EP0012645A1 - Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings - Google Patents

Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012645A1
EP0012645A1 EP79400907A EP79400907A EP0012645A1 EP 0012645 A1 EP0012645 A1 EP 0012645A1 EP 79400907 A EP79400907 A EP 79400907A EP 79400907 A EP79400907 A EP 79400907A EP 0012645 A1 EP0012645 A1 EP 0012645A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
antenna
slot
plane
ground
axis
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EP79400907A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0012645B1 (en
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Henri Albert Paul Havot
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to plate antennas with double circular loops.
  • Plate antennas have already been studied and we know, for example, that it is possible to establish an equivalence between the width of a plate antenna and the diameter of the circular strand of a doublet.
  • This equivalence has, for example, been dealt with in R.W.O. King entitled “The theory of linear antennas” published in 1356 by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., USA.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an antenna very different from these known antennas and making it possible to obtain significantly better performance.
  • a plate antenna constituted by two tangent circular crowns, with a narrow slot oriented along the axis joining the centers of the crowns and going from the inner edge of a crown to the inner edge of the other ring, in the zone where they are tangent, said zone having a certain width in the direction perpendicular to said axis, one edge of said slot being excited in the immediate vicinity of the center of symmetry of the antenna while the midpoint at least one ring located on said axis on the other side of the center with respect to the point of tangency is to ground.
  • the antenna is produced on a double-sided printed circuit, the power supply being produced by a line with a practically semi-circular band, the radius of which is substantially the arithmetic mean of the inner and outer circles of a crown, of which a half-crown serves as a ground plane with a first end connected to the point of excitation situated on the other side of the slot relative to the half-crown serving as ground plane, passing under the slot, and its other end is connected, through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit to the core of a coaxial cable whose outer conductor , to ground, is connected to the ground point of the antenna, the coaxial cable being normal to the plane of the antenna.
  • the antenna is completed by a reflective plane disposed behind the antenna, parallel to its plane, said coaxial cable crossing this plane.
  • the symmetrical point of said ground point with respect to the center of symmetry of the antenna is connected to said reflective plane which is to ground.
  • the antenna of FIG. 1a is produced on a double-sided printed circuit made of epoxy glass ( ⁇ r Il 4.3) with a thickness of approximately 0.3 mm.
  • the radiating part of the antenna consists of two conductive rings 1 and 2, the outer circles 3 and 4 of which are tangent to the center of symmetry 5 of the antenna.
  • the two crowns 1 and 2 are of the same dimensions, that is to say that the diameters of 3 and 4 are equal as well as the diameters of the interior circles 6 and 7.
  • a slot oriented along the axis 10 joining the centers 11 and 12 of the crowns. Slot 9 goes from circle 6 to circle 7, i.e. crosses longitudinally zone 8.
  • the large circles 3 and 4 are, towards the zone 8, connected together before reaching the slot 9 which creates an electrical continuity between the two crowns on either side of the slot 9.
  • the segments 13 and 14 are parallel to the axis 10 and are spaced from each other by an amount which is practically of the order of the width of the rings.
  • Fig. 1a also shows, on a larger scale, the area 8 and, in particular, the excitation point 15 of the antenna located on the edge 16 of the slot 9 opposite the center of symmetry 5. From point 15, located same side of the printed circuit as the crowns 1 and 2, by a conductor which crosses the insulating sheet and is connected to one end of the conductor supplied with a strip line 17 which passes under the slot 9, then forming an elbow joins the half-circle center line of half of the crown 1 located on the other side of the axis 10 with respect to the edge 16 of the slot.
  • the conductor 17 has its other end located on the axis 10 in the middle of the crown 1, where it is connected to the core 18 of a coaxial cable whose core passes through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit and the outer conductor 19 is electrically connected to the conductive surface of the ring 1.
  • the coaxial cable 19 is perpendicular to the plane of the insulating sheet 20 on one side of which the conductive rings 1 and 2 are printed while on the other side is printed the line 17.
  • FIG. 1b shows that the core 18 crosses 20 while 19 is welded to 1.
  • the cable 19 is shown passing through a reflective plane 21, parallel to the plane of the sheet 20, therefore of the crowns 1 and 2.
  • the plane reflector 21, like the external conductor 19, is grounded, which means that the small circle 19 in FIG. 1a is grounded.
  • the reflector 21 can be square.
  • m is the wavelength in a vacuum corresponding to the minimum frequency of the bandwidth of the antenna used during a series of measurements.
