝胶层夹设于所述外阻水带层和所述第一护套层之间，且直接成型于所述外阻水带层上。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，还包括有第二护套层；所述第二护套层套设于所述第一护套层的外围。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，所述第一护套层由聚乙烯塑料挤塑而成；所述第二护套层由透明状尼龙塑料挤塑而成。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的5G用超大芯数光缆，其特征在于，还包括有石墨烯热膜层；所述石墨烯热膜层夹设于所述第一护套层和所述第二护套层之间。
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