WO2022185636A1 - 電子計算機、含水率計測方法、含水率計測システム - Google Patents
電子計算機、含水率計測方法、含水率計測システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022185636A1 WO2022185636A1 PCT/JP2021/043971 JP2021043971W WO2022185636A1 WO 2022185636 A1 WO2022185636 A1 WO 2022185636A1 JP 2021043971 W JP2021043971 W JP 2021043971W WO 2022185636 A1 WO2022185636 A1 WO 2022185636A1
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- sludge
- moisture content
- water content
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Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3554—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for determining moisture content
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
- C02F2209/006—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC] comprising a software program or a logic diagram
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
- G01N2021/8592—Grain or other flowing solid samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/12—Circuits of general importance; Signal processing
- G01N2201/127—Calibration; base line adjustment; drift compensation
- G01N2201/12746—Calibration values determination
- G01N2201/12753—Calibration values determination and storage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to measurement of the water content of dewatered sludge generated in sludge treatment equipment of sewage treatment plants.
- the solid content and water content in the sewage sludge are separated by methods such as screens and gravity sedimentation. Collected as sludge.
- the collected dehydrated sludge is then handed over to a contractor as industrial waste from a sewage treatment plant, for example, and incinerated or used to create a landfill.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for measuring the moisture content of dehydrated sludge in real time using infrared spectroscopy.
- Patent Literature 1 discloses an infrared moisture measuring device including a plurality of filters (six types of interference filters), a light source, and an optical system.
- the plurality of filters selects the infrared rays selected according to the type of dewatered sludge to be measured from narrow-band infrared rays having main wavelengths of 1940 nm, 1300 nm, 1725 nm, 1800 nm, 2060 nm, and 2100 nm. transparent.
- a light source emits light, including infrared light, onto the filter.
- the optical system irradiates the dehydrated sludge with infrared rays obtained through the filter and receives the infrared rays reflected from the dehydrated sludge. Then, in the technique of Patent Document 1, a combination of wavelengths is selected according to the type of dewatered sludge to be measured, and one calibration curve corresponding to the infrared rays of the selected wavelength and the amount of light reflected by the dehydrated sludge of the infrared rays Moisture value is calculated based on
- Patent Document 1 uses a plurality of interference filters, which complicates the measurement device and increases the size of the measurement device, which may limit the installation location on site.
- the present invention provides a moisture content measuring method capable of measuring the moisture content of dehydrated sludge with a small and simple measuring instrument, a computer capable of executing this moisture content measuring method, and this moisture content measuring method.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a moisture content measurement system capable of executing
- the computer can calculate the water content of dehydrated sludge discharged from the sludge dehydrator of the sewage treatment plant.
- An electronic computer includes a processor and storage resources.
- a moisture content calculation program is placed in the storage resource.
- the processor executes a moisture content calculation program and has a plurality of infrared LEDs, and the plurality of infrared LEDs is a light source capable of emitting infrared rays of different wavelengths, or continuously emitting infrared rays. and a light receiving unit capable of receiving at least infrared rays reflected from the object to be measured.
- a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dewatered sludge is obtained by performing multivariate regression analysis after differential processing or offset correction of the absorbance, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- the water content measurement method is a method of calculating the water content of dehydrated sludge using a computer.
- the moisture content measuring method has a plurality of infrared LEDs, and a light source capable of emitting infrared rays of different wavelengths from each of the plurality of infrared LEDs, or a light source consisting of a lamp capable of continuously emitting infrared rays. and a light receiving unit capable of receiving at least infrared rays reflected from the object to be measured.
- a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dewatered sludge is obtained by performing multivariate regression analysis after treatment or offset correction, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- a moisture content measurement system includes a processor, a storage resource, a sludge dehydrator, and an infrared measurement device.
- a sludge dehydrator is installed in a sewage treatment plant to dehydrate sludge and discharge the dehydrated sludge.
- the infrared measuring device has a plurality of infrared LEDs, and the plurality of infrared LEDs are light sources capable of emitting infrared rays of different wavelengths, respectively, or light sources composed of lamps capable of continuously emitting infrared rays. and a light receiving unit capable of receiving at least infrared rays reflected from an object to be measured.
- a moisture content calculation program is placed in the storage resource.
- the processor executes a moisture content calculation program to measure the dehydrated sludge using an infrared measurement device and obtain the reflectance of infrared rays or the absorbance of reflected light, and perform multivariate regression analysis after differential processing or offset correction.
- a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dewatered sludge is obtained, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- the following electronic computer can calculate the water content of dehydrated sludge discharged from the sludge dehydrator of the sewage treatment plant.
- An electronic computer includes a processor and storage resources.
- a moisture content calculation program is placed in the storage resource.
