WO2022209995A1 - 照射プローブシステムおよび照射プローブ - Google Patents
照射プローブシステムおよび照射プローブ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022209995A1 WO2022209995A1 PCT/JP2022/012466 JP2022012466W WO2022209995A1 WO 2022209995 A1 WO2022209995 A1 WO 2022209995A1 JP 2022012466 W JP2022012466 W JP 2022012466W WO 2022209995 A1 WO2022209995 A1 WO 2022209995A1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B6/2821—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using lateral coupling between contiguous fibres to split or combine optical signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/0008—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted at the end of the fibre
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
- A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
- A61B1/07—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements using light-conductive means, e.g. optical fibres
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
- A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
- A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0005—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type
- G02B6/001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being of the fibre type the light being emitted along at least a portion of the lateral surface of the fibre
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- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/35—Optical coupling means having switching means
- G02B6/351—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements
- G02B6/3512—Optical coupling means having switching means involving stationary waveguides with moving interposed optical elements the optical element being reflective, e.g. mirror
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an irradiation probe system and an irradiation probe.
- Patent Document 1 medical probes that irradiate laser light from the tip of the probe are known.
- the light emission position is only the tip of the probe, so the light irradiation range is limited only to the vicinity of the tip.
- a cylindrical diffuser disclosed in Patent Document 2 is known.
- a cylindrical diffuser that can irradiate uniformly and widely in the longitudinal direction is suitable for treatment of lesions occurring in tubular organs such as the esophagus and bag-like organs such as the stomach.
- multiple diffusers may be used to irradiate the affected area with light.
- the center of a tumor is irradiated with high-energy-density light from the end face of a fiber, and the periphery is irradiated with low-energy-density light over a wide area by a cylindrical diffuser.
- a plurality of doctors carry out the treatment with a plurality of diffusers, which leads to an increase in the difficulty of the surgical procedure and an increase in cost.
- the difficulty and cost of the surgical procedure can be reduced, and the burden on both the doctor and the patient can be reduced.
- one of the objects of the present invention is to obtain an improved and novel irradiation probe system and irradiation probe that enable irradiation of multiple locations with one probe, for example.
- the illumination probe system of the present invention includes, for example, an illumination probe having a core and a first clad surrounding the core, at least one light source, and light emitted from the at least one light source to the core and the first clad.
- the core has a first input end as one axial end and an output end as the other axial end
- the first clad has a second input end as one end in the axial direction, and is provided at a position distant from the second input end and receives light transmitted within the first clad and a leakage portion that leaks radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the one clad.
- the light transmitted within the core may be output from the output end.
- the irradiation probe system may include, as the at least one light source, a light source that outputs light coupled to the core and a light source that outputs light coupled to the first clad.
- the irradiation probe may have a first coating layer surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the first clad between the second input end and the leakage portion.
- the first coating layer may include a second clad having a lower refractive index than the first clad.
- the irradiation probe may have a shell surrounding the outermost side in the radial direction.
- the skin may be made of a resin material.
- the irradiation probe may have a section in which the outer peripheral surface of the first clad is exposed at a position axially deviated from the leak portion.
- the illumination probe surrounds the core or the first cladding on the side of the leak portion axially opposite to the first input end, and light from the outside surrounds the It may have a second coating layer that inhibits bonding to the core.
- the second coating layer may suppress the light transmitted through the first clad from being output in the axial direction.
- the irradiation probe surrounds the core or the first clad on the opposite side of the leak section from the first input end in the axial direction, and extends through the first clad.
- the illumination probe may have a first optical element that directs light transmitted through the core at the output end radially outward.
- the first optical element may be detachable.
- the leakage portion may include a concave portion or a convex portion provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first clad.
- the leakage portion may include particles or holes provided inside the first clad.
- the leakage portion may include a section in which the shape of the outer peripheral surface of the first clad changes along the axial direction.
- the leakage portion may include a bent portion of the first clad.
- the leaking portion may have a scattering layer provided radially outward of the first clad for propagating and scattering light from the first clad radially outward.
- the first input end and the second input end are arranged radially at one end in the axial direction, and the coupling section receives light output from one light source.
- Light coupled to the core and output from another of the light sources may be coupled to the first cladding.
- the coupling section may be optically connected to the core and the first clad.
- the coupler includes a first transmission optical fiber that transmits light output from one light source and coupled to the core, and another light source that outputs light to the first clad.
- a second transmission optical fiber for transmitting light to be combined may comprise a fiber bundle in which the second transmission optical fiber is bundled.
- the fiber bundle may be a tapered fiber bundle that becomes thinner as it approaches the illumination probe.
- the irradiation probe system includes a switching mechanism that selectively couples light output from the light source to the core or the first cladding, and a first controller that controls selective coupling by the switching mechanism. good too.
- the irradiation probe system may include an operation input unit by a user, and the first control unit may control selective coupling by the switching mechanism according to a user's operation input to the operation input unit.
- the irradiation probe system may include a plurality of light sources as the at least one light source, and a second control section for switching a light source that outputs light among the plurality of light sources.
- the plurality of light sources may include a light source that outputs light coupled to the core and a light source that outputs light coupled to the first clad.
- the plurality of light sources may include a plurality of light sources outputting light coupled to the core or a plurality of light sources outputting light coupled to the first clad.
- the irradiation probe system may include an operation input unit by a user, and the second control unit may switch the light source that outputs light among the plurality of light sources according to the user's operation input to the operation input unit.
- the illumination probe system may include a detector that detects light coupled to the output end and transmitted within the core and output from the first input end.
- the illumination probe may have a second optical element that couples light coming from outside to the output end.
- the second optical element may be detachable.
- the irradiation probe system includes a third optical element that has a reflecting portion that reflects the second light output from the other end in the axial direction of the irradiation probe and that is configured to be detachable from the irradiation probe, It may be configured such that the second light reflected by the reflecting portion is coupled to the first clad at the other end.
- the irradiation probe may have a removable or detachable outer skin.
- the irradiation probe may have a plurality of removable or detachable outer skins as the outer skin.
- the irradiation probe may have a plurality of outer skins with different positions in the axial direction as the outer skin.
- the irradiation probe may have, as the outer skin, an outer skin covering the output end portion and an outer skin covering the outer periphery of the leak portion.
- the irradiation probe may have a fixed outer skin and a outer skin detachably or detachably covering the fixed outer skin.
- the irradiation probe may have a plurality of laminated outer skins as the outer skin.
- the plurality of laminated outer skins may be configured to be removable one by one from the outside.
- the outer skin may be provided at a contact site with a living body when used on the living body.
- the skin may be made of a biocompatible resin material.
- the irradiation probe of the present invention is, for example, an irradiation probe having a core and a first clad surrounding the core, wherein the core has a first input end as one end in the axial direction and the other end in the axial direction.
- the first clad has a second input end as one end in the axial direction, and a second input end as one end in the axial direction, and a transmission and a leakage portion that leaks the light emitted from the first clad radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the first clad.
- the light transmitted within the core may be output from the output end.
- the irradiation probe may have a first coating layer surrounding the outer peripheral surface of the first clad between the second input end and the leakage portion.
- the first coating layer may include a second clad having a lower refractive index than the first clad.
- the irradiation probe may have a shell surrounding the outermost side in the radial direction.
- the skin may be made of a resin material.
- the leakage portion may include particles or holes provided inside the first clad.
- the irradiation probe may have a removable or detachable outer skin.
- FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic configuration diagram of an irradiation probe system according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an exemplary and schematic cross-sectional view (partial side view) of a coupling portion and irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an exemplary schematic cross-sectional view of a portion of an embodiment coupling and illumination probe.
