WO2022219908A1 - 内燃機関制御装置及び内燃機関制御方法 - Google Patents
内燃機関制御装置及び内燃機関制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022219908A1 WO2022219908A1 PCT/JP2022/005685 JP2022005685W WO2022219908A1 WO 2022219908 A1 WO2022219908 A1 WO 2022219908A1 JP 2022005685 W JP2022005685 W JP 2022005685W WO 2022219908 A1 WO2022219908 A1 WO 2022219908A1
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- cylinder
- ignition timing
- internal combustion
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- combustion engine
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- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D45/00—Electrical control not provided for in groups F02D41/00 - F02D43/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/153—Digital data processing dependent on combustion pressure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an internal combustion engine control device and an internal combustion engine control method.
- Patent Document 1 describes "means for calculating the rotational acceleration of the engine and means for estimating the combustion state in the combustion chamber based on the rotational acceleration". Specifically, it describes estimating the combustion phase from the rotational position at which the rotational acceleration detected by the rotation angle sensor is at the extreme value, using the correlation between the rotational position at which the rotational acceleration is at the extreme value and the combustion phase. ing.
- 16A and 16B are diagrams showing the relationship between the in-cylinder pressure and the engine speed with respect to the crank angle.
- the number of revolutions is used as a parameter instead of the rotational acceleration disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- FIG. 16A shows an example of a curve showing the relationship between the crank angle and the in-cylinder pressure. Ignition timing and MFB50 timing are shown on this curve. After the air-fuel mixture is ignited according to the ignition timing, combustion starts and the cylinder pressure rises. ), combustion ends. This combustion phase affects the rotational position (hereinafter referred to as " ⁇ _MAX") at which the rotational speed reaches the extreme value (maximum value) through the crankshaft. In the following description, the combustion phase at which the mass combustion ratio is 50% is also referred to as the "combustion center of gravity".
- the curve shown in FIG. 16A is used as an example of a second approximation curve that approximates the ignition timing from the combustion center of gravity.
- FIG. 16B shows an example of a curve showing the relationship between the crank angle and the number of revolutions. This curve shows the timing of ⁇ _MAX at which the number of revolutions reaches its maximum value.
- the curve shown in FIG. 16B is used as an example of a first approximation curve for approximating the number of rotations with respect to the crank angle.
- FIG. 17 is a graph showing the relationship between ⁇ _MAX and MFB50. Against the backdrop of the physical phenomenon represented by the curves shown in FIGS. 16A and 16B, FIG. 17 shows an example of high correlation between ⁇ _MAX and MFB50. Therefore, by creating a calibration curve based on the relationship between ⁇ _MAX and MFB50 shown in FIG. 17, the internal combustion engine control device can estimate MFB50 from ⁇ _MAX.
- Patent Document 2 A technique related to combustion control using such a calibration curve is disclosed in Patent Document 2, for example.
- Patent Document 2 describes that MFB50 is estimated from a calibration curve based on ⁇ _MAX detected by a crank angle sensor, and ignition timing is controlled based on the difference from target MFB50.
- cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control which instructs a specific ignition timing for each cylinder, has been used.
- cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed to individually control the ignition timing of each cylinder, combustion torque and crank angle speed change due to changes in MFB50 of cylinders subjected to cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control.
- the internal combustion engine is provided with a plurality of cylinders, and each cylinder is connected by a crankshaft. Therefore, the phase of ⁇ _MAX of other cylinders also changes depending on the cylinder for which the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed. As a result, the correlation between ⁇ _MAX and MFB50 of each cylinder changes, causing an error in the calibration curve shown in FIG.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine control device and an internal combustion engine control method that can estimate the combustion center of gravity with high accuracy in consideration of the above problems.
- the internal combustion engine control device of the present invention is an internal combustion engine control device that individually adjusts and controls the ignition timing of a plurality of cylinders. , a rotation speed conversion unit, a maximum rotation speed detection unit, a combustion gravity center estimation unit, and a deviation calculation unit.
- the rotation speed converter converts the crank angle of the crankshaft connected to the cylinder into the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine.
- the maximum rotation speed detection unit detects the maximum value of the rotation speed converted by the rotation speed conversion unit.
- the combustion center of gravity estimator estimates the combustion center of gravity of the cylinder from the maximum value of the rotation speed.
- the deviation calculation unit calculates the deviation between the adjusted ignition timing of the adjusted cylinder among the plurality of cylinders and the ignition timing of the cylinder to be corrected that is the same as or different from the adjusted cylinder among the plurality of cylinders. do. Then, the combustion center of gravity estimating section changes the relationship between the maximum value of the rotation speed and the combustion center of gravity used when estimating the combustion center of gravity of the cylinder to be corrected, based on the deviation calculated by the deviation calculating section.
- the internal combustion engine control method of the present invention includes the following processes (1) to (4) in the internal combustion engine control method for individually adjusting and controlling the ignition timing of a plurality of cylinders.
- (1) A process of converting the crank angle of the crankshaft connected to the cylinder into the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine.
