WO2022227790A1

WO2022227790A1 - Foaming wire and preparation method, fdm printing method, printing device and storage medium

Info

Publication number: WO2022227790A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/076158
Authority: WO
Inventors: 黄宇立; 蒋铭波; 郝明洋; 罗小帆
Original assignee: 苏州聚复科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2022-02-14
Publication date: 2022-11-03
Also published as: CN113183455A

Abstract

The present application discloses a foaming wire, a preparation method, an FDM printing method, a printing device and a storage medium. The foaming wire comprises a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70%-99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5%-30%. The foaming wire has good foaming performance. A printing component formed by printing by using the foaming material can have advantages such as having a frosted surface, being light-weight and being soft as a whole.

Description

Foamed wire and preparation method, FDM printing method, printing equipment and storage medium

technical field

The present application relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a foamed wire material and a preparation method, an FDM printing method, a printing device and a storage medium.

Background technique

As we all know, the traditional fabric manufacturing process is that the fibers are prepared by a certain weaving process. Restricted by the weaving process, traditional fabrics cannot be completely free for appearance and functional design, and cannot meet individualized customization needs.

In some application scenarios, the relevant industry uses 3D printing technology to print patterns on existing fabrics to achieve some personalized needs, but it is still limited by various factors such as design tools and printing methods, and it is impossible to carry out the main structure of the fabric. Printing, so it is still unable to meet the diversified needs of fabric design.

In other application scenarios, some relevant manufacturers have used 3D printing technology, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology, to print a certain type of fabric, but due to the limitations of printing materials and printing methods, the formation of Such fabrics have problems such as heavy weight and rough surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the shortcomings of the above-mentioned related art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a foamed wire material and a preparation method, an FDM printing method, a printing device and a storage medium, so as to overcome the difficulty of applying the 3D printing technology in the above-mentioned related art to fabrics The printed or printed fabric has problems such as heavier weight and rough surface.

In order to achieve the above purpose and other related purposes, a first aspect of the present application discloses a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing, the foamed wire rod comprises a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the polymer elastomer resin The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 70% to 99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.

A second aspect of the present application discloses a method for preparing a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing as described in the first aspect of the present application, comprising: placing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent into a screw extruder and extruding to form a wire ; Pull the wire and shape the wire after cooling to form a foamed wire of the target size; in the foamed wire, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, so The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.

A third aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing method, which is applied to an FDM printing device. The FDM printing method includes the following steps: reading FDM printing data, where the FDM printing data includes data corresponding to at least one cross-sectional layer pattern instruction; control the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer; wherein, the printing material is the FDM-based FDM described in the first aspect of the application The printed foamed wire; the above steps are repeated according to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to accumulate and print the cured layer layer by layer to obtain a printing member; the printing member has a frosted surface.

A fourth aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing device, including a printing platform, a driving device, a nozzle device, and a control device, wherein the nozzle device extrudes at a preset extrusion magnification for the FDM-based FDM described in the first aspect of the application For the printed foamed wire, the extrusion ratio is related to the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire.

A fifth aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing fabric, the filament used in the printing process is the foamed filament based on FDM printing described in the first aspect of the present application, or the adopted printing process is as described in the third aspect of the present application The FDM printing method, or the preparation process using the wire, is the preparation method described in the second aspect of the present application, and the FDM printing fabric has a frosted surface.

A sixth aspect of the present application discloses a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program executes and implements the FDM printing method according to the fifth aspect of the present application when called by a processor.

To sum up, the present application can provide a new foamed wire based on FDM printing and use the foamed wire for FDM printing to print a fabric structure with a matte surface and an overall light and soft fabric structure, so as to realize the structural design that cannot be realized by traditional fabrics. , so as to improve the design freedom of the fabric in appearance and function, and meet various personalized needs.

Other aspects and advantages of the present application can be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. Only exemplary embodiments of the present application are shown and described in the following detailed description. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the content of this application enables those skilled in the art to make changes to the specific embodiments disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention to which this application relates. Accordingly, the drawings and descriptions in the specification of the present application are only exemplary and not restrictive.

Description of drawings

The invention to which this application relates is set forth with particularity characteristic of the appended claims. The features and advantages of the inventions involved in this application can be better understood by reference to the exemplary embodiments described in detail hereinafter and the accompanying drawings. A brief description of the drawings is as follows:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a foamed wire based on FDM printing of the present application.

FIG. 2 shows a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of the FDM printing apparatus of the present application in an embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the FDM printing method of the present application.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a shoe upper fabric printed from a foamed wire in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present application are described below by specific specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification.

In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which describe several embodiments of the present application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and modular or unit compositional, electrical, as well as operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description should not be considered limiting, and the scope of embodiments of the present application is limited only by the claims of the issued patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application.

Although in some instances the terms first, second, etc. are used herein to describe various elements, information or parameters, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or parameter from another element or parameter.

Also, as used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context dictates otherwise. It should be further understood that the terms "comprising", "comprising" indicate the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and/or groups, but do not exclude one or more other features, steps, operations, The existence, appearance or addition of elements, assemblies, items, categories, and/or groups. The terms "or" and "and/or" as used herein are to be construed to be inclusive or to mean any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and/or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C" . Exceptions to this definition arise only when combinations of elements, functions, steps, or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

As described in the background art, traditional fabrics are prepared from fibers through a certain weaving process. For example, fibers are spun into yarns, which are then woven by looms to form fabric structures. The density of this traditional fabric structure is uniform, and the appearance and structure cannot be freely designed due to technological limitations.