- FIG. 4 is an exemplary block diagram of an embodiment illumination probe system.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the first clad of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the first clad of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the first clad of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of an example of a leaking portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of a leaking portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is an exemplary schematic cross-sectional view (partial side view) of a portion of a transmission optical fiber, a coupling portion, and a portion of an illumination probe of an embodiment;
- FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one example of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is an exemplary schematic cross-sectional view of the illumination probe of FIG. 19 with the coating removed.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one example of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- FIG. 22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an example of the tip portion of the irradiation probe of the embodiment.
- Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are disclosed below.
- the configurations of the embodiments shown below and the actions and results (effects) brought about by the configurations are examples.
- the present invention can be realized by configurations other than those disclosed in the following embodiments.
- at least one of various effects (including derivative effects) obtained by the configuration can be obtained.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an irradiation probe system 1 according to an embodiment.
- the irradiation probe system 1 includes a light output device 100, an irradiation probe 10, a control device 200, a delivery optical fiber 20, a coupling section 30, and an input section 220. .
- the light output device 100 has multiple light source units 110 .
- Each of the light source units 110 has a light source that outputs laser light and an optical system that guides the light from the light source to the delivery optical fiber 20 (both not shown).
- the light source includes, for example, a laser element that outputs laser light.
- the light output device 100 has a plurality of light source units 110 , that is, light sources, as an example in this embodiment, but is not limited to this, and may have at least one light source unit 110 .
- Each of the light source units 110 and the irradiation probe 10 are optically connected via the delivery optical fiber 20 provided corresponding to the light source unit 110 and the coupling section 30 . That is, the delivery optical fiber 20 transmits the light output from the light source unit 110 to the coupling section 30 , and the coupling section 30 couples the light transmitted by the delivery optical fiber 20 to the irradiation probe 10 .
- the irradiation probe 10 includes an optical fiber, has an elongated cylindrical and linear shape, and is flexible.
- the irradiation probe 10 also has an end portion 10a that is one end in the axial direction and an end portion 10b that is the other end in the axial direction.
- the end portion 10a is adjacent to the coupling portion 30, is an input end to which light from the coupling portion 30 is input, and can also be referred to as a proximal end.
- the end portion 10b is located on the opposite side of the end portion 10a in the axial direction and can also be referred to as a tip.
- the irradiation probe 10 has a leak section 11 and a transmission section 12 .
- the leaking portion 11 is provided over a predetermined length in the axial direction at a position away from the end portion 10a, and is a section that leaks light radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 10c of the irradiation probe 10.
- the transmitting portion 12 is located between the end portion 10a and the leaking portion 11, between the leaking portion 11 and the end portion 10b, or in the case where a plurality of leaking portions 11 are spaced apart in the axial direction. is a section in which light is transmitted between the two leaking portions 11 sandwiching the .
- the leak portion 11 is provided only in a section adjacent to the end portion 10b, but is not limited to this, and may be provided apart from the end portion 10b.
- the control device 200 can control the light source unit 110, for example, to output light or stop outputting light.
- the control device 200 can also control the operation of devices and parts other than the light source unit 110 in the irradiation probe system 1 .
- the input unit 220 constitutes a user interface operated by an operator (user), and inputs an instruction signal to the control device 200 according to the operator's operation input.
- Input unit 220 is an example of an operation input unit.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of the irradiation probe 10 and a side view of the coupling portion 30.
- the irradiation probe 10 has the transmission section 12 and the leakage section 11 .
- the transmission section 12 is configured as a double-clad fiber. That is, the transmission section 12 has a core 10d extending in the axial direction, a first clad 10e surrounding the core 10d and extending in the axial direction, and a second clad 10f surrounding the first clad and extending in the axial direction. ing.
- the refractive index of the first clad 10e is lower than that of the core 10d
- the refractive index of the second clad 10f is lower than that of the first clad 10e.
- the light input via the coupling section 30 is transmitted in each of the core 10d and the first clad 10e.
- first light the light transmitted within the core 10d
- second light the light transmitted within the first clad 10e
- the second clad 10f may be, for example, an outer skin made of a resin material such as a flexible synthetic resin material.
- the second clad 10f may be air.
- the second clad 10f does not exist between the end portion 10a and the leak portion 11, and the outer peripheral surface 10c of the first clad 10e in the transmission portion 12 is exposed at least from the second clad 10f.
- the transmission part 12 may have an outer skin surrounding the second clad 10f.
- the second clad 10f and the outer skin are examples of a first coating layer that surrounds the outer peripheral surface 10c of the first clad 10e at least between the end portion 10a and the leak portion 11. As shown in FIG.
- the first coating layer can suppress the leakage of the second light from the first clad 10e.
- the portion of the irradiation probe 10 that is inserted into the body may be entirely covered with an outer skin.
- the leak portion 11 leaks the second light transmitted within the first clad 10e radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 10c of the first clad 10e.
- the leak portion 11 does not have a second clad.
- a recess 11a is provided in the outer peripheral surface 10c of the first clad 10e.
- the second light is refracted at the concave portion 11a to change its traveling direction, that is, is scattered, and leaks radially outward from the outer peripheral surface 10c.
- a convex portion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface 10c instead of the concave portion 11a.
- the protrusion may be, for example, a portion between the recesses 11a and 11a.
- the concave portion 11a and the convex portion promote the leakage of the second light radially outward from the first clad 10e.
- the first light transmitted through the core 10d is output from the end portion 10b.
- the end 10b of the core 10d is an example of an output end.
- the first clad 10e suppresses leakage of the first light from the outer peripheral surface of the core 10d.
- the irradiation probe 10 can output the first light La (see FIG. 1) through the end portion 10b of the core 10d, and the second light Lc (see FIG. 1) radially outward through the leakage portion 11. 1) can be output. That is, according to the irradiation probe system 1 of the present embodiment, in addition to being able to irradiate the region facing the end 10b of the irradiation probe 10 with the first light, the region facing the outer peripheral surface 10c of the irradiation probe 10 The region can also be illuminated with the second light.
- the light irradiation range of the irradiation probe 10 can be further expanded as compared with the configuration in which the light irradiation range is limited to the vicinity of the ends in the axial direction.
- the irradiation probe system 1 may irradiate the first light and the second light at the same time in parallel, or may irradiate them selectively.
- the irradiation probe 10 has a coating layer 13 surrounding the core 10d between the first clad 10e of the leak portion 11 and the end portion 10b of the core 10d. is doing.
- the coating layer 13 surrounds the core 10d on the side opposite to the end portion 10a in the axial direction with respect to the leakage portion 11, and suppresses coupling of external light, for example, reflected light of the second light, to the core 10d. is doing.
- the coating layer 13 may have an absorption layer that absorbs light.
- the absorber layer can be configured as a blackened layer made of, for example, a copper oxide coating.
- the coating layer 13 can prevent the second light input to the core 10d from interfering with the first light and weakening the output of the first light. Note that the coating layer 13 may be configured to surround the outer periphery of the first clad 10e.
- the coating layer 13 is an example of a second coating layer.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of coupling portion 30 and illumination probe 10 .
- the connecting portion 30 is connected to the irradiation probe 10 by being fused or adhered. That is, the coupling section 30 is optically and mechanically connected to the irradiation probe 10 .
- another member (not shown) may be configured such that the end surface of the coupling portion 30 and the end surface of the irradiation probe are in contact with each other.
- the coupling section 30 has a fiber bundle in which a plurality of delivery optical fibers 20 are bundled.
- the fiber bundle is, for example, a tapered fiber bundle that narrows closer to illumination probe 10 .
- the ends of seven delivery optical fibers 20 of the same diameter are bundled in a close-packed manner.
