WO2022233846A1 - Device for transitioning between an antenna and a power supply unit - Google Patents

Device for transitioning between an antenna and a power supply unit Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022233846A1
WO2022233846A1 PCT/EP2022/061811 EP2022061811W WO2022233846A1 WO 2022233846 A1 WO2022233846 A1 WO 2022233846A1 EP 2022061811 W EP2022061811 W EP 2022061811W WO 2022233846 A1 WO2022233846 A1 WO 2022233846A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
strands
component
antenna
pair
strand
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/061811
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Julien HAUMANT
Anne-Charlotte AMIAUD
Daouda Lamine DIEDHIOU
Alexandre Manchec
Rozenn ALLANIC
Cédric QUENDO
Christian Person
Original Assignee
Thales
Elliptika
Imt Atlantique
Universite de Bretagne Occidentale (U.B.O)
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Thales, Elliptika, Imt Atlantique, Universite de Bretagne Occidentale (U.B.O) filed Critical Thales
Priority to EP22726751.5A priority Critical patent/EP4334962A1/en
Publication of WO2022233846A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022233846A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1808—Construction of the conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B11/00—Communication cables or conductors
    • H01B11/18—Coaxial cables; Analogous cables having more than one inner conductor within a common outer conductor
    • H01B11/1895—Particular features or applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction

Definitions

  • TITLE Transition device between an antenna and a power unit
  • the present invention relates to a transition device between an antenna and a feed unit.
  • the present invention also relates to an associated assembly.
  • Dual-polarized ultra-wideband antennas are used in many applications, especially in the field of surveillance. Antennas with very wide bandwidth are of particular interest for jamming or eavesdropping systems.
  • Such antennas are powered by an electrical circuit through a transition.
  • a first type of transition is based on excitation by a diver with a rear cavity of dimension -, l being the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted. Such a transition is simple to implement and relatively compact (depending on the frequency of the signal).
  • this first type of transition depends on the frequency of the signal due to the rear cavity of dimension ⁇ 4, and is therefore limited in bandwidth.
  • a second type of transition is based on the recombination of channels two by two phase shifted by -, l being the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted.
  • the subject of the invention is a transition device between an antenna and a power supply unit, the device comprising: a. a first component capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization, b. a second component capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization, the second polarization being different from the first polarization, each of the first component and of the second component having an end, called the antenna end, intended to be connected to the antenna and an end , said supply end, intended to be connected to the supply unit, each antenna end being formed of a pair of conductive strands comprising a first strand forming a conductive core and a second strand forming a ground, each feed end being formed of a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand and an outer conductor formed from the second strand.
  • the device comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:
  • each of the first component and of the second component comprises a primary portion extending between the antennal end of the component and an intermediate section of the component, the two pairs of strands being separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion and the strands of each couple having a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion;
  • the spacing between the strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion; - the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antennal end towards the intermediate section;
  • the pairs of strands are spaced apart, the space between the pairs of strands being filled with a dielectric medium, the dielectric medium preferably being a solid medium;
  • each of the first component and of the second component comprises a secondary portion between the intermediate section of the component and the supply end of the component, the second strand of each pair being deformed, from the intermediate section, over the extent of the portion secondary, so as to gradually surround the first strand of the same pair of strands to form a coaxial cable at the supply end;
  • the device was made by additive manufacturing.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly comprising an antenna and a transition device between the antenna and a power supply unit, the transition device being as described above.
  • the assembly comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:
  • the antenna is an ultra-wideband antenna with dual polarization.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of a transition device between an antenna and a power supply unit
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of an example of a transition device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic representation illustrating different sections of the transition device, the portion A corresponding to the antennal ends 24, the portion B corresponding to the progressive separation of two pairs of strands and to the variation of the diameter of the strands making it possible to compensate for the impedance variations resulting from this progressive separation, and the portion C illustrating the progressive deformation of one of the two strands of each pair so as to form two coaxial cables in the portion D corresponding to the supply ends,
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of sections of two pairs of conductive strands, each pair of strands comprising a first strand and a second strand, each pair of strands carrying a signal having a distinct polarization from the other pair of strands (polarization rectilinear horizontal for a pair and rectilinear vertical for the other pair), FIG. 4 illustrating the displacement of a pair of strands with respect to the other pair of strands,
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic representation showing the progressive displacement of one of the pairs of strands of Figure 4 relative to the other pair of strands, Figure 5 illustrating in particular the evolution of the impedance of the one of the pairs of strands (the one associated with the horizontal rectilinear polarization) during the progressive displacement of this pair of strands relative to the other pair of strands,
  • Figure 6 is a schematic representation similar to Figure 5 illustrating the evolution of the impedance of the other pair of strands (the one associated with the vertical rectilinear polarization) during the same movement, and
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation illustrating the variation in diameter of the strands of each pair of strands making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 when the pairs of strands are separated from each other.
  • a transition device 10 between an antenna 12 and a feed unit 14 is shown in Figure 1.
  • Antenna 12 is suitable for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic signal.
  • antenna 12 is a dual-polarized ultra-wideband antenna (abbreviated in ULB).
  • An ultra-wideband antenna is one for which the bandwidth to center frequency ratio is at least 20 percent.
  • the power supply unit 14 is suitable for producing or receiving signals having a vertical rectilinear polarization V and a horizontal rectilinear polarization H.
  • the power supply unit 14 comprises, for example, at least one coaxial cable.
  • the transition device 10 is suitable for routing an electromagnetic signal between the antenna 12 and the power supply unit 14.
  • the transition device 10 is, in particular, suitable for transmitting two polarizations of the same signal so as to increase information available for this signal.
  • all of the components of the transition device 10 are made in one piece, that is to say form a single block.
  • the transition device 10 has been produced by additive manufacturing, also called 3D printing.
  • both the antenna 12 and the transition device 10 have been produced during the same additive manufacturing.
  • the transition device 10 comprises a first component 20 and a second component 22.
  • the first component 20 is capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization.
  • the first polarization is preferably a rectilinear polarization along one direction. In the example illustrated by figure 2, the first polarization is a horizontal rectilinear polarization.
  • the second component 22 is capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization.
  • the second polarization is preferably a rectilinear polarization in a direction different from that of the first component 20.
  • the second polarization is a vertical rectilinear polarization.
  • Each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 is continuous, i.e. the signal is transmitted in each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 in an uninterrupted manner.
  • each of the first component 20 and of the second component 22 extends linearly in one direction.
  • each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 has a curved shape, such as a spiral shape.
  • Each of the first component 20 and of the second component 22 has one end, called the antenna end 24, intended to be connected to the antenna 12 and one end, called the power supply end 26, intended to be connected to the power supply unit 14.
  • the antenna end 24 and feed end 26 are of preferably only the two ends of each component 20, 22. These two ends 24, 26 being located opposite one another.
  • the transition device 10 is connected to the power supply unit 14 via connectors for coaxial cables that directly connect to the power ends 26.
