EP0012645B1 - Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings - Google Patents

Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0012645B1
EP0012645B1 EP79400907A EP79400907A EP0012645B1 EP 0012645 B1 EP0012645 B1 EP 0012645B1 EP 79400907 A EP79400907 A EP 79400907A EP 79400907 A EP79400907 A EP 79400907A EP 0012645 B1 EP0012645 B1 EP 0012645B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
axis
plane
slit
rings
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EP79400907A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0012645A1 (en
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Henri Albert Paul Havot
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Individual
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength

Definitions

  • Plate antennas have already been the subject of studies and it is known, for example, that it is possible to establish an equivalence between the width of a plate antenna and the diameter of the circular strand of a doublet.
  • This equivalence has, for example, been dealt with in R.W.O. King entitled "The theory of linear antennas published in 1956 by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., USA.
  • Doublets folded in stranded plate fed much wider than the folded strand such as, for example, that described in patent FR2311 422.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an antenna very different from these known antennas and making it possible to obtain significantly better performance.
  • the antenna is constituted by two tangent circular conducting rings, the two rings being electrically connected to each other in the tangency zone whose length is, in the direction perpendicular to the axis , of the order of magnitude of the width of the rings, one edge of the slot being excited in the vicinity of the center of symmetry of the antenna while the midpoint of at least one ring, located on the axis in the area diametrically opposite to the center of symmetry, is to ground.
  • the antenna radiation patterns show only one main lobe and no secondary lobe in the frequency range considered.
  • the directivity calculated from the diagrams is between 10 dB for the lowest frequencies and 14.7 for the highest frequency.
  • the average value of the directivity is, in the middle of the band, greater than 12 dB.
  • Fig. 2 shows an array of two radiating elements of FIG. 1 which are aligned along the axis 10.
  • the first element 22 includes, like that of FIG. 1 two crowns 1 and 2 while the second element 23 comprises two crowns 1 'and 2' which are respectively symmetrical with the crowns 1 and 2 with respect to the straight line 24 perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of external tangency of the crown 1 Crowns 1 and 1 'are tangent.
  • the power cable 25 ends at the point of intersection of 10 and 24, with its outer conductor welded to the plates of the crowns 1 and 2.
  • the network of two elements can be supplied by a cable 25 having an impedance of 100 ohms, provided that the width of the strands is chosen correctly, that is to say narrower than in the element in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows an array of four radiating elements in FIG. 1 which constitute two pairs of antennas in FIG. 2.
  • This network comprises the elements 30, 31, 32 and 33, which are respectively tangent two by two.
  • a supply cable 34 is connected to the point of tangency of the elements 31 and 32. Its core is, this time connected to two strip lines symmetrical with respect to the straight line35, perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of tangency of 31 and 32.
  • These lines 36 and 36 ' are also symmetrical with the lines 17 and 17' of the antenna of FIG. 2 relative to the axis 10, that is to say that they run under the halves of crowns which include the point of excitation.
  • the radiating element of the invention simply makes it possible, using the strip line technique, to produce networks with a large number of elements.

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Abstract

The plate-type antenna is constituted by two tangent circular rings lying in a common plane and interconnected by a slit which is narrow and oriented in the direction of an axis which joins the centers of the rings. The slit extends from the internal edge or circumference of one ring to the internal edge or circumference of the other ring. The tangency zone has a given width which is small as possible in the direction which is perpendicular to the axis of the two rings. One edge of the slit is excited or energized in the immediate neighborhood of the center of symmetry of the antenna. Ground is connected to the middle point of at least one ring located on the axis on the other side of the center. The antennas may be assembled into networks. They may be constructed as double-faced printed circuits.

Description

La présente invention concerne des antennes en plaques à deux ouvertures symétriques avec une fente réunissant les deux ouvertures, la fente étant orientée suivant l'axe joignant les centres des ouvertures. Ce type d'antenne a été décrit dans les documents US-A-2 935 747 et FR-A-2119901 notamment.The present invention relates to plate antennas with two symmetrical openings with a slot joining the two openings, the slot being oriented along the axis joining the centers of the openings. This type of antenna has been described in documents US-A-2,935,747 and FR-A-2119901 in particular.

