Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
  • C02F3/06—Aerobic processes using submerged filters
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
  • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
  • C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
  • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
  • C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
  • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
  • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
  • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
  • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
  • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
  • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
  • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of biological wastewater treatment and mainly to the biological treatment of small and moderate amounts of wastewater from rural settlements in a biofilm treatment plant, in which both organic pollutants (BHT) and phosphorus and nitrogen are removed.
• BHT organic pollutants
• Biological wastewater treatment is based on the ability of microorganisms in wastewater to use a variety of water-soluble organic and non-acidified mineral compounds as nutrients in their life activities. Biological treatment takes place either in activated sludge plants or in biofilters.
• activated sludge plants In activated sludge plants, the problem of biological removal of phosphorus and nitrogen has been solved using activated sludge technology using a multi-chamber process tank.
• the most common wastewater treatment system is the A 2 0 system, in which the treated wastewater passes through the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones in the process tank.
• the energy source of activated sludge is the energy of adenosine triphosphate molecules (ATPs) accumulated in its own biomass, which results in the formation of adenosine diphosphate molecules (ADPs) or adenosine monophosphate molecules (AMP molecules) and water in the treatment medium is enriched with phosphate compounds (P04 3+ ).
• ATPs adenosine triphosphate molecules
• ADPs adenosine diphosphate molecules
• AMP molecules adenosine monophosphate molecules
• the energy source is the oxidation of the organic pollutant on the basis of the oxygen present in the nitrate nitrite composition, resulting in the release of elemental nitrogen or denitrification to reduce the total nitrogen content of the process effluent.
• the recovery of ADP and AMF molecules to energy-rich ATP molecules begins in this zone as well, resulting in a decrease in the phosphate content of the water.
• the same activated sludge biomass circulates throughout the system, removing nitrogen by denitrification and removing phosphorus by removing excess sludge, as the alternation of anaerobic and anoxic-aerobic periods results in the formation of a activated sludge community with multiple phosphorus contents compared to conventional activated sludge.
• biofilm plants the biological treatment of wastewater takes place in a biofilm covering the filling material of the plant, which contains colonies of aerobic microorganisms. As the bacteria multiply, the thickness of the film increases and the parts of it already containing the bacterial mass are finally washed out of the filter with water.
• the physical operation of the process can be performed by seeping wastewater through a gritstone or plastic supporting media that is a biofilm carrier and is known as a trickling biofilter, or through the filter supporting media that is a biofilm carrier that is completely covered with water and is known as a submerged biofilter.
• biofilm devices the activity of microorganisms included in the biofilm is analogous to the flock of activated sludge . While activated sludge is transferable in the overall process between technological steps with different conditions, the biofilm is bound to its carrier, which is stationary in its structure. The biofilm process is adaptable to changes in the quantity and quality of wastewater. The yield of sludge is low, but the biofilm process has no phosphorus removal effect.
• CN104496025A discloses a method and apparatus for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus utilising an activated sludge and biofilm process.
• a biofilm bearing structure is installed in the oxidation ditch. It is a system of submersible biofilters that can be moved between different process zones like a carousel.
• the wastewater is passed in a multistage submersible biofilm device through submersible biofilters in anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic modes, after which the water is separated into sludge and treated water.
• a significant disadvantage of the described method is the difficulty of moving the biofilm-bearing structure in a carousel-like oxidation ditch, as a result of which wastewater can pass through the anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zones in succession.
• the object of the invention is to provide a solution which is technically easier to implement and the biofilm is bound to its carrier, which is stationary in its structure.
• the biofilm cleaner according to the invention comprises in the first stage a pair of submersible biofilters, each submersible biofilter being provided with an aerator and a stirrer each having a valve inlet, wherein the submersible filters are configured to operate alternately and alternately in anaerobic mode and aerobic mode, respectively, by switching the aerator and agitator on and off; and the effluent is first passed to a submersible biofilter in an anaerobic mode and then to a submersible biofilter in the aerobic mode, and in the second stage to a submersible filter operated continuously in the aerobic mode and a submersible biofilter in the third stage anoxic mode.
• the effluent from the first stage of the submersible operation is is passed to a first submersible biofilter operating in an anaerobic mode from a submersible biofilter with switchable inlets and outlets and aerators and agitators.
