WO2022178921A1 - 显示装置 - Google Patents

显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022178921A1
WO2022178921A1 PCT/CN2021/080283 CN2021080283W WO2022178921A1 WO 2022178921 A1 WO2022178921 A1 WO 2022178921A1 CN 2021080283 W CN2021080283 W CN 2021080283W WO 2022178921 A1 WO2022178921 A1 WO 2022178921A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
viewing angle
optical element
substrate
liquid crystal
display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/080283
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何瑞
程薇
黄长治
刘广辉
Original Assignee
武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 武汉华星光电技术有限公司
Priority to US17/281,591 priority Critical patent/US11789298B2/en
Publication of WO2022178921A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022178921A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133626—Illuminating devices providing two modes of illumination, e.g. day-night
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/1323—Arrangements for providing a switchable viewing angle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1343—Electrodes
    • G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
    • G02F1/134345—Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1347—Arrangement of liquid crystal layers or cells in which the final condition of one light beam is achieved by the addition of the effects of two or more layers or cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306—Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • G02F1/13318—Circuits comprising a photodetector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/13338—Input devices, e.g. touch panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133615—Edge-illuminating devices, i.e. illuminating from the side
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2202/00—Materials and properties
    • G02F2202/04—Materials and properties dye
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/48—Variable attenuator

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular, to a display device.
  • liquid crystal displays are widely used in electronic devices such as high-definition digital televisions, desktop computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), notebook computers, and digital cameras.
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • under-screen sensor technology and transparent display technology have become a must for the industry.
  • a special design of the backlight module is required.
  • a common backlight module is used with a transparent backlight module, so that the signal light can reach the under-screen sensor area through the transparent backlight module to realize the corresponding identification function.
  • the transparent backlight module is simply used to provide backlight for the sensor area under the screen, the light diverges seriously, resulting in a dim brightness in this area, resulting in uneven viewing angles.
  • the present application provides a display device, which solves the technical problem that in the under-screen sensor technology, the use of a transparent backlight module in an existing display device easily leads to uneven viewing angles during screen display.
  • the present application provides a display device, comprising:
  • a display panel comprising at least one display sensing area and a main display area surrounding the display sensing area;
  • the first backlight module includes an optical element, and at least a part of the optical element is arranged completely facing the display sensing area, and the optical element can switch between a fog state and a transparent state;
  • a light sensor disposed on a side of the first backlight module away from the display panel and corresponding to the display sensing area;
  • a viewing angle control assembly disposed between the display panel and the light sensor and corresponding to the display sensing area, the viewing angle control assembly includes a dimming area and a light transmission area that are spaced and alternately arranged;
  • the viewing angle adjusting component when the optical element is in the fog state, the viewing angle adjusting component is used to shrink the exit angle of the backlight passing through the viewing angle adjusting component; when the optical element is in the transparent state, the external light is transmitted through The light sensor is incident to the light sensor through the viewing angle control component and the first backlight module and performs the function of the light sensor.
  • the viewing angle control assembly includes:
  • the transparent medium layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the transparent medium layer is provided with a plurality of first through holes arranged at intervals, and the first through holes are filled with a liquid crystal dye layer to form a dimming structure, the liquid crystal dye layer includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules;
  • a first electrode disposed on the side of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
  • a second electrode disposed on the side of the second substrate facing the first substrate
  • the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in several of the dimming structures are perpendicular to the first substrate; when the optical element is in the transparent state, several The long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the dimming structure are parallel to the first substrate.
  • the first electrode includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes arranged at intervals
  • the second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals
  • each of the first sub-electrodes is associated with one of the first sub-electrodes.
  • the second sub-electrodes are arranged correspondingly, and a plurality of the first sub-electrodes and a plurality of the second sub-electrodes are arranged corresponding to a plurality of the dimming structures.
  • the transparent medium layer further includes a plurality of second through holes, each of the second through holes intersects and communicates with a plurality of the first through holes;
  • the second through holes are filled with the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to form the dimming structure.
  • the orthographic projection of each of the first through holes on the transparent medium layer is in the shape of a long strip and extends along a first direction;
  • the orthographic projection on the dielectric layer is elongated and extends along the second direction;
  • first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the viewing angle contraction degree ⁇ arctan[(p-w)/h] of the viewing angle adjusting component
  • w is the width of the first through hole
  • p is the period length of the first through hole
  • h is the height of the first through hole.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules
  • the dye molecules are positive dye molecules or negative dye molecules.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component is located on a side of the optical element close to the display panel, and the optical element is located between the viewing angle adjusting component and the light sensor.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component is located on a side of the optical element away from the display panel, and the viewing angle adjusting component is located between the optical element and the light sensor.
  • the optical element is disposed corresponding to the main display area and the display sensing area.
  • the present application provides a display device, comprising:
  • a display panel comprising at least one display sensing area and a main display area surrounding the display sensing area;
  • the first backlight module includes an optical element, and at least a part of the optical element is arranged completely facing the display sensing area, and the optical element can switch between a fog state and a transparent state;
  • a light sensor disposed on a side of the first backlight module away from the display panel and corresponding to the display sensing area;
  • a viewing angle control assembly disposed between the display panel and the light sensor and corresponding to the display sensing area
  • the viewing angle adjusting component when the optical element is in the fog state, the viewing angle adjusting component is used to shrink the exit angle of the backlight passing through the viewing angle adjusting component; when the optical element is in the transparent state, the external light is transmitted through The light sensor is incident to the light sensor through the viewing angle control component and the first backlight module and performs the function of the light sensor.
  • the viewing angle control assembly includes:
  • the transparent medium layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate, the transparent medium layer is provided with a plurality of first through holes arranged at intervals, and the first through holes are filled with a liquid crystal dye layer to form a dimming structure, the liquid crystal dye layer includes liquid crystal molecules and dye molecules;
  • a first electrode disposed on the side of the first substrate facing the second substrate;
  • a second electrode disposed on the side of the second substrate facing the first substrate
  • the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in several of the dimming structures are perpendicular to the first substrate; when the optical element is in the transparent state, several The long axes of the liquid crystal molecules in the dimming structure are parallel to the first substrate.
  • the first electrode includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes arranged at intervals
  • the second electrode includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes arranged at intervals
  • each of the first sub-electrodes is associated with one of the first sub-electrodes.
  • the second sub-electrodes are arranged correspondingly, and a plurality of the first sub-electrodes and a plurality of the second sub-electrodes are arranged corresponding to a plurality of the dimming structures.