  • the measurements were carried out on the radiating element whose geometric quantities are indicated above, by varying the frequency from 2.1 to 3.6 GHz.
  • the standing wave ratio (R.O.S.) of the antenna with an impedance reduced to 50 ohms remains less than 2.5.
  • the impedance of a radiating element can be modified by varying the width of the radiating strand, that is to say the width of the crowns.
  • the antenna radiation patterns show only one main lobe and no secondary lobe in the frequency range considered.
  • the directivity calculated from the diagrams is between 10 dB for the lowest frequencies and 14.7 for the highest frequency.
  • the average value of the directivity is, in the middle of the band, greater than 12 dB.
  • the distance between the segments 13 and 14 is as small as possible. Indeed, they tend to deform the lobes. However, they cannot be reduced below a certain limit to allow the passage of line 17, with its elbow, in zone 8.
  • the distance between 13 and 14 is chosen to be less than the width of the strands. , i.e. crowns. Note that reducing the width of the strands increases the impedance of the radiation. However, for a given dielectric constant of the sheet 20, a reduction in the width of the strands must be accompanied by a reduction in the line 17 in order for the strip line 17 to function under good conditions. The reduction in the width of the strands therefore has a limit from the point of view of practical operation. Reducing the width of the slot 9 has a capacitive effect on the impedance.
  • Fig. 2 shows an array of two radiating elements of FIG. 1 which are aligned along the axis 10.
  • the first element 22 includes, like that of FIG. 1 two crowns 1 and 2 while the second element 23 comprises two crowns 1 'and 2' which are respectively symmetrical with the crowns 1 and 2 with respect to the straight line 24 perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of external tangency of the crown 1 Crowns 1 and 1 'are tangent.
  • the power cable 25 ends at the point of intersection of 10 and 24, with its outer conductor welded to the plates of the crowns 1 and 2.
  • the plate has a certain width , in the direction of 24, limited by segments 26 and 27, the distance of which may be less than that of 13 and 14.
  • the core 28 of the cable 25 is connected, on the other side of the dielectric sheet, to two small segments 29 and 29 'symmetrical and oriented along 10, the segment 29 being connected to the strip line 17 and the segment 29' to a strip line 17 ', symmetrical with 17. Furthermore, there is the slot 9 and its symmetrical 9 ', as well as the excitation point 15 and its symmetrical 15'.
  • the network of two elements can be supplied by a cable 25 having an impedance of 100 ohms, provided that the width of the strands is appropriately chosen. that is to say weaker than in the element of FIG. 1.
  • the openings obtained in the H plane are the same for the frequency range as above, between 16 ° and 26 ° or substantially half of the isolated radiating element. Note that for the frequency of 3.2 GHz, we obtain lower lobes than expected, ie - 20 dB, instead of 13.2 dB usually obtained.
  • FIG. 3 shows an array of four radiating elements in FIG. 1 which constitute two pairs of antennas in FIG. 2.
  • This network comprises the elements 30, 31, 32 and 33, which are respectively tangent two by two.
  • a power cable 34 is connected to the point of tangency of the elements 31 and 32. Its core is, this time connected to two strip lines symmetrical with respect to the straight line 35, perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of tangency of 31 and 32.
  • These lines 36 and 36 ' are also symmetrical with the lines 17 and 17' of the antenna of FIG. 2 relative to the axis 10, that is to say that they run under the halves of crowns which include the excitation point.
  • the line 36 passes at a certain distance from the excitation point 37 and extends under the adjacent crown half to reach the point of tangency 38 of the elements 30 and 31 where it is derived in two lines 39 and 40, quite similar to 17 and 17 ', the ends of which are the excitation points 37 of 31 and 41 of 30. From line 36', we also find the symmetrical lines 39 'and 40' ending, from 38 ', point of tangency of 32 and 33, at excitation points 38' of 32 and 41 'of 33.
  • the radiating element of the invention simply makes it possible, using the strip line technique, to produce networks with a large number of elements.
  • the radiating element of Figs. 1a and 1b can be used at higher frequencies, reducing its dimensions accordingly, in measuring cavities.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The plate-type antenna is constituted by two tangent circular rings lying in a common plane and interconnected by a slit which is narrow and oriented in the direction of an axis which joins the centers of the rings. The slit extends from the internal edge or circumference of one ring to the internal edge or circumference of the other ring. The tangency zone has a given width which is small as possible in the direction which is perpendicular to the axis of the two rings. One edge of the slit is excited or energized in the immediate neighborhood of the center of symmetry of the antenna. Ground is connected to the middle point of at least one ring located on the axis on the other side of the center. The antennas may be assembled into networks. They may be constructed as double-faced printed circuits.

