WO2022174633A1 - 一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法 - Google Patents

一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022174633A1
WO2022174633A1 PCT/CN2021/131371 CN2021131371W WO2022174633A1 WO 2022174633 A1 WO2022174633 A1 WO 2022174633A1 CN 2021131371 W CN2021131371 W CN 2021131371W WO 2022174633 A1 WO2022174633 A1 WO 2022174633A1
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edge
unidirectional prepreg
along
center
layup
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PCT/CN2021/131371
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田桂芝
武海生
黎昱
陈维强
刘佳
朱大雷
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北京卫星制造厂有限公司
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Publication of WO2022174633A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022174633A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/34—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation
    • B29C70/342—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core and shaping or impregnating by compression, i.e. combined with compressing after the lay-up operation using isostatic pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/54—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations, e.g. feeding or storage of prepregs or SMC after impregnation or during ageing
    • B29C70/545—Perforating, cutting or machining during or after moulding

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of composite material structure forming, and in particular relates to a layering method of a regular hexagonal composite material open shell.
  • the antenna reflector is an important part of the antenna.
  • the regular polygon composite open shell structure has high requirements on dimensional accuracy and structural stability.
  • the fibers at the edges of each layup are discontinuous, and each layup is symmetrical with respect to the structure, so that the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the antenna reflector cannot be guaranteed.
  • the technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, a method for laying up regular hexagonal composite material open shells is provided, which effectively ensures that the fibers at the edges of each laying layer of the regular polygonal structure are continuous, and at the same time It can ensure that each layer of layup is symmetrical relative to the structure, thereby ensuring the mechanical properties and dimensional stability of the structure.
  • a method for laying up a regular hexagonal composite open shell comprising the following steps: Step 1: Presetting a regular hexagonal composite open shell; The shape composite open shell includes six sides and one bottom; all six sides are connected with the bottom; step 2: the unidirectional prepreg adopts 0° layup for the six sides and one bottom; step three: in step two On the basis of the unidirectional prepreg, M° is applied to the six sides and one bottom surface; where M° is an angle between 0° and 60°; Step 4: On the basis of Step 3, the unidirectional prepreg is The prepreg adopts 60° layup on six sides and one bottom surface; Step 5: On the basis of Step 4, the unidirectional prepreg adopts N° layup on six sides and one bottom surface; where N° is 60° Angle between ⁇ 90°; Step 6: On the basis of Step 5, the unidirectional prepreg is layered at 90° on six sides and one bottom surface.
  • the height direction along the regular hexagon on the side is defined as the 0° direction of the fiber, and the side fiber is naturally formed after being folded along the regular hexagonal edge.
  • the direction of the fiber is defined as the 0° direction of the fiber on the bottom surface; the edges at the opening of the regular hexagon are respectively defined as the first edge, the second edge, the third edge, the fourth edge, the fifth edge, and the sixth edge.
  • Edge, seventh edge, eighth edge, ninth edge, tenth edge, eleventh edge and twelfth edge, starting from the first edge, unidirectional prepreg The 0° ply is folded along the seventh edge and then spreads at the center of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the seventh edge is cut off; from the second edge Start laying up, the unidirectional prepreg 0° layup is folded along the eighth edge, and then it is laid at the center of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg is outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the eighth edge.
  • step 3 the lamination is started from the first edge, and the unidirectional prepreg M° lamination is along the side and the seventh edge of the regular hexagon. Folded to the bottom, the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; starting from the second edge, the M° layer of the unidirectional prepreg is folded to the bottom along the side and the eighth edge of the regular hexagon, and the unidirectional prepreg is folded to the bottom.
  • the prepreg is uninterrupted; starting from the third edge, the unidirectional prepreg M° layup is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the ninth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; The layering starts at the fourth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg M° layer is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the tenth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; the layering starts from the fifth edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg M° layup is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the eleventh edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; starting from the sixth edge, the unidirectional prepreg
  • the material M° layer is folded to the bottom along the side and twelfth edge of the regular hexagon, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; from the first edge, the second edge, the third edge, and the fourth edge ,
  • the unidirectional prepreg M° layup at the beginning of the fifth edge and the sixth edge, all folded and then layed on the bottom, and the unidirectional prepreg M° layup in different directions has excess length after the bottom face is connected
  • the bottom surface and six sides except the bottom surface fracture are layered; among them, the bottom surface fracture is a regular hexagon with the same shape as the bottom surface; the fiber woven cloth is covered with the bottom surface fracture.
  • step 4 the lamination starts from the first edge, and the 60° lamination of the unidirectional prepreg is along the side and the seventh edge of the regular hexagon. Fold over and stop at the center of the bottom surface, and cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the seventh edge; start laying at the second edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is 60° After the layup is folded along the eighth edge, it is laid at the center of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangle area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two end points of the eighth edge is cut off; the laying starts from the third edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg 60° layup is folded along the ninth edge and then spreads to stop at the center of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangle area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the ninth edge is cut off ;
  • the unidirectional prepreg 60° layup is folded along the tenth edge and then laid at the center of the bottom surface to stop, the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the tenth edge form a triangular area
  • the outer unidirectional prepreg is cut off; the layering starts from the fifth edge, and the 60° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the eleventh edge and then spreads at the center of the bottom surface, and the center of the bottom surface is the same as the tenth edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the two end points of one edge is cut off; the layering starts from the sixth edge, and the 60° layering of the one-way prepreg is folded along the twelfth edge and then laid Stop at the center of the bottom surface, and cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the twelfth edge.
