WO2022217977A1 - 一种载银沸石过滤器及核电厂安全壳过滤排放系统 - Google Patents
一种载银沸石过滤器及核电厂安全壳过滤排放系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022217977A1 WO2022217977A1 PCT/CN2021/143629 CN2021143629W WO2022217977A1 WO 2022217977 A1 WO2022217977 A1 WO 2022217977A1 CN 2021143629 W CN2021143629 W CN 2021143629W WO 2022217977 A1 WO2022217977 A1 WO 2022217977A1
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- Prior art keywords
- silver
- loaded zeolite
- gas
- pressure
- tank body
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- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 138
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 123
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyltrioctylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XKBGEWXEAPTVCK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- -1 silver ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000006966 Areva Species 0.000 description 1
- LPSCRKGVODJZIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].[C] Chemical class [I].[C] LPSCRKGVODJZIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002497 iodine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013327 media filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003444 phase transfer catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/58—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in parallel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0002—Casings; Housings; Frame constructions
- B01D46/0005—Mounting of filtering elements within casings, housings or frames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0036—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by adsorption or absorption
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
- B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
- B01D46/64—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series arranged concentrically or coaxially
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
- B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
- B01D53/0407—Constructional details of adsorbing systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
- B01D2253/108—Zeolites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/112—Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
- B01D2253/1122—Metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/104—Silver
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/202—Single element halogens
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
- B01D2257/2068—Iodine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a silver-loaded zeolite filter and a nuclear power plant containment filtration and discharge system comprising the silver-loaded zeolite filter.
- nuclear power plants are equipped with three safety barriers, of which the nuclear power plant containment is the last safety barrier to prevent the release of radioactive products into the environment.
- the overpressure problem of the containment in the late stage of the serious accident of the nuclear power plant has received extensive attention.
- the nuclear power plant has installed a containment filter and discharge system, which reduces the pressure in the containment through active discharge, and at the same time filters the radioactive substances in the exhaust gas through the filter device on the system.
- the fission products in the containment under severe accident conditions mainly include aerosol, elemental iodine and gaseous organic iodine.
- a large number of research literatures show that the existing wet containment filtration and discharge systems have excellent filtration capacity for aerosols and elemental iodine, but insufficient filtration capacity for organic iodine gas, mainly due to the low chemical reaction rate of organic iodine and aqueous solutions, and Insufficient contact time with the liquid phase results in only a small fraction of the organic iodine being retained as it flows through the containment filter discharge system.
- Radioactive iodine from nuclear facility exhaust gas, such as KI, TEDA (triethylenediamine) and silver impregnants can improve the removal efficiency of radioactive iodine.
- Activated carbon has also been successfully used in nuclear power plants, but in high temperature systems, TEDA-impregnated activated carbon cannot be used as the main adsorbent. The main reason is that activated carbon has a low ignition point and is resistant to nitrogen, so this method cannot be used for high temperature conditions. Down. To remove radioactive iodine at high temperatures, it is necessary to use inorganic adsorbents that allow radioactive iodine to form stable iodine compounds.
- the activated carbon iodine adsorbers used in nuclear power plants mainly include iodine adsorber type I (folding type), iodine adsorber type II (drawer type) and iodine adsorber type III (deep bed type), which are typical activated carbon adsorbers in the non-nuclear industry. Also includes cylindrical type (straw hat type). Among them, the folded and drawer filters have relatively complex structures and are not easy to be sealed under high pressure conditions, while the deep bed filters are of an integral structure, which is not conducive to actual installation, maintenance and replacement.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a silver-loaded zeolite filter and a nuclear power plant containment filtration and discharge system comprising the silver-loaded zeolite filter for the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter can Effectively filter out organic iodine in the gas to be filtered.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
- a silver-loaded zeolite filter comprising a pressure-bearing tank body, a silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and a gas collecting header, wherein an inlet is opened at the top of the pressure-bearing tank body, and an outlet is opened at the bottom of the pressure-bearing tank body, and is to be filtered.
- the gas enters the pressure-bearing tank from the inlet, the silver-carrying zeolite filter unit is arranged in the pressure-bearing tank, and is used for removing organic iodine in the gas to be filtered, and the gas collecting header is arranged in the Below the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and communicated with the bottom end of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, for collecting filtered gas, the outlet of the pressure-bearing tank is communicated with the bottom end of the gas collection header .
