WO2022222539A1 - 安全储存铝渣的装置和方法 - Google Patents

安全储存铝渣的装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022222539A1
WO2022222539A1 PCT/CN2021/142570 CN2021142570W WO2022222539A1 WO 2022222539 A1 WO2022222539 A1 WO 2022222539A1 CN 2021142570 W CN2021142570 W CN 2021142570W WO 2022222539 A1 WO2022222539 A1 WO 2022222539A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drying
bin
aluminum slag
inlet pipe
storage
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PCT/CN2021/142570
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余海军
钟应声
谢英豪
李长东
张学梅
Original Assignee
广东邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普循环科技有限公司
湖南邦普汽车循环有限公司
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Application filed by 广东邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司, 湖南邦普汽车循环有限公司 filed Critical 广东邦普循环科技有限公司
Priority to DE112021007179.3T priority Critical patent/DE112021007179T5/de
Priority to ES202390164A priority patent/ES2957844R1/es
Priority to HU2200322A priority patent/HUP2200322A1/hu
Priority to GB2316001.3A priority patent/GB2620087A/en
Publication of WO2022222539A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022222539A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
    • F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
    • F26B9/066—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers the products to be dried being disposed on one or more containers, which may have at least partly gas-previous walls, e.g. trays or shelves in a stack
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G65/00—Loading or unloading
    • B65G65/30—Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, tanks, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other subclass
    • B65G65/34—Emptying devices
    • B65G65/40—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top
    • B65G65/46—Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top using screw conveyors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/001—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements
    • F26B25/002—Handling, e.g. loading or unloading arrangements for bulk goods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F26B25/006—Separating volatiles, e.g. recovering solvents from dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/009—Alarm systems; Safety sytems, e.g. preventing fire and explosions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
    • F26B3/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour flowing through the materials or objects to be dried
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/12—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by suction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05F—STATIC ELECTRICITY; NATURALLY-OCCURRING ELECTRICITY
    • H05F3/00—Carrying-off electrostatic charges
    • H05F3/02—Carrying-off electrostatic charges by means of earthing connections
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of aluminum slag storage, in particular to a device and method for safely storing aluminum slag.
  • Lithium batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, electronic products, power storage and other fields, especially the rapid development of my country's important new energy vehicle industry, and the demand for lithium batteries is also increasing.
  • scrap cathode scraps will be separated and recovered to obtain granular aluminum slag.
  • the aluminum slag produced in the aluminum smelting industry it is usually dominated by metal aluminum and metal oxides such as aluminum, magnesium, calcium, silicon, etc.
  • the aluminum slag produced in the recycling process of waste cathode scraps is dominated by aluminum and alumina.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the present invention proposes a device and method for safely storing aluminum slag, which can effectively prevent the release of heat from aluminum water and the occurrence of flammable and explosive accidents, and improve the safety of aluminum slag storage.
  • a drying chamber the side wall of the drying chamber is provided with a first air inlet pipe and a first air outlet pipe, the first air inlet pipe is connected with a first drying fan, and the first air outlet pipe is sequentially connected along its air flow direction with a dehydrator. Acidifier, dehydrogenator and first exhaust fan;
  • the storage bin is located below the drying bin, the feed port of the storage bin is connected with the discharge port of the drying bin through a screw conveyor, and the side wall of the storage bin is provided with a second air inlet pipe and a second An air outlet pipe, the second air inlet pipe is connected with a second drying fan, the end of the second air inlet pipe can be connected to an inert gas bottle, and the second air outlet pipe is sequentially connected with a dryer and a second exhaust air along its airflow direction machine.
  • the present invention adopts the air-drying method under airtight conditions to dry the aluminum slag.
  • the unsafe factors during storage are controlled separately to reduce the influence of unsafe factors during the entire storage process.
  • the acid gas, hydrogen, and water vapor generated in the drying stage are extracted and dried, which solves the acid gas pollution generated during the entire storage process.
  • the problem of explosion risk caused by the environment and hydrogen has realized the green environmental protection of the entire storage process, safety, low consumption and no pollution.
  • the present invention uses the screw conveyor to push the dried aluminum slag to the storage bin, and slows down the speed of the conveyor to avoid the aluminum slag in the process of conveying the aluminum slag.
  • the violent impact makes the whole process continuous, safe and controllable.
  • the device for safe storage of aluminum slag provided by the present invention solves the current situation of manual feeding, transfer and unloading, and the connection between each processing stage is compact, occupies a small space, greatly reduces the transfer energy consumption, and improves the storage efficiency. , reducing production costs.
