WO2022205549A1

WO2022205549A1 - Multi-purpose permeation deformation test intelligent system and working method thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2022205549A1
Application number: PCT/CN2021/090101
Authority: WO
Inventors: 周恒�; 陆希; 崔家全; 狄圣杰; 石立; 马凌云; 刘静; 杨凌云; 苗喆; 李巍尉; 王建民; 黄鹏
Original assignee: 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司
Priority date: 2021-03-30
Filing date: 2021-04-27
Publication date: 2022-10-06
Also published as: DE112021000127T5

Abstract

A multi-purpose permeation deformation test intelligent system and working method thereof, relating to the technical field of geotechnical tests. The apparatus comprises a water storage tank (1), an intelligent pressurizing and pressure stabilizing device (2), a multi-purpose permeameter (3), a water seepage measuring device (4), a sedimentation tank (5), and a control assembly (6). An output end of the water storage tank (1) is connected to the intelligent pressurizing and pressure stabilizing device (2); an output end of the intelligent pressurizing and pressure stabilizing device (2) is connected to the multi-purpose permeameter (3); an output end of the multi-purpose permeameter (3) is connected to the water seepage measuring device (4); an output end of the water seepage measuring device (4) is connected to the sedimentation tank (5); an output end of the sedimentation tank (5) is connected to an input end of the water storage tank (1); the intelligent pressurizing and pressure stabilizing device (2), the multi-purpose permeameter (3), and the water seepage measuring device (4) are respectively electrically connected to the control assembly (6).

Description

A multi-purpose penetration deformation test intelligent system and its working method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical testing, and in particular relates to a multi-purpose penetration deformation testing intelligent system and a working method thereof, which are especially suitable for ultra-high water head and ultra-large particle size.

Background technique

With the rapid development of water conservancy projects in my country, rockfill dams are widely used as a dam type that can make full use of local natural materials, adapt to different geological conditions, simple construction methods, and good seismic performance. The main material of the rockfill dam body is rockfill or sand and gravel, and when the pores in the dam material are interconnected, water permeable channels can be formed. Although these channels are very irregular and often narrow, water can flow along these channels by gravity. , The phenomenon of water flowing in the pore channel is called water seepage; the property that the dam material can be permeated by water is called the permeability or water permeability of the dam material, which is also one of the mechanical properties of soil. With the construction of high-face earth-rock dams, the permeability of dam materials has become a key technical problem that restricts the construction of high-face earth-rock dams, and the permeability coefficient of soil is a parameter for evaluating soil permeability. The stronger the sex, the weaker it is. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct laboratory tests to verify the penetration stability and safety of various original graded fillers.

Most of the tests on the permeability characteristics of the original graded sand and gravel dam building materials are carried out after the on-site rolling test, and only the test pit water injection method is used to measure the permeability coefficient under the unsaturated state. Evolution of the seepage process of sand-gravel dam materials for earth-rock dams under the action of high water head. In addition, because the penetration test is carried out on the existing roller compacted body, there are certain restrictions on the test conditions of the dam material, and the applied water head is limited.

Due to the limitations of the processing conditions of equipment and engineering scale, in the current domestic version of the test regulations, the test equipment meets the infiltration and infiltration deformation test of coarse-grained soil with a maximum particle size of 60mm, and the test head is mostly less than 100m. For the test method of the original grade of sand and gravel with a maximum particle size far exceeding 60mm, the grading after diameter reduction is often used indoors, and there is a lack of clear test methods and equipment.

In the penetration test, it is particularly important to accurately measure the water pressure value of different sample sections. If there are too many interference factors at the measured position, the data collected in the test will be easily affected and biased. Existing indoor penetration tests have many of the following deficiencies:

(1) The size of the conventional permeation test device is small (the inner diameter of the device is generally 200mm and 300mm), which cannot meet the requirement that the inner diameter of the permeation instrument is greater than 5 times the particle size d85, which accounts for ₈₅ % of the sample gradation. , only the equivalent gradation curve can be used to scale down, and the particle size can be reduced to meet the requirement that the particle size is less than 5 times. The scale effect produced in this way causes the difference with the actual situation, and the test results often cannot reflect the actual situation; and Due to the low strength and rigidity of the conventional permeameter, it is impossible to carry out the permeation test of the filling material under the action of high water head.

(2) The traditional measurement method only measures the water pressure value of the contact surface between the side wall of the permeameter and the sample. Usually, due to the different properties of the two materials at the interface, the contact surface is prone to form gaps. The wall is a steel plate, which cannot be well combined with the side wall of the instrument. It is easy to form a side wall channel. The seepage concentration and piping damage first occur from the side wall pores. The influence of the flow effect is increased, resulting in the distortion of the test results. In addition, the traditional side wall treatment usually uses flexible water-blocking materials such as vaseline and plasticine, which needs to be re-applied for each test, and repeated operations increase the test workload. Moreover, when the pressurized water head is large, the flexible water-blocking material and the A separation layer is formed between the inner walls of the permeameter, resulting in distortion of the test data.

(3) Two sets of different test devices are used for the vertical penetration test and the horizontal penetration test of the conventional permeameter, and the comparability of the test results is poor; and the head pressure of the conventional permeation test is small, and the water supply equipment and measuring equipment are all manually operated, not only The highest pressurized water head can only be within the height range of the building, the water pressure stability is poor, the water supply capacity is small, and there are problems such as difficulty in maintaining stable water pressure in the permeameter, difficulty in ensuring the accuracy of infiltration flow measurement, and low data collection efficiency.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, provide a multi-purpose penetration deformation test intelligent system and its working method, and overcome the problems existing in the prior art.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the present invention is: an intelligent system for multi-purpose penetration deformation test, including a water storage tank, an intelligent pressure-stabilizing device, a multi-purpose permeameter, a water seepage measuring device, a sedimentation tank and a control assembly , the output end of the water storage tank is connected to the intelligent pressure stabilizer device, the output end of the intelligent pressure stabilizer device is connected to the multi-purpose permeameter, the output end of the multi-purpose permeameter is connected to the water seepage measuring device, and the The output end is connected to the sedimentation tank, the output end of the sedimentation tank is connected to the input end of the water storage tank, and the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device, the multi-purpose permeameter and the water seepage measuring device are respectively electrically connected to the control component.

Preferably, the input end of the water storage tank is connected to the water supply pipeline through a water supply pipe, and the output end of the water storage tank is connected to the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device through a connecting water pipe.

Preferably, the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device includes a water pump combination unit, a pressure transmitter, an electric regulating valve, a secondary pressure reducing valve, a pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe, a water inlet valve of a permeameter, and a water head water supply control assembly. The output end of the water storage tank is connected to the water pump combination unit through the connecting water pipe, the output end of the water pump combination unit is connected to the water inlet valve of the permeameter through a pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe, and the output end of the water inlet valve of the permeameter is connected to the multi-purpose permeameter. A pressure transmitter is arranged on the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe between the combination unit and the water inlet valve of the permeameter. The output end of the water pump combination unit is also connected to an electric control valve, and the output end of the electric control valve is connected to a secondary pressure reducing valve. , the output end of the secondary pressure reducing valve is connected to the input end of the water storage tank, the water pump combination unit, the pressure transmitter and the electric regulating valve are respectively electrically connected with the water head water supply control component, and the water head water supply control component is electrically connected with the control component.

Preferably, the water pump combination unit is composed of six sets of single-pump pressurization components in parallel, which are a first set of single-pump pressurization components, a second set of single-pump pressurization components, a third set of single-pump pressurization components, and a fourth set of single-pump pressurization components. One set of single-pump pressurization components, the fifth set of single-pump pressurization components, and the sixth set of single-pump pressurization components, each set of single-pump pressurization components is assembled by connecting the water inlet valve, water pump and check valve in sequence through hydraulic pipes The first set of single-pump pressurization components are sequentially connected and assembled by the first water inlet valve, the first water pump and the first check valve; the second set of single-pump pressurization components are composed of the second water inlet valve, the second water pump and the The second check valve is connected and assembled in sequence; the third set of single-pump pressurization components are sequentially connected and assembled by the third water inlet valve, the third water pump and the third check valve; the fourth set of single-pump pressurization components are connected and assembled by the fourth water inlet valve The valve, the fourth water pump and the fourth check valve are connected and assembled in sequence; the fifth set of single-pump pressurization components are sequentially connected and assembled by the fifth water inlet valve, the fifth water pump and the fifth check valve; the sixth set of single-pump pressurization The assembly is sequentially connected and assembled by a sixth water inlet valve, a sixth water pump and a sixth check valve. The water pump and the check valve are respectively electrically connected with the water head water supply control assembly, and the check valve is respectively flanged with the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe. Mechanical connection; the pump combination unit adopts a multi-stage pump cascade configuration, wherein the head lift of the first pump is 1.5-61m, the head lift of the second pump is 61-101m, and the head lift of the third pump is 101-162m. The heads of the four pumps are 162-203m, and the heads of the fifth and sixth pumps are 203-350m. The pump combination unit provides continuous and stable pressurized heads in the range of 0-350m through the control of the control components.

Preferably, the multipurpose permeameter includes a water inlet end cavity, a sample box body, a water outlet end cavity, a primer adhesive layer formed by coating with a primer adhesive, and a rubber putty made of a water-swellable material. The water-swellable rubber putty layer formed by coating, the primer adhesive is evenly coated on the inner wall of the sample box to form a primer adhesive layer, and the water-swellable rubber putty is evenly coated on the primer to bond The agent layer forms a rubber putty layer of water-swellable material, the number of sections of the sample box is one, two or more, and the water inlet cavity, the sample box and the water outlet cavity are horizontal or vertical. The vertical direction is assembled by flange connection in sequence, the water outlet cavity is connected to the water seepage measuring device, and the water inlet cavity, the sample box and the water outlet cavity are connected with a water permeable plate. , When the sample box and the water outlet cavity are connected in sequence in the horizontal direction, the horizontal penetration test is performed; when the water inlet cavity, the sample box and the water outlet cavity are connected in sequence in the vertical direction, the vertical penetration test is performed. .

Preferably, the water inlet end cavity is composed of a vertical penetration test water inlet, a horizontal penetration test water inlet, an exhaust pipe and a water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure, and the vertical penetration test water inlet is vertically welded to the water inlet steel plate surface cavity. On the lower side of the left end surface of the structure, the horizontal penetration test water inlet is vertically welded to the lower end surface of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure, and the exhaust pipe is vertically welded to the upper end surface of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure. The water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure is as follows: A square cavity; the left end surface of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure is provided with a vertical permeation support. When the water inlet cavity, the sample box and the water outlet cavity are connected in sequence in the vertical direction, the water inlet cavity The body is arranged at the lowermost end, the water outlet end cavity is arranged at the uppermost end, the vertical penetration support is in contact with the fixed base or the ground, and the vertical penetration test is carried out; the water outlet chamber is composed of a vertical penetration test water outlet and a horizontal penetration test water outlet , sand discharge pipe and water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure, in which the vertical penetration test water outlet is vertically welded to the upper end face of the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure, and the horizontal penetration test water outlet is vertically welded to the right side of the vertical penetration test water outlet. It is vertically welded to the lower end face of the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure, and the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure is a square cavity.