  • the transparent medium layer further includes a plurality of second through holes, each of the second through holes intersects and communicates with a plurality of the first through holes;
  • the second through holes are filled with the liquid crystal molecules and the dye molecules to form the dimming structure.
  • the orthographic projection of each of the first through holes on the transparent medium layer is in the shape of a long strip and extends along a first direction;
  • the orthographic projection on the dielectric layer is elongated and extends along the second direction;
  • first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the viewing angle contraction degree ⁇ arctan[(p-w)/h] of the viewing angle adjusting component
  • w is the width of the first through hole
  • p is the period length of the first through hole
  • h is the height of the first through hole.
  • the liquid crystal molecules are positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules
  • the dye molecules are positive dye molecules or negative dye molecules.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component is located on a side of the optical element close to the display panel, and the optical element is located between the viewing angle adjusting component and the light sensor.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component is located on a side of the optical element away from the display panel, and the viewing angle adjusting component is located between the optical element and the light sensor.
  • the optical element is disposed corresponding to the main display area and the display sensing area.
  • the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: in the display device provided by the present application, by matching the viewing angle control assembly capable of viewing angle switching and the first backlight module, and arranging the two in the display sensing area of the display panel, the problem of on-screen display is solved.
  • the viewing angle adjusting assembly includes an optical element, and the optical element can switch between the fog state and the transparent state.
  • the viewing angle adjusting assembly can shrink the exit angle of the backlight passing through the viewing angle adjusting assembly, which improves the first
  • the uniformity of the backlight viewing angle of the backlight module improves the display effect; when the optical element is in a transparent state, the external light enters the light sensor through the viewing angle control assembly and the first backlight module and performs the function of the light sensor.
  • the uniformity of the backlight viewing angle of the first backlight module is improved, and the display effect is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of the viewing angle control assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application when the optical element is in a fog state;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical element of the first viewing angle control assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application when the optical element is in a fog state;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical element of the first viewing angle control assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application when the optical element is in a transparent state;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second viewing angle control assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application when the optical element is in a transparent state;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the optical element of the second viewing angle control assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application when the optical element is in a fog state;
  • Fig. 7 is the first top-view structure schematic diagram of the transparent medium layer
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second top-view structure of the transparent medium layer
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a second display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a third display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth display device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a fifth display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first display device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the display device includes a display panel 1 , a first backlight module 2 , a second backlight module 3 , a light sensor 4 and a viewing angle control assembly 5 .
  • the display panel 1 includes at least one display sensing area 101 and a main display area 102 surrounding the display sensing area 101 .
  • the main display area 102 refers to an area mainly used for displaying images
  • the display sensing area 101 refers to an area used for collecting optical signals.
  • the light sensor 4 may be a camera, a fingerprint recognition sensor or other sensors, so that the display device can realize functions such as photographing and optical fingerprint recognition.
  • the first backlight module 2 includes an optical element 21, and at least a part of the optical element 21 is arranged completely facing the display sensing area 101.
  • the optical element 21 can realize the switching between the fog state and the transparent state, and the optical element 21 can be PDLC (Polymer Dispersed Liquid). Crystal, polymer dispersed liquid crystal) dimming film or PNLC (Polymer Network Liquid Crystal, polymer network liquid crystal).
  • the second backlight module 3 is disposed corresponding to the main display area 102 .
  • the viewing angle adjusting element 5 When the optical element 21 is in a foggy state, the viewing angle adjusting element 5 is used to shrink the exit angle of the backlight passing through the viewing angle adjusting element 5; when the optical element 21 is in a transparent state, the external light passes through the viewing angle adjusting element 5 and the first backlight mode Group 2 is incident on light sensor 4 and performs the function of light sensor 4 .
  • the first backlight module 2 further includes a first light source 22
  • the second backlight module 3 includes an optical film group 31 and a second light source 32 .
  • the optical element 21 is switched to the fog state
  • the first light source 22 and the second light source 32 are both turned on
  • the optical element 21 functions as a light guide plate
  • the backlight emitted by the first light source 22 sequentially passes through the optical element 21 and the viewing angle control assembly 5 are then injected into the display panel 1 .
  • the light emitted by the second light source 32 passes through the optical film group 31 and then enters the display panel 1.
  • the display sensing area 101 and the main display area 102 both perform image display, which can realize full-screen display.
  • FIG. 2 is a simplified schematic structural diagram of the viewing angle adjusting assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application when the optical element is in a fog state.
  • the viewing angle control assembly 5 includes a dimming area 501 and a light transmission area 502 which are spaced and alternately arranged.
  • the dimming area 501 is opaque, and the light transmitting area 502 is transparent, so that the outgoing direction of the backlight can be narrowed and the first backlight can be reduced.
  • the large viewing angle light intensity caused by module 2 is conducive to shrinking the viewing angle and forming a uniform backlight for normal display.
  • the optical element 21 When the light sensor 4 is working, the optical element 21 is switched to a transparent state, the first light source 22 is turned off, the second light source 32 is turned on, and the backlight emitted by the second light source 32 passes through the optical film group 31 and then enters the display panel 1 .
  • the light passes through the viewing angle control assembly 5, both the dimming area 501 and the light transmission area 502 transmit light, and the ambient light can pass through the optical element 21 and the viewing angle control assembly 5 to reach the light sensor 4.
  • the main display area 102 performs image display.
  • the display sensing area 101 does not perform image display, and can be used to realize functions such as taking pictures, thereby improving the uniformity of the backlight viewing angle of the first backlight module 2 without affecting the function of the light sensor 4, and improving the display. Effect.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 includes a first substrate 51 , a second substrate 52 , a liquid crystal dye layer 53 , a first electrode 54 , a second electrode 55 and a transparent medium layer 56 .
  • the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 are arranged opposite to each other, the transparent medium layer 56 is arranged between the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52, and the transparent medium layer 56 is provided with a number of first through holes 561 arranged at intervals, The through hole 561 is filled with a liquid crystal dye layer 53 to form a light adjustment structure 562 .
  • the liquid crystal dye layer 53 includes liquid crystal molecules 531 and dye molecules 532 .
  • the first electrode 54 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 51 facing the second substrate 52
  • the second electrode 55 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 52 facing the first substrate 51 .
  • the first substrate 51 and the second substrate 52 are both transparent substrates, such as transparent glass substrates.
  • the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 are both transparent electrodes.
  • the material of the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 may be transparent conductive materials such as indium tin oxide and indium zinc oxide.
