WO2022201316A1 - Mems素子及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
Mems素子及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022201316A1 WO2022201316A1 PCT/JP2021/012019 JP2021012019W WO2022201316A1 WO 2022201316 A1 WO2022201316 A1 WO 2022201316A1 JP 2021012019 W JP2021012019 W JP 2021012019W WO 2022201316 A1 WO2022201316 A1 WO 2022201316A1
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- film
- vibrating
- insulating film
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- substrate
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 88
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- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 36
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
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- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/04—Microphones
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0002—Arrangements for avoiding sticking of the flexible or moving parts
- B81B3/001—Structures having a reduced contact area, e.g. with bumps or with a textured surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0018—Structures acting upon the moving or flexible element for transforming energy into mechanical movement or vice versa, i.e. actuators, sensors, generators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B3/00—Devices comprising flexible or deformable elements, e.g. comprising elastic tongues or membranes
- B81B3/0064—Constitution or structural means for improving or controlling the physical properties of a device
- B81B3/0067—Mechanical properties
- B81B3/0072—For controlling internal stress or strain in moving or flexible elements, e.g. stress compensating layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C1/00—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C1/00642—Manufacture or treatment of devices or systems in or on a substrate for improving the physical properties of a device
- B81C1/0065—Mechanical properties
- B81C1/00666—Treatments for controlling internal stress or strain in MEMS structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
- H04R19/005—Electrostatic transducers using semiconductor materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
- H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
- H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
- H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2201/00—Specific applications of microelectromechanical systems
- B81B2201/02—Sensors
- B81B2201/0257—Microphones or microspeakers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81B—MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS, e.g. MICROMECHANICAL DEVICES
- B81B2203/00—Basic microelectromechanical structures
- B81B2203/01—Suspended structures, i.e. structures allowing a movement
- B81B2203/0127—Diaphragms, i.e. structures separating two media that can control the passage from one medium to another; Membranes, i.e. diaphragms with filtering function
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B81—MICROSTRUCTURAL TECHNOLOGY
- B81C—PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF MICROSTRUCTURAL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
- B81C2201/00—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems
- B81C2201/01—Manufacture or treatment of microstructural devices or systems in or on a substrate
- B81C2201/0101—Shaping material; Structuring the bulk substrate or layers on the substrate; Film patterning
- B81C2201/0102—Surface micromachining
- B81C2201/0105—Sacrificial layer
- B81C2201/0109—Sacrificial layers not provided for in B81C2201/0107 - B81C2201/0108
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/003—Mems transducers or their use
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to MEMS elements, and more particularly to capacitive MEMS elements used as microphones, various sensors, switches, etc., and manufacturing methods thereof.
- a related technology MEMS element (microphone) 200 includes a vibrating film 30 made of a conductor provided on a silicon substrate 10 with an insulating film 20 interposed therebetween, and a conductor portion (fixed electrode) with a spacer 40 interposed therebetween. 50a) is laminated.
- the back plate 50 is formed so as not to be deformed, and a plurality of acoustic holes 50b are formed in a portion facing the vibrating membrane 30.
- the sound pressure propagated through the acoustic hole 50b vibrates the vibrating membrane 30, and the capacitance between the back plate 50 and the vibrating membrane 30 changes. The change in capacitance is taken out as an electric signal and transmitted to a speaker or the like (not shown).
- the inventors of the present invention conducted extensive research into the cause of the variation in the characteristics of MEMS microphones. As a result, it was found that the vibrating membrane is also affected by the internal stress in each film, such as the sacrificial layer film that serves as a spacer, the back plate, and the insulating film, and this causes variations in the magnitude of vibration. In addition, when a MEMS microphone is housed in a package, the MEMS microphone is fixed to a printed circuit board using resin or the like. I found that it is received through
- an object of the present disclosure is to provide a MEMS element that exhibits more stable performance and can achieve high sensitivity.
- One embodiment of the MEMS device of the present disclosure includes a substrate having an opening and an insulating film formed on the substrate, and a vibrating device in which slits are intermittently formed along the edge of the peripheral edge. and a back plate fixed to spacers formed on the periphery of the substrate and having a plurality of acoustic holes in the center thereof, the back plate surrounding the periphery of the plurality of acoustic holes. and has an etching hole at a position closer to the edge than the outermost peripheral edge of the slit of the vibrating film in plan view, and the slit is located in a portion of the substrate where the opening is not formed.
- the end of the vibrating membrane and the insulating film under the vibrating membrane are spaced apart from the lower end of the spacer, and the insulating film below the vibrating membrane is arranged closer to the slit than the end of the vibrating membrane, and the slit-side end of the insulating film under the vibrating membrane is arranged closer to the spacer than the slit.