Preferably, the sample box body includes a box body, a cover plate and a permeameter base, the lower end surface of the box body is arranged on the permeameter base, the upper end surface of the box body is fixedly connected to the cover plate, and the sample The box body is a square structure with a length of 1 to 5m and a cross section of 1m × 1m. There are pressure measuring holes evenly distributed on the front and rear sides of the box body. The pressure measuring holes are used for pre-embedding the pressure measuring extension pipe. The pressure sensor is externally connected to the pipe, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control assembly. The primer adhesive layer and the water-swellable material rubber putty layer are sequentially coated on the front, rear and bottom inner walls of the box body, and the primer is bonded The agent layer and the water-swellable material rubber putty layer are sequentially coated on the inner wall of the cover plate on the side close to the inner cavity of the box body; the box body and the cover plate are both steel plates, and ribs are welded on the outside of the box body and the cover plate. The upper edge of the front and rear sides of the box body is provided with an outer edge of the box body, and the outer edge of the box body and the edge of the cover plate are fully perforated by the first limb perforated bolts. The outer edge of the box body and The cover plate is provided with grooves at corresponding positions on the inner side of the first peripheral perforated bolt, and the first water-stop rubber rings are arranged in the two corresponding grooves; the upstream and downstream end faces of the box body are respectively connected with flange joints, and the cover plate The upstream and downstream edges of the flange joint are connected by steel plate inner nut bolts, and the cover plate and the flange joint are provided with grooves at corresponding positions on the inner side of the steel plate inner nut bolts, and two corresponding grooves are provided with second stoppers. Water rubber ring; the flange joints of the two adjacent box bodies are connected by full perforation of the second limb perforated bolts, and the two flange joints are provided with grooves at corresponding positions on the inner side of the second limb perforated bolts, A third water-stop rubber ring is arranged in the two corresponding grooves, wherein the thickness of the flange joint is 30-40mm; the permeable plate is composed of perforated steel plates welded outside the rib, and the rib is arranged in a square shape on the perforated steel plate. Above, the opening diameter of the perforated steel plate is 5-10mm, and the opening rate is 16-20%; the coating thickness of the primer adhesive layer is 0.3-0.8mm, and the primer adhesive is selected from HYT Epoxy primer, the coating thickness of the rubber putty layer of the water-swellable material is 2-6 mm; the pressure measuring extension tube includes an outer filter screen, a filler, an inner filter screen, a rigid extension tube, a flexible extension tube, The exhaust valve and the extension pipe switch valve, the flexible extension pipe, the rigid extension pipe and the inner filter are connected in sequence and arranged inside the pressure measuring hole of the multipurpose permeameter, wherein one end of the flexible extension pipe is connected to the pressure measuring hole of the multipurpose permeameter. Connected by extension pipe connecting nuts, the outer filter screen and the inner filter screen are spherical with one side open, wherein the inner filter screen is sleeved inside the outer filter screen, and the open side of the outer filter screen and the inner filter screen is connected to the rigid The extension pipe is connected, and the space enclosed between the outer filter screen and the inner filter screen is used for filling the filling material. Both the on-off valve and the exhaust valve are connected to the flexible extension pipe, the position of the exhaust valve is higher than the on-off valve of the extension pipe, the pressure sensor is connected to the on-off valve of the extension pipe, the outer wall of the rigid extension pipe is sleeved with an annular steel sheet, and the rigid extension pipe and the outer wall of the flexible extension tube Coated with polyurethane elastic material.

Preferably, the water seepage measuring device includes a water inlet pipe, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a water outlet valve, a graduated cylinder water outlet, an on-off valve, a connecting pipe, a drain pipe, a large measuring cylinder, a small measuring cylinder, and a magnetic flap to transmit the liquid level remotely. meter, measuring cylinder base, small measuring cylinder drain valve and large measuring cylinder drain valve, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water outlet cavity, the other end of the water inlet pipe is connected to the water outlet of the graduated cylinder, and the pipeline between the water inlet pipe and the water outlet of the graduated cylinder is on the An electromagnetic flowmeter and a water outlet valve are provided, the large measuring cylinder and the small measuring cylinder are respectively vertically fixed on the measuring cylinder base, and the large measuring cylinder and the small measuring cylinder are communicated through a communication pipe, and the There is an on-off valve, the small measuring cylinder is connected with the magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level gauge, the magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level gauge and the electromagnetic flowmeter are respectively electrically connected with the control assembly, and the bottoms of the large measuring cylinder and the small measuring cylinder are respectively It is connected with the sedimentation tank through a drain pipe, wherein the drain pipe connecting the large measuring cylinder and the sedimentation tank is provided with a large measuring cylinder drain valve, and the drain pipe connecting the small measuring cylinder and the sedimentation tank is provided with a small measuring cylinder drain valve. There are two water outlets, and the two water outlets of the measuring cylinder are respectively arranged directly above the large measuring cylinder and the small measuring cylinder.

Preferably, the control assembly includes a PLC cabinet, a computer, a signal cable and an operating system developed based on FLC software, wherein the operating system developed based on FLC software is installed in the computer, and the PLC cabinet is provided with a frequency converter and a digital display pressure transmitter The frequency converter and the digital display pressure transmitter are respectively connected with the operating system developed based on the FLC software, and the frequency converter and the digital display pressure transmitter are connected with the intelligent pressurized voltage stabilizer, the multi-purpose osmometer and the intelligent pressure stabilizer through the signal cable. Water seepage measuring device connection.

Preferably, a working method of the multi-purpose penetration deformation test intelligent system as described in any one of the above, comprises the following steps:

Step 1: Assemble the box, adjust the multipurpose permeameter according to the length of the sample sample, set the multipurpose permeameter in the horizontal direction when performing the horizontal penetration test, and set the multipurpose permeameter 3 in the vertical direction when performing the vertical penetration test set up;

Step 2: Fill the sample, and fill the sample into the multi-purpose permeameter;

Step 3: Test the pressurization, control the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device to open through the control component, and pressurize the water in the water storage tank into the multi-purpose osmometer. Then the seepage water enters the sedimentation tank, and finally enters the water storage tank 1 for recycling;

Step 4: Data acquisition and test pressure relief.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The cross-sectional size of the sample box of the multi-purpose permeameter of the present invention is increased to 1m×1m, which can meet the penetration characteristic test of the original grade filling material with a maximum particle size of 300mm, and the sample preparation standard is controllable Strong, convenient and fast sample preparation operation, avoids the scaling effect, and can accurately reflect the actual situation; the multi-purpose penetrometer of the present invention adopts the structural design of steel plate welded rib plates, and the rib plates are arranged in a square with a spacing of 10cm, which improves the multi-purpose penetrometer. The strength and stiffness can be tested for permeability characteristics with a maximum test water pressure of 3.5MPa;

(2) The inner wall of the sample box of the multipurpose permeameter of the present invention is sequentially coated with a primer adhesive layer and a water-swellable material rubber putty layer, and the primer adhesive layer is applied to the inner wall of the sample box and the water-swellable material. Material The rubber putty layer has cohesive force. When the sample is saturated, the flexible particle gel coating layer will expand and deform after encountering water, and fill all the irregular surfaces of the contact surface between the inner wall of the sample box of the present invention and the sample. , cavities and gaps, and at the same time generate a large contact pressure, thereby reducing the seepage of the side wall during the penetration test, making the penetration test more in line with the actual situation, and the penetration test results are more accurate and reliable; and the coating can be reused, simplifying the test operation. steps, saving materials and saving test costs;

(3) The water seepage measuring device of the present invention expands the flow measurement range under the premise of satisfying the precision and accuracy of the seepage measurement by using the magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level meter and the electromagnetic flowmeter in combination. When it is small, the single-cylinder method is used to measure the magnetic flap remote level gauge. When the amount of seepage is large, the double-cylinder method is used for the magnetic flap remote level gauge. When the seepage continues to increase, the electromagnetic The flowmeter measurement meets the measurement requirements of the water seepage amount under the action of different test water heads of the large-scale infiltration meter, and when the magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level meter measures the flow, two modes of single-cylinder method measurement and double-cylinder method measurement are also set. Expanded the applicable range of the magnetic flap remote liquid level gauge, while ensuring sufficient accuracy, high measurement accuracy and automation, and a wide range of applications; the seepage measurement device can change the measurement mode. Fully automatic data acquisition module, the degree of automation High performance and convenient operation, which not only improves the accuracy of water seepage measurement in the seepage deformation test, but also improves the test efficiency, while reducing manpower and test costs;

(4) The water pump combination unit of the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device of the present invention can provide a continuous and stable test water head in the range of 0 to 350m, and the tail water pressure reducing component includes an electric regulating valve and a secondary pressure reducing valve to ensure the low pressure discharge of the tail water. Into the water storage tank, the present invention can provide test water head from low pressure to high pressure water head penetration characteristics in the interval of 0-350m through the multi-stage water pump cascade configuration and combination, the water supply pressure is stable, the pressure range is wide, the pressure control is high and the degree of automation is high. Solve the problem of water supply and pressure in high head indoor penetration test;

(5) The present invention provides an intelligent system for multi-purpose penetration deformation test, which has high test accuracy, high degree of automation, reduces errors caused by human operation, and is simple to operate. Carry out horizontal penetration test and vertical penetration test, realize multi-purpose of one box, can more scientifically analyze the results of vertical and horizontal penetration test of the same model, and greatly save the cost;

(6) The pressure measuring extension tube of the present invention can measure the water pressure inside the penetration test sample, which effectively improves the accuracy of the measurement result; and the pressure measuring extension tube can be reused, not only has a simple structure and is convenient to use, but also can be used according to test requirements. , adjust the length of the extension tube; the outer wall of the extension tube is coated with water-swellable polyurethane material and welded annular steel sheet, which can effectively reduce the gap and flow between the outer wall of the extension tube and the sample, improve the test accuracy and improve the test success rate ; The flexible extension tube of the pressure measuring extension tube can provide displacement by adjusting the direction and angle to meet the displacement requirements of the sample during the preparation process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1, the structural representation of a kind of multipurpose penetration deformation test intelligent system of the present invention;

Fig. 2, the process flow chart of a kind of multi-purpose penetration deformation test intelligent system of the present invention

Fig. 3, a kind of multi-purpose penetration deformation test intelligent system of the present invention's multipurpose osmometer structural schematic diagram;

Fig. 4, the present invention Fig. 3 part A is enlarged right side sectional view;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of part B of Fig. 3 of the present invention;

Fig. 6, the present invention is the enlarged left side sectional view of part C of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a water seepage measuring device of a multi-purpose seepage deformation test intelligent system of the present invention;

Fig. 8, the structural representation of the pressure measuring extension pipe of a kind of multi-purpose penetration deformation test intelligent system of the present invention;

Fig. 9, the gradation curve diagram of filling material transition material in Example 9 of the present invention;

Fig. 10, the embodiment of the present invention 9 transition material original gradation horizontal penetration deformation test lgi-lgv relationship curve diagram;

Fig. 11, the embodiment of the present invention 10 sand gravel filling material cushion material gradation curve diagram;

Fig. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between lgi-lgv of vertical penetration deformation test of cushion material in Example 10 of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals

1. Water storage tank, 2. Intelligent pressure stabilization device, 3. Multipurpose permeameter, 4. Water seepage measuring device, 5. Sedimentation tank, 6. Control components, 7. Water supply pipe, 8. Connecting water pipe, 9. Water pump combination unit, 10. Pressure transmitter, 11. Electric regulating valve, 12. Secondary pressure reducing valve, 13. Pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe, 14. Inlet valve of permeameter, 15. Head water supply control component, 16. Inlet valve, 17, Water pump, 18, Check valve, 19, Inlet cavity, 20, Sample box, 21, Outlet cavity, 22, Primer adhesive layer, 23. Water-swellable rubber putty layer, 24, Vertical penetration bearing, 25, Pressure measuring hole, 26, Rib plate, 27, Perforated bolts on the first limb, 28, First water stop rubber ring, 29, Flange joint, 30 , Steel plate inner nut bolts, 31, The second water stop rubber ring, 32, The second side perforated bolt, 33, The third water stop rubber ring, 34, Inlet pipe, 35, Electromagnetic flowmeter, 36, Water outlet valve , 37, measuring cylinder outlet, 38, switch valve, 39, connecting pipe, 40 drain pipe, 41, large measuring cylinder, 42, small measuring cylinder, 43, magnetic flap remote transmission level gauge, 44, measuring cylinder base , 45, small measuring cylinder drain valve, 46, large measuring cylinder drain valve, 47, permeable plate, 48, pressure measuring extension pipe;