In other application scenarios, some relevant manufacturers have used 3D printing technology, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology, to print a certain type of fabric, but due to the limitations of printing materials and printing methods, the formation of Such fabrics have problems such as heavy weight and rough surface. In order to solve the surface roughness problem of the printed parts on the surface of components printed by FDM technology, such as layering. The general post-processing methods include mechanical polishing and chemical vapor polishing. Mechanical grinding and polishing does not require the matrix resin of the printed component, but requires manual operation, which is labor-intensive, takes a long time, and sometimes destroys the integrity of the printed component, resulting in a low success rate. The chemical reagents are generally toxic to the human body, cause pollution to the environment, and the reagents are not easy to buy.

FDM printing technology, also sometimes referred to as Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for thermoplastic polymers. Although a few different forms exist, this technology generally uses a continuous strand or strand of thermoplastic polymer by feeding it into a heated nozzle where it is melted to form a viscous melt and continuously extruded through the nozzle. At the same time, the nozzle or extruder assembly moves in three dimensions under the precise control of stepper motors and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software to build the object. The first layer of the object is usually printed directly on a certain printing substrate, and the subsequent printing layers are continuously superimposed and fused (or partially fused) to the previous layer by cooling and solidification. This process continues until the print component is fully constructed.

FDM printing technology has been widely used in model making fields such as architecture, art, industrial design, toys, etc. At the same time, with the development of technology, FDM has also begun to get involved in some new fields, such as shoemaking. In some application scenarios, FDM printing technology can be used to print the upper part. The commonly used printing material for the upper part is an elastomer material (such as thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, Thermoplastic Urethane, referred to as TPU). Take TPU material as an example, TPU material The printed vamp has a strong plastic feel: the vamp is reflective as a whole, hard to the touch, and sticky and oily to the hand. In addition, because of the high density of the TPU material itself, the printed vamp tends to be heavier. Weight, the vamp design can only be designed into a hollow shape. Therefore, the development of new printing materials is of great significance for the rapid development of the 3D printing field.

In view of this, the present application discloses, in a first aspect, a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing, the foamed wire rod can be foamed once during the processing and molding of the wire rod, and can be foamed twice during the FDM printing process, so that the printing The surface of the printed component has a matte texture, and the printed component is light and soft as a whole.

The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing disclosed in this application includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.

The mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and in different embodiments, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin can be 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74% , 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91 %, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, of course, the above mass percentage may present any non-integer within the range of 70% to 99.5%, For example, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, etc.

The polymer elastomer resin can be used but not limited to: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer TPU, thermoplastic elastomer TPE, thermoplastic rubber material TPR, thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, thermoplastic vulcanizate TPV, nylon-based elastomer, or any of them. any combination.

Take TPU as an example. As an elastomer, TPU is a material between rubber and plastic. Its elastic modulus is 10Mpa~1000Mpa, its hardness range is wide (60HA-85HD), and it is in a wide temperature range (- 40℃～120℃), with good flexibility. TPU is widely used in daily necessities, sporting goods, toys, decorative materials and other fields because of its good solvent resistance, weather resistance and excellent resistance to high-energy rays.

The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%. In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 1% to 20%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

Taking the mass percentage of the foaming agent as 1% to 6% as an example, in different embodiments, the mass percentage of the foaming agent may be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, of course, the above mass percentage may present any non-integer within the range of 1% to 6%, for example, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, etc.

The foaming agent may be, but not limited to, microsphere foaming agent, AC foaming agent, or white foaming agent.

Microsphere foaming agent is a milky white tiny spherical plastic particle with a diameter of 10 microns to 45 microns. When heated to a certain temperature, the thermoplastic shell of the microsphere foaming agent softens, the gas in the shell expands, and the foaming agent The volume of the microsphere can be rapidly increased to dozens of times its own, and the foamed microsphere shell will not be broken, and still maintain a complete sealed sphere. Using the microsphere foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

AC foaming agent can decompose into a large amount of gas in a very narrow temperature range and in a very short time, and the generated gas and residue are non-toxic, odorless, non-polluting, non-coloring, non-corrosive to processing equipment, and do not affect the quality of products. Mechanical properties and stability, good dispersibility in plastics and rubbers, and fine and uniform cells formed. It is an organic foaming agent with a very wide range of applications today. Taking the AC foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 8%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

White foaming agent is an endothermic white solid foaming agent. The gas released during decomposition has no odor, and the decomposition residue is white. No additives or activators can be added during foaming, and its performance is stable and has good dispersibility. , the product using this foaming agent has good chromaticity, and the cells are uniform and dense. Taking the white foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 0.5% to 20%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%.

Of course, in addition to the polymer elastomer resin and foaming agent, the FDM-based foamed wire disclosed in this application may also include other additives, such as color concentrate, antioxidant/aging agent, and processing aid. Wait. Wherein, the color masterbatch is a mixture of resins and a large amount of pigments (up to 50% or more) or dyes formulated into high-concentration colors.

