WO2022229252A1 - Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen - Google Patents
Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen Download PDFInfo
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- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- B60Q3/10—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards
- B60Q3/14—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors for dashboards lighting through the surface to be illuminated
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Definitions
- Various examples of the disclosure relate to a system that includes multiple optical channels to create a floating hologram.
- the various optical channels can be controlled individually by a controller.
- the floating hologram can be designed to be comparatively static and not very interactive. In addition, such optical systems are often comparatively large.
- an object of the invention to provide an optical system capable of generating a floating hologram.
- an optical system which can provide the one or more holograms dynamically.
- An optical system includes several optical channels that can be switched on and off individually. This means that light can be emitted selectively along one or more beam paths of the different optical channels. The light sources can therefore be controlled individually. The light hits one or more imaging HOEs, each of which creates corresponding parts of the floating hologram. As a result, one or more image motifs of the hologram can be switched on and off, depending on which optical channel is being controlled.
- An optical system includes at least one imaging HOE.
- the at least one HOE is configured to generate a floating hologram based on light.
- the floating hologram is reconstructed in a volume external to the at least one imaging HOE.
- the levitated hologram is consequently arranged in a volume outside of the at least one imaging HOE.
- the optical system includes multiple optical channels.
- the multiple optical channels each include a light source and a beam path.
- the multiple optical channels are set up to guide/conduct the light along the respective beam path to the at least one imaging HOE.
- the controller is set up to individually control the light source of the multiple optical channels.
- Controlling the light sources individually can therefore mean that individual light sources can be switched on and off separately from other light sources. This means that light can either be emitted along the different beam paths of the different optical channels or not. In other words, this means that the various optical channels can be driven individually, that is to say can be switched individually.
- the different optical channels can be associated with different image motifs of the hologram. These different image motifs can provide different parts of the floating hologram. Different image motifs can reflect different geometries or images. Different image motifs can also reproduce the same geometries or images, but in different colors.
- a computer-implemented method involves individually driving multiple light sources of an optical system.
- the multiple light sources are controlled based on one or more decision criteria.
- a specific light source from the plurality of light sources can be switched on or off, and another light source from the plurality of light sources can be switched off or switched on. This check can take place individually for each light source.
- the multiple light sources are assigned to multiple optical channels of the optical system.
- the optical channels each include an associated beam path.
- the optical channels are each set up to guide the light emitted by the respective light source of the plurality of light sources to at least one imaging HOE of the optical system.
- the at least one imaging HOE is set up to generate a floating hologram in a volume outside the at least one imaging HOE based on the light.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an optical system including an optical channel, a controller, and a depth sensor, according to various examples.
- FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary structural implementation of the optical system of FIG. 1 according to various examples.
- FIG. 3 illustrates spectral filtering that may be provided by a light-shaping FIOE that implements a redirection element, according to various examples.
- FIG. 4 illustrates an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 1 according to various examples.
- FIG. 5 illustrates an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 1 according to various examples.
- FIG. 6A illustrates an example integration of an optical system with a mirror according to various examples.
- FIG. 6B is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart of an example method.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an optical system including an imaging HOE and an optical fiber according to various examples.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of FIG. 8 according to various examples.
- FIG. 10 is one of the implementation of FIG. 9.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic view of an optical system according to various examples, comprising multiple optical channels.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view of an optical system according to various examples, including multiple optical channels.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an optical system according to various examples, comprising multiple optical channels.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 16 is a side view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of the implementation of the optical system of FIG. 16
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an example implementation of the optical system of one of the FIGS. 11 to 13 according to various examples.
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the implementation of the optical system of FIG. 18
- FIG. 20 schematically illustrates a controller for multiple optical channels according to various examples.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart of an example method.
- FIG. 22 schematically illustrates a menu level of a GUI according to various examples.
- the flologram can represent an image, such as a button or a flin white sign.
- the flologram could also reflect several motifs. For example, a picture could be composed of several motifs, or separate motifs could be displayed.
- an optical system which includes a number of optical channels.
- Each optical channel can have an associated light source and a beam path.
- the optical channels are set up to each emit the light along the respective beam path towards at least one imaging HOE.
- the at least one imaging HOE is configured to generate a levitated hologram based on the light. This is reconstructed or arranged in a volume outside of the at least one imaging HOE.
- the hologram which is generated by means of a corresponding optical system, can have a particularly large floating height and/or a particularly large depth effect.
- a distance between a volume in which the hologram is displayed with suitable illumination of the at least one imaging HOE and the at least one imaging HOE could be no less than 60% of the lateral dimensions (perpendicular to the distance) of a refractive index-modulated region of the at least one imaging HOE.