  • step 5 the lamination is started from the first edge, and the unidirectional prepreg N° lamination is along the side and the seventh edge of the regular hexagon. Folded to the bottom, the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; starting from the second edge, the unidirectional prepreg N° layup is folded to the bottom along the side and eighth edge of the regular hexagon, and the unidirectional prepreg is folded to the bottom.
  • the prepreg is uninterrupted; starting from the third edge, the unidirectional prepreg N° layup is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the ninth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; The layering starts at the fourth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg N° layer is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the tenth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; it starts from the fifth edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg N° layup is folded along the side of the regular hexagon and the eleventh edge to the bottom, the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; the layup starts from the sixth edge, and the unidirectional prepreg is
  • the N° layer is folded to the bottom along the side and twelfth edge of the regular hexagon, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; from the first edge, the second edge, the third edge, and the fourth edge , N° layers of unidirectional prepreg laid at the beginning of the fifth edge and the sixth edge, all folded and laid to the bottom, and the N° layers of unidirectional prepregs in different directions have excess length after the bottom face is connected
  • the bottom surface and six sides except the bottom surface fracture are layered; among them, the bottom surface fracture is a regular hexagon with the same shape as the bottom surface; the fiber woven cloth is covered with the bottom surface fracture.
  • step 6 the lamination starts from the first edge, and the 90° lamination of the unidirectional prepreg is along the side and the seventh edge of the regular hexagon. Fold over and stop at the center of the bottom surface, and cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the seventh edge; start from the second edge to lay up the unidirectional prepreg at 90° After the layup is folded along the eighth edge, it is laid at the center of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangle area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two end points of the eighth edge is cut off; the laying starts from the third edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg 90° layup is folded along the ninth edge and then spreads to stop at the center of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangle area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the ninth edge is cut off ;
  • the unidirectional prepreg 90° layup is folded along the tenth edge and then lays down at the center of the bottom surface, and the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the tenth edge form a triangular area
  • the outer unidirectional prepreg is cut off; the layering starts from the fifth edge, and the 90° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the eleventh edge and then spreads at the center of the bottom surface, and the center of the bottom surface is the same as the tenth edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the two end points of one edge is cut off; the layers are laid from the sixth edge, and the 90° unidirectional prepreg is folded along the twelfth edge and then laid on the bottom surface Stop at the center, and cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the twelfth edge.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the layering method of the invention ensures that the main bearing surfaces and edges of the open shell of the regular polygon composite material are continuous, and the fracture surface is the bottom surface of the regular polygon with low mechanical requirements, thereby effectively ensuring the opening of the regular polygon composite material. Mechanical properties of the shell after curing.
  • This layering method also ensures the symmetry of each layer of the regular polygon composite open shell, thereby effectively ensuring the dimensional stability of the regular polygon composite open shell after curing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a regular hexagonal composite open shell provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a 0° layup provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an M° (angle between 0° and 60°) layup provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a 60° layup provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • N° angle between 60° and 90°
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a 90° layup provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • This embodiment provides a method for laying up a regular hexagonal composite open shell, the method comprising the following steps: Step 1: Presetting a regular hexagonal composite open shell; wherein, the regular hexagonal composite open shell Including six sides and a bottom; all six sides are connected with the bottom; as shown in Figure 1.
  • Step 2 The unidirectional prepreg is layered at 0° on six sides and one bottom surface;
  • Step 3 On the basis of Step 2, the unidirectional prepreg is layered with M° on six sides and one bottom surface; wherein, M° is an angle between 0° and 60°;
  • Step 4 On the basis of Step 3, the unidirectional prepreg is layered at 60° on six sides and one bottom surface;
  • Step 5 On the basis of Step 4, the unidirectional prepreg is layered with N° on six sides and one bottom surface; wherein, N° is an angle between 60° and 90°;
  • Step 6 On the basis of Step 5, the unidirectional prepreg is layered at 90° on six sides and one bottom surface.
  • the height direction along the regular hexagon on the side is defined as the 0° direction of the fiber, and the direction naturally formed after the side fiber is folded along the edge of the regular hexagon is defined as the 0° direction of the fiber on the bottom surface ° direction;
  • the edges at the opening of the regular hexagon are respectively defined as the first edge 1, the second edge 2, the third edge 3, the fourth edge 4, the fifth edge 5, the sixth edge 6,
  • the 0° lay-up of the prepreg is folded along the seventh edge 7 and then laid at the center 20 of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg is cut outside the triangular area formed by the center 20 of the bottom surface and the two end points of the seventh edge 7.