When preparing the foamed wire, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are fully mixed according to a certain mass percentage and then extruded through a screw extruder.

In some embodiments, the screw extruder is a single-screw extruder, that is, the foamed strand is extruded by a single-screw extruder after mixing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent .

In some applications, the method of extruding the foamed wire rod with a single-screw extruder may include: mixing the polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming agent powder, mixing the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming The agent is put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form a foamed strand.

In some applications, the method of extruding the foamed wire rod with a single-screw extruder may include: mixing the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch, mixing the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming The masterbatch is put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form a foamed strand.

Regarding the foamed masterbatch, in certain embodiments, the foamed masterbatch can be prepared by a twin-screw extruder. In some applications, the method of preparing the foaming masterbatch by using a twin-screw extruder may include: mixing blowing agent powder and resin particles, and placing the mixed blowing agent powder and resin particles in the twin-screw extruder Extruded to form foamed masterbatch.

Wherein, the resin particles suitable for preparing the foamed master batch should be compatible with the polymer elastomer resin particles, for example, the material of the resin particles is the same or similar to the material of the polymer elastomer resin particles of.

The foamed strand extruded by the screw extruder should meet the specified target size.

In certain embodiments, the foamed wire has a diameter of 1.65 mm to 1.85 mm, eg, a diameter of 1.70 mm to 1.80 mm.

In different embodiments, the diameter of the foamed wire may be 1.65mm, 1.66mm, 1.67mm, 1.68mm, 1.69mm, 1.70mm, 1.71mm, 1.72mm, 1.73mm, 1.74mm, 1.75mm, 1.76mm mm, 1.77mm, 1.78mm, 1.79mm, 1.80mm, 1.81mm, 1.82mm, 1.83mm, 1.84mm, 1.85mm, of course, the value of the above diameter may be arbitrary within the range of 1.65mm to 1.85mm. value of .

In certain embodiments, the foamed wire has a diameter of 2.75 mm to 3.15 mm, eg, a diameter of 2.80 mm to 3.10 mm.

In different embodiments, the diameter of the foamed wire may be 2.75mm, 2.76mm, 2.77mm, 2.78mm, 2.79mm, 2.80mm, 2.81mm, 2.82mm, 2.83mm, 2.84mm, 2.85mm, 2.86mm mm, 2.87mm, 2.88mm, 2.89mm, 2.90mm, 2.91mm, 2.92mm, 2.93mm, 2.94mm, 2.95mm, 2.96mm, 2.97mm, 2.98mm, 2.99mm, 3.00mm, 3.01mm, 3.02mm, 3.03mm, 3.04mm, 3.05mm, 3.06mm, 3.07mm, 3.08mm, 3.09mm, 3.10mm, 3.11mm, 3.12mm, 3.13mm, 3.14mm, 3.15mm, of course, the value of the above diameter may be in the above 2.75mm Arbitrary values will appear within the range of ~3.15mm.

In certain embodiments, the foamed wire has a density of 0.5 g/cm ³ to 1.0 g/cm ³ .

In different embodiments, the density of the foamed wire may be 0.50g/ ^cm3 , 0.55g/ ^cm3 , 0.60g/ ^cm3 , 0.65g/ ^cm3 , 0.70g/ ^cm3 , 0.75g/cm3 ³ , 0.80g/cm ³ , 0.85g/cm ³ , 0.90g/cm ³ , 0.95g/cm ³ , 1.0g/cm ³ , of course, the value of the above diameter may be in the above 0.5g/cm ³ ～1.0g/ Any value in the range between cm ³ will be presented.

To sum up, the disclosed foamed wire rod based on FDM printing includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 70% to 99.5%. The mass percentage is 0.5% to 30%, and the foamed wire rod can produce one-time foaming during the processing and molding of the wire rod. Compared with the ordinary wire rod, it has the advantages of low density, light weight and frosted surface.

In a second aspect, the present application discloses a preparation method of a foamed wire rod based on FDM printing, and the foamed wire rod with the aforementioned characteristics can be prepared by the preparation method.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which shows a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of a method for preparing a foamed wire material based on FDM printing of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the preparation method of the foamed wire based on FDM printing includes the following steps:

In step S110, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are put into the screw extruder and extruded to form a line.

In step S110, the screw extruder may include, for example, a single screw extruder.

In some embodiments, the polymer elastomer resin may be in the form of particles, and the foaming agent may be in the form of powder, that is, in step S110, the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent powder are mixed , put the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and foaming agent into a single-screw extruder and extrude to form a line.

In some embodiments, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are in the form of particles, that is, in step S110, the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming masterbatch are mixed, and the mixed high Molecular elastomer resin particles and foamed masterbatches are put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form strands.

Wherein, the way of mixing the foaming agent powder and the resin particles may include: putting the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming masterbatch together (for example, putting them in a container) and mixing the two sufficiently by means such as mechanical stirring. Mix to form the desired premix.

Regarding the foaming masterbatch, it can be directly purchased or prepared. Therefore, in some embodiments, the screw extruder may further include a twin-screw extruder, and the twin-screw extruder is used to prepare the foamed masterbatch. The method of preparing the foaming masterbatch by using a twin-screw extruder may include: mixing the blowing agent powder and resin particles, extruding the mixed blowing agent powder and resin particles in the twin-screw extruder, and cooling After treatment, such as shearing, etc., the foamed masterbatch is finally formed.