  • the transition device 10 is connected to the antenna 12, for example, via the insertion of the antenna ends 24 into the antenna 12.
  • the antenna ends 24 thus protrude into the antenna 12 which makes it possible to route the electromagnetic signal directly into the antenna 12.
  • Each antenna end 24 is formed by a pair of electrically conductive strands comprising a first strand 30 and a second strand 32.
  • a conductive strand is a filament made of a conductive material.
  • the transition device 10 therefore comprises at least four conductive strands: the first strand 30 and the second strand 32 of the first component 20, and the first strand 30 and the second strand 32 of the second component 22.
  • Each first strand 30 forms a conductive core.
  • Each second strand 32 forms an electrical ground.
  • Each feed end 26 is formed from a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand 30 and an outer conductor formed from the second strand 32.
  • Each supply end 26 is, for example, intended to be connected to the supply unit 14 via a connector for coaxial cables.
  • each of the first and second component 22 comprises a primary portion 40 and a secondary portion 42.
  • the primary portion 40 extends between the antenna end 24 of the component and an intermediate section 44 of the component.
  • the intermediate section 44 is thus located between the power supply end 26 and the antenna end 24.
  • the secondary portion 42 extends between the intermediate section 44 of the component and the power supply end 26 of the component.
  • the primary portion 40 corresponds to a portion of the transition device 10 for which the two pairs of strands are separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion 40 and the strands of each pair have a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion 40.
  • the spacing between the pairs of strands is, for example, variable.
  • variable spacing it is understood that the distance between the pairs of strands (for example the distance between the first strands or the second strands) varies (increases and/or decreases) over the extent of the primary portion 40 compared to the initial distance, i.e. say the distance to the antenna ends 24.
  • the variation is, for example, constant. In a particular case, the spacing between the pairs of strands increases progressively by the same value.
  • the spacing between the strands remains constant and the spacing considered is only the spacing between the pairs of strands.
  • variable diameter it is understood that the diameter of the strands of each pair varies (increases or decreases) over the extent of the primary portion 40 with respect to the initial diameter, that is to say the diameter at the antenna ends 24.
  • the diameter of the strands varies in the same way.
  • the spacing between the pairs of strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion 40 are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion 40.
  • substantially constant it is understood that the impedance does not vary by a value of more than 5% over the extent of the primary portion 40.
  • variable diameter of each strand over the extent of the primary portion 40 has been chosen so as to compensate for the variations in impedance of each pair for the spacing considered between the pairs of strands.
  • the strands are separated and the diameter of the strands also varies according to the spacing of the strands.
  • the spacing between the strands from the antenna end 24 to the intermediate section 44 is for example between 13 millimeters (mm) and 20 mm.
  • the variation in the diameter of the strands from the antennal end 24 towards the intermediate section 44 is, for example, between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.
  • the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antennal end 24 over the extent of the primary portion 40.
  • the pairs of strands are gradually separated from each other. from the antenna ends 24, which then facilitates the formation of a coaxial cable in the secondary portion 42.
  • the secondary portion 42 extends between the intermediate section 44 of each component 20, 22 and the supply end 26 of the component 20, 22.
  • the second strand 32 of each pair is deformed over the extent of the secondary portion 42 so as to gradually surround the first strand 30 of the same pair of strands from the intermediate section 44 towards feed end 26 to form a coaxial cable to feed end 26.
  • the spacing between the two pairs of strands does not vary and is constant over the extent of the secondary portion 42. This makes it possible not to generate additional variations in impedance.
  • the spacing between the two pairs of strands varies over the extent of the secondary portion 42, and so does the diameters of the strands.
  • Figure 3 illustrates different sections of the transition device 10, i.e. the first component 20 and the second component 22.
  • portion A corresponds to the antenna ends 24 of each component 20, 22.
  • Portion B corresponds to primary portion 40.
  • the sections illustrated for portion B correspond to the progressive separation of the two pairs of strands and to a variation in the diameter of the strands making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance resulting from this progressive separation.
  • Portion C corresponds to secondary portion 42.
  • Portion C illustrates the progressive deformation of one of the two strands of each pair until said strand surrounds the other strand to form a coaxial cable (in between it is formed slotted coaxial line balun).
  • Portion D corresponds to the feed ends 26, i.e. the section of the transition device 10 corresponds to two coaxial cables ready to be connected to coaxial connectors.
  • the space between the pairs of strands is filled with a dielectric medium.
  • the dielectric medium is preferably a solid medium, such as plastic. This allows better insulation of each pair of strands and, thus, a reduction in the space between the strands.
  • the dielectric medium is air.
  • the manufacturing process includes a step of supplying two pairs of strands, ie four strands in total.
  • One of the pairs of strands is suitable for transporting a signal having a first polarization
  • the other pair of strands is suitable for transporting a signal having a second polarization different from the first polarization.
  • the manufacturing method comprises a step of determining a variable diameter for the strands of each pair as a function of a spacing of the pairs of strands with respect to an initial position of the pairs of strands with respect to each other.
  • each pair of strands carries a signal having a different polarization from the other pair of strands.
  • the spacing between the strands remains constant within the same pair of strands.
  • the impedance of each pair of strands is measured or calculated.
  • the measurement is, for example, carried out by an impedance measuring device.
  • a curve representative of the impedance of each pair of strands is obtained as the separation progresses.
  • the diameter of the strands of each pair is then determined so as to compensate for the impedance variations determined for each pair of strands.
  • the impedance remains substantially constant with respect to the impedance of each pair at the initial position (antenna end 24).
  • Figure 4 illustrates the spacing of a pair of strands carrying a signal having a horizontal rectilinear polarization with respect to a pair of strands carrying a signal having a vertical rectilinear polarization.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the evolution of the impedance of the pair of strands carrying the signal presenting the horizontal rectilinear polarization during the separation of the pairs of strands.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the evolution of the impedance of the pair of strands carrying the signal presenting the vertical rectilinear polarization during the separation of the pairs of strands. As visible in these figures, the impedance of each pair of strands varies due to the spacing of the pairs of strands.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the variations in diameters of the strands of each pair making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • each strand of the first pair of strands has a diameter R1 H and each strand of the second pair of strands has a diameter R1 V.
  • each strand of the first pair of strands has, on the sections shown, diameters R2H and R3H, and each strand of the second couple of strands presents, on the sections represented, diameters R2V and R3V.
  • the manufacturing method comprises a step of manufacturing the transition device 10 so that the pairs of strands have the spacing determined over the entire extent (length) of said pairs of strands and that each pair of strands has the variable diameter determined over the extent of said strands.
  • the manufacture is preferably carried out by additive manufacturing.
  • a device is obtained made of the same material (plastic for example).
  • the zones of the device corresponding to the strands and to the coaxial cables are then metallized so as to obtain the transition device 10.
  • connectors for coaxial cables are inserted on the supply ends 26 of the transition device 10.