  • the layering starts from the second edge 2, and the unidirectional prepreg 0° layer is folded along the eighth edge 8 and then spreads at the bottom center 20 and stops at the bottom center 20 and the eighth edge 8.
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the endpoints is cut off; the layering starts from the third edge 3, and the unidirectional prepreg 0° layer is folded along the ninth edge 9 and then laid on the bottom center 20
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center 20 of the bottom surface and the two end points of the ninth edge 9 is cut off; starting from the fourth edge 4, the unidirectional prepreg is laminated at 0°
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangle area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the tenth edge 10 is cut off; from the fifth edge 5 Start laying up, the unidirectional prepreg 0° layup is turned along the eleventh edge 11 and then spreads to the bottom center 20 and stops, the bottom center 20 and the
  • step 3 the layering starts from the first edge 1, and the unidirectional prepreg M° layering is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the seventh edge 7.
  • the prepreg is uninterrupted;
  • the layering starts from the second edge 2, the unidirectional prepreg M° layer is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the eighth edge 8, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted ;
  • the unidirectional prepreg M° layup is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the ninth edge 9, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted;
  • from the fourth edge Start laying at edge 4, and the unidirectional prepreg M° layup is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the tenth edge 10, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted;
  • the fifth edge 5 Layer the unidirectional prepreg M° layup is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the eleventh edge 11, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted; starting from the sixth edge 6, the unidirectional prepreg
  • the unidirectional prepreg M° layered at the beginning of the fourth edge 4, the fifth edge 5 and the sixth edge 6, and the layers are all folded to the bottom, and the unidirectional prepreg M in different directions °
  • the excess length of the layup layer is cut off after the bottom face is connected to form a layup on the bottom face and six sides except the bottom face fracture;
  • the bottom face fracture is a regular hexagon with the same shape as the bottom face;
  • the fiber woven fabric is covered with the bottom face fracture.
  • step 4 the layering starts from the first edge 1, and the 60° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the side of the regular hexagon and the seventh edge 7 and folded to the center of the bottom surface 20 Stop, cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center 20 of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the seventh edge 7; start laying up from the second edge 2, and lay the unidirectional prepreg at 60° along the After the eighth edge 8 is folded, the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the eighth edge 8 is cut off; from the third edge 3 Start laying, the unidirectional prepreg 60° lay-up is folded along the ninth edge 9 and then spreads at the bottom center 20 and stops, and the single point outside the triangular area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the ninth edge 9.
  • the prepreg Cut off to the prepreg; start from the fourth edge 4, lay the unidirectional prepreg 60° layer along the tenth edge 10, and then lay it at the bottom center 20, and the bottom center 20 is the same as the tenth edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the two end points of the edge 10 is cut off; the layering starts from the fifth edge 5, and the 60° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is turned along the eleventh edge 11
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the eleventh edge 11 is cut off; starting from the sixth edge 6, the unidirectional prepreg is The 60° layup of the prepreg is folded along the twelfth edge 12 and then laid at the center 20 of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center 20 of the bottom surface and the two end points of the twelfth edge 12 cut off.
  • step 5 the layering starts from the first edge 1, and the unidirectional prepreg N° layering is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the seventh edge 7, and the unidirectional prepreg is folded to the bottom.
  • the prepreg is uninterrupted;
  • the layering starts from the second edge 2, and the unidirectional prepreg N° layer is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the eighth edge 8, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted ;
  • the unidirectional prepreg N° layup is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the ninth edge 9, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted;
  • from the fourth edge Start laying at edge 4, and the unidirectional prepreg N° layup is turned to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the tenth edge 10, and the unidirectional prepreg is uninterrupted;
  • the fifth edge 5 Layer the unidirectional prepreg N° layup is folded to the bottom along the side of the regular hexagon and the eleventh edge 11, and the unidirectional
  • the N° unidirectional prepregs laid at the beginning of the fourth edge 4, the fifth edge 5 and the sixth edge 6 are all folded and laid on the bottom, and the unidirectional prepregs in different directions are laid at N° After the bottom surface is connected, the excess length is cut off to form the bottom surface and the six sides except the bottom surface fracture; among them, the bottom surface fracture is a regular hexagon with the same shape as the bottom surface; the fiber woven cloth is covered with the bottom surface fracture.
  • step 6 the layering starts from the first edge 1, and the 90° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the side of the regular hexagon and the seventh edge 7 to the center of the bottom surface 20 Stop, cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center 20 of the bottom surface and the two endpoints of the seventh edge 7; start laying up from the second edge 2, and lay the unidirectional prepreg at 90° along the After the eighth edge 8 is folded, the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the eighth edge 8 is cut off; from the third edge 3 Start laying up, the unidirectional prepreg 90° layup is folded along the ninth edge 9 and then spreads at the bottom center 20 and stops, and the single point outside the triangular area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the ninth edge 9.
