WO2022215235A1 - リチウムイオン二次電池及び分離膜 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン二次電池及び分離膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022215235A1 WO2022215235A1 PCT/JP2021/014933 JP2021014933W WO2022215235A1 WO 2022215235 A1 WO2022215235 A1 WO 2022215235A1 JP 2021014933 W JP2021014933 W JP 2021014933W WO 2022215235 A1 WO2022215235 A1 WO 2022215235A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- separation membrane
- solvent
- negative electrode
- mixture layer
- positive electrode
- Prior art date
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- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/42—Acrylic resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0568—Liquid materials characterised by the solutes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0569—Liquid materials characterised by the solvents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
- H01M50/411—Organic material
- H01M50/414—Synthetic resins, e.g. thermoplastics or thermosetting resins
- H01M50/417—Polyolefins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
- H01M50/491—Porosity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to lithium ion secondary batteries and separation membranes.
- the present inventors considered disposing a separation membrane between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. In this separation membrane, lithium ions pass through the separation membrane, but the solvent in the electrolyte hardly passes through the separation membrane.
- the present invention relates to a separation membrane that is used in a lithium-ion secondary battery containing different solvents in the positive electrode mixture layer and the negative electrode mixture layer, and that has excellent separation ability of these solvents and has lithium ion conductivity, and the separation membrane.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a lithium ion secondary battery with
- One aspect of the present invention is a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode mixture layer, a separation membrane, and a negative electrode mixture layer in this order, wherein the positive electrode mixture layer comprises a positive electrode active material, a first lithium salt, and It contains a first solvent, the negative electrode mixture layer contains a negative electrode active material, a second lithium salt, and a second solvent different from the first solvent, and the separation membrane is represented by the following formula (1): Provided is a lithium ion secondary battery containing a polymer containing the represented monomer as a monomer unit and a third lithium salt.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 represents a divalent organic group
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- X ⁇ indicates a counter anion.
- Another aspect of the present invention provides a positive electrode mixture layer containing a positive electrode active material, a first lithium salt, and a first solvent, and a negative electrode active material, a second lithium salt, and a first solvent.
- a separation membrane to be disposed between the positive electrode mixture layer and the negative electrode mixture layer wherein the separation membrane is represented by the above formula ( Provided is a separation membrane containing a polymer containing the monomer represented by 1) as a monomer unit and a third lithium salt.
- the third lithium salt may comprise LiN( SO2CF3 ) 2 .
- the content of the third lithium salt may be 10% by mass or less based on the total weight of the separation membrane.
- R 2 may be an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 may each independently be an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- X- can be N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 - .
- a separation membrane having excellent separation ability of these solvents and having lithium ion conductivity which is used in a lithium ion secondary battery in which the positive electrode mixture layer and the negative electrode mixture layer contain different solvents, and the A lithium ion secondary battery having a separation membrane can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a lithium ion secondary battery according to one embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing an embodiment of an electrode group in the lithium ion secondary battery shown in FIG. 1
- 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a separation membrane
- a (meth)acryloyl group means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group corresponding thereto. The same applies to other similar expressions such as (meth)acrylate.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a lithium ion secondary battery according to one embodiment.
- a lithium ion secondary battery 1 according to one embodiment is a so-called laminated secondary battery that includes an electrode group 2 and a bag-shaped battery outer body 3 that houses the electrode group 2. be.
- the electrode group 2 is provided with a positive current collecting tab 4 and a negative current collecting tab 5 .
- the positive electrode current collector tab 4 and the negative electrode current collector tab 5 are provided in a battery outer body so that the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector (details will be described later) can be electrically connected to the outside of the lithium ion secondary battery 1. It protrudes from the inside of 3 to the outside.
- the lithium ion secondary battery 1 may have a shape other than the laminate type, such as a coin shape or a cylindrical shape.
- the battery outer package 3 may be a container formed of a laminated film, for example.
