WO2022229257A2 - Optisches system für schwebende hologramme - Google Patents
Optisches system für schwebende hologramme Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022229257A2 WO2022229257A2 PCT/EP2022/061197 EP2022061197W WO2022229257A2 WO 2022229257 A2 WO2022229257 A2 WO 2022229257A2 EP 2022061197 W EP2022061197 W EP 2022061197W WO 2022229257 A2 WO2022229257 A2 WO 2022229257A2
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Classifications
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- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
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- B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
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- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
- B60Q3/10—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards
- B60Q3/14—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards lighting through the surface to be illuminated
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- B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
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Definitions
- Various examples relate to a system that includes multiple holographic optical elements to create a floating hologram.
- a system of multiple HOEs is used to create a high quality hologram.
- an imaging HOE that is set up by suitable exposure such that it generates a hologram with a desired motif when subsequently illuminated can be used.
- a light-shaping HOE can be used; the light that illuminates the imaging HOE can be shaped by the light-shaping HOE.
- An optical system thus includes an imaging HOE.
- the imaging HOE is set up to create a floating hologram based on light. This floating hologram is placed in a volume outside of the imaging HOE.
- the optical system includes a light source.
- the light source is set up to emit the light along a beam path to the imaging HOE.
- the optical system also includes a light-shaping HOE. This is arranged in the beam path between the light source and the imaging HOE and is set up to apply one or more light-shaping functionalities to the light.
- exemplary light-shaping functionalities are, for example: spectral filtering, ie selection of a smaller wavelength range of the incident light; Filtering in angular space, that is, for example, selection of a smaller angular spectrum with which the light propagates along the beam path; as well as arrangement of the light in spatial space, for example to deflect the light towards the imaging HOE and/or to illuminate the imaging HOE homogeneously.
- a method of manufacturing an optical system includes providing an imaging HOE. This is set up to create a floating hologram based on light. The levitated hologram is placed in a volume outside of the imaging HOE. The method also includes providing a light source. This is set up to the light along a beam path to send imaging HOE. The method also includes providing a light shaping HOE. This is arranged in the beam path between the light source and the imaging HOE and set up to apply one or more light-shaping functionalities to the light.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical system including a light-shaping HOE and an imaging HOE in series along a ray path of light, according to various examples.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 1 according to various examples.
- FIG. 3 illustrates spectral filtering that can be provided by the light-shaping HOE according to various examples.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 1 according to various examples.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 1 according to various examples.
- FIG. 6A illustrates an exemplary integration of an optical system according to various examples in an interior screen of a motor vehicle.
- FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the implementation of the optical system of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example method.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an optical system including a light-shaping HOE and an imaging HOE in series along a ray path of light, and an optical fiber, according to various examples.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 8 according to various examples.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 8 according to various examples.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an optical system according to various examples, comprising multiple optical channels.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an optical system according to various examples, including multiple optical channels.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an optical system according to various examples, comprising multiple optical channels.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 16 is a side view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the implementation of the optical system of FIG. 16
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the implementation of the optical system of FIG. 18
- FIG. 20 schematically illustrates a controller for multiple optical channels according to various examples.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart of an example method.
- the hologram can display an image, such as a button or a sign.
- the hologram could also reflect several image motifs. For example, a picture could be composed of several motifs, or separate motifs could be displayed.
- an optical system which includes several HOE.
- the hologram which is generated by means of a corresponding optical system, can have a particularly large floating height and/or a particularly large depth effect.
- a distance between a volume, in which the hologram is displayed when an imaging HOE is suitably illuminated, and the imaging HOE can be no smaller than 60% of the lateral dimensions (perpendicular to the pitch) of a refractive index modulated region of the imaging HOE.
- the hologram can have one or more image motifs.
- the ver different image motifs can be generated by light that has passed through different beam paths.
- the imaging HOE can be implemented as a volume HOE, i.e. having a variation of the refractive index in 3-D.
- a corresponding refractive index modulated area has a 3-D expansion. This variation in refractive index breaks the light with a diffraction pattern, thereby forming the hologram.
- the bulk HOE is distinguished from a surface HOE, where modulation of the surface of a substrate gives rise to the diffraction pattern. For example, the surface could be wavy.