- Each delivery optical fiber 20 has a core 20a, a clad 20b surrounding the core 20a, and an outer skin 20c surrounding the clad 20b.
- a portion from which the outer skin 20c is removed constitutes a coupling portion 30 having a tapered portion 31 and a straight portion 32.
- the outer diameter gradually becomes thinner as it approaches the irradiation probe 10, and the claddings 20b of the adjacent delivery optical fibers 20 are integrated.
- the connecting portion 30 may not have the straight portion 32 .
- the number of bundled optical fibers is not limited to seven, and the fiber bundle may have at least two bundled delivery optical fiber 20 ends.
- the fiber bundle may also have optical fibers other than the delivery optical fibers 20 optically connected to each delivery optical fiber 20 .
- the end face 10a1 of the core 10d of the irradiation probe 10 faces the end face of the delivery optical fiber 21 located in the center of the bundle.
- the delivery optical fiber 21 is optically connected to the light source unit 111 (110).
- the coupler 30 couples the light output from the light source unit 111 and transmitted by the delivery optical fiber 21 to the core 10d.
- the light source of the light source unit 111 outputs light coupled to the core 10d, that is, first light.
- the end surface 10a1 is a part of the end portion 10a and is an example of a first input end portion.
- the delivery optical fiber 21 is an example of a first transmission optical fiber.
- the end face 10a2 of the first clad 10e of the irradiation probe 10 faces the end face of the delivery optical fiber 22 radially outwardly displaced from the optical axis Ax.
- the delivery optical fiber 22 is optically connected to the light source unit 112 (110).
- the coupler 30 couples the light output from the light source unit 112 and transmitted by the delivery optical fiber 22 to the first clad 10e.
- the light source of the light source unit 112 outputs light coupled to the first clad 10e, ie, second light.
- the end surface 10a2 is a part of the end portion 10a, and is an example of a second input end portion that is radially aligned with the end surface 10a1 at the end portion 10a and located radially outside the end surface 10a1.
- Delivery optical fiber 22 is an example of a second transmission optical fiber.
- a plurality of delivery optical fibers 22 are optically connected to the first clad 10e. Therefore, when the plurality of light source units 112 output light in parallel, the light output from the plurality of light source units 112, that is, the second light, is coupled to the first clad 10e via the coupling section 30.
- a plurality of light source units 111 are optically connected to the core 10d via a coupling portion 30 and a plurality of delivery optical fibers 21, and the light output from the plurality of light source units 111, that is, the first Light may be coupled into core 10d.
- the end face of the delivery optical fiber 20 does not face the end face 10a3 of the second clad 10f.
- the end surface 10a3 may be provided with a shielding portion so that external light or the like is not coupled to the second clad 10f.
- the numerical aperture of the light source unit 111 is set to be substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the numerical aperture of the delivery optical fiber 21. Also, at the optical connection portion between the delivery optical fiber 21 (coupling portion 30) and the end portion 10a of the irradiation probe 10, the numerical aperture of the delivery optical fiber 21 is set to be substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the numerical aperture of the core 10d. It is Similarly, the numerical aperture of the light source unit 112 is set to be substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the numerical aperture of the delivery optical fiber 22 .
- the numerical aperture of the delivery optical fiber 22 is substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the numerical aperture of the first clad 10e. set small.
- the numerical aperture of the first clad 10e is larger than that of the core 10d. Therefore, the numerical aperture of light source unit 112 is greater than that of light source unit 111 .
- the setting of the numerical aperture of the light source unit 110 can be changed, for example, by designing the numerical aperture of the lens system of the output section (not shown).
- the control device 200 can switch between outputting and stopping the output of light from each light source unit 110 . Therefore, by controlling the operation of each light source unit 110 by the control device 200, the first light output by the light source unit 111 is output from the end portion 10b of the irradiation probe 10, and the second light output by the light source unit 112 is irradiated.
- the first light output from the light source unit 111 is output from the end portion 10b of the irradiation probe 10, and the second light output from the light source unit 112 is output from the outer peripheral surface 10c of the leaking portion 11 of the probe 10.
- a state in which light is output from the outer peripheral surface 10c of the probe 10 and a state in which the first light and the second light are not output from the irradiation probe 10 can be switched.
- control device 200 can change the intensity of the second light leaking from the outer peripheral surface 10c in the leaking portion 11 by changing the number of the light source units 112 that output the second light. Further, when the irradiation probe system 1 includes a plurality of light source units 111 that output the first light, the control device 200 changes the number of the light source units 111 that output the first light, thereby outputting from the end portion 10a. The intensity of the first light emitted can be changed.
- control device 200 can switch between the above-described operation states and strengths based on instruction signals based on the operator's operation input on the input unit 220 .
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the illumination probe system 1.
- the irradiation probe system 1 includes a control device 200, an input section 220, and an output section 230.
- the input unit 220 and the output unit 230 construct a user interface for users and operators.
- the input unit 220 is, for example, an input device such as a remote controller, an operation unit such as a switch box or joystick, a keyboard, a touch panel, a mouse, a switch, or an operation button.
- the output unit 230 is, for example, a display, a printer, a lamp, a speaker, or the like, and is an output device for images, printing, and sound.
- the control device 200 also has a controller 210 , a main storage unit 241 and an auxiliary storage device 242 .
- the controller 210 is, for example, a processor (circuit) such as a CPU (central processing unit).
- the main storage unit 241 is, for example, RAM (random access memory) or ROM (read only memory).
- the auxiliary storage device 242 is, for example, a non-volatile rewritable storage device such as an SSD (solid state drive) or HDD (hard disk drive).
- the controller 210 operates as an irradiation control unit 211, an input control unit 212, and an output control unit 213 by reading programs stored in the main storage unit 241 and the auxiliary storage device 242 and executing each process.
- the program can be provided as an installable file or an executable file recorded on a computer-readable recording medium.
- a recording medium may also be referred to as a program product.
- Values used in arithmetic processing by programs and processors, information such as maps and tables may be stored in advance in the main storage unit 241 and auxiliary storage device 242, or may be stored in the storage unit of a computer connected to a communication network. and stored in the auxiliary storage device 242 by being downloaded via the communication network.
- Auxiliary storage device 242 stores data written by the processor.
- the computational processing by controller 210 may be performed, at least in part, by hardware.
- the controller 210 may include, for example, an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit).
- the irradiation control unit 211 can individually control light output and output stop for each of the light source units 110 included in the light output device 100 .
- the irradiation control unit 211 can switch the light source unit 110 that outputs light among the plurality of light source units 110 (light sources) according to the operator's operation input to the input unit 220 .
- the irradiation controller 211 is an example of a second controller.
- the input control section 212 receives an input signal from the input section 220 . Further, the input control section 212 may control the input section 220 so that a predetermined operation input is possible.
- the output control unit 213 controls the output unit 230 to perform a predetermined output.
- the switching control section 214, the detection section 215, the switching mechanism 33, and the light receiving section 250 will be described later.
- FIG. 5 and 6 are cross-sectional views each showing an example of the configuration of the leak portion 11.
- FIG. The inside of the first clad 10e of the leak portion 11 contains particles 11b in the example of FIG. 5, and voids 11c in the example of FIG.
- the particles 11b and the holes 11c may be nanostructures with a diameter of 100 [nm] or less, for example.
- Particles 11b may be, for example, microparticles or fillers such as microtubes.
- the traveling direction of the second light is changed by the particles 11b and the holes 11c, that is, the second light is scattered, so the second light tends to leak outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface 10c.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the leak portion 11.
- the outer peripheral surface 10 c is inclined with respect to the axial direction X of the irradiation probe 10 .