Description

La présente invention concerne des antennes en plaques à double boucles circulaires.The present invention relates to plate antennas with double circular loops.

Les antennes en plaques ont déjà fait l'objet d'études et l'on sait, par exemple, qu'il est possible d'établir une équivalence entre la largeur d'une antenne en plaque et le diamètre du brin circulaire d'un doublet. Cette équivalence a, par exemple, été traitée dans l'ouvrage de R.W.O. King intitulé "The theory of linear antennas" édité en 1356 par Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., Etats-Unis. On connaît également des doublets repliés en plaque à brin alimenté beaucoup plus 1-arge que le brin replié.Plate antennas have already been studied and we know, for example, that it is possible to establish an equivalence between the width of a plate antenna and the diameter of the circular strand of a doublet. This equivalence has, for example, been dealt with in R.W.O. King entitled "The theory of linear antennas" published in 1356 by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., USA. There are also known doublets folded in stranded plate fed much more 1-edge than the folded strand.

L'objet de la présente invention est de prévoir une antenne très nettement différente de ces antennes connues et permettant d'obtenir des performances nettement meilleures.The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna very different from these known antennas and making it possible to obtain significantly better performance.

Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, il est prévu une antenne en plaque constituée par deux couronnes circulaires tangentes, avec une fente étroite orientée suivant l'axe joignant les centres des couronnes et allant du bord interne d'une couronne jusqu'au bord interne de l'autre couronne, dans la zone où elles sont tangentes, ladite zone ayant une certaine largeur dans la direction perpendiculaire audit axe, un bord de ladite fente étant excité au voisinage immédiat du centre de symétrie de l'antenne tandis que le point milieu d'au moins une couronne situé sur ledit axe de l'autre côté du centre par rapport au point de tangence est à la masse.According to a characteristic of the invention, there is provided a plate antenna constituted by two tangent circular crowns, with a narrow slot oriented along the axis joining the centers of the crowns and going from the inner edge of a crown to the inner edge of the other ring, in the zone where they are tangent, said zone having a certain width in the direction perpendicular to said axis, one edge of said slot being excited in the immediate vicinity of the center of symmetry of the antenna while the midpoint at least one ring located on said axis on the other side of the center with respect to the point of tangency is to ground.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, l'antenne est réalisée sur un circuit imprimé double face, l'alimentation étant réalisée par une ligne à bande pratiquement semi-circulaire dont le rayon est sensiblement la moyenne arithmétique des cercles interne et externe d'une couronne, dont une demi-couronne sert de plan de masse avec une première extrémité reliée au point d'excitation situé de l'autre côté de la fente par rapport à la demi-couronne servant de plan de masse, en passant sous la fente, et son autre extrémité est reliée, à travers la feuille isolante du circuit imprimé à l'âme d'un câble coaxial dont le conducteur extérieur, à la masse, est relié au point de masse de l'antenne, le câble coaxial étant normal au plan de l'antenne.According to another characteristic, the antenna is produced on a double-sided printed circuit, the power supply being produced by a line with a practically semi-circular band, the radius of which is substantially the arithmetic mean of the inner and outer circles of a crown, of which a half-crown serves as a ground plane with a first end connected to the point of excitation situated on the other side of the slot relative to the half-crown serving as ground plane, passing under the slot, and its other end is connected, through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit to the core of a coaxial cable whose outer conductor , to ground, is connected to the ground point of the antenna, the coaxial cable being normal to the plane of the antenna.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, l'antenne est complétée par un plan réflecteur disposé derrière l'antenne, parallèlement à son plan, ledit câble coaxial traversant ce plan.According to another characteristic, the antenna is completed by a reflective plane disposed behind the antenna, parallel to its plane, said coaxial cable crossing this plane.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, le point symétrique dudit point de masse par rapport au centre de symétrie de l'antenne est relié audit plan réflecteur lequel est à la masse.According to another characteristic, the symmetrical point of said ground point with respect to the center of symmetry of the antenna is connected to said reflective plane which is to ground.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnée ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels:

  • la Fig. la est une vue de la face rayonnante d'une antenne élémentaire suivant l'invention,
  • la Fig. 1b est une vue de côté de l'antenne de la Fig. 1 disposée devant le plan réflecteur,
  • la Fig. 2 est une vue schématique d'une antenne double suivant l'invention, et
  • la Fig. 3 est une vue schématique d'une antenne quadruple, suivant l'invention.
The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:
  • Fig. la is a view of the radiating face of an elementary antenna according to the invention,
  • Fig. 1b is a side view of the antenna of FIG. 1 placed in front of the reflecting plane,
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a double antenna according to the invention, and
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a quadruple antenna, according to the invention.

L'antenne de la Fig. 1a est réalisée sur un circuit imprimé double face en verre époxy (εr Il 4,3) d'une épaisseur d'environ 0,3 mm. La partie rayonnante de l'antenne est constituée par deux couronnes conductrices 1 et 2 dont les cercles extérieurs 3 et 4 seraient tangents au centre de symétrie 5 de l'antenne. Les deux couronnes 1 et 2 sont de mêmes dimensions, c'est à dire que les diamètres de 3 et 4 sont égaux ainsi que les diamètres des cercles intérieurs 6 et 7. Dans la zone 8 où les couronnes 1 et 2 sont pratiquement tangentes, il est prévu une fente orientée suivant l'axe 10 joignant les centres 11 et 12 des couronnes. La fente 9 va du cercle 6 au cercle 7, c'est à dire traverse longitudinalement la zone 8.The antenna of FIG. 1a is produced on a double-sided printed circuit made of epoxy glass (ε r Il 4.3) with a thickness of approximately 0.3 mm. The radiating part of the antenna consists of two conductive rings 1 and 2, the outer circles 3 and 4 of which are tangent to the center of symmetry 5 of the antenna. The two crowns 1 and 2 are of the same dimensions, that is to say that the diameters of 3 and 4 are equal as well as the diameters of the interior circles 6 and 7. In the zone 8 where the crowns 1 and 2 are practically tangent, there is provided a slot oriented along the axis 10 joining the centers 11 and 12 of the crowns. Slot 9 goes from circle 6 to circle 7, i.e. crosses longitudinally zone 8.