- the imaging HOE can be implemented as a transmission HOE or as a reflection HOE.
- a transmission HOE the refractive index modulated region is illuminated from one side and the hologram is generated in a volume facing the opposite side.
- reflection HOE the refractive index modulated region is illuminated from one side and the hologram is created in a volume facing the same side.
- the imaging HOE has a substrate (made of a transparent material that is optically denser than air) on which the refractive index modulated region is deposited.
- the beam path is coupled into the substrate on the narrow side, then passes through the substrate - eg glass or polymethyl methacrylate - before it hits the refractive index-modulated area.
- the substrate has a layer thickness that is significantly greater than the layer thickness of the refractive index-modulated area.
- the so-called reconstruction angle describes the angle at which the light hits the refractive index-modulated area. This can be along a surface of the be arranged imaging HOE. Light that is not diffracted by the refractive index modulated region to create the hologram can then experience total reflection at the surface of the imaging HOE and be reflected back into the substrate.
- an absorbing material absorbs such light that is reflected back (beam dump); as a result, the reproduction of the hologram is not disturbed by "background light”.
- the substrate in other examples, however, it would also be conceivable for the substrate to implement an optical waveguide.
- the light reflected back at the surface of the imaging HOE is then reflected at another surface of the optical fiber and impinges again on the imaging HOE.
- the optical waveguide can thus be arranged below the imaging HOE and can extend along the imaging HOE, and the light propagating in the optical waveguide can be used to illuminate the imaging HOE.
- the imaging HOE is attached to an outer surface of the optical waveguide. This enables a particularly compact design because the thickness of the substrate forming the optical waveguide can be less than the lateral dimensions of the imaging HOE. For example, it would be conceivable that a thickness of the optical fiber perpendicular to the imaging HOE (ie along a direction extending away from the imaging HOE) is no greater than 20% of a length of the imaging HOE along the optical fiber.
- the optical system can include a light source. This is set up to emit the light along a beam path to the imaging HOE.
- the beam path can be defined, for example, by the optical axis of the corresponding optical channel with the optical components. The light propagates along the beam path towards the imaging HOE.
- the light source preferably emits light in the visible spectrum, in particular between 380 nm and 780 nm.
- one or more light emitting diodes may be used as the light source.
- Light-emitting diodes are particularly simple, long-lasting and inexpensive and have sufficient optical properties, in particular with regard to the coherence of the emitted light, for a large number of lighting functions, in particular a special holographic lighting function. LEDs are particularly efficient.
- a light emitting diode could have a light emitter (active area that emits photons) that has dimensions between 0.5 x 0.5 mm 2 and 1 x 1 mm 2 . It can be particularly advantageous to use small emitter areas for the applications mentioned.
- the reconstruction wave - i.e. the wave front of the light during illumination - corresponds as closely as possible to the reference wave when recording the hologram - i.e. with the wave front of the light during exposure.
- the exposure takes place with lasers, which in principle represent a point light source. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the LEDs used for the reconstruction have the smallest possible emitter areas and thus the assumption of a point light source is more accurate.
- a further improvement in the illumination of the imaging HOE can be achieved by using a light-shaping HOE, which is arranged in the beam path between the light source and the imaging HOE.
- the optical system can also be made particularly compact, i.e. have small external dimensions.
- the light-shaping HOE can implement various light-shaping functionalities. Overall, this can improve the illumination of the imaging HOE.
- TAB. 1 Various light shaping functionalities that can be provided by the light shaping HOE. Such light-shaping functionalities can be used to achieve a homogeneous angle and wavelength spectrum for the illumination of the imaging HOE, so that a hologram can be reconstructed that is at a large distance from the refractive index-modulated area of the imaging HOE and has a large depth of focus.
- the light-shaping HOE In principle, various implementations for the light-shaping HOE are conceivable. For example, it would be possible for the light-shaping HOE to deflect the beam path into reflection geometry. That is, a reflection HOE can be used.
- a reflection HOE is wavelength-selective, i.e. only light of a narrow wavelength spectrum is efficiently diffracted for a specific exit angle.
- the spectral filtering according to Table 1: Example I can be achieved.