- (2) Processing for detecting the maximum value of the converted number of revolutions.
- (3) A process of calculating the deviation between the adjusted ignition timing of the adjusted cylinder among the plurality of cylinders and the ignition timing of the cylinder to be corrected that is the same as or different from the adjusted cylinder among the plurality of cylinders. .
- a process of estimating the combustion center of gravity of the correction target cylinder by changing the relationship between the maximum number of revolutions and the combustion center of gravity used when estimating the combustion center of gravity of the correction target cylinder based on the deviation.
- the center of gravity of combustion can be estimated with high accuracy. Problems, configurations, and effects other than those described above will be clarified by the following description of the embodiments.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the configuration of an internal combustion engine equipped with an internal combustion engine control device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a control system of an internal combustion engine control device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a combustion detection unit of an internal combustion engine control device according to an embodiment
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing average ignition timing control, which is conventional ignition timing control
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of conventional average ignition timing control
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control in the internal combustion engine control apparatus according to the embodiment
- 4 is a diagram showing an example of cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control in the internal combustion engine control apparatus according to the embodiment
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control in the internal combustion engine control apparatus according to the embodiment;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an estimated MFB50 when estimated with an inappropriate calibration curve;
- 4 is a diagram showing an example of cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control in the internal combustion engine control apparatus according to the embodiment;
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of calibration curve correction processing in the internal combustion engine control apparatus according to the embodiment;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing estimated MFB50 when estimated using a calibration curve after correction; 4 is a flowchart showing a first example of estimated operation of the MFB 50 in the internal combustion engine control system according to the embodiment; 7 is a flowchart showing a second example of the estimation operation of the MFB 50 in the internal combustion engine control system according to the embodiment; FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a third example of estimated operation of the MFB 50 in the internal combustion engine control system according to the embodiment; 16A shows the relationship between the crank angle and the engine speed, and FIG. 16B shows the relationship between the crank angle and the engine speed. .
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between ⁇ _MAX and MFB 50 in the related art;
- Embodiments of an internal combustion engine control device and an internal combustion engine control method will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 15.
- FIG. 1 the same code
- Embodiment 1-1 Configuration Example of Internal Combustion Engine Control
- this example a configuration example of an internal combustion engine control apparatus according to an embodiment (hereinafter referred to as "this example") will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
- FIG. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a configuration example of an internal combustion engine equipped with an internal combustion engine control device.
- the internal combustion engine 100 shown in FIG. 1 is an in-cylinder injection engine.
- the internal combustion engine 100 is a four-cycle engine that repeats four strokes: an intake stroke, a compression stroke, a combustion (expansion) stroke, and an exhaust stroke.
- the internal combustion engine 100 is, for example, a multi-cylinder engine having three cylinders.
- the number of cylinders that internal combustion engine 100 has is not limited to three, and may have four or six or more cylinders.
- the internal combustion engine 100 includes an airflow sensor 1 that measures the amount of intake air, a compressor 2 that supercharges the intake air, an intercooler 3 that cools the supercharged intake air, and a throttle valve 4 that adjusts the gas taken into the cylinder 5. and A throttle sensor 17 for detecting the opening degree of the throttle valve 4 is provided near the throttle valve 4 .
- the internal combustion engine 100 also includes a spark plug 6 that supplies ignition energy to the cylinder 5 of each cylinder, a fuel injection device 9 that injects fuel into the cylinder 5 of each cylinder, and fuel and gas flowed into the cylinder 5. and a piston 10 for compressing the air-fuel mixture. Further, the internal combustion engine 100 includes an intake valve 7 for adjusting the air-fuel mixture flowing into the cylinder 5 and an exhaust valve 8 for discharging exhaust gas after combustion.
- the internal combustion engine 100 also includes a crank angle sensor 11 that detects a signal from a signal rotor 13 attached to the crankshaft, and a water temperature sensor 12 that measures the temperature of cooling water. Further, the internal combustion engine 100 includes a turbine 14 that transfers the kinetic energy of exhaust gas to the compressor 2 via a shaft, and a three-way catalyst 15 that purifies harmful substances in the exhaust gas. An A/F sensor 16 that detects the concentration of oxygen contained in the exhaust gas is attached near the three-way catalyst 15 .
- the output signals of various sensors such as the airflow sensor 1, the crank angle sensor 11, the water temperature sensor 12, the A/F sensor 16, the throttle sensor 17, and the accelerator sensor 18 (see FIG. 2) for detecting the amount of operation of the accelerator are used for the internal combustion engine. It is input to an internal combustion engine control unit (ECU: Engine Control Unit) 200 that controls the engine 100 .
- ECU Engine Control Unit
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the internal combustion engine control device 200. As shown in FIG.
- the internal combustion engine control device 200 includes an input circuit 201, an input/output port 202, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 203, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 204, and a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 205.
- the internal combustion engine control device 200 also has a throttle valve drive circuit 206 , a fuel injector drive circuit 207 and an ignition output circuit 208 .