- the hologram can have one or more image motifs.
- the various image motifs can be generated by light that has passed through different beam paths or is assigned to different optical channels.
- the at least one imaging HOE can be implemented as a volume HOE, ie have a variation of the refractive index in 3-D.
- a corresponding refractive index-modulated area has a 3-D extent. This variation in refractive index breaks the light with a diffraction pattern, thereby forming the hologram.
- the bulk HOE is distinguished from a surface HOE, where modulation of the surface of a substrate gives rise to the diffraction pattern. For example, the surface could be wavy.
- the at least one imaging HOE can be implemented as a transmission HOE or as a reflection HOE.
- a transmission HOE the refractive index modulated region is illuminated from one side and the hologram is created in a volume facing the opposite side.
- reflection HOE the refractive index modulated region is illuminated from one side and the hologram is created in a volume facing the same side.
- the at least one imaging HOE has a substrate (made of a transparent material that is optically denser than air) on which the refractive index-modulated region is applied.
- a corresponding beam path is coupled into the substrate on the narrow side, then passes through the substrate - eg glass or polymethyl methacrylate - before it impinges on the refractive index-modulated area.
- the substrate has a layer thickness that is significantly greater than the layer thickness of the refractive index-modulated area.
- the so-called reconstruction angle describes the angle at which the light hits the refractive index-modulated area.
- This can be arranged along a surface of the at least one imaging HOE.
- Light that is not diffracted by the refractive index modulated region to create the hologram can then be total resection at the Learn surface of at least one imaging HOE and be reflected back into the substrate.
- an absorbing material absorbs such reflected light (beam dump); as a result, the reproduction of the hologram is not disturbed by "background light".
- the substrate it would also be conceivable for the substrate to implement an optical waveguide.
- the light reflected back at the surface of the at least one imaging HOE is then reflected at another surface of the optical waveguide and strikes the at least one imaging HOE again.
- the optical waveguide can therefore be arranged below the at least one imaging HOE and can extend along the at least one imaging HOE, and the light propagating in the optical waveguide can be used to illuminate the at least one imaging HOE.
- the at least one imaging HOE is attached to an outer surface of the optical waveguide.
- an optical waveguide enables a particularly compact design because the thickness of the substrate forming the optical waveguide can be less than the lateral dimensions of the at least one imaging HOE.
- a thickness of the optical waveguide perpendicular to the at least one imaging HOE i.e. along a direction extending away from the imaging HOE is no greater than 20% of a length of the at least one imaging HOE along the optical waveguide.
- imaging HOE could be attached to a common optical waveguide through which the light of several optical channels runs.
- One optical fiber per optical channel could also be used.
- the light sources used preferably emit light in the visible spectrum, in particular between 380 nm and 780 nm.
- one or more light-emitting diodes can be used as the light source.
- Light-emitting diodes are particularly simple, durable and inexpensive and have sufficient optical properties, in particular with regard to the coherence of the light emitted, with regard to a large number of lighting functions, in particular holographic lighting functions.
- Light-emitting diodes are particularly efficient.
- a light emitting diode could have a light emitter (active area that Photons emitted) having dimensions between 0.5 x 0.5 mm 2 and 1 x 1 mm 2 has. It can be particularly advantageous to use small emitter areas for the applications mentioned.
- the optical system can include one light source per optical channel. This is set up to emit the light along the respective beam path to the at least one imaging HOE.
- the beam path can be defined, for example, by the optical axis of the corresponding optical channel with the optical components. The light propagates along the beam path towards the at least one imaging HOE.
- a corresponding imaging HOE For example, it would be conceivable for a corresponding imaging HOE to be assigned to each optical channel. However, it would also be conceivable for a single imaging HOE to be assigned to a number of optical channels. So this would mean that there is a continuous refractive index modulated region of the imaging HOE (which has been exposed phase coherently) that is illuminated by light from multiple ray paths. In order to nevertheless generate different image motifs of the hologram through the different optical channels, different techniques can be used. These techniques are related to TAB. 1 summarized below.
- TAB. 1 Different variants for the joint use (“multiplexing") of a common imaging HOE using light that is assigned to different optical channels. The light can therefore hit the imaging HOE from different directions. As a result, different image motifs can be generated through the various optical channels. Since the optical channels can be switched individually, the hologram can be flexibly composed of the various image motifs.
- Various examples are based on the knowledge that a particularly compact design of a corresponding optical system can be achieved by using at least one optical deflection element. This means that the light is emitted along a respective beam path from the light source and is then deflected by the optical deflection element towards at least one imaging HOE.
