CN113183455A

CN113183455A - Foaming wire rod and preparation method thereof, FDM printing method, printing equipment and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN113183455A
Application number: CN202110477278.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄宇立; 蒋铭波; 郝明洋; 罗小帆
Original assignee: Jf Polymers Suzhou Co ltd
Current assignee: Jf Polymers Suzhou Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Also published as: WO2022227790A1

Abstract

The application discloses foaming wire rod and preparation method, FDM printing method, printing apparatus and storage medium, wherein, the foaming wire rod includes polymer elastomer resin and foamer, the mass percent of polymer elastomer resin is 70% ~ 99.5%, the mass percent of foamer is 0.5% ~ 30%, the foaming wire rod has good foamability, can make and utilize the printing component that the foaming material printed and formed has advantages such as dull polish surface and whole lightness softness.

Description

Foaming wire rod and preparation method thereof, FDM printing method, printing equipment and storage medium

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of 3D printing, in particular to a foaming wire rod, a preparation method, an FDM printing method, printing equipment and a storage medium.

Background

As is well known, the conventional fabric manufacturing process is that the fiber is prepared by a certain weaving process. Due to the limitation of the weaving process, the traditional fabric cannot be completely and freely designed in appearance and function, and cannot meet the personalized customization requirement.

In some application scenarios, related manufacturers use a 3D printing technology to print patterns on the existing fabric to achieve some personalized requirements, but the related manufacturers are still limited by various factors such as design tools and printing methods, and cannot print the body structure of the fabric, so that the diversified requirements on fabric design cannot be met.

In other application scenarios, related manufacturers have used 3D printing technology, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology, to print a certain type of fabric, but due to the limitation of printing materials and printing methods, the formed fabric has problems of heavy weight and rough surface.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above drawbacks of the related art, an object of the present application is to provide a foamed wire and a manufacturing method thereof, an FDM printing method, a printing apparatus, and a storage medium, so as to overcome the above problems that the 3D printing technology is difficult to be applied to fabric printing or the printed fabric has a heavy weight and a rough surface.

In order to achieve the above and other related objects, a first aspect of the present application discloses a foamed wire based on FDM printing, and the foamed wire includes a high molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the high molecular elastomer resin is 70 to 99.5% by mass, and the foaming agent is 0.5 to 30% by mass.

A second aspect of the present application discloses a method for preparing an FDM printing based foamed wire according to the first aspect of the present application, comprising: putting the high-molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a screw extruder to be extruded to form lines; drawing the lines, cooling the lines, and forming to form the foaming wire rod with the target size; in the foamed wire, the mass percent of the macromolecular elastomer resin is 70-99.5%, and the mass percent of the foaming agent is 0.5-30%.

The third aspect of the present application discloses an FDM printing method applied to FDM printing apparatus, the FDM printing method comprising the steps of: reading FDM printing data, wherein the FDM printing data comprise data instructions corresponding to at least one cross-section layer pattern; controlling a spray head device of the FDM printing equipment to extrude printing materials to a printing surface along a printing path according to the cross-section layer pattern so as to obtain a printing curing layer; wherein the printing material is the foamed wire based on FDM printing of the first aspect of the application; repeating the steps according to the number of the cross-section layer patterns to accumulate and print the curing layers layer by layer to obtain a printing component; the printing member has a frosted surface.

The fourth aspect of the application discloses FDM printing apparatus, including print platform, drive arrangement, shower nozzle device and controlling means, the shower nozzle device is extruded with predetermined extrusion magnification and is this application first aspect the foaming wire rod based on FDM prints, extrusion magnification with the expansion coefficient of foaming wire rod is relevant.

In a fifth aspect, the present application discloses an FDM printed fabric, wherein a wire used in printing is a foamed wire based on FDM printing as described in the first aspect of the present application, or a printing process used in the FDM printing method as described in the third aspect of the present application, or a manufacturing process using a wire is a manufacturing method as described in the second aspect of the present application, and the FDM printed fabric has a frosted surface.

A sixth aspect of the present application discloses a computer readable storage medium storing at least one computer program which, when invoked by a processor, executes and implements an FDM printing method according to the fifth aspect of the present application.

In conclusion, this application can provide new foaming wire rod based on FDM prints and utilizes the foaming wire rod carries out FDM and prints in order to print out the fabric structure that has dull polish surface and whole light and soft, realizes the structural design that traditional fabric can't realize to improve the design degree of freedom of fabric in outward appearance and function, satisfy various individualized demands.

Other aspects and advantages of the present application will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. Only exemplary embodiments of the present application have been shown and described in the following detailed description. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the disclosure of the present application enables those skilled in the art to make changes to the specific embodiments disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as it is directed to the present application. Accordingly, the descriptions in the drawings and the specification of the present application are illustrative only and not limiting.

Drawings

The specific features of the invention to which this application relates are set forth in the appended claims. The features and advantages of the invention to which this application relates will be better understood by reference to the exemplary embodiments described in detail below and the accompanying drawings. The brief description of the drawings is as follows:

fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a foamed wire based on FDM printing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of an FDM printing apparatus according to the present application in an embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an FDM printing method of the present application in one embodiment.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of a fabric upper printed with foamed strands in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present application is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and capabilities of the present application will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that describe several embodiments of the application. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and that changes in the module or unit composition, electrical, and operation may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The following detailed description is not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of embodiments of the present application is defined only by the claims of the issued patent. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

Although the terms first, second, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, information, or parameters in some instances, these elements or parameters should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element or parameter from another element or parameter.