Les antennes en plaques ont déjà fait l'objet d'études et l'on sait, par exemple, qu'il est possible d'établir une équivalence entre la largeur d'une antenne en plaque et le diamètre du brin circulaire d'un doublet. Cette équivalence a, par exemple, été traitée dans l'ouvrage de R.W.O. King intitulé « The theory of linear antennas édité en 1956 par Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., Etats-Unis. On connaît également des doublets repliés en plaque à brin alimenté beaucoup plus large que le brin replié, tels que, par exemple, celui qui est décrit dans le brevet FR2311 422.Plate antennas have already been the subject of studies and it is known, for example, that it is possible to establish an equivalence between the width of a plate antenna and the diameter of the circular strand of a doublet. This equivalence has, for example, been dealt with in R.W.O. King entitled "The theory of linear antennas published in 1956 by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., USA. There are also known doublets folded in stranded plate fed much wider than the folded strand, such as, for example, that described in patent FR2311 422.

L'objet de la présente invention est de prévoir une antenne très nettement différente de ces antennes connues et permettant d'obtenir des performances nettement meilleures.The object of the present invention is to provide an antenna very different from these known antennas and making it possible to obtain significantly better performance.

Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, il est prévu que l'antenne est constituée par deux couronnes conductrices circulaires tangentes, les deux couronnes étant reliées électriquement entre elles dans la zone de tangence dont la longueur est, dans la direction perpendiculaire à l'axe, de l'ordre de grandeur de la largeur des couronnes, un bord de la fente étant excité au voisinage du centre de symétrie de l'antenne tandis que le point médian d'au moins une couronne, situé sur l'axe dans la zone diamétralement opposée au centre de symétrie, est à la masse.According to a characteristic of the invention, it is provided that the antenna is constituted by two tangent circular conducting rings, the two rings being electrically connected to each other in the tangency zone whose length is, in the direction perpendicular to the axis , of the order of magnitude of the width of the rings, one edge of the slot being excited in the vicinity of the center of symmetry of the antenna while the midpoint of at least one ring, located on the axis in the area diametrically opposite to the center of symmetry, is to ground.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, l'antenne est réalisée sur un circuit imprimé double face, l'alimentation étant réalisée par une ligne à bande pratiquement semi-circulaire dont le rayon est sensiblement la moyenne arithmétique des cercles interne et externe d'une couronne, dont, dans une des couronnés, une demi-couronne, située entièrement d'un côté de l'axe, sert de plan de masse, avec une extrémité de la ligne à bande reliée au point d'excitation situé de l'autre côté de la fente par rapport à la demi-couronne servant de plan de masse, en passant sous la fente, et l'autre extrémité de la ligne à bande reliée, à travers la feuille isolante du circuit imprimé, à l'âme d'un câble coaxial dont le conducteur extérieur, à la masse, est relié au point médian, le câble coaxial étant normal au plan de l'antenne.According to another characteristic, the antenna is produced on a double-sided printed circuit, the supply being carried out by a practically semi-circular strip line whose radius is substantially the arithmetic mean of the internal and external circles of a crown, of which , in one of the crowns, a half-crown, located entirely on one side of the axis, serves as a ground plane, with one end of the strip line connected to the excitation point located on the other side of the slot relative to the half-crown serving as ground plane, passing under the slot, and the other end of the strip line connected, through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit, to the core of a coaxial cable whose outer conductor, to ground, is connected to the midpoint, the coaxial cable being normal to the plane of the antenna.

Suivant une autre caractéristique, l'antenne est complétée par un plan réflecteur disposé derrière l'antenne, parallèlement à son plan, le câble coaxial traversant ce plan et le réflecteur pouvant être relié électriquement et mécaniquement au conducteur extérieur du câble coaxial.According to another characteristic, the antenna is completed by a reflective plane disposed behind the antenna, parallel to its plane, the coaxial cable passing through this plane and the reflector being able to be electrically and mechanically connected to the external conductor of the coaxial cable.

Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnée ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels :

  • la Figure 1a est une vue de la face rayonnante d'une antenne élémentaire suivant l'invention,
  • la Figure 1 b est une vue de côté de l'antenne de la Fig. 1 disposée devant le plan réflecteur,
  • la Figure 2 est une vue schématique d'une antenne double suivant l'invention, et
  • la Figure 3 est une vue schématique d'une antenne quadruple, suivant l'invention.
The characteristics of the invention mentioned above, as well as others, will appear more clearly on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, said description being made in relation to the accompanying drawings, among which:
  • FIG. 1a is a view of the radiating face of an elementary antenna according to the invention,
  • FIG. 1 b is a side view of the antenna of FIG. 1 placed in front of the reflecting plane,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a double antenna according to the invention, and
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a quadruple antenna, according to the invention.