When putting the polymer elastomer resin and foaming agent into the screw extruder, attention should be paid to controlling the ratio of the two, so that the prepared foamed wire meets the requirements.

Among them, the microsphere foaming agent is a milky white tiny spherical plastic particle with a diameter of 10 microns to 45 microns. When heated to a certain temperature, the thermoplastic shell of the microsphere foaming agent softens, and the gas in the shell expands. The volume of the foaming agent can be rapidly increased to dozens of times of itself, and the shell of the foamed microspheres will not be broken, and still maintain a complete sealed sphere.

Among them, AC foaming agent can decompose into a large amount of gas in a very narrow temperature range and in a very short time, and the generated gas and residue are non-toxic, odorless, pollution-free, non-coloring, non-corrosive to processing equipment, and do not affect The mechanical properties and stability of the product have good dispersibility in plastics and rubber, and the formed cells are fine and uniform. It is an organic foaming agent with a very wide range of applications today.

Among them, the white foaming agent is an endothermic white solid foaming agent. The gas released during decomposition has no odor, and the decomposition residue is white. No additives or activators can be added during foaming. Its performance is stable and has good Dispersibility, the products using this foaming agent have good chromaticity, and the cells are uniform and dense.

Generally, taking a single-screw extruder as an example, the screw in the single-screw extruder may include, but is not limited to, a feeding section, a compression section, a homogenization section (metering section), and a cylindrical die.

Taking the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch fully mixed to form a prefabricated mixture as an example, the lines are formed by melt-extruding the prefabricated mixture through a single-screw extruder.

Wherein, the feeding section is used to preheat the prefabricated mixed material to make it compact after being pressed, but it is required that the prefabricated mixed material cannot be heated and plasticized, and the expansion of the blowing agent should also be controlled to avoid its Excessive expansion, therefore, the set temperature in the feeding section should fully consider the plasticizing temperature of the polymer elastomer resin and the expansion of the foaming agent. For example, in some embodiments, the feeding can be The heating temperature of the section is controlled to be less than or equal to a set temperature to ensure the stability of the polymer elastomer resin and the blowing agent in the pre-mixed material during the feeding process. The set temperature is related to the plasticization temperature of the polymer elastomer resin and the expansion temperature of the foaming agent.

In the compression section and homogenization section of the screw, the temperature setting is higher than in the feeding section. For example, the heating temperature of the compression section can be set above the plasticization temperature of the premixed material to ensure that the preformed mixed material conveyed from the feeding section is sufficiently plasticized in the compression section. In addition, the heating temperature in the homogenization section can be set higher than that in the compression section, so as to further uniformly plasticize the prefabricated mixture and further mix it. In the homogenization section, the molten material can be accurately, Quantitative delivery.

The temperature settings of the above-mentioned sections are only exemplary, and in practical applications, they can still be adjusted according to the properties of the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent in the prefabricated mixture.

In addition, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is also set accordingly. The screw compression ratio of a single-screw extruder refers to the ratio of the volume of the first screw groove in the feeding section to the volume of the last screw groove in the homogenization section. Generally, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder can be controlled at 1.5 to 5. Of course, if the screw compression ratio is set larger, the plasticizing effect of the prefabricated mixture will be more uniform. In some embodiments, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder can be controlled to be greater than or equal to 2.8, for example, the screw compression ratio can be controlled to be 2.8 to 4.

The die is an orifice member mounted at the end of a single screw extruder that forms the extrudate into a defined cross-sectional shape. For example, the die can be a cylindrical die, and by using the cylindrical die, the molten material conveyed from the homogenization section can be extruded into a line with a circular cross-section. Taking a cylindrical die as an example, the diameter of the extrusion opening of the cylindrical die is to be adapted to the target size of the prepared foamed wire, for example, in some embodiments, a small-sized cylindrical For the die, the diameter of the extrusion opening is 1.65 mm to 1.85 mm. In some embodiments, a large-sized cylindrical die is used, and the diameter of the extrusion opening is 2.75 mm to 3.15 mm.

It can be seen from the above that in step S110, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent can be extruded and formed after a single foaming process during the extrusion process of the single-screw extruder.

In step S120, the wire is drawn and the wire is cooled and then shaped to form a foamed wire of the target size.

In step S120, the step of drawing the wire and forming the wire after cooling treatment includes: using a pulling machine to draw the wire extruded by the single-screw extruder and passing the wire through a cooling water tank for cooling and shaping. Wherein, the water temperature of the cooling water tank is less than or equal to 30°C, for example, the water temperature of the cooling water tank is 20°C to 30°C.

After that, the tractor, caliper, and wire storage rack are used for winding to obtain the foamed wire of the target size. Wherein, during the pulling process, the real size of the wire is controlled within 101% to 106% of the target size.

In certain embodiments, the target size of the foamed wire is set to be 1.65 mm to 1.85 mm in diameter.

Assuming that the target diameter of the foamed wire is set to 1.75cm, the actual diameter of the foamed wire is controlled to be 101% to 106% of the target size during the pulling process, that is, during the pulling process, the diameter of the foamed wire is The actual diameter size is controlled at 1.77mm ~ 1.86mm.