- a full width at half maximum of the wavelength spectrum of the light after spectral filtering could be achieved, which is not larger than 10 nm, in particular not larger than 5 nm. This allows a better reconstruction of the image in the form of the hologram to be achieved because of smearing and ghosting - which could otherwise arise with a broadband-ended illumination of the imaging HOE - can be avoided.
- the light-shaping HOE Similar to what was described above in connection with the imaging HOE, it would be conceivable for the light-shaping HOE to be attached to an outer surface of an optical waveguide.
- the light-shaping HOE and the imaging HOE can be applied to different outer surfaces of the optical waveguide.
- the optical system can have multiple optical channels. Each optical channel can be characterized at least by a corresponding beam path. Light associated with the respective optical channel propagates along this beam path.
- the beam paths can be separated by diaphragm elements. This means that the beam paths can be defined, for example, by the optical axes of specific optical elements of the respective optical channel, for example by corresponding collimator lenses.
- each optical channel may have an associated light-shaping HOE.
- the light-shaping HOE of different optical channels can be formed by a common lattice structure, i.e. different areas of the common lattice structure are illuminated by the light of different optical channels.
- each optical channel can have an associated light source.
- a light source it would also be conceivable for a light source to provide light for a number of optical channels.
- a corresponding holographic lighting function is assigned to each optical channel.
- the lighting function can, for example, include the display of an image motif, so that each optical channel reconstructs one or more image motifs.
- a common lighting function for example an image motif extending over the entire hologram surface, can also be implemented, with each channel correspondingly reconstructing a part of the common image motif.
- Special holograms can be generated by using multiple optical channels.
- a corresponding control can be provided, which is set up to control light sources of different optical channels separately or together.
- holograms can be generated that can display different motifs, for example depending on which optical channel is activated.
- the controller can be set up, for example, to control light sources of different channels separately or together depending on a preset motif of an image motif of the hologram. It would also be conceivable that holograms with flexibly adjustable brightness are generated, depending on how many optical channels are activated. The controller can therefore be set up to control light sources of different optical channels separately or jointly depending on a brightness specification of an image motif of the hologram. In this case, therefore, an overlapping area of the imaging HOE can be illuminated with the light of multiple optical channels; a common image motif is then reconstructed there, which appears lighter or darker depending on how many optical channels are activated.
- the channels can be arranged next to one another, so that a row-by-row or column-by-column reconstruction is made possible. This means that the beam paths of the various optical channels run parallel or perpendicular to one another, at least in some areas.
- the optical channels can also be arranged in a lattice structure, so that a row-by-row and column-by-column reconstruction is provided.
- the channels can also be arranged in a diagonal direction or in further azimuthal angles to one another. An angle between the beam paths can therefore be in the range from 45° to 90°, for example.
- FIG. 1 illustrates aspects related to an optical system 110.
- FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a hologram 150.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a hologram 150.
- the optical system 110 includes a light source 111.
- the light source 111 can be implemented by one or more light emitting diodes.
- the light source 111 is set up to emit light 90 along a beam path 81 .
- the light 90 is used to create the hologram 150 . This defines a corresponding optical channel 31.
- Various optical components 171 , 120 , 130 are arranged along the beam path 81 .
- a refractive or mirror-optical optical element 171 , 172 it would be possible for a refractive or mirror-optical optical element 171 , 172 to be arranged in the beam path 81 between the light source 81 adjacent to the light source 111 .
- This refractive or mirror-optical optical element is set up to collect the light 90 .
- the optical element 171, 172 could be implemented by a concave mirror or lens - ie a collimator lens.
- the light 90 propagates further along the ray path 81 toward a light-shaping HOE 120.
- Various light-shaping functionalities that may be provided by the light-shaping HOE 120 have been discussed above in the context of TAB. 1 described.
- the imaging HOE 130 is configured to generate the floating hologram 150 based on the light 90.
- optical system 110 Various structural implementations of the optical system 110 are conceivable. Some implementations are described below, for example in connection with FIG. 2.
- FIG. 2 illustrates aspects related to the optical system 110.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary structural implementation of the optical system 110.
- the optical system 110 does not include a refractive or specular optical element that would be arranged in the beam path 81 between the light source 111 and the light-shaping HOE 120.
- the light source 111 emits the light 90 with a significant divergence, ie with a comparatively wide angular spectrum.
- FIG. 2 shows, by way of example, rays of the light 90 along the beam path 81 (“ray tracing”).