L'antenne de la Fig. 1a est réalisée sur un circuit imprimé double face en verre époxy (Er 4,3) d'une épaisseur d'environ 0,3 mm. La partie rayonnante de l'antenne est constituée par deux couronnes conductrices 1 et 2 dont les cercles extérieurs 3 et 4 seraient tangents au centre de symétrie 5 de l'antenne. Les deux couronnes 1 et 2 sont de mêmes dimensions, c'est-à-dire que les diamètres de 3 et 4 sont égaux ainsi que les diamètres des cercles intérieurs 6 et 7. Dans la zone 8 où les couronnes 1 et 2 sont pratiquement tangentes, il est prévu une fente orientée suivant l'axe 10 joignant les centres 11 et 12 des couronnes. La fente 9 va du cercle 6 au cercle 7, c'est-à-dire traverse longitudinalement la zone 8.The antenna of FIG. 1a is carried out on a double-sided printed circuit in epoxy glass (Er 4.3) with a thickness of approximately 0.3 mm. The radiating part of the antenna consists of two conductive rings 1 and 2, the outer circles 3 and 4 of which are tangent to the center of symmetry 5 of the antenna. The two crowns 1 and 2 are of the same dimensions, that is to say that the diameters of 3 and 4 are equal as well as the diameters of the inner circles 6 and 7. In the zone 8 where the crowns 1 and 2 are practically tangent, there is a slot oriented along the axis 10 joining the centers 11 and 12 of the crowns. The slot 9 goes from the circle 6 to the circle 7, that is to say crosses the area 8 longitudinally.

Comme le font apparaître les segments 13 et 14, les grands cercles 3 et 4 sont, vers la zone 8, reliés entre eux avant d'atteindre la fente 9 ce qui crée une continuité électrique entre les deux couronnes de part et d'autre de la fente 9. Les segments 13 et 14 sont parallèles à l'axe 10 et sont distants l'un de l'autre d'une quantité qui est pratiquement de l'ordre de la largeur des couronnes.As shown by the segments 13 and 14, the large circles 3 and 4 are, towards the zone 8, connected together before reaching the slot 9 which creates an electrical continuity between the two crowns on either side of the slot 9. The segments 13 and 14 are parallel to the axis 10 and are spaced from each other by an amount which is practically of the order of the width of the rings.

La Fig. la montre également, à plus grande échelle, la zone 8 et, en particulier, le point d'excitation 15 de l'antenne situé sur le bord 16 de la fente 9 en face du centre de symétrie 5. Du point 15, situé du même côté du circuit imprimé que les couronnes 1 et 2, par un conducteur qui traverse la feuille isolante et est relié à une extrémité du conducteur alimenté d'une ligne à bande 17 qui passe sous la fente 9, puis en formant un coude rejoint la ligne médiane en demi-cercle de la moitié de la couronne 1 se trouvant de l'autre côté de l'axe 10 par rapport au bord 16 de la fente. Le conducteur 17 a son autre extrémité située sur l'axe 10 au milieu de la couronne 1, où elle est reliée à l'âme 18 d'un câble coaxial dont l'âme passe à travers la feuille isolante du circuit imprimé et dont le conducteur extérieur 19 est relié électriquement à la surface conductrice de la couronne 1.Fig. also shows, on a larger scale, the area 8 and, in particular, the excitation point 15 of the antenna located on the edge 16 of the slot 9 opposite the center of symmetry 5. From point 15, located same side of the printed circuit as the crowns 1 and 2, by a conductor which crosses the insulating sheet and is connected to one end of the conductor supplied with a strip line 17 which passes under the slot 9, then forming an elbow joins the half-circle center line of half of the crown 1 located on the other side of the axis 10 relative to the edge 16 of the slot. The conductor 17 has its other end located on the axis 10 in the middle of the crown 1, where it is connected to the core 18 of a coaxial cable whose core passes through the insulating sheet of the printed circuit and the outer conductor 19 is electrically connected to the conductive surface of the ring 1.