- the processor can execute a moisture content calculation program to receive the infrared light reflected from the object to be measured, with a white light source such as halogen or tungsten that emits infrared light, a mechanism that disperses the reflected light into different wavelengths, and an object to be measured.
- a white light source such as halogen or tungsten that emits infrared light
- a mechanism that disperses the reflected light into different wavelengths and an object to be measured.
- a water content of the dewatered sludge by multivariate regression analysis after reducing noise by offset correction processing etc.
- a calibration curve for calculating is obtained, and the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- the water content measurement method is a method of calculating the water content of dehydrated sludge using a computer.
- a white light source such as a halogen or tungsten lamp is used.
- an infrared measurement device comprising a light receiving part capable of receiving light
- a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dewatered sludge is obtained by multivariate regression analysis after differential processing, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- a moisture content measurement system includes a processor, a storage resource, a sludge dehydrator, and an infrared measurement device.
- a sludge dehydrator is installed in a sewage treatment plant to dehydrate sludge and discharge the dehydrated sludge.
- An infrared measurement device has a light source (a white light source such as a tungsten lamp or a halogen lamp), a light emitting part that can emit infrared light through a fiber, and an infrared light reflected from the object to be measured. a light-receiving unit capable of receiving infrared reflected light for each unit.
- a moisture content calculation program is placed in the storage resource.
- the processor executes a moisture content calculation program, measures the dewatered sludge using an infrared measurement device, and performs noise reduction processing such as offset correction on the absorption spectrum of the reflected infrared light acquired, and then performs multivariate regression analysis. , a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dewatered sludge is obtained, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- a water content measuring method capable of measuring the water content of dehydrated sludge with a small and simple measuring instrument, a computer capable of executing this water content measuring method, and this water content measuring method.
- a moisture content measurement system is provided that can perform
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a method for obtaining a calibration curve and calculating the water content of dehydrated sludge according to the first embodiment;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a method for obtaining a calibration curve and calculating the water content of dehydrated sludge according to the first embodiment;
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a method for obtaining a calibration curve and calculating the water content of dehydrated sludge according to the first embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 9 is a flow chart for explaining an example of processing of the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. It is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing of the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system according to the third embodiment.
- 1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining an example of the configuration of the moisture content measurement system according to the first embodiment.
- the water content measurement system 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a system that can measure dewatered sludge in a sewage treatment plant and calculate the water content, and includes a sludge dehydrator and a water content measurement mechanism 2.
- the sludge dehydrator includes a sludge dehydrator dewatering section 11 and a sludge dehydrator discharge section 12.
- the sludge dehydrator dewatering section 11 constitutes a dewatering section of the sludge dehydrator, and dewaters the sludge flowing in from the upstream side.
- the sludge dehydrator dehydrator 11 can be, for example, a belt press dehydrator, a screw press dehydrator, or a centrifugal dehydrator.
- the sludge dehydrator discharge section 12 constitutes the discharge section of the sludge dehydrator, and the sludge dehydrated in the sludge dehydrator dehydrator section 11 is discharged to the outside of the sludge dehydrator through the sludge dehydrator discharge section 12. and flows downstream.
- the moisture content measuring mechanism 2 includes an infrared measurement device 21, an infrared signal processing device 22, and a computer 31 (electronic computer).
- the infrared measurement device 21 converts light in the infrared region (infrared rays) reflected and received from the object into an electric signal (sometimes called a measurement signal).
- the infrared measuring device 21 is appropriately provided so as to measure the dewatered sludge after the dehydration treatment by the sludge dehydrator dewatering section 11 .
- the infrared measurement device 21 is provided, for example, in the sludge dehydrator discharge section 12, a channel on the downstream side of the sludge dehydrator discharge section 12, or the like.
- the infrared measurement device 21 may be provided at the sludge discharge port of the sludge transfer pump or the sludge storage tank. If the surface of the dewatered sludge is uneven, the light reception signal information varies. Therefore, a scraper or a pressing mechanism may be provided as a mechanism for flattening the surface of the dehydrated sludge.
- the infrared measurement device 21 is composed of an infrared sensor integrally provided with a light source and a light receiving section.
- the light source is composed of a plurality of infrared LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes), and each infrared LED can irradiate infrared rays of different wavelengths.
- the light receiving section is composed of an infrared photodiode.
- the light-receiving unit receives reflected light or scattered light from an object (dehydrated sludge in this embodiment) to generate an electric current.
- the infrared signal processing device 22 performs signal processing on the input measurement signal, acquires infrared reflectance information (infrared spectrum), and outputs the acquired infrared reflectance information to the calculator 31 . By analyzing this infrared reflectance information, the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge can be obtained.