Also, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes" and/or "including," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, species, and/or groups, but do not preclude the presence, or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, species, and/or groups thereof. The terms "or" and/or "as used herein are to be construed as inclusive or meaning any one or any combination. Thus, "A, B or C" or "A, B and/or C" means "any of the following: a; b; c; a and B; a and C; b and C; A. b and C ". An exception to this definition will occur only when a combination of elements, functions, steps or operations are inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

As described in the background, conventional fabrics are made from fibers that have been woven through a certain weaving process. For example, a fabric structure of a face fabric is formed by spinning fibers into yarns and then weaving them with a weaving machine. The density of the traditional fabric structure is uniform, and the appearance and the structure cannot be freely designed due to the process limitation.

In other application scenarios, related manufacturers have used 3D printing technology, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) printing technology, to print a certain type of fabric, but due to the limitation of printing materials and printing methods, the formed fabric has problems of heavy weight and rough surface. The method aims to solve the problem of surface roughness of a component surface printed object printed based on FDM technology, such as layer texture. The general post-processing methods are mechanical polishing and chemical agent vapor polishing. The mechanical grinding and polishing does not require the matrix resin of the printing component, but needs manual operation, has high labor intensity and long time consumption, sometimes damages the integrity of the printing component and has low success rate. Chemical reagents generally have certain toxicity to human bodies, cause pollution to the environment and are not easy to purchase.

FDM printing technology, also sometimes referred to as Fused Fiber Fabrication (FFF), is one of the most commonly used 3D printing technologies for thermoplastic polymers. While there are several different forms, this technique generally uses continuous strands or pellets of thermoplastic polymer that are melted by feeding them into a heated nozzle to form a viscous melt and continuously extruded through the nozzle. At the same time, the nozzle or extruder assembly is moved in three dimensions under the precise control of a stepper motor and Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software to build the object. The first layer of the article is usually printed directly on a certain printed substrate, and subsequent printed layers are superimposed and fused (or partially fused) to the previous layer by cooling and solidification. This process continues until the printing member is fully constructed.

The FDM printing technology is widely used in the field of model making such as architecture, art, industrial design, toy, etc., and as the technology develops, FDM is also involved in new fields such as shoe making. In some application scenarios, the FDM printing technology may be used to print the upper part, the printing material commonly used for the upper part is an elastomer material (for example, Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, TPU for short), and the upper printed by the TPU material has a strong plastic feeling: the vamp is integrally reflective, hard in hand feeling and viscous oil in hand feeling, and in addition, because the density of the TPU material is high, the printed vamp is often heavy, and in order to reduce the weight, the vamp can only be designed into a hollow shape. Therefore, developing new printing materials is of great significance to the rapid development of the 3D printing field.

In view of the above, the present application discloses, in a first aspect, a foamed wire based on FDM printing, which can be foamed once during wire processing and forming and foamed twice during FDM printing, so that the surface of a printed printing member has a frosted texture, and the printing member is light and soft as a whole.

The foaming wire rod based on FDM printing comprises high polymer elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the high polymer elastomer resin is 70-99.5% in mass percent, and the foaming agent is 0.5-30% in mass percent.

The mass percentage of the polymeric elastomer resin is 70% to 99.5%, in different embodiments, the mass percentage of the polymeric elastomer resin may be 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, and of course, the mass percentage may be any non-integer within the range of 70% to 99.5%, for example, 90.1%, 90.2%, 90.3%, 90.4%, 90.5%, 90.6%, 90.7%, 90.8%, 90.9%, etc.

The polymeric elastomer resin can be selected from, but not limited to: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer TPU, thermoplastic elastomer TPE, thermoplastic rubber material TPR, thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, thermoplastic vulcanizate TPV, nylon-based elastomer, or any combination thereof.

Taking TPU as an example, TPU is a material between rubber and plastic, HAs the elastic modulus of 10 Mpa-1000 Mpa, wide hardness range (60HA-85HD), and good flexibility in a wide temperature range (-40 ℃ -120 ℃). TPU is widely applied in the fields of daily necessities, sports goods, toys, decorative materials and the like because of good solvent resistance, weather resistance and excellent high-energy ray resistance.

The mass percentage of the foaming agent is 0.5-30%. In certain embodiments, the blowing agent is 1% to 20% by mass. In certain embodiments, the blowing agent is 1% to 6% by mass.

In the case where the mass percentage of the foaming agent is 1% to 6%, the mass percentage of the foaming agent may be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% in different embodiments, and it is needless to say that the mass percentage may be any non-integer within the range of 1% to 6%, for example, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, etc.

The blowing agent can be used but is not limited to: microsphere foaming agents, AC foaming agents, or white foaming agents.

The microsphere foaming agent is milky white micro spherical plastic particles with the diameter of 10-45 micrometers, when the microsphere foaming agent is heated to a certain temperature, a thermoplastic shell of the microsphere foaming agent is softened, gas in the shell expands, the volume of the foaming agent can be rapidly increased to dozens of times of the volume of the foaming agent, the shell of the foamed microsphere cannot be broken, and a complete sealed sphere is still kept. The microsphere foaming agent is used as the foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5-15%. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10% by weight. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6% by weight.

The AC foaming agent can be decomposed to generate a large amount of gas in a narrow temperature range and a very short time, and the generated gas and residues are non-toxic, odorless, pollution-free, non-colored, non-corrosive to processing equipment, non-influencing the mechanical property and stability of products, and have good dispersibility in plastics and rubber, and the formed cells are fine and uniform, so that the AC foaming agent is an organic foaming agent with a very wide application range at present. And taking the AC foaming agent as the foaming agent, wherein the mass percent of the AC foaming agent is 0.5-15%. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 8% by weight. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6% by weight.

