WO2022193426A1 - 一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备 - Google Patents

一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022193426A1
WO2022193426A1 PCT/CN2021/093371 CN2021093371W WO2022193426A1 WO 2022193426 A1 WO2022193426 A1 WO 2022193426A1 CN 2021093371 W CN2021093371 W CN 2021093371W WO 2022193426 A1 WO2022193426 A1 WO 2022193426A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bone conduction
hollow
lower magnetic
shrapnel
exciter
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PCT/CN2021/093371
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹洪斌
赵玉洗
沈佳龙
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苏州索迩电子技术有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司 filed Critical 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司
Priority to US18/282,796 priority Critical patent/US20240171901A1/en
Priority to EP21931011.7A priority patent/EP4311265A1/en
Publication of WO2022193426A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022193426A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H04R9/066—Loudspeakers using the principle of inertia
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1008—Earpieces of the supra-aural or circum-aural type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H04R1/1075—Mountings of transducers in earphones or headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H04R1/2811—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements for loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of bone conduction sound generation, in particular to a bone conduction sound generation device and a wearable device.
  • Bone conduction is a method of sound conduction, which converts sound into mechanical vibrations of different frequencies, and transmits sound waves through the human skull, bone labyrinth, inner ear lymph, auger, and auditory center. Compared with the traditional sound conduction method that generates sound waves through the acoustic membrane, bone conduction saves many steps of sound wave transmission, and can achieve clear sound restoration in a noisy environment, and sound waves will not affect others due to diffusion in the air. .
  • the earphones manufactured by the application of bone conduction sound technology are called: bone conduction earphones.
  • the conduction of sound waves is different from the ordinary in-ear type. It does not require the vibration of the eardrum, but is directly transmitted to the auditory nerve through the bone, which not only improves the comfort, but also It protects the user's hearing and enables the user to hear the external sound directly, which has its unique advantages, but the existing bone conduction earphones have the following defects:
  • the bone conduction sound-generating device applied in the existing bone conduction earphone will generate a large vibration amplitude when conducting low-frequency signals, and have a strong vibration sense during use, which affects the customer experience. Therefore, in order to overcome the above defects, the earphone will directly shield the low-frequency signal in practical application. Although the vibration is reduced, the sound transmitted to the ear lacks the bass part, and the sound quality is not high, which will also affect the customer's experience. sense. Therefore, it is very meaningful to study a bone conduction sound device with rich low-frequency content and improved low-frequency sound quality.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a bone conduction sound-generating device and a wearable device, which can transmit low-frequency signals with moderate transmission amplitude and balance the entire sound frequency range.
  • a bone conduction sounding device includes an external packaging structure, wherein a hollow cavity is arranged in the outer packaging structure, and the hollow cavity is arranged with:
  • the exciter includes an upper magnetic part and a lower magnetic part, the upper magnetic part and the lower magnetic part are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other in the Z-axis direction, and there is a gap to form an isolation area;
  • a spatial low-frequency adjustment plate is arranged between the hollow shrapnel and the exciter, the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate adjusts the frame stacking of the hollow shrapnel and the exciter in the Z-axis direction, and adjusts The gap of the isolation region is used to adjust the resonance frequency point of the device.
  • the magnetic flux of the lower magnetic member is less than or equal to the magnetic flux of the upper magnetic member
  • the exciter further comprises an upper magnetic bowl accommodating the upper magnetic member and a lower magnetic bowl accommodating the lower magnetic member, so The upper magnetic piece and the lower magnetic piece are arranged opposite to each other with the same pole.
  • the repulsion force between the upper magnetic piece and the lower magnetic piece is equal to the suction force between the upper magnetic piece and the lower magnetic bowl to maintain the magnetic force Static balance for optimal fidelity.
  • the exciter further comprises a coil, the coil is installed in the lower magnetic bowl and is arranged around the lower magnetic member.
  • the exciter further includes a flexible circuit board, the flexible circuit board is arranged between the coil and the lower magnetic bowl, one end of the flexible circuit board is connected to the coil, and the other end extends to the external package outside the structure.
  • the lower magnetic bowl is installed at the bottom of the hollow cavity, and the upper magnetic bowl is connected to the spatial low frequency adjustment plate.
  • the bottom surface area of the lower magnetic bowl is greater than or equal to the bottom surface area of the upper magnetic bowl.