6-1, PLC cabinet, 6-2, computer, 6-3, signal cable;

16-1, the first water inlet valve, 17-1, the first water pump, 18-1, the first check valve;

16-2, the second water inlet valve, 17-2, the second water pump, 18-2, the second check valve;

16-3, the third water inlet valve, 17-3, the third water pump, 18-3, the third check valve;

16-4, the fourth water inlet valve, 17-4, the fourth water pump, 18-4, the fourth check valve;

16-5, the fifth water inlet valve, 17-5, the fifth water pump, 18-5, the fifth check valve;

16-6, the sixth water inlet valve, 17-6, the sixth water pump, 18-6, the sixth check valve;

19-1. Vertical penetration test water inlet, 19-2. Horizontal penetration test water inlet, 19-3. Exhaust pipe, 19-4. Water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure;

21-1. Vertical penetration test water outlet, 21-2. Horizontal penetration test water outlet, 21-3. Sand discharge pipe, 21-4. Outlet steel plate surface cavity structure;

20-1, the main body of the box, 20-2, the cover plate, 20-3, the base of the permeameter, 20-1-1, the outer edge of the main body of the box;

48-1, outer filter, 48-2, filler, 48-3, inner filter, 48-4, annular steel sheet, 48-5, rigid extension tube, 48-6, flexible extension tube, 48-7 , Extension pipe connecting nut, 48-8, exhaust valve, 48-9, extension pipe switch valve.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the examples:

It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in this specification are only used to cooperate with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those who are familiar with this technology, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented. , any modification of the structure, the change of the proportional relationship or the adjustment of the size, without affecting the effect that the present invention can produce and the purpose that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed in the present invention can cover .

At the same time, the terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of description and clarity, and are not used to limit this specification. The implementable scope of the invention, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship thereof, shall also be regarded as the implementable scope of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention discloses a multi-purpose osmotic deformation test intelligent system, including a water storage tank 1, an intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2, a multi-purpose permeameter 3, a water seepage measuring device 4, and a sedimentation tank 5 And the control assembly 6, the output end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2, the output end of the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 is connected to the multi-purpose permeameter 3, and the output end of the multi-purpose permeameter 3 is connected to the amount of seepage water Measuring device 4, the output end of the seepage measuring device 4 is connected to the sedimentation tank 5, and the output end of the sedimentation tank 5 is connected to the input end of the water storage tank 1, the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device 2, the multipurpose permeameter 3 and the seepage water The measurement devices 4 are respectively electrically connected to the control components 6 .

Example 2

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 , the input end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the water supply pipeline through the water supply pipe 7 , and the output end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device 2 through the connection water pipe 8 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 , the water supply pipe 7 is connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank 1 , the water outlet of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 through the connecting water pipe 8 , and the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 is connected to the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 via a signal The cable 6-3 is connected with the control assembly 6, and the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 is connected with the vertical penetration test water inlet 19-1 or the horizontal penetration test water inlet 19-2 of the multi-purpose permeameter 3 through the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe 13, A plurality of pressure measuring holes 25 are arranged on the outside of the box of the multi-purpose permeameter 3. The pressure measuring holes 25 are used for pre-embedding the pressure measuring extension pipe 48. The vertical penetration test water outlet 21-1 and the horizontal penetration test water outlet 21-2 are connected with the water seepage measuring device 4 through the water inlet pipe 34, the seepage measuring device 4 is connected with the sedimentation tank 5, and the sedimentation tank 5 is connected with the water seepage amount through the connecting water pipe 8. The water storage tank 1 is connected to form a circulating water system, and the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device 2 is connected to the control assembly 6 via the signal cable 6-3 to feed back the test data.

The length of the pressure measuring extension tube 48 is about 25cm. Since the cross section of the multipurpose permeameter 3 is 1m×1m, and the pressure measuring extension tube is set to 25cm, the pressure at 25cm from the inner wall of the multipurpose permeameter 3 can be measured. precise.

Example 3

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 includes a water pump combination unit 9 , a pressure transmitter 10 , an electric regulating valve 11 , a secondary pressure reducing valve 12 , and a pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe 13 , the water inlet valve 14 of the osmometer and the water head water supply control assembly 15, the output end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the water pump combination unit 9 through the connecting water pipe 8, and the output end of the water pump combination unit 9 is connected to the osmometer through the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe 13. The water inlet valve 14, the output end of the permeameter inlet valve 14 is connected to the multipurpose permeameter 3, and the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe 13 between the water pump combination unit 9 and the permeameter inlet valve 14 is provided with a pressure transmitter 10. The output end of the water pump combination unit 9 is also connected to the electric regulating valve 11, the output end of the electric regulating valve 11 is connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve 12, and the output end of the secondary pressure reducing valve 12 is connected to the input end of the water storage tank 1 , the water pump combination unit 9 , the pressure transmitter 10 and the electric regulating valve 11 are respectively electrically connected with the water head water supply control component 15 , and the water head water supply control component 15 is electrically connected with the control component 6 .

Preferably, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, the water pump combination unit 9 is composed of six sets of single-pump pressurization components in parallel, which are the first set of single-pump pressurization components, the second set of single-pump pressurization components, and the third set of single-pump pressurization components. A set of single-pump pressurization components, the fourth set of single-pump pressurization components, the fifth set of single-pump pressurization components, and the sixth set of single-pump pressurization components, each set of single-pump pressurization components consists of water inlet valve 16, water pump 17 The first set of single-pump pressurization components are sequentially connected by the first water inlet valve 16-1, the first water pump 17-1 and the first check valve 18-1. Assembly; the second set of single-pump pressurization assemblies are sequentially connected and assembled by the second water inlet valve 16-2, the second water pump 17-2 and the second check valve 18-2; the third set of single-pump pressurization assemblies are assembled by the third The water inlet valve 16-3, the third water pump 17-3 and the third check valve 18-3 are connected and assembled in sequence; the fourth set of single-pump pressurization assembly is composed of the fourth water inlet valve 16-4, the fourth water pump 17-4 Connected and assembled with the fourth check valve 18-4 in sequence; the fifth set of single-pump pressurization assemblies are sequentially connected and assembled by the fifth water inlet valve 16-5, the fifth water pump 17-5 and the fifth check valve 18-5; The sixth set of single-pump pressurization assemblies are sequentially connected and assembled by the sixth water inlet valve 16-6, the sixth water pump 17-6 and the sixth check valve 18-6, and the water pump and the check valve are respectively connected with the water head water supply control assembly. 15 is electrically connected, and the check valve is mechanically connected with the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe 13 by flanges.

The number of sets of the single-pump pressurizing components can be adjusted according to the required pressurized water head.

The water pump combination unit 9 adopts a multi-stage pump cascade configuration, wherein the water head of the first water pump 17-1 is 1.5-61 m, the water head of the second water pump 17-2 is 61-101 m, and the water head of the third water pump 17-3. The lift is 101-162m, the head lift of the fourth water pump 17-4 is 162-203m, the head lift of the fifth water pump 17-5 and the sixth water pump 17-6 is 203-350m, the water pump combination unit 9 is controlled by the control assembly 6 The control provides a continuous and stable pressurized water head in the range of 0-350m, the rated flow of each pump is 0-42m ³ /h, the maximum water supply flow of multi-pump joint control is 120m ³ /h, and the time from the start of the pump to reaching the predetermined working frequency is set It is 3s, and the pump is set to 15s from the time it is turned off to stop working.

Preferably, when the pressurized water head required for the test is smaller than the initial working pressurized water head of the first water pump 17-1, the opening degree of the electric regulating valve 11 is adjusted after the first water pump 17-1 is turned on, so as to control the amount of return water to stabilize Output the pressurized water head required for the test.

When the pressurized water head is less than 1.5m, the stability of the water pressure control by the water pump is poor. The present invention uses the first water pump 17-1 to continuously supply a water head value of 1.5m, and then adjusts the pressure supply water head by controlling the opening of the electric regulating valve 11. The greater the opening degree of the electric regulating valve 11, the smaller the water supply pressure head.

The head water supply control assembly 15 is a PLC control assembly.

Example 4

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 , 3 and 6 , the multipurpose permeameter 3 includes a water inlet end cavity 19 , a sample box 20 , and a water outlet end cavity 21 . The primer adhesive layer 22 and the water-swellable material rubber putty layer 23 formed by coating with the water-swellable material rubber putty are uniformly coated on the inner wall of the sample box 20 to form a primer-coating bond. The agent layer 22, the water-swellable material rubber putty is evenly coated on the primer adhesive layer 22 to form the water-swellable material rubber putty layer 23, and the number of sections of the sample box 20 is one, two or more. , and the water inlet end cavity 19, the sample box 20 and the water outlet end cavity 21 are sequentially assembled by flange connection along the horizontal or vertical direction, and the water outlet end cavity 21 is connected to the water seepage measuring device 4, the water inlet A permeable plate 47 is provided at the connection between the end cavity 19 , the sample box 20 and the water outlet cavity 21 . When the water inlet cavity 19 , the sample box 20 and the water outlet cavity 21 are connected in sequence along the horizontal direction, Carry out the horizontal penetration test; when the water inlet end cavity 19, the sample box 20 and the water outlet end cavity 21 are connected in sequence along the vertical direction, the vertical penetration test is carried out.

In the present invention, by adjusting the spatial arrangement of the water inlet end cavity 19, the sample box body 20 and the water outlet end cavity body 21, the horizontal penetration test and the vertical penetration test can be carried out. When the water outlet cavity 21 is connected in sequence in the horizontal direction, the horizontal penetration test can be carried out; when the water end cavity 19, the sample box 20 and the water outlet cavity 21 are connected in sequence in the vertical direction, the vertical penetration test can be carried out. The device completes two penetration tests, which greatly reduces the test cost.

The water inlet cavity 19 is used to balance the water pressure, so that the water pressure of the pressure section of the water inlet end of the sample is stable and balanced; the sample box 20 is used to fill the sample, which can meet the test of coarse particle soil with a maximum particle size of 300mm or less. The water outlet cavity 21 is used to collect the infiltration water of the sample section and ensure the free discharge of the water flow at the water outlet of the sample; the function of the water permeable plate 47 is to ensure that the test water can freely pass through the plate body, and the water permeable The plate 47 plays the role of supporting and shaping the sample.

Preferably, as shown in Figures 1 and 3, the water inlet cavity 19 is composed of a vertical penetration test water inlet 19-1, a horizontal penetration test water inlet 19-2, an exhaust pipe 19-3 and a water inlet steel plate surface cavity Body structure 19-4 is composed of vertical penetration test water inlet 19-1 vertically welded to the lower side of the left end face of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure 19-4, and horizontal penetration test water inlet 19-2 is vertically welded to the water inlet steel plate surface cavity The lower end face of the structure 19-4, the exhaust pipe 19-3 is vertically welded to the upper end face of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure 19-4, and the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure 19-4 is a square cavity; the water inlet The left end surface of the steel plate surface cavity structure 19-4 is provided with a vertical penetration support 24. When the water inlet end cavity 19, the sample box body 20 and the water outlet end cavity 21 are connected in sequence in the vertical direction, the water inlet end cavity 19 is arranged at the lowermost end, the water outlet end cavity 21 is arranged at the uppermost end, the vertical penetration support 24 is in contact with the fixed base or the ground, and the vertical penetration test is carried out; , horizontal penetration test water outlet 21-2, sand discharge pipe 21-3 and water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure 21-4, of which the vertical penetration test water outlet 21-1 is vertically welded to the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure 21-4. The end face, the horizontal penetration test water outlet 21-2 is vertically welded to the right side of the vertical penetration test water outlet 21-1, the sand discharge pipe 21-3 is vertically welded to the lower end face of the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure 21-4, and the water outlet steel plate surface cavity Structure 21-4 is a square cavity.