- the outer peripheral surface 10c is, for example, a tapered surface. In this way, in the portion where the shape of the outer peripheral surface 10c changes along the axial direction X, for example, the second light is incident on the portion exceeding the critical angle, so that the second light is emitted from the outer peripheral surface 10c in the radial direction. Easy to leak outside.
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the leak portion 11. As shown in FIG. In the example of FIG. 8, the leak portion 11 is bent. Light leaks easily from the bent portion. That is, even with the configuration of FIG. 8, the second light tends to leak outward in the radial direction from the outer peripheral surface 10c.
- FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of the configuration of the leak portion 11.
- the leakage portion 11 has a scattering layer 14 surrounding the first clad 10e.
- the refractive index of the scattering layer 14 is set substantially equal to or slightly higher than the refractive index of the first clad 10e.
- the scattering layer 14 also contains scattering elements 14a as particles and holes. In this case, the second light that reaches the interface between the first cladding 10e and the scattering layer 14 enters the scattering layer 14 and leaks radially outward from the scattering elements 14a.
- the scattering layer 14 can appropriately set or change the location where the second light leaks, the location where the second light leaks easily, or the location where the intensity of the leaked light increases. You get the advantage of being able to Further, when the first clad 10e is appropriately pressurized radially inward by the scattering layer 14, the second light is likely to leak from the pressurized portion.
- FIGS. 5 to 9 may be combined as appropriate in one irradiation probe 10 and implemented.
- an inclined surface 10b1 inclined with respect to the axial direction X is provided at the end 10b of the core 10d.
- the first light is reflected radially outward on the inclined surface 10b1.
- the direction of reflection can be appropriately adjusted by the inclination of the inclined surface 10b1.
- Such a configuration is effective when it is desired to set the irradiation area of the first light in the radial direction of the irradiation probe 10 .
- Inclined surface 10b1 is an example of a first optical element.
- an optical element 15A having an inclined surface 15a similar to the inclined surface 10b1 shown in FIG. an optical element 15A having an inclined surface 15a similar to the inclined surface 10b1 shown in FIG. .
- the refractive index of the optical element 15A is set substantially equal to or higher than the refractive index of the core 10d.
- the core 10d of the illumination probe 10 can be retrofitted with an optical element 15A for illuminating an appropriate area.
- the optical element 15A and the inclined surface 15a are examples of the first optical element.
- an optical element 15B having a conical surface 15b sharpened in the axial direction X is attached to the end portion 10b of the core 10d by fusion, adhesion, or the like.
- the refractive index of the optical element 15A is set substantially equal to or higher than the refractive index of the core 10d.
- an advantage is obtained in that the first light can be applied to a wider range around the end portion 10a, for example, over the entire circumference.
- Optical element 15B and conical surface 15b are an example of a first optical element.
- an optical element 15C having a lens 15c for refracting light reflected by the inclined surface 15a is fused to the end portion 10b of the core 10d in addition to the inclined surface 15a similar to that shown in FIG. It is attached by glue or the like.
- the irradiation range of the first light can be narrowed, the irradiation range can be widened, the irradiation position can be appropriately adjusted, the irradiation intensity can be increased, or the irradiation intensity can be increased.
- An advantage is obtained in that the irradiation state of the first light can be appropriately adjusted, such as by lowering it.
- Optical element 15C and lens 15c are an example of a first optical element.
- an optical element 15D having a convex curved surface 15d such as a spherical surface is attached to the end portion 10b of the core 10d by fusion, adhesion, or the like.
- a convex curved surface 15d such as a spherical surface
- the lens 15c in FIG. 3 there is an advantage that the irradiation state of the first light can be appropriately adjusted according to the shape of the convex curved surface 15d.
- the optical element 15D and the convex curved surface 15d are examples of the first optical element.
- the illumination probe system 1 may also include a light receiver 250 as shown in FIG.
- the light receiving unit 250 is optically connected to the proximal end 10a of the core 10d via an optical coupler (not shown) and the delivery optical fiber 21, and is coupled to the distal end 10b of the core 10d. external light transmitted through the core 10d and output from the end portion 10a can be received.
- the light receiving section 250 is, for example, a light receiving element.
- the controller 210 operates as a detection unit 215 according to a program, and can detect the received light intensity of extraneous light. In this case, by combining the inclined surface 10b1 and the optical elements 15A to 15D as shown in FIGS.
- the intensity of light can be detected by the detector 215 .
- the inclined surface 10b1, the inclined surface 15a, the conical surface 15b, the lens 15c, the convex curved surface 15d, and the optical elements 15A to 15D are examples of the second optical elements that couple the light coming from the outside to the end portion 10b. be.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view (partial side view) showing a portion of the delivery optical fiber 20, the coupling portion 30, and a portion of the irradiation probe 10.
- the coupling section 30 has a switching mechanism 33 including a mirror 33a whose attitude can be changed.
- the switching mechanism 33 is configured to be able to change between the angle at which the light received from the delivery optical fiber 20 is coupled to the core 10d of the irradiation probe 10 and the angle at which it is coupled to the first clad 10e.
- the switching mechanism 33 has an actuator (not shown) that can electrically change the angle of the mirror 33a.
- the controller 210 see FIG.
- the control device 200 operates as the switching control unit 214 according to the program, and controls the actuator of the switching mechanism 33 to change the angle of the mirror 33a and the delivery optical fiber 20 It is possible to switch between a state in which the light from is coupled to the core 10d and a state in which the light is coupled to the first cladding 10e.
- the switching mechanism 33 can selectively couple the light output from the light source unit 110 to the core 10d or the first clad 10e.
- the switching control unit 214 can control selective coupling by the switching mechanism 33 .
- the switching control section 214 can control selective coupling by the switching mechanism 33 according to the operator's operation input to the input section 220 .
- the light source unit 110 can be used by switching between the light sources of the first light and the second light.
- the switching control section 214 is an example of a first control section.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion of the irradiation probe 10 of a modified example of the embodiment.
- an optical element 15E functioning as a first optical element or a second optical element is detachably provided at the distal end portion of the irradiation probe 10.
- the distal end portion of the irradiation probe 10 is provided with a cylindrical socket 16 protruding from the end portion 10b.
- the optical element 15E and the cylinder 15e detachably attached to the socket 16 constitute an attachment 150. As shown in FIG.
- the socket 16 and the cylinder 15 e ie, the attachment 150 are detachable via the screw mechanism 17 .
- the screw mechanism 17 can also be called an attachment/detachment mechanism.
- Socket 16 may also be referred to as an adapter.
- the attachment/detachment mechanism for attaching and detaching the optical element 15E is not limited to the screw mechanism, and may be another mechanism such as a snap-fit mechanism.
- the optical element 15E has a convex curved surface 15d, but may have other surfaces or shapes such as an inclined surface or a conical surface.
- FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion of the irradiation probe 10 of a modified example of the embodiment.
- an optical element 15F is detachably provided at the tip of the irradiation probe 10.
- the optical element 15F is configured to be attachable/detachable to/from a cylindrical socket 16 projecting from the end portion 10b via a screw mechanism 17 as an attachment/detachment mechanism. The optical element 15F is used when the first light is not radiated from the end portion 10b in the axial direction.
- the inner end surface 15f facing the end 10b of the optical element 15F and the inner peripheral surface 16a of the socket 16 are configured to reflect the second light. Therefore, the second light emitted from the end portion 10e1 or the end portion 10b reaches the inner end surface 15f directly or via the inner peripheral surface 16a, is reflected by the inner end surface 15f, and is reflected directly or through the inner peripheral surface 16a. It is connected to the first clad 10e again via the first clad 10e. The second light coupled to the first clad 10e returns inside the first clad 10e toward the end portion 10a and leaks from the outer peripheral surface 10c (see FIGS. 1 and 2) of the first clad 10e at the leakage portion 11.