  • the upper magnetic member includes at least one magnet and/or the lower magnetic member includes at least one magnet.
  • the isolation area is filled with one or more of air, damping material, and elastic members.
  • the hollow shrapnel includes an inner shrapnel, an outer shrapnel, and a plurality of connecting shrapnels connected between the inner shrapnel and the outer shrapnel, the inner shrapnel is mounted on the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate, and the outer shrapnel is installed on the outer package structure.
  • the external packaging structure includes a casing and a cover plate covered on the casing, and the hollow elastic sheet is embedded in the casing and disposed opposite to the cover plate.
  • the distance between the cover plate and the hollow elastic sheet is greater than the maximum working vibration displacement of the hollow elastic sheet.
  • the present invention also provides a wearable device, including the above-mentioned bone conduction sounding device.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • a spatial low-frequency adjustment plate is set before the hollow shrapnel and the exciter, and the effective vibration area of the hollow shrapnel is adjusted through the cooperation of the hollow shrapnel and the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate to adjust the resonance frequency point of the device.
  • the shrapnel and the exciter are stacked in the Z-axis direction, and the gap of the isolation area is adjusted, so that the sound signal transmitted by the sound-generating device has a moderate amplitude, and the bass part can be transmitted to the ear canal synchronously, balancing the entire sound frequency. Acoustic effects, significantly improve user experience and product sound quality.
  • the exciter uses two upper magnetic parts and lower magnetic parts opposite to each other with the same pole, and fully utilizes the magnetic force balance to achieve the static balance between the components, without additional support structure, the structure is simple, easy to implement, and reduce production costs .
  • the external packaging structure enhances the strength of the whole device by covering the cover plate, and at the same time has a good sound insulation effect, which effectively prevents the occurrence of sound leakage.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a bone conduction sounding device in the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the bone conduction sounding device of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the hollow elastic piece in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper magnetic member in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bone conduction sound-emitting device corresponding to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes an external packaging structure, a hollow shrapnel 2 , a spatial low-frequency adjustment plate 3 and an exciter.
  • a hollow cavity 11 is arranged in the outer packaging structure, and the hollow elastic sheet 2 , the spatial low frequency adjusting plate 3 and the exciter are arranged in the hollow cavity 11 .
  • the exciter drives the hollow shrapnel 2 to vibrate.
  • the exciter includes an upper magnetic part 41 and a lower magnetic part 42.
  • the upper magnetic part 41 and the lower magnetic part 42 are arranged in parallel and opposite to each other in the Z-axis direction, and there is a gap to form an isolation area 43; spatial low frequency
  • the adjustment plate 3 is arranged between the hollow shrapnel 2 and the exciter, and the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate 3 adjusts the stacking of the hollow shrapnel 2 and the exciter in the Z-axis direction, and adjusts the gap of the isolation area 43.
  • the hollow shrapnel and the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate Adjust the resonance frequency of the device by adjusting the effective vibration area of the hollow shrapnel.
  • the exciter further includes an upper magnetic bowl 44 for accommodating the upper magnetic member 41 , a lower magnetic bowl 45 for accommodating the lower magnetic member 42 , a coil 46 installed in the lower magnetic bowl 45 and disposed around the lower magnetic member 42 , and a coil 46 disposed on the coil 46 . and the flexible circuit board 47 between the lower magnetic bowl 45.
  • the upper magnetic bowl 44 is connected to the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate 3, and the lower magnetic bowl 45 is installed at the bottom of the hollow cavity 11.
  • the upper magnetic part 41 is installed in the upper magnetic bowl 44, and the coil 46 generates different magnetic fields after being energized.
  • the cooperation of the magnetic parts 41 provides the driving force for the vibration of the hollow shrapnel 2. There is no gap between the two or there is only an assembly space.
  • the upper magnetic member 41 includes at least one magnet, which may be a single magnet, or may be formed by stacking and splicing multiple magnets. As shown in FIG. 4 , in a preferred embodiment, the upper magnetic member 41 includes two magnets, namely a first magnet 41a and a second magnet 41b surrounding the first magnet 41a.
  • the lower magnetic part 42 is installed in the lower magnetic bowl 45, the repulsion between the upper magnetic part 41 and the lower magnetic part 42 cancels the attraction force between the upper magnetic part 41 and the lower magnetic bowl 45, so that the exciter is in a static state of magnetic force when it is not energized Balanced to avoid internal stress generated by the hollow shrapnel 42 .