- One embodiment of the method for manufacturing a MEMS element of the present disclosure includes the steps of forming an insulating film on a substrate, forming a conductive film on the insulating film, patterning the peripheral edge portion, and forming the conductive film.
- forming a vibrating film by forming a slit in the peripheral edge of the vibrating film; forming a sacrificial layer on the vibrating film; forming a back plate film including a fixed electrode on the sacrificial layer; forming a back plate having a plurality of acoustic holes and etching holes around the peripheries of the plurality of acoustic holes in a back plate film; forming an opening in the substrate located under the central portion of the vibrating film; and immersing the substrate in an etchant to leave the peripheral portion of the sacrificial layer as a spacer, and remove the insulating film from the outermost peripheral side of the slit of the vibrating film and the end portion of the vibrating film.
- the insulating film remaining under the vibrating film is made to remain in the shape of a ring that holds the vibrating film.
- the vibrating membrane and the insulating film holding the vibrating membrane are separated from the spacer section, and the vibrating membrane is held via the insulating film with a minimum width from the substrate. is not affected by other members such as spacers and back plates, and because of the housing, even if the substrate is fixed by resin or the like, the stress generated in the substrate affects the vibrating membrane. The result is a microphone with stable performance.
- a MEMS element of the present disclosure by forming an etching hole at a position outside the acoustic hole of the back plate and outside the outermost slit formed in the vibrating membrane in plan view, and adjusting at least one of the position of the etching hole, the size of the etching hole, the etching time, and the concentration of the etchant in the step of removing the insulating film, thereby suppressing the influence of the stress on the vibrating membrane. can be optimized for retention and stable performance.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a MEMS element that is an embodiment of the present disclosure
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the vibrating film (movable electrode) of the MEMS element of FIG. 1 as viewed from the substrate side
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an insulating film of the MEMS element of FIG. 1
- FIG. 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of a manufacturing process of the MEMS element of FIG. 1
- 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of a manufacturing process of the MEMS element of FIG. 1
- 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of a manufacturing process of the MEMS element of FIG. 1
- 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of a manufacturing process of the MEMS element of FIG. 1
- 2A to 2C are explanatory diagrams of a manufacturing process of the MEMS element of FIG.
- Vibration film 3 having slits 3a and 3b intermittently formed along 3d and spacer 4 formed at the peripheral edge of substrate 1 are fixedly formed, and a plurality of acoustic holes 5b are formed at the center. It has a back plate 5 with.
- the back plate 5 has an etching hole 5c on the outer periphery of the plurality of acoustic holes 5b and on the edge side of the outermost slit 3a of the vibrating membrane 3 in plan view.
- the insulating film 2 which is a lower layer of the vibrating film 3, is etched from the end 3d of the vibrating film 3 and the outer slit 3a to the bottom of the vibrating film 3, and the ends of the insulating film 2 are directed inward. It has an intricate structure.
- the size of the peripheral portion of the vibrating membrane 3, the vicinity of the slits 3a and 3b, and the insulating film 2 under the vibrating membrane 3 are larger than the entire MEMS element and other parts. It is drawn and does not faithfully show the ratio of each member in an actual MEMS element.
- the present inventors conducted intensive investigations into the reason why characteristics such as sensitivity of the MEMS microphone 100 vary, and found that there is residual stress in the vibrating membrane 3, and the stress varies among the elements. Therefore, even when the same sound pressure is applied, the vibration of the vibrating membrane 3 is slightly different. This difference in residual stress is based on various factors such as variations in the thickness of the insulating film 2, spacer 4, and back plate 5 in the manufacturing process and the environment in the manufacturing process. It has been found that the internal stress of materials such as resins used when assembling the package into a package or the like also affects the internal stress of the material.
- the inventors of the present invention consider that it is impossible to equalize these variations, and suppress the influence of the residual stress of the vibrating membrane 3 by preventing the stress from being transmitted to the vibrating membrane 3. thought. For this purpose, it is necessary to cut off the influence of the substrate 1 and its surrounding members such as the insulating film 2, the spacer 4, and the back plate 5 on the vibrating membrane 3, and separate the vibrating membrane 3 from the spacer 4 and its lower part. In addition to making it independent from the substrate 1, by making contact with the substrate 1 in the minimum range, we succeeded in suppressing the variation in the characteristics of the MEMS microphone and the like.
