WO2022210130A1 - Condensateur à film, condensateur de couplage, onduleur et véhicule électrique - Google Patents

Condensateur à film, condensateur de couplage, onduleur et véhicule électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022210130A1
WO2022210130A1 PCT/JP2022/013293 JP2022013293W WO2022210130A1 WO 2022210130 A1 WO2022210130 A1 WO 2022210130A1 JP 2022013293 W JP2022013293 W JP 2022013293W WO 2022210130 A1 WO2022210130 A1 WO 2022210130A1
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Prior art keywords
metal layer
film
electrode
strip
capacitor
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PCT/JP2022/013293
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
耕世 神垣
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京セラ株式会社
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Priority to JP2023511037A priority Critical patent/JPWO2022210130A1/ja
Publication of WO2022210130A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022210130A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/32—Wound capacitors

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to film capacitors, coupled capacitors, inverters, and electric vehicles.
  • Patent Document 1 An example of conventional technology is described in Patent Document 1.
  • a first metal layer is provided on one surface, and second metal layers orthogonal to the first direction are provided on a first edge and a second edge in a first direction of the one surface.
  • a first dielectric film provided with a first common metal layer and a second common metal layer which are continuous in a direction, and a second metal layer provided on one surface and a first edge in the first direction on the one surface. and a second dielectric film provided with an edge insulating region continuous in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction at the second edge and the edge insulating region at the position in plan view of the edge insulating region.
  • the first metal layer is electrically connected to the It includes a first metal electrode and a second metal electrode that are connected.
  • the first metal layer electrically connected to the first metal electrode and the second metal electrode extends in the first direction to electrically connect the first common metal layer and the second common metal layer, respectively.
  • first strip-shaped metal layers and second strip-shaped metal layers that are symmetrically connected, wherein the second metal layers extend in the first direction to extend the first common metal layer and the second common metal layer; and a first electrode film and a second electrode film that are not electrically connected to each other, the first strip-shaped metal layer and the first electrode film are overlapped with each other when viewed through a plane, and the second strip-shaped metal layer and the second electrode film are overlapped with each other. It is arranged so that the two electrode films overlap, The second strip-shaped metal layer is thicker than the first strip-shaped metal layer, and the first electrode film is thinner than the second electrode film.
  • a coupled capacitor of the present disclosure is a coupled capacitor including a plurality of film capacitors and a bus bar connecting the plurality of film capacitors, wherein the film capacitor is any one of the film capacitors described above. is.
  • An inverter of the present disclosure is an inverter including a bridge circuit configured by switching elements and a capacitor connected to the bridge circuit, wherein the capacitor is any one of the film capacitors described above. .
  • An electric vehicle of the present disclosure includes a power supply, the inverter connected to the power supply, a motor connected to the inverter, and wheels driven by the motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a film capacitor according to a first embodiment, and is a plan view of a dielectric film
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a film capacitor according to a first embodiment, and is a plan view of a dielectric film
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the structure of a film capacitor according to a first embodiment, and is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminated state of dielectric films.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a laminated structure of dielectric films and electrode films
  • FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a film capacitor according to a second embodiment, and is a plan view of a dielectric film;
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a film capacitor according to a second embodiment, and is a plan view of a dielectric film; It is a figure which shows the structure of the film capacitor of 2nd Embodiment, and is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the laminated state of a dielectric film.
  • 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a laminated structure of dielectric films and electrode films;
  • FIG. It is the perspective view which notched one part which shows the modification of a film capacitor.
  • 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a coupled capacitor;
  • FIG. 3 is an electric circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of an inverter; 1 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the configuration of an electric vehicle;
  • a film capacitor having a configuration that forms the basis of the film capacitor of the present disclosure is roughly classified into one that uses a metal foil as an electrode and one that uses a vapor-deposited metal provided on a dielectric film as an electrode.