- the infrared measurement device may have a configuration of an infrared sensor (infrared measurement device 21a) in which a light source and a light receiving section are provided separately.
- the moisture content measuring mechanism 3 is configured.
- the light source is composed of a white light source such as a tungsten lamp or a halogen lamp. This light source can continuously emit infrared rays of wavelengths in the infrared region, and can irradiate an object with infrared rays of each wavelength at once.
- the light-receiving unit includes a spectroscope, and receives reflected light and scattered light from an object (dewatered sludge in this embodiment) after separating them into infrared rays of respective wavelengths.
- the angle between the irradiation optical fiber and the reflected light receiving fiber that is, the angle formed by the directions of the irradiation light probe and the reflected light receiving probe
- the received light intensity was good. It is set so that the received light intensity increases.
- the infrared measuring device has a configuration in which an irradiating optical fiber (irradiating light probe) is centered and a reflected light receiving fiber (reflected light receiving probe) surrounds the irradiating optical fiber (infrared measuring device 21b).
- the moisture content measuring mechanism 4 is configured.
- the irradiation optical fiber and the reflected light receiving fiber are installed so as to be parallel when viewed from the side.
- the irradiation optical fiber and the reflected light receiving fiber are preferably installed so as to receive the reflected light parallel or substantially parallel (narrow angle) to the irradiation light.
- the infrared measurement devices (21a, 21b) convert light in the infrared region (infrared rays) reflected and received from the object into electrical signals (sometimes called measurement signals).
- the infrared measuring devices (21a, 21b) are appropriately provided so as to measure the dewatered sludge after the dehydration treatment by the sludge dehydrator dewatering unit 11.
- the infrared measuring devices (21a, 21b) are provided, for example, in the sludge dehydrator discharge section 12, the flow path downstream of the sludge dehydrator discharge section 12, and the like.
- the sludge discharge port of the sludge transfer pump or the infrared measuring device (21a, 21b) may be provided in the sludge storage tank.
- the infrared signal processing device 22 performs signal processing on measurement signals input from the infrared measuring devices (21a, 21b), acquires infrared reflectance information and infrared absorbance information (infrared spectrum), and acquires infrared reflection
- the rate information and infrared absorbance information are output to the computer 31 . Then, by analyzing the infrared reflectance information and the infrared absorbance information, the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge can be obtained.
- the computer 31 includes a processor and storage resources.
- a processor is configured as an arithmetic unit.
- the storage resource can be any suitable storage device (eg, hard disk drive).
- the storage resource is a multivariate regression analysis (
- a calibration curve for calculating the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge is obtained by performing multiple regression analysis, and a program used to calculate the moisture content of the dewatered sludge using the calibration curve (moisture content calculation program ) is stored.
- a program stored in the storage resource is then executed by the processor.
- differentiation processing may be performed depending on the case. Later, by performing multivariate regression analysis (multiple regression analysis in this embodiment), a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dehydrated sludge is obtained, and the water content of the dewatered sludge is calculated using the calibration curve.
- a program (moisture content calculation program) used for is stored.
- the offset correction process is, for example, a process of aligning all absorbance data in the wavelength range to be analyzed with the absorbance of the spectrum of a certain specific wavelength set to zero.
- FIG. 4 is a flow chart for explaining an example of a method for obtaining a calibration curve and calculating the moisture content of dewatered sludge.
- processing is performed to obtain a calibration curve for calculating the water content of the dehydrated sludge (S102-S106).
- processing step S102 the dewatered sludge having a known moisture content is irradiated with infrared rays using an infrared measuring device, and infrared reflectance information of the known dewatered sludge is input to the computer 31 via the infrared signal processing device 22.
- the computer 31 only needs to be able to acquire the infrared reflectance information, and the operation of the infrared measuring device may be controlled by the computer 31 as an example.
- the memory resource of the computer 31 stores a program for properly operating the infrared measuring device, and the processor executes the program to properly operate the infrared measuring device.
- dewatered sludge having different water contents is measured.
- the dehydrated sludge is irradiated with infrared light of a plurality of wavelengths in the wavelength range of 1300 nm or more and 2400 nm or less.
- the amount of reflected infrared light is measured over time.
- a lamp light source such as a tungsten lamp
- infrared light is irradiated onto the dewatered sludge, and the reflected infrared light is spectroscopically measured in the wavelength range of 1100 nm to 2600 nm, and the amount of infrared light is measured over time.
- the computer 31 acquires the infrared reflectance information of each dewatered sludge having a different moisture content. Since the infrared light is absorbed by the water component, the reflectance decreases as the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge increases, and increases as the moisture content of the dewatered sludge decreases.