Comme le montre la Fig. 1 b, le câble coaxial 19 est perpendiculaire au plan de la feuille isolante 20 sur une face de laquelle sont imprimées les couronnes conductrices 1 et 2 tandis que sur l'autre face est imprimée la ligne 17. La Fig. 1 b montre que l'âme 18 traverse 20 tandis que 19 est soudé à 1. Par ailleurs, le câble 19 est montré passant à travers un plan réflecteur 21, parallèle au plan de la feuille 20, donc des couronnes 1 et 2. Le plan réflecteur 21, comme le conducteur extérieur 19, est à la masse, ce qui entraîne que le petit cercle 19 de la Fig. 1a est à la masse. Le réflecteur 21 peut être carré.As shown in Fig. 1 b, the coaxial cable 19 is perpendicular to the plane of the insulating sheet 20 on one side of which the conductive rings 1 and 2 are printed while on the other side is printed the line 17. FIG. 1b shows that the core 18 passes through 20 while 19 is welded to 1. Furthermore, the cable 19 is shown passing through a reflective plane 21, parallel to the plane of the sheet 20, therefore of the crowns 1 and 2. The reflective plane 21, like the external conductor 19, is grounded, which means that the small circle 19 in FIG. 1a is grounded. The reflector 21 can be square.

Dans un exemple de réalisation de l'élément rayonnant des Fig. 1a et 1b, on a prévu les dimensions suivantes :

Figure imgb0001
où m est la longueur d'onde dans le vide correspondant à la fréquence minimale de la bande passante de l'antenne utilisée au cours d'une série de mesures.In an exemplary embodiment of the radiating element of FIGS. 1a and 1b, the following dimensions have been provided:
Figure imgb0001
 where m is the wavelength in a vacuum corresponding to the minimum frequency of the bandwidth of the antenna used during a series of measurements.

Les mesures ont été'effectuées sur l'élément rayonnant dont les grandeurs géométriques sont indiquées ci-dessus, en faisant varier la fréquence de 2,1 à 3,6 GHz. Le rapport d'ondes stationnaires (R. O. S.) de l'antenne avec une impédance ramenée à 50 ohms reste inférieur à 2,5. A noter que l'on peut modifier l'impédance d'un élément rayonnant en faisant varier la largeur du brin rayonnant, c'est-à-dire la largeur des couronnes.The measurements were carried out on the radiating element, the geometric quantities of which are indicated above, by varying the frequency from 2.1 to 3.6 GHz. The standing wave ratio (R.O. S.) of the antenna with an impedance reduced to 50 ohms remains less than 2.5. Note that the impedance of a radiating element can be modified by varying the width of the radiating strand, that is to say the width of the rings.

On a mesuré les ouvertures des diagrammes de directivité à 3 dB dans les plans E, normal à la fente 9, et H, contenant l'axe 10, et obtenu les résultats du tableau suivant :

  • f(GHz) 2,1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,9 3 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6
  • Plan H 63° 52° 58° 56° 53° 50° 41 ° 50° 40° 46° 40° 37° 41 ° 30° 38° 27°
  • Plan E 68° 63° 66° 65° 60° 60° 53° 55° 54° 60° 61° 57° 60° 47° 60° 54°
  • A titre d'information, les ouvertures d'un doublet classique demi-onde disposé parallèlement à un plan réflecteur distant d'un quart d'onde sont, à 3 dB, respectivement 6E = 72° et 6H = 120°.
The openings of the directivity diagrams were measured at 3 dB in the planes E, normal to the slot 9, and H, containing the axis 10, and obtained the results of the following table:
  • f (GHz) 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
  • Plan H 63 ° 52 ° 58 ° 56 ° 53 ° 50 ° 41 ° 50 ° 40 ° 46 ° 40 ° 37 ° 41 ° 30 ° 38 ° 27 °
  • Plan E 68 ° 63 ° 66 ° 65 ° 60 ° 60 ° 53 ° 55 ° 54 ° 60 ° 61 ° 57 ° 60 ° 47 ° 60 ° 54 °
  • For information, the openings of a conventional half-wave doublet arranged parallel to a reflective plane distant by a quarter wave are, at 3 dB, 6 E = 72 ° and 6 H = 120 ° respectively.