- the light source can be arranged adjacent to or behind the at least one imaging HOE.
- at least one of the at least one imaging HOE can be arranged between the volume (in which the hologram is reconstructed) and the respective light source.
- the optical deflection element ensures that the light source does not emit the light directly onto the at least one imaging HOE, but first to the deflection element.
- larger-area illuminations of the refractive index-modulated area of the at least one imaging HOE can be achieved than with direct lighting.
- Flatter reconstruction angles can be achieved. This improves the representation of the image motifs of the hologram.
- such a deflection element could be implemented as a mirror.
- the deflection element could also be implemented as an optical prism or by an optical waveguide that guides the light in an optically dense medium by total reflection.
- deflection element More complicated implementations of the deflection element would also be conceivable.
- implementations of the deflection element would be conceivable which—in addition to deflecting the light—also provide other light-shaping functionalities.
- a HOE can also be used for this purpose, which is referred to below as a light-shaping HOE.
- a further improvement in the illumination of the imaging HOE can be achieved by using a light-shaping HOE, which is arranged in the beam path between the light source and the imaging HOE and which - in addition to the light-shaping functionality - also deflects the light . So the light-shaping HOE can implement the inversion element.
- TAB. 2 Various light shaping functionalities that can be provided by the light shaping HOE. Using such light-shaping functionalities, a homogeneous angle and wavelength spectrum of the illumination of the imaging FIOE can be achieved, so that a hologram can be reconstructed that is at a large distance from the refractive index-modulated area of the at least one imaging HOE and has a large depth of focus.
- the light-shaping HOE In principle, different implementations for the light-shaping HOE are conceivable. For example, it would be possible for the light-shaping HOE to deflect the beam path into reflection geometry. That is, a reflection HOE can be used.
- a reflection HOE is wavelength-selective, i.e. only light of a narrow wavelength spectrum is efficiently diffracted for a specific exit angle. This allows the spectral filtering according to TAB. 2:
- Example I can be achieved. For example, a full width at half maximum of the wavelength spectrum of the light after spectral filtering could be achieved, which is not larger than 10 nm, in particular not larger than 5 nm. This can achieve a better reconstruction of the image in the form of the hologram, because smearing and ghosting - the could otherwise arise with a broadband illumination of the at least one imaging HOE - can be avoided.
- the light-shaping HOE can be attached to an outer surface of an optical waveguide.
- the light-shaping HOE and the imaging HOE can be applied to different outer surfaces of the optical waveguide.
- Each optical channel can have, for example, an associated deflection element or, in particular, an associated light-shaping HOE.
- the light-shaping HOE of different optical channels can be formed by a common lattice structure, ie different areas of the common lattice structure are illuminated by the light of different optical channels. However, separate lattice structures could also be used.
- the channels can be arranged next to each other so that row-by-row or column-by-column reconstruction is possible. This means that the beam paths of the various optical channels run parallel or perpendicular to one another, at least in some areas.
- the optical channels can also be arranged in a lattice structure, so that a row-by-row and column-by-column reconstruction is provided.
- the channels can also be arranged in a diagonal direction or at further azimuthal angles to one another. An angle between the beam paths can therefore be in the range from 45° to 90°, for example.
- the beam paths can be separated by diaphragm elements. This means that the beam paths can be defined, for example, by the optical axes of specific optical elements of the respective optical channel, for example by corresponding collimator lenses.
- the optical system can include a controller. This control can switch the different optical channels. This means that the controller can be set up to individually control the light sources of the multiple optical channels.
- the controller could include a processor, such as a microprocessor, an application specific integrated circuit, or a field programmable switchable array.
- the controller may perform one or more optical channel switching techniques based on program code. For example, it would be conceivable for the controller to be set up to control the light sources of the multiple optical channels based on a measurement signal from a depth sensor of the optical system.
- the depth sensor can be set up to detect an object in the volume or adjacent to the volume and to output a corresponding measurement signal.
- the depth sensor may be located behind the imaging HOE from the user's perspective. That is, the imaging HOE can be placed between the volume (in which the hologram is reconstructed) and the depth sensor.
- the depth sensor can therefore be set up to determine a lateral position (X-Y position) and a distance (Z position) of the object.
- the light sources of the various optical channels can then be controlled on the basis of such properties.