  • liquid crystal molecules 531 may simply refer to ordinary indicating liquid crystal molecules, or may refer to polymer liquid crystals with low polymer concentration.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 531 can be positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules, and the dye molecules 532 can be positive dye molecules or negative dye molecules, including the following combinations, such as the combination of positive liquid crystal molecules and positive dye molecules, negative Liquid crystal molecules are matched with negative dye molecules, positive liquid crystal molecules are matched with negative dye molecules, and negative liquid crystal molecules are matched with positive dye molecules.
  • the dye molecules 532 are dichroic dye molecules, and absorb visible light differently along the long axis and the short axis.
  • the dye molecule 532 When visible light whose polarization direction is parallel to the long axis of the dye molecule 532 is incident on the dye molecule 532, the dye molecule 532 has little effect on the visible light; when the polarization direction is perpendicular to the long axis of the dye molecule 532 When the visible light in the direction is incident on the dye molecules 532, the absorption rate of the visible light by the dye molecules 532 reaches the maximum, and the light is almost completely absorbed.
  • the dye molecules 532 and the liquid crystal molecules 531 are aligned in the same direction, and the long axis directions of the two are parallel to each other.
  • the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules 531 rotates under the action of the electric field, the long axis of the dye molecules 532 also rotates due to the guest-host effect.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 provided by the embodiment of the present application utilizes the above properties of the liquid crystal molecules 531 and the dye molecules 532 to control the flipping of the liquid crystal molecules 531 through an electric field, which drives the flipping of the dye molecules 532, so as to realize the dual mode of the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. Controllable state, so that the normal display mode and the light sensor working mode do not interfere with each other.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 may further include a first alignment film and a second alignment film (not shown in the figure) for controlling the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 531 .
  • the first alignment film is disposed on the side of the first electrode 54 facing the second substrate 52
  • the second alignment film is disposed on the side of the second electrode 55 facing the first substrate 51 .
  • the alignment directions of the first alignment film and the second alignment film are the same, which may be horizontal alignment or vertical alignment.
  • the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 531 is that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 are parallel to the first substrate 51 .
  • the initial alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 531 is that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51 .
  • the liquid crystal molecules 531 are positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontal alignment; the liquid crystal molecules 531 are negative liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontal alignment ; Liquid crystal molecules 531 are positive liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned; the liquid crystal molecules 531 are negative liquid crystal molecules, the first alignment film and the second alignment film are vertically aligned.
  • the embodiments of the present application are described by taking the example that the viewing angle adjusting component 5 adopts the liquid crystal molecules 531 as positive liquid crystal molecules, and the first alignment film and the second alignment film are horizontally aligned.
  • the viewing angle control component in other cases listed above, reference may be made to the specific description of this case, and the embodiments of the present application will not describe them in detail.
  • the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51 . Due to the guest-host effect, the long axes of the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51, and part of the backlight emitted by the first light source 22 will be absorbed by the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 and cannot be transmitted through
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 can achieve the purpose of shrinking the viewing angle. At this time, the viewing angle adjusting component 5 is in the narrow viewing angle mode.
  • the display sensing area 101 can display images, and a better viewing angle effect can be obtained.
  • the viewing angle control assembly 5 can absorb the backlight provided by the first backlight module 2 and incident on the boundary between the main display area 102 and the display sensing area 101, overcoming the mismatch of viewing angles between the second backlight module 3 and the viewing angle control assembly 5. , resulting in the defect of poor display effect, which can improve the large viewing angle problem of the first backlight module 2 .
  • the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 are parallel to the first substrate 51 . Due to the guest-host effect, the long axes of the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 are parallel to the first substrate 51 , and the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 have no effect on the backlight emitted by the first light source 22 . At this time, the viewing angle adjusting component 5 is in the wide viewing angle mode.
  • the display sensing area 101 does not display images, which can effectively avoid affecting the normal operation of the light sensor 4 .
  • the viewing angle control assembly 5 can further diffuse the external ambient light. For example, when the light sensor 4 is a camera, the illumination brightness during shooting can be reduced, thereby reducing the impact on the photographing and imaging.
  • the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 of the present application may be disposed in sections, or may be disposed on the entire surface.
  • the side of the first substrate 51 facing the second substrate 52 is provided with a first electrode 54
  • the side of the second substrate 52 facing the first substrate 51 is provided with a second electrode 54 .
  • electrode 55 the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 are disposed on the entire surface, which can save the manufacturing process.
  • the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 are energized, and a vertical electric field is formed between the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 .
  • the liquid crystal molecules 531 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 rotate under the action of the vertical electric field, so that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51 .
  • the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 are rotated accordingly, and finally the long axes of the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51, and part of the backlight emitted by the first light source 22 will It is absorbed by the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 and cannot pass through the viewing angle adjusting element 5, so that the purpose of reducing the viewing angle can be achieved. At this time, the viewing angle adjusting component 5 is in the narrow viewing angle mode.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 is in the wide viewing angle mode.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 Please refer to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .
  • the difference between FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 and FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 is that the first electrode 54 in FIG. 5 and FIG. The substrate 51 faces the side of the second substrate 52 , and the second electrodes 55 are arranged in sections on the side of the second substrate 52 facing the first substrate 51 , which can save materials and reduce product cost.
  • the first electrode 54 is provided on the side of the first substrate 51 facing the second substrate 52
  • the second electrode 55 is provided on the side of the second substrate 52 facing the first substrate 51 .
  • the first electrode 54 includes a plurality of first sub-electrodes 541 arranged at intervals
  • the second electrode 55 includes a plurality of second sub-electrodes 551 arranged at intervals
  • each of the first sub-electrodes 541 is arranged corresponding to one of the second sub-electrodes 551
  • a sub-electrode 541 and a plurality of second sub-electrodes 551 are disposed corresponding to a plurality of dimming structures 562 .
  • the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 are energized, that is, an electric field is formed between the first sub-electrode 541 and the second sub-electrode 551 , and the liquid crystals in the dimming structures 562
  • the molecules 531 are rotated under the action of the electric field, so that the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51 .
  • the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 are rotated accordingly, so that the long axes of the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of light-adjusting structures 562 are perpendicular to the first substrate 51, and part of the backlight emitted by the first light source 22 will be affected by several
  • the dye molecules 532 in the dimming structure 562 absorb and cannot pass through the viewing angle adjusting element 5, so that the purpose of reducing the viewing angle can be achieved.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 is in the narrow viewing angle mode.