- the vibrating membrane 3 is joined to the substrate 1 at the peripheral portion via the insulating film 2 . Since the vibrating membrane 3 vibrates in response to changes in pressure caused by sound, it can no longer function as the vibrating membrane 3 when detached from the substrate 1 . From that point of view, the vibrating film 3 needs to be sufficiently fixed to the substrate 1 via the insulating film 2 . Therefore, it is preferable that the vibrating film 3 is connected to the substrate 1 so that the width of the insulating film 2 remaining under the vibrating film 3 is as wide as possible.
- the inventors of the present invention found that if this connecting portion, that is, the width of the remaining insulating film 2 is too wide, the stress of the substrate 1 is transmitted to the vibrating film 3 through the insulating film 2, and the vibrating film 3 was found to affect the vibration characteristics of Therefore, in the present embodiment, the remaining insulating film 2 has a minimum width (see L1 in FIG. 3) for holding the vibrating film 3, which varies depending on the type of the MEMS element 100, for example, about 5 ⁇ m for a small microphone. However, in order to reinforce the joint, it is characterized in that it is not formed on the entire circumference, but partially has a portion wider than that by about 1 to 3 ⁇ m (see L2 in FIG. 3).
- the insulating film under the vibrating membrane 3 by etching the insulating film under the vibrating membrane 3 from the openings (the end 3d of the vibrating membrane 3 and the outer slit 3a), the part where the outer slit 3a is located is separated from the outer slit 3a.
- the width (L1 in FIG. 3) of the insulating film 2 is narrowed by the etching, and the etching does not progress so much between the intermittently formed outer slits 3a. Since the length of the insulating film 2 in the portion in the circumferential direction is short while the holding force for holding the vibrating film 3 is exerted, transmission of stress from the substrate 1 can be suppressed. Therefore, it is characterized in that the width of the insulating film 2 under the vibrating film 3 is adjusted while adjusting the etching conditions when etching the sacrificial layer 41 and the insulating film 2 .
- the etching conditions are adjusted according to the type and size of the MEMS element 100 and each production lot, and the concentration of the etchant, which tends to vary, and the etching hole. For example, the position and size of 5c, the etching time, or the like can be adjusted.
- a material such as single crystal silicon having mechanical properties as a support substrate can be used.
- a silicon substrate it is not limited to a silicon substrate, and other semiconductor substrates such as compound semiconductors, SOI substrates, etc. can also be used.
- the shape is not particularly limited.
- the insulating film 2 is an oxide film ( SiO.sub.2 ) having a thickness of about 0.2 to 1 .mu.m formed on the silicon substrate, and is formed by oxidizing the silicon substrate or depositing it by a CVD method or the like.
- the insulating film 2 is not limited to an oxide film and may be a nitride film, but an oxide film is preferable because it is easily etched. If the insulating film 2 is too thick, its stress will affect the vibrating film 3, so it is preferable to make it as thin as possible.
- the insulating film 2 is removed from the lower side of the vibrating portion of the vibrating film 3, and is connected to the substrate 1 only at a part of the peripheral portion of the vibrating film 3.
- the stress generated in the substrate 1 remains between the vibrating film 3 and the substrate 1 in the narrowest possible range so that the stress generated in the substrate 1 is not transmitted to the vibrating film 3 .
- FIG. 3 which is a plan view cut at the interface between the substrate 1 and the insulating film 2 and looking at the insulating film 2 side, the insulating film 2 is closer to the vibrating film 3 than the vicinity of the outer slit 3a.
- the inner peripheral side is removed, and a dividing groove 2a is formed in the vicinity of the end 3d of the vibrating membrane 3 to separate it from the peripheral edge, thereby forming a ring shape.
- the ring-shaped insulating film 2 is etched down to the lower side of the vibrating film 3 during etching, as will be described later. Therefore, the edge 3d side of the vibrating membrane 3 and the spacer 4 side edge of the outer slit 3a are also etched. However, etching does not progress easily between the intermittently formed outer slits 3a, and as shown in FIG.
- the width of the insulating film 2 remaining in a ring shape is not uniform, and the width L1 of the insulating film 2 at the portion of the outer slit 3a of the vibrating film 3 is greater than the width L2 of the insulating film 2 between the outer slits 3a. is also narrowed, and the inner peripheral end of the insulating film 2 has unevenness.
- L1 is approximately 3/5 to 1/2 of L2. .
- the ring-shaped insulating film 2 has a protruding portion 2b formed on the inner periphery thereof, so that the protruding portion 2b is also joined to the vibrating film 3.
- the length of the protrusion 2b in the circumferential direction that is, the width of the protrusion 2b is very small. Therefore, even if a stress is applied to the substrate 1, the force that transmits the stress to the vibrating membrane 3 is very small.