  • metallized film capacitors which use vapor-deposited metal as electrodes (hereinafter referred to as vapor-deposited electrodes) have a smaller electrode volume than metal foil capacitors, and can be made smaller and lighter. High reliability against dielectric breakdown due to its performance (when a short circuit occurs at an insulation defect, the energy of the short circuit evaporates and scatters the vapor-deposited electrode around the insulation defect, insulating it and restoring the function of the capacitor). Therefore, it has been widely used in the past.
  • the life under high temperature and high humidity conditions can be extended.
  • the self-recovery function of the battery may be degraded and a short failure may occur.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide a film capacitor capable of suppressing a decrease in life due to anodization of the electrode film and having stable self-recovery performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a film capacitor 11 according to the first embodiment.
  • 1A and 1B are plan views of dielectric films 1 and 2
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminated state of dielectric films 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a laminated structure of dielectric films 1 and 2 and metal layers 3A, 3B and 8.
  • a first metallikon 5A and a second metallikon 5B are formed on both end surfaces of a film laminate 4.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a film capacitor 11 according to the first embodiment.
  • 1A and 1B are plan views of dielectric films 1 and 2
  • FIG. 1C is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a laminated state of dielectric films 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view showing a laminated structure of dielectric films 1 and 2 and metal layers 3A, 3B and 8.
  • the film laminate 4 includes a dielectric film (first dielectric film) 1 having first metal layers 3A and 3B on one surface of a base film as shown in FIG. 1A, and a base film as shown in FIG. A dielectric film (second dielectric film) 2 having a second metal layer 8 is alternately laminated on one surface.
  • the metallized film has dielectric films 1, 2 and first metal layers 3A, 3B and a second metal layer 8 formed on the upper surfaces of the dielectric films 1, 2 so as to leave an insulating margin.
  • Each insulation margin S extends in the length direction of each dielectric film 1,2 in the width direction of each dielectric film 1,2.
  • the film width direction of the dielectric films 1 and 2 (hereinafter simply referred to as the width direction) is the facing direction of the first metallikon 5A and the second metallikon 5B.
  • the dielectric films 1 and 2 the first metal layers 3A and 3B, and the second metal layer 8 that constitute the metallized film will be described in detail.
  • the dielectric films 1 and 2 are films connected to the first metallikon 5A and the second metallikon 5B, and are made of polypropylene, for example.
  • the thickness of the dielectric films 1 and 2 is, for example, 2.8 ⁇ m. Note that the material and thickness of the dielectric films 1 and 2 are not limited to these.
  • Aluminum for example, is used for the first metal layers 3A, 3B and the second metal layer 8.
  • the first metal layer 3A of the dielectric film 1 includes a first common metal layer 3Ac and a first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa connected to the first common metal layer 3Ac.
  • the first metal layer 3B includes a second common metal layer 3Bc and a second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba connected to the second common metal layer 3Bc.
  • the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa and the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba extend in the first direction.
  • the first common metal layer 3Ac and the second common metal layer 3Bc are provided extending in the second direction at the first edge and the second edge in the first direction of the dielectric film 1, respectively. .
  • the first common metal layer 3Ac is electrically connected to the first metallikon 5A
  • the second common metal layer 3Bc is electrically connected to the second metallikon 5B.
  • the film surface is exposed between the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa on the side of the first metallikon 5A and the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba on the side of the second metallikon 5B, and is electrically insulated. state.
  • This exposed film surface serves as a central insulating region Tc continuous along the second direction in the central portion of the dielectric film 1 in the first direction.
  • the second metal layer 8 of the dielectric film 2 is one planar metal layer of a so-called solid pattern. A first edge and a second edge in the first direction of the dielectric film 2 are provided with an edge insulation region T continuous in the second direction. Layer 8 is in a state of being electrically insulated from first metallikon 5A and second metallikon 5B.
  • the second metal layer 8 has a first electrode film 15 and a second electrode film 16 , and a connection layer 71 between the first electrode film 15 and the second electrode film 16 .