  • the lower magnetic member 42 includes at least one magnet, which may be a single magnet, or a plurality of magnets stacked and spliced together.
  • the coil 46 is mounted in the lower magnetic bowl 45 and is arranged around the lower magnetic member 42 .
  • the hollow area of the coil 46 is smaller than or equal to the area of the upper magnetic member 41 corresponding to the coil 46, the area of the lower magnetic member 42 is smaller than the area of the hollow portion of the coil 46, and the surface area of the bottom of the lower magnetic bowl 45 is greater than or equal to the lower magnetic member
  • the surface area of the bottom of the bowl 45, the magnetic flux of the lower magnetic part 42 is less than or equal to the magnetic flux of the upper magnetic part 41, and the magnetic flux here can be changed by changing the volume or material of the magnetic part.
  • the flexible circuit board 47 is arranged between the coil 46 and the lower magnetic bowl 45 , one end of which is connected to the coil 46 , and the other end extends to the outside through the lower magnetic bowl 45 and the casing 12 to connect to the terminal equipment.
  • the upper magnetic member 41 and the lower magnetic member 42 are arranged opposite to each other with the same pole.
  • the repulsion force between the upper magnetic member 41 and the lower magnetic member 42 is equal to the suction force between the upper magnetic member 41 and the lower magnetic bowl 45 to achieve
  • the magnetic force is statically balanced to avoid internal stress generated by the hollow shrapnel 42 and achieve the best fidelity effect.
  • the coil 46 is energized, the magnetic static balance is broken, and the upper magnetic bowl 44 installed on the hollow shrapnel 2 moves up and down, driving the hollow shrapnel 2 to vibrate up and down.
  • the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate 3 is connected between the hollow shrapnel 2 and the upper magnetic bowl 44 , so that the hollow shrapnel 2 can not be attached to the upper magnetic bowl 44 as a whole, freely adjust the frame stacking in the Z direction, and can adjust the upper magnetic parts 41 and the size of the isolation area between the lower magnetic member 42.
  • the hollow shrapnel 2 cooperates with the spatial low frequency adjusting plate 3 to adjust the effective vibration area of the hollow shrapnel 2 to adjust the resonance frequency point of the device.
  • the length, width and area of the inner shrapnel 21 are changed, and then the length and area of the connecting shrapnel 23 between the inner shrapnel 21 and the outer shrapnel 22 are changed.
  • the length and area of the shrapnel 23 is the effective vibration area of the hollow spring, thereby changing the resonance frequency point F0 of the system, flexibly adjusting the low-frequency effect, and the minimum resonance frequency point can reach 80Hz;
  • the height of the adjustment plate also needs to be adjusted correspondingly to completely connect the hollow shrapnel 2 and the upper magnetic bowl 44 to stack in the Z direction.
  • the isolation area 43 is filled with one or more of air, damping materials, and other elastic components, which may be magnetic fluid, foam, springs, and the like.
  • the hollow elastic piece 2 includes an inner elastic piece 21 , an outer elastic piece 22 and a plurality of connecting elastic pieces 23 connected between the inner elastic piece 21 and the outer elastic piece 22 .
  • the size of the inner elastic piece 21 is equal to that of the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate 3 and is installed On the spatial low frequency adjustment plate 3, the outer elastic sheet 22 is installed on the outer packaging structure.
  • the external packaging structure includes a casing 12 and a cover plate 13 covering the casing 12, and the hollow elastic sheet 2 is embedded in the casing 12 and disposed opposite to the cover plate 13.
  • the housing 12 is provided with a mounting groove 14 at the open end of the hollow cavity 11, and the hollow elastic piece 2 is embedded in the mounting groove 14, that is, the outer elastic piece 22 is installed in the installation groove, and the inner elastic piece 21 It is installed on the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate 3, and the connecting elastic piece 23 is always separated from the upper magnetic bowl 44, so as to ensure that the hollow elastic piece 2 can generate vibration.
  • the cover plate 13 is covered on the installation groove 14 , and the cover plate cooperates with the installation groove 14 and closes the hollow cavity 11 .
  • the cover plate 13 is preferably made of metal material, which has good rigidity and no deformation.
  • the distance between the cover plate 12 and the hollow spring piece 2 is greater than the maximum vibration displacement of the hollow spring piece 2 to ensure that the vibration can be carried out normally.