In certain embodiments, the target size of the foamed wire is set to be 2.75 mm to 3.15 mm in diameter.

Assuming that the target diameter of the foamed wire is set to 2.95cm, the actual diameter of the foamed wire is controlled to be 101% to 106% of the target size during the pulling process, that is, during the pulling process, the diameter of the foamed wire is The actual diameter size is controlled at 2,.98mm ~ 3.13mm.

Additionally, in some embodiments, the foamed wire has a density of 0.5 g/cm ³ to 1.0 g/cm ³ .

The foamed wire produced by the above preparation method includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent.

Using the microsphere foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

Taking the AC foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 8%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.

Taking the white foaming agent as the foaming agent, the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 0.5% to 20%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 15%. In certain embodiments, the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10%.

In practical applications, the preparation method further includes the steps of using a tractor to pull the foamed wire to the wire storage rack, winding, packing, and the like.

For the foamed wire rod disclosed in the present application, the foamed wire rod of the target size is obtained by placing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent into a single-screw extruder and extruding through a foaming process. The foamed wire rod can generate one-time foaming during the wire rod processing and molding process, and has the advantages of low density, light weight, and frosted surface compared with ordinary wire rods.

The present application discloses, in a third aspect, an FDM printing method, the FDM printing method being performed by an FDM printing apparatus.

In an exemplary embodiment, please refer to FIG. 2 , which shows a simplified schematic structural diagram of the FDM printing apparatus disclosed in the fourth aspect of the present application in an embodiment.

As shown in the figure, the FDM printing apparatus includes: a printing platform 21, a driving device, a nozzle device 22, and a control device (not shown).

The driving device includes a Z-axis driving mechanism 231 that can move up and down relative to the printing platform 21 , and an X-axis driving mechanism 232 and a Y-axis driving mechanism (not shown) disposed on the Z-axis driving mechanism 231 . The nozzle device 22 is disposed on the X-axis driving mechanism 232 or the Y-axis driving mechanism, and is used to melt the introduced hot-melt material and extrude it to the printing platform 21 according to the printing path.

The Z-axis driving mechanism 231 is used to drive the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the Z direction, the Y-axis mechanism is used to drive the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the Y direction, and the X-axis mechanism is used to drive the nozzle device 22 Displacement in the X direction. The printing platform 21 is disposed below the X-axis driving mechanism 232 and the Y-axis driving mechanism for attaching the stacked printing components.

In some embodiments, the printing platform 21 further has a component plate for carrying printing components, and the printing platform 21 moves up and down in the Z-axis direction under the action of the Z-axis driving mechanism 231 . The control device is electrically connected to the drive device and the print head device, and is used to control the drive device and the print head device to execute the printing task of each layer according to the printing path according to the read FDM print data, so as to use the printing platform on the printing platform. The melted printing wires are stacked and formed to obtain a printing member.

It should be understood that the stacking molding refers to that during the working process of the printing equipment based on fusion lamination molding, the printing wire is extruded on the printing platform after being melted by the nozzle device, and a layer of thin solidified layer is formed after cooling. After the section formation of one layer is completed, the printing operation of the next layer is performed, that is, spraying is continued on the surface of the solidified layer of the sheet to stack the melted printing wires to form a printing member.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the FDM printing apparatus further includes a frame 23 for carrying or fixing other devices.

In one embodiment, the control device includes a storage unit, a processing unit, and an interface unit.

Wherein, the storage unit includes non-volatile memory, volatile memory and the like. Wherein, the non-volatile memory is, for example, a solid state disk or a U disk. The storage unit is connected with the processing unit through a system bus. The processing unit includes at least one of a CPU or a chip integrated with the CPU, a programmable logic device (FPGA), and a multi-core processor.

The interface unit includes a plurality of drive-reserved interfaces, and each of the drive-reserved interfaces is electrically connected to a device independently packaged in the FDM printing equipment such as a nozzle device and a drive device and which transmits data or drives work through the interface, thereby controlling all the devices. In the FDM printing equipment, such as the nozzle device and the driving device, the device is packaged independently and transmits data or drives the work through the interface. The control device further includes at least one of the following: a prompt device, a human-computer interaction unit, and the like. The interface unit determines its interface type according to the connected device, which includes but is not limited to: universal serial interface, video interface, industrial control interface, and the like. For example, the reserved driver interface includes: a USB interface, an HDMI interface and an RS232 interface, wherein there are multiple USB interfaces and RS232 interfaces, the USB interface can be connected to a human-computer interaction unit, etc., and the RS232 interface is connected to the nozzle device and the drive device, etc. , so as to control the nozzle device and the drive device, etc.

In one embodiment, the spray head device may further include: a material guiding part, a heating part, and a nozzle. Wherein, the material guide part includes a material guide pipe and a wire feeding gear, which are used to transport the printing material provided by the wire feeding mechanism to the heating part for heating; the heating part is provided with a thermistor to detect the temperature, so as to heat the temperature to the melting point of the printing material; the heated and melted printing material is sprayed on the printing platform through a nozzle.

Here, the printing material, that is, the hot-melt material, is the foamed wire disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, and the polymer elastomer resin The mass percentage of the foaming agent is: 70% to 99.5% of the polymer elastomer resin, and 0.5% to 30% of the foaming agent.