- FIG. 1 and 2 The inner end surface 15f facing the end 10b of the optical element 15F and the inner peripheral surface 16a of the socket 16 are configured to reflect the second light. Therefore, the second light emitted from the end portion 10e1 or the end portion 10b reaches the inner end surface 15f directly or
- the optical element 15F is an example of a third optical element.
- the inner end surface 15f is an example of a reflecting portion and can also be referred to as a reflecting surface.
- FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion of the irradiation probe 10 of a modified example of the embodiment.
- illumination probe 10 has a plurality of skins 18 located on its outer periphery or tip.
- the irradiation probe 10 includes three skins 181, 182, and 183 as the skins 18, but the number of skins 18 is not limited to three, and may be two or less, or four skins. or more.
- the outer skin 18 protects the irradiation probe 10.
- the outer skin 18 transmits light from each covered portion, that is, light from the outer periphery of the leaking portion 11 or the end portion 10b.
- the outer skin 18 is made of, for example, a biocompatible synthetic resin material.
- the hardness (softness) of the skin 18 may vary depending on the location of the skin 18 .
- the portion of the skin 18 that covers the tip of the irradiation probe 10 may be made of a relatively hard material
- the portion of the skin 18 that covers the outer circumference of the irradiation probe 10 may be made of a relatively soft material. .
- the outer skin 18 is at least partially detachable or detachable.
- the structure that allows the outer skin 18 to be detached means that the outer skin 18 is removed by attaching the removed outer skin 18 or the outer skin 18 different from the removed outer skin 18 to the site where the outer skin 18 has been removed. It means that the structure can be restored to the same state as before.
- a structure that allows the outer skin 18 to be removed means a structure that allows the outer skin 18 to be removed without causing problems such as damage to the portion where the outer skin 18 is removed.
- the outer skin 181 has a cylindrical shape and covers the outer periphery of the irradiation probe 10 except for the tip.
- the outer skin 181 is irremovably fixed to the irradiation probe 10 by, for example, adhesion.
- a tip portion of the outer cover 181 is attached to the outer circumference of the cylinder 15e that holds the optical element 15G.
- Optical element 15G is, for example, a window or a mirror.
- Cylinder 15 e may also be referred to as a holding member for outer skin 18 . Note that the configuration of the tip portion is not limited to this modified example, and may be the configuration of the above-described embodiment or modified example.
- the outer skin 182 covers the periphery of the outer skin 181. That is, in this modified example, the outer skin 181 and the outer skin 182 are laminated in the radial direction.
- the jacket 182 is, for example, a heat-shrinkable tube made of a synthetic resin material.
- the irradiation probe 10 is relatively inserted in the axial direction inside a cylindrical outer skin 182 having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the outer skin 181 in the initial state before heating, and then the outer skin 182 is expanded by heating. It is heat-shrunk to cover the outer skin 181 .
- the outer cover 182 elastically presses the outer cover 181 inward in the radial direction due to shrinkage due to heating, and the outer cover 182 is fixed around the outer cover 181 by the frictional force associated with the pressing force. Also, the user can remove the outer skin 182 from the outer skin 181 by, for example, cutting a part of the outer skin 182 and tearing the outer skin 182 from the cut. That is, the outer skin 182 is detachably provided. Also, after skin 182 is removed, another skin 182 can be attached over skin 181 by a procedure similar to that described above, namely insertion and heat shrinking. That is, the skin 18 is removable and includes a removable skin 182 . Note that the outer skin 181 inside the outer skin 182 may be detachable or detachable from the irradiation probe 10 .
- the outer skin 183 is fitted so as to cover the tip of the irradiation probe 10 and the axial ends of the outer skins 181 and 182 .
- the outer skin 183 is configured, for example, as a cap mounted in an elastically expanded state. After the outer skin 183 is removed, the removed outer skin 183 may be washed, sterilized and reused, or another clean outer skin 183 or a new outer skin 183 may be attached to the irradiation probe 10 .
- the skin 18 includes a skin 183 that is removable and detachable.
- the irradiation probe 10 has a plurality of removable or detachable outer skins 18, only the outer skin 18 that is unusable or unusable due to soiling or damage, for example, can be removed or replaced. Therefore, the running cost can be suppressed compared to the case where the entire outer cover 18 is removed or replaced.
- the irradiation probe 10 has a plurality of outer skins 18 with different positions in the axial direction, it is possible to remove or replace only the outer skin 18 of the unusable or unusable portion of the entire outer skin 18 . Therefore, it is possible to operate the irradiation probe 10 with higher efficiency.
- the tip of the probe 10 is likely to come into contact with a living body or the like and become dirty.
- the outer skin 183 that covers the tip including the end portion 10b and the outer skin 182 that covers the outer peripheral surface 10c as the outer periphery of the leaking portion 11 are removable or detachable. It can be said that this configuration is suitable for the usage pattern of the irradiation probe 10 .
- the outer skin 181 inside the outer skin 182 is irremovably fixed to the irradiation probe 10 as in this modification, the outer skin 181 can be used even when the outer skin 182 is temporarily removed for replacement or the like. An advantage is obtained that protection can be ensured.
- FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the irradiation probe 10 of a modified example of the embodiment.
- the irradiation probe 10 has a plurality of outer skins 18 whose positions are different in the axial direction.
- the irradiation probe 10 includes two skins 183H1 and 183H2 as the skin 18. As shown in FIG.
- the outer skin 183H2 covers the root portion of the body excluding the outer skin 18 of the irradiation probe 10 near the connector 19, and the outer skin 183H1 covers the middle portion to the tip portion of the body excluding the root portion.
- the outer skin 183H2 has a cylindrical shape and covers the outer periphery of the root portion
- the outer skin 183H1 has a bottomed cylindrical shape and covers the outer periphery of the intermediate portion, the outer periphery of the tip portion, and the axial ends. ing.
- the outer skins 183H1 and 183H2 are configured to be axially separable.
- the perimeter of these boundaries is covered with a substantially annular protection member 184 to suppress the infiltration of liquid from the boundaries.
- the protective member 184 is, for example, a tape, a band, a cover, a ring, or a plurality of rigid members coupled so as to be expandable or separable.
- the outer skin 183H2 is fixed to the root portion by adhesion or the like. Since the outer cover 183H2 is connected to the connector 19, it is difficult to make it detachable or detachable. On the other hand, the outer skin 183H1 is detachable.
- the outer skin 183H1 may be detachably integrated with the irradiation probe 10 with a removable adhesive (adhesive) or a mounting tool such as the protective member 184, or may be elastically fitted.
- FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view of the irradiation probe 10 shown in FIG. 19 with the outer skin 183H1 removed.
- the protection member 184 is also removed from the irradiation probe 10 together with the outer skin 183H1. Thereafter, the removed outer skin 183H1 may be washed, sterilized and reused, or another clean outer skin 183H1 or a new outer skin 183H1 may be attached to the irradiation probe 10 .
- the protective member 184 is attached. The removed protective member 184 may be washed, sterilized and reused, or another clean protective member 184 or a new protective member 184 may be attached to the irradiation probe 10 .
- This modification also allows the irradiation probe 10 to be kept clean relatively easily. Further, according to this modification, even if the connector 19 has a structure that cannot be separated from the outer cover 18, the outer cover 18 has a part that is partially removable or detachable apart from the non-separable part. can be provided.
- FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view of the irradiation probe 10 of a modified example of the embodiment. Illumination probe 10 of FIG. 21 has a similar skin 18 to illumination probe 10 of FIGS. However, in the example of FIG. 21, the outer skin 18 includes three outer skins 183H1 to 183H3 whose positions are different in the axial direction. Specifically, the outer skin 183H1 covers the outer circumference and axial ends of the tip portion, the outer skin 183H2 covers the outer circumference of the root portion, and the outer skin 183H3 covers the outer circumference of the intermediate portion. The outer skins 183H1 and 183H3 are detachable.
- the number of outer skins 18 whose positions are different in the axial direction is not limited to 2 or 3, and may be 4 or more.
- the axial position of each outer skin 18 can be changed as appropriate.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion of the irradiation probe 10 of a modified example of the embodiment.
- the irradiation probe 10 in the example of FIG. 22 has an envelope 181, like the irradiation probe 10 in the example of FIG.
- the irradiation probe 10 of this modified example has a plurality (three in this example) of multi-layered bottomed cylindrical outer skins 182-1 to 182-1 to cover the body of the irradiation probe 10 from the tip portion to the intermediate portion. 182-3.
- These multi-layered outer skins 182-1 to 182-3 are attached, for example, with a peelable adhesive (adhesive), and are configured so that they can be peeled off one by one from the outside, that is, removed. Therefore, when the outermost outer skin 182-1 becomes dirty or damaged, the user can peel off the outer skin 182-1, thereby exposing the inner skin 182-2 to the outside as an irradiation probe. 10 can be used. Furthermore, if the outer skin 182-2 becomes dirty or damaged, the user can peel off the outer skin 182-2 to use the irradiation probe 10 as the outer skin with its inner outer skin 182-3 exposed to the outside. can be done.
- skin 18 includes removable skins 182-1 through 182-3. This modification also allows the irradiation probe 10 to be kept clean relatively easily.
- the number of layers of the outer skin 18 is not limited to 3, and may be 2 or 4 or more.
- the irradiation probe system 1 of the present embodiment irradiates light not only on the region facing the end portion 10b of the irradiation probe 10 but also on the region facing the outer peripheral surface 10c of the irradiation probe 10. can be done. That is, according to this embodiment, the irradiation range can be further expanded.
- the irradiation probe system 1 of the present embodiment has a state in which only the region facing the end 10b is irradiated with light, a state in which only the region facing the outer peripheral surface 10c is irradiated with light, and a region facing the end 10b is irradiated with light.
- the irradiation probe 10 whose irradiation range can be expanded and whose irradiation range and irradiation output can be changed and the irradiation probe system 1 including the irradiation probe 10 can be used for PDT.
- PDT it is possible to construct a beneficial medical system that brings about various effects such as, for example, faster treatment, more reliable or more appropriate treatment, and the like.
- the irradiation probe system 1 including the light receiving unit 250 and the detecting unit 215 can also be used for photodynamic diagnosis (PDD).
- PDT photodynamic diagnosis
- the present invention can be used for irradiation probe systems and irradiation probes.
- Reference Signs List 1 Irradiation probe system 10
- Irradiation probe 10a ... End 10a1... End surface (first input end) 10a2... End face (second input end) 10a3 end face 10b end (output end) 10b1 ...
- Inclined surface (first optical element, second optical element) 10c ... Outer peripheral surface 10d... Core 10e... First clad 10e1... End 10f... Second clad (first coating layer)
- Optical element 15a Inclined surface (first optical element, second optical element) 15b... conical surface (first optical element, second optical element) 15c... Lens (first optical element, second optical element) 15d... Convex surface (first optical element, second optical element) 15f... inner end surface (reflecting part) 15e... Cylinder 16... Socket 16a... Inner peripheral surface 17... Screw mechanism (detachable mechanism) 18, 181, 182, 182-1, 182-2, 182-3, 183, 183H1, 183H2, 183H3... outer cover 19... connector 20... delivery optical fiber 20a... core 20b... clad 20c... outer cover 21... delivery optical fiber ( first transmission optical fiber) 22 ...
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Abstract
Description
[照射プローブシステムの構成]
図1は、実施形態の照射プローブシステム1の模式図である。図1に示されるように、照射プローブシステム1は、光出力装置100と、照射プローブ10と、制御装置200と、デリバリ光ファイバ20と、結合部30と、入力部220と、を備えている。
図2は、照射プローブ10の断面と結合部30の側面とを示す図である。上述したように、照射プローブ10は、伝送部12と、漏洩部11と、を有している。本実施形態では、一例として、伝送部12は、ダブルクラッドファイバとして構成されている。すなわち、伝送部12は、軸方向に延びたコア10dと、コア10dを取り囲み軸方向に延びた第一クラッド10eと、第一クラッドを取り囲み軸方向に延びた第二クラッド10fと、を有している。第一クラッド10eの屈折率は、コア10dの屈折率よりも低く、かつ第二クラッド10fの屈折率は、第一クラッド10eの屈折率よりも低い。
図3は、結合部30および照射プローブ10の一部の断面図である。結合部30は、融着あるいは接着等されることにより照射プローブ10と接続されている。すなわち、結合部30は、照射プローブ10と光学的および機械的に接続されている。なお、他の部材(不図示)により、結合部30の端面と照射プローブの端面とが接するように構成されてもよい。