The white foaming agent belongs to a heat absorption type white foaming agent, gas discharged during decomposition has no odor, decomposition residues are white, an auxiliary agent or an activating agent can not be added during foaming, the performance is stable, the dispersibility is good, a product using the foaming agent has good chromaticity, and foam holes are uniform and compact. When the white foaming agent is used as the foaming agent, the mass percent of the white foaming agent is 0.5-20%. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 15% by weight. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10% by weight.

Of course, the FDM-printed foamed wire disclosed in the present application may further include other additives such as color concentrate (color concentrate), antioxidant/aging agent, processing aid, etc., in addition to the polymeric elastomer resin and the foaming agent. Wherein the color concentrate is a mixture of a resin and a large amount of pigment (up to 50% or more) or dye to a high concentration color.

When the foaming wire is prepared, the macromolecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent are fully mixed according to a certain mass percentage and then are extruded and molded by a screw extruder.

In some embodiments, the screw extruder is a single screw extruder, that is, the foamed strand is formed by mixing the polymeric elastomer resin and the foaming agent and then extruding the mixture through the single screw extruder.

In some applications, the manner of extrusion molding the foamed strands using a single screw extruder may include: mixing the high molecular elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent powder, and putting the mixed high molecular elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent into a single-screw extruder to extrude to form the foaming wire.

In some applications, the manner of extrusion molding the foamed strands using a single screw extruder may include: mixing the high molecular elastomer resin particles and the foaming master batches, and putting the mixed high molecular elastomer resin particles and the foaming master batches into a single-screw extruder to be extruded to form the foaming wire.

With respect to the foaming concentrate, in certain embodiments, the foaming concentrate may be prepared by a twin screw extruder. In some applications, the manner of preparing the foaming masterbatch using the twin-screw extruder may include: and mixing the foaming agent powder and the resin particles, and extruding the mixed foaming agent powder and the mixed resin particles in a double-screw extruder to form the foaming master batch.

The resin particles suitable for preparing the foaming master batch are compatible with the high molecular elastomer resin particles, for example, the material of the resin particles is the same as or similar to that of the high molecular elastomer resin particles.

The foamed strands extruded from the screw extruder are required to have a predetermined target size.

In certain embodiments, the foamed strands have a diameter of 1.65mm to 1.85mm, for example, a diameter of 1.70mm to 1.80 mm.

In various embodiments, the diameter of the foamed strand may be 1.65mm, 1.66mm, 1.67mm, 1.68mm, 1.69mm, 1.70mm, 1.71mm, 1.72mm, 1.73mm, 1.74mm, 1.75mm, 1.76mm, 1.77mm, 1.78mm, 1.79mm, 1.80mm, 1.81mm, 1.82mm, 1.83mm, 1.84mm, 1.85mm, although the value of the diameter may be any value within the range of 1.65mm to 1.85 mm.

In certain embodiments, the foamed strands have a diameter of 2.75mm to 3.15mm, for example, a diameter of 2.80mm to 3.10 mm.

In various embodiments, the diameter of the foamed strand may be 2.75mm, 2.76mm, 2.77mm, 2.78mm, 2.79mm, 2.80mm, 2.81mm, 2.82mm, 2.83mm, 2.84mm, 2.85mm, 2.86mm, 2.87mm, 2.88mm, 2.89mm, 2.90mm, 2.91mm, 2.92mm, 2.93mm, 2.94mm, 2.95mm, 2.96mm, 2.97mm, 2.98mm, 2.99mm, 3.00mm, 3.01mm, 3.02mm, 3.03mm, 3.04mm, 3.05mm, 3.06mm, 3.07mm, 3.08mm, 3.09mm, 3.10mm, 3.11mm, 3.12mm, 3.13mm, 3.14mm, 3.15mm, and any number within the above ranges of diameters may, of course, be present.

In certain embodiments, the foamed strands have a density of 0.5g/cm³～1.0g/cm³。

In various embodiments, the foamed strands may have a density of 0.50g/cm³、0.55g/cm³、0.60g/cm³、0.65g/cm³、0.70g/cm³、0.75g/cm³、0.80g/cm³、0.85g/cm³、0.90g/cm³、0.95g/cm³、1.0g/cm³Of course, the above-mentioned diameter may be in the above-mentioned range of 0.5g/cm³～1.0g/cm³Any value may be present within the range between.

In summary, the disclosed foaming wire based on FDM printing includes a high molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the high molecular elastomer resin is 70-99.5% by mass, the foaming agent is 0.5-30% by mass, and the foaming wire can generate one-time foaming in the wire processing and forming process, and has the advantages of small density, light weight, frosted surface and the like compared with a common wire.

In a second aspect, the present application discloses a method for preparing a foamed wire based on FDM printing, by which a foamed wire satisfying the aforementioned characteristics can be prepared.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for manufacturing a foamed wire based on FDM printing according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method for preparing the foamed wire based on FDM printing comprises the following steps:

step S110, the macromolecule elastomer resin and the foaming agent are placed into a screw extruder to be extruded to form lines.

In step S110, the screw extruder may, for example, comprise a single screw extruder.

In some embodiments, the polymeric elastomer resin may be in the form of particles, and the foaming agent may be in the form of powder, that is, in step S110, the polymeric elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent powder are mixed, and the mixed polymeric elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent are placed into a single screw extruder to be extruded into a strand.

In some embodiments, the elastomer resin and the foaming agent are in the form of fine particles, that is, in step S110, the elastomer resin particles and the foaming mother particles are mixed, and the mixed elastomer resin particles and foaming mother particles are placed into a single screw extruder to be extruded into a line.

The mixing of the foaming agent powder and the resin particles may include: the polymeric elastomer resin particles and the foamed masterbatch are brought together (e.g., in a container) and thoroughly mixed, such as by mechanical agitation, to form the desired pre-mix.