- the laminated film may be, for example, a laminated film in which a polymer film such as a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, a metal foil such as aluminum, copper, or stainless steel, and a sealant layer such as polypropylene are laminated in this order.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- metal foil such as aluminum, copper, or stainless steel
- sealant layer such as polypropylene
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing one embodiment of the electrode group 2 in the lithium ion secondary battery 1 shown in FIG.
- the electrode group 2 according to one embodiment includes a positive electrode 6, a separation membrane 7, and a negative electrode 8 in this order.
- the positive electrode 6 includes a positive electrode current collector 9 and a positive electrode mixture layer 10 provided on the positive electrode current collector 9 .
- a positive current collector tab 4 is provided on the positive current collector 9 .
- the negative electrode 8 includes a negative electrode current collector 11 and a negative electrode mixture layer 12 provided on the negative electrode current collector 11 .
- a negative electrode collector tab 5 is provided on the negative electrode collector 11 .
- the positive electrode current collector 9 is made of, for example, aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, nickel, calcined carbon, conductive polymer, conductive glass, or the like.
- the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 9 may be, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and may be 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode current collector 11 is made of, for example, copper, stainless steel, nickel, aluminum, titanium, calcined carbon, conductive polymer, conductive glass, aluminum-cadmium alloy, or the like.
- the thickness of the negative electrode current collector 11 may be, for example, 1 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 10 contains a positive electrode active material, a first lithium salt, and a first solvent.
- the positive electrode active material may be, for example, lithium oxide.
- the positive electrode active material may be lithium phosphate.
- lithium phosphates include lithium manganese phosphate ( LiMnPO4 ), lithium iron phosphate ( LiFePO4 ), lithium cobalt phosphate ( LiCoPO4 ) and lithium vanadium phosphate ( Li3V2 ( PO4). 3 ).
- the positive electrode active material mentioned above is used individually by 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types.
- the content of the positive electrode active material may be 70% by mass or more, 80% by mass or more, or 85% by mass or more, and may be 95% by mass or less, 92% by mass or less, or 90% by mass, based on the total amount of the positive electrode mixture layer. % or less.
- the first lithium salt is, for example, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiNO 3 , LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , CF 3 SO 2 OLi, LiN(SO 2 F) 2 (LiFSI , lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide), LiN( SO2CF3 ) 2 (LiTFSI, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide) , and LiN ( SO2CF2CF3 ) 2 .
- LiPF 6 LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiNO 3 , LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , CF 3 SO 2 OLi
- LiN(SO 2 F) 2 LiFSI , lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide
- LiN( SO2CF3 ) 2 LiTFSI, lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imi
- the content of the first lithium salt may be 0.5 mol/L or more, 0.7 mol/L or more, or 0.8 mol/L or more, and is 1.5 mol/L. 1.3 mol/L or less, or 1.2 mol/L or less.
- the first solvent is a solvent for dissolving the first lithium salt.
- the first solvent include cyclic carbonates such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, vinylene carbonate, vinylethylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate and difluoroethylene carbonate; chain carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and ethylmethyl carbonate; Cyclic esters such as butyrolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -valerolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone, ⁇ -hexanolactone, tetrahydrofuran, 1,3-dioxane, dimethoxyethane, diethoxyethane, methoxyethoxyethane, glyme, diglyme, triglyme Ethers such as tetraglyme, phosphate esters such as phosphoric acid triester, nitriles such as acetonitrile, benzonitrile, adiponitrile, glut
- the first solvent is preferably a solvent having oxidation resistance.
- solvents having oxidation resistance include acetonitrile and ethylene carbonate.
- the content of the first solvent contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 10 can be appropriately set within a range in which the first lithium salt can be dissolved. and may be 80% by mass or less.
- the positive electrode mixture layer 10 may further contain a binder and a conductive material as other components.