図4は、照射プローブシステム1の、ブロック図である。図4に示されるように、照射プローブシステム1は、制御装置200、入力部220、および出力部230を備えている。入力部220および出力部230は、ユーザやオペレータに対するユーザインタフェースを構築している。入力部220は、例えば、リモートコントローラや、スイッチボックス、ジョイスティックのような操作ユニット、キーボード、タッチパネル、マウス、スイッチ、操作ボタンのような、入力デバイスである。出力部230は、例えば、ディスプレイや、プリンタ、ランプ、スピーカ等であって、画像や、印刷、音声による出力デバイスである。
図5および図6は、それぞれ、漏洩部11の構成の一例を示す断面図である。漏洩部11の第一クラッド10eの内部には、図5の例では、粒子11bが含まれており、図6の例では、空孔11cが含まれている。粒子11bや空孔11cは、例えば、直径100[nm]以下のような、ナノ構造であってもよい。粒子11bは、例えば、微粒子や、微少チューブのようなフィラーであってもよい。これらの場合、粒子11bや空孔11cによって第二光の進行方向が変化する、すなわち第二光が散乱されるため、第二光が外周面10cから径方向外側へ漏れやすくなる。
図10~14は、それぞれ、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の先端部分の断面図である。
また、照射プローブシステム1は、図4に示されるように、受光部250を備えてもよい。受光部250は、不図示の光カプラとデリバリ光ファイバ21とを介して、コア10dの基端側の端部10aと光学的に接続されており、コア10dの先端側の端部10bに結合され、当該コア10d内を伝送され、端部10aから出力された外来光を、受光することができる。受光部250は、例えば、受光素子である。また、コントローラ210は、プログラムにしたがって検出部215として作動し、外来光の受光強度を検出することができる。この場合、図10~14に示されたような、傾斜面10b1や、光学要素15A~15D等との組み合わせにより、特定の範囲あるいは方向から到来した外来光を受光部250で受光し、当該外来光の強度を検出部215で検出することができる。この場合において、傾斜面10b1、傾斜面15a、円錐面15b、レンズ15c、凸曲面15d、および光学要素15A~15Dは、外部から到来した光を端部10bに結合する第二光学要素の一例である。
図15は、デリバリ光ファイバ20の一部、結合部30、および照射プローブ10の一部を示す断面図(一部側面図)である。図15の例では、結合部30は、姿勢を変更可能なミラー33aを含む切替機構33を有している。切替機構33は、デリバリ光ファイバ20から受けた光を、照射プローブ10のコア10dに結合する角度と、第一クラッド10eに結合する角度との間で変更可能に構成されている。切替機構33は、ミラー33aの角度を電気的に変更可能なアクチュエータ(不図示)を有している。この場合、制御装置200のコントローラ210(図4参照)は、プログラムにしたがって切替制御部214として作動し、切替機構33のアクチュエータを制御することにより、ミラー33aの角度を変更し、デリバリ光ファイバ20からの光がコア10dに結合される状態と、第一クラッド10eに結合される状態とを切り替えることができる。言い換えると、切替機構33は、光源ユニット110が出力した光をコア10dまたは第一クラッド10eに選択的に結合することができる。切替制御部214は、切替機構33による選択的な結合を制御することができる。さらに、切替制御部214は、入力部220に対するオペレータの操作入力に応じて、切替機構33による選択的な結合を制御することができる。このような構成によれば、光源ユニット110を、第一光および第二光の光源として切り替えて用いることができる。切替制御部214は、第一制御部の一例である。
図16は、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の先端部分の断面図である。図16の例では、第一光学要素または第二光学要素として機能する光学要素15Eが、照射プローブ10の先端部分に着脱可能に設けられている。一例として、照射プローブ10の先端部分には端部10bから突出した円筒状のソケット16が設けられている。また、光学要素15Eとソケット16に着脱可能に構成されたシリンダ15eとが、アタッチメント150を構成している。ソケット16とシリンダ15eすなわちアタッチメント150とは、ねじ機構17を介して着脱可能に構成されている。ねじ機構17は、着脱機構とも称されうる。また、ソケット16は、アダプタとも称されうる。アタッチメント150を取り外した状態では、コア10dを伝送された第一光は、端部10bから軸方向に出力される。すなわち、このような構成によれば、アタッチメント150が取り外されて端部10bから第一光が軸方向に出力される状態と、アタッチメント150が取り付けられて端部10bから光学要素15Eを介して第一光が出力されるかあるいは外来光が光学要素15Eを介してコア10dに結合される状態とを、切り替えることができる。なお、光学要素15Eを着脱可能とする着脱機構は、ねじ機構には限定されず、スナップフィット機構のような、他の機構であってもよい。また、図16の例では、光学要素15Eは、凸曲面15dを有しているが、例えば、傾斜面や、円錐面のような、他の面や形状を有してもよい。
図17は、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の先端部分の断面図である。図17の例では、光学要素15Fが、照射プローブ10の先端に着脱可能に設けられている。一例として、光学要素15Fは、端部10bから突出した円筒状のソケット16に着脱機構としてのねじ機構17を介して着脱可能に構成されている。光学要素15Fは、端部10bから第一光を軸方向に照射しない場合に用いられる。光学要素15Fの端部10bと面した内側端面15fおよびソケット16の内周面16aは、第二光を反射するよう構成されている。したがって、端部10e1または端部10bから出射された第二光は、直接あるいは内周面16aを経由して内側端面15fに到達し、当該内側端面15fで反射し、直接あるいは内周面16aを経由して再び第一クラッド10eに結合する。第一クラッド10eに結合された第二光は、端部10aに向けて第一クラッド10e内を戻り、漏洩部11において第一クラッド10eの外周面10c(図1,2参照)から漏洩する。このような構成によれば、第一光を軸方向に照射しない場合において、光学要素15Fが取り付けられない場合に比べて、例えば、漏洩部11からの第二光の出射効率を高めてエネルギロスを減らすことができたり、漏洩部11の場所による第二光の照射強度のばらつきを抑制できたり、といった効果が得られる。光学要素15Fは、第三光学要素の一例である。また、内側端面15fは、反射部の一例であり、反射面とも称されうる。
図18は、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の先端部分の断面図である。図18の例では、照射プローブ10は、その外周または先端に位置する複数の外皮18を有している。なお、本変形例では、照射プローブ10は、外皮18として、三つの外皮181,182,183を含むが、外皮18の数は3には限定されず、2以下であっても良いし、4以上であってもよい。
図19は、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の断面図である。図19の例でも、照射プローブ10は、軸方向に位置が異なる複数の外皮18を有している。本変形例では、照射プローブ10は、外皮18として、二つの外皮183H1,183H2を含む。
図21は、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の断面図である。図21の照射プローブ10は、図19,20の照射プローブ10と同様の外皮18を有している。ただし、図21の例では、外皮18は、軸方向に位置が異なる三つの外皮183H1~183H3を含んでいる。具体的に、外皮183H1は、先端部分の外周および軸方向の端部を覆い、外皮183H2は、根元部分の外周を覆い、外皮183H3は、中間部分の外周を覆っている。そして、外皮183H1,183H3は、着脱可能に構成される。本変形例によっても、照射プローブ10を比較的容易に清潔に保つことができる。なお、軸方向に位置が異なる外皮18の数は、2や3には限定されず、4以上であってもよい。また、各外皮18の軸方向の位置は、適宜に変更することができる。
図22は、実施形態の変形例の照射プローブ10の先端部分の断面図である。図22の例の照射プローブ10は、図18の例の照射プローブ10と同様に、外皮181を有している。ただし、本変形例の照射プローブ10は、当該照射プローブ10のボディの先端部分から中間部分にかけて覆う、多重に積層された有底筒状の複数(この例では三つ)の外皮182-1~182-3を有している。これら多重に積層された外皮182-1~182-3は、例えば剥離可能な接着剤(粘着剤)によって取り付けられ、外側から1枚ずつ剥がす、すなわち取り外すことができるよう構成されている。よって、使用者は、最も外側の外皮182-1が汚れたり損傷したりした場合には、当該外皮182-1を剥がすことにより、その内側の外皮182-2が外側に露出した外皮として照射プローブ10を使用することができる。さらに、外皮182-2が汚れたり損傷したりした場合、使用者は、当該外皮182-2を剥がすことにより、その内側の外皮182-3が外側に露出した外皮として照射プローブ10を使用することができる。このように、外皮18は、取外可能な外皮182-1~182-3を含んでいる。本変形例によっても、照射プローブ10を比較的容易に清潔に保つことができる。なお、外皮18の積層枚数は3には限定されず、2であってもよいし4以上であってもよい。
10…照射プローブ
10a…端部
10a1…端面(第一入力端部)
10a2…端面(第二入力端部)
10a3…端面
10b…端部(出力端部)
10b1…傾斜面(第一光学要素、第二光学要素)
10c…外周面
10d…コア
10e…第一クラッド
10e1…端部
10f…第二クラッド(第一被覆層)
11…漏洩部
11a…凹部
11b…粒子
11c…空孔
12…伝送部
13…被覆層(第二被覆層)
14…散乱層
14a…散乱要素
15A~15E…光学要素(第一光学要素、第二光学要素)
15F…光学要素(第三光学要素)
15G…光学要素
15a…傾斜面(第一光学要素、第二光学要素)
15b…円錐面(第一光学要素、第二光学要素)
15c…レンズ(第一光学要素、第二光学要素)
15d…凸曲面(第一光学要素、第二光学要素)
15f…内側端面(反射部)
15e…シリンダ
16…ソケット
16a…内周面
17…ねじ機構(着脱機構)
18,181,182,182-1,182-2,182-3,183,183H1,183H2,183H3…外皮
19…コネクタ
20…デリバリ光ファイバ
20a…コア
20b…クラッド
20c…外皮
21…デリバリ光ファイバ(第一伝送光ファイバ)
22…デリバリ光ファイバ(第二伝送光ファイバ)
30…結合部
31…テーパ部
32…直線部
33…切替機構
33a…ミラー
100…光出力装置
110…光源ユニット
111…光源ユニット
112…光源ユニット
150…アタッチメント
184…保護部材
200…制御装置
210…コントローラ
211…照射制御部
212…入力制御部
213…出力制御部
214…切替制御部
215…検出部
220…入力部
230…出力部
241…主記憶部
242…補助記憶装置
250…受光部
Ax…光軸
La…第一光
Lc…第二光
X…軸方向
Claims (49)
- コアと当該コアを取り囲む第一クラッドとを有した照射プローブと、