- the width L1 of the ring-shaped insulating film 2 is formed to be as small as possible. Therefore, when the width of the insulating film 2 is L1 over the entire circumference, the holding of the vibrating film 3 may not be sufficient.
- the vibrating membrane 3 is securely held because the vibrating membrane 3 is also bonded to the projecting portion 2b.
- the projecting portion 2b contributes to holding the vibrating film 3 while suppressing the transmission of the stress of the substrate 1, and the width L1 of the portion of the ring-shaped insulating film 2 other than the projecting portion 2b can be made as small as possible. .
- the vibration film 3 is a movable electrode film formed by patterning a conductor film using a conductive polysilicon film or the like.
- the vibrating membrane 3 vibrates through the acoustic hole 5b, and the change in capacitance between the vibrating membrane 3 and the fixed electrode 5a caused by this vibration is converted into an electric signal, which is converted into an electric signal by an extraction electrode (not shown). ) is transmitted to the outside.
- the example shown in FIG. 1 is characterized in that the vibrating film 3 is separated from the lower part of the spacer 4, and even if a part of the conductor film exists under the spacer 4, a dividing groove is formed. Then, the portion exposed toward the central portion from the dividing groove may be used as the end portion of the vibrating film 3 .
- the term "vibrating membrane” essentially means the portion arranged opposite to the fixed electrode 5a, and the end of this portion is the vibrating membrane 3. It is called end 3d.
- An outer slit 3a and an inner slit 3b are intermittently formed in the vibrating membrane 3 along its edge 3d.
- the slit may be formed one round, or three or more rounds.
- the shape and size of the slits 3a and 3b, and the interval between the intermittently formed slits 3a and 3b vary depending on the sensitivity of the MEMS element, the stability of the vibrating membrane, the strength of the vibrating membrane, the sensitivity of the microphone, and the distortion of the electrical signal. It can be determined by considering various factors. By forming the slits 3a and 3b, even a slight acoustic pressure makes it easier to vibrate, thereby improving the sensitivity.
- the slits 3a and 3b are formed so as to be positioned above the portion of the substrate 1 where the opening 1a is not formed. If the slits 3a and 3b are formed at positions exposed to the opening 1a of the substrate 1, the acoustic resistance is remarkably lowered, and the sensitivity in the low frequency region is remarkably lowered in the MEMS element having the structure with the small opening 1a. As shown in FIG. 1, by forming the slit 3a so as to be positioned above the portion of the substrate 1 where the opening 1a is absent, the space between the vibrating film 3 and the substrate 1 is used to reduce the acoustic resistance. can be increased.
- This space can be formed by etching the insulating film 2 by permeating the etchant from the slits 3a and 3b when etching the sacrificial layer 41 (see FIG. 4H) in manufacturing the MEMS element.
- the slits 3a and 3b are provided in two circles, but in the case of such a structure, it may be difficult for the etchant to permeate between the slits of the inner slit 3b, and etching residue may occur.
- an etching hole 3c may be formed between the inner slits 3b as shown in FIG.
- the etchant from the opening 1a of the substrate 1 does not penetrate unless the insulating film 2 is removed, and the etchant from the inner slit 3b also penetrates the inner slit 3b. This is because it is difficult for the liquid to permeate between the slits.
- the size of the etching hole 3c is determined according to the interval between the inner slits 3b so as not to leave any etching residue.
- the vibrating membrane 3 can be provided with bumps 3e.
- the bumps 3e may be provided not only outside the opening 1a but also inside the opening 1a. The shape of the bumps 3e does not need to be a continuous ring-like protrusion, and may be provided with protrusions scattered on the circumference as shown in FIG.
- the spacer 4 is formed by laminating silicon oxide or the like as a sacrificial layer and etching away the central portion after the back plate 5 is formed. It is arranged to form a space between it and the vibrating film 3 that serves as a movable electrode.
- the fixed electrode 5a is formed by patterning a conductive film using a conductive polysilicon film or the like, and is arranged at a position corresponding to the vibrating film 3 that serves as a movable electrode.
- the area of the fixed electrode 5a is optimized depending on how the diaphragm 3 vibrates.
- the back plate 5 is formed by laminating silicon nitride or a multilayer film of silicon nitride and silicon oxide laminated on the fixed electrode 5a, and has a plurality of acoustic holes 5b in the center together with the fixed electrode 5a. .
- the acoustic hole 5 b is for transmitting sound pressure to the diaphragm 3 and is formed at a position facing the diaphragm 3 .
- the back plate 5 has etching holes 5c on the periphery of a plurality of acoustic holes 5b.
- the insulating film 2 exposed at the end 3d is also etched.
