WO2022217661A1 - 非接触式智能垃圾分类系统 - Google Patents

非接触式智能垃圾分类系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022217661A1
WO2022217661A1 PCT/CN2021/091111 CN2021091111W WO2022217661A1 WO 2022217661 A1 WO2022217661 A1 WO 2022217661A1 CN 2021091111 W CN2021091111 W CN 2021091111W WO 2022217661 A1 WO2022217661 A1 WO 2022217661A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
garbage
classification
connecting rod
sensor
steering gear
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/091111
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭洪
方二喜
李浩川
周域威
朱梓轩
徐瑞
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苏州大学
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Application filed by 苏州大学 filed Critical 苏州大学
Publication of WO2022217661A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022217661A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/0033—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor specially adapted for segregated refuse collecting, e.g. receptacles with several compartments; Combination of receptacles
    • B65F1/0053—Combination of several receptacles
    • B65F1/0066—Rigid receptacles fixed on racks or posts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F1/16—Lids or covers
    • B65F1/1623—Lids or covers with means for assisting the opening or closing thereof, e.g. springs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F1/00—Refuse receptacles; Accessories therefor
    • B65F1/14—Other constructional features; Accessories
    • B65F2001/1494—Refuse receptacles comprising means for preventing or extinguishing fire
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/16—Music playing devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/168—Sensing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65F—GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE
    • B65F2210/00—Equipment of refuse receptacles
    • B65F2210/20—Temperature sensing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/10—Waste collection, transportation, transfer or storage, e.g. segregated refuse collecting, electric or hybrid propulsion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of garbage classification, in particular to a non-contact intelligent garbage classification system.
  • the existing general waste sorting system simply places multiple waste bins, and the opening and closing doors of the waste bins need to be touched by hand, and even some waste bins are completely exposed without sealing measures. Therefore, people who deliver garbage will cross-carry pathogenic factors such as bacteria and germs due to direct contact with the garbage, or be disturbed by volatile garbage.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-contact intelligent garbage classification system, which can realize automatic classification and delivery of garbage.
  • a non-contact intelligent garbage sorting system comprising a rack, a sorting device arranged at the upper part of the rack, a garbage storage device arranged at the lower part of the rack, and an automatic control unit;
  • the sorting device includes a garbage throwing mechanism, and a garbage identifying component arranged above the garbage throwing mechanism, and the garbage throwing mechanism includes a central steering gear installed in the middle of the frame, and a power output end of the central steering gear.
  • the connected column, the throwing bucket installed on the upper part of the column, the sorting plate rotatably arranged in the throwing bucket to open or close the throwing bucket, and the Classification steering gear, the garbage identification component, the central steering gear, and the classification steering gear are respectively electrically connected to the automatic control unit;
  • the garbage storage device includes a plurality of garbage classification and collection buckets, and the throwing buckets are rotated to the top of the corresponding garbage classification and collection buckets under the driving of the central steering gear.
  • the top of the rack is provided with an automatic door, a door servo that drives the automatic door to open or close, and a human body proximity sensor, and the side of the rack is provided with an automatic door for detecting whether there is garbage entering the room.
  • the first ultrasonic sensor of the throwing bucket, the human body proximity sensor, the door opening steering gear, and the first ultrasonic sensor are signally connected to the automatic control unit.
  • the automatic door is drive-connected to the door-opening servo via a connecting portion
  • the connecting portion includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, and a third connecting rod that are connected in sequence.
  • the first connecting rod and the third connecting rod are arranged parallel to each other, the second connecting rod is connected with the first connecting rod and the third connecting rod, the first connecting rod is fixedly connected with the automatic door, and the third connecting rod is connected to the automatic door.
  • An inner gear ring is arranged on the connecting rod, and the inner gear ring meshes with the power output end of the door-opening steering gear.
  • the trash identification component is installed on the inner side of the automatic door.
  • a pressure detection mechanism is provided between the classification steering gear and the classification plate, and the pressure detection mechanism includes a pressure sensor flange arm installed at the power output end of the classification steering gear, and a pressure sensor flange arm installed at the power output end of the classification steering gear.
  • the pressure sensor on the flange arm of the pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor upper pressure plate for fixing the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor upper pressure plate and the rotating shaft of the classification plate are in interference fit.
  • the upper platen of the pressure sensor is provided with a sensor fixing groove and a D-shaped shaft hole, and the rotating shaft is in an interference fit with the D-shaped shaft hole.
  • a smoke sensor is installed on the top of the rack, a fire extinguisher and a temperature sensor are installed on the vertical column, and the smoke sensor, the fire extinguisher, and the temperature sensor are signally connected to the automatic control unit.
  • the garbage storage device includes two bins separated by a firewall, each bin is provided with two garbage sorting and collection buckets, the firewall includes a wall, and a wall is vertically arranged with the wall.
  • the top of the rack is further provided with a multimedia player connected to the automatic control unit.