  • the transition device 10 makes it possible to dispense with a resonant cavity. Indeed, only two routing components having at one of their ends two strands and at the other end a coaxial cable make it possible to make the transition. As a result, the transition is less limited in bandwidth. It also remains compact and losses are limited.
  • Such a transition device 10 is particularly suitable for being produced by additive manufacturing. Such a manufacturing process is simple and has a reduced cost. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments and variants previously described can be combined to form new embodiments provided that they are technically compatible.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a device (10) for transitioning between an antenna and a power supply unit. The device (10) comprises a first component (20) for routing a signal having a first polarization and a second component (22) for routing a signal having a second polarization. Each of the first component (20) and of the second component (22) has an end, called antenna end (24), intended to be connected to the antenna and an end, called power supply end (26), intended to be connected to the power supply unit, each antenna end (24) being formed of a pair of conductive strands comprising a first strand (30) forming a conductive core and a second strand (32) forming a ground, each power supply end (26) being formed of a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed of the first strand (30) and an external conductor formed from the second strand (32).

Description

TITRE : Dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d’alimentation TITLE: Transition device between an antenna and a power unit
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d’alimentation. La présente invention concerne aussi un ensemble associé. The present invention relates to a transition device between an antenna and a feed unit. The present invention also relates to an associated assembly.
Les antennes ultra large bande à double polarisation sont utilisées dans de nombreuses applications, notamment dans le domaine de la surveillance. Les antennes à bande passante très large présentent notamment un intérêt pour les systèmes de brouillage ou d’écoute. Dual-polarized ultra-wideband antennas are used in many applications, especially in the field of surveillance. Antennas with very wide bandwidth are of particular interest for jamming or eavesdropping systems.
De telles antennes sont alimentées par un circuit électrique par l’intermédiaire d’une transition. Such antennas are powered by an electrical circuit through a transition.
Un premier type de transition repose sur une excitation par plongeur avec une cavité arrière de dimension -, l étant la longueur d’onde du signal à transmettre. Une telle transition est simple à mettre en œuvre et relativement compacte (en fonction de la fréquence du signal). A first type of transition is based on excitation by a diver with a rear cavity of dimension -, l being the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted. Such a transition is simple to implement and relatively compact (depending on the frequency of the signal).
Toutefois, ce premier type de transition dépend de la fréquence du signal du fait de la cavité arrière de dimension - 4, et est donc limitée en bande passante. However, this first type of transition depends on the frequency of the signal due to the rear cavity of dimension −4, and is therefore limited in bandwidth.
Un second type de transition repose sur la recombinaison de voies deux à deux déphasées de -, l étant la longueur d’onde du signal à transmettre. A second type of transition is based on the recombination of channels two by two phase shifted by -, l being the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted.
Néanmoins, une telle transition est aussi dépendante de la fréquence du signal, et donc limitée en bande passante. However, such a transition is also dependent on the frequency of the signal, and therefore limited in bandwidth.
Il existe donc un besoin pour une transition moins limitée en bande passante tout en restant compacte et avec des pertes limitées. There is therefore a need for a transition that is less bandwidth-limited while remaining compact and with limited losses.
A cet effet, l’invention a pour objet un dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d’alimentation, le dispositif comprenant : a. un premier composant propre à acheminer un signal présentant une première polarisation, b. un deuxième composant propre à acheminer un signal présentant une deuxième polarisation, la deuxième polarisation étant différente de la première polarisation, chacun du premier composant et du deuxième composant ayant une extrémité, dite extrémité antennaire, destinée à être connectée à l’antenne et une extrémité, dite extrémité d’alimentation, destinée à être connectée à l’unité d’alimentation, chaque extrémité antennaire étant formée d’un couple de brins conducteurs comprenant un premier brin formant une âme conductrice et un deuxième brin formant une masse, chaque extrémité d’alimentation étant formée d’un câble coaxial présentant une âme conductrice formée du premier brin et un conducteur externe formé à partir du deuxième brin. To this end, the subject of the invention is a transition device between an antenna and a power supply unit, the device comprising: a. a first component capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization, b. a second component capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization, the second polarization being different from the first polarization, each of the first component and of the second component having an end, called the antenna end, intended to be connected to the antenna and an end , said supply end, intended to be connected to the supply unit, each antenna end being formed of a pair of conductive strands comprising a first strand forming a conductive core and a second strand forming a ground, each feed end being formed of a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand and an outer conductor formed from the second strand.
Suivant des modes de réalisation particuliers, le dispositif comprend une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles : According to particular embodiments, the device comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:
- chacun du premier composant et du deuxième composant comprend une portion primaire s’étendant entre l’extrémité antennaire du composant et une section intermédiaire du composant, les deux couples de brins étant écartés l’un de l’autre sur l’étendue de la portion primaire et les brins de chaque couple présentant un diamètre variable sur l’étendue de la portion primaire ; - each of the first component and of the second component comprises a primary portion extending between the antennal end of the component and an intermediate section of the component, the two pairs of strands being separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion and the strands of each couple having a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion;
- l’écartement entre les brins et le diamètre des brins de chaque couple sur l’étendue de la portion primaire sont choisis de sorte que l’impédance de chaque couple de brins soit sensiblement constante sur l’étendue de la portion primaire ; - l’écartement entre les couples de brins est croissant depuis l’extrémité antennaire vers la section intermédiaire ; - the spacing between the strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion; - the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antennal end towards the intermediate section;
- les couples de brins sont espacés, l’espace entre les couples de brins étant rempli par un milieu diélectrique, le milieu diélectrique étant de préférence un milieu solide ; - the pairs of strands are spaced apart, the space between the pairs of strands being filled with a dielectric medium, the dielectric medium preferably being a solid medium;
- chacun du premier composant et du deuxième composant comprend une portion secondaire entre la section intermédiaire du composant et l’extrémité d’alimentation du composant, le deuxième brin de chaque couple étant déformé, depuis la section intermédiaire, sur l’étendue de la portion secondaire, de sorte à entourer progressivement le premier brin du même couple de brins pour former un câble coaxial à l’extrémité d’alimentation ; - le dispositif a été réalisé par fabrication additive. - each of the first component and of the second component comprises a secondary portion between the intermediate section of the component and the supply end of the component, the second strand of each pair being deformed, from the intermediate section, over the extent of the portion secondary, so as to gradually surround the first strand of the same pair of strands to form a coaxial cable at the supply end; - the device was made by additive manufacturing.
L’invention porte aussi sur un ensemble comprenant une antenne et un dispositif de transition entre l’antenne et une unité d’alimentation, le dispositif de transition étant tel que décrit précédemment. The invention also relates to an assembly comprising an antenna and a transition device between the antenna and a power supply unit, the transition device being as described above.