- the insulating film 2 is divided into the insulating film 2 under the vibrating film 3 and the insulating film at the lower end of the spacer 4 . Also, the insulating film 2 under the vibrating membrane 3 near the end 3d of the vibrating membrane 3 and the outer slit 3a is etched. The degree and balance of etching under the insulating film 2 below the vibrating film 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the positional relationship of the etching hole 5c with respect to the edge 3d of the vibrating film 3 and the outer slit 3a, the size of the etching hole 5c, and the like. can be done.
- the etching hole 5c is formed to etch the sacrificial layer 41 and the insulating film 2, and has a different function from the acoustic hole 5b. Therefore, it is formed on the edge side of the substrate 1 further than the outer slit 3a and at the position where the vibrating film 3 is joined to the substrate 1 via the insulating film 2, and contributes to the vibration of the vibrating film 3. not a hole to play. Rather, the formation position is determined so as to optimize the etching of the sacrificial layer 41 and the etching under the vibrating membrane 3 .
- the insulating film 2 under the vibrating membrane 3 can be positioned on the edge 3d side of the vibrating membrane 3 and By isotropically removing the inner peripheral side of the outer slits 3a from the slits 3a, a configuration is obtained in which a ring shape having a projecting portion 2b at the inner peripheral end between the slits 3a remains.
- the shape of the acoustic hole 5b is not particularly limited, and may be circular, rectangular, oval, or the like.
- the size of each acoustic hole 5b and the distance between the acoustic holes 5b are not particularly limited, and are determined in consideration of sensitivity and noise characteristics.
- the plurality of acoustic holes 5b can be arranged, for example, so as to form a concentric circle from the center so as to face the circular vibrating membrane 3 . At this time, the acoustic hole 5b may or may not be formed in the central portion.
- the etching hole 5c has an important function in etching the insulating film 2 in the vicinity of the end 3d of the vibrating film 3, as described above. It is not limited. Specifically, similarly to the acoustic holes 5b, the etching holes 5c are formed in a circular shape. placed. At this time, the plurality of acoustic holes 5b are formed to have approximately the same size, but the etching holes 5c may be arranged at different sizes and intervals from the acoustic holes 5b.
- the method for manufacturing the MEMS element of the present embodiment will be described below as one embodiment of the method for manufacturing the MEMS element of the present disclosure with reference to FIGS. 4A to 4H.
- the manufacturing method of the MEMS element of the present embodiment includes a step of forming an insulating film 2 on a substrate 1 (see FIG. 4A), and a step of forming an insulating film 2 on the insulating film 2.
- a conductive film 31 is formed (see FIG. 4C), the peripheral edge is patterned, and slits 3a and 3b (see FIG. 2) and, if necessary, an etching hole 3c are formed in the peripheral edge of the conductive film 31.
- a step of forming a sacrificial layer 41 on the vibrating film 3 see FIG. 4E
- a step of forming see FIG.
- the etching hole 3 is formed closer to the periphery of the back plate 5 than the outermost periphery of the outer slit 3a of the vibrating membrane 3 in plan view, and the position of the etching hole 5c, the size of the etching hole 5c, the etching time, and the concentration of the etchant, the insulating film 2 remaining under the vibrating film 3 has a width that minimizes the influence of the stress from the substrate 1, and the vibrating film 3 is held. It is characterized in that it remains in a ring shape.
- an insulating film 2 is formed on a substrate 1 (FIG. 4A).
- an insulating film 2 made of silicon oxide is formed on the surface of the substrate 1 .
- the insulating film 2 can be formed by a normal method in this technical field.
- the substrate 1 is a silicon substrate, it may be formed by thermal oxidation or deposited by a CVD method.
- recesses 2c for forming the bumps 3e are formed by etching the insulating film 2 at positions corresponding to the positions where the bumps 3e are to be provided before laminating the vibration film 3. (Fig. 4B).
- a conductive polysilicon film having a thickness of about 0.2 to 1 ⁇ m is laminated on the insulating film 2 as a conductor film 31 by, eg, CVD (FIG. 4C).
- the peripheral edge, the outer slit 3a, the inner slit 3b (see FIG. 2) and, if necessary, the etching hole 3c are removed by patterning using a photolithographic method or the like to form the vibrating film 3 (see FIG. 2). 4D).
- the conductor film 31 may be left in the portion that will be the lower portion of the spacer 4 without removing the entire end portion, but is separated from the vibrating film 3 portion by the dividing groove.
- a sacrificial layer 41 made of silicon oxide is laminated to a thickness of about 3 ⁇ m, for example, according to the normal manufacturing process of the MEMS element 100 (FIG. 4E), and a conductive polysilicon film is laminated on the sacrificial layer 41 . be done.