En outre, les diagrammes de rayonnement de l'antenne ne présentent qu'un lobe principal et aucun lobe secondaire dans la gamme de fréquences considérée. La directivité calculée à partir des diagrammes est comprise entre 10 dB pour les fréquences les plus basses et 14,7 pour la fréquence la plus haute. La valeur moyenne de la directivité est, en milieu de bande, supérieure à 12 dB.In addition, the antenna radiation patterns show only one main lobe and no secondary lobe in the frequency range considered. The directivity calculated from the diagrams is between 10 dB for the lowest frequencies and 14.7 for the highest frequency. The average value of the directivity is, in the middle of the band, greater than 12 dB.

De préférence, la distance entre les segments 13 et 14 est aussi réduite que possible. En effet, ils ont tendance à déformer les lobes. Toutefois, on ne peut les réduire au-dessous d'une certaine limite pour permettre le passage de la ligne 17, avec son coude, dans la zone 8. De préférence, la distance entre 13 et 14 est choisie inférieure à la largeur des brins, c'est-à-dire des couronnes. A noter que la réduction de la largeur des brins permet d'augmenter l'impédance du rayonnement. Toutefois, pour une constante diélectrique de la feuille 20 donnée, une réduction de la largeur des brins doit s'accompagner d'une réduction de la ligne 17 pour que la ligne à bande 17 fonctionne dans de bonnes conditions. La réduction de la largeur des brins a donc une limite du point de vue fonctionnement pratique. La réduction de la largeur de la fente 9 a un effet capacitif sur l'impédance.Preferably, the distance between the segments 13 and 14 is as small as possible. Indeed, they tend to deform the lobes. However, they cannot be reduced below a certain limit to allow the passage of line 17, with its elbow, in zone 8. Preferably, the distance between 13 and 14 is chosen to be less than the width of the strands. , that is, crowns. Note that reducing the width of the strands increases the impedance of the radiation. However, for a given dielectric constant of the sheet 20, a reduction in the width of the strands must be accompanied by a reduction in the line 17 in order for the strip line 17 to function under good conditions. The reduction in the width of the strands therefore has a limit from the point of view of practical operation. Reducing the width of the slot 9 has a capacitive effect on the impedance.

La Fig. 2 montre un réseau de deux éléments rayonnants de la Fig. 1 qui sont alignés suivant l'axe 10. Le premier élément 22 comprend comme celui de la Fig. 1 deux couronnes 1 et 2 tandis que le second élément 23 comprend deux couronnes 1' et 2' qui sont respectivement symétriques des couronnes 1 et 2 par rapport à la droite 24 perpendiculaire à l'axe 10 au point de tangence externe de la couronne 1. Les couronnes 1 et 1' sont tangentes. Le câble d'alimentation 25 aboutit au point d'intersection de 10 et 24, avec son conducteur extérieur soudé aux plaques des couronnes 1 et 2. En pratique, autour du point de tangence de 1 et 1', la plaque a une certaine largeur, dans le sens de 24, limitée par des segments 26 et 27 dont la distance peut être plus faible que celle de 13 et 14. L'âme 28 du câble 25 est reliée, de l'autre côté de la feuille diélectrique, à deux petits segments 29 et 29' symétriques et orientés suivant 10, le segment 29 étant relié à la ligne à bande 17 et le segment 29' à une ligne à bande 17', symétrique de 17. Par ailleurs, on retrouve la fente 9 et sa symétrique 9', ainsi que le point d'excitation 15 et son symétrique 15'.Fig. 2 shows an array of two radiating elements of FIG. 1 which are aligned along the axis 10. The first element 22 includes, like that of FIG. 1 two crowns 1 and 2 while the second element 23 comprises two crowns 1 'and 2' which are respectively symmetrical with the crowns 1 and 2 with respect to the straight line 24 perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of external tangency of the crown 1 Crowns 1 and 1 'are tangent. The power cable 25 ends at the point of intersection of 10 and 24, with its outer conductor welded to the plates of the crowns 1 and 2. In practice, around the point of tangency of 1 and 1 ′, the plate has a certain width , in the direction of 24, limited by segments 26 and 27, the distance of which may be less than that of 13 and 14. The core 28 of the cable 25 is connected, on the other side of the dielectric sheet, to two small segments 29 and 29 'symmetrical and oriented along 10, the segment 29 being connected to the strip line 17 and the segment 29' to a strip line 17 ', symmetrical with 17. Furthermore, there is the slot 9 and its symmetrical 9 ', as well as the excitation point 15 and its symmetrical 15'.