- the silver-carrying zeolite filter further comprises an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe, the air inlet pipe is arranged in the inlet of the pressure-bearing tank, and is used to transport the gas to be filtered into the pressure-bearing tank, and the outlet pipe is arranged in the pressure-bearing tank.
- the outlet of the pressure tank body is connected to the gas collecting header for discharging the filtered gas in the gas collecting header out of the pressure tank body.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter further comprises a beam
- the beam is arranged in the pressure-bearing tank body, and is located above the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and the two ends of the beam are respectively fixed on the pressure-bearing tank body
- the gas outlet pipe is connected with the bottom of the gas collection header, and the gas outlet pipe is also used to support the gas collection header and the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, so as to The silver-loaded zeolite filter unit is fixed under the clamping of the beam, the gas collecting header and the gas outlet pipe.
- the ratio of the distance between the beam and the top of the pressure-bearing tank body to the height of the pressure-bearing tank body ranges from 0.15 to 0.4.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter further comprises a throttle orifice plate, and the throttle orifice plate is arranged at the input end of the air inlet pipe, and is used to obtain the dry gas to be filtered in a superheated state.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter further includes an airflow baffle assembly, the airflow baffle assembly includes a baffle, and the baffle is arranged in the pressure-bearing tank body above the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and facing the intake pipe.
- the airflow baffle assembly includes a baffle
- the baffle is arranged in the pressure-bearing tank body above the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and facing the intake pipe.
- the ratio of the distance between the baffle plate and the top of the pressure-bearing tank body to the height of the pressure-bearing tank body ranges from 0.05 to 0.3.
- the airflow baffle assembly further includes a connecting rod, there are multiple connecting rods, and the multiple connecting rods are arranged in parallel, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the top of the pressure tank body, and the other connecting rod is connected to the top of the pressure tank. One end is connected with the baffle.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit includes a plurality of filter element structures, and the plurality of filter element structures are arranged in parallel, each of the filter element structures includes a frame, a porous mesh and a silver-loaded zeolite bed, and the porous mesh is embedded in the frame.
- the other surfaces of the frame are closed structures, and the silver-loaded zeolite bed is laid inside the frame.
- the three filter element structures are a middle filter element structure and two side filter element structures, the three filter element structures are all flat, and their cross-sectional shape is square, and the length of the middle filter element structure is longer than that of the side filter element structure. length,
- the middle filter element structure is located in the middle of the pressure-bearing tank body, and the two side filter element structures are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle filter element structure.
- a gap is provided between the middle filter element structure and the side filter element structure, and the ratio of the width of the gap to the diameter of the pressure tank is in the range of 0.05 to 0.15.
- the packing density of the silver-loaded zeolite bed is accurately packed by a mechanical vibration platform.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit communicates with the gas collection header through a bottom flange, and the top of the gas collection header adopts a structure matching the bottom flange.
- the pressure-bearing tank body is a pressure vessel composed of a cylindrical cylinder, an upper head and a lower head, wherein the air inlet pipe is provided on the upper head, and the air outlet pipe is provided on the lower head.
- the present invention also provides a nuclear power plant containment filtration and discharge system, comprising the above-mentioned silver-loaded zeolite filter, which is used for filtering high-temperature organic iodine gas discharged from the containment.
- the invention can effectively remove the radioactive iodine element in the organic iodine by using the silver-loaded zeolite to filter the organic iodine gas, and through the rationally optimized structure arrangement of the filter element, the gas flow distribution of the silver-loaded zeolite filter is uniform, and the filtering effect is good.
- Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the silver-loaded zeolite filter in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
- Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a throttle orifice plate in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is the top view of the gas collecting header in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a side view of the gas collecting header in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- 1-Pressurized tank 2-Baffle plate, 3-Silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, 4-Gas collection header, 5-Gas outlet pipe, 6-Inlet pipe, 11-Connecting rod, 12-Beam, 31 -Frame, 32-porous mesh, 33-silver-loaded zeolite bed, 7-throttle orifice.
- connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, a fixed connection may be a Removably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
- connection may be a Removably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
- connection may be a Removably connected, or integrally connected; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be internal communication between two components.
- the invention provides a silver-loaded zeolite filter, comprising a pressure-bearing tank body, a silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and a gas collecting header.
- An inlet is opened at the top of the pressure-bearing tank body, and an outlet is opened at the bottom of the pressure-bearing tank body.