- patterning is performed by a normal photolithography method to form a fixed electrode 5a made of, for example, a polysilicon film, and a back plate film 51 made of silicon nitride is laminated thereon (FIG. 4F).
- an acoustic hole 5b for transmitting sound pressure to the vibrating film 3 and an etching hole 5c for etching the sacrificial layer 41 and the insulating film 2 are formed by a normal photolithographic method. and partially expose the sacrificial layer 41 (FIG. 4G).
- the etching hole 5c is outside the acoustic hole 5b (on the edge side of the back plate film 51), outside the fixed electrode 5a, and outside the outer slit 3a formed in the vibrating film 3 in plan view. (end 3d side of vibrating membrane 3) and formed so as to overlap with vibrating membrane 3 in plan view.
- the central portion of the substrate 1 is removed by etching from the back surface side opposite to the surface on which the insulating film 2 is formed to expose the insulating film 2, thereby forming the opening 1a (FIG. 4H).
- the opening 1a is formed so that the lower portions of the outer and inner slits 3a and 3b formed in the vibrating membrane 3 are not positioned within the opening 1a.
- etching is started simultaneously from the acoustic hole 5b, the etching hole 5c and the opening 1a to remove the sacrificial layer 41 and the insulating film 2, thereby forming a gap between the vibrating film 3 and the back plate 5.
- the portion of the insulating film 2 exposed to the opening 1a and the portion connected to the slits 3a and 3b and the end portion 3d of the vibrating film 3 exposed by removing the sacrificial layer 41 are etched, including the lower side of the vibrating film 3. , resulting in the structure shown in FIG.
- the insulating film 2 is etched not only at the portion exposed to the opening 1a, but also at the lower side of the vibrating film 3 connected to the opening 1a, the slits 3a and 3b, and the end 3d.
- the insulating film 2 existing on the lower surface of the vibrating film 3 is completely removed by etching with the etchant from the opening 1a and the slits 3a and 3b from the outer slit 3a to the central side, and the edge 3d is removed from the outer slit 3a.
- the outer periphery of the outer slit 3a and the vicinity of the end 3d of the vibrating film 3 are etched, and the insulating film 2 remains between them as shown in FIG.
- the remaining range of the insulating film 2 is very important from the viewpoint of suppressing the transmission of stress to the vibrating film 3 and holding the vibrating film 3 with high reliability. However, it tends to fluctuate depending on production lots and the like. Therefore, in the step of removing the insulating film 2, by adjusting at least one of the position of the etching hole 5c, the size of the etching hole 5c, the etching time, and the concentration of the etchant, the residual film remaining under the vibrating film 3 is adjusted.
- the width of the insulating film 2 is the minimum width for holding the vibrating film 3 and the width that minimizes the influence of stress from the substrate 1, and the etching of the edge 3d of the vibrating film 3 is performed. It is preferable that the width and the etching width in the vicinity of the outermost outer slit 3a are approximately the same.
- a MEMS device 101 according to another embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG.
- the MEMS element 101 has a column 6 that connects the vibrating membrane 3 and the back plate 5 at its central portion.
- Such pillars 6 are formed of an insulating material that remains unetched when the sacrificial layer 41 is etched, and fix the central portion of the vibrating membrane 3 and the back plate 5, thereby preventing sound and noise.
- the sound pressure level (acoustic overload point (AOP)) at which the sound becomes indistinguishable from the acoustic wave and the strength against excessive pressure are improved, and an excellent acoustic signal and reliability resistance can be obtained.
- AOP acoustic overload point
- the pillars 6 can be formed by selective etching. Alternatively, it can be formed by leaving a part of the sacrificial layer 41 without opening the acoustic hole 5b in the central portion.
- etching holes 3c and the bumps 3e are not shown in the vibrating membrane 3 in FIG. 5, they are not essential components and are also employed in this embodiment as necessary.
- FIG. 5 the same parts as in FIG. 1 are given the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- An embodiment of the MEMS device of the present disclosure is formed on a substrate having an opening and an insulating film interposed on the substrate, and slits are formed intermittently along the edge of the peripheral edge. and a back plate fixed to spacers formed on the periphery of the substrate and having a plurality of acoustic holes in the center thereof, the back plate having the plurality of acoustic holes.
- An etching hole is provided at the outer periphery of the hole and at a position closer to the end than the outermost periphery of the slit of the vibrating film in plan view, and the slit is formed in the opening of the substrate.