  • the first electrode 54 and the second electrode 55 are not energized, that is, no electric field is formed between the first sub-electrode 541 and the second sub-electrode 551 , so that several dimming structures are formed.
  • the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules 531 in the 562 are parallel to the first substrate 51
  • the long axes of the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 are parallel to the first substrate 51
  • the dye molecules 532 in the plurality of dimming structures 562 are opposite to the first light source.
  • the backlight emitted by 22 has no effect.
  • the viewing angle adjusting component 5 is in the wide viewing angle mode.
  • the embodiment of the present application can improve the viewing angle shrinkage of the viewing angle adjusting component 5 by designing different aspect ratios of the first through holes 561 .
  • the width of the through hole 561 is w
  • the period length of the first through hole 561 is p
  • the height of the first through hole 561 is h
  • the aspect ratio of the first through hole 561 is h/w
  • the shrinking viewing angle ⁇ arctan [(p-w)/h]
  • the orthographic projection of the first through hole 561 on the transparent medium layer 56 is a long strip and extends along the first direction x, and the cross-sectional shape of the first through hole 561 may be a rectangle.
  • the transparent medium layer 56 further includes a plurality of second through holes 563, and each second through hole 563 intersects and communicates with a plurality of first through holes 561,
  • the cross-sectional shape of the second through hole 563 may be rectangular.
  • a number of first through holes 561 and second through holes 563 are filled with liquid crystal molecules 531 and dye molecules 532 to form a dimming structure 562.
  • the optical element 21 is in a fog state, part of the backlight emitted by the first light source 22 will be corresponding to The dye molecules 532 in the dimming structure 562 of the first through hole 561 and the second through hole 563 are absorbed, which can further reduce the viewing angle.
  • the display device also includes an upper polarizer and a lower polarizer (not shown in the figure), the upper polarizer is arranged on the side of the display panel 1 away from the first backlight module 2 , and the lower polarizer is arranged on the display panel 1 close to the side.
  • the lower polarizer is located between the display panel 1 and the viewing angle control assembly 5. In the transparent state, the long axis of the dye molecule 532 is parallel to the polarization direction of the lower polarizer. The viewing angle does not affect the backlight absorption.
  • the viewing angle control assembly 5 is located on the side of the optical element 21 close to the display panel 1 , and the optical element 21 is located between the viewing angle control assembly 5 and the light sensor 4 .
  • the light emitted by the first light source 22 first propagates inside the optical element 21 , then is adjusted by the viewing angle adjustment component 5 , and finally enters the display panel 1 to realize the picture display.
  • the external ambient light enters the light sensor 4 after passing through the viewing angle adjusting component 5 and the optical element 21 in sequence.
  • the viewing angle control assembly 5 is located on the side of the optical element 21 away from the display panel 1, and the viewing angle control assembly 5 is located between the optical element 21 and the light sensor 4.
  • the light emitted by a light source 22 is firstly regulated by the viewing angle adjustment component 5 , then enters the optical element 21 for propagation, and finally enters the display panel 1 to realize picture display.
  • the external ambient light enters the light sensor 4 after passing through the viewing angle adjusting component 5 and the optical element 21 in sequence.
  • the first light source 22 may be an edge-type backlight source.
  • the first light source 22 is disposed on the side of the optical element 21 .
  • the first light source 22 can also be a direct type backlight, and the first light source 22 is disposed on the side of the optical element 21 away from the display panel 1 .
  • the optical element 21 can be arranged corresponding to the main display area 102 and the display sensing area 101 , the orthographic projection of the optical element 21 on the display panel 1 and the optical film group 31 on the display panel 1