Wherein, the wire feeding mechanism refers to a mechanism that provides a printing wire for the nozzle device. In some cases, the wire feeding mechanism includes a storage structure for storing the printing wire, and one end of the printing wire is put into the inlet of the nozzle device. The nozzle device can continuously introduce the printing wire in the working state to melt and then discharge the wire from the nozzle. In other embodiments, the wire feeding mechanism further comprises a feeding/guiding device for guiding the printing wire to the wire inlet of the nozzle device, so as to convey/guide the printing wire to the wire in the working state. The filament inlet of the nozzle device is used so that the printing wire can smoothly enter the nozzle device to be melted. The control device is used for controlling the driving device and the nozzle to work together to print the component according to the read slice data of each layer of the printing component.

In some other cases, the printing platform further includes a heating device, and heating the printing platform through the heating device can provide a transitional environment for the forming process, so as to prevent the molten filament from being extruded and formed due to the melting temperature and the forming temperature. If the temperature difference is too large, a large internal stress is formed during the molding process, which is not conducive to the stability of the product structure and affects the product quality. Therefore, a constant temperature environment can be provided by the heating device to control the temperature within a suitable range, so that the material can be formed and large internal stress can be avoided during the forming process, thereby improving the quality of forming and the precision of the printed component.

The FLA-based printing device heats and melts various filaments to form a stack, and the heating nozzle is controlled by a computer to move in a plane along the X-axis and the Y-axis according to the cross-sectional profile information of the product parts. The material is sent to the hot melt nozzle by the wire feeding mechanism, heated and melted into a semi-liquid state in the nozzle, and then extruded. A layer of flake outlines is formed. After the section formation of one layer is completed, the worktable is lowered to a certain height along the Z axis, and then the next layer of cladding is carried out. In this cycle, a three-dimensional product part is finally formed.

In an exemplary embodiment, please refer to FIG. 3 , which is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the FDM printing method of the present application.

As shown in the figure, step S310 is executed to read FDM print data, where the FDM print data includes a data command corresponding to at least one cross-sectional layer pattern.

In step S310, the FDM printing device is controlled to read FDM printing data.

The FDM print data includes print data instructions of the member to be printed, and the member to be printed includes various cross-sectional layer patterns, so the print data instruction of the to-be-printed member includes the corresponding cross-sectional layer patterns. data command. Wherein, the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns is equal to the number of printing layers of the component to be printed. For example, when the number of printing layers is 1, the print data instruction of the component to be printed includes a data command of a cross-sectional pattern; when the number of printing layers is multiple, the printing data instruction of the component to be printed includes The data commands include data commands for multiple cross-sectional layer patterns.

Here, after obtaining the FDM printing data, the FDM printing device executes step S320.

Step S320 is executed to control the nozzle device of the FDM printing apparatus to extrude the printing material toward the printing surface along the printing path according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer.

In step S320, the FDM printing apparatus prints a cured layer according to a cross-sectional layer pattern in the acquired FDM printing data.

For an FDM printing device based on fused deposition modeling, the FDM printing device controls its nozzle device to extrude the printing material to the printing surface along the printing path according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer.

Here, the control device in the FDM printing device controls the nozzle device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface on the printing platform according to the data instruction corresponding to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a corresponding cross-sectional layer pattern printed cured layer. Wherein, each printing line is included in the cross-sectional layer pattern, and these printing lines correspond to the printing path when printing by the FDM printing device. The coordinates of each printing point in the printing line are processed by the data to form the data command, so the control device of the FDM printing device controls the driving device to drive the nozzle to traverse each printing point according to the data command and extrude the printing material on the printing surface. to obtain the printed cured layer.

Wherein, the printing material used by the FDM printing equipment is the foamed wire disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, the polymer elastomer resin and The mass percentage of the foaming agent is: 70% to 99.5% of the polymer elastomer resin, and 0.5% to 30% of the foaming agent.

In the preparation method of the foamed wire disclosed in the second aspect of the present application, the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent are put into a single-screw extruder and foamed once during the extrusion process of the single-screw extruder. Extruded after the process. In step S320, the foamed wire will be foamed again when the nozzle device is heated and formed into a molten state, that is, the foamed wire can be foamed twice during the printing process. Therefore, when the foamed material used in this embodiment is used for FDM printing, some process parameters on the FDM printing device need to be adjusted or newly set, and the process parameters include but are not limited to: extrusion rate.

During the use of ordinary filaments on FDM printing equipment, the actual length of the extruded filaments tends to be short due to the tolerance of the extruder gear of the printing equipment or the slippage during the transmission of the gear and the filament during the extrusion process. Its extrusion rate needs to be calibrated.

For example, when the FDM printing device is working, it will extrude the wire of the set length. When the actual length of the extruded wire is too short, the extrusion multiplier parameter (Extrusion Multiplier) is usually adjusted in the slicing software of the FDM printing device, usually The extrusion magnification parameter is defaulted to 100% or 1. By adjusting this extrusion magnification parameter, the filament extruded by the FDM printing equipment will increase to the set length. Taking 100mm wire as an example, in the case of uncalibrated (that is, the extrusion magnification parameter is 100% or 1), the extrusion may be 98mm during the actual printing process. Therefore, during calibration, 98mm can be used as the base, and the extrusion magnification The parameter is adjusted to 102% (here, the extrusion magnification parameter after the extrusion magnification parameter can be adjusted to 102% is called the calibration extrusion magnification parameter), then the actual length of the subsequently extruded wire will increase to 100mm, which is in line with the setting length.