En supposant que l'élément 22 a des dimensions extérieures identiques à celles de l'élément de la Fig. 1, on peut alimenter le réseau de deux éléments par un câble 25 ayant une impédance de 100 ohms, à condition de choisir convenablement la largeur des brins, c'est-à-dire plus faible que dans l'élément de la Fig. 1.Assuming that the element 22 has external dimensions identical to those of the element in FIG. 1, the network of two elements can be supplied by a cable 25 having an impedance of 100 ohms, provided that the width of the strands is chosen correctly, that is to say narrower than in the element in FIG. 1.

En effectuant sur l'antenne de la Fig. 2 les mêmes mesures que sur celles de la Fig. 1, on obtient les résultats suivants :

  • f(GHz) 2.1 2,2 2,3 2,4 2,5 2,6 2,7 2,8 2,9 3 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 3,5 3,6
  • Plan H 31' 26° 24° 27° 22° 27° 21° 25° 23° 22° 23° 18° 23° 16° 20° 16°
  • Plan E 68' 63° 65" 65° 60° 60° 53° 55° 54° 60° 61° 57° 60° 48° 60° 54°
By performing on the antenna of FIG. 2 the same measurements as on those of FIG. 1, the following results are obtained:
  • f (GHz) 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
  • Plan H 31 '26 ° 24 ° 27 ° 22 ° 27 ° 21 ° 25 ° 23 ° 22 ° 23 ° 18 ° 23 ° 16 ° 20 ° 16 °
  • Plan E 68 '63 ° 65 "65 ° 60 ° 60 ° 53 ° 55 ° 54 ° 60 ° 61 ° 57 ° 60 ° 48 ° 60 ° 54 °

On constate que les ouvertures obtenues dans le plan H sont les mêmes pour la gamme de fréquences que précédemment, comprises entre 16° et 26° soit sensiblement la moitié de l'élément rayonnant isolé. A noter que, pour la fréquence de 3,2 GHz, on obtient des lobes secondaires plus bas que
prévus, soit - 20 dB, au lieu de 13,2 dB ordinairement obtenus.It can be seen that the openings obtained in the H plane are the same for the frequency range as above, between 16 ° and 26 °, ie substantially half of the element radiant isolated. Note that, for the frequency of 3.2 GHz, lower lobes are obtained than
expected, ie - 20 dB, instead of 13.2 dB usually obtained.

On constate également que, grâce à la continuité physique et électrique entre les éléments rayonnants autour de leur point de tangence, on peut, notamment en utilisant des alimentations à ligne à bande, obtenir un système d'alimentation extrêmement simple et apportant moins de pertes que dans les réseaux connus.It is also noted that, thanks to the physical and electrical continuity between the radiating elements around their point of tangency, it is possible, in particular by using strip line power supplies, to obtain an extremely simple power supply system and bringing less losses than in known networks.

La Fig. 3 montre un réseau de quatre éléments rayonnants de la Fig. 1 qui constituent deux paires d'antennes de la Fig. 2. Ce réseau comprend les éléments 30, 31, 32 et 33, qui sont respectivement tangents deux à deux. Un câble d'alimentation 34 est relié au point de tangence des éléments 31 et 32. Son âme est, cette fois reliée à deux lignes à bande symétriques par rapport à la droite35, perpendiculaire à l'axe 10 au point de tangence de 31 et 32. Ces lignes 36 et 36' sont également symétriques des lignes 17 et 17' de l'antenne de la Fig. 2 par rapport à l'axe 10, c'est-à-dire qu'elles courent sous les moitiés de couronnes qui comprennent le point d'excitation. Dans la zone de la fente de l'élément rayonnant 31, la ligne 36 passe à une certaine distance du point d'excitation 37 et se prolonge sous la moitié de couronne adjacente pour atteindre le point de tangence 38 des éléments 30 et 31 où elle est dérivée en deux lignes 39 et 40, tout à fait analogues à 17 et 17', dont les extrémités sont les points d'excitation 37 de 31 et 41 de 30. A partir de la ligne 36', on trouve également les lignes symétriques 39' et 40' aboutissant, à partir de 38', point de tangence de 32 et 33, aux points d'excitation 38' de 32 et 41' de 33.Fig. 3 shows an array of four radiating elements in FIG. 1 which constitute two pairs of antennas in FIG. 2. This network comprises the elements 30, 31, 32 and 33, which are respectively tangent two by two. A supply cable 34 is connected to the point of tangency of the elements 31 and 32. Its core is, this time connected to two strip lines symmetrical with respect to the straight line35, perpendicular to the axis 10 at the point of tangency of 31 and 32. These lines 36 and 36 'are also symmetrical with the lines 17 and 17' of the antenna of FIG. 2 relative to the axis 10, that is to say that they run under the halves of crowns which include the point of excitation. In the region of the slot of the radiating element 31, the line 36 passes at a certain distance from the excitation point 37 and extends under the adjacent crown half to reach the point of tangency 38 of the elements 30 and 31 where it is derived in two lines 39 and 40, quite similar to 17 and 17 ', the ends of which are the excitation points 37 of 31 and 41 of 30. From line 36', we also find the symmetrical lines 39 'and 40' ending, from 38 ', point of tangency of 32 and 33, at excitation points 38' of 32 and 41 'of 33.