  • the orthographic projections overlap each other, which can make the difference in viewing angle at the junction of the main display area 102 and the display sensing area 101 easier to handle, and avoid other defects such as black spots appearing on the display screen.
  • the first light source 22 may use a direct-type backlight source to avoid affecting the normal display brightness of the main display area 102 during switching when an edge-type backlight source is used.
  • the beneficial effects are: in the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application, by matching the viewing angle control component that can switch the viewing angle with the first backlight module, and arranging the two in the display sensing area of the display panel, the problem of under the screen is solved.
  • the viewing angle control assembly includes an optical element, and the optical element can switch between the fog state and the transparent state. When the optical element is in the fog state, the viewing angle control assembly can shrink the exit angle of the backlight passing through the viewing angle control assembly, thereby improving the first backlight module.
  • the uniformity of the viewing angle of the backlight improves the display effect; when the optical element is in a transparent state, the external light enters the optical sensor through the viewing angle control component and the first backlight module and performs the function of the optical sensor without affecting the optical sensor.
  • the uniformity of the backlight viewing angle of the first backlight module is improved, and the display effect is improved.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种显示装置，包括显示面板、第一背光模组、第二背光模组、光传感器和视角调控组件。第一背光模组包括光学元件，视角调控组件对应显示传感区设置；当光学元件处于雾态时，视角调控组件收缩背光出射角度；当光学元件处于透明态时，外部光线透过视角调控组件和第一背光模组射入光传感器，改善了背光视角均一性。

Description

显示装置 技术领域
本申请涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置。
 背景技术
目前，液晶显示器（Liquid Crystal Display，LCD）被广泛地应用于高清晰数字电视、台式计算机、个人数字助理（PDA）、笔记本电脑、数码相机等电子设备中。特别是在中小型液晶显示领域，屏下传感器（sensor）技术和透明显示技术已成为行业的必争之地。
在屏下传感器技术中，需要对背光模组进行特殊设计，例如普通背光模组搭配使用透明背光模组，使信号光能够通过透明背光模组到达屏下传感器区域以实现相应识别功能。然而，单纯使用透明背光模组为屏下传感器区域提供背光时，光线发散严重，导致此区域亮度偏暗，从而导致视角不均。
因此，亟需提供一种显示装置，来解决上述技术问题。
 技术问题
本申请提供一种显示装置，解决了在屏下传感器技术中，现有的显示装置采用透明背光模组容易导致画面显示时出现视角不均的技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为解决上述问题，本申请提供的技术方案如下：
本申请提供一种显示装置，包括：
显示面板，包括至少一个显示传感区和围绕所述显示传感区的主显示区；
第一背光模组，包括光学元件，所述光学元件的至少部分区域完全正对所述显示传感区设置，所述光学元件能够实现雾态和透明态的切换；
第二背光模组，对应所述主显示区设置；
光传感器，设置于所述第一背光模组远离所述显示面板的一侧且对应所述显示传感区设置；以及
视角调控组件，设置于所述显示面板和所述光传感器之间且对应所述显示传感区设置，所述视角调控组件包括间隔且交替设置的调光区和透光区；
其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，所述视角调控组件用于收缩透过所述视角调控组件的背光的出射角度；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，外部光线透过所述视角调控组件和所述第一背光模组射入至所述光传感器并执行所述光传感器的功能。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件包括：
第一基板；
第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
透明介质层，设置于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间，所述透明介质层上设有若干间隔设置的第一通孔，若干所述第一通孔内填充有液晶染料层以形成调光结构，所述液晶染料层包括液晶分子和染料分子；
第一电极，设置于所述第一基板面向所述第二基板一侧；以及
第二电极，设置于所述第二基板面向所述第一基板一侧；
其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴垂直于所述第一基板；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴平行于所述第一基板。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述第一电极包括若干间隔设置的第一子电极，所述第二电极包括若干间隔设置的第二子电极，每一所述第一子电极与其中一个所述第二子电极对应设置，若干所述第一子电极和若干所述第二子电极对应若干所述调光结构设置。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述透明介质层还包括若干第二通孔，每一所述第二通孔与若干所述第一通孔交叉且连通；若干所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔内填充有所述液晶分子和所述染料分子以形成所述调光结构。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，每一所述第一通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第一方向延伸；每一所述第二通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第二方向延伸；
其中，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件的视角收缩度θ=arctan[(p-w)/h]；
其中，w为所述第一通孔的宽度，p为所述第一通孔的周期长度，h为所述第一通孔的高度。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述液晶分子为正性液晶分子或负性液晶分子，所述染料分子为正性染料分子或负性染料分子。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件靠近所述显示面板的一侧，所述光学元件位于所述视角调控组件和所述光传感器之间。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件远离所述显示面板的一侧，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件和所述光传感器之间。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述光学元件对应所述主显示区和所述显示传感区设置。
本申请提供一种显示装置，包括：
显示面板，包括至少一个显示传感区和围绕所述显示传感区的主显示区；
第一背光模组，包括光学元件，所述光学元件的至少部分区域完全正对所述显示传感区设置，所述光学元件能够实现雾态和透明态的切换；
第二背光模组，对应所述主显示区设置；
光传感器，设置于所述第一背光模组远离所述显示面板的一侧且对应所述显示传感区设置；以及
视角调控组件，设置于所述显示面板和所述光传感器之间且对应所述显示传感区设置；