Comme le font apparaître les segments 13 et 14, les grands cercles 3 et 4 sont, vers la zone 8, reliés entre eux avant d'atteindre la fente 9 ce qui crée une continuité électrique entre les deux couronnes de part et d'autre de la fente 9. Les segments 13 et 14 sont parallèles à l'axe 10 et sont distants l'un de l'autre d'une quantité qui est pratiquement de l'ordre de la largeur des couronnes.As shown by the segments 13 and 14, the large circles 3 and 4 are, towards the zone 8, connected together before reaching the slot 9 which creates an electrical continuity between the two crowns on either side of the slot 9. The segments 13 and 14 are parallel to the axis 10 and are spaced from each other by an amount which is practically of the order of the width of the rings.

La Fig. 1a montre également, à plus grande échelle, la zone 8 et, en particulier, le point d'excitation 15 de l'antenne situé sur le bord 16 de la fente 9 en face du centre de symétrie 5. Du point 15, situé du même côté du circuit imprimé que les couronnes 1 et 2, par un conducteur qui traverse la feuille isolante et est relié à une extrémité du conducteur alimenté d'une ligne à bande 17 qui passe sous la fente 9, puis en formant un coude rejoint la ligne médiane en demi-cercle de la moitié de la couronne 1 se trouvant de l'autre côté de l'axe 10 par rapport au bord 16 de la fente. Le conducteur 17 a son autre extrémité située sur l'axe 10 au milieu de la couronne 1, où elle est reliée à l'âme 18 d'un câble coaxial dont l'âme passe à travers la feuille isolante du circuit imprimé et dont le conducteur extérieur 19 est relié électriquement à la surface conductrice de la couronne 1.Fig. 1a also shows, on a larger scale, the area 8 and, in particular, the excitation point 15 of the antenna located on the edge 16 of the slot 9 opposite the center of symmetry 5. From point 15, located same side of the printed circuit as the crowns 1 and 2, by a conductor which crosses the insulating sheet and is connected to one end of the conductor supplied with a strip line 17 which passes under the slot 9, then forming an elbow joins the half-circle center line of half of the crown 1 located on the other side of the axis 10 with respect to the edge 16 of the slot. The conductor 17 has its other end located on the axis 10 in the middle of the crown 1, where it is connected to the core 18 of a coaxial cable whose core passes through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit and the outer conductor 19 is electrically connected to the conductive surface of the ring 1.

Comme le montre la Fig. 1b, le câble coaxial 19 est perpendiculaire au plan de la feuille isolante 20 sur une face de laquelle sont imprimées les couronnes conductrices 1 et 2 tandis que sur l'autre face est imprimée la ligne 17. La Fig. 1b montre que l'âme 18 traverse 20 tandis que 19 est soudé à 1. Par ailleurs, le câble 19 est montré passant à travers un plan réflecteur 21, parallèle au plan de la feuille 20, donc des couronnes 1 et 2. Le plan réflecteur 21, comme le conducteur extérieur 19, est à la masse, ce qui entraîne que le petit cercle 19 de la Fig. 1a est à la masse. Le réflecteur 21 peut être carré.As shown in Fig. 1b, the coaxial cable 19 is perpendicular to the plane of the insulating sheet 20 on one side of which the conductive rings 1 and 2 are printed while on the other side is printed the line 17. FIG. 1b shows that the core 18 crosses 20 while 19 is welded to 1. Furthermore, the cable 19 is shown passing through a reflective plane 21, parallel to the plane of the sheet 20, therefore of the crowns 1 and 2. The plane reflector 21, like the external conductor 19, is grounded, which means that the small circle 19 in FIG. 1a is grounded. The reflector 21 can be square.

Dans un exemple de réalisation de l'élément rayonnant des Figs. 1a et 1b, on a prévu les dimensions suivantes:

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
où m est la longueur d'onde dans le vide correspondant à la fréquence minimale de la bande passante de l'antenne utilisée au cours d'une série de mesures.In an exemplary embodiment of the radiating element of FIGS. 1a and 1b, the following dimensions have been provided:
Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0002
 where m is the wavelength in a vacuum corresponding to the minimum frequency of the bandwidth of the antenna used during a series of measurements.