  • the prepreg Cut off to the prepreg; start from the fourth edge 4, lay the unidirectional prepreg at 90° along the tenth edge 10 and then lay it at the bottom center 20 and stop at the bottom center 20 and the tenth edge.
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the two end points of the edge 10 is cut off; starting from the fifth edge 5, the unidirectional prepreg 90° layup is turned along the eleventh edge 11
  • the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the bottom center 20 and the two end points of the eleventh edge 11 is cut off; starting from the sixth edge 6, the unidirectional prepreg is The 90° layup of the prepreg is folded along the twelfth edge 12 and then laid at the center 20 of the bottom surface, and the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center 20 of the bottom surface and the two end points of the twelfth edge 12 cut off.
  • the regular polygon composite open shell layup includes multiple layers, each layer is a unidirectional prepreg layup, and the layup adopts a male mold tooling.
  • the height direction of the regular polygon on the side is defined as the 0° direction of the fiber
  • the direction that the side fiber naturally forms after being folded along the polygon edge is defined as the 0° direction of the fiber on the bottom surface.
  • the edges at the opening of the regular polygon are respectively defined as the first edge 1, the second edge 2, the third edge 3, the fourth edge 4, the fifth edge 5, the sixth edge 6, and the seventh edge 7.
  • the eighth edge 8, the ninth edge 9, the tenth edge 10, the eleventh edge 11 and the twelfth edge 12, 0° layering select any side of the regular polygon to start, first from the regular polygon
  • the layering starts at the first edge 1 of the opening of the polygonal shell, and the 0° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and stops at the center 20 of the regular polygon on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the third step starts from the third edge 3 of the regular polygon shell, and the 0° layer of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and stops at the center of the regular polygon 20 on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the third step starts from the third edge 3 of the regular polygon shell, and the 0° layer of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and stops at the center of the regular polygon 20 on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the fourth step is to start laying up at the fourth edge 4 of the regular polygon shell.
  • the 0° lay-up of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then stops at the center of the regular polygon 20 on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the fifth step is to start the layup at the fifth edge 5 of the regular polygon shell.
  • the 0° layup of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then stops at the center of the regular polygon 20 on the bottom surface.
  • the sixth step is to start the layup at the sixth edge 6 of the regular polygon shell.
  • the 0° layup of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then stops at the center of the regular polygon 20 on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges. All surfaces of the polygonal shell tooling are covered, the fibers are butted without overlapping, and finally a regular polygonal composite open shell 0° layup is formed.
  • Step 3 Continue to lay N° ply on the 0° ply.
  • N° ply is defined as an angle between 0° and 90°.
  • N° is based on the 0° direction.
  • N° layering starts from the edge of any opening of the regular polygon, starts from the first edge 1 of the regular polygon shell, and then folds along the edges of the side and bottom surface of the regular polygon, the fibers are uninterrupted, and then Start from the second edge 2 of the regular polygon shell with unidirectional prepreg N° layup, and fold along the edges of the regular polygon side and bottom surface, the fibers are uninterrupted, and the prepregs are connected by butt joints.
  • the unidirectional prepreg N° layup starts from the sixth edge 6 of the regular polygon shell, It is folded along the edges of the sides and bottom of the regular polygon, the fibers are uninterrupted, and the prepregs are butted without overlapping.
  • the bottom surface fracture will form a polygon (Q) with the same shape as the bottom surface. This area is covered with (0/90) fiber woven cloth.
  • 0° is along the edge direction of the fracture polygon. All the fibers at the splices are butted without overlapping. Form a regular polygonal composite open shell N° layup. In particular, when N is ⁇ 1/2[(n-2) ⁇ (180/n)] ⁇ , the bottom surface fracture is just butted completely, and a polygonal fracture with the same shape as the bottom surface will not be formed (Fig. 3-2).
  • Step 4 90° is based on the 0° direction. Start from any side of the regular polygon for 90° layup, start from any side of the regular polygon for 90° layup, start from the first edge 1 of the regular polygon shell, and lay the unidirectional prepreg at 90° After the layer is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon, it stops at the center of the regular polygon on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the third step starts from the third edge 3 of the regular polygon shell, and the unidirectional prepreg 90° layup is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and stops at the center of the regular polygon on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the fourth step starts laying at the fourth edge 4 of the regular polygon shell.
  • the 90° lay-up of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and stops at the center of the regular polygon on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the fifth step is to start the layup at the fifth edge 5 of the regular polygon shell.
  • the 90° layup of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then stops at the center of the regular polygon on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges.
  • the sixth step is to start the layup at the sixth edge 6 of the regular polygon shell.
  • the 90° layup of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then stops at the center of the regular polygon on the bottom surface. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges. All surfaces of the polygonal shell tooling are covered, the fibers are butted without overlapping, and finally a 90° layup of a regular polygonal composite open shell is formed.
  • Step 5 According to the thickness of the product, perform (0/ ⁇ N/90)ns layering in sequence until the desired thickness is reached.
  • Step 6 According to the curing system of the product, normal temperature rise, pressure curing, and demoulding.