- the calculator 31 performs first-order differentiation processing on the infrared reflectance and obtains a value based on the first-order differentiation processing (S103). That is, the calculator 31 acquires data indicating the correspondence relationship between the first order differential value (dimensionless) of the infrared reflectance of the dehydrated sludge having different water contents and the wavelength.
- the number of variables i.e., the interval between data points in the wavelength range
- the coefficient b 0 , b 1 , . . . b n
- the wavelength range is not particularly limited, as an example, a calibration curve is obtained based on data in a wavelength range in which the first derivative values of dehydrated sludge having different water contents have little variation.
- the calculator 31 calculates the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge ( predicted value) can be calculated.
- the measurement is performed in the wavelength range of 1100 nm or more and 2600 nm or less, and the obtained infrared reflectance is first differentiated to obtain the calibration curve. can be used to accurately calculate the water content of the dewatered sludge.
- the computer 31 stores the calibration curve obtained in processing step S105 in the storage resource as learning information (S106). In subsequent processing, the computer 31 calculates the moisture content using the calibration curve stored in the memory resource as learning information (S107-S109).
- the dehydrated sludge discharged from the sludge dewatering machine over time is measured over time by an infrared measuring device (S107), and the computer 31 acquires infrared reflectance information based on the data acquired by the over-time measurement.
- the infrared measurement device 21 irradiates infrared rays of a plurality of wavelengths in a wavelength range of 1300 nm or more and 2400 nm or less, and the dehydrated sludge is measured over time.
- the calculator 31 inputs the infrared reflectance obtained by measurement (specifically, the data of the wavelength corresponding to X on the calibration curve obtained from the infrared reflectance) to the calibration curve, and obtains the analysis result. (S108), the water content of the dehydrated sludge is calculated (S109).
- the water content of the dehydrated sludge (that is, the dehydrated sludge with a known water content measured in S102 above) used to obtain the calibration curve is in the range of 60 wt% or more and less than 90 wt%. there were. Based on this condition, an accurate calibration curve can be obtained. Also, the water content of the dehydrated sludge (that is, the dewatered sludge discharged from the sludge dehydrator measured in S107) calculated using the calibration curve was in the range of 60 wt% or more and less than 85 wt%. Based on this condition, the water content of the dehydrated sludge can be calculated with high accuracy.
- the method for measuring the moisture content of dewatered sludge described in this embodiment allows simple measurement.
- measurement can be performed using a simple measurement mechanism. That is, measurement can be performed using a small and simple infrared measurement device instead of a measurement device using an interference filter or the like. Therefore, it is possible to solve the problem that the measuring device becomes complicated and large, and the installation place at the site is limited.
- the method for measuring the moisture content of dehydrated sludge described in the present embodiment it is possible to improve the measurement accuracy by subjecting the infrared reflectance to primary differential processing as pre-analysis processing, for example. Therefore, the water content of the dehydrated sludge can be calculated with high accuracy.
- the water content of dewatered sludge can be obtained with high accuracy by performing first-order differential processing.
- the first-order differential processing suppressed the effect due to the difference in irradiation capability of each infrared ray and the difference in sensitivity for each wavelength of infrared rays to be received. That is, for example, when the intensity of irradiated infrared rays is stronger at short wavelengths than at long wavelengths, and the sensitivity of received infrared rays is higher at short wavelengths than at long wavelengths, the measurement result on the short wavelength side shows that on the long wavelength side. It is thought that the measurement results may be buried, but it is thought that this can be resolved by differential processing.
- the primary differential processing was described as the differential processing, but the primary differential processing is an example, and the differential processing to be performed may be appropriately selected, for example, according to the components of the dewatered sludge. , but not limited to first-order differential processing.
- offset processing may be performed on the reflection spectrum to reduce noise in the infrared reflection spectrum.
- smoothing or the like may be employed, and is appropriately selected so as to increase the prediction accuracy of the moisture content.
- the absorbance of the reflected infrared light is measured (S102'), and the spectrum of the absorbance of the reflected infrared light is offset-corrected (S103').
- a calibration curve may be determined.
- the absorbance obtained by measurement may be input to this calibration curve and analyzed (S108') to calculate the predicted value of the moisture content.
- the moisture content measurement system 1 may include a display device 41, as shown in FIGS.
- the display device 41 can be configured as a suitable display and can be arranged in the sewage treatment plant. Then, the calculated water content of the dehydrated sludge (that is, the water content calculated in S109 above) may be displayed on the display device 41 .
- a suitable program for displaying the moisture content of the dewatered sludge is stored in the storage resource of the computer 31, and the moisture content of the dewatered sludge is displayed based on the execution of the program by the processor.
- the water content of the dewatered sludge discharged from the sludge dehydrator is compared with the desired sludge water content (that is, the good water content of the dehydrated sludge discharged from the sludge dehydrator).