- the throttle valve drive circuit 206, the fuel injector drive circuit 207 and the ignition output circuit 208 are electrically controlled circuits.
- the input circuit 201 receives outputs from sensors such as the throttle sensor 17, the airflow sensor 1, the crank angle sensor 11, the water temperature sensor 12, the A/F sensor 16, the accelerator sensor 18, and the like.
- the input circuit 201 performs signal processing such as noise removal on the input signal and sends the processed signal to the input/output port 202 .
- a value input to the input port of the input/output port 202 is stored in the RAM 203 .
- the ROM 204 stores a control program describing the contents of various arithmetic processing executed by the CPU 205, MAPs and data tables used for each processing, and the like.
- the RAM 203 is provided with a storage area for storing the values input to the input ports of the input/output port 202 and the values representing the manipulated variables of the actuators calculated according to the control program. Also, the value representing the operation amount of each actuator stored in the RAM 203 is sent to the output port of the input/output port 202 .
- a drive signal that achieves the target opening of the throttle valve 4 set at the output port of the input/output port 202 is sent to the motor that drives the throttle valve 4 via the throttle valve drive circuit 206 .
- a drive signal for the fuel injection device 9 is an ON/OFF signal that is ON when the valve is opened and OFF when the valve is closed.
- a drive signal for the fuel injector 9 set to the output port of the input/output port 202 is amplified to energy sufficient to drive the fuel injector 9 by the fuel injector drive circuit 207 and supplied to the fuel injector 9. be done.
- the actuation signal for the spark plug 6 is an ON/OFF signal that turns ON when the primary coil in the ignition output circuit 208 is energized and turns OFF when the primary coil in the ignition output circuit 208 is not energized.
- the ignition timing of the spark plug 6 is the point in time when the actuation signal for the spark plug 6 turns from ON to OFF.
- An actuation signal for the ignition plug 6 set to the output port of the input/output port 202 is amplified to sufficient energy necessary for ignition in the ignition output circuit 208 and supplied to the ignition plug 6 .
- the CPU 205 is provided with a combustion detector 300 (see FIG. 3) for estimating MFB50.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the combustion detector 300. As shown in FIG.
- the combustion detection unit 300 includes a rotation speed conversion unit 301, a ⁇ _MAX detection unit 302, an MFB50 estimation unit 303, an average value calculation unit 304, and a deviation calculation unit 305.
- a rotation speed conversion unit 301 converts the measured crank angle into the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 100 .
- the rotation speed conversion unit 301 converts the number of pulse signals from the crank angle sensor 11 input from the RAM 203 into a rotation speed signal indicating a rotation speed value (hereinafter referred to as "rotation speed").
- Rotational speed conversion section 301 then outputs the converted rotational speed to ⁇ _MAX detection section 302 .
- the rotation speed converting section 301 converts the crank angle into the rotation speed using the first approximate curve (see FIG. 16B) that approximates the rotation speed with respect to the crank angle.
- a ⁇ _MAX detection unit 302 which is a maximum rotation speed detection unit, detects the maximum value of the rotation speed (hereinafter referred to as " ⁇ _MAX") based on the input rotation speed signal. Then, ⁇ _MAX detection section 302 outputs the detected ⁇ _MAX to MFB50 estimation section 303 .
- the MFB50 estimator 303 which is a combustion center of gravity estimator, has a plurality of calibration curves representing the relationship between MFB50 and ⁇ _MAX for each of a plurality of cylinders. MFB50 estimator 303 then estimates MFB50 for each cylinder based on ⁇ _MAX output from ⁇ _MAX detector 302 and the calibration curve. Then, MFB50 estimator 303 outputs the estimated MFB50 (hereinafter referred to as “estimated MFB50”) to ignition output circuit 208 . The ignition output circuit 208 adjusts the ignition timing of each cylinder so that the estimated MFB50 approaches a preset target MFB50.
- the MFB50 estimator 303 corrects the calibration curve of the correction target cylinder, and estimates the MFB50 of the correction target cylinder based on the corrected calibration curve.
- the adjusted ignition timings #n and #n+1 of the cylinders on which ignition timing control has been performed are input from the RAM 203 to the average value calculation unit 304 .
- the average value calculator 304 calculates an average value of input ignition timings (hereinafter referred to as "average ignition timing") t1.
- Average value calculation section 304 then outputs average ignition timing t1 to deviation calculation section 305 .
- the ignition timing of the correction target cylinder (hereinafter referred to as "correction target cylinder ignition timing") t0 is input from the RAM 203 to the deviation calculation unit 305 . Then, the deviation calculator 305 calculates the deviation between the average ignition timing t1 and the correction target cylinder ignition timing t0. Deviation calculator 305 outputs the calculated deviation to MFB50 estimator 303 .
- the MFB50 estimation unit 303 uses ⁇ _MAX of the correction target cylinder output from the ⁇ _MAX detection unit 302 to estimate the pre-correction MFB50 from the pre-correction calibration curve. Further, the MFB50 estimator 303 has an adder 307 and a calibration curve corrector 306 . The adder 307 adds the deviation output from the deviation calculator 305 to the estimated pre-correction MFB50. The value added by the adder 307 is the post-correction MFB50. The adder 307 then outputs the corrected MFB50 to the calibration curve corrector 306 .