Les mesures ont été effectuées sur l'élément rayonnant dont les grandeurs géométriques sont indiquées ci-dessus, en faisant varier la fréquence de 2,1 à 3,6 GHz. Le rapport d'ondes stationnaires (R.O.S.) de l'antenne avec une impédance ramenée à 50 ohms reste inférieur à 2,5. A noter que l'on peut modifier l'impédance d'un élémént rayonnant en faisant varier la largeur du brin rayonnant, c'est à dire la largeur des couronnes.The measurements were carried out on the radiating element whose geometric quantities are indicated above, by varying the frequency from 2.1 to 3.6 GHz. The standing wave ratio (R.O.S.) of the antenna with an impedance reduced to 50 ohms remains less than 2.5. Note that the impedance of a radiating element can be modified by varying the width of the radiating strand, that is to say the width of the crowns.

On a mesuré les ouvertures des diagrammes de directivité à 3 dB dans les plans E, normal à la fente 9, et H, contenant l'axe 10, et obtenu les résultats du tableau suivant:

Figure imgb0003
The openings of the directivity diagrams were measured at 3 dB in the planes E, normal to the slot 9, and H, containing the axis 10, and obtained the results of the following table:
Figure imgb0003

A titre d'information, les ouvertures d'un doublet classique demi-. onde disposé parallèlement à un plan réflecteur distant d'un quart d'onde sont, à 3 dB, respectivement θE = 72° et θH = 120°For information, the openings of a half classic doublet. wave arranged parallel to a reflective plane distant by a quarter wave are, at 3 dB, respectively θ E = 72 ° and θ H = 120 °

En outre,les diagrammes de rayonnement de l'antenne ne présentent qu'un lobe principal et aucun lobe secondaire dans la gamme de fréquences considérée. La directivité calculée à partir des diagrammes est comprise entre 10 dB pour les fréquences les plus basses et 14,7 pour la fréquence la plus haute. La valeur moyenne de la directivité est, en milieu de bande, supérieure à 12 dB.In addition, the antenna radiation patterns show only one main lobe and no secondary lobe in the frequency range considered. The directivity calculated from the diagrams is between 10 dB for the lowest frequencies and 14.7 for the highest frequency. The average value of the directivity is, in the middle of the band, greater than 12 dB.

De préférence, la distance entre les segments 13 et 14 est aussi réduite que possible. En effet, ils ont tendance à déformer les lobes. Toutefois, on ne peut les réduire au-dessous d'une certaine limite pour permettre le passage de la ligne 17, avec son coude, dans la zone 8. De préférence, la distance entre 13 et 14 est choisie inférieure à la largeur des brins, c'est à dire des couronnes. A noter que la réduction de la largeur des brins permet d'augmenter l'impédance du rayonnement. Toutefois, pour une constante diélectrique de la feuille 20 donnée, une réduction de la largeur des brins doit s'accompagner d'une réduction de la ligne 17 pour que la ligne à bande 17 fonctionne dans de bonnes conditions. La réduction de la largeur des brins a donc une limite du point de vue fonctionnement pratique. La réduction de la largeur de la fente 9 a un effet capacitif sur l'impédance.Preferably, the distance between the segments 13 and 14 is as small as possible. Indeed, they tend to deform the lobes. However, they cannot be reduced below a certain limit to allow the passage of line 17, with its elbow, in zone 8. Preferably, the distance between 13 and 14 is chosen to be less than the width of the strands. , i.e. crowns. Note that reducing the width of the strands increases the impedance of the radiation. However, for a given dielectric constant of the sheet 20, a reduction in the width of the strands must be accompanied by a reduction in the line 17 in order for the strip line 17 to function under good conditions. The reduction in the width of the strands therefore has a limit from the point of view of practical operation. Reducing the width of the slot 9 has a capacitive effect on the impedance.

La Fig. 2 montre un réseau de deux éléments rayonnants de la Fig. 1 qui sont alignés suivant l'axe 10. Le premier élément 22 comprend comme celui de la Fig. 1 deux couronnes 1 et 2 tandis que le second élément 23 comprend deux couronnes 1' et 2' qui sont respectivement symétriques des couronnes 1 et 2 par rapport à la droite 24 perpendiculaire à l'axe 10 au point de tangence externe de la couronne 1. Les couronnes 1 et 1' sont tangentes. Le câble d'alimentation 25 aboutit au point d'intersection de 10 et 24, avec son conducteur extérieur soudé aux plaques des couronnes 1 et 2. En pratique, autour du point de tangence de 1 et 1', la plaque a une certaine largeur, dans le sens de 24, limitée par des segments 26 et 27 dont la distance peut être plus faible que celle de 13 et 14. L'âme 28 du câble 25 est reliée, de l'autre côté de la feuille diélectrique, à deux petits segments 29 et 29' symétriques et orientés suivant 10, le segment 29 étant relié à la ligne à bande 17 et le segment 29' à une ligne à bande 17', symétrique de 17. Par ailleurs, on retrouve la fente 9 et sa symétrique 9', ainsi que le point d'excitation 15 et son symétrique 15'.Fig. 2 shows an array of two radiating elements of FIG. 1 which are aligned along the axis 10. The first element 22 includes, like that of FIG. 1 two crowns 1 and 2 while the second element 23 comprises two crowns 1 'and 2' which are respectively symmetrical with the crowns 1 and 2 with respect to the straight line 24 perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of external tangency of the crown 1 Crowns 1 and 1 'are tangent. The power cable 25 ends at the point of intersection of 10 and 24, with its outer conductor welded to the plates of the crowns 1 and 2. In practice, around the point of tangency of 1 and 1 ′, the plate has a certain width , in the direction of 24, limited by segments 26 and 27, the distance of which may be less than that of 13 and 14. The core 28 of the cable 25 is connected, on the other side of the dielectric sheet, to two small segments 29 and 29 'symmetrical and oriented along 10, the segment 29 being connected to the strip line 17 and the segment 29' to a strip line 17 ', symmetrical with 17. Furthermore, there is the slot 9 and its symmetrical 9 ', as well as the excitation point 15 and its symmetrical 15'.