  • the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa and the second electrode film 16 are overlapped, and the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba and the first electrode film 15 are arranged so as to be overlapped.
  • the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba is thicker than the first electrode film 15.
  • the first electrode film 15 is thinner than the second electrode film 16 .
  • the first strip-shaped metal layer 3 ⁇ /b>Aa is thinner than the second strip-shaped metal layer 3 ⁇ /b>Ba and thinner than the second electrode film 16 .
  • the film laminate 4 is laminated such that the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa of the first metal layer 3A and the second electrode film 16 of the second metal layer 8 overlap in plan view, and the second electrode film 16 of the first metal layer 3B is laminated.
  • the two strip-shaped metal layers 3Ba and the first electrode film 15 of the second metal layer 8 are laminated so as to overlap each other.
  • the film capacitor 11 is a multilayer capacitor composed of the first common metal layer 3Ac, the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa on the first metallikon 5A side, and the second electrode film 16, and the second common metal layer 3Bc on the second metallikon 5B side.
  • the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba and the multilayer capacitor formed of the first electrode film 15 are connected in series by the second metal layer 8. As shown in FIG.
  • the film capacitor 11 of this embodiment can achieve a high withstand voltage by using a series capacitor.
  • the plurality of first strip-shaped metal layers 3Aa, the second strip-shaped metal layers 3Ba, and the second metal layer 8 overlap in plan view
  • the second metal layer 8 is the first common metal layer. It does not overlap with 3Ac and the second common metal layer 3Bc.
  • the second metal layer 8 may include a plurality of planar metal layers as long as each planar metal layer overlaps the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa and the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba in plan view. .
  • the electrode film at the fracture site can be scattered by a transient large current when the fracture occurs. This provides self-healing properties.
  • FIG. 3A and 3B are plan views of the dielectric films 1 and 2
  • FIG. 3C is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the laminated state of the dielectric films 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view showing a laminate structure of dielectric films 1 and 2 and metal layers 3A, 3B and 8. As shown in FIG. Descriptions of portions that overlap with the description of the first embodiment are omitted, and the same reference numerals are used.
  • the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa which is thinner than the second strip-shaped metal layer 3Ba, is divided into two or more and connected by a fuse 67, and the first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa thinner than the second electrode film 16 is connected.
  • the electrode film 15 is connected by a fuse 68 while being divided into two or more.
  • the fuse 67 is provided in the thin first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa of the facing first strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa and the second electrode film 16, and the fuse 68 is provided in the opposing second strip-shaped metal layer 3Aa. It is provided on the thin first electrode film 15 of the strip-like metal layer 3Ba and the first electrode film 15. As shown in FIG. As a result, even if the self-healing property of the metal film is insufficient, the fuse can be blown to separate the broken portion.
  • each small cell The area obtained by multiplying the sum of the areas of 3Aa1 and 3Aa2 by the number of the first strip-shaped metal layers 3Aa formed on each dielectric film 1, and the area of the small cells 151 and 152 formed on each dielectric film 2 equal to the sum of
  • the film capacitor 61 of this embodiment is a series capacitor like the film capacitor 11 described above. By setting the area of each small cell as described above, the capacity of the two capacitors connected in series becomes equal. In series capacitors, the voltage across the capacitors connected in series depends on the capacitance ratio of each cell. When two capacitors connected in series have the same capacitance as in this embodiment, when a voltage V is applied, the voltage applied to each capacitor is equal (1/2)V. If the two capacitors connected in series have different capacities, the load on one of the capacitors increases, shortening the life of the capacitor. If one of the series capacitors breaks down, the load on the remaining capacitors increases, and the breakdown progresses in an avalanche fashion, resulting in short-lived capacitors.
  • the film capacitor 61 of this embodiment can equalize the load applied to the two capacitors that make up the series capacitor, and realize a long-life, highly reliable, and high withstand voltage capacitor.
  • FIG. 5 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a modification of the film capacitor.