  • the unidirectional prepreg was used for layup on the regular hexagon mold.
  • the 0° direction of the side surface is along the height direction
  • the 0° direction of the fibers on the bottom surface is the direction naturally formed after the side fibers are folded along the polygonal edge.
  • the 0° layering starts from any side of the regular hexagon, and starts from the opening edge of the regular hexagon shell.
  • the 0° layering of the unidirectional prepreg is folded along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then laid on the bottom surface. Stop at the center of the regular polygon. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges. Cover all sides of the hexagonal shell tool in this manner, with the fibers butted but not lapped.
  • ⁇ 45° is based on the 0° direction, select the edge of any opening of the regular hexagon, start from the edge of the opening of the regular hexagon shell, and the ⁇ 45° unidirectional prepreg is along the edge of the polygon bottom surface.
  • the layers are layered to the bottom, and the layers are folded along the side edges to the next side, and the fibers on the next side are folded along the corresponding bottom edges to be laid on the bottom.
  • the bottom fracture will form a regular hexagon, and this area is covered with (0/90) woven fabric.
  • the regular hexagonal fracture on the bottom surface between the 45° ply and the -45° ply shall be staggered by at least 10mm or more.
  • ⁇ 60° is based on the 0° direction, select the edge of any opening of the regular hexagon, start from the edge of the opening of the regular hexagon shell, and the ⁇ 60° unidirectional prepreg is along the edge of the polygon bottom surface.
  • the layers are laid to the bottom, and the layers are folded along the side edges to the next side.
  • the fibers on the next side are then folded along the corresponding bottom edge and laid on the bottom, and the bottom is completely butted after laying. , does not form a regular hexagonal fracture.
  • the regular hexagonal fracture on the bottom surface between the 60° ply and the -60° ply should be staggered by at least 10mm or more.
  • 90° is based on the 0° direction, select any side of the regular polygon, start from the opening edge of the regular polygon shell, and lay the 90° unidirectional prepreg along the edge of the bottom surface of the polygon and then lay it on the bottom surface. Stop at the center of the face regular polygon. Cut off the unidirectional prepreg outside the triangular area formed by the center of the bottom surface and the end points of the side edges. Then lay the layers in the order of 90/-60/+60/-45/+45/0.
  • the operator can pre-cut the material first, and then lay it on the male mold tool according to the layup angle order. , demoulding.
  • the layup method of this embodiment ensures that the fibers at the main bearing surfaces and edges of the open shell of the regular polygonal composite material are continuous, and the fracture surface is the bottom surface of the regular polygonal polygon with low mechanical requirements, thereby effectively ensuring the regular polygonal composite material.
  • This layering method also ensures the symmetry of each layer of the regular polygon composite open shell, thereby effectively ensuring the dimensional stability of the regular polygon composite open shell after curing.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，该方法包括如下步骤：预设正六边形复合材料开口壳体；单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用0°铺层；单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用M°铺层；单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用60°铺层；单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用N°铺层单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用90°铺层。本发明有效地保证正多边形结构每层铺层的棱边处纤维连续，同时可以保证每层铺层相对于结构是对称的，进而保证结构的力学性能及尺寸稳定性。

Description

一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法
本申请要求于2021年02月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110191845.3、申请名称为“一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明属于复合材料结构成型技术领域，尤其涉及一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法。
背景技术
天线反射器是天线的一个重要组成部分，正多边形复合材料开口壳体结构作为一种新型的天线反射器结构，其尺寸精度及结构稳定性都有很高的要求。现有的纤维铺层时每层铺层的棱边处纤维不连续，且每层铺层相对于结构是对称的，使得天线反射器的力学性能及尺寸稳定性无法保证。
发明内容
本发明解决的技术问题是：克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，有效地保证正多边形结构每层铺层的棱边处纤维连续，同时可以保证每层铺层相对于结构是对称的，进而保证结构的力学性能及尺寸稳定性。
本发明目的通过以下技术方案予以实现：一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：步骤一：预设正六边形复合材料开口壳体；其中，正六边形复合材料开口壳体包括六个侧面和一个底面；六个侧面均与底面相连接；步骤二：单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用0°铺层；步骤三：在步骤二的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用M°铺层；其中，M°为0°～60°之间的角度；步骤四：在步骤三的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用60°铺层；步骤五：在步骤四的基础上，单向预 浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用N°铺层；其中，N°为60°～90°之间的角度；步骤六：在步骤五的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用90°铺层。
上述正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法中，在步骤二中，侧面上沿正六边形的高度方向定义为纤维的0°方向，侧面纤维沿正六边形棱边折转后自然形成的方向定义为底面上纤维的0°方向；正六边形开口处的棱边分别定义为第一棱边、第二棱边、第三棱边、第四棱边、第五棱边、第六棱边、第七棱边、第八棱边、第九棱边、第十棱边、第十一棱边和第十二棱边，从第一棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第七棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第七棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第二棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第八棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第八棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第三棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第九棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第九棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第四棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第五棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十一棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十一棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第六棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十二棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十二棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