En supposant que l'élément 22 a des dimensions extérieures identiques à celles de l'élément de la Fig. 1, on peut alimenter le réseau de deux éléments par un câble 25 ayant une impédance de 100 ohms, à condition de choisir convenablement la largeur des brins. c'est à dire plus faible que dans l'élément de la Fig. 1.Assuming that the element 22 has external dimensions identical to those of the element in FIG. 1, the network of two elements can be supplied by a cable 25 having an impedance of 100 ohms, provided that the width of the strands is appropriately chosen. that is to say weaker than in the element of FIG. 1.

En effectuant sur l'antenne de la Fig. 2 les mêmes mesures que sur celles de la Fig. 1, on obtient les résultats suivants:

Figure imgb0004
By performing on the antenna of FIG. 2 the same measurements as on those of FIG. 1, the following results are obtained:
Figure imgb0004

On constate que les ouvertures obtenues dans le plan H sont les mêmes pour la gamme de fréquences que précédemment, comprises entre 16° et 26° soit sensiblement la moitié de l'élément rayonnant isolé. A noter, que, pour la fréquence de 3,2 GHz, on obtient des lobes secondaires plus bas que prévus, soit - 20 dB, au lieu de 13,2 dB ordinairement obtenus.It can be seen that the openings obtained in the H plane are the same for the frequency range as above, between 16 ° and 26 ° or substantially half of the isolated radiating element. Note that for the frequency of 3.2 GHz, we obtain lower lobes than expected, ie - 20 dB, instead of 13.2 dB usually obtained.

On constate également que, grâce à la continuité physique et électrique entre les éléments rayonnants autour de leur point de tangence, on peut, notamment en utilisant des alimentations à ligne à bande, obtenir un système d'alimentation extrêmement simple et apportant moins de pertes que dans les réseaux connus.It is also noted that, thanks to the physical and electrical continuity between the radiating elements around their point of tangency, it is possible, in particular by using strip line power supplies, to obtain an extremely simple power supply system and bringing less losses than in known networks.

La Fig. 3 montre un réseau de quatre éléments rayonnants de la Fig. 1 qui constituent deux paires d'antennes de la Fig. 2. Ce réseau comprend les éléments 30, 31, 32 et 33, qui sont respectivement tangents deux à deux. Un câble d'alimentation 34 est relié au point de tangence des éléments 31 et 32. Son âme est, cette fois reliée à deux lignes à bande symétriques par rapport à la droite 35, perpendiculaire à l'axe 10 au point de tangence de 31 et 32. Ces lignes 36 et 36' sont également symétriques des lignes 17 et 17' de l'antenne de la Fig. 2 par rapport à l'axe 10, c'est à dire qu'elles courent sous les moitiés de couronnes qui comprennent le point d'excitation. Dans la zone de la fente de l'élément rayonnant 31, la ligne 36 passe à une certaine distance du point d'excitation 37 et se prolonge sous la moitié de couronne adjacente pour atteindre le point de tangence 38 des éléments 30 et 31 où elle est dérivée en deux lignes 39 et 40, tout à fait analogues à 17 et 17', dont les extrémités sont les points d'excitation 37 de 31 et 41 de 30. A partir de la ligne 36', on trouve également les lignes symétriques 39' et 40' aboutissant, à partir de 38', point de tangence de 32 et 33, aux points d'excitation 38' de 32 et 41' de 33.Fig. 3 shows an array of four radiating elements in FIG. 1 which constitute two pairs of antennas in FIG. 2. This network comprises the elements 30, 31, 32 and 33, which are respectively tangent two by two. A power cable 34 is connected to the point of tangency of the elements 31 and 32. Its core is, this time connected to two strip lines symmetrical with respect to the straight line 35, perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of tangency of 31 and 32. These lines 36 and 36 'are also symmetrical with the lines 17 and 17' of the antenna of FIG. 2 relative to the axis 10, that is to say that they run under the halves of crowns which include the excitation point. In the region of the slot of the radiating element 31, the line 36 passes at a certain distance from the excitation point 37 and extends under the adjacent crown half to reach the point of tangency 38 of the elements 30 and 31 where it is derived in two lines 39 and 40, quite similar to 17 and 17 ', the ends of which are the excitation points 37 of 31 and 41 of 30. From line 36', we also find the symmetrical lines 39 'and 40' ending, from 38 ', point of tangency of 32 and 33, at excitation points 38' of 32 and 41 'of 33.