Suivant des modes de réalisation particuliers, l’ensemble comprend une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles : According to particular embodiments, the assembly comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken individually or in all technically possible combinations:
- l’antenne et le dispositif de transition ont été réalisés au cours d’une même fabrication additive ; - the antenna and the transition device were produced during the same additive manufacturing process;
- l’antenne est une antenne ultra large bande à double polarisation. D’autres caractéristiques et avantages de l’invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes de réalisation de l’invention, donnée à titre d’exemple uniquement et en référence aux dessins qui sont : - the antenna is an ultra-wideband antenna with dual polarization. Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of embodiments of the invention, given by way of example only and with reference to the drawings which are:
- la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d’un dispositif de transition entre une antenne et une unité d’alimentation, - Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a transition device between an antenna and a power supply unit,
- la figure 2 est une représentation schématique d’un exemple de dispositif de transition, - Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an example of a transition device,
- la figure 3 est une représentation schématique illustrant différentes sections du dispositif de transition, la portion A correspondant à des extrémités antennaires 24, la portion B correspondant à l’écartement progressif de deux couples de brins et à la variation du diamètre des brins permettant de compenser les variations d’impédance résultant de cet écartement progressif, et la portion C illustrant la déformation progressive de l’un des deux brins de chaque couple de sorte à former deux câbles coaxiaux dans la portion D correspondant aux extrémités d’alimentation, - Figure 3 is a schematic representation illustrating different sections of the transition device, the portion A corresponding to the antennal ends 24, the portion B corresponding to the progressive separation of two pairs of strands and to the variation of the diameter of the strands making it possible to compensate for the impedance variations resulting from this progressive separation, and the portion C illustrating the progressive deformation of one of the two strands of each pair so as to form two coaxial cables in the portion D corresponding to the supply ends,
- la figure 4 est une représentation schématique de sections de deux couples de brins conducteurs, chaque couple de brins comprenant un premier brin et un deuxième brin, chaque couple de brins transportant un signal présentant une polarisation distincte de l’autre couple de brins (polarisation rectiligne horizontale pour un couple et rectiligne verticale pour l’autre couple), la figure 4 illustrant le déplacement d’un couple de brins par rapport à l’autre couple de brins, - Figure 4 is a schematic representation of sections of two pairs of conductive strands, each pair of strands comprising a first strand and a second strand, each pair of strands carrying a signal having a distinct polarization from the other pair of strands (polarization rectilinear horizontal for a pair and rectilinear vertical for the other pair), FIG. 4 illustrating the displacement of a pair of strands with respect to the other pair of strands,
- la figure 5 est une représentation schématique montrant le déplacement progressif de l’un des couples de brins de la figure 4 par rapport à l’autre couple de brins, la figure 5 illustrant en particulier l’évolution de l’impédance de l’un des couples de brins (celui associé à la polarisation rectiligne horizontale) lors du déplacement progressif de ce couple de brins par rapport à l’autre couple de brins, - Figure 5 is a schematic representation showing the progressive displacement of one of the pairs of strands of Figure 4 relative to the other pair of strands, Figure 5 illustrating in particular the evolution of the impedance of the one of the pairs of strands (the one associated with the horizontal rectilinear polarization) during the progressive displacement of this pair of strands relative to the other pair of strands,
- la figure 6 est une représentation schématique analogue à la figure 5 illustrant l’évolution de l’impédance de l’autre couple de brins (celui associé à la polarisation rectiligne verticale) lors du même déplacement, et - Figure 6 is a schematic representation similar to Figure 5 illustrating the evolution of the impedance of the other pair of strands (the one associated with the vertical rectilinear polarization) during the same movement, and
- la figure 7 est une représentation schématique illustrant la variation de diamètre des brins de chaque couple de brins permettant de compenser les variations d’impédance illustrées en figures 5 et 6 lors de l’écartement des couples de brins les uns par rapport aux autres. - Figure 7 is a schematic representation illustrating the variation in diameter of the strands of each pair of strands making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance illustrated in Figures 5 and 6 when the pairs of strands are separated from each other.
Un dispositif de transition 10 entre une antenne 12 et une unité d’alimentation 14 est illustré par la figure 1. A transition device 10 between an antenna 12 and a feed unit 14 is shown in Figure 1.
L’antenne 12 est propre à transmettre et/ou à recevoir un signal électromagnétique. Par exemple, l’antenne 12 est une antenne ultra large bande à double polarisation (abrégé en ULB). Une antenne ultra large bande est une antenne pour laquelle le rapport largeur de bande sur fréquence centrale est d’au moins 20 pourcents. Antenna 12 is suitable for transmitting and/or receiving an electromagnetic signal. For example, antenna 12 is a dual-polarized ultra-wideband antenna (abbreviated in ULB). An ultra-wideband antenna is one for which the bandwidth to center frequency ratio is at least 20 percent.
L’unité d’alimentation 14 est propre à produire ou à recevoir des signaux présentant une polarisation rectiligne verticale V et une polarisation rectiligne horizontale H. The power supply unit 14 is suitable for producing or receiving signals having a vertical rectilinear polarization V and a horizontal rectilinear polarization H.
L’unité d’alimentation 14 comprend, par exemple, au moins un câble coaxial. The power supply unit 14 comprises, for example, at least one coaxial cable.
Le dispositif de transition 10 est propre à acheminer un signal électromagnétique entre l’antenne 12 et l’unité d’alimentation 14. Le dispositif de transition 10 est, en particulier, propre à transmettre deux polarisations d’un même signal de sorte à augmenter l’information disponible pour ce signal. The transition device 10 is suitable for routing an electromagnetic signal between the antenna 12 and the power supply unit 14. The transition device 10 is, in particular, suitable for transmitting two polarizations of the same signal so as to increase information available for this signal.
De préférence, l’ensemble des composants du dispositif de transition 10 sont venus de matière, c’est-à-dire forment un bloc unique. Preferably, all of the components of the transition device 10 are made in one piece, that is to say form a single block.
De préférence, le dispositif de transition 10 a été réalisé par fabrication additive, aussi appelée impression 3D. Preferably, the transition device 10 has been produced by additive manufacturing, also called 3D printing.
De préférence, à la fois l’antenne 12 et le dispositif de transition 10 ont été réalisés au cours d’une même fabrication additive. Preferably, both the antenna 12 and the transition device 10 have been produced during the same additive manufacturing.
Comme illustré par la figure 2, le dispositif de transition 10 comprend un premier composant 20 et un deuxième composant 22. As illustrated by FIG. 2, the transition device 10 comprises a first component 20 and a second component 22.
Le premier composant 20 est propre à acheminer un signal présentant une première polarisation. La première polarisation est de préférence une polarisation rectiligne selon une direction. Dans l’exemple illustré par la figure 2, la première polarisation est une polarisation rectiligne horizontale. The first component 20 is capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization. The first polarization is preferably a rectilinear polarization along one direction. In the example illustrated by figure 2, the first polarization is a horizontal rectilinear polarization.
