EP0938157A1 - Miniaturised antenna - Google Patents

Miniaturised antenna Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0938157A1
EP0938157A1 EP99460010A EP99460010A EP0938157A1 EP 0938157 A1 EP0938157 A1 EP 0938157A1 EP 99460010 A EP99460010 A EP 99460010A EP 99460010 A EP99460010 A EP 99460010A EP 0938157 A1 EP0938157 A1 EP 0938157A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
capacity
directly
localized
excited
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP99460010A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Henri Albert Paul Havot
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0938157A1 publication Critical patent/EP0938157A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means
    • H01Q9/0457—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means electromagnetically coupled to the feed line

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna miniaturized with controlled impedance.
  • This antenna can be very small compared to the wavelength. His Characteristic impedance is obtained whatever his value.
  • the antenna according to the invention consists of at least minus two radiating elements excited by a capacity localized, a second capacity being put directly between the two radiating strands of the antenna. This ability allows you to vary the tuning frequency of the antenna.
  • a reflector plane is arranged behind the antenna, in parallel to his plan, at a distance which can vary according to the desired performances, and, always, lower than a quarter wave.
  • the antenna consists of more than two radiating elements, at minus two of them being excited by a capacity which can be performed, either directly by the excitation line, either by localized capacity.
  • the antenna according to the invention can be in plate.
  • the present invention makes it possible to put debt antenna very close to a reflecting plane. Indeed, more the distance between the antenna and the reflector is reduced, the more the working frequency increases. To get tuning at the desired frequency, we just have to adjust the antenna with the two capacities according to the invention, this is done at the expense of bandwidth which becomes smaller and whose gain becomes mediocre.
  • miniaturization makes it possible to achieve systems for which very little gain is required: see access control, presence detector in habitats, movement of cars in parking lots, etc.
  • the possibility of placing the antenna at a distance chosen reflector plane allows concealment of it behind a painting, a frame, or any other object transparent to propagation.
  • parts 3 and 4 are the radiating strands of the antenna, separated by a slot at the point 2.
  • This slot via with a capacity C1 between strands 3 and 4, which allows to vary the tuning of resonance of the antenna.
  • This antenna is supplied by a line point 1 (Fig. 3) Characteristic impedance, on the other side of the circuit and connected by another capacitor C2 on strand 4 (Fig. 3). This ability can be achieved from the tip of the supply line point 1, when this is of low value.
  • the feed entry point is located at midpoint 5 (Fig. 3) of the antenna, because this point is cold. Indeed when we cross the slit, strand 4 becomes positive and strand 3 negative, so at midpoint 5, the currents cancel each other out, this phenomenon is known in the prior art.

Abstract

A network of antennas can be formed on the two faces of a double printed circuit board within a very small space compared to a wavelength.

Description

La présente invention concerne une antenne miniaturisée à Impédance maitrisée. Cette antenne peut être très petite par rapport à la longueur d'onde. Son Impédance caractéristique est obtenue quelle que soit sa valeur.The present invention relates to an antenna miniaturized with controlled impedance. This antenna can be very small compared to the wavelength. His Characteristic impedance is obtained whatever his value.

L'antenne selon l'invention est constituée d'au moins deux éléments rayonnants excités par une capacité localisée, une seconde capacité étant mise directement entre les deux brins rayonnants de l'antenne. Cette capacité permet de faire varier la fréquence d'accord de l'antenne.The antenna according to the invention consists of at least minus two radiating elements excited by a capacity localized, a second capacity being put directly between the two radiating strands of the antenna. This ability allows you to vary the tuning frequency of the antenna.

Selon un mode de réalisation préférentiel, un plan réflecteur est disposé derrière l'antenne, parallèlement à son plan, à une distance pouvant varier suivant les performances recherchées, et, toujours, inférieure à un quart d'onde.According to a preferred embodiment, a reflector plane is arranged behind the antenna, in parallel to his plan, at a distance which can vary according to the desired performances, and, always, lower than a quarter wave.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'antenne est constituée de plus de deux éléments rayonnants, au moins deux d'entre eux étant excités par une capacité qui peut être réalisée, soit directement par la ligne d'excitation, soit par une capacité localisée.According to another embodiment, the antenna consists of more than two radiating elements, at minus two of them being excited by a capacity which can be performed, either directly by the excitation line, either by localized capacity.

L'antenne, selon l'invention, peut être en plaque.The antenna according to the invention can be in plate.

Dans notre cas, nous avons pris une Impédance Zc de 50 Ω pour faciliter les mesures, nous aurions pu prendre une toute autre Impédance, suivant les besoins.In our case, we took an Impedance Z c of 50 Ω to facilitate the measurements, we could have taken a completely different Impedance, as required.