其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，所述视角调控组件用于收缩透过所述视角调控组件的背光的出射角度；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，外部光线透过所述视角调控组件和所述第一背光模组射入至所述光传感器并执行所述光传感器的功能。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件包括：
第一基板；
第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
透明介质层，设置于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间，所述透明介质层上设有若干间隔设置的第一通孔，若干所述第一通孔内填充有液晶染料层以形成调光结构，所述液晶染料层包括液晶分子和染料分子；
第一电极，设置于所述第一基板面向所述第二基板一侧；以及
第二电极，设置于所述第二基板面向所述第一基板一侧；
其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴垂直于所述第一基板；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴平行于所述第一基板。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述第一电极包括若干间隔设置的第一子电极，所述第二电极包括若干间隔设置的第二子电极，每一所述第一子电极与其中一个所述第二子电极对应设置，若干所述第一子电极和若干所述第二子电极对应若干所述调光结构设置。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述透明介质层还包括若干第二通孔，每一所述第二通孔与若干所述第一通孔交叉且连通；若干所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔内填充有所述液晶分子和所述染料分子以形成所述调光结构。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，每一所述第一通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第一方向延伸；每一所述第二通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第二方向延伸；
其中，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件的视角收缩度θ=arctan[(p-w)/h]；
其中，w为所述第一通孔的宽度，p为所述第一通孔的周期长度，h为所述第一通孔的高度。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述液晶分子为正性液晶分子或负性液晶分子，所述染料分子为正性染料分子或负性染料分子。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件靠近所述显示面板的一侧，所述光学元件位于所述视角调控组件和所述光传感器之间。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件远离所述显示面板的一侧，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件和所述光传感器之间。
根据本申请提供的显示装置，所述光学元件对应所述主显示区和所述显示传感区设置。
 有益效果
本申请的有益效果为：本申请提供的显示装置，通过将可进行视角切换的视角调控组件和第一背光模组搭配，并将二者设置于显示面板的显示传感区，解决了在屏下传感器技术中，现有的显示装置采用透明背光模组容易导致画面显示时出现视角不均的技术问题。具体地，视角调控组件包括光学元件，光学元件能够实现雾态和透明态的切换，当光学元件处于雾态时，视角调控组件能够收缩透过视角调控组件的背光的出射角度，改善了第一背光模组的背光视角的均一性，提高了显示效果；当光学元件处于透明态时，外部光线透过视角调控组件和第一背光模组射入至光传感器并执行光传感器的功能，在不影响光传感器的功能的前提下，改善了第一背光模组的背光视角的均一性，提高了显示效果。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的第一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的视角调控组件在光学元件处于雾态时的简化结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的第一种视角调控组件的光学元件处于雾态时的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的第一种视角调控组件的光学元件处于透明态时的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的第二种视角调控组件在光学元件处于透明态时的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的第二种视角调控组件的光学元件处于雾态时的结构示意图；
图7为透明介质层的第一种俯视结构示意图；
图8为透明介质层的第二种俯视结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的第二种显示装置的结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的第三种显示装置的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的第四种显示装置的结构示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的第五种显示装置的结构示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下各实施例的说明是参考附加的图示，用以例示本申请可用以实施的特定实施例。本申请所提到的方向用语，例如[上]、[下]、[前]、[后]、[左]、[右]、[内]、[外]、[侧面]等，仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此，使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本申请，而非用以限制本申请。在图中，结构相似的单元是用以相同标号表示。
请参阅图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的第一种显示装置的结构示意图。显示装置包括显示面板1、第一背光模组2、第二背光模组3、光传感器4和视角调控组件5。显示面板1包括至少一个显示传感区101和围绕显示传感区101的主显示区102。主显示区102是指主要用于显示图像的区域，显示传感区101是指用于采集光学信号的区域。光传感器4可以是摄像头、指纹识别传感器或其它传感器，以使显示装置能够实现例如拍照和光学指纹识别等功能。
第一背光模组2包括光学元件21，光学元件21的至少部分区域完全正对显示传感区101设置，光学元件21能够实现雾态和透明态的切换，光学元件21可以为PDLC (PolymerDispersed Liquid Crystal，聚合物分散液晶)调光膜或PNLC(Polymer Network Liquid Crystal，聚合物网络液晶)。第二背光模组3对应主显示区102设置。当光学元件21处于雾态时，视角调控组件5用于收缩透过视角调控组件5的背光的出射角度；当光学元件21处于透明态时，外部光线透过视角调控组件5和第一背光模组2射入至光传感器4并执行光传感器4的功能。
可以理解的是，第一背光模组2还包括第一光源22，第二背光模组3包括光学膜片组31和第二光源32。当显示装置进行正常显示时，光学元件21切换为雾态，第一光源22和第二光源32均开启，光学元件21起到导光板的作用，第一光源22发出的背光依次透过光学元件21和视角调控组件5后射入显示面板1。第二光源32发出的光线透过光学膜片组31后射入显示面板1，此时，显示传感区101与主显示区102均进行图像显示，可实现全面屏显示。
请参阅图2，图2为本申请实施例提供的视角调控组件在光学元件处于雾态时的简化结构示意图。视角调控组件5包括间隔且交替设置的调光区501和透光区502。当光学元件21切换为雾态，第一光源22发出的背光经过视角调控组件5，调光区501不透光，透光区502透光，从而能够收缩背光的出射方向，降低因第一背光模组2引起的大视角光强，有利于收缩视角、形成均匀背光正常显示。当光传感器4工作时，光学元件21切换为透明态，第一光源22关闭，第二光源32开启，第二光源32发出的背光透过光学膜片组31后射入显示面板1，外界环境光线经过视角调控组件5时，调光区501和透光区502均透光，外界环境光线能够透过光学元件21和视角调控组件5到达光传感器4，此时，主显示区102进行图像显示，而显示传感区101不进行图像显示，可用于实现拍照等功能，从而在不影响光传感器4的功能的前提下，改善了第一背光模组2的背光视角的均一性，提高了显示效果。
请参阅图3~图6，视角调控组件5包括第一基板51、第二基板52、液晶染料层53、第一电极54、第二电极55和透明介质层56。第一基板51和第二基板52相对设置，透明介质层56设置于第一基板51和第二基板52之间，透明介质层56上设有若干间隔设置的第一通孔561，若干第一通孔561内填充有液晶染料层53以形成调光结构562，液晶染料层53包括液晶分子531和染料分子532。第一电极54设置于第一基板51面向第二基板52一侧，第二电极55设置于第二基板52面向第一基板51一侧。
具体地，第一基板51和第二基板52均为透明基板，例如透明玻璃基板。第一电极54和第二电极55均为透明电极，例如，第一电极54和第二电极55的材料可以为氧化铟锡、氧化铟锌等透明导电材料。
需要说明的是，液晶分子531可以单指普通指示液晶分子，也可以指低聚合物浓度的聚合物液晶。液晶分子531可以为正性液晶分子或负性液晶分子，染料分子532可以为正性染料分子或负性染料分子，包括以下几种组合，例如正性液晶分子与正性染料分子搭配、负性液晶分子与负性染料分子搭配、正性液晶分子与负性染料分子搭配、负性液晶分子与正性染料分子搭配。染料分子532为二向色性染料分子，沿长轴和短轴方向对可见光的吸收不同。对于正性染料分子而言，当偏振方向平行于染料分子532的长轴方向的可见光入射至染料分子532时，染料分子532对可见光的吸收率达到最大，光线几乎被完全吸收；当偏振方向垂直于染料分子532的长轴方向的可见光入射至染料分子532时，染料分子532对可见光几乎无影响。对于负性染料分子则恰恰相反，当偏振方向平行于染料分子532的长轴方向的可见光入射至染料分子532时，染料分子532对可见光几乎无影响；当偏振方向垂直于染料分子532的长轴方向的可见光入射至染料分子532时，染料分子532对可见光的吸收率达到最大，光线几乎被完全吸收。