  • the frame includes a support frame, a front upper fixed hoarding, a front lower fixed hoarding, a left upper fixed hoarding, a left lower movable hoarding, and a right upper fixed hoarding plate arranged on the support frame , Lower right movable hoarding, rear upper safety door, rear lower fixed hoarding, upper cover, and bottom plate;
  • the upper part of the lower left movable enclosure plate and the lower right movable enclosure plate are provided with a first limit hole, the lower part is provided with a second limit hole, and the support frame is provided with a first limit hole matching the first limit hole. a limit pin, a second limit pin matched with the second limit hole;
  • the support frame is provided with a safety door fixing frame, the four top corners of the rear upper safety door are respectively provided with third limit holes, and the safety door fixing frame is provided with a third limit hole matching the third limit hole.
  • a pressure detection mechanism is set on the sorting device to obtain the weight of the garbage in the bucket, and the automatic control unit can also accumulate statistics on the weight of various types of garbage;
  • a firewall is installed in the garbage storage device, which can block the two warehouses to avoid the spread of fire;
  • a second ultrasonic sensor is installed on the firewall, which can detect the garbage capacity in the garbage sorting and collection bin, and send a full-load signal to the automatic control unit when the garbage sorting and collection bin is full;
  • the structure of the rack is compact, which is convenient for the installation, removal and transportation of garbage sorting and collection bins, and the maintenance of sorting devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a non-contact intelligent garbage sorting system according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the dismantling schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper cover plate in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an automatic door in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lower left movable hoarding in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a garbage throwing mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is the dismantling schematic diagram of the garbage throwing mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a flange arm of a pressure sensor in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper platen in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a garbage storage device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a firewall in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a garbage sorting and collection bucket in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Garbage throwing mechanism 2-1, throwing bucket; 2-2, sorting plate; 2-3, rotating shaft; 2-4, upper pressure plate of pressure sensor; 2-4a, sensor fixing groove; 2-4b, D Shaft hole; 2-5, pressure sensor flange arm; 2-6, pressure sensor; 2-7, column; 2-7a, mounting plate; 2-8, center steering gear; 2-9, classification steering gear; 2-10, fire extinguisher; 2-11, temperature sensor;
  • Garbage storage device 3-1, Garbage sorting and collection bin; 3-1a, Sensor window; 3-1b, Holding part; 3-2, Fire wall; 3-2a, Wall body; 3-2b, Partition; 3-2c, rib plate;
  • the first ultrasonic sensor is a first ultrasonic sensor
  • a non-contact intelligent garbage sorting system including a rack 1 , a sorting device arranged on the upper part of the rack 1 , and a garbage storage device arranged at the lower part of the rack 1 . device, and automatic control unit 4.
  • the sorting device includes a garbage throwing mechanism 2, and a garbage identifying part 8 arranged above the garbage throwing mechanism 2, and the garbage throwing mechanism 2 includes a central steering gear 2-8 installed in the middle of the frame 1, and The column 2-7 connected to the power output end of the central steering gear 2-8, the throwing bucket 2-1 installed on the upper part of the column 2-7, and the rotating set in the throwing bucket 2-1 to open or close the classification of the throwing bucket 2-1
  • the plate 2-2, and the sorting steering gear 2-9 mounted on the column 2-7 and connected to the sorting plate 2-2, the garbage identification part 8, the central steering gear 2-8, and the sorting steering gear 2-9 are respectively connected with the
  • the automatic control unit 4 is electrically connected.
  • the garbage storage device 3 includes four garbage sorting and collecting buckets 3-1, and the throwing buckets 2-1 are rotated to the top of the corresponding garbage sorting and collecting buckets 3-1 driven by the central steering gear 2-8. It should be understood that a larger number of garbage classification collection bins 3-1 can be set as required to perform sub-classification of more garbage categories.
  • the garbage identification component 8 can use a camera, and at the same time, the automatic control unit 4 is equipped with an image processing module to realize kitchen waste (peel, leftovers, vegetable leaves, etc.), hazardous waste (rechargeable batteries, medicines, lamps, etc.), recyclable waste Automatic identification of nearly 100 kinds of garbage (beverage bottles, cartons, metal, etc.) and other garbage (toilet paper, leaves, bricks, etc.) Category delivery.
  • the rack 1 includes a support frame 1-1, a front upper fixed enclosure 1-6, a front lower fixed enclosure 1-7, and an upper left fixed enclosure 1-2 arranged on the support frame 1-1 , Left lower movable enclosure 1-3, right upper fixed enclosure 1-4, right lower movable enclosure 1-5, rear upper safety door 1-8, rear lower fixed enclosure 1-12, upper cover 1-10, and
  • the bottom plate 1-11 and the support frame 1-1 are composed of two cubic outer frames. There are connecting rods in the middle of the upper and lower end faces of the lower cubic outer frame. The connecting rods on the upper end face are used to install the central steering gear 2-8.
  • An AC power supply input port 1-2b connected to the automatic control unit 4 and a main switch 1-2a are arranged on the upper left fixed enclosure plate 1-2.
  • Handles 13 are provided on the outer sides of the lower left movable enclosure panel 1-3 and the lower right movable enclosure panel 1-5, so as to facilitate their removal from the support frame 1-1.