• a first submersible biofilter operating in an anaerobic mode from a submersible biofilter with switchable inlets and outlets and aerators and agitators.
• the operation mode of the first submersible biofilter is changed into aerobic and the second submersible biofilter is changed into anaerobic.
• the incoming wastewater is now directed to another aerobic biofilter which is operating in aerobic mode.
• water is passed to the first submersible biofilter, which was originally operated in anaerobic mode.
• the operating mode of the second submersible biofilter is aerobic and the first submersible biofilter is anaerobic.
• the first and second cycles are then repeated alternately.
• water is passed from the aerobic submersible biofilter to a second stage aerobic submersible biofilter, from which the water is directed to a third stage anoxic submersible filter to which the residual sludge is pumped.
• the incoming wastewater is directed to the first submersible biofilter.
• the aeration is stopped and the agitator under the support structure of the submersible biofilm is switched on, and therefore the anaerobic environment is initially created in the first submersible biofilter.
• the biofilm of the submersible biofilter is rich in ATP molecules in microorganisms. Due to the energy they contain, the organic pollutants from the wastewater from the submersible biofilm are processed into hydroxybutyrates, which are stored in the biofilm of the submersible biofilter.
• the first submersible biofilter which is initially operating in an anaerobic mode
• the water is passed to a second submersible biofilter, where the water is aerated, that can be considered as a submersible biofilter.
• the operating mode of the first submersible biofilter is aerobic and the second submersible biofilter is anaerobic.
• the anaerobic submersible biofilter is made aerobic and the aerobic submersible biofilter is anaerobic.
• the inlet to the submersible biofilter that has been operating in the anaerobic mode is closed and the drain is opened, and the inflow of wastewater to the submersible biofilter that has been operating in the aerobic mode is opened and the outlet valve is closed.
• the mode described first is returned, and thus the anaerobic and aerobic conditions required for the biological removal of phosphorus from the wastewater are alternated in each shuttle biofilter in the shuttle mode.
• the operating modes are changed in two parallel submersible biofilters (2, 3), the effluent loading and the alternation of the operating cycles being performed in the shuttle mode.
• Figure 1 shows a biofilm cleaner in which a first embodiment of a biofilm device according to the invention is realized.
• Figure 2 shows a biorefinery in which another embodiment of a biofilm device according to the invention is realized.
• the figures show a technological diagram of a multi-stage biofilm plant for the removal of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic pollutants from wastewater.
• the biofilm device according to the first embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 1.
• the biofilm device comprises a wastewater flow meter 1 at the wastewater inlet, two submersible filters 2 and 3 each having inlets 4 and 5, each having valves 18 and 19.
• Submersible filters 2 and 3 have outlets 6 and 7 having valves 12 and 13.
• Each submersible biofilter 2 and 3 has an aerator 8, 9 and a stirrer 10, 11.
• Each submersible biofilter has a drain 14, 16 having a valve 15, 17.
• the outlets 14 and 16 are connected to a second stage submersible filter 20, which has an aerator 21 and which operates continuously in aerobic mode.
• Connected to the second stage submersible biofilter 20 is a third stage submersible biofilter 22 having a stirrer 23 operating in an anoxic mode.
• a post-settler 24 Connected to the third stage submersible biofilter 22 is a post-settler 24, a pump 25 and a valve 27 for removing sludge from the process, and a process water tank 28 with an outlet 30.
• the system has a pump 29 by which part of the process water can be returned to the first stage inlet.
• the incoming wastewater which may have previously passed through a sand filter, a pre-settling basin and an equalization tank (not shown) or one or two of these, is passed through a wastewater flow meter 1 to a first submersible biofilter 2 initially operating in an anaerobic mode in a first stage of the submersible biofilm device, two submersible biofilters 2, 3 having switchable inlets 4, 5 and outlets 6, 7 and equipped with agitators 8, 9 and stirrers 10, 11.
• the aeration is stopped and the stirrer 10 under the biofilm support structure of the first submersible biofilter 2 is switched on, and therefore an anaerobic environment is initially created in the first submersible biofilter 2.
• the water is passed through the outlet 6 through said open valve 12 to a second pair of submersible biofilters 2, 3 to a second submersible biofilter initially operated in aerobic mode 3.
• the valve 13 located on the analogous outlet 7 of the second submersible biofilter 3 is closed.