对于填充有液晶分子531和染料分子532的液晶染料层53，初始状态时，染料分子532和液晶分子531同向排列，两者的长轴方向相互平行。当液晶分子531的长轴方向在电场的作用下发生旋转时，由于宾主效应，染料分子532的长轴也随之旋转。
本申请实施例提供的视角调控组件5即是利用液晶分子531和染料分子532的上述性质，通过电场控制液晶分子531的翻转，带动染料分子532翻转，以实现宽视角模式和窄视角模式的双重可控状态，使得正常显示模式和光传感器工作模式互不干扰。
进一步地，所述视角调控组件5还可包括第一配向膜和第二配向膜（图中未示出），用于控制液晶分子531的初始配向方向。其中，第一配向膜设置于第一电极54面向第二基板52一侧，第二配向膜设置于第二电极55面向第一基板51一侧。第一配向膜和第二配向膜的配向方向相同，可以为水平配向或垂直配向。当第一配向膜和第二配向膜为水平配向时，液晶分子531的初始配向方向为液晶分子531的长轴平行于第一基板51。当第一配向膜和第二配向膜为垂直配向时，液晶分子531的初始配向方向为液晶分子531的长轴垂直于第一基板51。
需要说明的是，对第一电极54和第二电极55是否施加电压来控制液晶分子531的排列方向取决于第一配向膜和第二配向膜的配向方向以及液晶分子531的性质，可以为两者的排列组合，例如，液晶分子531为正性液晶分子、第一配向膜和第二配向膜为水平配向；液晶分子531为负性液晶分子、第一配向膜和第二配向膜为水平配向；液晶分子531为正性液晶分子、第一配向膜和第二配向膜为垂直配向；液晶分子531为负性液晶分子、第一配向膜和第二配向膜为垂直配向。
为了便于描述，本申请实施例以视角调控组件5采用液晶分子531为正性液晶分子、第一配向膜和第二配向膜为水平配向为例进行阐述说明。对于视角调控组件采用上述列举的其它情况的工作原理，可参考关于此种情况的具体描述，本申请实施例不再一一详述。
请参阅图3和图5，当光学元件21处于雾态时，若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531的长轴垂直于第一基板51。由于宾主效应，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532的长轴垂直于第一基板51，第一光源22发出的部分背光会被若干调光结构562内的染料分子532吸收，而无法透过视角调控组件5，从而能够达到收缩视角的目的。此时，视角调控组件5为窄视角模式。
在此窄视角模式下，首先，显示传感区101可以显示画面，且可获得较好的视角效果。其次，观看者从显示面板1的一侧观看时，屏幕的亮度衰减，斜视观察时更加模糊，显示画面无法被观看者看到，可提高防窥效果。再次，视角调控组件5可以吸收第一背光模组2提供的射入主显示区102和显示传感区101边界处的背光，克服由于第二背光模组3与视角调控组件5存在视角不匹配，而导致显示效果不佳的缺陷，能够改善第一背光模组2的大视角问题。
请参阅图4和图6，当光学元件21处于透明态时，若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531的长轴平行于第一基板51。由于宾主效应，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532的长轴平行于第一基板51，若干调光结构562内染料分子532对第一光源22发出的背光无影响。此时，视角调控组件5为宽视角模式。
在此宽视角模式下，显示传感区101不显示画面，可以有效避免对光传感器4的正常工作产生影响，此时视角调控组件5对光传感器4没有任何干扰作用。视角调控组件5能够使得外界环境光线进一步发散，例如，当光传感器4为摄像头时，可降低拍摄时的光照亮度，减少对拍照成像的影响。
可以理解的是，液晶染料层53设置于第一基板51和第二基板52之间的部分区域，则本申请的第一电极54和第二电极55可以分段设置，也可以整面设置。
在一种实施方式中，请参阅图3和图4，第一基板51面向第二基板52的一侧设置有第一电极54，第二基板52面向第一基板51的一侧设置有第二电极55。此种实施方式中，第一电极54和第二电极55整面设置，能够节省制程。
请参阅图3，当光学元件21处于雾态时，第一电极54和第二电极55通电，第一电极54和第二电极55之间形成垂直电场。若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531在垂直电场的作用下进行旋转，使得若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531的长轴垂直于第一基板51。由于宾主效应，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532随之旋转，最终使得若干调光结构562内的染料分子532的长轴垂直于第一基板51，则第一光源22发出的部分背光会被若干调光结构562内的染料分子532吸收，而无法透过视角调控组件5，从而能够达到收缩视角的目的。此时，视角调控组件5为窄视角模式。
请参阅图4，当光学元件21处于透明态时，第一电极54和第二电极55未通电，若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531的长轴平行于第一基板51，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532的长轴平行于第一基板51，则若干调光结构562内的染料分子532对第一光源22发出的背光无影响。此时，视角调控组件5为宽视角模式。
在另一种实施方式中，请参阅图5和图6，图5和图6与图3和图4的不同之处在于，图5和图6中的第一电极54分段设置于第一基板51面向第二基板52一侧，第二电极55分段设置于第二基板52面向第一基板51一侧，能够节省材料，降低产品成本。具体地，第一基板51面向第二基板52的一侧设置有第一电极54，第二基板52面向第一基板51的一侧设置有第二电极55。第一电极54包括若干间隔设置的第一子电极541，第二电极55包括若干间隔设置的第二子电极551，每一第一子电极541与其中一个第二子电极551对应设置，若干第一子电极541和若干第二子电极551对应若干调光结构562设置。
请参阅图5，当光学元件21处于雾态时，第一电极54和第二电极55通电，即第一子电极541和第二子电极551之间形成电场，若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531在电场的作用下进行旋转，使得若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531的长轴垂直于第一基板51。由于宾主效应，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532随之旋转，使得若干调光结构562内的染料分子532的长轴垂直于第一基板51，第一光源22发出的部分背光会被若干调光结构562内的染料分子532吸收，而无法透过视角调控组件5，从而能够达到收缩视角的目的。此时，视角调控组件5为窄视角模式。
请参阅图6，当光学元件21处于透明态时，第一电极54和第二电极55未通电，即第一子电极541和第二子电极551之间未形成电场，从而使得若干调光结构562内的液晶分子531的长轴平行于第一基板51，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532的长轴平行于第一基板51，若干调光结构562内的染料分子532对第一光源22发出的背光无影响。此时，视角调控组件5为宽视角模式。
具体地，以图3所示的显示装置为例进行说明，本申请实施例可通过设计不同的第一通孔561的纵宽比来改善视角调控组件5的视角收缩度，例如，定义第一通孔561的宽度为w，第一通孔561的周期长度为p，第一通孔561的高度为h，则第一通孔561的纵宽比为h/w，则收缩视角θ=arctan[(p-w)/h]，由此可见，视角调控组件5收缩视角θ的大小取决于第一通孔561的纵宽比，可以根据实际需要来设计不同的纵宽比。
请参阅图7，第一通孔561在透明介质层56上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第一方向x延伸，第一通孔561的截面形状可以为矩形。
进一步地，请参阅图8，图8与图7的不同之处在于，透明介质层56还包括若干第二通孔563，每一第二通孔563与若干第一通孔561交叉且连通，第二通孔563的截面形状可以为矩形。若干第一通孔561和第二通孔563内填充有液晶分子531和染料分子532以形成调光结构562，当光学元件21处于雾态时，第一光源22发出的部分背光会被对应于第一通孔561和第二通孔563的调光结构562内的染料分子532吸收，可使得视角得到进一步收缩。
进一步地，显示装置还包括上偏光片和下偏光片（图中未示出），上偏光片设置于显示面板1远离第一背光模组2的一侧，下偏光片设置于显示面板1靠近第一背光模组2的一侧，下偏光片位于显示面板1和视角调控组件5之间，其中，在透明态时，染料分子532的长轴平行于下偏光片的偏光方向，因此在大视角下并不影响背光吸收。
对于视角调控组件5的放置位置，存在多种情况，下面将进行一一阐述说明。
一种实施方式中，请参阅图1、图9和图10，视角调控组件5位于光学元件21靠近显示面板1的一侧，光学元件21位于视角调控组件5和光传感器4之间，在雾态时，第一光源22发出的光线首先在光学元件21内部传播，之后经过视角调控组件5的视角调控，最后射入显示面板1实现画面显示。在透明态时，外界环境光线依次穿过视角调控组件5和光学元件21之后射入光传感器4。
一种实施方式中，请参阅图11、图12，视角调控组件5位于光学元件21远离显示面板1的一侧，视角调控组件5位于光学元件21和光传感器4之间，在雾态时，第一光源22发出的光线首先经过视角调控组件5的视角调控，之后射入光学元件21内部传播，最后射入显示面板1实现画面显示。在透明态时，外界环境光线依次穿过视角调控组件5和光学元件21之后射入光传感器4。