- the binder is a polymer containing, as a monomer unit, at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of ethylene tetrafluoride, vinylidene fluoride, hexafluoropropylene, acrylic acid, maleic acid, ethyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate, and acrylonitrile, styrene - Rubber such as butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, acrylic rubber, and the like.
- the binder is preferably polyvinylidene fluoride or a copolymer containing hexafluoropropylene and vinylidene fluoride as monomer units.
- the content of the binder may be 0.3% by mass or more, 0.5% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, or 1.5% by mass or more, and 10% by mass or less based on the total amount of the positive electrode mixture layer. , 8% by weight or less, 6% by weight or less, or 4% by weight or less.
- the conductive material may be a carbon material such as carbon black, acetylene black, graphite, carbon fiber, or carbon nanotube. These conductive materials are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the conductive material may be 0.1% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, or 3% by mass or more based on the total amount of the positive electrode mixture layer. From the viewpoint of suppressing the increase in the volume of the positive electrode 6 and the accompanying decrease in the energy density of the lithium ion secondary battery 1, the content of the conductive material is preferably 15% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the positive electrode mixture layer, and more. It is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 8% by mass or less.
- the thickness of the positive electrode mixture layer 10 may be 5 ⁇ m or more, 10 ⁇ m or more, 15 ⁇ m or more, or 20 ⁇ m or more, and may be 100 ⁇ m or less, 80 ⁇ m or less, or 70 ⁇ m or less.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 12 contains a negative electrode active material, a second lithium salt, and a second solvent.
- negative electrode active material those commonly used in the field of energy devices can be used.
- negative electrode active materials include metal lithium, lithium titanate (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ), lithium alloys or other metal compounds, carbon materials, metal complexes, organic polymer compounds, and the like. These negative electrode active materials are used singly or in combination of two or more.
- Carbon materials include natural graphite (flaky graphite, etc.), graphite such as artificial graphite, amorphous carbon, carbon fiber, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, thermal and carbon black such as black.
- the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material containing silicon as a constituent element, a negative electrode active material containing tin as a constituent element, or the like.
- the negative electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material containing silicon as a constituent element.
- the negative electrode active material containing silicon as a constituent element may be an alloy containing silicon as a constituent element, for example, silicon and nickel, copper, iron, cobalt, manganese, zinc, indium, silver, titanium, germanium, bismuth, It may be an alloy containing at least one selected from the group consisting of antimony and chromium as constituent elements.
- the negative electrode active material containing silicon as a constituent element may be an oxide, nitride, or carbide, and examples include silicon oxides such as SiO , SiO 2 and LiSiO , It may be silicon nitride, silicon carbide such as SiC, or the like.
- the content of the negative electrode active material may be 60% by mass or more, 65% by mass or more, or 70% by mass or more, and may be 99% by mass or less, 95% by mass or less, or 90% by mass, based on the total amount of the negative electrode mixture layer. % or less.
- the type and content of the second lithium salt may be the same as those of the first lithium salt described above.
- the second lithium salt may be the same as or different from the first lithium salt.
- the second solvent is a solvent for dissolving the second lithium salt.
- the same solvent as that used as the first solvent can be used, but a solvent different from the first solvent is used.
- suitable solvents can be used for the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 8, respectively, and various performances of the lithium ion secondary battery 1, such as improved energy density and improved life, can be improved.
- the second solvent is preferably a solvent having reduction resistance.
- Solvents having reduction resistance include, for example, ⁇ -butyrolactone and tetrahydrofuran.
- the content of the second solvent contained in the negative electrode mixture layer 12 can be appropriately set within a range in which the second lithium salt can be dissolved. and may be 80% by mass or less.
- the negative electrode mixture layer 12 may further contain a binder and a conductive material as other components.
- the types and contents of the binder and the conductive material may be the same as the types and the contents of the binder and the conductive material in the positive electrode mixture layer 10 described above.
- the thickness of the negative electrode mixture layer 12 may be 10 ⁇ m or more, 15 ⁇ m or more, or 20 ⁇ m or more, and may be 100 ⁇ m or less, or 80 ⁇ m or less.