Il apparaît donc que l'élément rayonnant de l'invention permet simplement, en utilisant la technique des lignes à bandes, de réaliser des réseaux à grand nombre d'éléments.It therefore appears that the radiating element of the invention simply makes it possible, using the strip line technique, to produce networks with a large number of elements.

Il faut par ailleurs noter, en se référant à nouveau à l'élément rayonnant de la Fig. 1a, que le point 42 situé sur l'axe 10 et symétrique du point 18 par rapport à la tangente commune à 1 et 2 peut sans inconvénient être mis à la masse, c'est à dire relié au réflecteur 21, et cela pour des raisons de symétrie. Cette remarque permet d'envisager d'alimenter l'élément par deux câbles, l'un aboutissant en 18 et l'autre en 42, l'âme de ce dernier étant réunie au point 15 par une ligne à bande symétrique de 17 sous la moitié correspondante de la couronne 2. Cette remarque peut également être mise à profit dans l'antenne de la Fig. 3 en prévoyant des câbles aboutissant aux points 38 et 38'.It should also be noted, referring again to the radiating element of FIG. 1a, that the point 42 located on the axis 10 and symmetrical with the point 18 with respect to the tangent common to 1 and 2 can without disadvantage be earthed, that is to say connected to the reflector 21, and this for reasons for symmetry. This remark makes it possible to envisage supplying the element with two cables, one leading to 18 and the other to 42, the core of the latter being joined at point 15 by a line with a symmetrical strip of 17 under the corresponding half of the crown 2. This remark can also be used in the antenna of FIG. 3 by providing cables leading to points 38 and 38 '.

Il faut encore noter que l'élément rayonnant des Figs. 1a et 1b peut à des fréquences supérieures être utilisé, en réduisant ses dimensions en conséquence, dans des cavités de mesure.It should also be noted that the radiating element of Figs. 1a and 1b can be used at higher frequencies, reducing its dimensions accordingly, in measuring cavities.

Claims (5)

1) Antenne en plaque à deux ouvertures symétriques avec une fente réunissant les deux ouvertures, la fente étant orientée suivant l'axe joignant les centres des ouvertures, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée par deux couronnes circulaires tangentes, la zone de tangence des couronnes étant la moins large possible dans la direction perpendiculaire audit axe, un bord de ladite fente étant excité au voisinage du centre de symétrie de l,iantenne tandis que le point milieu d'au moins une couronne situé sur ledit axe, de l'autre côté du centre par rapport à la zone de tangence est à la masse.1) Plate antenna with two symmetrical openings with a slot joining the two openings, the slot being oriented along the axis joining the centers of the openings, characterized in that it consists of two tangent circular rings, the tangency zone of the crowns being as narrow as possible in the direction perpendicular to said axis, one edge of said slot being excited in the vicinity of the center of symmetry of the antenna while the midpoint of at least one crown located on said axis, on the other side of the center with respect to the tangency zone is to ground. 2) Antenne suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée sur un circuit imprimé double face, l'alimentation étant réalisée par une ligne à bande pratiquement semi-circulaire dont le rayon est sensiblement la moyenne arithmétique des cercles interne et externe d'une couronne, dont une demi-couronne sert de plan de masse avec une première extrémité reliée au point d'excitation situé de l'autre côté de la fente par rapport à la demi-couronne servant de plan de masse, en passant sous la fente, et son autre extrémité reliée, à travers la feuille isolante du circuit imprimé à l'âme d'un câble coaxial dont le conducteur extérieur, à la masse, est relié au point de masse de l'antenne, le câble coaxial étant normal au plan de l'antenne.2) Antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that it is carried out on a double-sided printed circuit, the supply being carried out by a practically semi-circular strip line whose radius is substantially the arithmetic mean of the internal and external circles a crown, of which a half-crown serves as a ground plane with a first end connected to the excitation point located on the other side of the slot relative to the half-crown serving as a ground plane, passing under the slot, and its other end connected, through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit to the core of a coaxial cable whose external conductor, to ground, is connected to the ground point of the antenna, the coaxial cable being normal to the antenna plan. 3) Antenne suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est complétée par un plan réflecteur disposé derrière l'antenne, parallèlement au plan de l'antenne, le câble coaxial traversant ce plan, le réflecteur pouvant être relié électriquement et mécaniquement au conducteur extérieur dudit câble coaxial.3) Antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is supplemented by a reflective plane arranged behind the antenna, parallel to the plane of the antenna, the coaxial cable passing through this plane, the reflector being able to be electrically connected and mechanically to the outer conductor of said coaxial cable. 4) Antenne suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que le point symétrique dudit point de masse par rapport au centre de symétrie de l'antenne est relié électriquement et mécaniquement audit plan réflecteur.4) Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the symmetrical point of said ground point with respect to the center of symmetry of the antenna is electrically and mechanically connected to said reflecting plane. 5) Réseau d'antennes suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une pluralité de telles antennes dont les fentes sont alignées, les antennes étant tangentes et alimentées par des lignes à bande.5) Antenna array according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of such antennas whose slots are aligned, the antennas being tangent and supplied by strip lines.
EP79400907A 1978-11-27 1979-11-23 Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings Expired EP0012645B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79400907T ATE3923T1 (en) 1978-11-27 1979-11-23 ANTENNA MADE OF TWO CIRCULAR FLAT RINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR7834424 1978-11-27
FR7834424A FR2442520A1 (en) 1978-11-27 1978-11-27 PLATE ANTENNA WITH DOUBLE CIRCULAR LOOPS