- the gas to be filtered enters the pressure tank from the inlet, the silver-carrying zeolite filter unit is arranged in the pressure tank to remove organic iodine in the gas to be filtered, and the gas collection header is provided with Below the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, and communicated with the bottom end of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit, for collecting filtered gas, the outlet of the pressure tank is connected to the gas collecting header Connected at the bottom.
- the present invention also provides a nuclear power plant containment filtration and discharge system, comprising the above-mentioned silver-loaded zeolite filter, which is used for filtering the organic iodine gas discharged from the containment.
- an embodiment of the present invention discloses a silver-loaded zeolite filter, which is mainly composed of a cylindrical pressure tank body 1, an airflow baffle 2, a silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, a gas collecting header 4, and an air outlet pipe 5 and the intake pipe 6 constitute.
- the cylindrical pressure-bearing tank body 1 is a stainless steel pressure vessel, the top of which is welded with an air inlet pipe 6, and the exhaust gas enters the pressure-bearing tank body 1 from the top air inlet pipe 6, and the airflow entering the pressure-bearing tank body 1 first
- the connecting rod 11 is composed of four stainless steel struts with a threaded structure, one end of which is fixed by welding.
- the upper end of the pressure tank body 1 is a head, and the lower end is a free end.
- the airflow baffle 2 is provided with a bolt hole.
- the connecting rod 11 can pass through the bolt hole of the airflow baffle 2 and is fixed with a nut.
- the airflow baffle 2 is under pressure.
- the spatial position of the tank body 1 can be adjusted according to the design.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 is composed of three filter element structures placed side by side.
- the filter element is a flat filter structure composed of a packing area and a gas flow channel.
- the mesh 32 is welded and embedded on the surface of the stainless steel frame 31, and the frame 31 is filled with silver zeolite particles to form a silver-loaded zeolite bed 33, and the filling density is precisely controlled by a mechanical vibration platform;
- the porous mesh 32 is the air inlet surface of the filter element structure. After the organic iodine gas enters from the porous mesh 32, it chemically reacts with the silver ions in the silver-loaded zeolite particles in the process of passing through the silver-loaded zeolite bed 33 and is adsorbed and removed, and then enters into the zeolite. Gas header 4.
- the upper end of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 is fixedly connected to the middle of the pressure tank body 1 through a beam 12, the beam 12 is made of metal, and the lower end is matched with the gas collecting header 4 through a flange and bolt structure.
- the beam 12 is a stainless steel flat structure, and the two ends are fixed on the side wall of the pressure tank 1 by bolts.
- the horizontal height of the beam 12 is designed to fully consider the height of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, the gas collecting header 4 and the gas outlet pipe 5. , and design the compression allowance on this basis.
- the function of the beam 12 is to compress the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, limit its displacement in height, and prevent gas leakage due to mechanical vibration during the operation of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 under accident and earthquake conditions.
- the structure of the gas collecting header 4 is a stainless steel box structure matched with the bottom of the silver zeolite filter unit 3.
- the gas collecting header 4 is made by welding process, and the upper part of the gas collecting header 4 is a special-shaped flange structure.
- the bottom flange of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 is the same.
- Below the upper flange of the header header 4 is a straight channel. The height of the straight channel can ensure that the gas discharged from the filter element does not accumulate and stagnate in the header header 4, thereby preventing the pressure generated in the filter from affecting the flow distribution characteristics.
- the straight passage of the gas header 4 matches the size of the gas outlet pipe 5, and is welded on the gas outlet pipe 5 to reduce the local pressure loss generated during the fluid flow process.
- the gas outlet pipe 5 is connected to the bottom of the pressure tank 1 through a flange. It constitutes the gas outlet channel.
- the air outlet pipe 5 is also the support part of the filter unit 3 and the gas collecting header 4, and together with the metal beam 12 with holes, the space position of the filter unit 3 is fixed to prevent the steam condensed in the pressure tank 1 from immersing the silver-loaded zeolite bed Layer 33, affects the overall filtration efficiency of the filter.