- the separation membrane 7 is a separation membrane to be arranged between the positive electrode mixture layer 10 and the negative electrode mixture layer 12 in the lithium ion secondary battery 1 .
- the separation membrane 7 separates the first solvent contained in the positive electrode mixture layer 10 and the second solvent contained in the negative electrode mixture layer 12 from each other so that the first solvent and the second solvent do not mix. have a role to play. It is possible to exchange lithium ions through the separation membrane 7 .
- the separation membrane 7 is composed of a polymer (hereinafter also referred to as “(meth)acrylate polymer”) containing a monomer represented by the following formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as “(meth)acrylate monomer”) as a monomer unit, and a second 3 lithium salt.
- Separation membrane 7 contains the above-mentioned (meth)acrylate polymer and the third lithium salt, and thus has excellent solvent separation ability and lithium ion conductivity.
- Lithium ion conductivity means the property of being able to conduct lithium ions derived from the lithium salt in the presence of the lithium salt. Whether or not lithium ions can be conducted can be confirmed by measuring the ionic conductivity of the separation membrane 7.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the separation membrane 7. As shown in FIG.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group
- R 2 represents a divalent organic group
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group.
- X ⁇ indicates a counter anion.
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 may be the same or different. From the viewpoint of better solvent separation ability, R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are preferably the same as each other.
- R 1 is preferably a methyl group.
- divalent organic groups represented by R 2 include divalent hydrocarbon groups.
- divalent hydrocarbon groups include alkylene groups. The number of carbon atoms in the divalent organic group may be 1-3 or 1-2.
- R 2 is preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms, and still more preferably an ethylene group.
- Monovalent organic groups represented by R 3 , R 4 and R 5 include, for example, monovalent hydrocarbon groups.
- monovalent hydrocarbon groups include alkyl groups. The number of carbon atoms in the monovalent organic group may be 1-3 or 1-2.
- R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are preferably each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, more preferably each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 2 carbon atoms. , and more preferably a methyl group.
- Examples of X ⁇ include PF 6 ⁇ , BF 4 ⁇ , ClO 4 ⁇ , NO 3 ⁇ , B(C 6 H 5 ) 4 ⁇ , CH 3 SO 3 ⁇ , CF 3 SO 2 O ⁇ , N(SO 2 F) 2 - , N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 - , N(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 - and the like.
- X ⁇ is preferably the same as the anion of the third lithium salt, more preferably N(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 ⁇ ([TFSI] ⁇ ).
- the (meth)acrylate polymer may contain only (meth)acrylate monomers as monomer units, or may contain (meth)acrylate monomers and other monomers copolymerizable with (meth)acrylate monomers as monomer units.
- the (meth)acrylate polymer may be a homopolymer containing only one (meth)acrylate monomer as a monomer unit, and contains one or more (meth)acrylate monomers and one or more other monomers as monomer units. It may be a copolymer, and may be a copolymer containing two or more (meth)acrylate monomers as monomer units.
- the content of (meth)acrylate monomer units may be 70% by mass or more, 80% by mass or more, 90% by mass or more, or 95% by mass or more based on the total amount of monomer units contained in the (meth)acrylate polymer.
- the weight average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylate polymer may be 1000 or more, 5000 or more or 10000 or more and may be 200000 or less, 100000 or less or 50000 or less.
- the weight average molecular weight in the present specification means a value measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following conditions and determined using polystyrene as a standard substance.
- the content of the (meth)acrylate polymer may be 80% by mass or more, 82% by mass or more, 84% by mass or more, 86% by mass or more, 87% by mass or more, or 88% by mass or more based on the total weight of the separation membrane. , 98% by mass or less, 97% by mass or less, 96% by mass or less, 95% by mass or less, 94% by mass or less, or 93% by mass or less. From the viewpoint of better solvent separation performance, the content of the (meth)acrylate polymer is preferably 84% by mass or more, 86% by mass or more, 87% by mass or more, or 88% by mass or more based on the total weight of the separation membrane.