La miniaturisation des dimensions des antennes n'a d'intérêt, que pour des fréquences allant jusqu'à environ quelques centaines de MHz. La réduction des dimensions de l'antenne conduit à une bande passante très étroite. La figure 1 représente la bande passante d'une antenne centrée sur 100 MHz, nous pouvons dire que cette bande est de quelques KHz pour un TOS de 2. La figure 2 représente l'Impédance mesurée. Les dimensions de l'antenne sont réduites dans un rapport de 10, environ. Le gain de l 'antenne devient très faible.Miniaturization of antenna dimensions is only of interest for frequencies up to about a few hundred MHz. The reduction of dimensions of the antenna leads to a very high bandwidth narrow. Figure 1 shows the bandwidth of a antenna centered on 100 MHz we can say that this band is a few KHz for a TOS of 2. Figure 2 represents the Impedance measured. The dimensions of the antenna are reduced in a ratio of about 10. The gain of the antenna becomes very weak.

La présente invention permet de mettre dette antenne très proche d'un plan réflecteur. En effet, plus on diminue la distance entre l'antenne et le réflecteur, plus la fréquence de travail augmente. Pour obtenir l'accord à la fréquence voulue, il nous suffit de régler l'antenne avec les deux capacités conformes à l'invention, cela se fait au détriment de la bande passante qui devient plus petite et dont le gain devient médiocre.The present invention makes it possible to put debt antenna very close to a reflecting plane. Indeed, more the distance between the antenna and the reflector is reduced, the more the working frequency increases. To get tuning at the desired frequency, we just have to adjust the antenna with the two capacities according to the invention, this is done at the expense of bandwidth which becomes smaller and whose gain becomes mediocre.

Cependant, la miniaturisation permet de réaliser des systèmes dont on demande très peu de gain : voir contrôle d'accès, détecteur de présence dans les habitats, déplacements de voitures dans les parkings, etc...However, miniaturization makes it possible to achieve systems for which very little gain is required: see access control, presence detector in habitats, movement of cars in parking lots, etc.

La possibilité de plaquer l'antenne à la distance choisie du plan réflecteur permet une dissimulation de celle-ci derrière un tableau, un cadre, ou tout autre objet transparent à la propagation.The possibility of placing the antenna at a distance chosen reflector plane allows concealment of it behind a painting, a frame, or any other object transparent to propagation.

La réduction des dimensions permet de travailler dans des fréquences basses, voir 40 MHz, ce qui permet de réaliser des antennes dont l'encombrement est très petit, cette réduction est modulable, voir dans un rapport de plus de 10 et plus.The reduction in dimensions makes it possible to work in low frequencies, see 40 MHz, which allows make antennas with a very small footprint, this reduction is flexible, see in a report over 10 and over.

Nous avons réalisé plusieurs maquettes qui confirment l'invention. A titre d'exemple, nous avons réalisé une antenne dont la fréquence est très employée pour beaucoup de systèmes de protections, d'ouvertures de portes, etc... Cette antenne est réalisée sur substrat verre époxy métalisé sur les deux faces, son épaisseur est de dimension standard, soit 16/10 de mm.We made several models which confirm the invention. As an example, we have made an antenna whose frequency is widely used for many protection systems, openings doors, etc ... This antenna is made on substrate metallic epoxy glass on both sides, its thickness is standard size, i.e. 16/10 mm.

Sur la figure 3, les parties 3 et 4 sont les brins rayonnants de l'antenne, séparés par une fente au point 2. Nous réunissons cette fente par l'intermédiaire d'une capacité C1 entre les brins 3 et 4, ce qui nous permet de faire varier l'accord de résonance de l'antenne. Cette antenne est alimentée par une ligne point 1 (Fig. 3) d'Impédance caractéristique, sur l'autre face du circuit et raccordée par une autre capacité C2 sur le brin 4 (Fig. 3). Cette capacité peut être réalisée par le bout de la ligne d'alimentation point 1, lorsque celle-ci est de faible valeur. Le point d'entrée de l'alimentation est situé au point milieu 5 (Fig. 3) de l'antenne, car ce point est froid. En effet, lorsque nous traversons la fente, le brin 4 devient positif et le brin 3 négatif, donc au point milieu 5, les courants s'annulent, ce phénomène est connu dans l'art antérieur.In Figure 3, parts 3 and 4 are the radiating strands of the antenna, separated by a slot at the point 2. We assemble this slot via with a capacity C1 between strands 3 and 4, which allows to vary the tuning of resonance of the antenna. This antenna is supplied by a line point 1 (Fig. 3) Characteristic impedance, on the other side of the circuit and connected by another capacitor C2 on strand 4 (Fig. 3). This ability can be achieved from the tip of the supply line point 1, when this is of low value. The feed entry point is located at midpoint 5 (Fig. 3) of the antenna, because this point is cold. Indeed when we cross the slit, strand 4 becomes positive and strand 3 negative, so at midpoint 5, the currents cancel each other out, this phenomenon is known in the prior art.