The vertical penetration test water inlet 19-1 is used for water input during the vertical penetration test, and the horizontal penetration test water inlet 19-2 is used for water input during the horizontal penetration test.

The vertical penetration test water inlet 21-1 and the horizontal penetration test water inlet 21-2 are used to connect the penetration instrument with the water pressure test water device, and the exhaust pipe 19-3 removes the water inlet cavity 19 and the pores when the sample is saturated. air.

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 , the sample box 20 includes a box main body 20-1, a cover plate 20-2 and a permeameter base 20-3, and the lower end surface of the box main body 20-1 is disposed on the On the permeameter base 20-3, the upper end face of the box body 20-1 is fixedly connected with the cover plate 20-2, the sample box body 20 is a square structure, the length is 1-5m, and the cross section is 1m×1m. The pressure measuring holes 25 are evenly distributed on the front and rear sides of the box body 20-1. The pressure measuring holes 25 are used for pre-embedding the pressure measuring extension pipe 48. The pressure measuring extension pipe 48 has a length of 25cm, and the pressure measuring extension pipe 48 is connected to external pressure. The sensor, the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control assembly 6, and the primer adhesive layer 22 and the water-swellable material rubber putty layer 23 are sequentially coated on the inner wall of the front side, the rear side and the bottom side of the box body 20-1. The adhesive coating layer 22 and the water-swellable material rubber putty layer 23 are sequentially coated on the inner wall of the cover plate 20-2 near the inner cavity of the box body 20-1; the box body 20-1 and the cover plate 20 -2 are all steel plates, and rib plates 26 are welded on the outside of the box body 20-1 and the cover plate 20-2. The rib plates 26 are arranged in a square with a distance of 10cm. The strength and stiffness of the rib plates 26 meet the test at a maximum of 3.5MPa Under the action of the water head, the deformation value of each section of the sample box 20 within a range of 2 m in length is less than 2 mm, which can avoid the influence of the deformation of the sample box 20 on the test.

As shown in Figures 1, 3, 4, and 5, the upper edges of the front and rear sides of the box body 20-1 are provided with an outer edge 20-1-1 of the box body, and the outer edges 20-1-1 of the box body are connected with The edges of the cover plate 20-2 are connected by the first perforated bolts 27, and the outer edge 20-1-1 of the box body and the cover plate 20-2 are arranged at corresponding positions close to the inner side of the first peripheral perforated bolts 27. There are grooves, and the first water-stop rubber rings 28 are arranged in the two corresponding grooves; the upstream and downstream end faces of the box body 20-1 are respectively connected to the flange joints 29, and the upstream and downstream edges of the cover plate 20-2 are connected to the flange joints 29. The flange joint 29 is connected by the inner steel nut bolt 30, and the cover plate 20-2 and the flange joint 29 are provided with grooves at corresponding positions on the inner side of the inner steel nut bolt 30, and two corresponding grooves are provided with second grooves. Waterstop rubber ring 31; the flange joints 29 of the two adjacent box bodies 20-1 are fully perforated through the second limb perforated bolts 32, and the two flange joints 29 are close to the second limb perforated bolts 32 A groove is provided at a corresponding position on the inner side of the two corresponding grooves, and a third water stop rubber ring 33 is provided in the two corresponding grooves, wherein the thickness of the flange joint 29 is 30-40 mm.

The box body 20-1 is used for filling samples, and the cover plate 20-2 is used for sealing the filled samples. The length of the sample box 20 is 1-3m, and the cross section is 1m×1m, which not only meets the requirements of the corresponding particle size of the test for the length and width of the sample, but also facilitates the preparation of the horizontal penetration test sample and the test operation.

The function of the rib plate 26 is to increase the overall strength and rigidity of the permeameter box to prevent serious displacement and deformation of the box under the action of high water pressure, thereby affecting the stability of the sample and the accuracy of the test; The strength and stiffness of the plate 7 meet the requirements of the maximum 3.5MPa test water head, the deformation value of each section of the sample box 20 within the range of 2m is less than 2mm, its role is to ensure that the test requirements are met, allowing an appropriate deformation value, saving At the same time, the allowable deformation value is in an acceptable state under the deformation compensation of the water-swellable rubber putty on the inner wall.

The permeable plate 47 is composed of a perforated steel plate welded outside the rib plate, and the rib plate is arranged on the perforated steel plate in a square shape. The coating thickness of the primer adhesive layer 22 is 0.3-0.8 mm, the primer adhesive is selected from HYT epoxy primer, and the coating thickness of the water-swellable material rubber putty layer 23 is 2-6 mm.

The opening diameter of the perforated steel plate is 8mm, which ensures that the fine particles in the sample have sufficient channel size to be carried out by the water flow, and at the same time, it can ensure the stability of the sample. Basically less than 8mm, the opening rate is 16-20%, in order to ensure the overall water permeability of the permeable plate, to prevent the opening rate from being too small, which affects the removal of seepage water from the sample, and the opening is too large to reduce the strength and rigidity of the perforated steel plate.

The primer adhesive has adhesive force to the inner wall of the sample box 20 and the rubber putty of the water-swellable material. The thickness of the primer adhesive is 0.3-0.8 mm, and the penetrating water pressure is 3.5 MPa. , between the sample box 20 of the permeameter and the primer adhesive, and between the primer adhesive and the rubber putty of the water-swellable material, the adhesion is firm, and no separation layer is generated.

As shown in FIG. 8 , the pressure measuring extension pipe 48 includes an outer filter screen 48-1, a filler 48-2, an inner filter screen 48-3, a rigid extension pipe 48-5, a flexible extension pipe 48-6, an exhaust gas The valve 48-8, the extension pipe switch valve 48-9, the flexible extension pipe 48-6, the rigid extension pipe 48-5 and the inner filter screen 48-3 are connected in sequence and arranged inside the pressure measuring hole 25 of the multipurpose permeameter 3, One end of the flexible extension tube 48-6 is connected to the pressure measuring hole 25 of the multipurpose permeameter 3 through the extension tube connection nut 48-7, and the outer filter screen 48-1 and the inner filter screen 48-3 are both open on one side A spherical shape, wherein the inner filter screen 48-3 is fitted inside the outer filter screen 48-1, and the outer filter screen 48-1 and the inner filter screen 48-3 are both connected to the rigid extension pipe 48-5 on one side of the opening, and the outer filter screen 48-1 and the inner filter screen 48-3 are connected to each other. The space enclosed between the mesh 48-1 and the inner filter mesh 48-3 is used for filling the filler 48-2, and the extension pipe on-off valve 48-9 and the exhaust valve 48-8 are both connected to the multipurpose permeameter 3 outside the pressure measuring hole 25, and the extension pipe on-off valve 48-9 and the exhaust valve 48-8 are both connected to the flexible extension pipe 48-6, the position of the exhaust valve 48-8 is higher than the extension pipe on-off valve 48-9, The pressure sensor is connected to the extension pipe switch valve 48-9, the outer wall of the rigid extension pipe 48-5 is sleeved with an annular steel sheet 48-4, and the outer walls of the rigid extension pipe 48-5 and the flexible extension pipe 48-6 are coated with Polyurethane elastic material.

The filler 48-2 is fine gravel, the particle size of the fine gravel is 2mm to 5mm, and the non-uniformity coefficient is less than 2; on the premise that the fine gravel does not run out of the filter screen, the fine gravel of this specification has the best filtering effect. .

The rigid extension tube 48-5 is made of a hollow 304 steel round tube, and its tensile strength is better than that of ordinary stainless steel materials, even reaching the effect of 520MPa. Due to its high strength, when the extension tube is buried in the sample In the middle and later stages, when faced with vibration shock, it can ensure that the extension tube is not deformed and has high safety. Because its own density is 7.93, it can adapt to the external environment when it is used, and it is not easy to rust. ; The number of the rigid extension tubes 48-5 is multiple, and the multiple rigid extension tubes 48-5 are connected in sequence.

The rigid extension tube 48-5 adopts a 304 material steel circular tube with a diameter of 2.0cm and a hollow wall thickness of 0.5cm; the outer diameter of the annular steel sheet 48-4 is 4.0cm and an inner diameter of 2.0cm; in actual use, the rigid extension tube The size of 48-5 and annular steel sheet 48-4 can be selected according to the actual situation, and the adaptability is good.

The annular steel sheet 48-4 is annularly welded on the outer wall of the rigid extension tube 48-5, which can effectively reduce the flow around the outer wall of the pressure measuring extension tube and the sample. The welding process is simple, the connection is tight and stable, and when connecting, there is no need to add additional connecting materials, and processes such as scribing, drilling, and assembly are not required, and the operation is simple.

The number of the annular steel sheets 48-4 is multiple, and the multiple annular steel sheets 48-4 are sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid extension pipe 48-5 at equal intervals; the number of the annular steel sheets 48-4 can be set as required , strong adaptability.

The flexible extension tube 48-6 adopts a pressure-resistant steel wire braided rubber hose. The pressure-resistant steel wire braided rubber hose can be adjusted by the direction and angle to provide the displacement of the extension tube. The pressure-resistant steel wire braided rubber hose bears high pressure and has excellent pulse performance. , The hose body is tightly combined, the use is soft, the deformation is small under pressure, and it has excellent bending resistance, fatigue resistance and aging resistance.

The polyurethane elastic material has adhesion to the rigid extension tube 48-5 and the flexible extension tube 48-6. When the sample is saturated, the polyurethane elastic material swells with water, and the rigid extension tube 48-5 and the flexible extension tube 48-6 and the test The sample contact is sufficiently dense, which can effectively reduce the gap and flow between the outer wall of the rigid extension tube 48-5 and the flexible extension tube 48-6 and the sample, improve the test accuracy and improve the test success rate; under the condition of 2.0MPa water pressure , the polyurethane elastic material is firmly bonded to the rigid extension tube 48-5 and the flexible extension tube 48-6.

The coating thickness of the water-swellable polyurethane material is 2.5-4 mm. Preferably, the coating thickness of the water-swellable polyurethane material is 3 mm. When the coating thickness of the water-swellable polyurethane material is 2.5-4mm, the gap and flow between the outer wall of the rigid extension tube 48-5 and the flexible extension tube 48-6 and the sample are minimized, the test accuracy is higher, and the test success rate is maximum.

The rigid extension pipe 48-5 and the flexible extension pipe 48-6 are connected by threads, and the flexible extension pipe 48-6 and the inner wall of the multipurpose osmometer 3 are connected by threads through the extension pipe connection nut 48-7; this connection is a detachable connection , Easy to install and disassemble, easy to operate.