- the desired sludge water content that is, the good water content of the dehydrated sludge discharged from the sludge dehydrator.
- the moisture content of the dewatered sludge may be obtained using the calibration curve obtained above.
- the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge discharged from the sludge dewatering machine over time may be calculated over time.
- the equipment operation procedure described above can be used as data indicating the operation procedure of the sludge dehydrator for bringing the water content of the dewatered sludge close to the desired sludge water content.
- the equipment operation procedure can be data based on the operation procedure of a skilled worker, and the equipment operation procedure includes, for example, the pressure of the sludge dehydrator to bring the moisture content of the dewatered sludge closer to the desired sludge moisture content.
- Adjustment operation procedure operation procedure for increasing the dehydration pressure to approach the desired sludge moisture content when the current moisture content is higher than the desired sludge moisture content, dehydration when the current moisture content is lower than the desired sludge moisture content
- An operating procedure to reduce the pressure to approach the desired sludge moisture content may also be included.
- the data on the desired sludge moisture content and the facility operation procedure are stored in the storage resources of the computer 31.
- the desired sludge water content and the water content of the dewatered sludge obtained during operation of the sludge dehydrator are compared, and the sludge dehydrator equipment operation procedure for making the water content of the dewatered sludge favorable. is stored in the storage resource of the computer 31.
- the processor executing the operation procedure display program the equipment operation procedure for bringing the moisture content of the dehydrated sludge closer to the desired sludge moisture content is sequentially displayed on the display device 41, thereby supporting the operation of the equipment for sewage sludge treatment. becomes possible.
- the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system is designed to improve the efficiency of sludge treatment in a sewage treatment plant where sewage treatment facilities are installed, such as a coagulation and mixing tank, a sludge dehydrator, and a sludge storage tank, as a flow of the sewage treatment process. It is provided to realize operation support and control of sewage treatment equipment to promote wastewater treatment.
- the flocculating and mixing tank is a tank used for adding a flocculating agent to flocculate turbidity in wastewater to form flocculated flocs as aggregated particles.
- the agglomeration-mixing tank is provided with a stirring device, and the interior of the agglomeration-mixing tank is agitated by the agitation device.
- the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system includes, for example, an imaging device, an infrared measuring device, an imaging signal processing device, an infrared signal processing device 22, a computer 31, and a display device 41.
- An imaging device is a device that has an image sensor, and converts an image of light (physical quantity) of an object into an electrical signal (sometimes called an image signal) according to the intensity of the light.
- the imaging device is provided so as to be able to take an image of the sludge inside the flocculation and mixing tank, and the imaging device outputs an image signal acquired by imaging to the imaging signal processing device.
- the imaging signal processing device is a device that acquires image information by performing signal processing on an image signal input from the imaging device, and the acquired image information is output to the computer 31 .
- the storage resource of the computer 31 stores the desired flocculation state, the desired sludge moisture content, and the facility operation procedure as data.
- the desired agglomerated floc state is data that indicates a good agglomerated floc state in the agglomeration mixing tank.
- the equipment operation procedure includes the flocculation for bringing the flocculated flocs in the flocculation and mixing tank closer to the desired flocculated floc state.
- a mixing tank operating procedure is included.
- the equipment operation procedure related to the operation procedure of the aggregation and mixing tank can be data based on the operation procedure of a skilled worker.
- Equipment operating procedures may include, for example, operating procedures for the agitator of the agglomerate mixing vessel to bring the agglomerated floc closer to the desired agglomerated floc.
- an operation procedure may be included to increase the agitating speed of the agglomeration mixing tank to reduce the flocculated flocs.
- Equipment operating procedures may also include, for example, operating procedures for adding flocculating agents to bring the flocculated flocs closer to the desired agglomerated flocs.
- an operating procedure may be included to increase the amount of flocculant added to increase the flocculated flocs.
- the operation procedure display program compares the desired sludge water content with the water content of the dehydrated sludge obtained when the sludge dewatering machine is in operation, and makes the water content of the dewatered sludge a good water content.
- the desired flocculated floc state is compared with the flocculated flocs obtained during the operation of the flocculation mixing tank, and the flocculated floc state is improved. It is used to sequentially display on the display device 41 the facility operation procedure of the agglomeration and mixing tank for achieving a good state.
- the equipment operation procedures of the flocculation and mixing tank and the sludge dewatering machine are sequentially displayed on the display device 41, making it possible to support the equipment operation in the sewage sludge treatment.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining an example of processing of the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system. Note that the description of S101 to S109 in FIG. 6 is omitted because the same processing as in the first embodiment is performed.