  • an anti-static grounding device is connected to the drying bin and/or the storage bin.
  • the anti-static grounding device can well eliminate the influence of static electricity on the storage process of aluminum slag and eliminate the danger.
  • the feeding port of the drying bin is located at the top of the drying bin, and a first activation hopper is installed at the feeding port of the drying bin.
  • the first activation hopper is used to assist the flow of aluminum slag by vibration when it is sent to the drying bin.
  • a second activation hopper is further connected between the outlet of the drying bin and the inlet of the screw conveyor.
  • the second activation hopper can assist the flow through vibration when the aluminum slag is sent out from the drying bin.
  • a first electrostatic isolation ring is connected between the inlet of the second activation hopper and the outlet of the drying bin, and the first electrostatic isolation ring is made of antistatic agent. Rubber spacer.
  • the first electrostatic isolation ring is used to connect the drying bin and the second activation hopper, so that the two do not contact each other.
  • the electrostatic isolation ring has the ability to insulate/isolate two objects and transfer static electricity, which can well eliminate the influence of static electricity on the storage process of aluminum slag. , remove the danger.
  • a first flapper valve is further provided between the discharge port of the second activation hopper and the feed port of the screw conveyor.
  • the first plug-in valve can effectively isolate the materials in the drying bin and the storage bin.
  • the discharge port of the storage bin is sequentially connected with a second electrostatic isolation ring, a third activation hopper and a second flap valve from top to bottom.
  • the second electrostatic isolation ring is used to eliminate the influence of the static electricity of the storage bin on the aluminum slag storage process and eliminate the danger.
  • the third activation hopper can assist the flow through vibration when the aluminum slag is sent out from the storage bin.
  • the second flap valve can effectively prevent the material from the storage bin from leaking out.
  • the drying bin and/or the storage bin is provided with at least one of a material level meter, a hydrogen meter or a temperature and humidity meter.
  • the level gauge is used to monitor the amount of aluminum slag deposited in the bin.
  • the hydrogen detector is used to monitor the hydrogen concentration in the chamber.
  • a thermo-hygrometer is used to monitor the dry humidity and temperature in the chamber.
  • the method is performed using the device for safely storing aluminum slag, and includes the following steps:
  • step S1 the air volume generated by the first drying fan is 3-50 m 3 /min, and the drying time is 10-72 h.
  • step S2 the conditions for completing the drying are: when the drying gas is not passed through, and the valve of the first air outlet and the valve of the first air inlet are closed, after the drying chamber is stabilized, the drying
  • the relative humidity in the warehouse is 12.0-20%
  • the temperature is the room temperature outside the warehouse
  • the hydrogen concentration is 0.01-0.05% VOL.
  • step S2 the conveying capacity of the screw conveyor is 0.5-2 t/h.
  • the storage conditions are: the storage bin does not contain hydrogen, the relative humidity is 12.0-20%, and the temperature is the room temperature outside the storage bin.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • drying bin 100 drying bin 100, first activation hopper 110, first intake pipe 120, first drying fan 121, first gas outlet pipe 130, deacidifier 131, dehydrogenator 132, first exhaust fan 133, first Material level meter 140, first hydrogen measuring instrument 150, first temperature and humidity meter 160, first anti-static grounding device 170, first electrostatic isolation ring 180, second activation hopper 181, first flapper valve 182, screw conveyor 183.
  • Storage bin 200 butterfly valve 210, second inlet pipe 220, second drying fan 221, inert gas bottle 222, second outlet pipe 230, dryer 231, second exhaust fan 232, second material level gauge 240, first The second hydrogen measuring instrument 250 , the second temperature and humidity meter 260 , the second anti-static grounding device 270 , the second electrostatic isolation ring 280 , the third activation hopper 281 , and the second flapper valve 282 .
  • a device for safely storing aluminum slag comprising:
  • the drying bin 100, the feed inlet of the drying bin 100 is located at the top of the drying bin 100, the first activation hopper 110 is installed on the feeding port of the drying bin 100, and the first air inlet pipe 120 and the first air outlet pipe 130 are provided on the side wall of the drying bin 100,
  • the first air inlet pipe 120 is located in the middle and lower part of the drying chamber 100
  • the first air outlet pipe 130 is located in the middle and upper part of the drying chamber 100
  • the first air inlet pipe 120 is connected with the first drying fan 121
  • the first air outlet pipe 130 is arranged in sequence along its airflow direction.