- the end of the vibrating membrane and the insulating film under the vibrating membrane are spaced apart from the lower end of the spacer, and the lower layer of the vibrating membrane is located above the spacer.
- the spacer-side end of the insulating film is arranged closer to the slit than the end of the vibrating film, and the slit-side end of the insulating film under the vibrating film is closer to the spacer than the slit. are placed.
- the stress of the vibrating membrane is not affected by other members such as spacers and back plates, and the influence of the insulating film positioned between the vibrating membrane and the substrate can be suppressed.
- MEMS elements such as stable microphones can be fabricated.
- the vibrating membrane has a slit structure, it is possible to manufacture a highly sensitive microphone, and it is easy to achieve optimization of the insulating film remaining under the vibrating membrane.
- the slit in a place where the opening of the substrate is not formed, the acoustic resistance can be increased, and a microphone with flat frequency characteristics and desired frequency characteristics can be realized.
- the vibrating membrane has a pillar connecting the vibrating membrane and the back plate at its center, thereby improving the acoustic overload point (AOP) and obtaining an excellent acoustic signal. can.
- AOP acoustic overload point
- the insulating film remains in a ring shape by removing the inner peripheral side of the slit, and the width of the insulating film at the slit portion in plan view is the width of the insulating film between the slits.
- the vibrating film has bumps on the inner side of the slit and on the substrate side surface, thereby eliminating the possibility of occurrence of a phenomenon called sticking, in which the vibrating film and the substrate stick to each other during etching. can be done.
- the above-mentioned slits are provided on at least two circumferences, and an etching hole is formed between the slits on the inner circumference of the two circumferences, so that etching residue can be prevented from occurring between the slits. can.
- One embodiment of the method for manufacturing a MEMS element according to the present disclosure includes the steps of forming an insulating film on a substrate, forming a conductive film on the insulating film, patterning the peripheral edge, Forming a vibrating film by forming a slit in the periphery of a conductive film; forming a sacrificial layer on the vibrating film; and forming a back plate film including a fixed electrode on the sacrificial layer.
- a back plate having a plurality of acoustic holes in the back plate film and etching holes around the peripheries of the plurality of acoustic holes; and immersing the substrate in an etchant to leave the peripheral edge portion of the sacrificial layer as a spacer, and from the outermost peripheral side of the slit of the vibrating film and the end portion side of the vibrating film.
- the etching hole is formed closer to the periphery of the back plate than the outermost periphery of the slit of the vibrating membrane in plan view, and the position of the etching hole, the size of the etching hole, and the etching time. , and the concentration of the etchant are adjusted so that the insulating film remaining under the vibrating film remains in a ring-like shape holding the vibrating film.
- the optimal amount of insulation can always be obtained by adjusting either the position or size of the etching hole or the etching conditions. Since the film can be left, a uniform and highly sensitive MEMS element such as a MEMS microphone can be obtained.