- the third lithium salt the same one as the first lithium salt described above can be used.
- the third lithium salt may be the same as or different from the first and second lithium salts described above.
- the third lithium salt is preferably LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiNO 3 , LiB(C 6 H 5 ) 4 , LiCH 3 SO 3 , CF 3 SO 2 OLi , LiN(SO 2 F) 2 , LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) 2 , and LiN(SO 2 CF 2 CF 3 ) 2 , more preferably LiN(SO 2 CF 3 ) Includes 2 .
- the content of the third lithium salt is 2% by mass or more, 2.5% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, 3.5% by mass or more, 4% by mass or more, and 4.2% by mass, based on the total weight of the separation membrane. % or more, 4.4% by mass or more, 4.6% by mass or more, or 4.8% by mass or more, 20% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, 14% by mass or less, 13% by mass or less, 12% by mass % or less, 11.5 mass % or less, 11 mass % or less, 10.5 mass % or less, or 10 mass % or less.
- the content of the third lithium salt is preferably 3% by mass or more, 3.5% by mass or more, 4% by mass or more, and 4.2% by mass based on the total amount of the separation membrane. Above, it is 4.4 mass % or more, 4.6 mass % or more, or 4.8 mass % or more. From the viewpoint of better solvent separation performance, the content of the third lithium salt is preferably 15% by mass or less, 14% by mass or less, 13% by mass or less, 12% by mass or less, 11.5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the separation membrane. % by mass or less, 11% by mass or less, 10.5% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less.
- the thickness of the separation membrane 7 is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more, 50 ⁇ m or more, or 100 ⁇ m or more from the viewpoint of further increasing the solvent separation ability of the separation membrane 7 . From the viewpoint of increasing the energy density of the lithium ion secondary battery 1, the thickness of the separation membrane 7 is preferably 2000 ⁇ m or less, 1500 ⁇ m or less, or 1200 ⁇ m or less.
- the separation membrane 7 can be manufactured, for example, by the following method. That is, the method for producing the separation membrane 7 includes a step of mixing a monomer containing the monomer represented by the above formula (1), a third lithium salt, and a third solvent to obtain a slurry; The method can include the steps of applying the slurry to the substrate, drying the applied slurry to remove the third solvent, and irradiating light to polymerize the monomer. Such a manufacturing method includes a step of drying the applied slurry to remove the third solvent, thereby obtaining the separation membrane 7 having excellent solvent separation ability and lithium ion conductivity. In other words, it is preferable that the separation membrane 7 does not contain a solvent.
- the third solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is an organic solvent capable of dissolving the third lithium salt.
- Examples of the third solvent include methyl ethyl ketone (MEK).
- Methods for applying the slurry to the substrate include, for example, a method of setting a frame of arbitrary size on one side of the substrate and pouring the slurry into the frame, and a doctor blade method and dipping on one side of the substrate. and a method of applying a slurry by a coating method such as a method or a spray method.
- the base material include a PET sheet and the like.
- a method of drying the slurry to remove the solvent includes, for example, a method of heating the slurry.
- a photopolymerization initiator may be added to the slurry to polymerize the monomer.
- photopolymerization initiators include 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropanone and diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide.
- the content of the photopolymerization initiator is 0.01 parts by weight or more, 0.05 parts by weight or more, 0.1 parts by weight or more, or 1 part by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer. or more, and may be 15 parts by mass or less, 10 parts by mass or less, or 5 parts by mass or less.
- Examples of the method of irradiating light to polymerize the monomer include a method of irradiating light under predetermined conditions.
- the monomer may be polymerized by irradiation with light containing wavelengths within the range of 200-400 nm (ultraviolet light).