- the light 90 impinges on the light shaping HOE 120 .
- the light-shaping HOE 120 comprises a substrate 122 and a refractive index-modulated region 121.
- the light-shaping HOE 120 redirects the light 90 along the optical path in reflection geometry.
- reflection holograms such as reflection hologram 120
- reflection hologram 120 are wavelength selective - that is, they diffract light for a specific angle only efficiently for a specific range of wavelengths - spectral filtering results.
- Spectral filtering is also shown in FIG. 3 shown.
- FIG. 3 illustrates the efficiency of diffraction into a specific solid angle as a function of wavelength. Illustrated are the wavelength spectrum 601 of the incident light (shown with the dashed line) and the wavelength spectrum 602 (solid line) of the diffracted light.
- the full width at half maximum 612 of the spectrum of the diffracted light is not more than 30%, optionally not more than 40%, further optionally not more than 50% of the full width at half maximum 611 of the emission spectrum of the light source, ie the spectrum of the incident light.
- the full width at half maximum 612 of the diffracted light is not larger than 10 nm, optionally larger than 5 nm.
- the light 90 that impinges on the imaging HOE 130 has a narrower bandwidth than the light 90 that is emitted by the light source 111.
- the angle of reflection 125 at which the light-shaping HOE 120 reflects the light along the optical path 81 is also shown.
- the angle of incidence 126 of the light 90 on the light shaping HOE 120 is also shown.
- These angles 125, 126 correspond to the angles at which reference light impinges on the light-forming HOE 120 from two different laser sources when the light-forming HOE 120 is exposed.
- This reflection angle 125 may correspond to the Brewster angle of the substrate 122 material. This means that the light 90 redirected by the light-shaping HOE 120 is linearly polarized. By using Brewster's angle during the exposure, unwanted interactions due to different polarizations of the light 90 during the exposure of the light-shaping HOE 120 can be avoided.
- the angle of incidence 126--in the illustrated example of FIG. 2, the angle of incidence 126 is 0°, that is, normal to incidence on the light-shaping HOE 120; in principle, however, other values would also be possible—in this case, it is selected such that Fresnel reflections of the light 90 are oriented away from the imaging HOE 130 . As a result, the quality of the illumination of the imaging HOE 130 can be additionally increased.
- FIG. 2 also shows a so-called reconstruction angle 135.
- the reconstruction angle 135 denotes the direction along which the light 90 along the Beam path 81 impinges on the refractive index-modulated area 131 of the imaging HOE 130 .
- This reconstruction angle 135 is defined by the reflection angle 125, the relative location of the light-shaping HOE 120 to the imaging HOE 130, and the refraction at the air-to-substrate 132 interface.
- the hologram 150 is generated in a volume 159 that is located at a distance 155 from the refractive index modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130, based on the light 90.
- the hologram 150 is generated in a volume 159 that is located at a distance 155 from the refractive index modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130, based on the light 90.
- a floating hologram 150 is thus generated.
- the thickness 134 of the substrate 132 is dimensioned comparatively large.
- the thickness 134 of the substrate 132 is dimensioned such that the light 90 illuminates the entire lateral surface of the refractive index-modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130 without being reflected on a rear side 139 of the substrate 132 facing away from the imaging HOE 130 .
- the substrate 132 in the example shown in FIG. 2 does not implement any functionality of an optical waveguide.
- a light-absorbing material could be attached to the back 139 (so-called “beam dump”).
- one or more further beam-shaping components can be arranged along the beam path 81 between the light source 111 and the light-shaping HOE 120 .
- a lens 171 - see FIG. 4 - or a mirror 172 - see FIG. 5 - to be used.
- the light yield can be increased, ie a larger amount of the light 90 emitted by the light source 111 can be used to illuminate the imaging HOE 130 .
- Such a refractive or mirror-optical optical element 171, 172 which is arranged in the beam path 81 between the light source 111 and the light-shaping HOE 120, can collect/shape the light in a horizontal and/or vertical direction. Since “vertical” denotes a direction in the plane of the drawing; “horizontal” means a direction perpendicular thereto (cf. FIG. 6B). Accordingly, rotationally symmetrical, cylindrical or anamorphic optics can be used.