- the depth sensor can be used. For example, it would be possible to use a time-of-flight (TOF) sensor that determines the depth position of the object based on time-of-flight measurements of light pulses. Laser light could also be used, ie a LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor could be used. In principle, it would also be conceivable to use a RADAR sensor that determines a depth position of the object based on radar waves. It is also possible to use an ultrasonic sensor to determine a depth position of the object based on ultrasonic waves.
- TOF time-of-flight
- Laser light could also be used, ie a LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor could be used.
- a RADAR sensor that determines a depth position of the object based on radar waves.
- an ultrasonic sensor to determine a depth position of the object based on ultrasonic waves.
- the wavelength of the light used to determine the depth position differs from the wavelength of the light used to generate the floating hologram.
- light in the infrared range can be used for the depth sensor and light in the visible range can be used for the floating hologram.
- different wavelengths it is possible in particular to avoid the depth sensor being influenced by the hologram.
- An object in the volume or adjacent to the volume in which the hologram is reconstructed can consequently have a higher Reliability can be detected.
- a lateral position and a distance of the object can be determined more precisely.
- the controller prefferably be set up to determine status data based on the measurement signal that are indicative of the user actuation of an interaction element that is displayed as an image motif by the hologram.
- interaction elements such as buttons, sliders, etc. - a graphical user interface (English “graphic user interface”; GUI) can represent.
- GUI Graphic user interface
- Different interaction elements can be displayed through different optical channels. It would then be possible, based on the measurement signal from the depth sensor, to determine whether a user actuates one of these interaction elements.
- a fingertip of the user is arranged in the corresponding partial area of the volume in which the interaction element is arranged (ie whether the user "presses" a button, for example).
- a button for example
- such status data it would be conceivable for such status data to be determined based on an orientation of the finger in relation to the volume. This means that it could be checked whether the finger points to a corresponding interaction element or is oriented away from it.
- a parallax of the observer of the hologram to be determined with a corresponding actuation.
- a parallax of the viewer can be understood in particular as a viewing direction of the viewer onto the hologram. That means it could be checked whether a user is looking at the hologram from a particularly oblique angle - and thus also the finger is pointing at an angle to the volume - so that the traction elements are arranged offset relative to a spatial position in which they can be viewed by an observer be perceived from a comparatively perpendicular angle. This can be determined, for example, by whether the orientation of the finger is at an angle or perpendicular to the volume. Generally speaking, the viewer's parallax can be determined based on the orientation of the finger. Alternatively or additionally, it would also be possible to determine a viewer's viewing angle by eye recognition in an image captured by a surroundings camera.
- the depth sensor can be set up in particular to determine the position and orientation of a finger.
- the depth sensor can be set up to detect a finger that is located in a volume of approximately 15 cm by 15 cm by 3 cm.
- a spatial resolution of the depth sensor can be 10 by 10 pixels in examples. Such low resolution can be sufficient to determine the orientation of a finger.
- a depth sensor can also be provided, which allows the finger to be detected or its orientation to be determined at regular time intervals, e.g. every 100 ms. In this way, for example, movements of the finger can be detected.
- the controller could be set up to recognize a gesture of a finger or a hand of the user based on the measurement signal of the depth sensor.
- Example gestures would be “double click”; “To brush”; etc.
- the gesture could be determined in relation to the volume. This means that a "double-click” must have a certain position in relation to the volume, e.g. in particular a sub-area in which an interaction element is displayed, in order to be recognized as a gesture.
- Algorithms that are known in principle to a person skilled in the art can be used to recognize objects, the orientation of objects such as fingers, and/or gestures. Machine-learned algorithms could be used. The specific implementation of such algorithms is not critical to the operation of the techniques described herein and therefore no further details are given.
- the optical systems described herein can be integrated into different applications.
- the one system comprises the optical system and a mirror having a mirror surface that extends along the at least one imaging HOE and between the at least one imaging HOE and the volume in which the floating hologram is generated , is arranged.
- a graphical user interface could be created with multiple interaction elements "floating" in front of the mirror surface. In this way, for example, a radio could be controlled or an image could be displayed on a screen integrated elsewhere in the mirror.
- a system can thus include the optical system and a screen that extends along the at least one imaging HOE.
- the at least one imaging HOE can thus be arranged between the screen and the volume.
- a graphical user interface with several interaction elements could be implemented, for example, floating over the screen of a television or a computer monitor.
- FIG. 1 illustrates aspects related to an optical system 110.
- FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a hologram 150.
- FIG. The hologram 150 includes a single image motif 780, here a button as an interaction element of a GUI.
- FIG. 1 a single optical channel 31 is shown by way of illustration to explain how it works. However, the optical system could have other optical channels configured like the optical channel 31 .
- the optical system 110 includes a light source 111.