- Processing step S901 After starting the operation of the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system (S901), processing is performed to acquire the desired flocculated floc state. Processing step S901 can be performed at the same timing as processing step S101.
- the sludge inside the flocculation and mixing tank is measured over time by an imaging device, image information is input to the computer 31 via the imaging signal processing device (S902), and the image information is stored in the computer 31 (S903).
- the computer 31 only needs to be able to acquire image information, and the operation of the imaging device may be controlled by the computer 31 as an example.
- the storage resource of the computer 31 stores a program for properly operating the imaging device, and the processor executes the program to properly operate the imaging device.
- the computer 31 performs image processing on the acquired image information to clarify the aggregated flocs.
- the image processing is performed by the processor executing an appropriate program (that is, an appropriate program for image processing) stored in the storage resource.
- the image processing (S904 to S910) will be explained.
- the computer 31 performs processing for monochrome conversion of the acquired image information (S904).
- the monochrome image is subjected to histogram averaging processing for flattening (that is, increasing the contrast) (S905).
- the histogram-averaged image is subjected to Gaussian filter processing (that is, processing is performed to blur the image and adjust the brightness smoothly).
- the computer 31 performs binarization processing on the Gaussian filtered image (S907).
- a binary image with the sewage area as the background is acquired.
- a process of extracting the outline of the pixel region with the sewage portion as the background region is performed (S908).
- the agglomerated floc portion is extracted.
- the connectivity of the pixel region with the contour is determined, the portion having the same value as the pixel of the contour of the pixel region is extracted from the background portion, and the pixel connected region for the background portion is extracted (S909).
- the pixel-connected region is assumed to be in the form of an agglomerated floc, and a process of calculating the integrated number of pixels by accumulating the number of pixels in the pixel-connected region, and converting the integrated pixel number based on the area of the image measured (acquired) by the imaging device. Then, a process of calculating the area of the aggregated flocs, which is the area of the aggregated flocs, is performed. That is, the number of pixels in the pixel-connected region (accumulated pixel number) is obtained, and the aggregated floc area is converted from the accumulated pixel number in consideration of the area of the image acquired by the imaging device 105 (S910).
- the above-described processing (S904 to S910) is performed by, for example, an experienced person who has extensive experience in operating sewage sludge treatment equipment. Then, the result based on the equipment operation by the experienced operator (that is, the data of the good state of agglomerated floc) is stored (learned) in the storage resource of the computer 31 as the desired agglomerated floc state (S911).
- the desired aggregated floc state can be calculated, for example, as data on the area of aggregated flocs.
- the flocculated flocs (calculated in S110) and the desired flocculated floc state are compared, and the water content of the dewatered sludge (predicted value output in S109) and the desired sludge water content Analysis processing is performed to compare rates (S111).
- the operation procedure of the flocculation and mixing tank for approaching the desired flocculated floc state and the operation procedure of the sludge dehydrator for approaching the desired sludge moisture content (that is, the contents of the recommended equipment operation) are sequentially displayed on the display device 41. is displayed (S112).
- the display content of the display device 41 assists the operator in operating equipment in sewage sludge treatment.
- the calibration curve described in the first embodiment can be used to accurately calculate the water content of the dewatered sludge, and the sewage sludge treatment facility operation support navigation system can be operated.
- a calibration curve is obtained from dehydrated sludge having a known moisture content in the range of 60 wt % or more and less than 90 wt %. Also, using a calibration curve, dehydrated sludge with a moisture content in the range of 60 wt % or more and less than 85 wt % is measured.
- the absorbance of reflected infrared light is measured (S102'), the absorbance is offset-corrected (S103'), and a calibration curve is obtained from the offset-corrected data. Then, by inputting the absorbance of the reflected light into this calibration curve and analyzing it (S108'), the water content is calculated.
- any one of the moisture content measuring mechanism 2, the moisture content measuring mechanism 3, or the moisture content measuring mechanism 4 can be used, but in the present embodiment, the moisture content measuring mechanism 3 or A moisture content measuring mechanism 4 is used.
- S102, S103, S107 and S108 are replaced with S102', S103', S107' and S108'.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail for better understanding of the present invention, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the configurations described.
- the infrared signal processing device 22 performs signal processing of the acquired data. processing may be performed. Alternatively, the infrared signal processing device 22 may be omitted, a program for performing the signal processing may be stored in the storage resource of the computer 31, and the signal processing may be performed by executing the program by the processor. That is, the computer 31 may store the data acquired by the temporal measurement by the infrared measurement device in the storage resource, and calculate the infrared reflectance and the infrared absorbance from the data by executing the program.
- the signal processing of the acquired data is performed by the imaging signal processing device.