Il apparaît donc que l'élément rayonnant de l'invention permet simplement, en utilisant la technique des lignes à bandes, de réaliser des réseaux à grand nombre d'éléments.It therefore appears that the radiating element of the invention simply makes it possible, using the strip line technique, to produce networks with a large number of elements.

Il faut par ailleurs noter, en se référant à nouveau à l'élément rayonnant de la Fig. 1a, que le point 42 situé sur l'axe 10 et symétrique du point 18 par rapport à la tangente commune à 1 et 2 peut sans inconvénient être mis à la masse, c'est-à-dire relié au réflecteur 21, et cela pour des raisons de symétrie. Cette remarque permet d'envisager d'alimenter l'élément par deux câbles, l'un aboutissant en 18 et l'autre en 42, l'âme de ce dernier étant réunie au point 15 par une ligne à bande symétrique de 17 sous la moitié correspondante de la couronne 2. Cette remarque peut également être mise à profit dans l'antenne de la Fig. 3 en prévoyant des câbles aboutissant aux points 38 et 38'.It should also be noted, referring again to the radiating element of FIG. 1a, that the point 42 located on the axis 10 and symmetrical with the point 18 with respect to the tangent common to 1 and 2 can without disadvantage be earthed, that is to say connected to the reflector 21, and this for reasons of symmetry. This remark makes it possible to envisage supplying the element with two cables, one ending at 18 and the other at 42, the core of the latter being joined at point 15 by a line with a symmetrical strip of 17 under the corresponding half of the crown 2. This remark can also be used in the antenna of FIG. 3 by providing cables leading to points 38 and 38 '.

Il faut encore noter que l'élément rayonnant des Fig. 1a et 1b peut à des fréquences supérieures être utilisé, en réduisant ses dimensions en conséquence, dans des cavités de mesure.It should also be noted that the radiating element of FIGS. 1a and 1b can be used at higher frequencies, reducing its dimensions accordingly, in measuring cavities.

Claims (5)

1. A sheet antenna having two symmetrical openings with a slit (9) connecting the two openings, the slit (9) being oriented along the axis (10) joining the centers (11, 12) of the openings, characterized in that it is comprised of two tangent circular rings (1, 2), the two rings being electrically connected to each other in the tangency area (8), the length of which (between 13 and 14) is of about the same value as the width of the rings (1, 2) in the direction perpendicular to said axis (10), one edge (16) of said slit (9) being energized at a point near the center of symmetry (5) of the antenna while the middle point of at least one ring (1) located on said axis (10) in an area that is diametrically opposed to said center of symmetry (5) is grounded.
2. An antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a double face printed circuit board (20), the feeding being implemented with a substantially semi-circular strip line (17), the radius of which is approximately the arithmetic means of the ring inside (6) and outside (4), with, in one (1) of the rings, an half-ring entirely located on one side of said axis (10) serving as a ground plane, with one end (15) of said strip line (17) being connected in running under the slit (9) to the energization point located on the other side of the slit (9) relative to the half-ring serving as a ground plane, and the other end of the strip line (17) being connected, through the insulating sheet (20) of said printed circuit board, to the central conductor (18) of a coaxial cable the outside conductor (19) of which is grounded and connected to said middle point, the coaxial cable being normal to the plane of the antenna.
3. An antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is supplemented with a reflecting plane (21) located behind the antenna, in a position parallel to the plane of the antenna, the coaxial cable (18, 19) passing through that plane, the reflecting plane (21) possibly being electrically and mechanically connected to the outside conductor (19) of said coaxial cable.
4. An antenna according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, on the other ring (2), the point (42) that is symmetrical with said middle point relative to the center of symmetry (5) of the antenna is electrically and mechanically connected to said reflecting plane (21).
5. An array of antennas according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of such antennas (30-34), the slits of which are lined up, the antennas being tangent and fed with strip lines (36, 39, 40, 36', 39', 40').
EP79400907A 1978-11-27 1979-11-23 Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings Expired EP0012645B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT79400907T ATE3923T1 (en) 1978-11-27 1979-11-23 ANTENNA MADE OF TWO CIRCULAR FLAT RINGS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR7834424 1978-11-27
FR7834424A FR2442520A1 (en) 1978-11-27 1978-11-27 PLATE ANTENNA WITH DOUBLE CIRCULAR LOOPS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0012645A1 EP0012645A1 (en) 1980-06-25
EP0012645B1 true EP0012645B1 (en) 1983-06-22