- a method for manufacturing a lithium ion secondary battery 1 includes steps of obtaining a positive electrode 6 including a positive electrode mixture layer 10 containing a positive electrode active material, a first lithium salt, and a first solvent; obtaining a negative electrode 8 comprising a negative electrode mixture layer 12 containing a substance, a second lithium salt, and a second solvent different from the first solvent; and a step of providing The order of each step is arbitrary.
- the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 8 can be obtained using a known method.
- a material used for the positive electrode mixture layer 10 or the negative electrode mixture layer 12 is dispersed in an appropriate amount of dispersion medium using a kneader, a disperser, or the like to obtain a slurry of the positive electrode mixture or the negative electrode mixture.
- the positive electrode mixture or the negative electrode mixture is applied onto the positive electrode current collector 9 or the negative electrode current collector 11 by a doctor blade method, a dipping method, a spray method, or the like, and the dispersion medium is volatilized to obtain the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode. get 8.
- the dispersion medium may be water, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), or the like.
- the step of providing the separation membrane 7 between the positive electrode 6 and the negative electrode 8 may include the step of manufacturing the separation membrane 7 described above.
- the positive electrode 6, the separation membrane 7, and the negative electrode 8 are laminated by, for example, lamination to form an electrode having the positive electrode 6, the separation membrane 7, and the negative electrode 8 in this order.
- Group 2 can be obtained.
- the electrode group 2 can be accommodated in the battery outer package 3 to obtain the lithium ion secondary battery 1 .
- Example 1 3.6 g of a monomer (wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are methyl groups, R 2 is an ethylene group, and X - is [TFSI] - ), lithium salt (Li[TFSI ]) 0.19 g, a photoinitiator (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) 0.1 g, and a solvent (methyl ethyl ketone) 2.4 g are added to a brown screw tube. and mixed with a stirrer for 1 hour to obtain a slurry.
- a monomer wherein R 1 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are methyl groups, R 2 is an ethylene group, and X - is [TFSI] -
- lithium salt Li[TFSI ]
- a photoinitiator (2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- a solvent
- a silicone rubber frame (4 cm x 4 cm, thickness 1 mm) was placed on a PET sheet (8 cm x 8 cm, thickness 0.035 mm), and the slurry was added to the frame, followed by heating at 100°C for 30 minutes. The solvent was removed by drying. After that, a UV irradiation apparatus was used to irradiate UV for 3 minutes at an irradiation distance of 30 cm and an illuminance of about 335 mW/cm 2 to polymerize the monomer and prepare a separation membrane. The separation membrane was removed from the frame and subjected to the tests described below.
- Example 2 A separation membrane was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the amount of monomer was changed to 4.6 g and the amount of lithium salt was changed to 0.52 g.
- the ionic conductivity of the separation membrane was evaluated by fabricating a test cell using the separation membrane obtained in the example. First, an upper lid (CR2032 cap, manufactured by Hosen Co., Ltd.), a 1.6 mm thick leaf spring, 1.0 mm thick SUS spacers (two pieces), a separation membrane, a gasket, a lower lid (CR2032 case, Hosen Co., Ltd.) manufactured by Co., Ltd.), and crimped the upper lid and the lower lid to prepare a test cell.
- an upper lid CR2032 cap, manufactured by Hosen Co., Ltd.
- a 1.6 mm thick leaf spring 1.0 mm thick SUS spacers (two pieces)
- a separation membrane a gasket
- a lower lid CR2032 case, Hosen Co., Ltd.
- Measurement device VSP electrochemical measurement system (manufactured by BioLogic) Measurement temperature: 80°C AC amplitude: 10mV Frequency range: 10mHz to 1MHz
- SYMBOLS 1 Lithium ion secondary battery, 2... Electrode group, 3... Battery outer body, 4... Positive electrode collector tab, 5... Negative electrode collector tab, 6... Positive electrode, 7... Separation membrane, 8... Negative electrode, 9... Positive electrode collector 10. Positive electrode mixture layer, 11. Negative electrode current collector, 12. Negative electrode mixture layer.