• the valve 15 on the drain 14 of the first submersible biofilter 2 is also closed.
• the aerators 9 operate in the second submersible biofilter 3, the agitator 11 is stopped and the valve 17 on the outlet 16 is open.
• the operation mode of the first submersible biofilter 2 is aerobic and the second submersible biofilter 3 is anaerobic.
• the incoming wastewater is now directed to a second aerobic biofilter 3.
• the inlet 4 is closed by the valve 19 to the first submersible biofilter 2 which has previously operated in anaerobic mode and its outlet 14 is opened by the valve 15, and to the second submersible biofilter 3 previously operated in aerobic mode, the waste water inlet 5 is opened with the valve 18 and the valve 17 of the drain 16 is closed.
• the biofilm of the first submersible biofilter 2 is again saturated with ATP molecules and the biofilm of the second submersible biofilter 3 is filled with ADP molecules and returns to its original state. In this way, the operating cycles are repeated alternately in the first stage of the submersible film device, as if the shuttle is moving.
• water is passed from the aerobic biofilter 2, 3 through the effluent 14, 16 to a second aerobic filter 20 continuously equipped with aerators 21.
• the removal of BOD, the presence of ammonia nitrogen and the nitrification are completed binding to the biofilm in the form of ATP molecules.
• water is passed to a post-dig, ester 24 where the biomass of bacteria and other sediment from the biofilms are deposited. Subsequently, from the sediment zone 24, a part of the detached film fragments of the biofilters is pumped to the submerged biofilter 22 via a valve 26 as a denitrification-inducing substrate by means of a pump 26. Residual sludge from biofilms is also removed from the same zone. The sludge is removed by means of the pump 25 via a valve 27 as process sludge. The intensity of the sludge circulation is decided and its mode of operation is determined on the basis of operational experience. The water is fed from the after-treatment 24 to the process water tank 28, from which the water of the treatment plant is finally discharged into the environment via the outflow 30.
• the biofilm device according to the second embodiment of the invention is shown in Figure 2. It differs from the biofilm device according to the first embodiment as there is an intermediate sediment 31 between the first stage and the second stage and an additional emscher 33 in which aerobic and anaerobic degradation of sediments from sediments 24 and 31 occurs.
• the method according to the second embodiment of the invention is identical in the first step to the method according to the first embodiment of the invention.
• the second stage aerobic submersible biofilter 20 water is passed to the third stage anoxic submersible biofilter 22 without aeration.
• a stirrer 23 is placed in the submersible biofilter 22 to prevent sedimentation of the biofilm particles released from the biofilm carriers.
• This biofilter denitrifies oxygen-containing nitrogen ions or it is biological nitrogen removal.
• the denitrification- inducing substrate is the residues of organic compounds present in the overflow 34 of the emscher 33.
• emscher 33 is divided into partitions chambers 35 and 36. Of these, chamber 35 undergoes sludge settling and the anaerobic degradation of organic matter inherent in emscher, and chamber 35 undergoes sediment sludge aeration, which causes partial or complete aerobic stabilization of the sludge slurry.
• the transfer of the sludge slurry from the anaerobic chamber 36 to the aerobic chamber 35 takes place via a pipe 37 provided with a valve 38.
• the valve 38 on the pipe 37 is closed and the aeration in the chamber 35 is stopped for 1 to 3 hours.
• the valve 38 can be located in a corresponding valve shaft, but other constructions are conceivable which allow the pipe 37 to be opened and closed.
• the residual sludge from the biofilms is removed from chamber 35.
• the valve 39 in the discharge pipe 40 is opened.
• the aerator 41 can start operating immediately after closing the valve 39 At the end of the discharge, the valve 39 is closed, the valve 34 is closed and remains closed until both the aerobic anaerobic chamber 36 and the anaerobic aerobic chamber 35 have reached the level intended for overflow 34.
• the aerator 41 can start operating immediately after closing the valve 34.
• the clarified water 24 is fed to a process water tank 28, from which the treated - purified water is discharged to the environment via outlet 30.

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• 2021
  • 2021-03-08 EE EEP202100007A patent/EE202100007A/et unknown
• 2022
  • 2022-03-08 WO PCT/IB2022/052069 patent/WO2022200895A2/en active Application Filing

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