As mentioned above, in the embodiments of the present application, the printing material used by the FDM printing device is the foamed wire rod disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire rod includes a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, The foamed wire is different from the ordinary wire. The foamed wire will be foamed again when the nozzle device is heated and formed into a molten state, that is, the foamed wire can be re-foamed during the printing process, so that it is The volume expands further. Assuming that the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire is 1.2, when the foamed wire with a diameter of 1.75mm is rolled into 100mm by the extrusion mechanism at the nozzle device, and the wire volume is 240mm ³ , then the second time after heating by the nozzle device For foaming, the actual volume of material extruded at the spray head of the nozzle device was 288.48 mm ³ .

Therefore, based on the expansion system of the foamed wire, it is necessary to make a secondary adjustment on the basis of the aforementioned calibrated extrusion magnification system, and the extrusion magnification of the secondary adjustment should be the calibration extrusion magnification parameter and the expansion ratio. The quotient of the expansion coefficient of the foam wire, that is, the extrusion magnification of the secondary adjustment is the quotient of dividing 102% by 1.2, that is, 85%. In this way, under the extrusion magnification of the second adjustment, the volume of the extruded wire will be equal to the volume of the material extruded from the nozzle device, so as to obtain better quality of the printing member and printing success rate.

Please continue to refer to FIG. 3 , step S330 is executed, and the step of controlling the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional pattern according to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to obtain a printed solidified layer is repeatedly performed, The printed member is obtained by accumulating and printing the cured layer layer by layer.

Here, when the cross-sectional layer pattern is one, the printed member can be obtained after performing S310 and S320. When there are multiple cross-sectional layer patterns, step S320 is repeated according to the specific number of cross-sectional layer patterns, so as to accumulate the printed and cured layers on the basis of the previous layer layer by layer, so as to obtain the printed and cured layers corresponding to the number of cross-sectional layer patterns. layer to form a printed member.

In an exemplary embodiment, the FDM printing method further includes a post-processing step. The post-processing steps include, but are not limited to, trimming the printed print member. For example, since the print data on which the FDM printing apparatus is based is obtained according to the FDM print data generating method in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application. If there is a projection outline in the generation stage of FDM printing data, when the non-closed texture lines in the same slice pattern are connected by path auxiliary lines to obtain a cross-section layer pattern, the solidification printed according to the print data of the cross-section layer pattern Layers also include line structures outside of outlines. Therefore, in some cases, these out-of-contour line structures can be trimmed to obtain the desired 3D printed component.

Since the foamed wire disclosed in this application can still be foamed and expanded during printing, not only can the weight of the printed component be lighter than that of the printed component printed with ordinary wire, but the higher the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire The larger the weight, the greater the weight difference between the two. In addition, the material expansion during printing will also increase the matte texture of the surface of the printing component and make it light and soft as a whole, so as to achieve the effect of eliminating the common surface layers of ordinary wires.

The FDM printing method in this application can realize the printing of complex structures, and is especially suitable for the printing of fabric structures, so as to provide more possibilities in the design of structure and function, and meet the individual needs of users.

The present application discloses an FDM printing fabric in a fifth aspect, wherein the wire used in the FDM printing fabric is the foamed wire based on FDM printing as described above, or the printing process used is FDM printing as described above The method or the preparation process using the wire is the preparation method as described above, and the foamed wire based on FDM printing, the preparation method of the foamed wire and the FDM printing method will not be repeated here.

Among them, the FDM printing fabric has the advantages of matte surface and overall lightness and softness. The FDM printed fabric can be any kind of textile, including but not limited to common fabric structures such as clothing, cloth, shoe uppers, and the like.

Taking the shoe upper as an example, the shoe upper fabric can be printed using the foamed wire disclosed in this application. Please refer to FIG. 4 , which is a schematic diagram of a shoe upper fabric printed from a foamed wire according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4 , the upper fabric formed by using the foam wire disclosed in the present application to print presents a matte feeling. Compared with the upper printed by the ordinary wire, the plastic feeling can be obviously eliminated visually, and The printed upper fabric is softer, drier to the touch and significantly reduces weight. For example, the weight of the upper fabric formed by printing with TPU foamed wire is 50% to 70% of the mass of the upper formed by printing with ordinary TPU wire.

The present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing at least one computer program, and when the at least one computer program is executed, implements at least one of the embodiments described above for the FDM printing method.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiments provided in this application, the computer readable and writable storage medium may include read-only memory, random access memory, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, flash memory, A USB stick, a removable hard disk, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the instructions are sent from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave Coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium. It should be understood, however, that computer-readable storage media and data storage media do not include connections, carrier waves, signals, or other transitory media, but are instead intended to be non-transitory, tangible storage media. Disk and disc, as used in the application, includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk, and blu-ray disc, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs use lasers to optically reproduce data replicate the data.