  • a deacidifier 131, a dehydrogenator 132 and a first exhaust fan 133 are provided, the first air inlet pipe 120 and the first air outlet pipe 130 are provided with air pressure gauges, and the drying bin 100 is also provided with a first material level gauge 140,
  • the first hydrogen measuring instrument 150 and the first temperature and humidity meter 160, the drying chamber 100 is connected with a first anti-static grounding device 170, and the discharge port of the drying chamber 100 is sequentially connected with a first electrostatic isolation ring 180, a second electrostatic isolation ring 180 from top to bottom activation hopper 181 and first flapper valve 182;
  • the storage bin 200 is located below the drying bin 100.
  • the feeding port of the storage bin 200 is connected to the discharging port of the drying bin 100 through the screw conveyor 183.
  • the feeding port of the storage bin 200 is also provided with a butterfly valve 210.
  • the side wall is provided with a second air inlet pipe 220 and a second air outlet pipe 230, the second air inlet pipe 220 is located in the middle and lower part of the storage bin 200, the second air outlet pipe 230 is located in the middle and upper part of the storage chamber 200, and the second air inlet pipe 220 is connected with a
  • the second drying fan 221, the end of the second air inlet pipe 220 is connected to the inert gas bottle 222, the second air outlet pipe 230 is sequentially connected with the dryer 231 and the second exhaust fan 232 along the air flow direction, the second air inlet pipe 220 and the second
  • the air outlet pipe 230 is provided with a barometer
  • the storage bin 200 is also provided with a second material level gauge 240, a
  • a method for safely storing aluminum slag which is carried out by using the above-mentioned device for safely storing aluminum slag, and specifically comprises the following steps:
  • step S3 Based on the completion of the drying of the aluminum slag in step S2, under the condition that the drying chamber 100 continues to pass dry air, the second activation hopper 181, the first flap valve 182, the butterfly valve 210 and the screw conveyor 183 are opened in turn to control the slowness of the aluminum slag.
  • the conveying capacity of the screw conveyor 183 is controlled at 0.8t/h, and the second material level meter 240 of the storage bin 200 monitors the input amount of aluminum slag;