少なくとも一つの光源と、
前記少なくとも一つの光源が出力した光を前記コアおよび前記第一クラッドのうち少なくとも一方に結合する結合部と、
を備えた、照射プローブシステムであって、
前記コアは、軸方向の一端としての第一入力端部と、軸方向の他端としての出力端部と、を有し、
前記第一クラッドは、軸方向の一端としての第二入力端部と、当該第二入力端部から離れた位置に設けられ前記第一クラッド内で伝送される光を当該第一クラッドの外周面から径方向外側に漏洩する漏洩部と、を有した、照射プローブシステム。 - 前記コア内で伝送された光が前記出力端部から出力される、請求項1に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記少なくとも一つの光源として、前記コアに結合される光を出力する光源と、前記第一クラッドに結合される光を出力する光源と、を備えた、請求項1または2に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記第二入力端部と前記漏洩部との間において、前記第一クラッドの外周面を取り囲む第一被覆層を有した、請求項1~3のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記第一被覆層は、前記第一クラッドよりも屈折率が低い第二クラッドを含む、請求項4に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、径方向の最も外側を取り囲む外皮を有した、請求項1~5のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記外皮は、樹脂材料で作られた、請求項6に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記漏洩部から軸方向に外れた位置で、前記第一クラッドの外周面が露出した区間を有した、請求項1~5のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記漏洩部に対して前記第一入力端部とは軸方向の反対側において前記コアまたは前記第一クラッドを取り囲み、外部からの光が前記コアに結合するのを抑制する第二被覆層を有した、請求項1~8のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記第二被覆層は、前記第一クラッド内を伝送された光が軸方向に出力されるのを抑制する、請求項9に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記漏洩部に対して前記第一入力端部とは軸方向の反対側において前記コアまたは前記第一クラッドを取り囲み、前記第一クラッド内を伝送された光が軸方向に出力されるのを抑制する第二被覆層を有した、請求項1~8のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記出力端部において前記コア内で伝送された光を径方向外側に向かわせる第一光学要素を有した、請求項1~11のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記第一光学要素は、着脱可能に構成された、請求項12に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記漏洩部は、前記第一クラッドの外周面に設けられた凹部または凸部を含む、請求項1~13のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記漏洩部は、前記第一クラッドの内部に設けられた粒子または空孔を含む、請求項1~14のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記漏洩部は、軸方向に向かうにつれて前記第一クラッドの外周面の形状が変化する区間を含む、請求項1~15のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記漏洩部は、前記第一クラッドの屈曲部を含む、請求項1~16のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記漏洩部は、前記第一クラッドの径方向外側に設けられ前記第一クラッドからの光を伝搬して径方向外側へ散乱する散乱層を有した、請求項1~17のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 軸方向の一端において、前記第一入力端部と前記第二入力端部とが径方向に並び、
前記結合部は、一つの前記光源から出力された光を前記コアに結合し、他の前記光源から出力された光を前記第一クラッドに結合する、請求項1~18のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。 - 前記結合部は、前記コアおよび前記第一クラッドに光学的に接続された、請求項1~19のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記結合部は、一つの前記光源が出力し前記コアに結合される光を伝送する第一伝送光ファイバと、他の前記光源が出力し前記第一クラッドに結合される光を伝送する第二伝送光ファイバと、が束ねられたファイババンドルを有した、請求項1~20のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記ファイババンドルは、前記照射プローブに近づくにつれて細くなるテーパードファイババンドルである、請求項21に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記光源が出力した光を前記コアまたは前記第一クラッドに選択的に結合する切替機構と、
前記切替機構による選択的な結合を制御する第一制御部と、
を備えた、請求項1~22のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。 - ユーザによる操作入力部を備え、
前記第一制御部は、前記操作入力部に対するユーザの操作入力に応じて前記切替機構による選択的な結合を制御する、請求項23に記載の照射プローブシステム。 - 前記少なくとも一つの光源として複数の光源と、
前記複数の光源のうち光を出力する光源を切り換える第二制御部と、を備えた、請求項1~24のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。 - 前記複数の光源は、前記コアに結合される光を出力する光源と、前記第一クラッドに結合される光を出力する光源と、を含む請求項25に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記複数の光源は、前記コアに結合される光を出力する複数の光源、または前記第一クラッドに結合される光を出力する複数の光源を含む、請求項25または26に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- ユーザによる操作入力部を備え、
前記第二制御部は、前記操作入力部に対するユーザの操作入力に応じて前記複数の光源のうち光を出力する光源を切り替える、請求項25~27のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。 - 前記出力端部に結合され前記コア内で伝送され前記第一入力端部から出力された光を検出する検出部を備えた、請求項1~28のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、外部から到来した光を前記出力端部に結合する第二光学要素を有した、請求項29に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記第二光学要素は、着脱可能に構成された、請求項30に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブの軸方向の他端から出力された前記第二光を反射する反射部を有し、前記照射プローブに着脱可能に構成された第三光学要素を備え、
前記反射部で反射された前記第二光が前記他端において前記第一クラッドに結合するよう構成された請求項1~31のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。 - 前記照射プローブは、取外可能あるいは着脱可能な外皮を有した、請求項1~32のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記外皮として取外可能あるいは着脱可能な複数の外皮を有した、請求項33に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記外皮として、軸方向に位置が異なる複数の外皮を有した、請求項34に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記外皮として、前記出力端部を覆う外皮と、前記漏洩部の外周を覆う外皮と、を有した、請求項35に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、固定された外皮と、当該固定された外皮を取外可能あるいは着脱可能に覆う外皮と、を有した、請求項33~36のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記照射プローブは、前記外皮として、積層された複数の外皮を有した、請求項33~37のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記積層された複数の外皮は、外側から1枚ずつ取外可能に構成された、請求項38に記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記外皮は、生体に対する使用時における当該生体との接触部位に設けられる、請求項33~39のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- 前記外皮は、生体適合性樹脂材料によって作られた、請求項33~40のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブシステム。
- コアと当該コアを取り囲む第一クラッドとを有した照射プローブであって、
前記コアは、軸方向の一端としての第一入力端部と、軸方向の他端としての出力端部と、を有し、
前記第一クラッドは、軸方向の一端としての第二入力端部と、当該第二入力端部から離れた位置に設けられ前記第一クラッド内で伝送される光を当該第一クラッドの外周面から径方向外側に漏洩する漏洩部と、を有した、照射プローブ。 - 前記コア内で伝送された光を前記出力端部から出力する、請求項42に記載の照射プローブ。
- 前記第二入力端部と前記漏洩部との間において、前記第一クラッドの外周面を取り囲む第一被覆層を有した、請求項42または43に記載の照射プローブ。
- 前記第一被覆層は、前記第一クラッドよりも屈折率が低い第二クラッドを含む、請求項44に記載の照射プローブ。
- 径方向の最も外側を取り囲む外皮を有した、請求項42~45のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブ。
- 前記外皮は、樹脂材料で作られた、請求項46に記載の照射プローブ。
- 前記漏洩部は、前記第一クラッドの内部に設けられた粒子または空孔を含む、請求項42~47のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブ。
- 取外可能あるいは着脱可能な外皮を有した、請求項42~48のうちいずれか一つに記載の照射プローブ。
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