  • the upper part of the lower left movable enclosure plate 1-3 and the lower right movable enclosure plate 1-5 are provided with a first limit hole 1-3a, the lower part is provided with a second limit hole 1-3b, and the support frame 1-1 is provided with a
  • the quick installation and disassembly of the lower right movable enclosure plate 1-5 and the supporting frame 1-1 can realize the insertion or removal of the garbage sorting and collection bucket 3-1.
  • the support frame 1-1 is provided with a safety door fixing frame 1-9, the four top corners of the rear upper safety door 1-8 are respectively provided with third limiting holes 1-8a, and the safety door fixing frame 1-9 is provided with a third limiting hole 1-8a.
  • the third limit pin is matched with the three limit holes 1-8a.
  • the third limit hole 1-8a is a hoist hole. Through the cooperation of the third limit pin and the third limit hole 1-8a, the rear safety door 1 is realized. -8 installation or disassembly, in order to facilitate the maintenance and other work of the classification device. Other fixed enclosures can realize the closed storage of garbage, reduce the spread of garbage odor, and optimize the environment.
  • an automatic door 5, a steering gear 7 for driving the automatic door 5 to open or close, and a human body proximity sensor 9 are provided on the upper cover 1-10, and an upper right fixed enclosure 1-4 is provided for detection Whether there is garbage entering the first ultrasonic sensor 10 of the throwing bucket 2-1, the human body proximity sensor 9, the door opening servo 7, and the first ultrasonic sensor 10 are connected to the automatic control unit 4 by signals.
  • the human body proximity sensor 9 detects that someone is approaching, the The signal is transmitted to the automatic control unit 4, and the automatic control unit 4 sends a work instruction to the door opening steering gear 7 to open the automatic door 5.
  • the automatic control The unit 4 controls the automatic door 5 to close.
  • the automatic door 5 is connected to the door opening servo 7 through a connecting part 6, and the connecting part 6 includes a first connecting rod 6-1, a second connecting rod 6-2, and a third connecting rod 6-3 connected in sequence.
  • the connecting rod 6-1 and the third connecting rod 6-3 are arranged in parallel with each other
  • the second connecting rod 6-2 is connected to the first connecting rod 6-1
  • the third connecting rod 6-3 is fixedly connected with the automatic door 5
  • the third connecting rod 6-3 is provided with an inner gear 6-3a
  • the inner gear 6-3a meshes with the external gear of the power output end of the door opening steering gear 7, and the door opening steering gear 7.
  • Drive the third link 6-3 to rotate, thereby driving the automatic door 5 to open or close.
  • the garbage identification part 8 is installed on the inner side of the automatic door 5, and after the garbage is put into the throwing bucket 2-1 through the opening of the automatic door 5, the automatic door 5 is closed, and the garbage identification part 8 identifies the objects in the throwing bucket 2-1. garbage, and transmits the signal to the automatic control unit 4, which is processed and compared by the image processing module to classify the garbage, and then controls the central steering gear 2-8 to rotate, and rotates the throwing bucket 2-1 to the corresponding garbage classification collection bucket 3- 1 to place the garbage.
  • a pressure detection mechanism is provided between the classification steering gear 2-9 and the classification plate 2-2.
  • the pressure detection mechanism includes a pressure sensor flange arm 2-5 installed on the power output end of the classification steering gear 2-9.
  • the pressure sensor 2-6 installed on the pressure sensor flange arm 2-5, the pressure sensor upper pressure plate 2-4 that fixes the pressure sensor 2-6, the rotation of the pressure sensor upper pressure plate 2-4 and the classification plate 2-2 Shafts 2-3 are interference fit
  • pressure sensor flange arm 2-5 is connected with the flange of classification steering gear 2-9, and the output torque is to pressure sensor 2-6.
  • Pressure sensor 2-6 is a sheet-like structure.
  • the automatic control unit 4 can also perform cumulative statistics on the weight of various types of garbage.
  • the upper pressure plate 2-4 of the pressure sensor is provided with a sensor fixing groove 2-4a and a D-shaped shaft hole 2-4b.
  • the rotating shaft 2-3 is a torsion shaft with a D-shaped longitudinal section. The rotary shaft 2-3 is in an interference fit with the D-shaped shaft hole 2-4b.
  • a smoke sensor 14 is installed on the upper cover 1-10, a fire extinguisher 2-10 and a temperature sensor 2-11 are installed on the column 2-7, a smoke sensor 14, and a fire extinguisher 2 -10.
  • the temperature sensor 2-11 is connected with the signal of the automatic control unit 4, and two mounting plates 2-7a arranged in parallel are arranged on one side of the column 2-7, and the fire extinguisher 2-10 is mounted on the two mounting plates 2-7a In between, the temperature sensor 2-11 is mounted on the lower end surface of the lower mounting plate 2-7a.
  • the classification device stops the classification action, and the automatic control unit 4 sends a work instruction to the central steering gear 2-8.
  • the central steering gear 2-8 drives the temperature sensor 2-11 and the fire extinguisher 2-10 to rotate, and the temperature
  • the sensor 2-11 scans each garbage classification collection bucket 3-1, and sends the detected temperature to the automatic control unit 4 in real time.
  • the automatic control unit 4 sends out a fire extinguishing command, and the central steering gear 2-8 stops rotating.