第一光源22可以为侧入式背光源，例如，请参阅图1，第一光源22设置于光学元件21的侧面。再如，请参阅图9、图10、图11和图12，第一光源22也可以为直下式背光源，第一光源22设置于光学元件21远离显示面板1的一侧。
进一步地，请参阅图10、图12，光学元件21可以对应主显示区102和显示传感区101设置，光学元件21在显示面板1上的正投影和光学膜片组31在显示面板1上的正投影重合，能够使得主显示区102与显示传感区101交界处的视角差异更易于处理，避免显示画面出现黑点等其它不良。此种情况下，第一光源22可以采用直下式背光源，以避免在采用侧入式背光源时，切换时影响主显示区102的正常显示亮度。
有益效果为：本申请实施例提供的显示装置，通过将可进行视角切换的视角调控组件和第一背光模组搭配，并将二者设置于显示面板的显示传感区，解决了在屏下传感器技术中，现有的显示装置采用透明背光模组容易导致画面显示时出现视角不均的技术问题。视角调控组件包括光学元件，光学元件能够实现雾态和透明态的切换，当光学元件处于雾态时，视角调控组件能够收缩透过视角调控组件的背光的出射角度，改善了第一背光模组的背光视角的均一性，提高了显示效果；当光学元件处于透明态时，外部光线透过视角调控组件和第一背光模组射入至光传感器并执行光传感器的功能，在不影响光传感器的功能的前提下，改善了第一背光模组的背光视角的均一性，提高了显示效果。
综上所述，虽然本申请已以优选实施例揭露如上，但上述优选实施例并非用以限制本申请，本领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本申请的精神和范围内，均可作各种更动与润饰，因此本申请的保护范围以权利要求界定的范围为准。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种显示装置，包括：
    显示面板，包括至少一个显示传感区和围绕所述显示传感区的主显示区；
    第一背光模组，包括光学元件，所述光学元件的至少部分区域完全正对所述显示传感区设置，所述光学元件能够实现雾态和透明态的切换；
    第二背光模组，对应所述主显示区设置；
    光传感器，设置于所述第一背光模组远离所述显示面板的一侧且对应所述显示传感区设置；以及
    视角调控组件，设置于所述显示面板和所述光传感器之间且对应所述显示传感区设置，所述视角调控组件包括间隔且交替设置的调光区和透光区；
    其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，所述视角调控组件用于收缩透过所述视角调控组件的背光的出射角度；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，外部光线透过所述视角调控组件和所述第一背光模组射入至所述光传感器并执行所述光传感器的功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件包括：
    第一基板；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
    透明介质层，设置于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间，所述透明介质层上设有若干间隔设置的第一通孔，若干所述第一通孔内填充有液晶染料层以形成调光结构，所述液晶染料层包括液晶分子和染料分子；
    第一电极，设置于所述第一基板面向所述第二基板一侧；以及
    第二电极，设置于所述第二基板面向所述第一基板一侧；
    其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴垂直于所述第一基板；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴平行于所述第一基板。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中所述第一电极包括若干间隔设置的第一子电极，所述第二电极包括若干间隔设置的第二子电极，每一所述第一子电极与其中一个所述第二子电极对应设置，若干所述第一子电极和若干所述第二子电极对应若干所述调光结构设置。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中所述透明介质层还包括若干第二通孔，每一所述第二通孔与若干所述第一通孔交叉且连通；若干所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔内填充有所述液晶分子和所述染料分子以形成所述调光结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其中每一所述第一通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第一方向延伸；每一所述第二通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第二方向延伸；
    其中，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件的视角收缩度θ=arctan[(p-w)/h]；
    其中，w为所述第一通孔的宽度，p为所述第一通孔的周期长度，h为所述第一通孔的高度。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其中所述液晶分子为正性液晶分子或负性液晶分子，所述染料分子为正性染料分子或负性染料分子。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件靠近所述显示面板的一侧，所述光学元件位于所述视角调控组件和所述光传感器之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件远离所述显示面板的一侧，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件和所述光传感器之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中所述光学元件对应所述主显示区和所述显示传感区设置。
  11. 一种显示装置，包括：
    显示面板，包括至少一个显示传感区和围绕所述显示传感区的主显示区；
    第一背光模组，包括光学元件，所述光学元件的至少部分区域完全正对所述显示传感区设置，所述光学元件能够实现雾态和透明态的切换；
    第二背光模组，对应所述主显示区设置；
    光传感器，设置于所述第一背光模组远离所述显示面板的一侧且对应所述显示传感区设置；以及
    视角调控组件，设置于所述显示面板和所述光传感器之间且对应所述显示传感区设置；
    其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，所述视角调控组件用于收缩透过所述视角调控组件的背光的出射角度；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，外部光线透过所述视角调控组件和所述第一背光模组射入至所述光传感器并执行所述光传感器的功能。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件包括：
    第一基板；
    第二基板，与所述第一基板相对设置；
    透明介质层，设置于所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间，所述透明介质层上设有若干间隔设置的第一通孔，若干所述第一通孔内填充有液晶染料层以形成调光结构，所述液晶染料层包括液晶分子和染料分子；
    第一电极，设置于所述第一基板面向所述第二基板一侧；以及
    第二电极，设置于所述第二基板面向所述第一基板一侧；
    其中，当所述光学元件处于所述雾态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴垂直于所述第一基板；当所述光学元件处于所述透明态时，若干所述调光结构内的所述液晶分子的长轴平行于所述第一基板。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中所述第一电极包括若干间隔设置的第一子电极，所述第二电极包括若干间隔设置的第二子电极，每一所述第一子电极与其中一个所述第二子电极对应设置，若干所述第一子电极和若干所述第二子电极对应若干所述调光结构设置。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中所述透明介质层还包括若干第二通孔，每一所述第二通孔与若干所述第一通孔交叉且连通；若干所述第一通孔和所述第二通孔内填充有所述液晶分子和所述染料分子以形成所述调光结构。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的显示装置，其中每一所述第一通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第一方向延伸；每一所述第二通孔在所述透明介质层上的正投影呈长条状，且沿第二方向延伸；
    其中，所述第一方向和所述第二方向相互垂直。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件的视角收缩度θ=arctan[(p-w)/h]；
    其中，w为所述第一通孔的宽度，p为所述第一通孔的周期长度，h为所述第一通孔的高度。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中所述液晶分子为正性液晶分子或负性液晶分子，所述染料分子为正性染料分子或负性染料分子。
  18. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件靠近所述显示面板的一侧，所述光学元件位于所述视角调控组件和所述光传感器之间。
  19. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件远离所述显示面板的一侧，所述视角调控组件位于所述光学元件和所述光传感器之间。
  20. 根据权利要求11所述的显示装置，其中所述光学元件对应所述主显示区和所述显示传感区设置。
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