  • the film capacitor A is obtained by covering a film capacitor 11 with an exterior member 7 in terms of insulation and environmental resistance. Lead wires 6 for external connection are provided to the first metallikon 5A and the second metallikon 5B.
  • FIG. 5 shows a state in which a part of the exterior member 7 is removed, and the removed portion of the exterior member 7 is indicated by a broken line.
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a coupled capacitor.
  • the coupled capacitor B has a configuration in which a plurality of film capacitors A are connected in parallel by a pair of bus bars 21 and 23 .
  • the busbars 21 and 23 are composed of terminal portions 21a and 23a and lead terminal portions 21b and 23b.
  • the terminal portions 21a and 23a are for external connection, and the lead terminal portions 21b and 23b are connected to the first metallikon 5A and the second metallikon 5B, which are the external electrodes of the film capacitor A, respectively.
  • FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram for explaining the configuration of the inverter.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of an inverter C that generates alternating current from rectified direct current.
  • the inverter C of this embodiment includes a bridge circuit 31 and a capacitor section 33, as shown in FIG.
  • the bridge circuit 31 is composed of, for example, switching elements such as IGBTs (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors) and diodes.
  • the capacitive section 33 is arranged between the input terminals of the bridge circuit 31 and stabilizes the voltage.
  • the inverter C may include the film capacitors 11 and A or the coupled capacitor B as the capacitive section 33 .
  • the input of this inverter C may be connected to the booster circuit 35 for boosting the voltage of the DC power supply or may be connected to the DC power supply.
  • the bridge circuit 31 is connected to a motor generator (motor M) as a drive source.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic configuration diagram for explaining the configuration of the electric vehicle.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) as the electric vehicle D. As shown in FIG.
  • HEV hybrid electric vehicle
  • An electric vehicle D in FIG. 8 includes a driving motor 41, an engine 43, a transmission 45, an inverter 47, a power supply (battery) 49, front wheels 51a and rear wheels 51b.
  • This electric vehicle D has a motor 41, an engine 43, or both as a drive source.
  • the output of the drive source is transmitted via the transmission 45 to the pair of left and right front wheels 51a.
  • the power supply 49 is connected to the inverter 47 and the inverter 47 is connected to the motor 41 .
  • the electric vehicle D shown in FIG. 8 includes a vehicle ECU 53 and an engine ECU 57 .
  • the vehicle ECU 53 performs overall control of the electric vehicle D as a whole.
  • the engine ECU 57 drives the electric vehicle D by controlling the rotation speed of the engine 43 .
  • the electric vehicle D further includes driving devices such as an ignition key 55 operated by the driver or the like, an accelerator pedal (not shown), and a brake.
  • a vehicle ECU receives a driving signal according to the operation of the driving device by the driver or the like.
  • the vehicle ECU 53 outputs an instruction signal to the engine ECU 57, the power supply 49, and the inverter 47 as a load based on the drive signal.
  • the engine ECU 57 drives the electric vehicle E by controlling the rotation speed of the engine 43 in response to the instruction signal.
  • An inverter C using the film capacitors A and 10 or the coupled capacitor B of the present embodiment as the capacitance section 33 can be mounted on an electric vehicle D as shown in FIG.
  • the inverter C of this embodiment can be applied not only to the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) described above, but also to various power conversion application products such as electric vehicles (EV) or electric bicycles, generators, and solar cells.
  • EV electric vehicles
  • EB electric bicycles, generators, and solar cells.
  • a first metal layer is provided on one surface, and second metal layers orthogonal to the first direction are provided on a first edge and a second edge in a first direction of the one surface.
  • a first dielectric film provided with a first common metal layer and a second common metal layer which are continuous in a direction, and a second metal layer provided on one surface and a first edge in the first direction on the one surface. and a second dielectric film provided with an edge insulating region continuous in the second direction orthogonal to the first direction at the second edge and the edge insulating region at the position in plan view of the edge insulating region.