  • Embodiments of the present invention also provide a wearable device, which is installed with the above-mentioned bone conduction sound generating device.
  • the wearable device can be an earphone, wearable glasses, AR, MR, etc., which can transmit low-frequency signals with moderate transmission amplitude and balance the entire sound. frequency band.
  • a bone conduction sounding device and a wearable device of the present invention are provided with a spatial low-frequency adjustment plate before the hollow shrapnel and the exciter, and the frame stacking of the hollow shrapnel and the exciter in the Z-axis direction is adjusted through the spatial low-frequency adjustment plate, and Adjust the gap of the isolation area to adjust the resonance frequency point of the device.
  • the amplitude of the sound signal transmitted by the sound-generating device is moderate, and the bass part can be transmitted to the ear canal synchronously, balancing the entire sound frequency band, achieving a better acoustic effect, and significantly improving the user experience and product sound quality; the exciter is opposite through two same poles.
  • the arranged upper magnetic parts and lower magnetic parts fully utilize the magnetic force balance to achieve the static balance between the components, without the need for additional support structures, the structure is simple, easy to implement, and reduces the production cost; the external packaging structure is covered by a cover plate to enhance The strength of the whole device is improved, and at the same time, it has a good sound insulation effect, which effectively prevents the occurrence of sound leakage.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开的一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备，其中骨传导发声装置包括外部封装结构，外部封装结构内设置有中空腔体，中空腔体内设置有：镂空弹片；激励器，激励器包括上磁性件和下磁性件，上磁性件和下磁性件在Z轴方向上平行相对设置，且存在间隙以形成隔离区；空间低频调节板，空间低频调节板设置在镂空弹片和激励器之间，空间低频调节板调整镂空弹片与激励器在Z轴方向上的构架堆叠，并调整隔离区的间隙，镂空弹片与空间低频调节板配合调整镂空弹片的有效振动面积以调整装置的共振频率点。安装有上述骨传导发声装置的可穿戴设备，可传递低频信号且传递振幅适中，均衡整个声音频段，达到较好的声学效果，显著地提升用户体验和产品音质。

Description

一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备 技术领域
本发明涉及骨传导发声技术领域，特别涉及一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备。