- the imaging signal processing device may be omitted, a program for performing the signal processing may be stored in the memory resource of the computer 31, and the signal processing may be performed by executing the program by the processor. That is, the computer 31 may store data acquired by temporal measurement by the imaging device in a storage resource, and acquire image information from the data by executing the program.
- the position of the imaging device described above is not particularly limited as long as the agglomerated flocs in the aggregating and mixing tank can be measured appropriately.
- the imaging device can be appropriately installed at a position where flocculated flocs can be measured in the flocculation and mixing tank, inside the flocculation and mixing tank, outside the flocculation and mixing tank, in the sludge flow path on the downstream side of the flocculation and mixing tank, etc. can be done.
- a CPU can be considered as an example of a processor, but other semiconductor devices (for example, GPU) may be used as long as they are the subject that executes predetermined processing.
- semiconductor devices for example, GPU
- the storage resource can be a hard disk drive (HDD), but the storage resource can be an appropriate recording device.
- the storage resource may be, for example, a Solid State Drive (SSD), which is a drive using semiconductor device memory.
- SSD Solid State Drive
- the infrared reflectance and absorbance values to be acquired are affected by the temperature and humidity, the smoothness of the dehydrated sludge surface, and the distance between the dehydrated sludge and the light receiving part. Therefore, an analysis process may be performed in consideration of the temperature and humidity at and around the sludge measurement point, the smoothness of the surface of the dehydrated sludge, and the distance between the dehydrated sludge and the light receiving section. Moreover, the measured result may be corrected by the temperature, humidity, smoothness of the surface of the dehydrated sludge, and the distance between the dehydrated sludge and the light receiving section. By doing so, it is possible to improve the measurement accuracy.
- the infrared reflectance of the dewatered sludge is measured, multivariate regression analysis is performed without primary differential processing to obtain a calibration curve, and the infrared reflectance of the dewatered sludge is used to obtain the calibration curve.
- the coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.686
- the prediction variation (standard deviation) was 4.756 wt%
- the measurement accuracy was higher than that of the first embodiment. was low and inadequate.
- the measurement was performed using the same configuration as the infrared measurement device 21 .
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Abstract
Description
2 含水率計測機構
3 含水率計測機構
4 含水率計測機構
11 汚泥脱水機脱水部
12 汚泥脱水機排出部
21 赤外線計測装置
21a 赤外線計測装置
21b 赤外線計測装置
22 赤外線信号処理装置
31 計算機
41 表示装置
Claims (15)
- 下水処理場の汚泥脱水機から排出される脱水汚泥の含水率を算出することができる電子計算機であって、
プロセッサと、記憶資源と、を備え、
前記記憶資源には、
含水率算出プログラムが配置され、
前記プロセッサは、
前記含水率算出プログラムを実行して、