  • the first metal layer is formed on each of a rectangular parallelepiped film laminate in which a plurality of sheets are laminated so that every other sheet overlaps, and a pair of end surfaces of the film laminate in the first direction, and the first metal layer is electrically connected to the It includes a first metal electrode and a second metal electrode that are connected.
  • the first metal layer electrically connected to the first metal electrode and the second metal electrode extends in the first direction to electrically connect the first common metal layer and the second common metal layer, respectively. It has a plurality of first strip-shaped metal layers and second strip-shaped metal layers that are statically connected.
  • the second metal layer has a first electrode film and a second electrode film that extend in the first direction and are not electrically connected to the first common metal layer and the second common metal layer.
  • the first strip-shaped metal layer and the first electrode film are arranged to overlap, and the second strip-shaped metal layer and the second electrode film are arranged to overlap.
  • the second strip-shaped metal layer is thicker than the first strip-shaped metal layer, and the first electrode film is thinner than the second electrode film.
  • a coupled capacitor of the present disclosure is a coupled capacitor including a plurality of film capacitors and a bus bar connecting the plurality of film capacitors, wherein the film capacitor is any one of the film capacitors described above. is.
  • An inverter of the present disclosure is an inverter including a bridge circuit configured by switching elements and a capacitor connected to the bridge circuit, wherein the capacitor is any one of the film capacitors described above. .
  • An electric vehicle of the present disclosure includes a power supply, the inverter connected to the power supply, a motor connected to the inverter, and wheels driven by the motor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention est telle que : une première couche métallique électriquement connectée à une première électrode métallique et à une seconde électrode métallique s'étend dans une première direction et présente une pluralité de premières couches métalliques de type bande et de secondes couches métalliques de type bande connectées électriquement à une première couche métallique commune et à une seconde couche métallique commune ; une seconde couche métallique s'étend dans la première direction et présente un premier film d'électrode et un second film d'électrode qui ne sont pas électriquement connectés aux couches métalliques communes ; les secondes couches métalliques de type bande sont plus épaisses que les premières couches métalliques de type bande ; le premier film d'électrode est plus mince que le second film d'électrode ; et dans une perspective plane, les premières couches métalliques de type bande et le second film d'électrode sont disposés de manière à se chevaucher et les secondes couches métalliques de type bande et le premier film d'électrode sont disposés de manière à se chevaucher.
PCT/JP2022/013293 2021-03-30 2022-03-22 Condensateur à film, condensateur de couplage, onduleur et véhicule électrique WO2022210130A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017014312A (ja) * 2015-06-26 2017-01-19 京セラ株式会社 誘電体フィルムおよび金属化フィルムと、これを用いたフィルムコンデンサおよび連結型コンデンサ、ならびにインバータ、電動車輌
WO2018190437A1 (fr) * 2017-04-14 2018-10-18 京セラ株式会社 Condensateur à film, condensateur de type à connexion, et onduleur et véhicule électrique dans lesquels sont utilisés lesdits condensateurs
WO2019097753A1 (fr) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 株式会社村田製作所 Condensateur à film
WO2021024565A1 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 株式会社村田製作所 Condensateur à film
WO2021049380A1 (fr) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 京セラ株式会社 Élément de condensateur à film

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2017014312A (ja) * 2015-06-26 2017-01-19 京セラ株式会社 誘電体フィルムおよび金属化フィルムと、これを用いたフィルムコンデンサおよび連結型コンデンサ、ならびにインバータ、電動車輌
WO2018190437A1 (fr) * 2017-04-14 2018-10-18 京セラ株式会社 Condensateur à film, condensateur de type à connexion, et onduleur et véhicule électrique dans lesquels sont utilisés lesdits condensateurs
WO2019097753A1 (fr) * 2017-11-15 2019-05-23 株式会社村田製作所 Condensateur à film
WO2021024565A1 (fr) * 2019-08-08 2021-02-11 株式会社村田製作所 Condensateur à film
WO2021049380A1 (fr) * 2019-09-13 2021-03-18 京セラ株式会社 Élément de condensateur à film

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