- the calibration curve correction unit 306 corrects the calibration curve of the correction target cylinder based on the corrected MFB50.
- MFB50 estimator 303 uses the corrected calibration curve and ⁇ _MAX output from ⁇ _MAX detector 302 to estimate MFB50 of the correction target cylinder. Further, the MFB50 estimator 303 outputs the estimated MFB50 of the correction target cylinder to the ignition output circuit 208 . Then, the ignition output circuit controls the ignition timing of the correction target cylinder based on the estimated MFB50 output from the MFB50 estimator 303 .
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing conventional average ignition timing control
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of conventional average ignition timing control.
- MFB50 is the in-cylinder pressure, the ignition timing, and the combustion center of gravity, at the top.
- ⁇ _MAX the rotational speed and its maximum value ⁇ _MAX are illustrated.
- the calibration curve for ⁇ _MAX and MFB50 for each cylinder is created under the condition that all cylinders have the same ignition timing.
- the maximum angular velocity ⁇ _MAX is detected from the signal detected by the crank angle sensor. Note that ⁇ _MAX is common to each cylinder.
- MFB50 of each cylinder is estimated from the calibration curve of each cylinder shown in FIG.
- an average MFB50 which is an average value of the estimated MFB50 of each cylinder, is calculated.
- the ignition timing ta is calculated so that the average MFB50 becomes an appropriate MFB50.
- the calculated ignition timing ta is common to each cylinder, as shown in FIG. Then, the calculated ignition timing ta is output to the ignition output circuit, and the ignition plug of each cylinder is ignited based on the calculated ignition timing ta.
- cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is used to indicate a specific ignition timing for each cylinder.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control
- FIGS. 7, 8 and 10 are diagrams showing control examples of the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control.
- Each graph in FIGS. 7, 8 and 10 shows in-cylinder pressure, ignition timing, and MFB50, which is the center of gravity of combustion.
- MFB50 which is the center of gravity of combustion.
- the rotational speed and its maximum value ⁇ _MAX are illustrated.
- the maximum angular velocity ⁇ _MAX is detected from the signal detected by the crank angle sensor. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, calibration curves representing the relationship between MFB50, which is the center of gravity of combustion, and ⁇ _MAX, which is the maximum angular velocity, are set for each of the first, second, and third cylinders. Then, MFB50 is estimated for each cylinder using the calibration curve for each cylinder.
- the ignition timing of each cylinder is calculated and adjusted so that the estimated MFB50 of each cylinder becomes the optimum MFB50, that is, the target MFB50.
- the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is applied to a plurality of cylinders when, for example, the running state of a vehicle in which the internal combustion engine 100 is mounted or when the difference between the estimated MFB50 and the target MFB50 exceeds a preset threshold. Conducted individually.
- the example shown in FIG. 7 shows a case in which cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed only for the first and second cylinders.
- the first and second cylinders correspond to post-adjustment cylinders.
- the ignition timing adjustment width A1 is the same for the first cylinder and the second cylinder. Therefore, the average value of the adjusted ignition timings of the first cylinder and the second cylinder (hereinafter referred to as "average ignition timing") t1 is the same as the adjusted ignition timing.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in the calibration curve due to cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control.
- the first, second and third cylinders are connected to each other via the crankshaft.
- the phase change of the MFB 50 of the first and second cylinders propagates to the third cylinder, and ⁇ _MAX of the third cylinder changes similarly to the first and second cylinders.
- the ignition timing of cylinder 3 is not adjusted, the phase of MFB 50 of cylinder 3 does not change.
- the dotted line shown in FIG. 8 indicates an inappropriate timing that does not consider the phase change of ⁇ _MAX of the own cylinder (third cylinder) due to the phase change of the MFB 50 of the other cylinders (first and second cylinders) due to the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control. calibration curve.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the estimated MFB50 when estimated with an inappropriate calibration curve.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 9 indicates time.
- the estimated MFB50 which is the estimated value indicated by the solid line
- the true value which is the actual value indicated by the dotted line.
- a large deviation from the value MFB50 occurs. Therefore, in order to estimate MFB50 with high accuracy, it is necessary to correct the calibration curve from the dotted line to the solid line.
- the ignition timing t0 of the cylinder to be corrected (the third cylinder) and the average ignition timing t1 of the adjusted ignition timings of the first and second cylinders for which the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed is A2.
- the deviation between the phase of the MFB50 of the correction target cylinder before correction and the MFB50 of the cylinder changed by executing the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is defined as C1.
- the deviation A2 of the ignition timing and the deviation C1 of the MFB50 are equal. Therefore, in the internal combustion engine control device 200 of this embodiment, the calibration curve of the correction target cylinder is corrected using the relationship between the ignition timing deviation and the MFB deviation.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an overview of the calibration curve correction process.