- the light source 111 can be implemented by one or more light emitting diodes.
- the light source 111 is set up to emit light 90 along a beam path 81 .
- the light 90 is used to create the hologram 150 . This defines a corresponding optical channel 31.
- Various optical components 171 , 120 , 130 are arranged along the beam path 81 .
- a refractive or mirror-optical optical element 171, 172 it would be possible for a refractive or mirror-optical optical element 171, 172 to be arranged in the beam path 81 between the light source 81 adjacent to the light source 111.
- This refractive or specular optical element is set up to collect the light 90 . A greater light yield can be achieved in this way.
- the optical element 171, 172 could be implemented by a concave mirror or lens - i.e. a collimating lens.
- the light 90 propagates further along the beam path 81 in the direction of a deflection element 120.
- the deflection element 120 can be implemented as a light-shaping HOE 120, for example.
- Various light-shaping functionalities that can be provided by the light-shaping HOE 120 have been discussed above in the context of TAB. 2 described.
- the optical system also includes a controller 901.
- the controller 901 is set up to control the light source 111. This means that the controller 901 can switch the light source 111 on or off.
- the controller 901 can be designed to individually control the light sources of a plurality of optical channels (only one optical channel 31 is shown in FIG. 1). In this way, light can be selectively emitted along the various beam paths of the multiple optical channels, and different image motifs 780 of the hologram 150 can be switched on or off.
- the controller 101 can be set up to control the light sources of a number of optical channels based on a measurement signal from a depth sensor 950 .
- the depth sensor 950 is set up to detect an object 790, here a user's fingers, in the volume in which the hologram 150 is displayed, or else to detect adjacent to the volume, and to output the measurement signal to the controller 901.
- FIG. 2 illustrates aspects related to the optical system 110.
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary structural implementation of the optical channel 31.
- the optical system 110 does not include a refractive or mirror-optical optical element, which would be arranged in the beam path 81 between the light source 111 and the light-shaping HOE 120.
- the light source 111 emits the light 90 with a significant divergence, ie with a comparatively wide angular spectrum.
- FIG. 2 shows rays of the light 90 along the beam path 81 (“ray tracing”), which defines the optical channel 31, by way of example.
- the light 90 impinges on the light shaping HOE 120 .
- the light-shaping HOE 120 includes a substrate 122 and a refractive index-modulated region 121.
- the light-shaping HOE 120 redirects the light 90 along the optical path in reflection geometry.
- the angle of reflection 125 at which the light-shaping HOE 120 reflects the light along the optical path 81 is also shown.
- the angle of incidence 126 of the light 90 on the light-shaping HOE 120 is also shown.
- these angles 125, 126 correspond to the angles at which reference light impinges on the imaging HOE 120 from two different laser sources when the light-forming HOE 120 is exposed.
- FIG. 2 also shows a so-called reconstruction angle 135.
- the reconstruction angle 135 denotes the direction along which the light 90 along the optical path 81 impinges on the refractive index modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130 .
- This reconstruction angle 135 is defined by the reflection angle 125, the relative location of the light-shaping HOE 120 to the imaging HOE 130, and the refraction at the air-to-substrate 132 interface.
- the hologram 150 is generated in a volume 159 that is arranged at a distance 155 from the refractive index-modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130, based on the light 90.
- the hologram 150 is generated in a volume 159 that is arranged at a distance 155 from the refractive index-modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130, based on the light 90.
- a floating hologram 150 is thus generated.
- the thickness 134 of the substrate 132 is dimensioned to be comparatively large.
- the thickness 134 of the substrate 132 is dimensioned such that the light 90 illuminates the entire lateral surface of the refractive index-modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130 without being reflected on a rear side 139 of the substrate 132 facing away from the imaging HOE 130 .
- the substrate 132 in the illustrated example of FIG. 2 no functionality of an optical fiber implemented.
- a light-absorbing material could be attached to the back 139 (so-called “beam dump”).
- one or more further beam-shaping components can be arranged along the beam path 81 between the light source 111 and the light-shaping HOE 120 .
- a lens 171 - see FIG. 4 - or a mirror 172 - see FIG. 5 - to be used.
- the light yield can be increased, ie a larger amount of the light 90 emitted by the light source 111 can be used to illuminate the imaging HOE 130 .
- FIG. 6A illustrates an exemplary implementation of the optical system 110 in cooperation with a mirror 791, thereby defining a corresponding system 40.
- the mirror 791 includes a mirror surface 793 implemented as a thin metallic backside coating of a substrate 799, for example. It is a recess 792 of the mirror surface 793 located adjacent to the imaging HOE 130 is also provided.