複数の赤外線LEDを有しており、複数の前記赤外線LEDがそれぞれ異なる波長の赤外線を発光することができる光源、または、赤外線を連続的に発光することができるランプからなる光源と、計測する対象物から反射する少なくとも赤外線を受光することができる受光部と、を備える赤外線計測装置により計測されて取得される脱水汚泥の赤外線の反射率または反射光の吸光度を、微分処理またはオフセット補正した後に多変量回帰分析することにより、脱水汚泥の含水率を算出するための検量線を求め、前記検量線を用いて脱水汚泥の含水率を算出する、
ことを特徴とする電子計算機。 - 請求項1に記載の電子計算機であって、
含水率が60wt%以上90wt%未満の範囲にある脱水汚泥から前記検量線を求め、
前記検量線を用いて算出する脱水汚泥の含水率が、60wt%以上85wt%未満の範囲にある、
ことを特徴とする電子計算機。 - 請求項1に記載の電子計算機であって、
1100nm~2400nmの波長範囲にある赤外線を発光させて取得する赤外線の反射率または反射光の吸光度を用いて前記検量線を求める、
ことを特徴とする電子計算機。 - 請求項1に記載の電子計算機であって、
前記記憶資源には、
下水処理場の凝集混和槽における良好な凝集フロック状態である所望凝集フロック状態と、
汚泥脱水機から排出される脱水汚泥の良好な含水率である所望汚泥含水率と、
前記凝集混和槽における凝集フロック状態を前記所望凝集フロック状態にし、且つ、前記汚泥脱水機から排出される脱水汚泥の含水率を前記所望汚泥含水率にするための、前記凝集混和槽と前記汚泥脱水機の設備操作手順と、がデータとして記憶され、
前記所望凝集フロック状態および前記所望汚泥含水率と、下水処理設備の稼働時に取得する前記凝集フロック状態および前記下水処理設備の稼働時に取得する前記脱水汚泥の含水率と、を比較して、前記凝集フロック状態を良好な状態にし、且つ、前記脱水汚泥の含水率を良好な含水率にするための、前記凝集混和槽と前記汚泥脱水機の設備操作手順を表示装置に逐次表示することに用いる操作手順表示プログラムが記憶され、
前記プロセッサが前記操作手順表示プログラムを実行して、
前記所望凝集フロック状態および前記所望汚泥含水率と、前記下水処理設備の稼働時に取得する前記凝集フロック状態および前記下水処理設備の稼働時に取得する前記脱水汚泥の含水率と、を比較して、前記凝集フロック状態を良好な状態にし、且つ、前記脱水汚泥の含水率を良好な含水率にするための、前記凝集混和槽と前記汚泥脱水機の設備操作手順を表示装置に逐次表示する、処理を行う際に、
前記プロセッサが前記含水率算出プログラムを実行して、
前記汚泥脱水機から排出される脱水汚泥の含水率を、前記検量線を用いて算出する、
ことを特徴とする電子計算機。 - 請求項1の電子計算機であって、
前記多変量回帰分析の前に、一次微分処理またはオフセット補正処理を行う、
ことを特徴とする電子計算機。 - 電子計算機を用いて脱水汚泥の含水率を算出する含水率計測方法であって、
複数の赤外線LEDを有しており、複数の前記赤外線LEDがそれぞれ異なる波長の赤外線を発光することができる光源、または、赤外線を連続的に発光することができるランプからなる光源と、計測する対象物から反射する少なくとも赤外線を受光することができる受光部と、を備える赤外線計測装置を用いて脱水汚泥を計測して取得される赤外線の反射率または反射光の吸光度を、微分処理またはオフセット補正処理した後に多変量回帰分析することにより、脱水汚泥の含水率を算出するための検量線を求め、前記検量線を用いて脱水汚泥の含水率を算出する、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測方法。 - 請求項6に記載の含水率計測方法であって、
含水率が60wt%以上90wt%未満の範囲にある脱水汚泥から前記検量線を求め、
前記検量線を用いて算出する脱水汚泥の含水率が、60wt%以上85wt%未満の範囲にある、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測方法。 - 請求項6に記載の含水率計測方法であって、
1100nm~2400nmの波長範囲にある赤外線を発光させて取得する赤外線の反射率または反射光の吸光度を用いて前記検量線を求める、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測方法。 - 請求項6に記載の含水率計測方法であって、
前記汚泥脱水機から排出される脱水汚泥の含水率を良好な含水率に近付けるための支援を行う下水汚泥処理設備運転支援ナビゲーションシステムの運転時に、前記汚泥脱水機から排出される脱水汚泥の含水率を、前記検量線を用いて算出する、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測方法。 - 請求項6に記載の含水率計測方法であって、
前記多変量回帰分析の前に、一次微分処理またはオフセット補正を行う、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測方法。 - 請求項6から請求項10までの何れか一項に記載の含水率計測方法を電子計算機に実行させるプログラム。
- プロセッサと、記憶資源と、汚泥脱水機と、赤外線計測装置と、を備え、
前記汚泥脱水機は、
下水処理場内に設置され、汚泥を脱水して脱水汚泥を排出し、
前記赤外線計測装置は、
複数の赤外線LEDを有しており、複数の前記赤外線LEDがそれぞれ異なる波長の赤外線を発光することができる光源、または、赤外線を連続的に発光することができるランプからなる光源と、計測する対象物から反射する少なくとも赤外線を受光することができる受光部と、を備え、
前記記憶資源には、
含水率算出プログラムが配置され、
前記プロセッサは、
前記含水率算出プログラムを実行して、
前記赤外線計測装置を用いて脱水汚泥を計測して取得する赤外線の反射率または反射光の吸光度を、微分処理またはオフセット補正した後に多変量回帰分析することにより、脱水汚泥の含水率を算出するための検量線を求め、前記検量線を用いて脱水汚泥の含水率を算出する、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測システム。 - 請求項12に記載の含水率計測システムであって、
含水率が60wt%以上90wt%未満の範囲にある脱水汚泥から前記検量線を求め、
前記検量線を用いて算出する脱水汚泥の含水率が、60wt%以上85wt%未満の範囲にある、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測システム。 - 請求項12に記載の含水率計測システムであって、
1100nm~2400nmの波長範囲にある赤外線を発光させて取得する赤外線の反射率または反射光の吸光度を用いて前記検量線を求める、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測システム。 - 請求項12に記載の含水率計測システムであって、
前記多変量回帰分析の前に、一次微分処理またはオフセット補正を行う、
ことを特徴とする含水率計測システム。
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JP2003156437A (ja) * | 2001-11-20 | 2003-05-30 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | 赤外線水分測定方法及び装置 |
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