The operating method of the pressure measuring extension tube 48 includes the following steps:

1) Combining the pressure measuring extension tube; including the following steps: firstly, the annular steel sheet 48-4 is sleeved on the outer wall of the rigid extension tube 48-5; then, the outer wall of the rigid extension tube 48-5 and the flexible extension tube 48- The outer wall of 6 is coated with polyurethane elastic material; then the right end of the flexible extension pipe 48-6 is connected to the rigid extension pipe 48-5; finally, the right end of the rigid extension pipe 48-5 is sequentially connected to the inner filter screen 48-3 and the outer filter screen from the inside to the outside. 48-1, filling material 48-2 between the inner filter screen 48-3 and the outer filter screen 48-1;

2) When the filling height of the sample in the permeameter is close to the measuring point, the left end of the flexible extension pipe 48-6 is connected to the inner wall of the pressure measuring hole 25 of the multipurpose permeameter 3;

3) After the test starts, open the exhaust valve 48-8 to remove the air in the flexible extension pipe 48-6, the rigid extension pipe 48-5 and the filler 48-2, and close the exhaust valve 48-8 when no air bubbles are removed. Exhaust valve 48-8;

4) Open the extension pipe switch valve 48-9, measure the water pressure inside the sample by the pressure sensor, and complete the pressure test.

Example 5

Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 7 , the water seepage measuring device 4 includes a water inlet pipe 34 , an electromagnetic flowmeter 35 , a water outlet valve 36 , a graduated cylinder water outlet 37 , an on-off valve 38 , a communication pipe 39 , and a drain pipe 40 , a large measuring cylinder 41, a small measuring cylinder 42, a magnetic flap remote level gauge 43, a measuring cylinder base 44, a small measuring cylinder drain valve 45 and a large measuring cylinder drain valve 46, one end of the water inlet pipe 34 is connected to the water outlet cavity 21, the other end of the water inlet pipe 34 is connected to the measuring cylinder water outlet 37, the pipeline between the water inlet pipe 34 and the measuring cylinder water outlet 37 is provided with an electromagnetic flowmeter 35 and a water outlet valve 36, the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder are provided. 42 are respectively vertically fixed on the measuring cylinder base 44, the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 communicate with each other through the communication pipe 39, the communication pipe 39 is provided with an on-off valve 38, and the small measuring cylinder 42 is connected to the magnetic The flap remote level gauge 43 is connected, the magnetic flap remote level gauge 43 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 35 are respectively electrically connected to the control assembly 6, and the bottoms of the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 are connected to the control assembly 6 through the drain pipe 40 respectively. The sedimentation tank 5 is connected, wherein the large measuring cylinder drain valve 46 is provided on the drain pipe 40 connected with the large measuring cylinder 41 and the sedimentation tank 5, and the small measuring cylinder drain valve 40 is provided on the drain pipe 40 connected with the sedimentation tank 5 45. There are two measuring cylinder water outlets 37, wherein the two measuring cylinder water outlets 37 are respectively arranged directly above the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42.

The water inlet pipe 34 includes a front water inlet pipe and a rear water inlet pipe, and the input end of the front water inlet pipe is connected to the vertical penetration test water outlet 21-1 of the multipurpose permeameter 3 through the first flange joint and the horizontal penetration test water outlet 21-2. , the output end of the front water inlet pipe is connected to the electromagnetic flowmeter 35 through two second flange joints, one of which is arranged at the input end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 35, and the other second flange joint is arranged at the electromagnetic flowmeter 35. The output end of the meter 35, the input end of the rear water inlet pipe is connected with the second flange joint arranged at the output end of the electromagnetic flowmeter 35, the output end of the rear water inlet pipe is connected to the water outlet 37 of the measuring cylinder, and the front water inlet pipe is close to the electromagnetic flowmeter. The inner diameter of the flow meter 35 gradually decreases in the direction of the flowmeter 35, and the inner diameter of the front water inlet pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the rear water inlet pipe. The front-end water inlet pipe is arranged to have a larger diameter near the water outlet of the permeation test, and a smaller diameter near the rear-end water inlet pipe, which can effectively ensure the measurement accuracy of the electromagnetic flowmeter 35 .

As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 are communicated through two communication pipes 39, one of which is arranged on the lower side of the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42, and the other The communicating pipe 39 is arranged on the upper side of the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42, the two communicating pipes 39 are parallel to each other, and the two communicating pipes 39 are provided with an on-off valve 38, and the two communicating pipes 39 are respectively connected to the measuring cylinder 39. The cartridge bases 44 are parallel.

Preferably, the heights of the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 are the same, and the diameter of the large measuring cylinder 41 is larger than the diameter of the small measuring cylinder 42 .

Preferably, the magnetic flap remote liquid level gauge 43 comprises a liquid level float, a magnetic flap, a measuring pipe column and a magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level gauge control assembly, wherein the measuring pipe string is communicated with the small measuring cylinder 42, The liquid level float ball is arranged in the measuring pipe column, and one side of the measuring pipe column is provided with a magnetic flap column composed of a plurality of magnetic flaps arranged in an arrangement, wherein the height of the magnetic flap column is the same as the height of the measuring pipe column, so The magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level gauge control assembly is arranged on the top of the measuring pipe column, wherein the magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level gauge control assembly is respectively electrically connected with a plurality of magnetic flaps, and the magnetic flap remote transmission liquid level gauge control assembly is Electrically connected to the control assembly 6, a scale is provided on one side of the magnetic flap column for observing the flip position of the magnetic flap at any time.

The magnetic flap remote-transmission liquid level gauge control component transmits the flip signal of the magnetic flap to the fully automatic data acquisition module, and any equipment that can realize this function can be used, and the fully automatic data acquisition module belongs to the prior art.

Example 6

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 1 , the control assembly 6 includes a PLC cabinet 6-1, a computer 6-2, a signal cable 6-3 and an operating system developed based on FLC software, wherein the operating system developed based on FLC software is installed in In the computer 6-2, a frequency converter and a digital display pressure transmitter are provided in the PLC cabinet 6-1, wherein the frequency converter and the digital display pressure transmitter are respectively connected with the operating system developed based on the FLC software, and the frequency converter and the digital pressure transmitter are respectively connected. The digital display pressure transmitter is connected with the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2, the multi-purpose permeameter 3 and the seepage measuring device 4 through the signal cable 6-3.

The operating system developed based on the FLC software is composed of a test pressure control module, a test data acquisition module, a test data processing module, a test data storage module and an equipment control module, wherein the test data acquisition module, the test data processing module and the test data storage module Connected in sequence, the test pressure control module is connected with the equipment control module, by inputting the test water pressure data, automatically collecting the water head pressure and seepage flow data at different observation points of the permeameter, and then outputting the permeation characteristic curve and permeation characteristic parameter data, for example: the control The component 6 automatically adjusts the water supply pressure by collecting the data of the pressure transmitter 10 and using the frequency converter to adjust the power of the water pump combination unit 9 and the opening of the electric regulating valve 11 .

Example 7

Step 1: Assemble the box, adjust the multipurpose permeameter 3 according to the length of the sample sample, set the multipurpose permeameter 3 along the horizontal direction when performing the horizontal penetration test, and set the multipurpose permeameter 3 along the vertical direction when performing the vertical penetration test. straight setting;

Step 2: Fill the sample, and fill the sample into the multipurpose permeameter 3;

Step 3: Test pressurization, control the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device 2 to open through the control component 6, and pressurize the water in the water storage tank 1 into the multi-purpose osmometer 3, and the seepage water from the multi-purpose osmometer 3 enters the amount of seepage water Then, the seepage water enters the sedimentation tank 5, and finally enters the water storage tank 1 for recycling.

Example 8

The horizontal penetration characteristic test is carried out on the cushion material and the reverse filter material with a maximum particle size of 200mm. The length of the cushion material is 3.0m, the length of the reverse filter material is 1.0m, the maximum water head of the test is 200m, and the initial slope of penetration should be 0.02 ～0.03, the increment value is 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30, 0.40, 0.50, 0.70, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, and then increment by 1.00～2.00.

Step 1, box assembly;

According to the sample length of the example, it is determined that two sample boxes 20 are required. According to the type of horizontal penetration test, the inlet cavity 19 , the sample box 20 and the outlet cavity 21 are connected and assembled horizontally through the flange joint 29 in sequence. , the vertical penetration test inlet 19-1 is sealed with a blocking plate.

Step 2, fill the sample:

The inner wall of the sample box 20 is painted with a primer adhesive layer 22 that has adhesion to both the steel plate and the flexible particle cementitious paint, and then the rubber putty layer 23 of the water-swellable material is pasted; fill the sample according to the test requirements , open the exhaust pipe 19-3 to saturate the sample with dripping water. After saturation, the sample is sealed with micro-expansion compensated shrinkage concrete. Before the initial setting of the concrete, tighten the bolts of the cover 2 is tightly sealed with the box body 20-1.

Step 3, test pressurization:

1) Open the water supply pipe 7 to fill the water storage tank 1 with water to 1.0m above the top of the pump cavity, open the water inlet valve (16-1~16-6), make sure that the water inlet valve 14 of the permeameter is in the closed state, and turn on the water pump (17 -1 to 17-6) of the exhaust valve, so that all the water pump chambers are filled with water, and the exhaust valve is closed when the water discharged from the exhaust valve is cylindrical and has no air bubbles; open the control assembly 6, check the pressure transmitter 10, the water pump The working state of the combination unit 9 and the electric regulating valve 11 ensures that all components work normally; check the tightness of all equipment to ensure that there is no leakage of the device, and open the horizontal penetration test water inlet 19-2 to pressurize the horizontal penetration test step by step.

2) Start the first water pump 17-1, adjust the opening of the electric regulating valve 11 according to the initial water head requirements of the test, and open the water inlet valve of the permeameter until the water head pressure displayed on the control interface of the control component 6 meets the pressurized water head required for the test 14 Carry out the test; according to the penetration slope required by the penetration test, increase the test pressurized water head by 0.06m by reducing the opening of the electric regulating valve 11, until the test pressurized water head is greater than the initial working pressure of the first water pump 17-1. At this time, the control component 6 automatically collects and stores the test parameters of the pressurized water head at all levels; when the pressurized water head required for the test is greater than the initial working pressurized water head of the first water pump 17-1, the first water pump 17- 1 Start, input the required pressure head value in the control component 6, the control component 6 automatically adjusts the working frequency of the first water pump 17-1 so that the pressurized water head of the first water pump 17-1 meets the test requirements, at this time the control component 6 Dynamically adjust the working frequency of the first water pump 17-1 and the opening of the electric regulating valve 11 according to the pressure at the water pump outlet end fed back by the pressure transmitter 10, and then maintain the output water pressure of the first water pump 17-1 under the test pressurized water head Stable, the tail water discharged under constant pressure is discharged into the water storage tank 1 through the drain pipe after the energy dissipation and pressure reduction of the electric regulating valve 11 and the secondary pressure reducing valve 12. During the test process, the control component 6 automatically collects and stores each The test parameters of the first stage pressurized water head; when the pressurized water head required for the test is greater than the maximum working pressurized water head of the first water pump 17-1, that is, when the pressurized water head is greater than 61m, the control component 6 automatically shuts down the first water pump 17-1, and passes the The first check valve 18-1 prevents the backflow of the water flow, starts the second water pump 17-2, and provides the pressurized water head value required for the test. The subsequent water head adjustment and pressure stabilization are as described above. According to the needs of the test water head, the second water pump is started in sequence. 17-2, the third water pump 17-3, and the fourth water pump 17-4 provide stable water head pressure for the test until the test pressurized water head reaches the required 200m; during this process, the seepage water from the multi-purpose permeameter 3 enters the seepage water volume The measuring device 4, then the seepage water enters the sedimentation tank 5, and finally enters the water storage tank 1 for recycling;