Le deuxième composant 22 est propre à acheminer un signal présentant une deuxième polarisation. La deuxième polarisation est de préférence une polarisation rectiligne selon une direction différente de celle du premier composant 20. Dans l’exemple illustré par la figure 2, la deuxième polarisation est une polarisation rectiligne verticale. The second component 22 is capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization. The second polarization is preferably a rectilinear polarization in a direction different from that of the first component 20. In the example illustrated by FIG. 2, the second polarization is a vertical rectilinear polarization.
Chacun du premier composant 20 et du deuxième composant 22 est continu, c’est- à-dire que le signal est transmis dans chacun du premier composant 20 et du deuxième composant 22 de manière ininterrompue. Each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 is continuous, i.e. the signal is transmitted in each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 in an uninterrupted manner.
De préférence, comme illustré par la figure 2, chacun du premier composant 20 et du deuxième composant 22 s’étend linéairement selon une direction. En variante, chacun du premier composant 20 et du deuxième composant 22 présente une forme courbe, telle qu’une forme de spirale. Preferably, as illustrated by FIG. 2, each of the first component 20 and of the second component 22 extends linearly in one direction. Alternatively, each of the first component 20 and the second component 22 has a curved shape, such as a spiral shape.
Chacun du premier composant 20 et du deuxième composant 22 présente une extrémité, dite extrémité antennaire 24, destinée à être connectée à l’antenne 12 et une extrémité, dite extrémité d’alimentation 26, destinée à être connectée à l’unité d’alimentation 14. L’extrémité antennaire 24 et l’extrémité d’alimentation 26 sont de préférence les deux seules extrémités de chaque composant 20, 22. Ces deux extrémités 24, 26 étant situées à l’opposé l’une de l’autre. Each of the first component 20 and of the second component 22 has one end, called the antenna end 24, intended to be connected to the antenna 12 and one end, called the power supply end 26, intended to be connected to the power supply unit 14. The antenna end 24 and feed end 26 are of preferably only the two ends of each component 20, 22. These two ends 24, 26 being located opposite one another.
Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre, le dispositif de transition 10 est connecté à l’unité d’alimentation 14 via des connecteurs pour câbles coaxiaux venant directement se connecter aux extrémités d’alimentation 26. Le dispositif de transition 10 est connecté à l’antenne 12, par exemple, via l’insertion des extrémités antennaires 24 dans l’antenne 12. Les extrémités antennaires 24 font, ainsi, saillie dans l’antenne 12 ce qui permet d’acheminer directement le signal électromagnétique dans l’antenne 12. In an exemplary implementation, the transition device 10 is connected to the power supply unit 14 via connectors for coaxial cables that directly connect to the power ends 26. The transition device 10 is connected to the antenna 12, for example, via the insertion of the antenna ends 24 into the antenna 12. The antenna ends 24 thus protrude into the antenna 12 which makes it possible to route the electromagnetic signal directly into the antenna 12.
Chaque extrémité antennaire 24 est formée d’un couple de brins conducteurs électriquement comprenant un premier brin 30 et un deuxième brin 32. Un brin conducteur est un filament réalisé dans un matériau conducteur. Le dispositif de transition 10 comprend donc au moins quatre brins conducteurs : le premier brin 30 et le deuxième brin 32 du premier composant 20, et le premier brin 30 et le deuxième brin 32 du deuxième composant 22. Each antenna end 24 is formed by a pair of electrically conductive strands comprising a first strand 30 and a second strand 32. A conductive strand is a filament made of a conductive material. The transition device 10 therefore comprises at least four conductive strands: the first strand 30 and the second strand 32 of the first component 20, and the first strand 30 and the second strand 32 of the second component 22.
Chaque premier brin 30 forme une âme conductrice. Each first strand 30 forms a conductive core.
Chaque deuxième brin 32 forme une masse électrique. Each second strand 32 forms an electrical ground.
Chaque extrémité d’alimentation 26 est formée d’un câble coaxial présentant une âme conductrice formée du premier brin 30 et un conducteur externe formé à partir du deuxième brin 32. Each feed end 26 is formed from a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand 30 and an outer conductor formed from the second strand 32.
Chaque extrémité d’alimentation 26 est, par exemple, destinée à être connectée à l’unité d’alimentation 14 via un connecteur pour câbles coaxiaux. Each supply end 26 is, for example, intended to be connected to the supply unit 14 via a connector for coaxial cables.
Dans les exemples illustrés par les figures 2 et 3, chacun du premier et du deuxième composant 22 comprend une portion primaire 40 et une portion secondaire 42. In the examples illustrated by Figures 2 and 3, each of the first and second component 22 comprises a primary portion 40 and a secondary portion 42.
La portion primaire 40 s’étend entre l’extrémité antennaire 24 du composant et une section intermédiaire 44 du composant. La section intermédiaire 44 est, ainsi, située entre l’extrémité d’alimentation 26 et l’extrémité antennaire 24. La portion secondaire 42 s’étend entre la section intermédiaire 44 du composant et l’extrémité d’alimentation 26 du composant. The primary portion 40 extends between the antenna end 24 of the component and an intermediate section 44 of the component. The intermediate section 44 is thus located between the power supply end 26 and the antenna end 24. The secondary portion 42 extends between the intermediate section 44 of the component and the power supply end 26 of the component.
La portion primaire 40 correspond à une portion du dispositif de transition 10 pour laquelle les deux couples de brins sont écartés l’un de l’autre sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40 et les brins de chaque couple présentent un diamètre variable sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40. The primary portion 40 corresponds to a portion of the transition device 10 for which the two pairs of strands are separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion 40 and the strands of each pair have a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion 40.
L’écartement entre les couples de brins est, par exemple, variable. Par le terme « écartement variable », il est entendu que la distance entre les couples de brins (par exemple la distance entre les premiers brins ou les deuxièmes brins) varie (augmente et/ou diminue) sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40 par rapport à la distance initiale, c’est-à- dire la distance aux extrémités antennaires 24. La variation est, par exemple, constante. Dans un cas particulier, l’écartement entre les couples de brins augmente progressivement d’une même valeur. The spacing between the pairs of strands is, for example, variable. By the term “variable spacing”, it is understood that the distance between the pairs of strands (for example the distance between the first strands or the second strands) varies (increases and/or decreases) over the extent of the primary portion 40 compared to the initial distance, i.e. say the distance to the antenna ends 24. The variation is, for example, constant. In a particular case, the spacing between the pairs of strands increases progressively by the same value.
De préférence, au sein d’un même couple de brins, l’écartement entre les brins reste constant et l’écartement considéré est seulement l’écartement entre les couples de brins. Preferably, within the same pair of strands, the spacing between the strands remains constant and the spacing considered is only the spacing between the pairs of strands.
Par le terme « diamètre variable », il est entendu que le diamètre des brins de chaque couple varie (augmente ou diminue) sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40 par rapport au diamètre initial, c’est-à-dire le diamètre aux extrémités antennaires 24. De préférence, au sein d’un même couple de brins, le diamètre des brins varie de la même manière. By the term “variable diameter”, it is understood that the diameter of the strands of each pair varies (increases or decreases) over the extent of the primary portion 40 with respect to the initial diameter, that is to say the diameter at the antenna ends 24. Preferably, within the same pair of strands, the diameter of the strands varies in the same way.