上述正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法中，在步骤三中，从第一棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第二棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第八棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第三棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第九棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第四棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十 棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第五棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十一棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第六棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十二棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第一棱边、第二棱边、第三棱边、第四棱边、第五棱边和第六棱边开始铺的单向预浸料M°铺层，全部折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的单向预浸料M°铺层在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，形成除底面断口的底面和六个侧面都铺层；其中，底面断口为与底面形状相同的正六边形；纤维编织布铺满底面断口。
上述正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法中，在步骤四中，从第一棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边折转到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第七棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第二棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第八棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第八棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第三棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第九棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第九棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第四棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第五棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十一棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十一棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第六棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十二棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十二棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
上述正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法中，在步骤五中，从第一棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第二棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第八棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第三棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第九棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不 间断；从第四棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第五棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十一棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第六棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十二棱边折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第一棱边、第二棱边、第三棱边、第四棱边、第五棱边和第六棱边开始铺的单向预浸料N°铺层，全部折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的单向预浸料N°铺层在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，形成除底面断口的底面和六个侧面都铺层；其中，底面断口为与底面形状相同的正六边形；纤维编织布铺满底面断口。
上述正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法中，在步骤六中，从第一棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边折转到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第七棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第二棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第八棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第八棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第三棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第九棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第九棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第四棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第五棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十一棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十一棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第六棱边处开始铺层，90°单向预浸料沿第十二棱边折转后铺到底面中心处停止，底面中心与第十二棱边的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下有益效果：
本发明的铺层方法保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体侧面主要承力面及棱边处的纤维连续，断裂面为力学要求不高的正多边形底面，从而有效地保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体固化后的力学性能。此铺层方式也同时保证了正多 边形复合材料开口壳体每层铺层结构的对称性，从而有效地保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体固化后的尺寸稳定性。
附图说明
通过阅读下文优选实施方式的详细描述，各种其他的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。附图仅用于示出优选实施方式的目的，而并不认为是对本发明的限制。而且在整个附图中，用相同的参考符号表示相同的部件。在附图中：
图1是本发明实施例提供的正六边形复合材料开口壳体的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的0°铺层示意图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的M°(0°～60°之间角度)铺层示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的60°铺层示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的N°(60°～90°之间角度)铺层示意图；
图6是本发明实施例提供的90°铺层示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
本实施例提供了一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，该方法包括如下步骤：步骤一：预设正六边形复合材料开口壳体；其中，正六边形复合材料开口壳体包括六个侧面和一个底面；六个侧面均与底面相连接；如图1所示。
步骤二：单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用0°铺层；
步骤三：在步骤二的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用M° 铺层；其中，M°为0°～60°之间的角度；
步骤四：在步骤三的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用60°铺层；
步骤五：在步骤四的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用N°铺层；其中，N°为60°～90°之间的角度；
步骤六：在步骤五的基础上，单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用90°铺层。
在步骤二中，如图2所示，侧面上沿正六边形的高度方向定义为纤维的0°方向，侧面纤维沿正六边形棱边折转后自然形成的方向定义为底面上纤维的0°方向；正六边形开口处的棱边分别定义为第一棱边1、第二棱边2、第三棱边3、第四棱边4、第五棱边5、第六棱边6、第七棱边7、第八棱边8、第九棱边9、第十棱边10、第十一棱边11和第十二棱边12，从第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第七棱边7折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第七棱边7的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第二棱边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第八棱边8折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第八棱边8的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第三棱边3处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第九棱边9折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第九棱边9的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十棱边10折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十棱边10的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十一棱边11折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十一棱边11的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十二棱边12折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十二棱边12的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