- the light 90 can pass through the recess 792 .
- a partially reflecting layer could be located in the recess 792, for example, which allows the light 90 to pass through in the wavelength range of the light source 111 and reflects ambient light.
- a bandpass filter could be used.
- FIG. 6A that the imaging HOE 130 extends along the mirror surface 793.
- FIG. The mirror surface 793 is arranged between the volume in which the hologram 150 is formed and the imaging HOE 130 .
- the imaging HOE 130 is in turn arranged between the mirror surface 793 and the light source 111, with an aperture 959 being provided.
- a depth sensor 950 is also provided.
- the imaging HOE 130 is arranged between the volume in which the hologram 150 is reconstructed and the depth sensor 950 .
- the depth sensor 950 uses light (rather than microwaves), light in a spectral range unaffected by the refractive index modulated range 131 of the imaging HOE 130 could be used.
- the light 90 used to reconstruct the hologram 150 could be in the visible spectrum; while the depth sensor 950 light could be in the infrared.
- the combination of the optical system 110 with a mirror 791 is only an example. It would also be conceivable for a system to be formed with a screen that extends along the imaging HOE 130 . In this case, the imaging HOE 130 could then be arranged between the screen and the volume, ie the screen could be arranged behind the imaging HOE 130 (from the viewer's point of view).
- FIG. 6B is a perspective view of the optical path 31.
- the deflection element 120 for example a light-shaping HOE, is visible.
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart of an exemplary method for preparing an optical system.
- the optical system 110 can be manufactured according to one of the examples discussed above.
- Optional blocks are shown in FIG. 7 shown with dashed lines.
- an imaging HOE is first provided.
- the imaging HOE 130 may be implemented according to the examples described above.
- block 3005 could include exposing the imaging HOE 130 to reference light from multiple interfering laser light sources. In this way, the refractive index-modulated region can be formed on a corresponding substrate. This defines the reconstruction angle 135 .
- providing a light-shaping HOE occurs.
- the light-shaping HOE 120 can be provided according to the examples described above.
- Block 3010 may include exposing the light-shaping HOE 120 to reference light from multiple interfering laser light sources.
- a light source may be provided.
- this can be arranged at a suitable distance from the light-shaping HOE.
- FIG. 8 illustrates aspects related to the optical system 110.
- FIG. FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a flologram 150.
- FIG. The optical system 110 of FIG. 8 basically corresponds to the optical system 110 from FIG. 1.
- the optical system 110 in FIG. 8 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a flologram 150.
- the optical system 110 of FIG. 8 basically corresponds to the optical system 110 from FIG. 1.
- the optical waveguide 301 guides the beam path 81 of the light 90, in general terms, to the imaging HOE 130.
- the optical waveguide 301 also guides the light 90 to the deflection element HOE 120 and further from the deflection element 120 towards the imaging HOE 130.
- the optical waveguide 301 can guide the light e.g. through total reflection at its interfaces towards the surrounding optical thinner medium.
- a coupling surface 302 of the optical waveguide 301 is arranged between the refractive or mirror-optical element 171, for example a collimator lens, and the light-shaping HOE 120.
- the in-coupling surface 302 could be oriented perpendicular to the optical axis of the collimator lens.
- the in-coupling surface 302 may be arranged, for example, between the light-shaping HOE 120 and the imaging HOE 130 .
- the optical waveguide 301 can implement the substrate 132 on which the imaging HOE 130 is arranged.
- the thickness 134 of the substrate 132 or the optical waveguide 301 can be dimensioned comparatively small (e.g. compared to the scenario in FIG. 2).
- FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 Such a scenario is shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 for an exemplary structural implementation.
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of an example structural implementation of the optical system 110 of FIG. 8 with the optical fiber 301.
- FIG. 10 is a side view of the structural implementation of the optical system 110 of FIG. 9. From FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 it can be seen that the optical waveguide 301 is made of bulk material, for example glass or plastic.
- the optical waveguide 301 can be implemented as an optical block 350 .
- the light-shaping HOE and the imaging HOE 130 can be arranged on different outer surfaces.
- the light by reflection in the optical fiber 301 repeatedly strikes the refractive index modulated region 131 of the imaging HOE 130 (unlike in FIG. 2) because the optical fiber 301 extends below the imaging HOE 130 and implements its substrate.
- the thickness 134 is thus much smaller than the lateral dimension 136, or in particular the length along the optical waveguide 301. In general, the thickness 134 cannot be greater than 20% of the length of the imaging HOE 130 along the optical waveguide 130.