- the maximum angular velocity ⁇ _MAX is detected from the signal detected by the crank angle sensor.
- MFB50 before correction is estimated from the calibration curve before correction and the detected ⁇ _MAX for the correction target cylinder.
- a deviation (difference) A2 between the adjusted average ignition timing t1 of the adjusted ignition timings of the cylinders subjected to the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control and the ignition timing t0 of the cylinders to be corrected is calculated.
- the calibration curve is corrected by adding the calculated deviation A2 to the estimated MFB50 before correction.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the estimated MFB50 estimated using the corrected calibration curve.
- the horizontal axis of FIG. 12 indicates time.
- the solid line in FIG. 12 is the estimated value, and the dotted line is the measured value.
- the estimated MFB50 which is the estimated value of the third cylinder, which is the correction target cylinder, can be brought closer to the true value MFB50, which is the actually measured value. In this manner, MFB50 can be estimated with high accuracy even when cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed.
- FIG. 13 is a flow chart showing a first estimation operation example of the MFB 50 .
- cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed for the first and second cylinders in a three-cylinder engine, and an operation for estimating the MFB50 of the third cylinder will be described.
- the CPU 205 calculates the ignition timings of the first and second cylinders based on the estimated MFB50 of the first and second cylinders estimated by the MFB50 estimation unit 303 . That is, the ignition timing is calculated so that the estimated MFB50 approaches the target MFB50. Then, based on the calculated ignition timing, the CPU 205 performs cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control for adjusting the ignition timing of the first cylinder and the second cylinder (step S11).
- the average value calculation unit 304 acquires from the RAM 203 the adjusted ignition timings of the first and second cylinders for which ignition timing control has been performed. Then, the average value calculation unit 304 calculates the average value of the adjusted ignition timings of the first and second cylinders, that is, the average ignition timing t1 (step S12).
- the MFB50 estimator 303 obtains MFB50 based on ⁇ _MAX, which is the maximum angular velocity of the third cylinder in which the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is not performed, and the calibration curve before correction (step S13).
- the deviation calculation unit 305 calculates the deviation A2 between the average ignition timing t1 and the ignition timing t0 of the third cylinder (step S14). Then, deviation calculator 305 inputs calculated deviation A2 to MFB50 estimator 303 . The addition unit 307 of the MFB50 estimation unit 303 adds the deviation A2 calculated in the process of step S14 to the MFB50 obtained in the process of step S13 to calculate the corrected MFB50 (step S15).
- the calibration curve correction unit 306 corrects the calibration curve of the third cylinder based on the corrected MFB50 calculated in the process of step S15 (step S16). Thereafter, the MFB50 estimator 50 estimates the MFB50 of the third cylinder based on the calibration curve corrected in step S16. In this way, by considering the change in ⁇ _MAX caused by the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control, the accuracy of estimating MFB50, which is the center of gravity of combustion, can be improved.
- the first estimation operation example an example in which cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed for a plurality of cylinders, the first cylinder and the second cylinder, will be described.
- the deviation calculation unit 305 calculates the adjusted ignition timing for the first cylinder and the second cylinder for which the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is not performed. Calculate the deviation of the ignition timing of
- the MFB50 estimator 303 uses this deviation to correct the calibration curve for the second cylinder. Furthermore, the deviation calculation unit 305 calculates the deviation between the adjusted ignition timing of the first cylinder and the ignition timing of the third cylinder, which is not subjected to the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control. Then, MFB50 estimator 303 uses this deviation to correct the calibration curve for the third cylinder. As a result, it is possible to take into consideration the influence of the cylinder on which the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed on other cylinders, and to improve the estimation accuracy of the MFB50.
- the MFB50 estimator 303 has a calibration curve indicating the relationship between ⁇ _MAX, which is the maximum angular velocity, and MFB50, which is the fuel center of gravity, for each cylinder. It is not limited to this.
- the MFB50 estimator 303 has, for example, a mathematical formula and a map representing the relationship between ⁇ _MAX, which is the maximum angular velocity, and MFB50, which is the center of gravity of the fuel, for each cylinder.
- FIG. 14 is a flow chart showing a second estimation operation example of the MFB 50 .
- the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timings of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd cylinders are performed, and the state after the calibration curve of the 4th cylinder is corrected.
- the third cylinder is deactivated by the cylinder deactivation control.
- the average ignition timing may change. Therefore, in the operation example shown in FIG. 14, when the cylinders are deactivated, the average ignition timing is calculated from the ignition timings of the cylinders that are active again, that is, the cylinders that are not deactivated.
- the CPU 205 performs cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control for the first, second, and third cylinders (step S21).
- the calibration curve correcting unit 306 of the MFB50 estimating unit 303 calculates the calibration curve for the fourth cylinder by adjusting the average ignition timing of the adjusted ignition timings of the first, second, and third cylinders, It is corrected based on the deviation from the ignition timing of the 4 cylinders.