- FIG. 6A illustrates aspects related to an integration of the optical system 110 with an interior screen 201 of a motor vehicle.
- the imaging HOE 130 is arranged in a recess in the interior panel 201 flush with the interior panel 201, and the hologram 150 - in the example shown an on/off button - offset to the surface of the interior panel 201 in a volume in the Interior of the motor vehicle is shown.
- the flying height of the hologram 150 - i.e. the distance 155, see FIG. 2 - may be greater than 20mm, for example 30mm.
- the reconstruction angle 135 (compare FIG. 2) can typically be in a range from 60° to 80°, for example at 70°.
- the substrate 132 of the imaging HOE 130 can be made of glass, for example, and have a thickness 134 (drawn in FIG. 2) of 20 mm. This thickness 134 can also be selected to be smaller given a larger reconstruction angle 135 or a smaller lateral dimension 136 (also shown in FIG. 2) of the refractive index-modulated region 131 .
- the distance between the light-shaping HOE 120 and the coupling surface of the substrate 132 of the imaging HOE 130 is chosen such that the beam of light 90 from the light source 111 to the light-shaping HOE 120 is not cut off by the substrate 132 of the imaging HOE 130 (bottom right corner of substrate 132 in FIG.2).
- the distance from the light source 111 to the light-forming HOE 120 can be desirable to choose the distance from the light source 111 to the light-forming HOE 120 as large as possible, so that the light source 111 has the best possible properties of a point light source.
- a greater distance between the light source 111 can also illuminate a larger area of the imaging HOE 130, for example perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2 or along and/or perpendicular to the lateral dimension 136 (the corresponding depth direction is in FIG. 6B visible).
- the distance selected should not be too large in order to form as much light 90 as possible from the light source 111 in the vertical direction with the light-shaping HOE 120 (that is, corresponds to the height of the light-shaping HOE 120).
- a range of 50 mm to 100 mm has been identified as helpful as a distance, for example 70 mm in particular.
- the parameters of the reconstruction angle 135 of the imaging HOE 130 and the distance between the light source 111 and the light-shaping HOE 120 can be used to set the best possible lighting situation.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart of an exemplary method of manufacturing an optical system.
- the optical system 110 can be manufactured according to one of the examples discussed above.
- Optional blocks are shown in FIG. 7 shown with dashed lines.
- an imaging HOE is first provided.
- the imaging HOE 130 may be implemented according to the examples described above.
- block 3005 could include exposing the imaging HOE 130 to reference light from multiple interfering laser light sources. In this way, the refractive index-modulated area can be formed on a corresponding substrate. This defines the reconstruction angle 135 .
- providing a light-shaping HOE occurs.
- the light-shaping HOE 120 can be provided according to the examples described above.
- Block 3010 may include exposing the light-shaping HOE 120 to reference light from multiple interfering laser light sources.
- this can Angle of reflection of the light-shaping HOE can be specified.
- the angle of reflection corresponds to the angle of illumination from one of the interfering laser light sources, and this angle can be set equal to the Brewster's angle of the light-shaping HOE.
- the light-shaping HOE can be designed in particular in reflection geometry; In principle, however, an implementation as a transmission HOE would also be possible.
- a corresponding grating that diffracts and reflects incident light can perform spectral filtering and filtering in angular space, as in TAB. 1 discussed, provide.
- the appropriate size and arrangement of the light-shaping HOE in relation to the imaging HOE from block 3005 can ensure that the refractive index-modulated region of the imaging HOE, especially in edge-lit geometry, is illuminated homogeneously .
- a light source may be provided.
- this can be arranged at a suitable distance from the light-shaping HOE.
- the optical system obtained in this way could optionally be integrated into a panel, for example an interior panel of a motor vehicle.
- FIG. 8 illustrates aspects related to the optical system 110.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a hologram 150.
- the optical system 110 of FIG. 8 basically corresponds to the optical system 110 from FIG. 1.
- the optical system 110 in FIG. 8 also includes an optical fiber 301.
- the optical fiber 301 guides the beam path 81 of the light 90, generally speaking, to the imaging HOE 130.
- the optical fiber 301 also guides the light 90 to the light-forming HOE 120 and further from the light-forming HOE 120 to the imaging HOE 130.