Family

ID=9215772

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP79400907A Expired EP0012645B1 (en) 1978-11-27 1979-11-23 Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings

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US (1) US4443805A (en)
EP (1) EP0012645B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE3923T1 (en)
DE (1) DE2965766D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2442520A1 (en)

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GB2113476B (en) * 1982-01-15 1985-07-03 Marconi Co Ltd Antenna arrangement
US4479127A (en) * 1982-08-30 1984-10-23 Gte Products Corporation Bi-loop antenna system
FR2556510B1 (en) * 1983-12-13 1986-08-01 Thomson Csf PERIODIC PLANE ANTENNA
EP0184235A1 (en) * 1984-11-08 1986-06-11 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Vor antenna design
WO1988009065A1 (en) * 1987-05-08 1988-11-17 Darrell Coleman Broad frequency range aerial
GB9222213D0 (en) * 1992-10-22 1992-12-02 Pilkington Glass Ltd Translucent article having induction loop antenna
US5872546A (en) * 1995-09-27 1999-02-16 Ntt Mobile Communications Network Inc. Broadband antenna using a semicircular radiator
US6259416B1 (en) 1997-04-09 2001-07-10 Superpass Company Inc. Wideband slot-loop antennas for wireless communication systems
FR2775127A1 (en) * 1998-02-17 1999-08-20 Tekelec Temex Isolated slab antenna construction
FR2775128B1 (en) * 1998-02-19 2000-05-05 Henri Havot MINIATURIZED ANTENNA
FR2779011B1 (en) * 1998-05-19 2000-09-15 Henri Havot ANTENNA IN PLATES WITH DOUBLE CIRCULAR LOOPS EXCITED BY CAPACITY
US20100207831A1 (en) * 2009-02-18 2010-08-19 Wu Huei-Chi Loop Dipole Antenna Module
JP4952835B2 (en) * 2009-11-20 2012-06-13 株式会社デンソー Modified folded dipole antenna, impedance adjustment method thereof, and antenna device
RU2465696C1 (en) * 2011-09-13 2012-10-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Мурманский государственный технический университет" (ФГБОУ ВПО "МГТУ") High bandpass response shortened horizontal dipole

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BE472157A (en) * 1945-08-13
US2935747A (en) * 1956-03-05 1960-05-03 Rca Corp Broadband antenna system
GB853472A (en) * 1956-04-07 1960-11-09 Emi Ltd Improvements in or relating to aerials
JPS5119948B1 (en) * 1970-11-21 1976-06-21
NL7300260A (en) * 1972-01-10 1973-07-12
FR2279233A1 (en) * 1974-07-18 1976-02-13 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED THICK SHORTCUT
FR2298200A1 (en) * 1975-01-17 1976-08-13 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED THICK TUNABLE IN A FREQUENCY BAND OF TWO OCTAVES
FR2311422A1 (en) * 1975-05-15 1976-12-10 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED IN PLATES

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4443805A (en) 1984-04-17
ATE3923T1 (en) 1983-07-15
EP0012645A1 (en) 1980-06-25
FR2442520B1 (en) 1983-02-25
DE2965766D1 (en) 1983-07-28
FR2442520A1 (en) 1980-06-20

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