- step S22 the CPU 205 performs cylinder deactivation detection based on various sensors provided in the internal combustion engine 100 and command signals (step S22). Then, the CPU 205 determines whether cylinder deactivation has been performed (step S23). In the processing of step S23, if it is determined that the cylinder deactivation is not performed (NO determination in step S23), the processing ends. That is, MFB50 of the fourth cylinder is estimated based on the calibration curve corrected in the process of step S21.
- step S23 when it is determined in the process of step S23 that the cylinders have been deactivated (YES determination in step S23), the average value calculation unit 304 calculates the An average value of ignition timing after adjustment (average ignition timing) is calculated (step S24).
- the MFB50 estimator 303 obtains MFB50 based on ⁇ _MAX, which is the maximum angular velocity of the fourth cylinder that is not subjected to individual cylinder ignition timing control, and the calibration curve before correction (step S25).
- the deviation calculation unit 305 calculates the deviation between the average ignition timing recalculated in step S24 and the ignition timing of the fourth cylinder (step S26).
- the deviation calculator 305 then inputs the calculated deviation to the MFB50 estimator 303 .
- the addition unit 307 of the MFB50 estimation unit 303 adds the deviation calculated in the process of step S26 to the MFB50 obtained in the process of step S25 to calculate the corrected MFB50 (step S27).
- the calibration curve correction unit 306 corrects the calibration curve of the fourth cylinder based on the corrected MFB50 calculated in the process of step S27 (step S28). Thereafter, the MFB50 estimator 50 estimates the MFB50 of the fourth cylinder based on the calibration curve corrected in step S28. Note that when the idle third cylinder becomes active, the average value calculation unit 304 calculates the average value of the ignition timing of the cylinders that are in the active (combustion state) cylinders where the cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed again. do.
- FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing a third estimation operation example of the MFB 50. As shown in FIG. In the third estimation operation example shown in FIG. 15, in a four-cylinder engine, cylinder-by-cylinder ignition timing control is performed for all of the first, second, third, and fourth cylinders. explain.
- the ignition timing of the first cylinder is adjusted from the ignition timing tn1 to the ignition timing tm1, and the ignition timing of the second cylinder is adjusted from the ignition timing tn2.
- the ignition timing is adjusted to tm2.
- the ignition timing of the third cylinder is adjusted from the ignition timing tn3 to the ignition timing tm3, and the ignition timing of the fourth cylinder is adjusted from the ignition timing tn4 to the ignition timing tm4. Therefore, the phase of the MFB 50 of each cylinder also changes. Also, since each cylinder is connected via a crankshaft, the phase of ⁇ _MAX of each cylinder changes similarly.
- the adjustment range of the ignition timing differs for each cylinder, causing a deviation in the amount of change in the phase of the MFB50.
- the deviations ⁇ #1, ⁇ #2, ⁇ #3, and ⁇ #4 between the adjusted ignition timings tm1, tm2, tm3, and tm4 in each cylinder and the average ignition timing t_ave are the average values of MFB50 and MFB50 in each cylinder. Almost equal to the deviations ⁇ #1, ⁇ #2, ⁇ #3, ⁇ #4 of MFB50_ave.
- the average value calculation unit 304 calculates the average ignition timing t_ave from the known adjusted ignition timings tm1, tm2, tm3, and tm4 of each cylinder. Then, the deviation calculator 305 calculates deviations #1, ⁇ #2, ⁇ #3, and ⁇ #4 between the ignition timings tm1, tm2, tm3, and tm4 of each cylinder and the average ignition timing t_ave. Also, the MFB50 estimator 50 estimates the MFB50 of each cylinder from ⁇ _MAX and the calibration curve before correction. As described above, ⁇ _MAX of each cylinder changes similarly, so MFB50 estimated from the calibration curve before correction is approximately equal to average value MFB50_ave.
- the MFB50 estimator 50 adds the deviations #1, ⁇ #2, ⁇ #3, and ⁇ #4 calculated by the deviation calculator 305 to the average value MFB50_ave to correct the calibration curve of each cylinder. After that, the MFB50 estimator 50 estimates the MFB50 of each cylinder based on the corrected calibration curve. As a result, even when the ignition timing of each cylinder is controlled individually, MFB50 of each cylinder can be estimated with high accuracy.
- the above-described embodiments are detailed and specific descriptions of the configurations of devices and systems for easy understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described. Further, it is possible to replace part of the configuration of the embodiment described here with the configuration of another embodiment, and furthermore, it is possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment. It is possible. Moreover, it is also possible to add, delete, or replace part of the configuration of the embodiment with another configuration.
- control lines and information lines indicate what is considered necessary for explanation, and not all control lines and information lines are necessarily indicated on the product. In practice, it may be considered that almost all configurations are interconnected.