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Abstract
Description
・測定機器:HLC-8320GPC(製品名、東ソー株式会社製)
・分析カラム:TSKgel SuperMultipore HZ-H(3本連結)(製品名、東ソー株式会社製)
・ガードカラム:TSKguardcolumn SuperMP(HZ)-H(製品名、東ソー株式会社製)
・溶離液:THF
・測定温度:25℃
モノマ(式(1)中、R1、R3、R4及びR5がメチル基、R2がエチレン基、X-が[TFSI]-であるモノマ)3.6g、リチウム塩(Li[TFSI])0.19g、光重合開始剤(2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチルプロピオフェノン、富士フイルム和光純薬株式会社製)0.1g、及び溶媒(メチルエチルケトン)2.4gを褐色のスクリュー管に添加し、撹拌子により1時間混合してスラリを得た。PET製シート(8cm×8cm、厚さ0.035mm)の上にシリコーンゴム製の枠(4cm×4cm、厚さ1mm)を設置し、枠の中にスラリを添加した後、100℃で30分間乾燥して溶媒を除去した。その後、UV照射装置を用いて照射距離30cm、照度約335mW/cm2で3分間UVを照射することにより、モノマを重合させて分離膜を作製した。分離膜を枠から外して、以下に示す試験に供した。
実施例1において、モノマの量を4.6gに変更し、リチウム塩の量を0.52gに変更したこと以外、実施例1と同様の方法により分離膜を作製した。
実施例で得られた分離膜と、セパレータ(UP3085、宇部興産株式会社製)とを重ね、これらを2枚のシリコーンゴム製シート(厚さ0.5mm)で挟んで得られた積層体を、H型セルの間に配置した。分離膜側のセルにジメチルカーボネート(DMC)を入れ、所定日数経過後のセパレータの外観を目視にて観察した。分離膜が溶媒分離能力に優れていると、DMCが分離膜を透過し難いため、セパレータにDMCが浸透し難い。一方、分離膜が溶媒分離能力に劣っていると、DMCが分離膜を透過してセパレータに浸透する。よって、セパレータの外観を観察し、セパレータへのDMCの浸透の有無を確認することにより、分離膜の溶媒(第1の溶媒及び第2の溶媒に相当する溶媒)の分離能力を評価することができる。試験開始から1日経過後であってもセパレータへのDMCの浸透がない場合に、表1において「≧1日」と示し、この場合、分離膜の溶媒分離能力が優れているといえる。表1に示すように、実施例で得られた分離膜は、1日以上経過してもセパレータへのDMCの浸透がなかった。
実施例で得られた分離膜を用いて試験用セルを作製することにより、分離膜のイオン伝導度を評価した。まず、上蓋(CR2032用キャップ、宝泉株式会社製)、1.6mm厚の板バネ、1.0mm厚のSUS製スペーサ(2枚)、分離膜、ガスケット、下蓋(CR2032用ケース、宝泉株式会社製)の順にこれらを積層し、上蓋と下蓋をかしめて試験用セルを作製した。
測定装置:VSP 電気化学測定システム(BioLogic社製)
測定温度:80℃
AC振幅:10mV
周波数範囲:10mHz~1MHz
σ=L/RA・・・(α)
σ(S/cm):イオン伝導度
L(cm):分離膜の厚さ
R(Ω):バルク抵抗
A(cm2):SUS製スペーサの断面積
Claims (12)
- 前記第3のリチウム塩が、LiN(SO2CF3)2を含む、請求項1に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記第3のリチウム塩の含有量が、分離膜全量を基準として10質量%以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記式(1)中、R2は炭素数1~3のアルキレン基であり、R3、R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立に炭素数1~3のアルキル基である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記式(1)中、X-はN(SO2CF3)2 -である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記式(1)中、R2は炭素数1~3のアルキレン基であり、R3、R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立に炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、X-はN(SO2CF3)2 -である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のリチウムイオン二次電池。
- 前記第3のリチウム塩が、LiN(SO2CF3)2を含む、請求項7に記載の分離膜。
- 前記第3のリチウム塩の含有量が、分離膜全量を基準として10質量%以下である、請求項7又は8に記載の分離膜。
- 前記式(1)中、R2は炭素数1~3のアルキレン基であり、R3、R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立に炭素数1~3のアルキル基である、請求項7~9のいずれか一項に記載の分離膜。
- 前記式(1)中、X-はN(SO2CF3)2 -である、請求項7~10のいずれか一項に記載の分離膜。
- 前記式(1)中、R2は炭素数1~3のアルキレン基であり、R3、R4及びR5はそれぞれ独立に炭素数1~3のアルキル基であり、X-はN(SO2CF3)2 -である、請求項7~11のいずれか一項に記載の分離膜。
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EP21936039.3A EP4293787A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Lithium ion secondary battery and separation membrane |
CN202180094742.3A CN117044007A (zh) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | 锂离子二次电池和隔膜 |