背景技术
骨传导是一种声音传导方式，即将声音转化为不同频率的机械振动，通过人的颅骨、骨迷路、内耳淋巴液、螺旋器、听觉中枢来传递声波。相对于通过声膜产生声波的传统声音传导方式，骨传导省去了许多声波传递的步骤，能在嘈杂的环境中实现清晰的声音还原，而且声波也不会因为在空气中扩散而影响到他人。
应用骨传导发声技术制造的耳机，称之为：骨传导耳机，其声波的传导与普通的入耳式不同，不需要耳膜的振动，而是直接通过骨头传至听神经，既提高了舒适性，又保护了用户的听力，还能使用户直接听清外部声音，具有其独特的优越性，但是现有骨传导耳机存在以下缺陷：
现有的骨传导耳机内应用的骨传导发声装置在传导低频信号时，会产生较大的振动幅度，使用时有较强的振感，影响客户体验。因此为了克服上述缺陷，在实际应用时耳机会直接把低频信号屏蔽掉，这样虽然减轻了振感，但传递到耳朵中的声音缺少低音部分，声音质量不高，也同样会影响到客户的体验感。因此研究一款具有丰富低频内容，改善低频音质音效的骨传导发声装置很有意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备，可传递低频信号且传递振幅适中，均衡整个声音频段。
为了解决上述技术问题，一方面本发明的技术方案是：
一种骨传导发声装置，包括外部封装结构，所述外部封装结构内设置有中空腔体，所述中空腔体内设置有：
镂空弹片；
激励器，所述激励器包括上磁性件和下磁性件，所述上磁性件和下磁性件在Z轴方向上平行相对设置，且存在间隙以形成隔离区；
空间低频调节板，所述空间低频调节板设置在所述镂空弹片和激励器之间，所述空间低频调节板调整所述镂空弹片与所述激励器在Z轴方向上的构架堆叠，并调整所述隔离区的间隙以调整装置的共振频率点。
作为优选，所述下磁性件的磁通量小于或等于所述上磁性件的磁通量，所述激励器还包括容纳所述上磁性件的上磁碗和容纳所述下磁性件的下磁碗，所述上磁性件和下磁性件同极相对布置，在未通电状态时，所述上磁性件和下磁性件之间的斥力与所述上磁性件和下磁碗之间的吸力相等以保持磁力静态平衡，达到最优的保真效果。
作为优选，所述激励器还包括线圈，所述线圈安装在所述下磁碗内且围绕所述下磁性件设置。
作为优选，所述激励器还包括柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板设置在所述线圈和下磁碗之间，所述柔性电路板一端与所述线圈相连，另一端延伸至所述外部封装结构外。
作为优选，所述下磁碗安装在所述中空腔体底部，所述上磁碗与所述空间低频调节板相连接。
作为优选，所述下磁碗的底部表面积大于或等于所述上磁碗的底部表面积。
作为优选，所述上磁性件至少包括一个磁铁和/或所述下磁性件至少包括一个磁铁。
作为优选，所述隔离区内填充有空气、阻尼材料、弹性件中的一种或多种。
作为优选，所述镂空弹片包括内弹片、外弹片以及多个连接在所述内弹片和外弹片之间的连接弹片，所述内弹片安装在所述空间低频调节板上，所述外弹片安装在所述外部封装结构上。
作为优选，所述外部封装结构包括外壳和盖设在所述外壳上的盖板，所述镂空弹片嵌设在所述外壳内且与所述盖板相对设置。
作为优选，所述盖板与所述镂空弹片之间的间距大于所述镂空弹片的最大工作振动位移。
另一方面，本发明还提出了一种可穿戴设备，包括上述的骨传导发声装置。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
(1)本发明在镂空弹片和激励器之前设置空间低频调节版，通过镂空弹片与空间低频调节板配合调整镂空弹片的有效振动面积以调整装置的共振频率点，同时通过空间低频调节板调整镂空弹片与激励器在Z轴方向上的构架堆叠，并调整隔离区的间隙，使发声装置传递出的声音信号幅度适中，同时低音部分可以同步传递到耳道中，均衡整个声音频段，达到较好的声学效果，显著地提升用户体验和产品音质。
(2)激励器通过两个同极相对布置的上磁性件和下磁性件，完全利用磁力平衡来达到各部件之间的静态平衡，无需额外的支撑结构，结构简单，易于实现，降低生产成本。
(3)外部封装结构通过盖设盖板，增强了整个装置的强度，同时具有较好的隔音效果，有效防止了漏音现象的发生。
附图说明
在此描述的附图仅用于解释目的，而不意图以任何方式来限制本发明公开的范围。另外，图中的各部件的形状和比例尺寸等仅为示意性的，用于帮助对本发明的理解，并不是具体限定本发明各部件的形状和比例尺寸。本领域的技 术人员在本发明的教导下，可以根据具体情况选择各种可能的形状和比例尺寸来实施本发明。在附图中：
图1是本发明中骨传导发声装置的爆炸图；
图2是本发明中骨传导发声装置的剖视图；
图3是本发明中镂空弹片的结构示意图；
图4是本发明一种实施例中上磁性件的结构示意图。
图中所示：