En particulier, dans un exemple de mise en œuvre, l’écartement entre les couples de brins et le diamètre des brins de chaque couple sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40 sont choisis de sorte que l’impédance de chaque couple de brins est sensiblement constante sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40. Par le terme « sensiblement constante », il est entendu que l’impédance ne varie pas d’une valeur de plus de 5% sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40. En particulier, le diamètre variable de chaque brin sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40 a été choisi de sorte à compenser les variations d’impédance de chaque couple pour l’écartement considéré entre les couples de brins. In particular, in an exemplary implementation, the spacing between the pairs of strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion 40 are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion 40. By the term “substantially constant”, it is understood that the impedance does not vary by a value of more than 5% over the extent of the primary portion 40. In particular, the variable diameter of each strand over the extent of the primary portion 40 has been chosen so as to compensate for the variations in impedance of each pair for the spacing considered between the pairs of strands.
Ainsi, sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40, les brins sont écartés et le diamètre des brins varie également en fonction de l’écartement des brins. L’écartement entre les brins depuis l’extrémité antennaire 24 vers la section intermédiaire 44 est par exemple compris entre 13 millimètres (mm) et 20 mm. La variation du diamètre des brins depuis l’extrémité antennaire 24 vers la section intermédiaire 44 est, par exemple, comprise entre 0,6 mm et 1 ,2 mm. Thus, over the extent of the primary portion 40, the strands are separated and the diameter of the strands also varies according to the spacing of the strands. The spacing between the strands from the antenna end 24 to the intermediate section 44 is for example between 13 millimeters (mm) and 20 mm. The variation in the diameter of the strands from the antennal end 24 towards the intermediate section 44 is, for example, between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.
Dans un exemple de mise en œuvre, l’écartement entre les couples de brins est croissant depuis l’extrémité antennaire 24 sur l’étendue de la portion primaire 40. Ainsi, les couples de brins sont progressivement écartés l’un de l’autre depuis les extrémités antennaires 24, ce qui facilite ensuite la formation d’un câble coaxial dans la portion secondaire 42. In an exemplary implementation, the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antennal end 24 over the extent of the primary portion 40. Thus, the pairs of strands are gradually separated from each other. from the antenna ends 24, which then facilitates the formation of a coaxial cable in the secondary portion 42.
La portion secondaire 42 s’étend entre la section intermédiaire 44 de chaque composant 20, 22 et l’extrémité d’alimentation 26 du composant 20, 22. The secondary portion 42 extends between the intermediate section 44 of each component 20, 22 and the supply end 26 of the component 20, 22.
Dans l’exemple illustré par les figures 2 et 3, le deuxième brin 32 de chaque couple est déformé sur l’étendue de la portion secondaire 42 de sorte à entourer progressivement le premier brin 30 du même couple de brins depuis la section intermédiaire 44 vers l’extrémité d’alimentation 26 pour former un câble coaxial à l’extrémité d’alimentation 26. Avantageusement, l’écartement entre les deux couples de brins ne varie pas et est constant sur l’étendue de la portion secondaire 42. Cela permet de ne pas engendrer de variations additionnelles d’impédance. En variante, l’écartement entre les deux couples de brins varie sur l’étendue de la portion secondaire 42, et les diamètres des brins aussi. In the example illustrated by FIGS. 2 and 3, the second strand 32 of each pair is deformed over the extent of the secondary portion 42 so as to gradually surround the first strand 30 of the same pair of strands from the intermediate section 44 towards feed end 26 to form a coaxial cable to feed end 26. Advantageously, the spacing between the two pairs of strands does not vary and is constant over the extent of the secondary portion 42. This makes it possible not to generate additional variations in impedance. As a variant, the spacing between the two pairs of strands varies over the extent of the secondary portion 42, and so does the diameters of the strands.
En particulier, la figure 3 illustre différentes sections du dispositif de transition 10, c’est-à-dire du premier composant 20 et du deuxième composant 22. In particular, Figure 3 illustrates different sections of the transition device 10, i.e. the first component 20 and the second component 22.
En particulier, la portion A correspond aux extrémités antennaires 24 de chaque composant 20, 22. In particular, portion A corresponds to the antenna ends 24 of each component 20, 22.
La portion B correspond à la portion primaire 40. Les sections illustrées pour la portion B correspondent à l’écartement progressif des deux couples de brins et à une variation du diamètre des brins permettant de compenser les variations d’impédance résultant de cet écartement progressif. Portion B corresponds to primary portion 40. The sections illustrated for portion B correspond to the progressive separation of the two pairs of strands and to a variation in the diameter of the strands making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance resulting from this progressive separation.
La portion C correspond à la portion secondaire 42. La portion C illustre la déformation progressive de l’un des deux brins de chaque couple jusqu’à ce que ledit brin entoure l’autre brin pour former un câble coaxial (en intermédiaire il est formé un balun à ligne coaxial à fente). Portion C corresponds to secondary portion 42. Portion C illustrates the progressive deformation of one of the two strands of each pair until said strand surrounds the other strand to form a coaxial cable (in between it is formed slotted coaxial line balun).
La portion D correspond aux extrémités d’alimentation 26, c’est-à-dire que la section du dispositif de transition 10 correspond à deux câbles coaxiaux prêts à être connectés à des connecteurs coaxiaux. Portion D corresponds to the feed ends 26, i.e. the section of the transition device 10 corresponds to two coaxial cables ready to be connected to coaxial connectors.
Avantageusement, l’espace entre les couples de brins est rempli par un milieu diélectrique. Le milieu diélectrique est de préférence un milieu solide, tel que du plastique. Cela permet une meilleure isolation de chaque couple de brins et, ainsi, une réduction de l’espace entre les brins. Advantageously, the space between the pairs of strands is filled with a dielectric medium. The dielectric medium is preferably a solid medium, such as plastic. This allows better insulation of each pair of strands and, thus, a reduction in the space between the strands.
En variante, le milieu diélectrique est de l’air. Alternatively, the dielectric medium is air.
Un exemple de procédé de fabrication du dispositif de transition 10 va maintenant être décrit en référence aux figures 4 à 7. An example of a process for manufacturing the transition device 10 will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7.
Le procédé de fabrication comprend une étape de fourniture de deux couples de brins, soit au total quatre brins. L’un des couples de brins est propre à transporter un signal présentant une première polarisation, et l’autre couple de brins est propre à transporter un signal présentant une deuxième polarisation différente de la première polarisation. The manufacturing process includes a step of supplying two pairs of strands, ie four strands in total. One of the pairs of strands is suitable for transporting a signal having a first polarization, and the other pair of strands is suitable for transporting a signal having a second polarization different from the first polarization.