  • the solenoid valve on the fire extinguisher 2-10 acts, and the fire extinguishing agent is sprayed periodically and cyclically, until the temperature returns to normal.
  • the garbage storage device 3 is divided into two positions by a firewall 3-2, each position is provided with two garbage sorting and collection buckets 3-1, and a handle is provided on the outer side wall of the garbage sorting and collection bin 3-1
  • the holding part 3-1b is convenient to take out the garbage sorting and collecting bin 3-1 from the rack 1.
  • the firewall 3-2 includes a wall 3-2a, a partition 3-2b arranged perpendicular to the wall 3-2a, two second ultrasonic sensors 12 arranged on both sides of the wall 3-2a in the thickness direction, and The rib 3-2c on the wall 3-2a located below the second ultrasonic sensor 12, the two warehouses are separated by the wall 3-2a, and the two garbage sorting and collection buckets 3-1 of each warehouse are separated by the partition 3-2b
  • the second ultrasonic sensor 12 is used to sense whether the corresponding garbage sorting and collecting bin 3-1 is fully loaded.
  • the side wall of the garbage sorting and collecting bin 3-1 is provided with a sensor window 3-1a through which the second ultrasonic sensor 12 passes. Window 3-1a sends ultrasonic waves.
  • the ultrasonic wave is a fixed value when it is not fully loaded, or the value flashes when garbage is thrown in instantaneously.
  • the original channel of the ultrasonic wave is blocked, and the fixed value changes, and the automatic control unit 4 obtains the full load signal.
  • the provision of the rib plate 3-2c can prevent the garbage sorting and collecting bucket 3-1 from colliding with the second ultrasonic sensor 12.
  • the upper cover plate 1-10 is also provided with a multimedia player 11 connected to the automatic control unit 4, which can realize functions such as parameter setting, information display, advertisement playing and the like.
  • the automatic control unit 4 is also equipped with a wireless signal transmission module to transmit the operation status of the garbage classification system to the remote terminal, so as to realize the remote monitoring of the garbage classification system.
  • the workflow of the present invention is:
  • the human body proximity sensor detects the human body signal. If there is no human body, it will continue to detect. If there is a human body signal, the automatic door will be opened, and the person who throws garbage or the QR code will be recorded and stored for a short time. The automatic control unit will periodically overwrite and delete it. If there is no large-scale digital fluctuation in the sensor for 5 consecutive seconds, the automatic door will be closed, and the delivery will end. At the same time as the signal of the human body approaching the sensor is detected, the multimedia player will play the delivery step once;