The foaming master batch can be directly purchased or prepared. Thus, in certain embodiments, the screw extruder may further comprise a twin screw extruder with which to prepare the foaming concentrate. The method for preparing the foaming master batch by using the double-screw extruder can comprise the following steps: mixing foaming agent powder and resin particles, placing the mixed foaming agent powder and resin particles into a double-screw extruder for extrusion, and finally forming foaming master batches after cooling, shearing and other treatments.

When the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent are put into the screw extruder, the proportion of the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent is controlled so that the prepared foamed wire meets the requirement.

The microsphere foaming agent is milky white micro spherical plastic particles with the diameter of 10-45 micrometers, when the microsphere foaming agent is heated to a certain temperature, a thermoplastic shell of the microsphere foaming agent is softened, gas in the shell expands, the volume of the foaming agent can be rapidly increased to dozens of times of the volume of the foaming agent, the shell of the foamed microsphere cannot be broken, and a complete sealed sphere is still kept.

The AC foaming agent can be decomposed to generate a large amount of gas in a narrow temperature range and a very short time, and the generated gas and residues are non-toxic, odorless, pollution-free, non-colored, non-corrosive to processing equipment, non-influencing on the mechanical property and stability of products, and have good dispersibility in plastics and rubber, and the formed cells are fine, uniform and fine, thus being an organic foaming agent with a very wide application range at present.

The white foaming agent is a heat absorption type white foaming agent, gas discharged during decomposition has no odor, decomposition residues are white, an auxiliary agent or an activating agent can not be added during foaming, the performance is stable, the dispersibility is good, a product using the foaming agent has good chromaticity, and foam holes are uniform and compact.

Generally, taking a single screw extruder as an example, the screws in the single screw extruder may include, but are not limited to: a feeding section, a compression section, a homogenization section (metering section), and a cylindrical die.

Taking the example that the polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming master batch are fully mixed to form the prefabricated mixed material, the lines are formed by melting and extruding the prefabricated mixed material through a single-screw extruder.

Wherein the feeding section is used for preheating the pre-prepared mixture, compacting the pre-prepared mixture after being pressed, but the pre-prepared mixture cannot be heated and plasticized, and the expansion condition of the foaming agent is also controlled to avoid over expansion, so that the plasticizing temperature of the macromolecular elastomer resin and the expansion condition of the foaming agent are fully considered at the set temperature of the feeding section, for example, in some embodiments, the heating temperature of the feeding section can be controlled to be less than or equal to a set temperature to ensure the stability of the macromolecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent in the pre-prepared mixture during feeding. Wherein the set temperature is related to the plasticizing temperature of the high molecular elastomer resin and the expansion temperature of the foaming agent.

In the compression and homogenization sections of the screw, the temperature settings are higher than in the feed section. For example, the heating temperature of the compression section may be set above the plasticizing temperature of the pre-formed mixed material to ensure that the pre-formed mixed material delivered from the feeding section is sufficiently plasticized in the compression section. In addition, the heating temperature of the homogenizing section can be set higher than that of the compressing section, so that the pre-prepared mixed material can be plasticized and mixed uniformly, and the molten material can be conveyed accurately and quantitatively in the homogenizing section.

The temperature settings of the various zones described above are merely exemplary and, in practice, may still be adjusted depending on the characteristics of the polymeric elastomer resin and blowing agent in the pre-mix, etc.

In addition, the screw compression ratio of the single-screw extruder is also set correspondingly. The screw compression ratio of a single screw extruder refers to the ratio of the volume of the first screw channel in the feeding section to the volume of the last screw channel in the homogenizing section. Generally, the screw compression ratio of the single screw extruder can be controlled to be 1.5 to 5. Of course, the compression ratio of the screw is larger, and the plasticizing effect of the prefabricated mixed material is more uniform. In certain embodiments, the screw compression ratio of the single screw extruder may be controlled to be greater than or equal to 2.8, for example, the screw compression ratio may be controlled to be between 2.8 and 4.

The die is a perforated member mounted at the end of the single screw extruder which forms the extrudate into a prescribed cross-sectional shape. For example, the die may be a cylindrical die by which the molten material delivered from the homogenizing section is extruded into a line having a circular cross-section. Taking a cylindrical die as an example, the diameter size of the extrusion opening of the cylindrical die is adapted to the target size of the foamed strand to be produced, for example, in some embodiments, a small-sized cylindrical die having an extrusion opening with a diameter of 1.65mm to 1.85mm is used, and in some embodiments, a large-sized cylindrical die having an extrusion opening with a diameter of 2.75mm to 3.15mm is used.

As can be seen from the above, in step S110, the polymeric elastomer resin and the foaming agent can be extruded and molded after passing through a single foaming process in the extrusion process of the single screw extruder.

And step S120, drawing the lines, cooling the lines, and forming to form the foamed wire rod with the target size.

In step S120, the step of drawing the strand and forming the strand after cooling includes: and (3) dragging the strands extruded by the single-screw extruder by using a tractor, and cooling and shaping the strands through a cooling water tank. Wherein the water temperature of the cooling water tank is less than or equal to 30 ℃, for example, the water temperature of the cooling water tank is 20-30 ℃.

And then, winding the foamed wire rod through a tractor, a diameter gauge and a wire storage rack to obtain the foamed wire rod with the target size. Wherein, in the traction process, the real size of the wire is controlled to be 101-106% of the target size.

In certain embodiments, the target size of the foamed strands is set to be 1.65mm to 1.85mm in diameter.

Assuming that the target diameter of the foamed strand is set to 1.75cm, the actual diameter size of the foamed strand is controlled to 101% to 106% of the target size during drawing, i.e., the actual diameter size of the foamed strand is controlled to 1.77mm to 1.86mm during drawing.