Le procédé de fabrication comprend une étape de détermination d’un diamètre variable pour les brins de chaque couple en fonction d’un écartement des couples de brins par rapport à une position initiale des couples de brins les uns par rapport aux autres. Lors de cette étape de détermination, chaque couple de brins transporte un signal présentant une polarisation différente de l’autre couple de brins. Lors de cette étape de détermination, de préférence, l’écartement entre les brins reste constant au sein d’un même couple de brins. The manufacturing method comprises a step of determining a variable diameter for the strands of each pair as a function of a spacing of the pairs of strands with respect to an initial position of the pairs of strands with respect to each other. During this determination step, each pair of strands carries a signal having a different polarization from the other pair of strands. During this determination step, preferably, the spacing between the strands remains constant within the same pair of strands.
Au cours de l’écartement des deux couples de brins, il est mesuré ou calculé l’impédance de chaque couple de brins. La mesure est, par exemple, réalisé par un appareil de mesure d’impédance. Il est, par exemple, obtenu une courbe représentative de l’impédance de chaque couple de brins au fur et à mesure de l’écartement. During the separation of the two pairs of strands, the impedance of each pair of strands is measured or calculated. The measurement is, for example, carried out by an impedance measuring device. For example, a curve representative of the impedance of each pair of strands is obtained as the separation progresses.
Le diamètre des brins de chaque couple est alors déterminé de sorte à compenser les variations d’impédance déterminées pour chaque couple de brins. Ainsi, l’impédance reste sensiblement constante par rapport à l’impédance de chaque couple à la position initiale (extrémité antennaire 24). The diameter of the strands of each pair is then determined so as to compensate for the impedance variations determined for each pair of strands. Thus, the impedance remains substantially constant with respect to the impedance of each pair at the initial position (antenna end 24).
La figure 4 illustre l’écartement d’un couple de brins transportant un signal présentant une polarisation rectiligne horizontale par rapport à un couple de brins transportant un signal présentant une polarisation rectiligne verticale. Figure 4 illustrates the spacing of a pair of strands carrying a signal having a horizontal rectilinear polarization with respect to a pair of strands carrying a signal having a vertical rectilinear polarization.
La figure 5 illustre l’évolution de l’impédance du couple de brins transportant le signal présentant la polarisation rectiligne horizontale au cours de l’écartement des couples de brins. La figure 6 illustre l’évolution de l’impédance du couple de brins transportant le signal présentant la polarisation rectiligne verticale au cours de l’écartement des couples de brins. Comme visible sur ces figures, l’impédance de chaque couple de brins varie du fait de l’écartement des couples de brins. Figure 5 illustrates the evolution of the impedance of the pair of strands carrying the signal presenting the horizontal rectilinear polarization during the separation of the pairs of strands. Figure 6 illustrates the evolution of the impedance of the pair of strands carrying the signal presenting the vertical rectilinear polarization during the separation of the pairs of strands. As visible in these figures, the impedance of each pair of strands varies due to the spacing of the pairs of strands.
La figure 7 illustre les variations de diamètres des brins de chaque couple permettant de compenser les variations d’impédance illustrées sur les figures 5 et 6. Notamment, à l’extrémité antennaire 24, chaque brin du premier couple de brins présente un diamètre R1 H et chaque brin du deuxième couple de brins présente un diamètre R1 V. Au cours de l’éloignement des couples de brins, chaque brin du premier couple de brins présente, sur les sections représentées, des diamètres R2H et R3H, et chaque brin du deuxième couple de brins présente, sur les sections représentées, des diamètres R2V et R3V. FIG. 7 illustrates the variations in diameters of the strands of each pair making it possible to compensate for the variations in impedance illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6. In particular, at the antenna end 24, each strand of the first pair of strands has a diameter R1 H and each strand of the second pair of strands has a diameter R1 V. During the separation of the pairs of strands, each strand of the first pair of strands has, on the sections shown, diameters R2H and R3H, and each strand of the second couple of strands presents, on the sections represented, diameters R2V and R3V.
Une fois le diamètre des brins déterminé pour un écartement prédéfini, le procédé de fabrication comprend une étape de fabrication du dispositif de transition 10 de sorte que les couples de brins présentent l’écartement déterminé sur toute l’étendue (longueur) desdits couples de brins et que chaque couple de brins présente le diamètre variable déterminé sur l’étendue desdits brins. Once the diameter of the strands has been determined for a predefined spacing, the manufacturing method comprises a step of manufacturing the transition device 10 so that the pairs of strands have the spacing determined over the entire extent (length) of said pairs of strands and that each pair of strands has the variable diameter determined over the extent of said strands.
La fabrication est, de préférence, réalisée par fabrication additive. A l’issue de la fabrication additive, il est obtenu un dispositif réalisé dans un même matériau (plastique par exemple). Les zones du dispositif correspondant aux brins et aux câbles coaxiaux sont alors métallisées de sorte à obtenir le dispositif de transition 10. Optionnellement, des connecteurs pour câbles coaxiaux sont insérés sur les extrémités d’alimentation 26 du dispositif de transition 10. The manufacture is preferably carried out by additive manufacturing. At the end of additive manufacturing, a device is obtained made of the same material (plastic for example). The zones of the device corresponding to the strands and to the coaxial cables are then metallized so as to obtain the transition device 10. Optionally, connectors for coaxial cables are inserted on the supply ends 26 of the transition device 10.
Ainsi, le dispositif de transition 10 permet de s’affranchir d’une cavité résonnante. En effet, seuls deux composants d’acheminement présentant à l’une de leurs extrémités deux brins et à l’autre extrémité un câble coaxial permettent d’effectuer la transition. De ce fait, la transition est moins limitée en bande passante. Elle reste également compacte et les pertes sont limitées. Thus, the transition device 10 makes it possible to dispense with a resonant cavity. Indeed, only two routing components having at one of their ends two strands and at the other end a coaxial cable make it possible to make the transition. As a result, the transition is less limited in bandwidth. It also remains compact and losses are limited.
Un tel dispositif de transition 10 est particulièrement adapté pour être réalisé par fabrication additive. Un tel procédé de fabrication est simple et présente un coût réduit. L’homme du métier comprendra que les modes de réalisation et variantes précédemment décrits peuvent être combinés pour former de nouveaux modes de réalisation pourvu qu’ils soient compatibles techniquement. Such a transition device 10 is particularly suitable for being produced by additive manufacturing. Such a manufacturing process is simple and has a reduced cost. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments and variants previously described can be combined to form new embodiments provided that they are technically compatible.