在步骤三中，如图3所示，从第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边7折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第二棱 边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第八棱边8折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第三棱边3处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第九棱边9折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十棱边10折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十一棱边11折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十二棱边12折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第一棱边1、第二棱边2、第三棱边3、第四棱边4、第五棱边5和第六棱边6开始铺的单向预浸料M°铺层，全部折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的单向预浸料M°铺层在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，形成除底面断口的底面和六个侧面都铺层；其中，底面断口为与底面形状相同的正六边形；纤维编织布铺满底面断口。
在步骤四中，如图4所示，从第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边7折转到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第七棱边7的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第二棱边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第八棱边8折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第八棱边8的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第三棱边3处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第九棱边9折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第九棱边9的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十棱边10折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十棱边10的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十一棱边11折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十一棱边11的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十二棱边12折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十二棱边12的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
在步骤五中，如图5所示，从第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边7折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第二棱边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第八棱边8折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第三棱边3处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第九棱边9折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十棱边10折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十一棱边11折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十二棱边12折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；从第一棱边1、第二棱边2、第三棱边3、第四棱边4、第五棱边5和第六棱边6开始铺的N°单向预浸料，全部折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的单向预浸料N°铺层在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，形成除底面断口的底面和六个侧面都铺层；其中，底面断口为与底面形状相同的正六边形；纤维编织布铺满底面断口。
在步骤六中，如图6所示，从第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边7折转到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第七棱边7的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第二棱边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第八棱边8折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第八棱边8的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第三棱边3处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第九棱边9折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第九棱边9的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十棱边10折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十棱边10的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十一棱边11折转后铺到底面中心20处停止，底面中心20与第十一棱边11的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；从第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十二棱边12折转后铺到底面中心20处停 止，底面中心20与第十二棱边12的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
正多边形复合材料开口壳体铺层包括多层，每一层都为单向预浸料铺层，所述铺层采用阳模工装。
在铺层时，侧面上沿正多边形的高度方向定义为纤维的0°方向，侧面纤维沿多边形棱边折转后自然形成的方向定义为底面上纤维的0°方向。正多边形开口处的棱边分别定义为第一棱边1、第二棱边2、第三棱边3、第四棱边4、第五棱边5、第六棱边6、第七棱边7、第八棱边8、第九棱边9、第十棱边10、第十一棱边11和第十二棱边12，0°铺层选择正多边形的任意一个侧面开始，首先从正多边形壳体开口的第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心20处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。然后从正多边形壳体第二棱边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形20中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第三步从正多边形壳体第三棱边3处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形20中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第四步正多边形壳体第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形20中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第五步正多边形壳体第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形20中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第六步正多边形壳体第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形20中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。将多边形壳体工装的所有面铺满，纤维对接而不搭接，最终形成正多边形复合材料开口壳体0°铺层。
步骤三：在0°铺层上继续铺N°铺层，N°铺层定义为0°～90°之间的某个角 度。N°以0°方向为基准。N°铺层选择正多边形的任意一个开口处的棱边开始，从正多边形壳体第一棱边1处开始铺层，然后沿正多边形侧面及底面的棱边折转，纤维不间断，然后从用单向预浸料N°铺层从正多边形壳体第二棱边2处开始铺层，沿正多边形侧面及底面的棱边折转，纤维不间断，预浸料之间采用对接而不搭接，继续地，用单向预浸料N°铺层从正多边形壳体第三棱边3处开始铺层，沿正多边形侧面及底面的棱边折转，纤维不间断，预浸料之间采用对接而不搭接，继续地，用单向预浸料N°铺层从正多边形壳体第四棱边4处开始铺层，沿正多边形侧面及底面的棱边折转，纤维不间断，预浸料之间采用对接而不搭接，继续地，用单向预浸料N°铺层从正多边形壳体第五棱边5处开始铺层，沿正多边形侧面及底面的棱边折转，纤维不间断，预浸料之间采用对接而不搭接，继续地，用单向预浸料N°铺层从正多边形壳体第六棱边6处开始铺层，沿正多边形侧面及底面的棱边折转，纤维不间断，预浸料之间采用对接而不搭接。从第一棱边1、第二棱边2、第三棱边3、第四棱边4、第五棱边5、第六棱边6开始铺的单向预浸料N°铺层，全部沿多边形底面棱边折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的预浸料在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，最终形成的铺层是所有侧面棱边连续，所有底面棱边纤维也连续。底面断口会形成一个与底面形状相同的多边形(Q)，此区域用(0/90)的纤维编织布铺满，0°沿断口多边形棱边方向，所有拼接处纤维对接而不搭接，最终形成正多边形复合材料开口壳体N°铺层。特别地，当N为±{1/2[(n-2)×(180/n)]}时，底面断口刚好对接完全，不会形成与底面形状相同的多边形断口(图3-2)。
步骤四：90°以0°方向为基准。90°铺层选择正多边形的任意一个侧面开始，90°铺层选择正多边形的任意一个侧面开始，首先从正多边形壳体第一棱边1处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。然后从正多边形壳体第二棱边2处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第三步从正多边形壳体第三棱边3处开始 铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第四步正多边形壳体第四棱边4处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第五步正多边形壳体第五棱边5处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。第六步正多边形壳体第六棱边6处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。将多边形壳体工装的所有面铺满，纤维对接而不搭接，最终形成正多边形复合材料开口壳体90°铺层。
步骤五：按照产品的厚度，依次进行(0/±N/90)ns铺层，直到达到所需的厚度。
步骤六：按照产品的固化制度，正常升温、加压固化、脱模。
按照(0°/±45°/±60°/90)S角度铺层顺序，用单向预浸料在正六边形模具上进行铺层。侧面0°方向沿高度方向，底面上纤维的0°方向为侧面纤维沿多边形棱边折转后自然形成的方向。