In certain embodiments, the target size of the foamed strands is set to be 2.75mm to 3.15mm in diameter.

Assuming that the target diameter of the foamed wire is set to 2.95cm, the actual diameter size of the foamed wire is controlled to 101% to 106% of the target size during drawing, that is, the actual diameter size of the foamed wire is controlled to 2,.98mm to 3.13mm during drawing.

Further, in certain embodiments, the foamed strands have a density of 0.5g/cm³～1.0g/cm³。

The foaming wire rod manufactured by the preparation method comprises high-molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent.

The microsphere foaming agent is used as the foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5-15%. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10% by weight. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6% by weight.

And taking the AC foaming agent as the foaming agent, wherein the mass percent of the AC foaming agent is 0.5-15%. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 8% by weight. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 6% by weight.

When the white foaming agent is used as the foaming agent, the mass percent of the white foaming agent is 0.5-20%. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 15% by weight. In certain embodiments, the microsphere foaming agent is 1% to 10% by weight.

In practical application, the preparation method further comprises the following steps of utilizing a tractor to pull the foaming wire rods to a wire storage frame, rolling, packaging and the like.

The foaming wire rod disclosed by the application is formed by putting high-molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent into a single-screw extruder and extruding the high-molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent after a one-time foaming process, so that the foaming wire rod with a target size is obtained. The foaming wire can generate one-time foaming in the wire processing and forming process, and has the advantages of small density, light weight, frosted surface and the like compared with the common wire.

The present application discloses in a third aspect an FDM printing method executed by an FDM printing apparatus.

In an exemplary embodiment, please refer to fig. 2, which is a simplified structural diagram of an FDM printing apparatus disclosed in the fourth aspect of the present application in an embodiment.

As shown, the FDM printing apparatus includes: a printing table 21, a driving device, a head device 22, and a control device (not shown).

The driving device includes a Z-axis driving mechanism 231 capable of moving up and down relative to the printing platform 21, and an X-axis driving mechanism 232 and a Y-axis driving mechanism (not shown) disposed on the Z-axis driving mechanism 231. The nozzle device 22 is disposed on the X-axis driving mechanism 232 or the Y-axis driving mechanism, and is configured to melt and extrude the hot melt material to the printing platform 21 according to a printing path.

The Z-axis driving mechanism 231 is used for driving the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the Z direction, the Y-axis mechanism is used for driving the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the Y direction, and the X-axis mechanism is used for driving the displacement of the nozzle device 22 in the X direction. The printing platform 21 is disposed below the X-axis driving mechanism 232 and the Y-axis driving mechanism, and is used for attaching the printing members formed by stacking.

In some embodiments, the printing platform 21 further has a component plate for carrying a printing component, and the printing platform 21 is moved up and down in the Z-axis direction by the Z-axis driving mechanism 231. The control device is electrically connected with the driving device and the spray head device and used for controlling the driving device and the spray head device to execute the printing task of each layer according to the printing path according to the read FDM printing data so as to enable the melted printing wires to be stacked and molded on the printing platform to obtain the printing component.

It should be understood that the stack forming refers to that during the operation of the printing device based on the fused deposition forming, the printing wire is extruded on the printing platform after being fused by the nozzle device, and forms a solidified layer of the thin sheet after being cooled. And after the section of one layer is formed, the next layer is printed, namely, spraying is continuously carried out on the surface of the solidified layer of the thin sheet to stack the melted printing wire rods so as to form the printing component.

In the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the FDM printing apparatus further includes a rack 23, and the rack 23 is used for carrying or fixing other devices.

In one embodiment, the control device includes a storage unit, a processing unit, and an interface unit.

Wherein, the memory unit comprises nonvolatile memory, volatile memory and the like. The nonvolatile memory is, for example, a solid state disk or a usb disk. The storage unit is connected with the processing unit through a system bus. The processing unit comprises at least one of a CPU or a chip integrated with the CPU, a programmable logic device (FPGA) and a multi-core processor.

The interface unit comprises a plurality of driving reserved interfaces, and each driving reserved interface is electrically connected with a device which is independently packaged in FDM printing equipment such as a spray head device and a driving device and transmits data or drives to work through the interface, so that the device which is independently packaged in the FDM printing equipment such as the spray head device and the driving device and transmits data or drives to work through the interface is controlled. The control device further comprises at least one of the following: a prompting device, a human-computer interaction unit and the like. The interface unit determines its interface type according to the connected device, which includes but is not limited to: universal serial interface, video interface, industrial control interface, etc. For example, the drive reservation interface includes: the USB interface, HDMI interface and RS232 interface, wherein, USB interface and RS232 interface all have a plurality ofly, and the USB interface can connect human-computer interaction unit etc. and RS232 interface connection shower nozzle device and drive arrangement etc. to control shower nozzle device and drive arrangement etc..

In an embodiment, the spray head device may further include: a material guiding part, a heating part and a nozzle. The material guiding part comprises a material guiding pipe and a wire feeding gear and is used for conveying the printing material provided by the wire feeding mechanism to the heating part for heating; the heating part is provided with a thermistor for detecting the temperature so as to heat the temperature to the melting point of the printing material; and the heated and melted printing material is sprayed on the printing platform through a nozzle.

Here, the printing material, that is, the hot-melt material, is a foamed wire disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire includes a high molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent, where the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent are, in mass percent: 70 to 99.5 percent of macromolecular elastomer resin and 0.5 to 30 percent of foaming agent.