- the beam cross section of the light 90 can also be reduced.
- the lateral extent of the light-shaping HOE 120 can thus be reduced, which makes the optical system 110 even more compact.
- optical system 110 aspects of the optical system 110 relating to the use of multiple optical channels are described below.
- FIG. 11 illustrates aspects related to an optical system 110.
- FIG. FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of the optical system 110 set up to generate a hologram 150.
- FIG. The optical system 110 in the example of FIG. 11 comprises two optical channels 31, 32.
- the optical channel 31 corresponds to the example in FIG. 8 and has already been discussed in connection with FIG. 8 discussed.
- the optical system 110 also includes the additional optical channel 32.
- This is implemented analogously to the optical channel 31, ie includes a light source 111#, a light-shaping HOE 171#, and an optical fiber 301# with a corresponding launch surface 302#.
- the optical system 110 can also include an aperture element 39 which is arranged between the optical channels 31 , 32 and prevents crosstalk of light between the optical channels 31 , 32 .
- the screen element 39 can be made of light-absorbing material.
- the shutter element 39 may extend between the respective light sources 111, 111# to the collimator lenses 171, 171# (or generally to refractive or specular optical elements, as discussed above). After collimation, the aperture can be dispensable.
- optical channels 31, 32 are configured accordingly.
- the optical channels 31, 32 it is possible for the optical channels 31, 32 to be configured differently, with regard to the arrangement and/or presence of optical elements.
- the optical fiber 301 and/or the optical fiber 301# can be dispensed with.
- the optical channels 31, 32 address different imaging HOEs 130, 130#, which each reconstruct a corresponding image motif 780-1, 780-2 of a hologram 150 by means of the light 90, 90#.
- the optical channels 31, 32 address the same imaging HOE 130, e.g. in different or overlapping areas. Such examples are shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 shown.
- the first optical channel 31 is set up to illuminate the region 801 of the imaging HOE with the light 90 and the second optical channel 32 is set up to illuminate with the light 90# the region 802 of the imaging HOE 130 to illuminate.
- the area 801 and the area 802 are arranged side by side. This makes it possible for a common image motif 780 to be reconstructed using light 90 and light 90# if both optical channels 31, 32 are activated at the same time. As a result, the corresponding image motif can have a particularly large area.
- the optical channel 31 illuminates a first area of the imaging HOE 130 with the light 90 and the optical channel 32 illuminates a second area of the imaging HOE 130 with the light 90#, the first areas of the second area have a common overlapping area.
- FIG. 13 shows one such example.
- optical channel 31 is configured to illuminate area 811 of imaging HOE 130 with light 90 and optical channel 32 is configured to illuminate area 812 of imaging HOE 130 with light 90#.
- the area 801 and the area 802 have an overlapping area 813, which is therefore served by both optical channels.
- the light 90 is used to create an image motif 780-1 within the hologram 150 and the light 90# is used to create an image motif 780-2 within the hologram 150.
- FIG. These image motifs can be arranged in the same spatial area, i.e. arranged in an overlapping manner in the volume of the hologram 150 (this is not represented in the schematic view of FIG. 13).
- interaction elements such as buttons, can be displayed in the same spatial area depending on whether optical channel 31 or optical channel 32 is activated.
- Interaction elements of a GUI - are displayed at the same position, depending on which optical channel 31, 32 is activated. Also, different color motifs can be realized in one area (when the light 90 and the light 90# use different wavelengths for reconstruction). Such Geometry is particularly advantageous because it allows the image motifs to be separated both in terms of wavelength and in terms of the reconstruction angle, thus avoiding crosstalk between the optical channels. It would also be conceivable to switch the brightness step by step by switching on individual optical channels (with the same image motif and colour).
- FIG. Figure 14 is a perspective view showing three optical channels 31, 32, 33 having optical paths 81, 81# and 81## that are parallel to each other.
- the collimator lenses 171, 171#, 171## are also integrally formed as a lens array.
- the collimator lenses 171, 171#, 171## could be made in a co-injection molding process or a co-3D printing process.
- FIG. 15 is an extension of the example of FIG. 14.
- a total of six optical channels 31-36 are used, with the optical channels 31-33 and 34-36 being arranged perpendicular to one another (ie the corresponding beam paths enclose an angle of 90° with one another).
- Channels 31-33 correspond to the example of FIG. 14; channels 34-36 also correspond to the example of FIG. 14
- a row-column array can be formed for different imaging HOEs 130 or at least different areas of a common imaging HOE.
- a row-column array of different image motifs could be reconstructed.