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EP0012645A1 true EP0012645A1 (en) 1980-06-25
EP0012645B1 EP0012645B1 (en) 1983-06-22

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AT (1) ATE3923T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2965766D1 (en)
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0085486A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1983-08-10 The Marconi Company Limited Antenna arrangement
US4479127A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-10-23 Gte Products Corporation Bi-loop antenna system
US4746927A (en) * 1984-11-08 1988-05-24 U.S. Philips Corporation VOR antenna design
WO1988009065A1 (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-11-17 Darrell Coleman Broad frequency range aerial
FR2775128A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-20 Henri Havot MINIATURIZED ANTENNA
FR2775127A1 (en) * 1998-02-17 1999-08-20 Tekelec Temex Isolated slab antenna construction
EP0959523A1 (en) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-24 Henri Albert Paul Havot Capacitively fed plate antenna with two circular loops

Families Citing this family (7)

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FR2556510B1 (en) * 1983-12-13 1986-08-01 Thomson Csf PERIODIC PLANE ANTENNA
GB9222213D0 (en) * 1992-10-22 1992-12-02 Pilkington Glass Ltd Translucent article having induction loop antenna
US5872546A (en) * 1995-09-27 1999-02-16 Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. Broadband antenna using a semicircular radiator
US6259416B1 (en) 1997-04-09 2001-07-10 Superpass Company Inc. Wideband slot-loop antennas for wireless communication systems
US20100207831A1 (en) * 2009-02-18 2010-08-19 Wu Huei-Chi Loop Dipole Antenna Module
JP4952835B2 (en) * 2009-11-20 2012-06-13 株式会社デンソー Modified folded dipole antenna, impedance adjustment method thereof, and antenna device
RU2465696C1 (en) * 2011-09-13 2012-10-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Мурманский государственный технический университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "МГТУ") High bandpass response shortened horizontal dipole

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FR2279233A1 (en) * 1974-07-18 1976-02-13 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED THICK SHORTCUT
FR2298200A1 (en) * 1975-01-17 1976-08-13 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED THICK TUNABLE IN A FREQUENCY BAND OF TWO OCTAVES

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FR938846A (en) * 1945-08-13 1948-10-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Antennas
US2935747A (en) * 1956-03-05 1960-05-03 Rca Corp Broadband antenna system
GB853472A (en) * 1956-04-07 1960-11-09 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to aerials
FR2119901A1 (en) * 1970-11-21 1972-08-11 Sony Corp
NL7300260A (en) * 1972-01-10 1973-07-12
FR2311422A1 (en) * 1975-05-15 1976-12-10 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED IN PLATES

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0085486A1 (en) * 1982-01-15 1983-08-10 The Marconi Company Limited Antenna arrangement
US4479127A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-10-23 Gte Products Corporation Bi-loop antenna system
US4746927A (en) * 1984-11-08 1988-05-24 U.S. Philips Corporation VOR antenna design
WO1988009065A1 (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-11-17 Darrell Coleman Broad frequency range aerial
FR2775127A1 (en) * 1998-02-17 1999-08-20 Tekelec Temex Isolated slab antenna construction
FR2775128A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-20 Henri Havot MINIATURIZED ANTENNA
EP0938157A1 (en) * 1998-02-19 1999-08-25 Henri Albert Paul Havot Miniaturised antenna
EP0959523A1 (en) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-24 Henri Albert Paul Havot Capacitively fed plate antenna with two circular loops
FR2779011A1 (en) * 1998-05-19 1999-11-26 Henri Havot PLATE ANTENNA WITH DOUBLE CIRCULAR LOOPS EXCITED BY CAPACITY

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4443805A (en) 1984-04-17
DE2965766D1 (en) 1983-07-28
EP0012645B1 (en) 1983-06-22
FR2442520A1 (en) 1980-06-20
FR2442520B1 (en) 1983-02-25
ATE3923T1 (en) 1983-07-15

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