The wire feeding mechanism is a mechanism for providing printing wires for the nozzle device, and under some conditions, the wire feeding mechanism comprises a storage structure for storing the printing wires, one end of the printing wires is placed to a wire inlet of the nozzle device, and the nozzle device can continuously introduce the printing wires in a working state to be melted and then discharge wires from the nozzle. In other embodiments, the wire feeder further comprises a feeding/guiding device for guiding the printing wire to a wire inlet of the nozzle device, so that the printing wire is fed/guided to the wire inlet of the nozzle device in an operating state to smoothly enter the nozzle device for melting. The control device is used for controlling the driving device and the spray head to cooperatively work according to the read slice data of each layer of the printing component so as to print the component.

In some cases, the printing platform further comprises a heating device, and the heating device heats the printing platform to provide a transition environment for the forming process, so that the situation that the molten filament forms larger internal stress in the forming process due to overlarge temperature difference between the molten temperature and the forming temperature after being extruded and formed is avoided, the stability of the product structure is not facilitated, and the product quality is influenced. Therefore, a constant temperature environment can be provided by the heating device to control the temperature within a proper range, so that the material is molded and the generation of large internal stress during the molding process is avoided, thereby improving the molding quality and the precision of the printing member.

The printing equipment based on fused deposition modeling is used for heating and melting various wire materials to further build up modeling, a heating spray head of the printing equipment is controlled by a computer to do plane motion along an X axis and a Y axis according to cross section profile information of a product part, thermoplastic wire materials are sent to a hot melt spray head by a wire supply mechanism, are heated and melted into semi-liquid state in the spray head and then extruded out, the hot melt materials are selectively coated on a workbench based on control information of the computer, and a layer of thin sheet profile is formed after the hot melt materials are rapidly cooled. And after the section of one layer is formed, the workbench descends by a certain height along the Z axis, then the cladding of the next layer is carried out, and the process is circulated, so that the three-dimensional product part is finally formed.

In an exemplary embodiment, please refer to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of an FDM printing method of the present application in one embodiment.

As shown in the figure, step S310 is executed to read FDM print data, where the FDM print data includes a data instruction corresponding to at least one cross-section layer pattern.

In step S310, the FDM printing apparatus is controlled to read FDM print data.

The FDM printing data comprises a printing data instruction of a component to be printed, the component to be printed comprises each cross-section layer pattern, and therefore the printing data instruction of the component to be printed comprises a data instruction corresponding to each cross-section layer pattern. Wherein the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns is equal to the number of printing layers of the member to be printed. For example, when the number of printing layers is 1, the printing data instruction of the member to be printed comprises a data instruction of a layer of cross-sectional layer pattern; when the number of printing layers is multiple, the printing data instruction of the component to be printed comprises a data instruction of a multi-layer cross-section layer pattern.

Here, after obtaining the FDM print data, the FDM printing apparatus executes step S320.

And executing step S320, controlling the nozzle device of the FDM printing apparatus to extrude the printing material to the printing surface along the printing path according to the cross-section layer pattern to obtain a printing cured layer.

In step S320, the FDM printing apparatus prints a cured layer according to a cross-sectional layer pattern in the acquired FDM printing data.

For the FDM printing equipment based on fused deposition modeling, the FDM printing equipment controls the sprayer device to extrude printing materials to the printing surface along the printing path according to the cross-section layer pattern so as to obtain a printing solidified layer.

The control device in the FDM printing apparatus controls the nozzle device to extrude the printing material along the printing path to the printing surface on the printing platform according to the data instruction corresponding to the cross-section layer pattern, so as to obtain a printing curing layer corresponding to the cross-section layer pattern. Wherein, each printing line is included in the cross-section layer pattern, and the printing lines correspond to the printing path when the FDM printing device prints. And after the coordinates of each printing point in the printing lines are subjected to data processing, the data instruction is formed, so that the control device, namely the control driving device of the FDM printing equipment drives the spray head to traverse each printing point according to the data instruction and extrude a printing material to a printing surface to obtain the printing curing layer.

The printing material used by the FDM printing apparatus is a foamed wire material disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, and the foamed wire material includes a high molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent, and the mass percentages of the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent are: 70 to 99.5 percent of macromolecular elastomer resin and 0.5 to 30 percent of foaming agent.

In the second aspect of the present application, the foamed wire is prepared by placing the polymeric elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a single-screw extruder and performing extrusion molding after a single foaming process in the extrusion process of the single-screw extruder. In step S320, the foaming wire is foamed again when the nozzle device heats and forms a molten state, that is, the foaming wire can be foamed for the second time during the printing process. Therefore, when the foam material is used for FDM printing in this embodiment, some process parameters on the FDM printing apparatus need to be adjusted or newly set, where the process parameters include but are not limited to: and (4) extruding rate.

When an ordinary wire is used on FDM printing equipment, due to the fact that the gear tolerance of an extruder of the printing equipment or slipping and the like exist in the transmission process of the gear and the wire in the extrusion process, the actual length of the extruded wire is often short, and the extrusion rate of the wire is generally required to be calibrated.

For example, when the FDM printing apparatus is operating, a wire of a set length is extruded, and when the length of the actually extruded wire is short, an Extrusion magnification parameter (Extrusion Multiplier) is usually adjusted in a slicing software of the FDM printing apparatus, and is usually defaulted to 100% or 1. By adjusting this extrusion magnification parameter, the wire extruded by the FDM printing apparatus will increase to a set length. Taking a 100mm wire as an example, in the case of misalignment (i.e., the extrusion magnification parameter is 100% or 1), the actual extrusion may be 98mm during the actual printing process, so that, during the alignment, the extrusion magnification parameter can be adjusted to 102% with 98mm as a base number (here, the extrusion magnification parameter after the extrusion magnification parameter is adjusted to 102% is referred to as a calibrated extrusion magnification parameter), and then the actual length of the subsequently extruded wire is increased to 100mm, which is in accordance with the set length.