- the optical waveguide 301 can guide the light, for example by total reflection at its boundary surfaces, to the surrounding thinner optical medium.
- a coupling surface 302 of the optical waveguide 301 is arranged between the refractive or mirror-optical element 171, for example a collimator lens, and the light-shaping HOE 120. If, for example, a refractive collimator lens is used, the in-coupling surface 302 could be oriented perpendicular to the optical axis of the collimator lens.
- the in-coupling surface 302 may be arranged, for example, between the light-shaping HOE 120 and the imaging HOE 130 .
- optical fiber 301 may implement substrate 132 on which imaging HOE 130 is disposed.
- the thickness 134 of the substrate 132 or the optical waveguide 301 can be dimensioned comparatively small (e.g. compared to the scenario in FIG. 2).
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 Such a scenario is shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 for an exemplary structural implementation.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example structural implementation of the optical system 110 of FIG. 8 with the optical fiber 301.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the structural implementation of the optical system 110 of FIG. 9.
- the optical waveguide 301 is made of bulk material, for example glass or plastic.
- the optical waveguide 301 can be implemented as an optical block 350 .
- the light-forming HOE 120 is applied to an outer surface 308 of the optical waveguide 301 and the imaging HOE 130 is applied to an outer surface 309 of the optical waveguide 301 perpendicular thereto.
- the light-shaping HOE 120 and the imaging HOE 130 may be disposed on different exterior surfaces.
- FIG. 9 it can be seen that the light impinges on the refractive index modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130 multiple times by reflection in the optical fiber 301 (unlike in FIG.
- the thickness 134 is thus much smaller than the lateral dimension 136, or in particular the length along the optical waveguide 301. In general, the thickness 134 cannot be greater than 20% of the length of the imaging HOE 130 along the optical waveguide 301.
- the beam cross section of the light 90 can also be reduced.
- the lateral extent of the light-shaping HOE 120 can thus be reduced, which makes the optical system 110 even more compact.
- FIG. 11 illustrates aspects related to an optical system 110.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a hologram 150.
- FIG. The optical system 110 in the example of FIG. 11 comprises two optical channels 31, 32.
- the optical channel 31 corresponds to the example in FIG. 8 and has already been mentioned in connection with FIG. 8 discussed.
- the optical system 110 also includes the additional optical channel 32. This is implemented analogously to the optical channel 31, ie includes a light source 111#, a light-shaping HOE 171#, and an optical waveguide 301# with a corresponding coupling surface 302#.
- the optical system 110 can also include an aperture element 39 which is arranged between the optical channels 31 , 32 and prevents crosstalk of light between the optical channels 31 , 32 .
- the screen element 39 can be made of light-absorbing material.
- the aperture element 39 can extend, for example, between the respective light sources 111, 111# up to the collimator lenses 171, 171# (or generally up to refractive or specular optical elements, as discussed above). After collimation, the aperture can be dispensable.
- optical channels 31, 32 are configured accordingly.
- the optical channels 31, 32 it is possible for the optical channels 31, 32 to be configured differently with regard to the arrangement and/or presence of optical elements.
- the optical fiber 301 and/or the optical fiber 301# can be dispensed with.
- the optical channels 31, 32 address different imaging HOEs 130, 130#, which each generate a corresponding hologram 150-1, 150-2 by means of the light 90, 90#.
- the optical channels 31, 32 address the same imaging HOE 130, for example in different or overlapping areas. Such examples are shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 shown.
- the first optical channel 31 is configured to illuminate the area 801 of the imaging HOE with the light 90 and the second optical channel 32 is configured to illuminate the area 802 of the imaging HOE 130 with the light 90#.
- the area 801 and the area 802 are arranged side by side. This makes it possible for a common image motif to be reconstructed in the form of the hologram 150-3 by means of the light 90 and the light 90# if both optical channels 31, 32 are activated at the same time.
- the corresponding image motif can have a particularly large area.
- the optical channel 31 to illuminate a first area of the imaging HOE 130 with the light 90 and the optical Channel 32 with the light 90# illuminates a second area of the imaging HOE 130, where the first area and the second area have a common area of overlap.
- FIG. 13 shows one such example.
- optical channel 31 is configured to illuminate area 811 of imaging HOE 130 with light 90 and optical channel 32 is configured to illuminate area 812 of imaging HOE 130 with light 90#.