- the structural design of the new silver-loaded zeolite filter can ensure that the top air flow is evenly distributed in the container, and passes through the silver-loaded zeolite bed 33 at a low speed, and is finally discharged from the bottom of the pressure tank 1, with low flow resistance and high filtration efficiency, and Good flow stability.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 of the silver-loaded zeolite filter adopts a flat plate symmetrical structure design, and the plate spacing can ensure uniform flow distribution of the filter, thereby ensuring the filtration efficiency of the filter, and the structure also has good scalability. , which can flexibly change the length size in the horizontal and vertical directions according to the actual processing gas demand, without causing uneven flow distribution;
- the present invention enables the filter as a whole to have the best flow distribution characteristics, ensures the filtering efficiency and reduces the flow resistance of the equipment;
- the invention innovatively proposes the structural design of the gas collecting header, and solves the problem of filter immersion failure caused by steam condensation in the start-up stage of the filter;
- the invention adopts a compact arrangement of multiple filter units, and has the smallest equipment space volume on the premise of satisfying the organic iodine adsorption capacity;
- the invention can realize high-efficiency and stable filtration efficiency for gaseous organic iodine under high temperature, high pressure and high humidity environment.
- this embodiment discloses a silver-loaded zeolite filter, which includes a pressure-bearing tank 1, a silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, and a gas collecting header 4.
- the pressure-bearing tank 1 is a circle Cylinder-shaped
- the interior of the pressure tank 1 is a cavity, which is used to provide an installation position for the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, wherein the top of the pressure tank 1 is provided with an inlet, and the bottom of the pressure tank 1 is provided with an outlet,
- the gas to be filtered enters the pressure-bearing tank body 1 from the inlet, and the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 is arranged in the pressure-bearing tank body 1, and is located between the inlet and the outlet of the pressure-bearing tank body 1, and is used to remove the gas to be filtered.
- the gas collection header 4 is arranged below the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, and communicated with the bottom end of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, for collecting the filtered gas, and the outlet of the pressure tank 1 is connected to the collector. The bottom end of the air header 4 is communicated.
- the air inlet pipe 6 is arranged in the inlet of the pressure tank body 1, and is used to transport the gas to be filtered into the pressure tank body 1, and the air outlet pipe 5 is arranged in the outlet of the pressure tank body 1, and is connected with the pressure tank body 1.
- the gas collecting header 4 communicates with each other, and is used to discharge the filtered gas in the gas collecting header 4 out of the pressure tank body 1 .
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter further includes a beam 12, which is arranged in the pressure tank 1 and located above the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, and its two ends are respectively It is fixed on the side wall of the pressure tank body 1 and is used for pressing the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3.
- the beam 12 is made of metal. There are two beams 12, and the two beams 12 are arranged in parallel.
- the rod-shaped structure is provided with mounting holes on the beam 12, and is connected with the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 below through the bolt structure, the top of the gas collection header 4 is provided with a special-shaped flange, and the bottom of the silver zeolite filter unit is provided with a bottom Flange, the special-shaped flange of the gas-collecting header is adapted to the bottom flange, so that the gas-collecting header 4 can communicate with the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 through the special-shaped flange, and the lower part of the gas-collecting header 4 is a straight section Channel, the height of the straight channel is not less than 10% of the height of the pressure tank (in this embodiment, the height of the straight channel is 20% of the height of the pressure tank), so that the straight channel of the gas header 4 has Larger space, so as to ensure that the filtered gas will not accumulate and stagnate in the gas collection header 4, and can flow to the gas outlet pipe 5 quickly and smoothly.
- the size of the straight channel is the same as that of the gas outlet pipe 5, and is welded It is communicated with the input end of the gas outlet pipe 5 in a way, and the upper part of the gas outlet pipe 5 extends into the interior of the pressure tank 1 to support the gas collecting header 4 and the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, so that the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 is The beam 12 , the gas collecting header 4 and the gas outlet pipe 5 are clamped and fixed.
- the temperature is low, and the gas to be filtered (such as organic iodine gas containing a large amount of steam) entering the interior of the pressure tank 1 may condense in the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 , form a condensate, and cause the silver-loaded zeolite to fail, but because the gas collecting header 4 is provided, the organic iodine gas entering the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 will pass quickly and enter the gas collecting header 4, thereby making the start-up stage The organic iodine gas is condensed in the gas collecting header 4, or falls into the gas collecting header 4 after condensation, and will not stay in the silver-loaded zeolite bed, thereby effectively solving the problem that the silver-loaded zeolite is immersed by the condensate in the startup stage failure problem.
- the gas to be filtered such as organic iodine gas containing a large amount of steam
- the setting height of the beam 12 needs to consider the sum of the heights of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3, the gas collecting header 4 and the gas outlet pipe 5 extending into the pressure tank 1, so as to ensure that the beam 12 is connected to the gas collecting
- the box 4 and the air outlet pipe 5 can fix the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 and limit the height displacement of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 .