3) The diameter of the small measuring cylinder 42 is 15cm, and the diameter of the large measuring cylinder 41 is 30cm; when the amount of water seepage is small, the flow rate of the seepage water of the multipurpose permeameter 3 is small, and the single-cylinder method is used to measure the flow, and the large measuring cylinder 41 is closed. The on-off valve 38 between the small measuring cylinder 42 and the small measuring cylinder 42, the water flow enters the small measuring cylinder 42, the liquid level float rises with the rise of the water level, the magnetic flap turns correspondingly, and the control component 6 automatically records the liquid level at each interval time T Increase the increment, calculate the real-time water flow according to the input diameter (the liquid level rises in increments of 20cm within 30s, so the real-time water flow is 0.43m ³ /h); when the water level of the small measuring cylinder 42 is about to rise to the top surface of the cylinder, open the small measuring cylinder The drain valve 45 discharges water, and after the water in the cylinder is drained, close the drain valve 45 of the small measuring cylinder to continue the measurement;

When the water seepage exceeds the measurement limit of the single-cylinder method, change the mode setting of the control module 6 to the double-cylinder method measurement, input the diameter of the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 with a diameter of 30 cm and a diameter of 15 cm, and open the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder. The switch valve 38 between 42 ensures that the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 are connected, the liquid level float rises with the rise of the water level, the magnetic flap turns over accordingly, and the control assembly 6 automatically records the liquid at every interval. Surface rise increment, calculate the real-time water flow according to the input diameter (the liquid level rise increment is 20cm in 30s, so the real-time water flow is 2.12m ³ /h); when the water level of the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42 is about to rise to the top surface of the cylinder When measuring, open the large measuring cylinder drain valve 46 and the small measuring cylinder drain valve 45 to discharge water, and after the water in the cylinder is drained, close the large measuring cylinder drain valve 46 and the small measuring cylinder drain valve 45 to continue the measurement;

When the amount of water seepage continues to increase, open the large measuring cylinder drain valve 46 and the small measuring cylinder drain valve 45 under the large measuring cylinder 41 and the small measuring cylinder 42;

Step 4, Data Acquisition and Test Pressure Relief

1) Data collection:

Each time the water head is raised, after the water flow is stable, the control component 6 is used to collect the water pressure data of the pressure transmitter 10 and upload it to the test data acquisition module, and collect the flow data of the electromagnetic flowmeter 35 and the magnetic flap remote liquid level meter 43 And upload it to the test data acquisition module, draw the hydraulic gradient i and seepage velocity v curve lgi-lgv curve in time, and adjust the duration of each level of water head and the difference of the water head in time according to the curve changes.

2) Test pressure relief

After the test is completed, in order to maintain the stability of the sample in the multi-purpose permeameter 3 and the safety of the equipment, the ultra-high water head penetration test adopts a step-by-step slow pressure relief, the water pressure of each stage decreases by no more than 10m, and the interval between adjacent two stages is 5min. When the pressure reaches 5m head, close the valve 43 in time; until the pressure is released to 0m head, save the test data, and close the control assembly 6.

Test verification:

Using the test system and test method of the above embodiment 8, the pressure supply capacity and stable pressure capacity of the super-high head permeability test head pressurizing device during the implementation process were measured, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

Table 1 The test results of the voltage supply capability and voltage stabilization capability of Example 8

As can be seen from Table 1, the pressurized water head of the present invention is from 1m to 200m, the difference between the maximum data value and the minimum data difference under each water head value is small, and the standard deviation of accuracy is small, so the stable pressure capability is strong, the water pressure fluctuation is small, and the supply Strong pressure capacity, can reach 200m of pressurized water head.

Example 9

The horizontal permeability characteristic test of a dam filling material transition material requires a maximum test head pressure of 220m. The gradation curve of the filling material transition material is shown in Figure 9 and the sample preparation standard is shown in Table 2. The effective permeability of the sample is 4m.

Table 2 The test sample preparation standard for the penetration characteristics of the transition material of the original graded filling material

填筑料类别Type of filling material	制样干密度(g/cm ³) Sample dry density (g/cm ³ )	相对密度(Dr)Relative density (Dr)
过渡料transition material	2.362.36	0.950.95

The test method of the present invention is used to carry out the experimental research on the penetration deformation of the original graded filling material for the filling material transition material. The gradation curve is shown in Figure 9, and the sample preparation control standard is shown in Table 2. 20 The D ₈₅ of the sample is required to be no more than 300mm. The maximum particle size of the original gradation D ₈₅ of the dam transition material is less than 200mm. Therefore, the 1m×1m combined sample box 20 can meet the requirements of the permeability test in the regulations. The test water head pressure is required to be 220m, and the water pressure value of the test method of the present invention is set to be no more than 350m, which meets the requirements of the example; the test seepage diameter is required to be 4m, so two sections of 2m long sample boxes 20 are used, and two sections of sample boxes are used. The body 20 is flanged.

The inner side walls of the sample box 20 are painted with a primer adhesive layer 22 and a water-swellable rubber putty layer 23 to reduce the direct contact gap between the filling material and the steel plate of the sample box 20 and reduce the flow around the side walls.

The transition material sample is prepared by using a variable frequency surface vibrator, and its tamping plate is a square steel plate with a thickness of 0.5m × 0.5m and a thickness of 2.5cm. The vibration frequency is determined to be 35~40HZ; The thickness is 25cm, the depth of rough surface treatment between layers is 1.5cm, and the pressure measuring extension tube is pre-buried in the process of layered vibration compaction.

The drip saturation holes are respectively 0m, 1m, 2m, 3m, and 4m away from the water inlet of the sample box 20 for drip saturation. The rising rate of the saturated water level is controlled at 4cm-5cm/h, and the final saturated water level is 1cm higher than the sample surface. .

Connect the water inlet of the multipurpose permeameter 3 to the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device 2, the water outlet of the multipurpose permeameter 3 to the water seepage measuring device 4, and the output end of the seepage measuring device 4 to the sedimentation tank 5, and the sedimentation tank 5. The output end is connected to the input end of the water storage tank 1, the output end of the water storage tank 1 is connected to the intelligent pressure stabilizer device 2, and the intelligent pressure stabilizer device 2, the multi-purpose permeameter 3 and the seepage measuring device 4 are respectively connected to the The control assembly 6 is electrically connected to debug the water head pressure sensor at 3 of the multi-purpose permeameter, and the above-mentioned equipment is exhausted and the measurement reference value is adjusted;

The sealing material adopts the slow-setting early-strength micro-expansion cement mortar to seal the sample, in which the mass ratio of cement, medium sand and water is 1:2.5:0.5:0.2, and the amount of expansion agent is 1.2% of the cement mass. The fastening of the box body 20-1 and the cover plate 20-2 is completed within 0.5h after the strong micro-expansion cement mortar seals the filling material.

Start the horizontal permeability characteristic test, gradually increase the test head to the design head pressure value, and record and collect the test process parameters of the horizontal permeability characteristic of the sample by the control component 6 .

The test results are as follows:

Through the analysis of the readings of each pressure sensor during the test, the lgi-lgv relationship curve is drawn for the data of the sub-sections of the horizontal penetration deformation test results of the transition material, as shown in Figure 10. According to the method of the present invention, the critical slope and failure slope parameters of the seepage deformation test are determined, and the results of the horizontal seepage deformation test are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 Summary table of results of horizontal penetration deformation test of transition material

As shown in Figure 10, the dynamic evolution process of the test is analyzed. When the pressurized water head is 3.00m to 20.00m, along the water flow direction of the sample, the overall distribution of the water head value readings of the pressure sensors at each observation section is a decreasing distribution with large discreteness. ; When the test water head is greater than 20.00m, with the increase of the water head, the sample is gradually destroyed, and the sample section at the front of the transition material is gradually penetrated, and the pressure sensor at the water outlet always maintains the water head value of the free liquid surface height of the water outlet, so that the final The water head difference between the sample sections of the two pressure measuring sections continues to increase, and the slope value of the sample section of the pressure measuring section continues to increase; the test water head continues to increase, and the seepage lgi-lgv curve turns several times until the test water head is 145.17m. The lgi-lgv curve of the overall sample penetration still shows a folded upward trend, but the infiltration outflow does not increase significantly at this time. The slope of the lgi-lgv relationship curve in the deformation test keeps increasing, and the permeability coefficient decreases gradually.

As shown in Table 3, the permeability coefficient is determined by the linear straight line segment (the straight line segment before the critical slope) of the lgi-lgv relationship curve for a period of time, and the obtained permeability coefficient is 8.88×10 ^-3 cm/s; the critical slope drop Determined by the turning section of the lgi-lgv relationship curve shifting to the right, the critical slope is 0.95; the failure slope is determined by the beginning of many obvious turning points of the lgi-lgv relationship curve, and the failure slope is 13.10.

The data of permeability coefficient, critical slope and damage slope obtained by the present invention are closer to the real values, because various possibilities of causing errors are avoided in the test process, so the results of the permeability test are more accurate and reliable.

Example 10

The vertical permeability characteristics test of a sand and gravel filling material cushion material, the evolution process of the vertical permeability characteristics test of the sand and gravel filling material cushion material is studied. See Table 4, the effective penetration diameter of the sample is 1m.

Table 4 Standard for sample preparation for the test of the permeability characteristics of the original graded cushion material of the filling material

填筑料类别Fill Type	制样干密度(g/cm ³) Sample dry density (g/cm ³ )	相对密度(Dr)Relative density (Dr)
垫层料cushion material	2.322.32	0.950.95

experiment procedure:

The test method of the present invention is used to carry out the original gradation filling material penetration deformation test research on the filling material cushion material. The gradation curve is shown in Figure 11, and the sample preparation control standard is shown in Table 4. Body 20 requires that the D ₈₅ of the sample is not greater than 300mm, and the maximum particle size of the original graded cushion material D ₈₅ is less than 100mm, so the permeameter meets the requirements of the permeation characteristic test in the regulations, and the maximum water head pressure required for this test is 100m. , the water pressure value of the test method of the present invention is set to be no more than 350m, which meets the requirements of the example. The effective penetration diameter of the sample is 1m, and a section of 20 sample boxes can meet the requirements;

The inner wall of the sample box 20 is treated; the inner side wall of the sample box 20 is brushed with a primer adhesive layer 22 and a water-swellable rubber putty layer 23 to reduce the direct contact gap between the sample and the steel plate of the penetrator box , reduce the flow around the side wall;

According to the requirements of the penetration test, the filling material is sampled. Since the maximum particle size of the cushion material is 70mm, the thickness of the layered sample preparation is determined to be 150mm; in order to achieve the sample preparation density required by the test, the sample preparation uses a non-standard frequency conversion surface vibrator , layered vibration compaction, the pressure measuring extension tube 48 is embedded in the process, and the test water head value inside the sample is measured;

The sample is saturated by dripping water from the saturation hole at the bottom of the multi-purpose permeameter 3. At this time, the pressure measuring hole 25 is opened for exhausting; the sample saturation rate is controlled to 1 mm/min, and the pressure measuring hole 25 is to be saturated to a relative height after the sample is saturated. At the time, close the valve of the pressure measuring hole 25 until the sample is saturated until water flows out of the water outlet of the vertical penetration test;

Carry out the vertical permeability characteristic test, turn on the intelligent pressure stabilizer 2, gradually increase the test head to the design head pressure value, record and collect the test process parameters of the vertical permeability characteristic of the filling material by the control component 6, and conduct the permeability coefficient, seepage slope and For the analysis of seepage velocity parameters, the lgi-lgv curve was drawn according to seepage gradient and seepage flow velocity, which was used to observe the dynamic evolution of the vertical seepage test.