11、中空腔体；12、外壳；13、盖板；14、安装槽；2、镂空弹片；21、内弹片；22、外弹片；23、连接弹片；3、空间低频调节板；41、上磁性件；41a、第一磁铁；41b、第二磁铁；42、下磁性件；43、隔离区；44、上磁碗；45、下磁碗；46、线圈；47、柔性电路板。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“设置于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施例。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的 术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1和图2所示，对应于本发明的一种较佳实施例的骨传导发声装置，其包括外部封装结构、镂空弹片2、空间低频调节板3以及激励器。外部封装结构内设置有中空腔体11，镂空弹片2、空间低频调节板3以及激励器设置在中空腔体11中。激励器驱动镂空弹片2振动，激励器包括上磁性件41和下磁性件42，上磁性件41和下磁性件42在Z轴方向上平行相对设置，且存在间隙以形成隔离区43；空间低频调节板3设置在镂空弹片2和激励器之间，空间低频调节板3调整镂空弹片2与激励器在Z轴方向上的构架堆叠，并调整隔离区43的间隙，镂空弹片与空间低频调节板配合调整镂空弹片的有效振动面积以调整装置的共振频率点。
进一步的，激励器还包括容纳上磁性件41的上磁碗44、容纳下磁性件42的下磁碗45、安装在下磁碗45内且围绕下磁性件42设置的线圈46以及设置在线圈46和下磁碗45之间的柔性电路板47。上磁碗44连接在空间低频调节板3上，下磁碗45安装在中空腔体11底部，具体的，上磁性件41安装在上磁碗44内，线圈46通电后产生不同的磁场与上磁性件41配合为镂空弹片2振动提供驱动力，两者之间无间隙配合或仅存在有装配空间，与传统的激励器相比，无需预留音圈的插入空间，减小整个发声装置的体积。上磁性件41至少包括一个磁铁，可以是一整块磁铁，也可以是多块磁铁堆叠、拼接而成。如图4所示，在一种优选的实施例中所述上磁性件41包括两个磁铁，分别为第一磁铁41a和围绕在第一磁铁41a外的第二磁铁41b。下磁性件42安装在下磁碗45内，上磁性件41和下磁性件42之间的斥力抵消了上磁性件41和下磁碗45之间的吸力，使激励器在未通电时处于磁力静态平衡，避免镂空弹片42产生内应力。下磁性件42至少包括一个磁铁，可以是一整块磁铁，也可以是多块磁铁堆叠、拼接而成。线圈46安装在下磁碗45内且围绕下磁性件42设置。优选的，线圈46的中空面积小于或者等于线圈46所对应的上磁性件41的面积，下磁性件42的面积小于线圈46的中空部分的面积，下磁碗45底部的表面积大于或者等于下磁 碗45底部的表面积，下磁性件42的磁通量小于或等于上磁性件41的磁通量，此处的磁通量可通过更改磁性件的体积或材料改变。柔性电路板47设置在线圈46和下磁碗45之间，其一端与线圈46相连，另一端一次经过下磁碗45和外壳12延伸至外与终端设备相连。上磁性件41和下磁性件42同极相对布置，在未通电状态时，上磁性件41和下磁性件42之间的斥力与上磁性件41和下磁碗45之间的吸力相等以达到磁力静态平衡，避免镂空弹片42产生内应力，达到最优的保真效果。当在线圈46通电后，磁力静态平衡被打破，安装在镂空弹片2上的上磁碗44上下运动，带动镂空弹片2上下振动。值得注意的是无论上磁碗44如何上下运动，上磁性件41和下磁性件42之间的隔离区43始终是存在的，即当上磁碗44向下振动幅度最大时，上磁性件41都不会与第二磁体42和线圈46触碰阻碍运动。
空间低频调节板3连接在镂空弹片2和上磁碗44之间，既可以使镂空弹片2不整片贴附于上磁碗44上，自由的调整Z方向的架构堆叠，又可以调整上磁性件41和下磁性件42之间的隔离区大小。镂空弹片2与空间低频调节板3配合调整镂空弹片2的有效振动面积以调整装置的共振频率点。具体的，在镂空弹片2整体大小、厚度、材质不变的情况下，改变内弹片21的长宽和面积，进而改变内弹片21和外弹片22之间的连接弹片23的长度和面积，连接弹片23的长度和面积即为该镂空弹簧的有效振动面积，从而改变系统的共振频率点F0，灵活调整低频效果，共振频率点最低可以达到80Hz；同时空间低频调节板3随内弹片21长宽和面积的改变而改变，由于F0变化会导致振幅变化，所以该调节板的高度也需要做对应调整，完整连接镂空弹片2和上磁碗44的Z方向堆叠。隔离区43内填充有空气、阻尼材料、其他弹性件中的一种或多种，可以是磁液，泡棉，弹簧等。
如图3所示，镂空弹片2包括内弹片21、外弹片22以及多个连接在内弹片21和外弹片22之间的连接弹片23，内弹片21的大小与空间低频调节板3相等且安装在空间低频调节板3上，外弹片22安装在外部封装结构上。具体的，外 部封装结构包括外壳12和盖设在外壳12上的盖板13，镂空弹片2嵌设在外壳12内且与盖板13相对设置。为了进一步更好的固定镂空弹片2，外壳12在中空腔体11的开口端设置有安装槽14，镂空弹片2嵌设在安装槽14内，即外弹片22安装在安装槽内，内弹片21安装在空间低频调节板3上，而连接弹片23始终与上磁碗44相分离，保证镂空弹片2可以产生振动。
为了进一步保证整个发声装置的强度，以及隔音效果，盖板13盖设在安装槽14上，盖板与安装槽14配合且封闭中空腔体11。盖板13优选采用金属材料，刚性好、无形变，盖板12与镂空弹片2之间的间距大于镂空弹片2的工作最大振动位移，确保振动可以正常进行。