  • the camera detects the characteristics of the object and transmits it to the automatic control unit.
  • the automatic control unit determines the type of garbage, controls the steering gear of the center to work, rotates the bucket to the top of the corresponding garbage classification collection bucket, and puts the garbage into the corresponding garbage classification collection bucket. , if it is unidentifiable garbage, open the automatic door, and the multimedia player will play unidentifiable prompts, such as audio and video, prompting the person who put the garbage to take out the garbage and put it again;
  • the second ultrasonic sensor on the firewall checks the full load of each garbage classification collection bucket. If it is not fully loaded, the multimedia player will play the image of successful classification. And send a full-load prompt to the remote terminal through the wireless transmission module, stop the automatic door opening, and release the alarm after the environmental protection personnel dump the garbage, and recycle the program.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Refuse Collection And Transfer (AREA)

Abstract

非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，包括机架（1）、分类装置、垃圾收纳装置（3）及自动控制单元（4），分类装置包括垃圾投放机构（2）及设置在其上方的垃圾识别部件（8），垃圾投放机构包括安装在机架中部的中心舵机（2-8）、与中心舵机动力输出端连接的立柱（2-7）、安装在立柱上部的投放斗（2-1）、转动设置在投放斗内分类板（2-2）及安装在立柱上且与分类板传动连接的分类舵机（2-9），垃圾识别部件、中心舵机、分类舵机分别与自动控制单元电连接，垃圾收纳装置包括多个垃圾分类收集桶（3-1），投放斗在中心舵机带动下旋转至对应的垃圾分类收集桶上方。该非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，操作方便，可实现垃圾的自动分类投放。

Description

非接触式智能垃圾分类系统 技术领域
本发明涉及垃圾分类技术领域，特别涉及一种非接触式智能垃圾分类系统。
背景技术
现有的一般垃圾分类系统仅仅是简单的放置多个垃圾箱，垃圾箱的开关门需要用手去接触，甚至有些垃圾箱完全裸露在外没有封闭措施。因此，会造成投递垃圾的人由于直接接触垃圾们而交叉携带细菌、病菌等致病因素，或者被挥发性垃圾所袭扰。
有些创意性的垃圾分类设备虽然能够完成简单垃圾的分类工作，但是体积过于庞大，运行成本较高，制作成本也相当昂贵，设备的维修难度较高，需要专业人士的协助才能完成。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，可实现垃圾的自动分类投放。
基于上述问题，本发明提供的技术方案是：
非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，包括机架、设置在所述机架上部的分类装置、设置在所述机架下部的垃圾收纳装置、及自动控制单元；
所述分类装置包括垃圾投放机构、及设置在所述垃圾投放机构上方的垃圾识别部件，所述垃圾投放机构包括安装在所述机架中部的中心舵机、与所述中心舵机动力输出端连接的立柱、安装在所述立柱上部的投放斗、转动设置在所述投放斗内以开启或关闭所述投放斗的分类板、及安装在所述立柱上且与所述分类板传动连接的分类舵机，所述垃圾识别部件、中心舵机、分类舵机分别与所述自动控制单元电连接；
所述垃圾收纳装置包括多个垃圾分类收集桶，所述投放斗在所述中心舵机带动下旋转至所述对应的垃圾分类收集桶上方。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述机架顶部设有自动门、带动所述自动 门开启或关闭的开门舵机、人体接近传感器，所述机架侧部设有用于检测是否有垃圾进入所述投放斗的第一超声波传感器，所述人体接近传感器、开门舵机、第一超声波传感器与所述自动控制单元信号连接。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述自动门经连接部与所述开门舵机传动连接，所述连接部包括依次连接的第一连杆、第二连杆、及第三连杆，所述第一连杆、第三连杆相互平行布置，所述第二连杆连接所述第一连杆、第三连杆，所述第一连杆与所述自动门固定连接，所述第三连杆上设有内齿圈，所述内齿圈与所述开门舵机的动力输出端相啮合。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述垃圾识别部件安装在所述自动门的内侧。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述分类舵机与所述分类板之间设有压力检测机构，所述压力检测机构包括安装在所述分类舵机动力输出端的压力传感器法兰臂、安装在所述压力传感器法兰臂上的压力传感器、及固定所述压力传感器的压力传感器上压板，所述压力传感器上压板与所述分类板的转动轴过盈配合。