The test results are as follows:

By analyzing the readings of each pressure sensor during the test, draw the lgi ~ lgυ relationship curve, as shown in Figure 12. The critical slope and failure slope parameters of the seepage deformation test were determined according to the regulations and methods. The test results are shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Vertical penetration deformation test results of cushion material

As shown in Figure 12, the dynamic evolution process of the test is analyzed according to the readings of each pressure sensor. When the pressurized water head is 3.00 m, along the water flow direction of the sample, the readings of the water head value of each observation section of the pressure measuring sensor show a decreasing distribution as a whole; As the water head increases, particle adjustment occurs gradually inside the sample, and the permeation lgi-lgv curve shifts to the right; continue to increase the test water head, the sample is gradually destroyed, and the readings of the pressure sensor are gradually the same, but the water head value of the pressure sensor close to the downstream permeable plate There is almost no increase, so that the water head difference of the sample section of the last two pressure measuring sections continues to increase, and the slope value of this sample section continues to increase; continue to increase the test water head, the seepage lgi-lgv curve turns several times until the test water head is 100.5 When m, the lgi-lgv curve of the overall sample penetration still shows a folded upward trend.

As shown in Table 5, the permeability coefficient is determined by the linear straight line segment (the straight line segment before the critical slope) of the lgi-lgv relationship curve for a period of time, and the obtained permeability coefficient is 1.14×10 ^-3 cm/s; the critical slope drop Determined by the turning section of the lgi-lgv relationship curve shifting to the right, the critical slope is 1.76; the failure slope is determined by the beginning of many obvious turns of the lgi-lgv relationship curve, and the failure slope is 11.25.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention includes a water storage tank 1, an intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2, a multi-purpose permeameter 3, a water seepage measuring device 4, a sedimentation tank 5 and a control assembly 6. The water supply pipe 7 is connected to the water inlet of the water storage tank 1, and the storage The water outlet of the water tank 1 is connected with the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 through the connecting water pipe 8, and the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device 2 is connected with the control component 6 through the signal cable 6-3. The steel pipe 13 is connected to the vertical penetration test water inlet 19-1 and the horizontal penetration test water inlet 19-2 of the multi-purpose permeameter 3. The outer side of the multi-purpose permeameter 3 is provided with a plurality of pressure measuring holes 25. The pressure measuring holes 25 It is used for pre-embedding the pressure measuring extension pipe. The length of the pressure measuring extension pipe is 25cm. The pressure measuring extension pipe is connected to a pressure sensor. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the control assembly 6. The vertical penetration test water outlet 21-1 and the horizontal penetration test water outlet 21- 2 Connect with the water seepage measuring device 4 through the water inlet pipe 34, the seepage measuring device 4 is connected with the sedimentation tank 5, and the sedimentation tank 5 is connected with the water storage tank 1 through the connecting water pipe 8 to form a circulating water system, an intelligent pressure stabilizer device 2, the pressure sensor and the water seepage measuring device 4 are connected with the control assembly 6 through the signal cable 6-3 to feed back the test data to complete the horizontal or vertical penetration test.

The cross-sectional size of the sample box of the multi-purpose permeameter of the invention is enlarged, which is 1m × 1m, which can meet the penetration characteristic test of the original grade filling material with a maximum particle size of 300mm, and the sample preparation standard is highly controllable. The sample operation is convenient and quick, avoids the scaling effect, and can accurately reflect the actual situation; the multi-purpose penetrometer of the present invention adopts the structural design of steel plate welded rib plates, and the rib plates are arranged in a square with a spacing of 10 cm, which improves the strength and rigidity of the multi-purpose penetrometer. Penetration characteristics test with a maximum test water pressure of 3.5MPa can be carried out.

The inner wall of the sample box of the multi-purpose penetrometer of the invention is sequentially coated with a primer adhesive layer and a water-swellable material rubber putty layer. All layers have cohesive force. When the sample is saturated, the flexible particle gel coating layer expands and deforms after encountering water, and fills all the irregular surfaces and cavities of the contact surface between the inner wall of the sample box of the present invention and the sample. And the gap, and at the same time generate a large contact pressure, thereby reducing the seepage of the side wall during the penetration test, making the penetration test more in line with the actual situation, and the penetration test results are more accurate and reliable; and the coating can be reused, simplifying the test operation steps and saving materials, saving the cost of testing.

The water seepage measuring device of the present invention is used in combination with a magnetic flap remote-transmission liquid level meter and an electromagnetic flowmeter, and under the premise of satisfying the precision and accuracy of the seepage amount measurement, the flow measurement range is expanded. When the seepage amount is small, The magnetic flap remote level gauge is used for single-tube measurement. When the amount of water seepage is large, the magnetic flap remote level gauge is used for double-tube measurement. When the seepage continues to increase, the electromagnetic flowmeter is used for measurement. , to meet the measurement requirements of large-scale infiltration meter under the action of different test water heads, and when the magnetic flap remote level meter measures the flow, two modes of single-cylinder method measurement and double-cylinder method measurement are also set, which expands the magnetic field. The flip-plate remote liquid level meter is suitable for the range of the range, while ensuring sufficient accuracy, high measurement accuracy and automation, and a wide range of applications; the seepage measurement device can change the measurement mode. The automatic data acquisition module has a high degree of automation and is easy to operate. The utility model is convenient, that is, the accuracy of the water seepage measurement in the penetration deformation test is improved, the test efficiency is improved, and the manpower and the test cost are reduced at the same time.

The water pump combination unit of the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device of the present invention can provide a continuous and stable test water head in the range of 0-350m, and the tail water pressure reducing component includes an electric regulating valve and a secondary pressure reducing valve to ensure that the tail water is discharged into the storage water at a low pressure Through the multi-stage water pump cascade configuration and combination mode, the present invention can provide the test water head from low pressure to high pressure water head in the range of 0 to 350m, the water supply pressure is stable, the pressure range is wide, the pressure control is high precision, the degree of automation is high, and the problem of high The problem of water supply pressure in indoor osmosis test of water head.

The invention provides an intelligent system for multi-purpose penetration deformation test, which has high test accuracy, high degree of automation, reduces errors caused by human operation, and is simple to operate. It can also carry out vertical penetration test and realize multi-purpose in one box, which can more scientifically analyze the results of vertical and horizontal penetration test of the same model, which greatly saves the cost.

The pressure measuring extension tube of the invention can measure the water pressure inside the penetration test sample, which effectively improves the accuracy of the measurement results; and the pressure measuring extension tube can be reused, not only in simple structure and convenient use, but also can be adjusted and extended according to test requirements. The length of the tube; the outer wall of the extension tube is coated with water-swellable polyurethane material and welded annular steel sheets, which can effectively reduce the gap and flow between the outer wall of the extension tube and the sample, improve the test accuracy and improve the test success rate; The flexible extension tube that presses the extension tube can provide displacement by adjusting the direction and angle to meet the displacement requirements of the sample during the preparation process.

The present invention simulates the actual dam body retaining water head, and is equipped with a high-precision measurement acquisition and data processing system, which can realize the original gradation and permeability characteristics test of the filling material under different conditions, and measure the sand and gravel filling of the earth-rock dam. It can provide more reliable technical parameters for the analysis and evaluation of the seepage stability of the high-face dam body. Therefore, the large-scale permeability test is the most direct way to determine the permeability of the soil. One of the most reliable methods.

The invention utilizes the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device and the constant-pressure water source control component to continuously conduct the penetration stability test on the filling material, and verifies the penetration reliability of the original graded filling material sample under the action of high water head for a long time. Compared with the existing traditional permeation characteristic test pressurizing device, the invention can provide stable water head pressure, and the water pressure fluctuation is less than 0.5% of the working pressure.

The control assembly of the invention realizes the multi-channel real-time automatic collection of the head pressure and the corresponding flow rate in the high head pressure range and the large flow range of the seepage deformation test, and ensures the water pressure data collection of each section and the seepage flow collection at the same time. Consistency, avoiding the time difference and reading error of manually collecting the pressure data of each section and the outlet flow, solving the problem that the conventional pressure measuring tube cannot measure the high head pressure and the measuring cylinder cannot measure the permeate flow of the large flow, and also improves the Accuracy and efficiency of data collection.

Compared with the existing traditional permeation characteristic test pressurizing device, the invention has a high degree of automation. When the intelligent pressurizing and stabilizing device is activated, the operator only needs to operate the control component on the computer to set the required water pressure, and the pressure is transmitted by the pressure transmitter. The device 10 and the electric regulating valve 11 automatically adjust the water supply pressure together, and the control assembly 6 can automatically collect and store test parameters such as test pressure.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Numerous other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Components and structures not described in detail in this embodiment belong to well-known components and common structures or common means in the industry, and will not be described one by one here.