  • the second temperature and humidity meter 260 measures the relative humidity of the storage bin 200 at 12.5%, and the temperature is the room temperature outside the storage bin 200.
  • the second air inlet pipe 220 is disconnected from the argon gas bottle, and the aluminum slag can be safely stored;
  • the second air inlet pipe 220 is connected to the argon gas bottle, and the second exhaust fan 232, the second drying fan 221, the valve of the second air outlet pipe 230, the valve of the second air inlet pipe 220 are opened in turn valve, open the third activation hopper 281 and the second flap valve 282, and discharge the material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种安全储存铝渣的装置和方法，该装置包括干燥仓和存放仓，干燥仓的侧壁设有第一进气管和第一出气管，第一进气管的连接有第一干燥风机，第一出气管沿其气流方向依次连接有脱酸器、脱氢器和第一抽风机；存放仓位于干燥仓的下方，存放仓的进料口通过螺旋输送机与干燥仓的出料口连接，存放仓的侧壁设有第二进气管和第二出气管，第二进气管上连接有第二干燥风机，第二进气管的末端可连接惰性气体瓶。本发明的整个安全储存过程分干燥阶段和存放阶段，很好的将干燥、存放中的不安全因素分开控制，能够有效防止铝水解放热和发生易燃、易爆事故的产生，提高铝渣存放的安全性。

Description

安全储存铝渣的装置和方法 技术领域
本发明涉及铝渣储存技术领域，特别涉及一种安全储存铝渣的装置和方法。
背景技术
锂电池在电动交通工具、电子产品、电力储能等领域应用十分的广泛，尤其是我国重要的新能源汽车行业快速发展，对锂电池的需求量也不断增大。在锂电池生产过程中带来大量的电池正极片边角废料，正极片边角废料包括以铝为主的集流体、以LiNi aCo bMn cO 2(a+b+c＝1，a、b、c在0～1之间)为主的活性物质、粘结剂、导电剂等物质组成，其中具有潜在回收利用价值的金属有镍、钴、锂、铝、锰等。
废正极片边角料在粗粉碎、物理筛分、精细粉碎等一系列操作中，会分离回收得到颗粒状的铝渣。相对于炼铝行业中产生的铝渣，通常以金属铝以及铝、镁、钙、硅等的金属氧化物为主，而废正极片边角料回收工艺阶段产生的铝渣以铝、氧化铝为主，有有粘结剂等；由于回收工艺阶段有粉碎、硫酸酸洗、水洗处理，使得产生铝渣颗粒的粒度大小不一、残留硫酸、含水率较高等问题，铝渣在储存过程中，考虑到细颗粒铝渣比表面积很大，很容易与水、残硫酸反应产热和氢气，发生易燃、易爆事故。铝与水、酸反应，产生燃爆的原理如下：
6Al+6H 2O＝6Al(OH) 3+3H 2↑
2Al+6H +＝2Al 3++3H 2↑
2H 2+O 2＝2H 2O+4.84×10 4kJ/mol(反应十分迅速)
因此在正极片边角料回收工艺中储存铝渣时，需要考虑到铝渣残留硫酸和水、铝渣颗粒大小引发的危险性问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本发明提出一种安全储存铝渣的装置和方法，能够有效防止铝水解放热和发生易燃、易爆事故 的产生，提高铝渣存放的安全性。
根据本发明的第一方面实施例的安全储存铝渣的装置，包括：
干燥仓，所述干燥仓的侧壁设有第一进气管和第一出气管，所述第一进气管的连接有第一干燥风机，所述第一出气管沿其气流方向依次连接有脱酸器、脱氢器和第一抽风机；
存放仓，位于所述干燥仓的下方，所述存放仓的进料口通过螺旋输送机与所述干燥仓的出料口连接，所述存放仓的侧壁设有第二进气管和第二出气管，所述第二进气管上连接有第二干燥风机，所述第二进气管的末端可连接惰性气体瓶，所述第二出气管沿其气流方向依次连接有干燥器和第二抽风机。
根据本发明实施例的安全储存铝渣的装置，至少具有如下有益效果：
1、与传统利用渣槽露天干燥、存放铝渣的方法相比，本发明采用密闭条件下风干的方式对铝渣进行干燥处理，整个安全储存过程分干燥阶段和存放阶段，很好的将干燥、存放中的不安全因素分开控制，降低整个储存过程中不安全因素的影响，干燥阶段中将产生的酸性气体、氢气、水蒸气抽离和干燥，解决了整个储存过程中所产生酸性气体污染环境、氢气造成燃爆风险的问题，实现了整个储存过程的绿色环保，安全低耗无污染。
2、与传统输送机、铲车运送铝渣的不同，本发明采用螺旋输送机推送的方式将干燥后的铝渣输送到存放仓，通过减缓输送机转速来避免铝渣输送过程中铝渣的剧烈撞击，使得整个过程连续性强、安全可控。