KR1020237025433A KR20230125034A (ko) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | 리튬 이온 2차 전지 및 분리막 |
JP2023512612A JPWO2022215235A1 (ja) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | |
PCT/JP2021/014933 WO2022215235A1 (ja) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | リチウムイオン二次電池及び分離膜 |
US18/279,041 US20240162563A1 (en) | 2021-04-08 | 2021-04-08 | Lithium ion secondary battery and separation membrane |
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Citations (6)
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JP2001110447A (ja) | 1999-10-05 | 2001-04-20 | Sharp Corp | リチウム二次電池 |
JP2002319434A (ja) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Sharp Corp | リチウムポリマー二次電池 |
JP2005322597A (ja) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Sony Corp | 電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2012522333A (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-09-20 | ゼットパワー, エルエルシー | 電極用のセパレーター |
JP2014035832A (ja) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-24 | Kyoritsu Kagaku Sangyo Kk | 電池電極又はセパレーター保護多孔質膜組成物、これを用いて得られる保護多孔質膜を有する電池電極又はセパレーター、及びこの電池電極又はセパレーターを有する電池 |
JP2017059350A (ja) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-23 | 東レバッテリーセパレータフィルム株式会社 | セラミックスラリー及びそれを用いた電池用セパレータ |
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- 2021-04-08 CN CN202180094742.3A patent/CN117044007A/zh active Pending
- 2021-04-08 WO PCT/JP2021/014933 patent/WO2022215235A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-04-08 JP JP2023512612A patent/JPWO2022215235A1/ja active Pending
- 2021-04-08 US US18/279,041 patent/US20240162563A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-08 KR KR1020237025433A patent/KR20230125034A/ko unknown
- 2021-04-08 EP EP21936039.3A patent/EP4293787A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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JP2001110447A (ja) | 1999-10-05 | 2001-04-20 | Sharp Corp | リチウム二次電池 |
JP2002319434A (ja) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Sharp Corp | リチウムポリマー二次電池 |
JP2005322597A (ja) * | 2004-05-11 | 2005-11-17 | Sony Corp | 電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2012522333A (ja) * | 2009-03-27 | 2012-09-20 | ゼットパワー, エルエルシー | 電極用のセパレーター |
JP2014035832A (ja) * | 2012-08-07 | 2014-02-24 | Kyoritsu Kagaku Sangyo Kk | 電池電極又はセパレーター保護多孔質膜組成物、これを用いて得られる保護多孔質膜を有する電池電極又はセパレーター、及びこの電池電極又はセパレーターを有する電池 |
JP2017059350A (ja) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-03-23 | 東レバッテリーセパレータフィルム株式会社 | セラミックスラリー及びそれを用いた電池用セパレータ |
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US20240162563A1 (en) | 2024-05-16 |
CN117044007A (zh) | 2023-11-10 |
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