- the ratio of the distance between the beam 12 and the top of the pressure tank body 1 and the height of the pressure tank body 1 ranges from 0.15 to 0.4.
- the preferred height ratio is 0.26.
- the height of the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 in the pressure-bearing tank body is higher than the horizontal centerline of the pressure-bearing tank body (ie higher than the middle of the pressure tank), so the beam should be set at the upper part of the pressure tank 1.
- the silver zeolite material formed by combining silver ions with porous zeolite through replacement reaction has a good removal effect on organic iodine gas.
- the chemical reaction conditions of silver zeolite and organic iodine are relatively harsh.
- a higher temperature environment is required, and on the other hand, the humidity requirement is relatively high.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter in order to ensure that the organic iodine gas in the gas to be filtered is always in a superheated state to avoid the presence of water molecules in the silver zeolite to affect the absorption effect, the silver-loaded zeolite filter also includes an orifice.
- Plate 7 orifice plate 7 is arranged at the input end of the air inlet pipe 6, used to obtain the high-temperature dry gas to be filtered in a superheated state, and prevent the porous media filtration performance of the silver-loaded zeolite from failing due to steam condensation.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter also includes an airflow baffle assembly
- the airflow baffle assembly includes a baffle 2, which is arranged in the pressure tank body 1, and has a circular plate-like structure and is located in the carrier.
- the silver zeolite filter unit 3 Above the silver zeolite filter unit 3, and facing the air inlet pipe 6, it is used to block the air flow from the air inlet pipe 6 and slow down the flow rate of the air flow, so that the gas is evenly distributed in the pressure tank body 1, so that the gas can fully meet the load.
- the reaction medium in the silver zeolite filter unit 3 reacts sufficiently to remove the radioactive organic iodine in the accidental exhaust gas.
- the ratio of the distance between the baffle 2 and the top of the pressure-bearing tank 1 to the height of the pressure-bearing tank 1 is in the range of 0.05 to 0.3, so as to ensure that the gas flow velocity slowing effect of the baffle 2 and the gas flow distribution effect are the best .
- the baffle plate 2 is arranged in the pressure tank body 1 at a height of 800 mm from the top of the pressure tank body 1 .
- the airflow baffle assembly further includes connecting rods 11. Specifically, there are four connecting rods 11, and the four connecting rods 11 are arranged in parallel. One end of the connecting rods 11 is fixedly connected to the pressure tank body by welding. The top of 1 and the other end are connected to the baffle 2 through the bolt structure, so that the baffle 2 can adjust its spatial position in the pressure tank body 1 through the bolt structure, so that the baffle 2 can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The best position in the pressure tank body 1.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter unit 3 includes a plurality of filter element structures, and the plurality of filter element structures are arranged in parallel.
- three filter element structures are provided, which are an intermediate filter element structure and a side filter element structure, respectively.
- the length of the intermediate filter element structure located in the middle of the pressure tank body 1 is longer than that of the side filter element structures located on both sides of the intermediate filter element structure.
- the size and size of the two side filter elements are the same, and they are symmetrically distributed with respect to the middle filter element structure.
- the side adjacent to the pressure tank 1 is set as close to the side wall of the pressure tank 1 as possible, so that the space volume of the filter element structure can be increased, so that more silver-loaded zeolite beds 33 can be arranged.
- the structure of the three filter elements is relatively compact, which can effectively reduce the space occupied by the equipment.
- the ratio of the width of the gap to the diameter of the pressure tank body 1 is in the range of 0.05 to 0.15.
- the setting of the gaps within this range can make the flow distribution of the gas to be filtered more uniform, ensure the filtration efficiency and reduce the flow resistance of the gas to be filtered.
- the structure has good scalability, and the size can be flexibly changed according to the actual gas volume to be processed to adapt to the flow distribution of the gas to be filtered.
- the ratio of the width of the gap to the diameter of the pressure tank body is 0.075.
- each filter element structure includes a frame 31, a porous mesh 32 and a silver-loaded zeolite bed 33, the porous mesh 32 is embedded on the bottom surface and at least one side of the frame 31, and the other surfaces of the frame 31 are closed structures, which carry silver The zeolite bed 33 is laid inside the frame 31 .
- the frame 31 is a cuboid frame structure, and its material is stainless steel.