En particulier, les exemples ont été décrits dans le cas de polarisations rectilignes verticale et horizontale. Néanmoins, l’homme du métier comprendra que ces exemples se généralisent à des polarisations elliptiques ou circulaires, puisque de telles polarisations résultent de la combinaison de polarisations verticale et horizontale déphasées l’une par rapport à l’autre. In particular, the examples have been described in the case of vertical and horizontal rectilinear polarizations. Nevertheless, those skilled in the art will understand that these examples generalize to elliptical or circular polarizations, since such polarizations result from the combination of vertical and horizontal polarizations out of phase with respect to each other.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif de transition (10) entre une antenne (12) et une unité d’alimentation (14), le dispositif (10) comprenant : a. un premier composant (20) propre à acheminer un signal présentant une première polarisation, b. un deuxième composant (22) propre à acheminer un signal présentant une deuxième polarisation, la deuxième polarisation étant différente de la première polarisation, chacun du premier composant (20) et du deuxième composant (22) ayant une extrémité, dite extrémité antennaire (24), destinée à être connectée à l’antenne (12) et une extrémité, dite extrémité d’alimentation (26), destinée à être connectée à l’unité d’alimentation (14), chaque extrémité antennaire (24) étant formée d’un couple de brins conducteurs comprenant un premier brin (30) formant une âme conductrice et un deuxième brin (32) formant une masse, chaque extrémité d’alimentation (26) étant formée d’un câble coaxial présentant une âme conductrice formée du premier brin (30) et un conducteur externe formé à partir du deuxième brin (32). 1. A transition device (10) between an antenna (12) and a feed unit (14), the device (10) comprising: a. a first component (20) capable of conveying a signal having a first polarization, b. a second component (22) capable of conveying a signal having a second polarization, the second polarization being different from the first polarization, each of the first component (20) and of the second component (22) having an end, called the antenna end (24) , intended to be connected to the antenna (12) and one end, called supply end (26), intended to be connected to the supply unit (14), each antenna end (24) being formed of a pair of conductive strands comprising a first strand (30) forming a conductive core and a second strand (32) forming a ground, each feed end (26) being formed from a coaxial cable having a conductive core formed from the first strand (30) and an outer conductor formed from the second strand (32).
2. Dispositif (10) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel chacun du premier composant (20) et du deuxième composant (22) comprend une portion primaire (40) s’étendant entre l’extrémité antennaire (24) du composant et une section intermédiaire (44) du composant (20, 22), les deux couples de brins étant écartés l’un de l’autre sur l’étendue de la portion primaire (40) et les brins de chaque couple présentant un diamètre variable sur l’étendue de la portion primaire (40). 2. Device (10) according to claim 1, wherein each of the first component (20) and the second component (22) comprises a primary portion (40) extending between the antennal end (24) of the component and a section intermediate (44) of the component (20, 22), the two pairs of strands being separated from each other over the extent of the primary portion (40) and the strands of each pair having a variable diameter over the extent of the primary portion (40).
3. Dispositif (10) selon la revendication 2, dans lequel l’écartement entre les brins et le diamètre des brins de chaque couple sur l’étendue de la portion primaire (40) sont choisis de sorte que l’impédance de chaque couple de brins soit sensiblement constante sur l’étendue de la portion primaire (40). 3. Device (10) according to claim 2, in which the spacing between the strands and the diameter of the strands of each pair over the extent of the primary portion (40) are chosen so that the impedance of each pair of strands is substantially constant over the extent of the primary portion (40).
4. Dispositif (10) selon la revendication 2 ou 3, dans lequel l’écartement entre les couples de brins est croissant depuis l’extrémité antennaire (24) vers la section intermédiaire (44). 4. Device (10) according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the spacing between the pairs of strands increases from the antenna end (24) towards the intermediate section (44).
5. Dispositif (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel les couples de brins sont espacés, l’espace entre les couples de brins étant rempli par un milieu diélectrique, le milieu diélectrique étant de préférence un milieu solide. 5. Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, in which the pairs of strands are spaced apart, the space between the pairs of strands being filled with a dielectric medium, the dielectric medium preferably being a solid medium .
6. Dispositif (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendication 2 à 5, dans lequel chacun du premier composant (20) et du deuxième composant (22) comprend une portion secondaire (42) entre la section intermédiaire (44) du composant et l’extrémité d’alimentation (26) du composant, le deuxième brin (32) de chaque couple étant déformé, depuis la section intermédiaire (44), sur l’étendue de la portion secondaire (42), de sorte à entourer progressivement le premier brin (30) du même couple de brins pour former un câble coaxial à l’extrémité d’alimentation (26). 6. Device (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein each of the first component (20) and the second component (22) comprises a secondary portion (42) between the intermediate section (44) of the component and the feed end (26) of the component, the second strand (32) of each pair being deformed, from the intermediate section (44), over the extent of the secondary portion (42), so as to gradually surround the first strand (30) of the same pair of strands to form a coaxial cable at the feed end (26).
7. Dispositif (10) selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel le dispositif (10) a été réalisé par fabrication additive. 7. Device (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the device (10) has been produced by additive manufacturing.
8. Ensemble comprenant une antenne (12) et un dispositif de transition (10) entre l’antenne (12) et une unité d’alimentation (14), le dispositif de transition (10) étant selon l’une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7. 8. An assembly comprising an antenna (12) and a transition device (10) between the antenna (12) and a power supply unit (14), the transition device (10) being according to any one of claims 1 at 7.
9. Ensemble selon la revendication 8, dans lequel l’antenne (12) et le dispositif de transition (10) ont été réalisés au cours d’une même fabrication additive. 9. Assembly according to claim 8, in which the antenna (12) and the transition device (10) have been produced during the same additive manufacturing.
10. Ensemble selon la revendication 8 ou 9, dans lequel l’antenne (12) est une antenne ultra large bande à double polarisation. 10. Assembly according to claim 8 or 9, in which the antenna (12) is a dual-polarized ultra-wideband antenna.
PCT/EP2022/061811 2021-05-03 2022-05-03 Device for transitioning between an antenna and a power supply unit WO2022233846A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22726751.5A EP4334962A1 (en) 2021-05-03 2022-05-03 Device for transitioning between an antenna and a power supply unit

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FRFR2104620 2021-05-03
FR2104620A FR3122522B1 (en) 2021-05-03 2021-05-03 TRANSITION DEVICE BETWEEN AN ANTENNA AND A POWER SUPPLY UNIT

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WO2022233846A1 true WO2022233846A1 (en) 2022-11-10

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2872501A (en) * 1955-06-30 1959-02-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Conductor having transpositions
US20020050950A1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2002-05-02 Harris Corporation Patch dipole array antenna including a feed line organizer body and related methods
US6542128B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2003-04-01 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Wide beamwidth ultra-compact antenna with multiple polarization

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2872501A (en) * 1955-06-30 1959-02-03 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Conductor having transpositions
US6542128B1 (en) * 2000-03-31 2003-04-01 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Wide beamwidth ultra-compact antenna with multiple polarization
US20020050950A1 (en) * 2000-10-31 2002-05-02 Harris Corporation Patch dipole array antenna including a feed line organizer body and related methods

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FR3122522B1 (en) 2023-05-05
FR3122522A1 (en) 2022-11-04
EP4334962A1 (en) 2024-03-13

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