- the optical paths of the different optical channels could form different angles with one another, for example in the range from 45° to 90°.
- FIG. 16 is another example of a possible implementation of the optical system 110 with two optical channels 31, 32, whose optical paths 81, 81# run parallel to one another, namely at an angle of 180° to one another. The reconstruction angles thus differ by 180° in the azimuthal direction.
- FIG. 17 is a corresponding perspective view of the optical system of FIG. 16
- FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 show an optical system 110 in two different perspective views, which is an extension of the optical system 110 from FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 is
- the optical system 110 in FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 uses four optical channels 31-34, with each two channels having optical paths that are parallel to each other and each corresponding to the optical system 110 of FIG. 16 or FIG. 17 match.
- FIG. 20 schematically illustrates a controller according to various examples.
- FIG. 20 schematically illustrates a controller according to various examples.
- a data processing system 901 which comprises a processor 902 and a memory 903.
- the data processing system 901 implements the controller that can control multiple optical channels of an optical system as described above.
- the processor 902 can load program code from the memory 903 and execute it.
- the processor 902 can then turn on and off individual light sources associated with different optical channels of the optical system separately by issuing instructions via an interface 904 accordingly.
- the processor 902 can therefore individually control several light sources of different channels.
- FIG. 21 is a flowchart of an example method. The method of FIG.
- the optical system 110 is used to control an optical device with multiple optical channels.
- the optical system 110 can be controlled as described above.
- the method of FIG. 21 could be executed by a controller, for example by the processor 902 of the data processing system 901, based on program code from the memory 903 (compare FIG. 20).
- box 920 it is checked whether a first optical channel should be switched on. For this purpose, it could be checked, for example, whether a certain image motif of a floating flologram is to be displayed, the image motif which is to be displayed being generated by the first optical channel.
- TAB. 3 Different decision criteria that can be considered individually or cumulatively in box 920.
- a first light source associated with the first optical channel is turned on.
- box 930 a check is made according to the check in box 920 but for another optical channel.
- Box 935 then corresponds to box 925 again, but for the further optical channel.
- the optical channels can therefore be controlled individually.
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Abstract
Description
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CN202280030407.1A CN117280283A (zh) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | 用于浮动全息图的包括多个可切换光学通道的光学系统 |
KR1020237040811A KR20240004656A (ko) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | 복수의 전환 가능 광채널을 포함하는, 플로팅 홀로그램을 위한 광학계 |
EP22726028.8A EP4330773A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen |
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DE102021110734.2A DE102021110734A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Optisches System für schwebende Hologramme |
DE102021110734.2 | 2021-04-27 | ||
DE102021121550 | 2021-08-19 | ||
DE102021121550.1 | 2021-08-19 | ||
DE102021123.515.4 | 2021-09-10 | ||
DE102021123515.4A DE102021123515A1 (de) | 2021-09-10 | 2021-09-10 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen |
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PCT/EP2022/061185 WO2022229252A1 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme mit mehreren schaltbaren optischen kanälen |
PCT/EP2022/061197 WO2022229257A2 (de) | 2021-04-27 | 2022-04-27 | Optisches system für schwebende hologramme |
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2022
- 2022-04-26 EP EP22725768.0A patent/EP4330772A1/de active Pending
- 2022-04-26 WO PCT/EP2022/061025 patent/WO2022238109A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 WO PCT/EP2022/061185 patent/WO2022229252A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 EP EP22726036.1A patent/EP4330774A2/de active Pending
- 2022-04-27 KR KR1020237040811A patent/KR20240004656A/ko unknown
- 2022-04-27 WO PCT/EP2022/061197 patent/WO2022229257A2/de active Application Filing
- 2022-04-27 EP EP22726028.8A patent/EP4330773A1/de active Pending
- 2022-04-27 KR KR1020237040816A patent/KR20240001225A/ko unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2540474A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2017-01-18 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Vehicular signalling system and method |
US10164631B2 (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-12-25 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Holographic proximity switch |
EP3343531A1 (de) * | 2017-01-03 | 2018-07-04 | Valeo Vision | Informationskommunikationssystem mit einem nutzer in der nähe eines kraftfahrzeugs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20240001225A (ko) | 2024-01-03 |
WO2022229257A2 (de) | 2022-11-03 |
WO2022229257A3 (de) | 2023-01-05 |
WO2022238109A1 (de) | 2022-11-17 |
EP4330772A1 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
KR20240004656A (ko) | 2024-01-11 |
EP4330773A1 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
EP4330774A2 (de) | 2024-03-06 |
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