- the etching of the insulating film is adjusted so that the shape of the insulating film remaining under the vibrating film on the side of the central portion has a protruding portion.
- REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 101 MEMS element 1 substrate 2 insulating film 2a dividing groove 2c concave portion for bump formation 3 vibrating film 3a outer slit 3b inner slit 3c etching hole 3d end of vibrating film 3e bump 31 conductor film 4 spacer 41 sacrificial layer 5 back Plate 5a Fixed electrode 5b Acoustic hole 5c Etching hole 51 Back plate film 6 Pillar 200 Related technology MEMS element (microphone) REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 substrate 20 insulating film 30 vibration film 40 spacer 50 back plate
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Abstract
Description
(1)本開示のMEMS素子の一実施形態は、開口部を備えた基板と、該基板上に絶縁膜を介して形成されており、周縁部に端部に沿ってスリットが間欠的に形成された振動膜と、上記基板の周縁部に形成されたスペーサーに固定して形成されており、中心部に複数個のアコースティックホールを有するバックプレートとを備え、該バックプレートは上記複数個のアコースティックホールの外周部で、かつ、平面視で上記振動膜の上記スリットの最外周端よりも端部側の位置にエッチングホールを有しており、上記スリットは、上記基板の開口部の形成されていない部分の上に位置するように形成されており、上記振動膜の端部及び上記振動膜の下層の上記絶縁膜は上記スペーサーの下端部から離間しており、かつ、上記振動膜の下層の上記絶縁膜の上記スペーサー側の端部は上記振動膜の上記端部より上記スリット側に配置され、上記振動膜の下層の上記絶縁膜の上記スリット側の端部は上記スリットより上記スペーサー側に配置されている。
1 基板
2 絶縁膜
2a 分断溝
2c バンプ形成用の凹部
3 振動膜
3a 外側スリット
3b 内側スリット
3c エッチングホール
3d 振動膜の端部
3e バンプ
31 導電体膜
4 スペーサー
41 犠牲層
5 バックプレート
5a 固定電極
5b アコースティックホール
5c エッチングホール
51 バックプレート膜
6 柱
200 関連技術のMEMS素子(マイクロフォン)
10 基板
20 絶縁膜
30 振動膜
40 スペーサー
50 バックプレート
Claims (7)
- 開口部を備えた基板と、
前記基板上に絶縁膜を介して形成されており、周縁部に端部に沿ってスリットが間欠的に形成された振動膜と、
前記基板の周縁部に形成されたスペーサーに固定して形成されており、中心部に複数個のアコースティックホールを有するバックプレートと
を備え、
前記バックプレートは前記複数個のアコースティックホールの外周部で、かつ、平面視で前記振動膜の前記スリットの最外周端よりも端部側の位置にエッチングホールを有しており、前記スリットは、前記基板の開口部の形成されていない部分の上に位置するように形成されており、前記振動膜の端部及び前記振動膜の下の前記絶縁膜は前記スペーサーの下端部から離間しており、かつ、前記振動膜の下層の前記絶縁膜の前記スペーサー側の端部は前記振動膜の前記端部より前記スリット側に配置され、前記振動膜の下層の前記絶縁膜の前記スリット側の端部は前記スリットより前記スペーサー側に配置されている、
MEMS素子。 - 前記振動膜が、その中央部に前記振動膜と前記バックプレートとを繋ぐ柱を有する、請求項1記載のMEMS素子。
- 前記絶縁膜は前記スリットの内周側が除去されることによってリング状に残存しており、平面視で前記スリットの部分における前記絶縁膜の幅は、前記スリット間における前記絶縁膜の幅よりも狭くなっており、前記絶縁膜の内周端に凹凸がある、請求項1または2記載のMEMS素子。
- 前記振動膜が、前記スリットの内側かつ前記基板側の面にバンプを有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のMEMS素子。
- 前記スリットが少なくとも2周に設けられ、該2周の内側の周のスリット間にエッチングホールが形成されている、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のMEMS素子。
- 基板上に絶縁膜を形成する工程と、
前記絶縁膜上に導電体膜を形成し、周端部のパターニングをすると共に、前記導電体膜の周縁部にスリットを形成することによって振動膜を形成する工程と、
前記振動膜上に犠牲層を形成する工程と、
前記犠牲層上に固定電極を含むバックプレート膜を形成する工程と、
前記バックプレート膜に複数個のアコースティックホール及び該複数個のアコースティックホールの外周にエッチングホールを備えたバックプレートを形成する工程と、
前記振動膜の中心部の下に位置する前記基板に開口部を形成する工程と、
前記基板をエッチング液に浸漬することによって、前記犠牲層の周縁部をスペーサーとして残存させると共に、前記振動膜の前記スリットの最外周側と前記振動膜の端部側から前記絶縁膜の一部を除去し、前記スリットの最外周と前記振動膜の端部との間に前記絶縁膜の一部のみを残すように前記振動膜の下の前記絶縁膜を除去する工程と
を備え、
前記エッチングホールを平面視で前記振動膜の前記スリットの最外周よりも前記バックプレートの周縁部側に形成し、かつ、前記エッチングホールの位置、前記エッチングホールの大きさ、エッチング時間、及びエッチング液の濃度の少なくとも一つを調整することによって、前記振動膜の下に残存する絶縁膜を、前記振動膜を保持するリング状に残存させることを特徴とする、MEMS素子の製造方法。 - 前記絶縁膜のエッチングの調整を、前記振動膜の下に残存する前記絶縁膜の中心部側の形状に突出部を有するように調整する、請求項6記載のMEMS素子の製造方法。
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JP2014090514A (ja) * | 2009-06-03 | 2014-05-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | マイクロメカニカルマイクロフォン構造体を有する素子、および、マイクロメカニカルマイクロフォン構造体を有する素子の製造方法 |
WO2014141508A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-18 | オムロン株式会社 | 静電容量型センサ、音響センサ及びマイクロフォン |
JP2017121028A (ja) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-07-06 | 新日本無線株式会社 | Mems素子 |
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JP2014090514A (ja) * | 2009-06-03 | 2014-05-15 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | マイクロメカニカルマイクロフォン構造体を有する素子、および、マイクロメカニカルマイクロフォン構造体を有する素子の製造方法 |
WO2014141508A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-18 | オムロン株式会社 | 静電容量型センサ、音響センサ及びマイクロフォン |
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