Sur la figure 4 et sur la figure 5, nous constatons la bonne adaptation et la bonne Impédance de cette antenne, dont les dimensions géométriques sont réduites dans un rapport de 10 en regard de la longueur d'onde.In Figure 4 and in Figure 5, we see the right adaptation and the right impedance of this antenna, whose geometric dimensions are reduced in a ratio of 10 with respect to the wavelength.

Claims (4)

Antenne caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée d'au moins deux éléments rayonnants excités par une capacité qui peut être réalisée, soit directement par la ligne d'excitation, soit par une capacité localisée, une seconde capacité est mise directement entre les deux brins rayonnants de l'antenne. Cette capacité permet de faire varier la fréquence d'accord de l'antenne.Antenna characterized in that it is consisting of at least two radiating elements excited by a capacity that can be realized, either directly by the excitation line, either by a localized capacity, a second capacity is put directly between the two radiating strands of the antenna. This capacity allows to vary the tuning frequency of the antenna. Antenne suivant la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce qu'elle est complètée par un plan réflecteur disposé derrière l'antenne, parallèlement à son plan, à une distance pouvant varier suivant les performances recherchées et toujours inférieures à un quart d'onde.Antenna according to claim 1 characterized in that it is supplemented by a reflecting plane arranged behind the antenna, parallel to its plan, at a distance that can vary depending on performance sought after and always less than a quarter wave. Antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est constituée de plus de deux éléments rayonnants, au moins deux d'entre eux étant excités par une capacité qui peut être réalisée, soit directement par la ligne d'excitation, soit par une capacité localisée.Antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it consists of more than two radiating elements, at least two of them being excited by a capacity that can be realized either directly by the excitation line, either by a capacity localized. Antenne, selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est en plaque.Antenna according to either of the claims previous, characterized in that it is in plate.
EP99460010A 1998-02-19 1999-02-12 Miniaturised antenna Withdrawn EP0938157A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9802234 1998-02-19
FR9802234A FR2775128B1 (en) 1998-02-19 1998-02-19 MINIATURIZED ANTENNA

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EP0938157A1 true EP0938157A1 (en) 1999-08-25

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FR (1) FR2775128B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2843653A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-20 Zbigniew Sagan Plate antenna for electronic apparatus has sheet of insulating material with loop-shaped radiating element on one side and feed line on other

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2298200A1 (en) * 1975-01-17 1976-08-13 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED THICK TUNABLE IN A FREQUENCY BAND OF TWO OCTAVES
EP0012645A1 (en) * 1978-11-27 1980-06-25 Henri Albert Paul Havot Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings
WO1995006962A1 (en) * 1993-09-02 1995-03-09 International Mobile Satellite Organization A folder dipole antenna

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2298200A1 (en) * 1975-01-17 1976-08-13 France Etat DOUBLET FOLDED THICK TUNABLE IN A FREQUENCY BAND OF TWO OCTAVES
EP0012645A1 (en) * 1978-11-27 1980-06-25 Henri Albert Paul Havot Sheet antenna composed of two circular rings
WO1995006962A1 (en) * 1993-09-02 1995-03-09 International Mobile Satellite Organization A folder dipole antenna

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DUBOST G ET AL: "Theory and applications of broadband microstrip antennas", 6TH EUROPEAN MICROWAVE CONFERENCE, 14 September 1976 (1976-09-14) - 17 September 1976 (1976-09-17), Rome, Italy, pages 175 - 279, XP002082334 *
DUBOST G: "A TUNEABLE THICK FOLDED-DIPOLE OPERATING IN TWO OCTAVES", IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, 1975, Urbana-Champaign, USA, pages 248 - 251, XP002082335 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2843653A1 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-20 Zbigniew Sagan Plate antenna for electronic apparatus has sheet of insulating material with loop-shaped radiating element on one side and feed line on other
WO2004017463A2 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-02-26 Zbigniew Sagan Electronic apparatus with patch antenna
WO2004017463A3 (en) * 2002-08-14 2004-05-06 Zbigniew Sagan Electronic apparatus with patch antenna

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Publication number Publication date
FR2775128B1 (en) 2000-05-05
FR2775128A1 (en) 1999-08-20

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