- the material of the porous net 32 is stainless steel, and the surface of the porous net 32 is provided with a plurality of tiny through holes, so that the surface of the porous net 32 forms a net shape , so as to form an inlet channel for the gas to flow into the interior of the frame 31; wherein, the frame 31 is formed by bending a stainless steel plate, the porous mesh 32 is installed on the two opposite sides and the bottom surface of the frame 31, and the silver-loaded zeolite bed 33 is covered by silver-loaded zeolite particles.
- the size of the silver-loaded zeolite particles is larger than the through holes on the porous net 32, so that the silver-loaded zeolite bed can be laid on the bottom porous net 32, and a support net is also provided at the bottom of the porous net 32.
- the mesh has high structural strength and is used to support the porous mesh 32 at the bottom and the silver-loaded zeolite bed.
- a support mesh is provided under the frame of each filter element structure, and its side length is 20mm and the width of the slats is 2mm. , forming a multi-lattice mesh plate structure, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the porous mesh at the bottom of the frame.
- the gas to be filtered (organic iodine gas) enters the inside of the frame 31 through the porous mesh 32, thereby contacting and reacting with the silver-loaded zeolite bed 33, and removing the radioactive organic iodine gas in the gas to be filtered.
- the packing density of the silver-loaded zeolite bed 33 is accurately filled by a mechanical vibration platform.
- the pressure tank body 1 is a pressure vessel composed of a cylindrical cylinder, an upper head and a lower head, wherein the air inlet pipe 6 is opened on the upper head, and the air outlet pipe 5 is opened on the lower head.
- the material of its cylindrical barrel is stainless steel.
- the silver-loaded zeolite filter in this embodiment can effectively filter the radioactive organic iodine gas in the gas to be filtered, remove the radioactive iodine element therein, and is arranged through a reasonable filter element structure, so that it has a good filtering effect, and also ensures that The uniform and reasonable distribution of gas flow makes the filtration speed faster, the gas flow resistance is small, and it has good stability.
- This embodiment discloses a nuclear power plant containment filtration and discharge system, comprising the silver-loaded zeolite filter in Embodiment 1 or 2, and the silver-loaded zeolite filter is used to filter high-temperature organic iodine gas discharged from the containment.
- the working process of the nuclear power plant containment filter discharge system is as follows:
- the gas discharge port of the nuclear power plant containment is communicated with the air intake pipe 6 of the silver-loaded zeolite filter, and the organic iodine gas (steam) discharged from the containment is in a superheated state through the orifice plate 7, and then passes through the air intake pipe. 6 Enter the inside of the pressure tank 1;
- the organic iodine gas is decelerated and moved downward under the action of the baffle 2, and is evenly distributed inside the pressure tank 1;
- the organic iodine gas enters the inside of the filter element structure through the porous mesh 32 of the filter element structure, and reacts with the silver-loaded zeolite bed 33 to remove the radioactive iodine element in the organic iodine gas;
- the filtered organic iodine gas enters the gas-collecting header 4, enters the exhaust pipe along the straight passage of the gas-collecting header 4, and is then discharged.