本发明的实施例还提供一种可穿戴设备，安装有上述的骨传导发声装置，可穿戴设备可以是耳机、可穿戴眼镜、AR、MR等，可传递低频信号且传递振幅适中，均衡整个声音频段。
本发明的一种骨传导发声装置和一种可穿戴设备，在镂空弹片和激励器之前设置空间低频调节版，通过空间低频调节板调整镂空弹片与激励器在Z轴方向上的构架堆叠，并调整隔离区的间隙以调整装置的共振频率点。使发声装置传递出的声音信号幅度适中，同时低音部分可以同步传递到耳道中，均衡整个声音频段，达到较好的声学效果，显著地提升用户体验和产品音质；激励器通过两个同极相对布置的上磁性件和下磁性件，完全利用磁力平衡来达到各部件之间的静态平衡，无需额外的支撑结构，结构简单，易于实现，降低生产成本；外部封装结构通过盖设盖板，增强了整个装置的强度，同时具有较好的隔音效果，有效防止了漏音现象的发生。
应该理解，以上描述是为了进行图示说明而不是为了进行限制。通过阅读上述描述，在所提供的示例之外的许多实施例和许多应用对本领域技术人员来说都将是显而易见的。因此，本教导的范围不应该参照上述描述来确定，而是应该参照前述权利要求以及这些权利要求所拥有的等价物的全部范围来确定。出于全面之目的，所有文章和参考包括专利申请和公告的公开都通过参考结合 在本文中。在前述权利要求中省略这里公开的主题的任何方面并不是为了放弃该主体内容，也不应该认为申请人没有将该主题考虑为所公开的发明主题的一部分。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种骨传导发声装置，包括外部封装结构，所述外部封装结构内设置有中空腔体，其特征在于，所述中空腔体内设置有：
    镂空弹片；
    激励器，所述激励器包括上磁性件和下磁性件，所述上磁性件和下磁性件在Z轴方向上平行相对设置，且存在间隙以形成隔离区；
    空间低频调节板，所述空间低频调节板设置在所述镂空弹片和激励器之间，所述空间低频调节板调整所述镂空弹片与所述激励器在Z轴方向上的构架堆叠，并调整所述隔离区的间隙，所述镂空弹片与所述空间低频调节板配合调整所述镂空弹片的有效振动面积以调整装置的共振频率点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述下磁性件的磁通量小于或等于所述上磁性件的磁通量，所述激励器还包括容纳所述上磁性件的上磁碗和容纳所述下磁性件的下磁碗，所述上磁性件和下磁性件同极相对布置，在未通电状态时，所述上磁性件和下磁性件之间的斥力与所述上磁性件和下磁碗之间的吸力相等以保持磁力静态平衡，达到最优的保真效果。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述激励器还包括线圈，所述线圈安装在所述下磁碗内且围绕所述下磁性件设置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述激励器还包括柔性电路板，所述柔性电路板设置在所述线圈和下磁碗之间，所述柔性电路板一端与所述线圈相连，另一端延伸至所述外部封装结构外。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述下磁碗安装在所述中空腔体底部，所述上磁碗与所述空间低频调节板相连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述下磁碗的底部表面积大于或等于所述上磁碗的底部表面积。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述上磁性件至少包括一个磁铁和/或所述下磁性件至少包括一个磁铁。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述隔离区内填充有空气、阻尼材料、弹性件中的一种或多种。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述镂空弹片包括内弹片、外弹片以及多个连接在所述内弹片和外弹片之间的连接弹片，所述内弹片安装在所述空间低频调节板上，所述外弹片安装在所述外部封装结构上。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述外部封装结构包括外壳和盖设在所述外壳上的盖板，所述镂空弹片嵌设在所述外壳内且与所述盖板相对设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的骨传导发声装置，其特征在于，所述盖板与所述镂空弹片之间的间距大于所述镂空弹片的最大工作振动位移。
  12. 一种可穿戴设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至11任一项权利要求所述的骨传导发声装置。
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CN112367596A (zh) * 2020-12-11 2021-02-12 苏州索迩电子技术有限公司 一种骨传导发声装置

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