3、本发明提供的安全储存铝渣的装置解决了人工上料、转运以及卸料现状，且各处理阶段之间衔接紧凑，占用空间小，极大地减少了的转送能耗，提高了储存效率，降低了生产成本。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述干燥仓和/或所述存放仓接有防静电接地器。防静电接地器能很好消除静电对铝渣储存过程的影响，消除危险。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述干燥仓的进料口位于所述干燥仓的顶部，所述干燥仓的进料口安装有第一活化料斗。第一活化料斗用于铝渣在送入干燥仓时 能通过振动进行助流。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述干燥仓的出料口与所述螺旋输送机的进料口之间还连接有第二活化料斗。第二活化料斗在干燥仓铝渣送出时能通过振动进行助流。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述第二活化料斗的进料口与所述干燥仓的出料口之间连接有第一静电隔离圈，所述第一静电隔离圈为含有抗静电剂的橡胶隔离圈。第一静电隔离圈用于连接干燥仓和第二活化料斗，使两者不相互接触，静电隔离圈有绝缘/隔离两个物体传递静电的能力，能很好消除静电对铝渣储存过程的影响，消除危险。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述第二活化料斗的出料口与所述螺旋输送机的进料口之间还设有第一插板阀。第一插板阀能有效隔绝干燥仓和存放仓的物料。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述存放仓的出料口从上到下依次连接有第二静电隔离圈、第三活化料斗和第二插板阀。第二静电隔离圈用于消除存放仓静电对铝渣储存过程的影响，消除危险。第三活化料斗在存放仓铝渣送出时能通过振动进行助流。第二插板阀能有效防止存放仓物料漏出。
根据本发明的一些实施例，所述干燥仓和/或所述存放仓上设有料位计、测氢仪或温湿度计中的至少一者。料位计用于监控仓内的铝渣存入量。测氢仪用于监测仓内氢气浓度。温湿度计用于监测仓内的干湿度和温度。
根据本发明的第二方面实施例的安全储存铝渣的方法，所述方法利用所述安全储存铝渣的装置进行，包括如下步骤：
S1.将铝渣存入所述干燥仓，依次打开所述第一进气管的阀门、第一出气管的阀门、第一抽风机和第一干燥风机，铝渣在所述干燥仓内进行干燥；
S2.完成干燥后，在所述干燥仓持续通干燥空气的情况下，打开所述螺旋输送机，控制铝渣缓慢输送至所述存放仓中；
S3.完成送料后，打开所述第二出气管的阀门、第二进气管的阀门、第二干燥风机和第二抽风机，待存放仓内环境达到存放条件后，依次关闭第二抽风机、 第二干燥风机、第二出气管的阀门和第二进气管的阀门，铝渣即可安全储存。
根据本发明的一些实施例，步骤S1中，所述第一干燥风机产生的风量为3-50m 3/min，干燥的时间为10-72h。
根据本发明的一些实施例，步骤S2中，所述完成干燥的条件为：在未通干燥气体，且第一出气管的阀门、第一进气管的阀门关闭时，干燥仓稳定下来之后，干燥仓内的相对湿度在12.0-20％、温度为存放仓外室温的温度、氢浓度为0.01-0.05％VOL。
根据本发明的一些实施例，步骤S2中，所述螺旋输送机的输送量为0.5-2t/h。
根据本发明的一些实施例，步骤S3中，所述存放条件为：存放仓内不含氢气，相对湿度为12.0-20％，温度为存放仓外室温的温度。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1为本发明实施例的整体结构示意图。
附图标记：干燥仓100、第一活化料斗110、第一进气管120、第一干燥风机121、第一出气管130、脱酸器131、脱氢器132、第一抽风机133、第一料位计140、第一测氢仪150、第一温湿度计160、第一防静电接地器170、第一静电隔离圈180、第二活化料斗181、第一插板阀182、螺旋输送机183、存放仓200、蝶阀210、第二进气管220、第二干燥风机221、惰性气体瓶222、第二出气管230、干燥器231、第二抽风机232、第二料位计240、第二测氢仪250、第二温湿度计260、第二防静电接地器270、第二静电隔离圈280、第三活化料斗281、第二插板阀282。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本发明，而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
参照图1，一种安全储存铝渣的装置，包括：
干燥仓100，干燥仓100的进料口位于其顶部，干燥仓100的进料口安装有第一活化料斗110，干燥仓100的侧壁设有第一进气管120和第一出气管130，第一进气管120位于干燥仓100的中下部，第一出气管130位于干燥仓100的中上部，第一进气管120连接有第一干燥风机121，第一出气管130上沿其气流方向依次设有脱酸器131、脱氢器132和第一抽风机133，第一进气管120和第一出气管130上均设有气压表，干燥仓100上还设有第一料位计140、第一测氢仪150和第一温湿度计160，干燥仓100接有第一防静电接地器170，干燥仓100的出料口从上往下依次连接有第一静电隔离圈180、第二活化料斗181和第一插板阀182；
存放仓200，位于干燥仓100的下方，存放仓200的进料口通过螺旋输送机183与干燥仓100的出料口连接，存放仓200的进料口还设有蝶阀210，存放仓200的侧壁设有第二进气管220和第二出气管230，第二进气管220位于存放仓200的中下部，第二出气管230位于存放仓200的中上部，第二进气管220上连接有第二干燥风机221，第二进气管220的末端与惰性气体瓶222连接，第二出气管230沿其气流方向依次连接有干燥器231和第二抽风机232，第二进气管220和第二出气管230上均设有气压表，存放仓200上还设有第二料位计240、第二测氢仪250和第二温湿度计260，存放仓200接有第二防静电接地器270，干燥仓100的出料口从上到下依次连接有第二静电隔离圈280、第三活化料斗281和第二插板阀282。