Claims

An intelligent system for multi-purpose penetration deformation test, characterized in that it comprises a water storage tank (1), an intelligent pressure-stabilizing device (2), a multi-purpose permeameter (3), a water seepage measuring device (4), and a sedimentation device (4). The pool (5) and the control assembly (6), the output end of the water storage tank (1) is connected to the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device (2), and the output end of the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device (2) is connected to the multipurpose permeameter (3) ), the output end of the multipurpose permeameter (3) is connected to the water seepage measuring device (4), the output end of the seepage measuring device (4) is connected to the sedimentation tank (5), and the output end of the sedimentation tank (5) is connected to the storage tank (5). The input end of the water tank (1), the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device (2), the multi-purpose permeameter (3) and the water seepage measuring device (4) are respectively electrically connected with the control assembly (6).
A multi-purpose osmotic deformation test intelligent system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input end of the water storage tank (1) is connected to the water supply pipeline through the water supply pipe (7), and the output of the water storage tank (1) The end is connected to the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device (2) through the connecting water pipe (8).
A multipurpose intelligent system for penetration deformation test according to claim 2, characterized in that: the intelligent pressure-stabilizing device (2) comprises a water pump combination unit (9), a pressure transmitter (10), an electric regulator valve (11), secondary pressure reducing valve (12), pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe (13), permeameter inlet valve (14) and water head water supply control assembly (15), the output of the water storage tank (1) The end is connected to the water pump combination unit (9) through the connecting water pipe (8), and the output end of the water pump combination unit (9) is connected to the permeameter water inlet valve (14) through the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe (13), and the permeameter water inlet valve (14). ) is connected to the multi-purpose permeameter (3), and a pressure transmitter (10) is provided on the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe (13) between the water pump combination unit (9) and the permeameter inlet valve (14). ), the output end of the water pump combination unit (9) is also connected to the electric regulating valve (11), the output end of the electric regulating valve (11) is connected to the secondary pressure reducing valve (12), and the The output end is connected to the input end of the water storage tank (1), the water pump combination unit (9), the pressure transmitter (10) and the electric regulating valve (11) are respectively electrically connected with the water head water supply control assembly (15), and the water head water supply The control assembly (15) is electrically connected to the control assembly (6).
A multi-purpose intelligent system for penetration deformation test according to claim 3, characterized in that: the water pump combination unit (9) is composed of six sets of single-pump pressurization assemblies in parallel, and the first set of single-pump pressurization assemblies are respectively , the second set of single-pump pressurization components, the third set of single-pump pressurization components, the fourth set of single-pump pressurization components, the fifth set of single-pump pressurization components, and the sixth set of single-pump pressurization components, each with a single pump The pressurizing components are all connected and assembled by a water inlet valve (16), a water pump (17) and a check valve (18) through a hydraulic pipeline in sequence; the first set of single-pump pressurizing components is connected by a first water inlet valve (16- 1) The first water pump (17-1) and the first check valve (18-1) are connected and assembled in sequence; 17-2) and the second check valve (18-2) are connected and assembled in sequence; the third set of single-pump pressurization assembly consists of the third water inlet valve (16-3), the third water pump (17-3) and the third The check valve (18-3) is connected and assembled in sequence; the fourth set of single-pump pressurization assembly consists of the fourth water inlet valve (16-4), the fourth water pump (17-4) and the fourth check valve (18-4) ) are sequentially connected and assembled; the fifth set of single-pump pressurization components are sequentially connected and assembled by the fifth water inlet valve (16-5), the fifth water pump (17-5) and the fifth check valve (18-5); the sixth A set of single-pump pressurization components are sequentially connected and assembled by a sixth water inlet valve (16-6), a sixth water pump (17-6) and a sixth check valve (18-6), the water pump and the check valve are respectively connected with The head water supply control assembly (15) is electrically connected, and the check valves are respectively connected with the pressure-resistant seamless steel pipe (13) by flange mechanical connection; the water pump combination unit (9) adopts a multi-stage pump cascade configuration, wherein the first water pump (17) -1) The head lift is 1.5~61m, the head lift of the second water pump (17-2) is 61~101m, the head lift of the third water pump (17-3) is 101~162m, and the fourth water pump (17-4 ) of 162-203m, the fifth water pump (17-5) and the sixth water pump (17-6) have a water head and lift of 203-350m, the water pump combination unit (9) is controlled by the control assembly (6) to provide Continuous and stable pressurized water head in the range of 0 to 350m.
A multipurpose infiltration deformation test intelligent system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the multipurpose infiltrator (3) comprises a water inlet end cavity (19), a sample box (20), a water outlet end A cavity (21), a primer adhesive layer (22) formed by coating with a primer adhesive, and a water-swellable material rubber putty layer (23) formed by coating with a water-swellable material rubber putty, the The primer adhesive is evenly coated on the inner wall of the sample box (20) to form a primer adhesive layer (22), and the water-swellable material rubber putty is evenly coated on the primer adhesive layer (22) to form a water-swellable adhesive layer (22). The expansion material rubber putty layer (23), the number of sections of the sample box (20) is one, two or more, and the water inlet cavity (19), the sample box (20) and the water outlet The end cavity (21) is assembled by flange connection in sequence along the horizontal or vertical direction, the water outlet end cavity (21) is connected to the water seepage measuring device (4), the water inlet end cavity (19), the sample box A permeable plate (47) is provided at the connection between the body (20) and the water outlet cavity (21), when the water inlet cavity (19), the sample box (20) and the water outlet cavity (21) are in the horizontal direction When connected in sequence, perform a horizontal penetration test; when the water inlet end cavity (19), the sample box (20) and the water outlet end chamber (21) are sequentially connected in the vertical direction, perform a vertical penetration test.
A multipurpose intelligent system for penetration deformation test according to claim 5, characterized in that: the water inlet cavity (19) is composed of a vertical penetration test water inlet (19-1) and a horizontal penetration test water inlet (19). -2), exhaust pipe (19-3) and water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure (19-4), the vertical penetration test water inlet (19-1) is vertically welded to the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure (19- 4) On the lower side of the left end face, the horizontal penetration test water inlet (19-2) is vertically welded to the lower end face of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure (19-4), and the exhaust pipe (19-3) is vertically welded to the water inlet On the upper end face of the steel plate surface cavity structure (19-4), the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure (19-4) is a square cavity; the left end surface of the water inlet steel plate surface cavity structure (19-4) is provided with a vertical penetration The support (24), when the water inlet end cavity (19), the sample box body (20) and the water outlet end cavity (21) are connected in sequence along the vertical direction, the water inlet end cavity (19) is arranged at the most The lower end, the water outlet cavity (21) is arranged at the uppermost end, the vertical penetration support (24) is in contact with the fixed base or the ground, and the vertical penetration test is carried out; 21-1), horizontal penetration test water outlet (21-2), sand discharge pipe (21-3) and water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure (21-4), of which the vertical penetration test water outlet (21-1) is vertical Welded on the upper end face of the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure (21-4), the horizontal penetration test water outlet (21-2) is vertically welded to the right side of the vertical penetration test water outlet (21-1), and the sand discharge pipe (21-3) It is welded vertically to the lower end face of the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure (21-4), and the water outlet steel plate surface cavity structure (21-4) is a square cavity.
A multipurpose intelligent system for penetration deformation test according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sample box (20) comprises a box body (20-1), a cover plate (20-2) and a permeameter The base (20-3), the lower end surface of the box body (20-1) is arranged on the permeameter base (20-3), and the upper end surface of the box body (20-1) is fixed to the cover plate (20-2) connection, the sample box (20) has a square structure, the length is 1-5m, the cross section is 1m×1m, and pressure measuring holes (25) are evenly distributed on the front and rear sides of the box body (20-1). ), the pressure measuring hole (25) is used for pre-embedding the pressure measuring extension pipe (48), the pressure measuring extension pipe (48) is connected to a pressure sensor, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the control assembly (6), and the primer adhesive layer (22) and the water-swellable material rubber putty layer (23) are sequentially coated on the inner walls of the front side, rear side and bottom side of the box body (20-1), and the primer layer (22) and the water-swellable material are coated with The rubber putty layer (23) is sequentially coated on the inner wall of the cover plate (20-2) on one side close to the inner cavity of the box body (20-1); the box body (20-1) and the cover plate (20-2) ) are steel plates, and rib plates (26) are welded to the outside of the box body (20-1) and the cover plate (20-2); The outer edge (20-1-1) of the body main body, the outer edge (20-1-1) of the box body and the edge of the cover plate (20-2) are fully perforated through the perforated bolts (27) on the first limbs. The outer edge (20-1-1) of the box body and the cover plate (20-2) are provided with grooves at corresponding positions close to the inner side of the first limb perforated bolt (27), and the two corresponding grooves are provided with first grooves. A water stop rubber ring (28); the upstream and downstream end faces of the box body (20-1) are respectively connected to flange joints (29), and the upstream and downstream edges of the cover plate (20-2) and the flange joints (29) pass through steel plates The inner nut bolts (30) are connected, and the cover plate (20-2) and the flange joint (29) are provided with grooves at corresponding positions on the inner side of the steel plate inner nut bolts (30), and two corresponding grooves are provided in the grooves. There is a second water-stop rubber ring (31); the flange joints (29) of the two adjacent box bodies (20-1) are fully perforated by the second perforated bolts (32) on the adjacent side, and the two flange joints (20-1) are fully perforated. The flange joint (29) is provided with a groove at a corresponding position on the inner side of the second limb perforated bolt (32), and a third water stop rubber ring (33) is arranged in the two corresponding grooves, wherein the flange joint (29) The thickness of the perforated steel plate is 30-40mm; the permeable plate (47) is composed of a perforated steel plate welded outside the rib plate, and the rib plate is arranged on the perforated steel plate in a square shape. The porosity is 16-20%; the coating thickness of the primer adhesive layer (22) is 0.3-0.8 mm, the primer adhesive is selected from HYT epoxy primer, and the water-swellable material rubber putty The coating thickness of the layer (23) is 2 to 6 mm; the pressure measuring extension tube (48) is covered with Including outer filter (48-1), filler (48-2), inner filter (48-3), rigid extension tube (48-5), flexible extension tube (48-6), exhaust valve (48) -8) and the extension tube on-off valve (48-9), the flexible extension tube (48-6), the rigid extension tube (48-5) and the inner filter screen (48-3) are connected in sequence and set in the multipurpose permeameter ( 3) inside the pressure measuring hole (25), wherein one end of the flexible extension pipe (48-6) is connected to the pressure measuring hole (25) of the multipurpose osmometer (3) through the extension pipe connecting nut (48-7), so Both the outer filter screen (48-1) and the inner filter screen (48-3) are spherical with one side open, wherein the inner filter screen (48-3) is sleeved inside the outer filter screen (48-1), and the outer filter screen (48-3) is sleeved inside the outer filter screen (48-1). The opening sides of the filter screen (48-1) and the inner filter screen (48-3) are both communicated with the rigid extension pipe (48-5), and between the outer filter screen (48-1) and the inner filter screen (48-3) The enclosed space is used for filling the filler (48-2), and the extension pipe on-off valve (48-9) and the exhaust valve (48-8) are both connected to the pressure measuring hole of the multi-purpose permeameter (3). (25) outside, and both the extension pipe switch valve (48-9) and the exhaust valve (48-8) are connected to the flexible extension pipe (48-6), and the position of the exhaust valve (48-8) is higher than the extension pipe switch The valve (48-9), the pressure sensor is connected to the extension pipe switch valve (48-9), the outer wall of the rigid extension pipe (48-5) is sleeved with an annular steel sheet (48-4), the rigid extension pipe (48) -5) and the outer wall of the flexible extension tube (48-6) are coated with polyurethane elastic material.
A multipurpose intelligent system for penetration deformation test according to claim 5, characterized in that: the water penetration measurement device (4) comprises a water inlet pipe (34), an electromagnetic flowmeter (35), and a water outlet valve (36). ), measuring cylinder water outlet (37), on-off valve (38), connecting pipe (39), drain pipe (40), large measuring cylinder (41), small measuring cylinder (42), magnetic flap remote transmission level gauge ( 43), the measuring cylinder base (44), the small measuring cylinder drain valve (45) and the large measuring cylinder drain valve (46), one end of the water inlet pipe (34) is connected to the water outlet cavity (21), and the other One end is connected to the measuring cylinder water outlet (37), and the pipeline between the water inlet pipe (34) and the measuring cylinder water outlet (37) is provided with an electromagnetic flowmeter (35) and a water outlet valve (36). 41) and the small measuring cylinder (42) are respectively vertically fixed on the measuring cylinder base (44), the large measuring cylinder (41) and the small measuring cylinder (42) are communicated through a communication pipe (39), and the communication pipe (39) is provided with an on-off valve (38), the small measuring cylinder (42) is connected with the magnetic flap remote level gauge (43), the magnetic flap remote level gauge (43) and the electromagnetic flowmeter ( 35) are respectively electrically connected to the control assembly (6), the bottoms of the large measuring cylinder (41) and the small measuring cylinder (42) are respectively connected to the sedimentation tank (5) through the drain pipe (40), wherein the large measuring cylinder (41) A large measuring cylinder drain valve (46) is provided on the drain pipe (40) connected with the sedimentation tank (5), and a small measuring cylinder is provided on the drain pipe (40) connecting the small measuring cylinder (42) with the sedimentation tank (5). The drain valve (45) has two measuring cylinder water outlets (37), wherein the two measuring cylinder water outlets (37) are respectively arranged directly above the large measuring cylinder (41) and the small measuring cylinder (42).
A multipurpose intelligent system for penetration deformation test according to claim 8, characterized in that: the control assembly (6) comprises a PLC cabinet (6-1), a computer (6-2), a signal cable (6-3) ) and an operating system developed based on FLC software, wherein the operating system developed based on FLC software is installed in the computer (6-2), and the PLC cabinet (6-1) is provided with a frequency converter and a digital pressure transmitter, wherein the frequency converter The frequency converter and the digital display pressure transmitter are respectively connected with the operating system developed based on the FLC software, and the frequency converter and the digital display pressure transmitter are connected with the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device (2), multiple Purpose The permeameter (3) is connected with the water seepage measuring device (4).
A working method of the multipurpose penetration deformation test intelligent system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

Step 1: Assemble the box, adjust the multi-purpose permeameter (3) according to the length of the sample sample, set the multi-purpose permeameter (3) in the horizontal direction when performing the horizontal penetration test, and set the multi-purpose permeameter (3) in the horizontal direction when performing the vertical penetration test. The instrument (3) is arranged in the vertical direction;

Step 2: filling the sample, filling the sample into the multipurpose permeameter (3);

Step 3: Test pressurization, control the intelligent pressurization and voltage stabilization device (2) to open through the control component (6), and pressurize the water in the water storage tank (1) into the multi-purpose osmometer (3), which is a multi-purpose osmometer. (3) The seepage water enters the seepage water measuring device (4) for detection, then the seepage water enters the sedimentation tank (5), and finally enters the water storage tank (1) for recycling;

Step 4: Data acquisition and test pressure relief.