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述压力传感器上压板上设有传感器固定凹槽和D字轴孔，所述转动轴与所述D字轴孔过盈配合。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述机架的顶部安装有烟雾传感器，所述立柱上安装有灭火器和温度传感器，所述烟雾传感器、灭火器、温度传感器与所述自动控制单元信号连接。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述垃圾收纳装置包括由防火墙分隔成的两个仓位，每个仓位设有两个垃圾分类收集桶，所述防火墙包括墙体、与所述墙体垂直设置的隔板、分别设置在所述墙体厚度方向两侧的两个第二超声波传感器、及设置在所述墙体上位于所述第二超声波传感器下方的筋板，所述第二超声波传感器用于感应对应的垃圾分类收集桶是否满载，所述垃圾分类收集桶的侧壁上设有传感器窗口。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述机架的顶部还设有连接至所述自动控制单元的多媒体播放器。
在其中的一些实施方式中，所述机架包括支撑框架、设置在所述支撑框架上的前上固定围板、前下固定围板、左上固定围板、左下活动围板、 右上固定围板、右下活动围板、后上安全门、后下固定围板、上盖板、及底板；
所述左下活动围板、右下活动围板的上部设有第一限位孔、下部设有第二限位孔，所述支撑框架上设有与所述第一限位孔匹配的第一限位销、与所述第二限位孔匹配的第二限位销；
所述支撑框架上设有安全门固定框，所述后上安全门的四个顶角上分别设有第三限位孔，所述安全门固定框上设有与所述第三限位孔匹配的第三限位销。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点是：
1、可实现垃圾的自动分类投放，减少人体与垃圾箱的接触，减少交叉感染；
2、设置自动门，当人体接近垃圾分类系统时，可自动开启自动门，以便投放垃圾，减少交叉感染，控制细菌、病毒等的接触式传播；
3、在分类装置上设置压力检测机构，获取投放斗内的垃圾重量，还可通过自动控制单元对各类垃圾重量进行累加统计；
3、设置烟雾传感器、温度传感器、和灭火器，当烟雾传感器检测到烟雾后，分类装置停止分类动作，自动控制单元向中心舵机发出工作指令，中心舵机带动温度传感器和灭火器转动，温度传感器扫描每个垃圾分类收集桶，实时向自动控制单元发送检测温度，当温度达到火灾设定值，自动控制单元发出灭火指令，中心舵机停止转动，灭火器上的电磁阀动作，定向周期性喷射灭火剂，循环检测，直至温度恢复正常；
4、在垃圾收纳装置设置防火墙，可对两个仓位进行阻隔，避免火灾蔓延；
5、在防火墙上设置第二超声波传感器，可对垃圾分类收集桶内的垃圾容量进行检测，当垃圾分类收集桶满载时向自动控制单元发送满载信号；
6、设置多媒体播放器，可实现参数设置、信息显示、广告播放等功能；
7、机架的结构紧凑，方便垃圾分类收集桶的安装清运、及分类装置的检修等。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明非接触式智能垃圾分类系统实施例的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例的拆解示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中上盖板的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中自动门的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中左下活动围板的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中垃圾投放机构的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中垃圾投放机构的拆解示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中压力传感器法兰臂的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中上压板的结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例中垃圾收纳装置的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例中防火墙的结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例中垃圾分类收集桶的结构示意图；
图13为本发明实施例的工作原理图；
其中：
1、机架；1-1、支撑框架；1-2、左上固定围板；1-2a、总开关；1-2b、交流供电输入口；1-3、左下活动围板；1-3a、第一限位孔；1-3b、第二限位孔；1-4、右上固定围板；1-5、右下活动围板；1-6、前上固定围板；1-7、前下固定围板；1-8、后上安全门；1-8a、第三限位孔；1-9、安全门固定框；1-10、上盖板；1-11、底板；1-12、后下固定围板；
2、垃圾投放机构；2-1、投放斗；2-2、分类板；2-3、转动轴；2-4、压力传感器上压板；2-4a、传感器固定凹槽；2-4b、D字轴孔；2-5、压力传感器法兰臂；2-6、压力传感器；2-7、立柱；2-7a、安装板；2-8、中心舵机；2-9、分类舵机；2-10、灭火器；2-11、温度传感器；
3、垃圾收纳装置；3-1、垃圾分类收集桶；3-1a、传感器窗口；3-1b、握持部；3-2、防火墙；3-2a、墙体；3-2b、隔板；3-2c、筋板；
4、自动控制单元；
5、自动门；
6、连接部；6-1、第一连杆；6-2、第二连杆；6-3、第三连杆；6-3a、内齿圈；
7、开门舵机；
8、垃圾识别部件；
9、人体接近传感器；
10、第一超声波传感器；
11、多媒体播放器；
12、第二超声波传感器；
13、拉手；
14、烟雾传感器。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对上述方案做进一步说明。应理解，这些实施例是用于说明本发明而不限于限制本发明的范围。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体厂家的条件做进一步调整，未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