一种安全储存铝渣的方法，采用上述安全储存铝渣的装置进行，具体包括如下步骤：
S1.打开第一活化料斗110，将在废正极片边回收过程中产生的约13t的铝渣存入干燥仓100，依次打开第一进气管120的阀门、第一出气管130的阀门、第一抽风机133和第一干燥风机121，干燥风机产生的风量在5m 3/min，铝渣在干燥仓100内干燥约28h；
S2.利用第一测氢仪150、第一温湿度计160监控干燥仓100中干燥的程度，干燥28h后，当未通干燥气体，第一出气管130的阀门、第一进气管120的阀门关闭时，干燥仓100稳定下来之后，干燥仓100内的相对湿度在12.3％、温度为存放仓200外室温的温度28℃、氢浓度为0.02％VOL，且各数值保持不变，即铝渣干燥完成；
S3.基于步骤S2铝渣干燥的完成，在干燥仓100持续通干燥空气的情况下，依次打开第二活化料斗181、第一插板阀182、蝶阀210和螺旋输送机183，控制铝渣缓慢输送至存放仓200中，螺旋输送机183输送量控制在0.8t/h，同时存放仓200的第二料位计240监控输入的铝渣量；
S4.完成送料后，关闭蝶阀210，打开第二出气管230的阀门、第二进气管220的阀门、第二进气管220连接好氩气气体瓶、第二干燥风机221和第二抽风机232，待第二测氢仪250显示检测不出氢气，第二温湿度计260测得存放仓200的相对湿度在12.5％，温度为存放仓200外室温的温度，存放仓200充满氩气后，依次关闭第二抽风机232、第二干燥风机221、第二出气管230的阀门和第二进气管220的阀门，第二进气管220与氩气气体瓶断开，铝渣即可安全储存；
S5.存放仓200需要出料时，第二进气管220与氩气气体瓶连接，依次打开第二抽风机232、第二干燥风机221、第二出气管230的阀门、第二进气管220的阀门，打开第三活化料斗281、第二插板阀282，进行出料。
上面结合附图对本发明实施例作了详细说明，但是本发明不限于上述实施例，在技术领域普通技术人员所具备的知识范围内，还可以在不脱离本发明宗旨的前提下作出各种变化。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    干燥仓，所述干燥仓的侧壁设有第一进气管和第一出气管，所述第一进气管的连接有第一干燥风机，所述第一出气管沿其气流方向依次连接有脱酸器、脱氢器和第一抽风机；
    存放仓，位于所述干燥仓的下方，所述存放仓的进料口通过螺旋输送机与所述干燥仓的出料口连接，所述存放仓的侧壁设有第二进气管和第二出气管，所述第二进气管上连接有第二干燥风机，所述第二进气管的末端可连接惰性气体瓶，所述第二出气管沿其气流方向依次连接有干燥器和第二抽风机。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述干燥仓和/或所述存放仓接有防静电接地器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述干燥仓的进料口位于所述干燥仓的顶部，所述干燥仓的进料口安装有第一活化料斗。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述干燥仓的出料口与所述螺旋输送机的进料口之间还连接有第二活化料斗。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述第二活化料斗的进料口与所述干燥仓的出料口之间连接有第一静电隔离圈，所述第一静电隔离圈为含有抗静电剂的橡胶隔离圈。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述第二活化料斗的出料口与所述螺旋输送机的进料口之间还设有第一插板阀。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述存放仓的出料口从上到下依次连接有第二静电隔离圈、第三活化料斗和第二插板阀。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述安全储存铝渣的装置，其特征在于，所述干燥仓和/或所述存放仓上设有料位计、测氢仪或温湿度计中的至少一者。
  9. 一种安全储存铝渣的方法，其特征在于，利用权利要求1-8任一项所述安全储存铝渣的装置进行，包括如下步骤：
    S1.将铝渣存入所述干燥仓，依次打开所述第一进气管的阀门、第一出气管的阀门、第一抽风机和第一干燥风机，铝渣在所述干燥仓内进行干燥；
    S2.完成干燥后，在所述干燥仓持续通干燥空气的情况下，打开所述螺旋输送机，控制铝渣缓慢输送至所述存放仓中；
    S3.完成送料后，打开所述第二出气管的阀门、第二进气管的阀门、第二干燥风机和第二抽风机，待存放仓内环境达到存放条件后，依次关闭第二抽风机、第二干燥风机、第二出气管的阀门和第二进气管的阀门，铝渣即可安全储存。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中，所述第一干燥风机产生的风量为3-50m 3/min，干燥的时间为10-72h；步骤S2中，所述完成干燥的条件为：在未通干燥气体，且第一出气管的阀门、第一进气管的阀门关闭时，干燥仓稳定下来之后，干燥仓内的相对湿度在12.0-20％、温度为存放仓外室温的温度、氢浓度为0.01-0.05％VOL；步骤S2中，所述螺旋输送机的输送量为0.5-2t/h；步骤S3中，所述存放条件为：存放仓内不含氢气，相对湿度为12.0-20％，温度为存放仓外室温的温度。
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