- the area 801 and the area 802 have an overlapping area 813, which is therefore served by both optical channels.
- light 90 is used to create an image in the frame of the hologram 150-4 and light 90# is used to create an image in the frame of the hologram 150-5.
- image motifs can be arranged in the same spatial area (this is not represented in the schematic view of FIG. 13). In this way, changing image motifs can be displayed at the same position, depending on which optical channel 31, 32 is activated. Also, different color images can be realized in one area (when the light 90 and the light 90# use different wavelengths for reconstruction).
- Such a geometry is particularly advantageous since it allows the image motifs to be separated both in terms of wavelength and in terms of the reconstruction angle, and crosstalk between the optical channels can thus be avoided. It would also be conceivable to switch the brightness step by step by switching on individual optical channels (with the same image motif and color).
- a corresponding separation of the optical channels - to create different holograms 150-4, 150-5 - can be implemented in different ways.
- different reconstruction angles are used for light 90 and light 90#. This means that the light 90 and the light 90# impinge on the imaging HOE 130 at different angles.
- the different optical channels could be associated with light of different wavelengths.
- light source 111 of optical channel 31 could be configured to emit light 90 with a first emission spectrum and light source 111# of optical channel 32 could be configured to emit light 90# with a second emission spectrum.
- the emission spectra can differ from each other.
- the image motifs of the holograms 150-4, 150-5 can be displayed with different colors, even in the same spatial area. Crosstalk can be avoided.
- the emission spectra could then be separated by means of the light-shaping HOE 120, 120#.
- the spectral filtering of the light-shaping HOE 120 of the optical channel 31 could be one Pass part of the light 90 in a first wavelength range and spectral filtering of the light-shaping HOE 120# of the optical channel 32 could pass part of the light 90# in a second wavelength range, the first wavelength range being different than the second wavelength range.
- the image motifs of the holograms 150-4, 150-5 can be displayed with different colors, even in the same spatial area. Crosstalk can be avoided.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing three optical channels 31, 32, 33 having optical paths 81, 81#, and 81## that are parallel to each other.
- the collimator lenses 171, 171#, 171## are also integrally formed as a lens array.
- the collimator lenses 171, 171#, 171## could be manufactured in a co-injection molding process or a co-3D printing process.
- FIG. 15 is an extension of the example of FIG. 14.
- a total of six optical channels 31-36 are used, with the optical channels 31-33 and 34-36 being arranged perpendicular to one another (ie the corresponding beam paths enclose an angle of 90° with one another).
- Channels 31-33 correspond to the example of FIG. 14; channels 34-36 also correspond to the example of FIG. 14
- a row-column array can be formed for different imaging HOEs 130 or at least different areas of a common imaging HOE.
- a row-column array of different image motifs could be reconstructed.
- the optical paths of the different optical channels could form different angles with one another, for example in the range from 45° to 90°.
- FIG. 16 is another example of a possible implementation of the optical system 110 with two optical channels 31, 32, whose optical paths 81, 81# run parallel to one another, namely at an angle of 180° to one another. The reconstruction angles thus differ by 180° in the azimuthal direction.
- FIG. 17 is a corresponding perspective view of the optical system of FIG. 16
- FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 show an optical system 110 in two different perspective views, which is an extension of the optical system 110 from FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 is
- the optical system 110 in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 uses four optical channels 31-34, with two channels each having optical paths that run parallel to one another and each correspond to the optical system 110 of FIG. 16 or FIG. 17 correspond.
- FIG. 20 schematically illustrates a controller according to various examples.
- a data processing system 901 is shown, which comprises a processor 902 and a memory 903.
- the data processing system 901 implements the controller that can control multiple optical channels of an optical device as described above.
- the processor 902 can load and execute program code from the memory 903 .
- the processor 902 can then turn on and off individual light sources associated with different optical channels of the optical device separately by issuing instructions via an interface 904 accordingly.
- the processor 902 can thus control several light sources of different channels either separately or together.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart of an example method.
- the method of Figure 21 is for controlling an optical device having multiple optical channels.
- the optical device 110 can be controlled as described above.
- the method from FIG. 21 could be executed by a controller, for example by the processor 902 of the data processing system 901, based on program code from the memory 903 (compare FIG. 20).