In one or more exemplary aspects, the functions described by the computer programs of the methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The steps of the methods or algorithms disclosed herein may be embodied in processor-executable software modules, where the processor-executable software modules may reside on a tangible, non-transitory computer readable and writable storage medium. Tangible, non-transitory computer-readable storage media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

The flowcharts and block diagrams in the above-described figures of the present application illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. Based on this, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more possible functions for implementing the specified logical function(s) Execute the instruction. It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It is also noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustrations, can be implemented by dedicated hardware-based systems that perform the specified functions or operations , or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

The above-mentioned embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone skilled in the art can make modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed in this application should still be covered by the claims of this application.

Claims

A foamed wire based on FDM printing, characterized in that the foamed wire comprises a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, so The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.
The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the polymer elastomer resin is: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer TPU, thermoplastic elastomer TPE, thermoplastic rubber material TPR, thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, thermoplastic vulcanizate TPV, nylon based elastomer, or any combination of them.
The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 2% to 10%.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a microsphere foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%.
The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 4, wherein the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6%.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is an AC foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5% to 15%.
The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 6, wherein the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 1% to 6%.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a white foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 0.5% to 20%.
The foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 8, wherein the mass percentage of the white foaming agent is 1% to 10%.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 1.65 mm˜1.85 mm.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 10, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 1.70 mm˜1.80 mm.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 2.75 mm˜3.15 mm.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 12, wherein the foamed wire rod has a diameter of 2.80 mm˜3.10 mm.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the density of the foamed wire rod is 0.5 g/cm 3 to 1.0 g/cm 3 .
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 1, wherein the foamed wire rod is extruded by a screw extruder after mixing a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 15, wherein the foamed wire rod is extruded by a screw extruder after being mixed with a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, comprising: The foamed wire is extruded and molded by a single-screw extruder after mixing high molecular elastomer resin particles and foaming agent powder.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 15, wherein the foamed wire rod is extruded by a screw extruder after being mixed with a polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, comprising: The foamed wire is extruded and molded by a single-screw extruder after mixing high molecular elastomer resin particles and foaming masterbatches.
The foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 17, wherein the foamed master batch is extruded by a twin-screw extruder after mixing a foaming agent powder and resin particles, and the resin particles Compatible with the high molecular elastomer resin particles.
The foamed filament based on FDM printing according to claim 1, further comprising a color masterbatch.
A preparation method of a foamed wire based on FDM printing as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that, comprising the steps of:

Putting the polymer elastomer resin and blowing agent into a screw extruder to extrude to form a strand; and

Pulling the wire and molding the wire after cooling to form a foamed wire with a target size; in the foamed wire, the mass percentage of the polymer elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, and the The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5% to 30%.
The preparation method of the foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 20, wherein the method of inserting the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a screw extruder and extruding to form a wire comprises the following steps:

mixing the polymer elastomer resin particles and the blowing agent powder; and

The mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and blowing agent are put into a single screw extruder and extruded to form strands.
The preparation method of the foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 20, wherein the method of inserting the polymer elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a screw extruder and extruding to form a wire comprises the following steps:

The polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch are mixed, and the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch are put into a single-screw extruder and extruded to form a line.
The method for preparing foamed filaments based on FDM printing according to claim 21 or 22, wherein the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is controlled to be 1.5 to 5.
The method for preparing foamed filaments based on FDM printing according to claim 23, wherein the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is controlled to be 2.8 to 4.
The preparation method of the foamed wire rod based on FDM printing according to claim 22, wherein the preparation method of the foamed master batch comprises:

The foaming agent powder and resin particles are mixed, and the mixed foaming agent powder and resin particles are placed in a twin-screw extruder and extruded to form a foaming master batch; wherein, the resin particles and the polymer elastomer Resin particles are compatible.
An FDM printing method, characterized in that it is applied to an FDM printing device, and the FDM printing method comprises the following steps:

Reading FDM print data, the FDM print data includes a data command corresponding to at least one cross-sectional layer pattern;

Control the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional layer pattern to obtain a printing solidified layer; wherein, the printing material is as described in any one of claims 1 to 19 Foamed filaments based on FDM printing; and

Repeat the step of controlling the nozzle device of the FDM printing device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface according to the cross-sectional layer pattern according to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to obtain a printed cured layer, so as to accumulate the printing and curing layer by layer. The layers result in a printed member; the printed member has a matte surface.
The FDM printing method according to claim 26, further comprising the step of setting process parameters before printing, wherein the process parameters include extrusion magnification, and the extrusion magnification is related to the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire rod .
An FDM printing device, characterized in that it includes a printing platform, a driving device, a nozzle device, and a control device, wherein the nozzle device is extruded at a preset extrusion ratio as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 19 For the foamed wire based on FDM printing described in item 1, the extrusion ratio is related to the expansion coefficient of the foamed wire.
An FDM printing fabric, characterized in that the wire used in the printing process is the foamed wire based on FDM printing according to any one of claims 1 to 19, or the printing process used is as claimed in claims 26 to 27 The FDM printing method described in any one, or the preparation process using a wire rod is the preparation method described in any one of claims 20 to 25, wherein the FDM printing fabric has a frosted surface.
The FDM printed fabric according to claim 29, wherein the FDM printed fabric is clothing, cloth, or shoe upper.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it stores at least one computer program, and the at least one computer program executes and implements the FDM printing method according to any one of claims 26 to 27 when invoked by a processor.