As described above, in the embodiment of the present application, the printing material used by the FDM printing apparatus is the foamed wire disclosed in the first aspect of the present application, the foamed wire includes the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent, the foamed wire is different from a common wire, and the foamed wire will be foamed again when the nozzle device is heated and forms a molten state, that is, the foamed wire can be foamed for a second time in the printing process, so that the volume of the foamed wire is further expanded. Assuming that the expansion coefficient of the foamed strand is 1.2, when the foamed strand having a diameter of 1.75mm is wound into 100mm by an extruding mechanism at a head device, the strand volume is 240mm³Then, after heating by the nozzle device, the material which is actually extruded at the head of the nozzle device has a volume of 288.48mm after the second foaming³。

Therefore, based on the expansion system of the foamed strand, a secondary adjustment is required based on the aforementioned calibration extrusion ratio system, and the extrusion ratio of the secondary adjustment should be a quotient of the calibration extrusion ratio parameter and the expansion coefficient of the foamed strand, that is, a quotient of 102% divided by 1.2, that is, 85%. In this way, at this twice-adjusted extrusion magnification, the volume of the extruded strand will be equal to the volume of material extruded from the nozzle device, thereby achieving better quality of the printing member and printing success rate.

With reference to fig. 3, step S330 is executed to repeatedly perform the step of controlling the nozzle device of the FDM printing apparatus to extrude the printing material along the printing path according to the cross-layer patterns to obtain a printing cured layer according to the number of the cross-layer patterns, so as to accumulate the printing cured layer by layer to obtain the printing member.

Here, when there is one cross-sectional layer pattern, the printing member can be obtained by performing S310 and S320. When the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns is plural, the step S320 is repeated according to the specific number of the cross-sectional layer patterns to accumulate the printing cured layers on the basis of the previous layer by layer, thereby obtaining the printing cured layers corresponding to the number of the cross-sectional layer patterns, thereby forming the printing member.

In an exemplary embodiment, the FDM printing method further includes a post-processing step. The post-processing step includes, but is not limited to, trimming the printed printing member. For example, since the print data on which the FDM printing apparatus depends is obtained according to the FDM print data generation method in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application. If the non-closed texture lines in the same slice pattern are connected through the path auxiliary lines outside the projection outline in the FDM printing data generation stage to obtain the cross-section layer pattern, the line structure outside the outline is also included in the solidified layer printed according to the printing data of the cross-section layer pattern. Thus, in some cases, these line structures located outside the outline may be trimmed to obtain the desired 3D printed features.

Because the disclosed foaming wire rod of this application still can be foamed for the second time and can expand when printing, not only can make printing component weight compare in using ordinary wire rod to print the printing component that obtains and want lighter, the expansion coefficient of foaming wire rod is big more, and the weight difference of both is just also big more, and in addition, material inflation when printing also can increase the dull polish feel and the whole light and soft of printing component surface to reach the effect of eliminating ordinary wire rod ubiquitous surface layer line.

The FDM printing method can realize printing of a complex structure, is particularly suitable for printing of a fabric structure, provides more possibilities in design of structure and function, and meets personalized requirements of users.

In a fifth aspect of the present application, an FDM printed fabric is disclosed, where a wire used in the FDM printed fabric is a foamed wire printed based on FDM as described above, or a printing process used in the FDM printing method as described above, or a preparation process using a wire is a preparation method as described above, and details of the foamed wire printed based on FDM, a preparation method of the foamed wire, and the FDM printing method are not repeated herein.

The FDM printing fabric has the advantages of being provided with a frosted surface, light and soft in whole and the like. The FDM printed fabric may be any textile including, but not limited to, common fabric structures of clothing, cloth, uppers, and the like.

Taking the shoe upper as an example, the shoe upper fabric can be printed by using the foaming wire material disclosed by the application. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a vamp fabric printed by foamed strands according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the vamp fabric printed by the foamed wires disclosed in the present application has a frosted feel, and compared to the vamp printed by ordinary wires, the plastic feel of the vamp fabric can be obviously eliminated visually, and the vamp fabric printed by the foamed wires has a softer texture, a drier feel, and a substantially reduced weight. For example, the weight of the vamp fabric formed by printing the TPU foamed wire is 50-70% of the mass of the vamp formed by printing the common TPU wire.

The present application also provides a computer readable storage medium storing at least one computer program which, when executed, implements at least one of the embodiments described above for the FDM printing method.

The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application.

In the embodiments provided herein, the computer-readable and writable storage medium may include read-only memory, random-access memory, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, flash memory, a USB flash drive, a removable hard disk, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the instructions are transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using a coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then the coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. It should be understood, however, that computer-readable-writable storage media and data storage media do not include connections, carrier waves, signals, or other transitory media, but are intended to be non-transitory, tangible storage media. Disk and disc, as used in this application, includes Compact Disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), floppy disk and blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.

In one or more exemplary aspects, the functions described in the computer program of the methods described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The steps of a method or algorithm disclosed herein may be embodied in a processor-executable software module, which may be located on a tangible, non-transitory computer-readable and/or writable storage medium. Tangible, non-transitory computer readable and writable storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a computer.

The flowcharts and block diagrams in the figures described above of the present application illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present application and are not intended to limit the application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concepts disclosed in the present application shall be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. The FDM printing-based foaming wire is characterized by comprising high-molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent, wherein the high-molecular elastomer resin accounts for 70-99.5% by mass, and the foaming agent accounts for 0.5-30% by mass.

2. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1 wherein the polymeric elastomer resin is: thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer TPU, thermoplastic elastomer TPE, thermoplastic rubber material TPR, thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, thermoplastic vulcanizate TPV, nylon-based elastomer, or any combination thereof.

3. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is present in an amount of 2 to 10 wt%.

4. The FDM printing based foamed wire of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a microsphere foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the microsphere foaming agent is 0.5-15%.

5. The FDM print based foamed wire of claim 4, wherein the microsphere foaming agent is 1-6% by mass.

6. The FDM printing based foamed wire according to claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is an AC foaming agent, and the mass percentage of the AC foaming agent is 0.5-15%.

7. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 6, wherein the AC foaming agent is 1-6% by mass.

8. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is a white foaming agent, and the white foaming agent is 0.5-20% by mass.

9. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 8 wherein the white blowing agent is 1 to 10 percent by mass.

10. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1 having a diameter of 1.65mm to 1.85 mm.

11. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 10 having a diameter of 1.70mm to 1.80 mm.

12. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1 having a diameter of 2.75mm to 3.15 mm.

13. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 12 having a diameter of 2.80mm to 3.10 mm.

14. The FDM printing based foamed wire of claim 1 having a density of 0.5g/cm³～1.0g/cm³。

15. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1 wherein the foamed wire is formed by mixing a polymeric elastomer resin and a blowing agent and extruding the mixture through a screw extruder.

16. The FDM printing-based foamed wire according to claim 15, wherein the foamed wire is formed by mixing a high molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent and then extruding the mixture through a screw extruder, and the method comprises the following steps: the foaming wire is formed by mixing high-molecular elastomer resin particles and foaming agent powder and then extruding the mixture by a single-screw extruder.

17. The FDM printing-based foamed wire according to claim 15, wherein the foamed wire is formed by mixing a high molecular elastomer resin and a foaming agent and then extruding the mixture through a screw extruder, and the method comprises the following steps: the foaming wire is formed by mixing high-molecular elastomer resin particles and foaming master batches and then extruding the mixture by a single-screw extruder.

18. The FDM printing based foaming wire of claim 17, wherein the foaming mother particle is formed by mixing foaming agent powder and resin particles and extruding the mixture through a twin screw extruder, and the resin particles are compatible with the polymeric elastomer resin particles.

19. The FDM printed foamed wire of claim 1 further comprising a color masterbatch.

20. A method for preparing an FDM printing based foamed wire according to any one of claims 1 to 19, comprising the steps of:

putting the high-molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent into a screw extruder to be extruded to form lines; and

drawing the lines, cooling the lines, and forming to form the foaming wire rod with the target size; in the foamed wire, the mass percent of the macromolecular elastomer resin is 70-99.5%, and the mass percent of the foaming agent is 0.5-30%.

21. The method for preparing the foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 20, wherein the method for extruding the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent into the screw extruder to form the line comprises the following steps:

mixing the high molecular elastomer resin particles with foaming agent powder; and

and (3) putting the mixed polymer elastomer resin particles and the foaming agent into a single-screw extruder to extrude to form lines.

22. The method for preparing the foamed wire based on FDM printing according to claim 20, wherein the method for extruding the high molecular elastomer resin and the foaming agent into the screw extruder to form the line comprises the following steps:

mixing the high molecular elastomer resin particles and the foaming master batches, and putting the mixed high molecular elastomer resin particles and the foaming master batches into a single-screw extruder to extrude to form lines.

23. The method for preparing an FDM printing-based foamed wire according to claim 21 or 22, wherein a screw compression ratio of the single screw extruder is controlled to be 1.5 to 5.

24. The method for preparing an FDM printed foamed wire according to claim 23, wherein a screw compression ratio of the single screw extruder is controlled to be 2.8 to 4.

25. The method for preparing the foaming wire based on FDM printing according to claim 22, wherein the preparation method of the foaming master batch comprises:

mixing foaming agent powder and resin particles, and extruding the mixed foaming agent powder and resin particles in a double-screw extruder to form foaming master batches; wherein the resin particles are compatible with the polymeric elastomer resin particles.

26. An FDM printing method is applied to an FDM printing device and comprises the following steps:

reading FDM printing data, wherein the FDM printing data comprise data instructions corresponding to at least one cross-section layer pattern;

controlling a spray head device of the FDM printing equipment to extrude printing materials to a printing surface along a printing path according to the cross-section layer pattern so as to obtain a printing curing layer; wherein the printed material is the FDM printed foamed wire of any of claims 1-19; and

repeatedly executing the step of controlling a nozzle device of the FDM printing equipment to extrude printing materials to obtain a printing curing layer along a printing path according to the transverse layer patterns according to the number of the transverse layer patterns, and accumulating the printing curing layer by layer to obtain a printing component; the printing member has a frosted surface.

27. The FDM printing method of claim 26 further comprising the step of setting process parameters including an extrusion magnification that is related to an expansion coefficient of the foamed wire prior to printing.

28. An FDM printing apparatus comprising a printing platform, a driving device, a head device, and a control device, wherein the head device extrudes the foamed wire based on FDM printing according to any one of claims 1 to 19 at a preset extrusion ratio, the extrusion ratio being related to an expansion coefficient of the foamed wire.

29. An FDM printed fabric wherein the wire used in the printing process is a foamed wire based on FDM printing as defined in any one of claims 1 to 19 or the printing process used is a FDM printing method as defined in any one of claims 26 to 27 or the manufacturing process using a wire is a manufacturing method as defined in any one of claims 20 to 25, said FDM printed fabric having a frosted surface.

30. The FDM printed fabric of claim 29 wherein the FDM printed fabric is a garment, cloth, or upper.

31. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that at least one computer program is stored which, when being invoked by a processor, executes and implements an FDM printing method according to any one of claims 26 to 27.