参见图1-2，为本发明实施例的结构示意图，提供一种非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，包括机架1、设置在机架1上部的分类装置、设置在机架1下部的垃圾收纳装置、及自动控制单元4。
其中，参见图6-9，分类装置包括垃圾投放机构2、及设置在垃圾投放机构2上方的垃圾识别部件8，垃圾投放机构2包括安装在机架1中部的中心舵机2-8、与中心舵机2-8动力输出端连接的立柱2-7、安装在立柱2-7上部的投放斗2-1、转动设置在投放斗2-1内以开启或关闭投放斗2-1的分类板2-2、及安装在立柱2-7上且与分类板2-2传动连接的分类舵机2-9，垃圾识别部件8、中心舵机2-8、分类舵机2-9分别与自动控制单元4电连接。本例中，垃圾收纳装置3包括四个垃圾分类收集桶3-1，投放斗2-1在中心舵机2-8带动下旋转至对应的垃圾分类收集桶3-1上方。应该理解，可根据需要设置更多数量的垃圾分类收集桶3-1，以进行更多垃 圾类别的细分类。
垃圾识别部件8可采用摄像头，同时在自动控制单元4配备图像处理模块，实现厨余垃圾(果皮、剩菜、蔬菜叶等)、有害垃圾(充电电池、药品、灯管等)、可回收垃圾(饮料瓶、纸箱、金属等)以及其他垃圾(卫生纸、树叶、砖块等)近百种垃圾的自动识别，从而将不同类垃圾投入相应的垃圾分类收集桶3-1内，实现垃圾的自动分类投放。
结合图3-5，机架1包括支撑框架1-1、设置在支撑框架1-1上的前上固定围板1-6、前下固定围板1-7、左上固定围板1-2、左下活动围板1-3、右上固定围板1-4、右下活动围板1-5、后上安全门1-8、后下固定围板1-12、上盖板1-10、及底板1-11，支撑框架1-1由两个立方体外框组合而成，在下部立方体外框的上下端面中部分别设有连接杆，上端面的连接杆用以安装中心舵机2-8。在左上固定围板1-2上设有与自动控制单元4连接的交流供电输入口1-2b、及总开关1-2a。在左下活动围板1-3、右下活动围板1-5外侧设有拉手13，以便于将其从支撑框架1-1上拆除。
左下活动围板1-3、右下活动围板1-5的上部设有第一限位孔1-3a、下部设有第二限位孔1-3b，支撑框架1-1上设有与第一限位孔1-3a匹配的第一限位销、与第二限位孔1-3b匹配的第二限位销，第一限位孔1-3a为葫芦孔，第二限位孔1-3b为U型孔，通过第一限位孔1-3a与第一限位销、第二限位孔1-3b与第二限位销的配合，实现左下活动围板1-3、右下活动围板1-5与支撑框架1-1的快速安装、拆卸，从而可实现垃圾分类收集桶3-1的置入或取出。
支撑框架1-1上设有安全门固定框1-9，后上安全门1-8的四个顶角上分别设有第三限位孔1-8a，安全门固定框1-9上设有与第三限位孔1-8a匹配的第三限位销，第三限位孔1-8a为葫芦孔，通过第三限位销和第三限位孔1-8a的配合，实现后上安全门1-8的安装或拆卸，以便于对分类装置的检修等工作。其他固定围板可实现垃圾的封闭收纳，减少垃圾异味扩散，优化环境。
参见图3，在上盖板1-10上设有自动门5、带动自动门5开启或关闭的开门舵机7、及人体接近传感器9，在右上固定围板1-4上设有用于检测是否有垃圾进入投放斗2-1的第一超声波传感器10，人体接近传感器9、 开门舵机7、第一超声波传感器10与自动控制单元4信号连接，当人体接近传感器9检测到有人靠近，将信号传输至自动控制单元4，自动控制单元4向开门舵机7发出工作指令，以开启自动门5，当第一超声波传感器10五秒内没有检测到有垃圾投入投放斗2-1，自动控制单元4控制自动门5关闭。
具体的，自动门5经连接部6与开门舵机7传动连接，该连接部6包括依次连接的第一连杆6-1、第二连杆6-2、及第三连杆6-3，其中第一连杆6-1、第三连杆6-3相互平行布置，第二连杆6-2连接第一连杆6-1、第三连杆6-3，第一连杆6-1与自动门5固定连接，第三连杆6-3上设有内齿圈6-3a，内齿圈6-3a与开门舵机7的动力输出端的外齿轮相啮合，通过开门舵机7带动第三连杆6-3转动，从而带动自动门5开启或关闭。
本例中，垃圾识别部件8安装在自动门5的内侧，垃圾经由自动门5处的开口投放至投放斗2-1后，自动门5关闭，垃圾识别部件8识别投放斗2-1内的垃圾，并将信号传输至自动控制单元4，经由图像处理模块处理对比后对垃圾进行分类，进而控制中心舵机2-8转动，将投放斗2-1转动至对应的垃圾分类收集桶3-1的上方以投放垃圾。
为了获取垃圾重量，在分类舵机2-9和分类板2-2之间设有压力检测机构，该压力检测机构包括安装在分类舵机2-9动力输出端的压力传感器法兰臂2-5、安装在压力传感器法兰臂2-5上的压力传感器2-6、及固定压力传感器2-6的压力传感器上压板2-4，压力传感器上压板2-4与分类板2-2的转动轴2-3过盈配合，压力传感器法兰臂2-5与分类舵机2-9的法兰盘相连接，输出扭矩给压力传感器2-6，压力传感器2-6为薄片状结构，用于承受压力传感器上压板2-4的压力，以间接获取分类板2-2上物体的质量。通过压力传感器2-6间接获取投放斗2-1内的垃圾重量，还可通过自动控制单元4对各类垃圾重量进行累加统计。
具体的，在压力传感器上压板2-4上设有传感器固定凹槽2-4a和D字轴孔2-4b，相应的，转动轴2-3为纵向截面呈D字型的扭力轴，该转动轴2-3与D字轴孔2-4b过盈配合。
为了提高安全性能，避免垃圾分类系统发生火灾，在上盖板1-10上设有烟雾传感器14，立柱2-7上安装有灭火器2-10和温度传感器2-11， 烟雾传感器14、灭火器2-10、温度传感器2-11与自动控制单元4信号连接，在立柱2-7的一侧设有平行布置的两个安装板2-7a，灭火器2-10安装在两个安装板2-7a之间，温度传感器2-11安装在位于下方的安装板2-7a的下端面上。当烟雾传感器14检测到烟雾后，分类装置停止分类动作，自动控制单元4向中心舵机2-8发出工作指令，中心舵机2-8带动温度传感器2-11和灭火器2-10转动，温度传感器2-11扫描每个垃圾分类收集桶3-1，实时向自动控制单元4发送检测温度，当温度达到火灾设定值，自动控制单元4发出灭火指令，中心舵机2-8停止转动，灭火器2-10上的电磁阀动作，定向周期性喷射灭火剂，循环检测，直至温度恢复正常。
参见图10-12，垃圾收纳装置3经由防火墙3-2分隔成的两个仓位，每个仓位设有两个垃圾分类收集桶3-1，垃圾分类收集桶3-1外侧壁上设有握持部3-1b，以便于将垃圾分类收集桶3-1从机架1内取出。防火墙3-2包括墙体3-2a、与墙体3-2a垂直设置的隔板3-2b、分别设置在墙体3-2a厚度方向两侧的两个第二超声波传感器12、及设置在墙体3-2a上位于第二超声波传感器12下方的筋板3-2c，两个仓位经由墙体3-2a分隔，每个仓位的两个垃圾分类收集桶3-1经由隔板3-2b分隔，该第二超声波传感器12用于感应对应的垃圾分类收集桶3-1是否满载，垃圾分类收集桶3-1的侧壁上设有传感器窗口3-1a，第二超声波传感器12经由该传感器窗口3-1a发送超声波，未满载时超声波为一固定数值、或垃圾瞬间投入造成闪动数值，满载时垃圾挡住了超声波原有通道，固定数值发生变化，自动控制单元4由此获得满载信号。设置筋板3-2c可避免垃圾分类收集桶3-1碰撞第二超声波传感器12。