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Abstract
Description
図16A及び図16Bは、クランクアングルに対する筒内圧とエンジンの回転数との関係を示す図である。図16A及び図16Bに示す事例では、特許文献1に開示された回転加速度の代わりに、回転数をパラメータとして説明する。
図16A及び図16Bに示した曲線で表される物理現象を背景とした上で、図17では、θω_MAXとMFB50の高い相関の例が示される。そこで、図17に示すθω_MAXとMFB50との関係を基に校正曲線を作成することで、内燃機関制御装置がθω_MAXからMFB50を推定することが可能となる。
本願は、上記課題を解決する手段を複数含んでいるが、その一例を挙げるなら、本発明の内燃機関制御装置は、複数の気筒の点火時期を個別に調整し、制御する内燃機関制御装置において、回転数変換部と、最大回転数検知部と、燃焼重心推定部と、偏差演算部と、を備えている。回転数変換部は、気筒に接続されたクランクシャフトのクランク角を内燃機関の回転数に変換する。最大回転数検知部は、回転数変換部が変換した回転数の最大値を検知する。燃焼重心推定部は、回転数の最大値から気筒の燃焼重心を推定する。偏差演算部は、複数の気筒のうち点火時期が調整された調整後気筒における調整後の点火時期と複数の気筒のうち調整後気筒とは同一又は異なる補正対象気筒の点火時期との偏差を算出する。そして、燃焼重心推定部は、偏差演算部が算出した偏差に基づいて、補正対象気筒の燃焼重心を推定する際に用いる回転数の最大値と燃焼重心との関係を変更する。
(1)気筒に接続されたクランクシャフトのクランク角を内燃機関の回転数に変換する処理。
(2)変換した回転数の最大値を検知する処理。
(3)複数の気筒のうち点火時期が調整された調整後気筒における調整後の点火時期と複数の気筒のうち調整後気筒とは同一又は異なる補正対象気筒の点火時期との偏差を算出する処理。
(4)偏差に基づいて、補正対象気筒の燃焼重心を推定する際に用いる回転数の最大値と燃焼重心との関係を変更し、補正対象気筒の燃焼重心を推定する処理。
上記した以外の課題、構成及び効果は、以下の実施の形態の説明により明らかにされる。
1-1.内燃機関制御の構成例
まず、実施の形態例(以下、「本例」という)にかかる内燃機関制御装置の構成例について、図1から図3を参照して説明する。
図1は、内燃機関制御装置が搭載された内燃機関の構成例を示す概略構成図である。
次に、図2を参照して内燃機関100を制御する内燃機関制御装置200の構成について説明する。
図2は、内燃機関制御装置200の構成を示すブロック図である。
次に、図3を参照して燃焼検知部300の構成について説明する。
図3は、燃焼検知部300の構成を示すブロック図である。
次に、上述した構成を有する内燃機関制御装置200における点火時期制御について説明する。以下に示す例では、3気筒エンジンを例として説明する。
まず、図4及び図5を参照して従来の点火時期制御として平均点火時期制御について説明する。
図4は、従来の平均点火時期制御を示す説明図、図5は、従来の平均点火時期制御の制御例を示す図である。図5における各グラフには、上部に筒内圧と点火時期及び燃焼重心であるMFB50を図示している。そして、図5における各グラフの下部には、回転数とその極大値であるθω_MAXが図示されている。また、図5に示すように、各気筒のθω_MAXとMFB50に関する校正曲線は、全気筒の点火時期が共通の条件で作成されている。
次に、図6から図10を参照して本例の点火時期制御、すなわち気筒別に点火時期を制御する方法について説明する。
図6は、気筒別点火時期制御を示す説明図、図7、図8及び図10は、気筒別点火時期制御の制御例を示す図である。図7、図8及び図10における各グラフには、上部に筒内圧と点火時期及び燃焼重心であるMFB50を図示している。そして、図7、図8及び図10における各グラフの下部には、回転数とその極大値であるθω_MAXが図示されている。
ここで、第1気筒、第2気筒及び第3気筒は、クランクシャフトを介して相互に接続されている。図8に示すように、第1気筒及び第2気筒のMFB50の位相変化が、第3気筒へ伝播し、第3気筒のθω_MAXが第1気筒及び第2気筒と同様に変化する。しかしながら、第3気筒の点火時期は、調整されていないため、第3気筒のMFB50の位相は変化しない。
図9に示すように、θω_MAXの位相変化を考慮しない不適切な校正曲線でMFB50を推定した場合、第3気筒では、実線で示す推定値である推定MFB50と、点線で示す実測値である真値MFB50との間に大きな乖離が発生する。そのため、MFB50を高精度に推定するためには、校正曲線を点線から実線に補正する処理が必要となる。
図11は、校正曲線の補正処理の概要を示す説明図である。
図11に示すように、クランク角センサが検出した信号から最大角速度であるθω_MAXを検出する。そして、補正対象気筒における補正前の校正曲線と検出したθω_MAXから補正前のMFB50が推定される。次に、気筒別点火時期制御を実施した気筒の調整後の点火時期の平均点火時期t1と補正対象気筒の点火時期t0の偏差(差分)A2を算出する。そして、推定した補正前のMFB50に算出した偏差A2を加算することで、校正曲線が補正される。