- the nuclear power plant containment filtration and discharge system in this embodiment processes the radioactive organic iodine gas discharged from the containment through a silver-loaded zeolite filter, effectively removing the radioactive organic iodine in the exhaust gas and reducing environmental pollution.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Structure Of Emergency Protection For Nuclear Reactors (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (16)
- 一种载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,包括承压罐体(1)、载银沸石过滤单元(3)、集气联箱(4),所述承压罐体(1)顶部开设有入口,所述承压罐体(1)的底部开设有出口,待过滤气体从所述入口进入所述承压罐体(1)内,所述载银沸石过滤单元(3)设置在所述承压罐体(1)内,用于去除待过滤气体中的有机碘,所述集气联箱(4)设置在所述载银沸石过滤单元(3)的下方,并且与所述载银沸石过滤单元(3)的底端相连通,用于收集过滤后的气体,所述承压罐体(1)的出口与所述集气联箱(4)的底端连通。
- 根据权利要求1所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,还包括进气管(6)和出气管(5),所述进气管(6)设于承压罐体(1)的入口中,用于向承压罐体(1)内输送待过滤气体,所述出气管(5)设于承压罐体(1)的出口中,并与集气联箱(4)连通,用于将集气联箱(4)内的已过滤气体排出承压罐体(1)。
- 根据权利要求2所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,还包括横梁(12),所述横梁(12)设于所述承压罐体(1)内,并且位于所 述载银沸石过滤单元(3)的上方,其两端分别固定在所述承压罐体(1)的侧壁上,用于压紧所述载银沸石过滤单元(3),所述出气管(5)与所述集气联箱(4)的底部连接,出气管(5)还用于支撑集气联箱(4)以及载银沸石过滤单元(3),以使得所述载银沸石过滤单元(3)在横梁(12)、集气联箱(4)以及出气管(5)的夹紧下固定。
- 根据权利要求3所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述横梁(12)与所述承压罐体(1)顶部的距离与承压罐体(1)的高度比值范围为0.15~0.4。
- 根据权利要求1所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,还包括节流孔板(7),所述节流孔板(7)设于所述进气管(6)的输入端,用于得到处于过热状态的干燥的待过滤气体。
- 根据权利要求1所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,还包括气流挡板组件,所述气流挡板组件包括挡板(2),所述挡板(2)设置在所述承压罐体(1)内,处于载银沸石过滤单元(3)的上方,并且正对所述进气管(6)。
- 根据权利要求6所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述挡 板(2)与承压罐体(1)顶部的距离与承压罐体(1)的高度的比值范围为0.05~0.3。
- 根据权利要求6所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述气流挡板组件还包括连接杆(11),所述连接杆(11)有多根,多根所述连接杆(11)平行设置,所述连接杆(11)的一端固定连接在所述承压罐体(1)的顶部,另一端与所述挡板(2)连接。
- 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述载银沸石过滤单元(3)包括多个滤芯结构,多个滤芯结构并列设置,每个所述滤芯结构包括框架(31)、多孔网(32)以及载银沸石床层(33),所述多孔网(32)嵌在所述框架(31)的底面以及至少一个侧面上,所述框架(31)的其它表面为封闭结构,所述载银沸石床层(33)铺设在所述框架(31)的内部。
- 根据权利要求9所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述滤芯结构设置为三个,分别为中间滤芯结构和两个侧滤芯结构,三个滤芯结构均为平板状,其横截面形状为方形,且中间滤芯结构的长度长于侧滤芯结构的长度。
- 根据权利要求10所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,中间滤芯结构处于承压罐体(1)的中部,两个侧滤芯结构对称分布在中间滤芯结构的两侧。
- 根据权利要求10所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,中间滤芯结构与侧滤芯结构之间设有空隙,该空隙的宽度与承压罐体(1)的直径比值范围为0.05~0.15。
- 根据权利要求9所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述载银沸石床层(33)的填充密度通过机械振动平台精准填充。
- 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述载银沸石过滤单元(3)通过底部法兰与集气联箱(4)连通,所述集气联箱(4)的顶部采用与底部法兰相适配的结构。
- 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的载银沸石过滤器,其特征在于,所述承压罐体(1)是由圆柱形筒体与上封头、下封头组成的压力容器,其中,所述进气管(6)开设在上封头上,出气管(5)开设在下封头上。
- 一种核电厂安全壳过滤排放系统,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-15任一项所述的载银沸石过滤器,所述载银沸石过滤器用于对安全壳所排放出的高温有机碘气体进行过滤。
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GB2313567.6A GB2619207A (en) | 2021-04-12 | 2021-12-31 | Silver-loaded zeolite filter, and nuclear power plant containment filtering and discharging system |
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CN202110389118.8A CN113289417A (zh) | 2021-04-12 | 2021-04-12 | 一种用于核电厂安全壳过滤排放系统的载银沸石过滤器 |
CN202110389118.8 | 2021-04-12 |
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AR (1) | AR125673A1 (zh) |
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- 2021-04-12 CN CN202110389118.8A patent/CN113289417A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-31 WO PCT/CN2021/143629 patent/WO2022217977A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2021-12-31 GB GB2313567.6A patent/GB2619207A/en active Pending
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- 2022-04-08 AR ARP220100902A patent/AR125673A1/es unknown
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EP2937867A1 (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2015-10-28 | Fnctech | Containment filtered venting system used for nuclear power plant |
US20180029007A1 (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2018-02-01 | Rasa Industries, Ltd. | Filtration material for filtered venting, and filtered venting device |
CN107240425A (zh) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-10-10 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 一体式安全壳过滤排放系统 |
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GB202313567D0 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
CN113289417A (zh) | 2021-08-24 |
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