在上盖板1-10上还设有连接至自动控制单元4的多媒体播放器11，可实现参数设置、信息显示、广告播放等功能。
本例中，自动控制单元4还配备有无线信号传输模块，以将垃圾分类系统的运行状态传输至远程终端，实现垃圾分类系统的远程监控。
参见图13，本发明的工作流程为：
(1)开启总开关，系统上电进入自检程序模块初始化，烟雾传感器检测，若出现烟雾，则执行灭火程序，向远程终端发出火警提示，确认火情解除后清洁人员清理垃圾，程序重新进入烟雾传感器检测环节顺序执行 程序。若未出现烟雾，则执行人体信号检测；
(2)人体接近传感器检测人体信号，若没有人体出现继续检测，若出现人体信号，自动门打开，对投放垃圾的人或二维码短时录像存储，自动控制单元定期覆盖删除，第一超声波传感器连续5秒没有大范围数字波动，则关闭自动门，投放结束，检测人体接近传感器信号的同时，多媒体播放器播放一次投放步骤；
(3)摄像头检测物体特征并传输至自动控制单元，自动控制单元判别垃圾种类，控制中心舵机工作，将投放斗转动至对应的垃圾分类收集桶上方，将垃圾投入对应的垃圾分类收集桶内，若为不可识别垃圾，则打开自动门，多媒体播放器播放不可识别提示，例如声音影像，提示投放垃圾的人取出垃圾，重新投放；
(4)防火墙上的第二超声波传感器对每个垃圾分类收集桶进行满载检测，若没有满载，多媒体播放器播放分类成功影像，若垃圾分类收集桶满载，多媒体播放器播放分类成功影像提示满载，并经由无线传输模块向远程终端发出满载提示，停止自动门开启，待环保人员倾倒垃圾后解除报警，重新循环程序。
上述实例只为说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的在于让熟悉此项技术的人是能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所做的等效变换或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：包括机架、设置在所述机架上部的分类装置、设置在所述机架下部的垃圾收纳装置、及自动控制单元；
    所述分类装置包括垃圾投放机构、及设置在所述垃圾投放机构上方的垃圾识别部件，所述垃圾投放机构包括安装在所述机架中部的中心舵机、与所述中心舵机动力输出端连接的立柱、安装在所述立柱上部的投放斗、转动设置在所述投放斗内以开启或关闭所述投放斗的分类板、及安装在所述立柱上且与所述分类板传动连接的分类舵机，所述垃圾识别部件、中心舵机、分类舵机分别与所述自动控制单元电连接；
    所述垃圾收纳装置包括多个垃圾分类收集桶，所述投放斗在所述中心舵机带动下旋转至所述对应的垃圾分类收集桶上方。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述机架顶部设有自动门、带动所述自动门开启或关闭的开门舵机、及人体接近传感器，所述机架侧部设有用于检测是否有垃圾进入所述投放斗的第一超声波传感器，所述人体接近传感器、开门舵机、第一超声波传感器与所述自动控制单元信号连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述自动门经连接部与所述开门舵机传动连接，所述连接部包括依次连接的第一连杆、第二连杆、及第三连杆，所述第一连杆、第三连杆相互平行布置，所述第二连杆连接所述第一连杆、第三连杆，所述第一连杆与所述自动门固定连接，所述第三连杆上设有内齿圈，所述内齿圈与所述开门舵机的动力输出端相啮合。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述垃圾识别部件安装在所述自动门的内侧。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述分类舵机与所述分类板之间设有压力检测机构，所述压力检测机构包括安装在所述分类舵机动力输出端的压力传感器法兰臂、安装在所述压力传感器法兰臂上的压力传感器、及固定所述压力传感器的压力传感器上压板，所述压力传感器上压板与所述分类板的转动轴过盈配合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于： 所述压力传感器上压板上设有传感器固定凹槽和D字轴孔，所述转动轴与所述D字轴孔过盈配合。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述机架的顶部安装有烟雾传感器，所述立柱上安装有灭火器和温度传感器，所述烟雾传感器、灭火器、温度传感器与所述自动控制单元信号连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述垃圾收纳装置包括由防火墙分隔成的两个仓位，每个仓位设有两个垃圾分类收集桶，所述防火墙包括墙体、与所述墙体垂直设置的隔板、分别设置在所述墙体厚度方向两侧的两个第二超声波传感器、及设置在所述墙体上位于所述第二超声波传感器下方的筋板，所述第二超声波传感器用于感应对应的垃圾分类收集桶是否满载，所述垃圾分类收集桶的侧壁上设有传感器窗口。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述机架的顶部还设有连接至所述自动控制单元的多媒体播放器。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的非接触式智能垃圾分类系统，其特征在于：所述机架包括支撑框架、设置在所述支撑框架上的前上固定围板、前下固定围板、左上固定围板、左下活动围板、右上固定围板、右下活动围板、后上安全门、后下固定围板、上盖板、及底板；
    所述左下活动围板、右下活动围板的上部设有第一限位孔、下部设有第二限位孔，所述支撑框架上设有与所述第一限位孔匹配的第一限位销、与所述第二限位孔匹配的第二限位销；
    所述支撑框架上设有安全门固定框，所述后上安全门的四个顶角上分别设有第三限位孔，所述安全门固定框上设有与所述第三限位孔匹配的第三限位销。
PCT/CN2021/091111 2021-04-14 2021-04-29 非接触式智能垃圾分类系统 WO2022217661A1 (zh)

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