図12に示すように、校正曲線を補正することで、補正対象気筒である第3気筒の推定値である推定MFB50を、実測値である真値MFB50に近づけることができる。このように、気筒別点火時期制御を実施した場合でも、MFB50を高精度に推定することができる。
2-1.第1の推定動作作例
次に、本例の内燃機関制御装置200で実施されるMFB50の第1の推定動作例について図13を参照して説明する。
図13は、MFB50の第1の推定動作例を示すフローチャートである。図13に示す第1の推定動作例では、3気筒エンジンにおける第1気筒と第2気筒に対して気筒別点火時期制御が実施され、第3気筒のMFB50を推定する動作について説明する。
次に、図14を参照してMFB50の第2の推定動作例について説明する。
図14は、MFB50の第2の推定動作例を示すフローチャートである。図14に示す第2の推定動作例では、4気筒エンジンにおいて、第1気筒、第2気筒及び第3気筒の気筒別点火時期が実施されて、第4気筒の校正曲線を補正した後の状態について説明する。また、図14に示す動作例では、気筒休止制御により第3気筒が休止されるときを想定している。ここで、校正曲線を補正した後に、気筒休止が実施された場合、平均点火時期が変化する可能性がある。そのため、図14に示す動作例では、気筒休止が実施された場合、再度アクティブな気筒、すなわち休止していない気筒の点火時期から平均点火時期を算出している。
次に、図15を参照してMFB50の第3の推定動作例について説明する。
図15は、MFB50の第3の推定動作例を示す説明図である。図15に示す第3の推定動作例では、4気筒エンジンにおいて、第1気筒及び第2気筒、第3気筒、第4気筒の全ての気筒に対して気筒別点火時期制御が実施された場合について説明する。
Claims (8)
- 複数の気筒の点火時期を個別に調整し、制御する内燃機関制御装置において、
前記気筒に接続されたクランクシャフトのクランク角を内燃機関の回転数に変換する回転数変換部と、
前記回転数変換部が変換した前記回転数の最大値を検知する最大回転数検知部と、
前記回転数の最大値から前記気筒の燃焼重心を推定する燃焼重心推定部と、
複数の前記気筒のうち点火時期が調整された調整後気筒における調整後の点火時期と複数の前記気筒のうち前記調整後気筒とは同一又は異なる補正対象気筒の点火時期との偏差を算出する偏差演算部と、を備え、
前記燃焼重心推定部は、前記偏差演算部が算出した前記偏差に基づいて、前記補正対象気筒の前記燃焼重心を推定する際に用いる前記回転数の最大値と前記燃焼重心との関係を変更する
内燃機関制御装置。 - 前記燃焼重心推定部は、複数の前記気筒ごとに前記回転数の最大値と前記燃焼重心との関係を示す校正曲線を有し、
前記偏差演算部が算出した前記偏差に基づいて、前記補正対象気筒の前記校正曲線を補正する校正曲線補正部を有する
請求項1に記載の内燃機関制御装置。 - 前記燃焼重心推定部は、
前記調整後気筒の前記点火時期を調整した際に変化した前記回転数の最大値に基づいて、前記補正対象気筒の補正前燃焼重心を推定し、
前記校正曲線補正部は、推定した前記補正前燃焼重心に前記偏差を加算することで、前記校正曲線を補正する
請求項2に記載の内燃機関制御装置。 - 前記調整後気筒が複数存在する際に、複数の前記調整後気筒の調整後の点火時期の平均値を算出する平均値演算部を備え、
前記偏差演算部は、前記平均値と前記補正対象気筒の点火時期との偏差を算出する
請求項1に記載の内燃機関制御装置。 - 前記平均値演算部は、複数の前記調整後気筒の休止を検知した際に、複数の前記調整後気筒のうち休止していない気筒の調整後の点火時期の平均値を再び演算し、
前記偏差演算部は、再び演算された前記平均値と前記補正対象気筒の点火時期との偏差を算出する
請求項4に記載の内燃機関制御装置。 - 前記補正対象気筒は、前記調整後気筒と同一の気筒であり、
前記偏差演算部は、前記平均値と前記補正対象気筒の調整後の点火時期との偏差を算出する
請求項4に記載の内燃機関制御装置。 - 前記補正対象気筒は、前記調整後気筒とは異なる気筒である
請求項1に記載の内燃機関制御装置。 - 複数の気筒の点火時期を個別に調整し、制御する内燃機関制御方法において、
前記気筒に接続されたクランクシャフトのクランク角を内燃機関の回転数に変換する処理と、
変換した前記回転数の最大値を検知する処理と、
複数の前記気筒のうち点火時期が調整された調整後気筒における調整後の点火時期と複数の前記気筒のうち前記調整後気筒とは同一又は異なる補正対象気筒の点火時期との偏差を算出する処理と、
前記偏差に基づいて、補正対象気筒の燃焼重心を推定する際に用いる前記回転数の最大値と燃焼重心との関係を変更し、前記補正対象気筒の燃焼重心を推定する処理と、
を含む内燃機関制御方法。
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