- box 920 it is checked whether a first optical channel should be switched on. For this purpose, for example, it could be checked whether a certain image motif of a floating hologram should be displayed, the image motif which is to be displayed being generated by the first optical channel. For this purpose, a default motif - which is obtained, for example, from a display control or a user input - can be taken into account. If, for example, different imaging HOEs 130, 130# are addressed by the different optical channels (see FIG. 11), then, for example, different buttons or parts of the image can be switched on/off.
- a first light source associated with the first optical channel is turned on.
- a check is made according to the check in box 920 but for another optical channel.
- Box 935 then corresponds to box 925 again, but for the further optical channel.
- the optical channels can therefore be controlled individually.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP22726036.1A EP4330774A2 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme |
KR1020237040816A KR20240001225A (ko) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | 플로팅 홀로그램용 광학 시스템 |
CN202280030808.7A CN117242406A (zh) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | 用于浮动全息图的光学系统 |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102021110734.2 | 2021-04-27 | ||
DE102021110734.2A DE102021110734A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Optisches System für schwebende Hologramme |
DE102021121550 | 2021-08-19 | ||
DE102021121550.1 | 2021-08-19 | ||
DE102021123515.4 | 2021-09-10 | ||
DE102021123515.4A DE102021123515A1 (de) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen |
Publications (2)
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WO2022229257A2 true WO2022229257A2 (de) | 2022-11-03 |
WO2022229257A3 WO2022229257A3 (de) | 2023-01-05 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/EP2022/061025 WO2022238109A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-26 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme |
PCT/EP2022/061197 WO2022229257A2 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme |
PCT/EP2022/061185 WO2022229252A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen |
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PCT/EP2022/061025 WO2022238109A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-26 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme |
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PCT/EP2022/061185 WO2022229252A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen |
Country Status (3)
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EP (3) | EP4330772A1 (de) |
KR (2) | KR20240004656A (de) |
WO (3) | WO2022238109A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2954923B1 (fr) * | 2010-01-06 | 2012-05-04 | Delphi Tech Inc | Dispositif diffractif de signalisation pour retroviseur avec affichage 2d/3d |
GB201510525D0 (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-07-29 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Vehicular signalling system and method |
DE102016117969B4 (de) * | 2016-09-23 | 2022-09-22 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Leuchteinrichtung für Fahrzeuge |
US10164631B2 (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-12-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Holographic proximity switch |
FR3061595B1 (fr) * | 2017-01-03 | 2020-08-28 | Valeo Vision | Systeme de communication d'informations a un usager a proximite d'un vehicule automobile |
US20210318658A1 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2021-10-14 | Artience Lab Inc. | Optical deflection device, image display device, signal device, image recording medium, and image reproduction method |
DE102017124296A1 (de) * | 2017-10-18 | 2019-04-18 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Leuchteinrichtung für Fahrzeuge |
DE102018115574A1 (de) * | 2018-06-28 | 2020-01-02 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Leuchteneinrichtung für Fahrzeuge |
DE102018116670A1 (de) * | 2018-07-10 | 2020-01-16 | Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh | Lichtquelle für holographiebasierte Leuchteneinrichtung |
-
2022
- 2022-04-26 EP EP22725768.0A patent/EP4330772A1/de active Pending
- 2022-04-26 WO PCT/EP2022/061025 patent/WO2022238109A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 WO PCT/EP2022/061197 patent/WO2022229257A2/de active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 EP EP22726036.1A patent/EP4330774A2/de active Pending
- 2022-04-27 EP EP22726028.8A patent/EP4330773A1/de active Pending
- 2022-04-27 KR KR1020237040811A patent/KR20240004656A/ko unknown
- 2022-04-27 WO PCT/EP2022/061185 patent/WO2022229252A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 KR KR1020237040816A patent/KR20240001225A/ko unknown
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WO2022229252A1 (de) | 2022-11-03 |
EP4330773A1 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
WO2022238109A1 (de) | 2022-11-17 |
KR20240004656A (ko) | 2024-01-11 |
EP4330774A2 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
WO2022229257A3 (de) | 2023-01-05 |
EP4330772A1 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
KR20240001225A (ko) | 2024-01-03 |
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