0°铺层选择正六边形的任意一个侧面开始，从正六边形壳体开口棱边处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。按照此方式将六边形壳体工装的所有面铺满，纤维对接而不搭接。
±45°以0°方向为基准，选择正六边形的任意一个开口处的棱边开始，从正六边形壳体开口棱边处开始铺层，±45°单向预浸料沿多边形底面棱边折转后铺层到底面，沿侧面棱边折转后铺层到下一个侧面，下一个侧面的纤维再沿其对应的底边棱边折转到底面铺覆。底面断口会形成一个正六边形，此区域用(0/90)的纤维编织布铺满。﹢45°铺层与-45°铺层之间底面的正六边形断口铺覆时拼缝错开至少10mm以上。
±60°以0°方向为基准，选择正六边形的任意一个开口处的棱边开始，从正六边形壳体开口棱边处开始铺层，±60°单向预浸料沿多边形底面棱边折转后铺层到底面，沿侧面棱边折转后铺层到下一个侧面，下一个侧面的纤维再沿其对应的底边棱边折转到底面铺覆，铺覆后底面完全对接，不会形成正六边形断口。﹢60°铺层与-60°铺层之间底面的正六边形断口铺覆时拼缝错开至少10mm以上。
90°以0°方向为基准，选择正多边形的任意一个侧面开始，从正多边形壳体开口棱边处开始铺层，90°单向预浸料沿多边形底面棱边折转后在底面铺到底面正多边形中心处停止。底面中心与侧棱端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。然后再按照90/-60/﹢60/-45/﹢45/0的顺序依次铺层。
在整个铺层过程中，操作工可以先预先下料，然后按照铺层角度顺序铺叠在阳模工装上，铺完所需的层数后，通过辅材固定，然后封真空、加压固化、脱模。
本实施例的铺层方法保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体侧面主要承力面及棱边处的纤维连续，断裂面为力学要求不高的正多边形底面，从而有效地保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体固化后的力学性能。此铺层方式也同时保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体每层铺层结构的对称性，从而有效地保证了正多边形复合材料开口壳体固化后的尺寸稳定性。
本发明虽然已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并不是用来限定本发明，任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可以利用上述揭示的方法和技术内容对本发明技术方案做出可能的变动和修改，因此，凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化及修饰，均属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤一：预设正六边形复合材料开口壳体；其中，正六边形复合材料开口壳体包括六个侧面和一个底面；六个侧面均与底面相连接；
    步骤二：采用单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用0°铺层；
    步骤三：在步骤二的基础上，采用单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用M°铺层；其中，M°为0°～60°之间的角度；
    步骤四：在步骤三的基础上，采用单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用60°铺层；
    步骤五：在步骤四的基础上，采用单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用N°铺层；其中，N°为60°～90°之间的角度；
    步骤六：在步骤五的基础上，采用单向预浸料对六个侧面和一个底面采用90°铺层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，其特征在于：在步骤二中，侧面上沿正六边形的高度方向定义为纤维的0°方向，侧面纤维沿正六边形棱边折转后自然形成的方向定义为底面上纤维的0°方向；正六边形开口处的棱边分别定义为第一棱边(1)、第二棱边(2)、第三棱边(3)、第四棱边(4)、第五棱边(5)、第六棱边(6)；底面的棱边分别定义为第七棱边(7)、第八棱边(8)、第九棱边(9)、第十棱边(10)、第十一棱边(11)和第十二棱边(12)。
    从第一棱边(1)处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第七棱边(7)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第七棱边(7)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第二棱边(2)处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第八棱边(8)折转 后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第八棱边(8)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第三棱边(3)处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第九棱边(9)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第九棱边(9)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第四棱边(4)处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十棱边(10)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十棱边(10)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第五棱边(5)处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十一棱边(11)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十一棱边(11)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第六棱边(6)处开始铺层，单向预浸料0°铺层沿第十二棱边(12)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十二棱边(12)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，其特征在于：在步骤三中，从第一棱边(1)处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边(7)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第二棱边(2)处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第八棱边(8)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第三棱边(3)处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第九棱边(9)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第四棱边(4)处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十棱边(10)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第五棱边(5)处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十一棱边(11)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第六棱边(6)处开始铺层，单向预浸料M°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及 第十二棱边(12)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    单向预浸料M°铺层从第一棱边(1)、第二棱边(2)、第三棱边(3)、第四棱边(4)、第五棱边(5)和第六棱边(6)开始铺的单向预浸料M°铺层，全部折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的M°单向预浸料在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，形成除底面断口的底面和六个侧面都铺层；其中，底面断口为与底面形状相同的正六边形；
    纤维编织布铺满底面断口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，其特征在于：在步骤四中，从第一棱边(1)处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边(7)折转到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第七棱边(7)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第二棱边(2)处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第八棱边(8)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第八棱边(8)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第三棱边(3)处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第九棱边(9)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第九棱边(9)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第四棱边(4)处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十棱边(10)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十棱边(10)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第五棱边(5)处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十一棱边(11)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十一棱边(11)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第六棱边(6)处开始铺层，单向预浸料60°铺层沿第十二棱边(12)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十二棱边(12)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，其特征在于：在步骤五中，从第一棱边(1)处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边(7)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第二棱边(2)处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第八棱边(8)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第三棱边(3)处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第九棱边(9)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第四棱边(4)处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十棱边(10)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第五棱边(5)处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十一棱边(11)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第六棱边(6)处开始铺层，单向预浸料N°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第十二棱边(12)折转到底面，单向预浸料不间断；
    从第一棱边(1)、第二棱边(2)、第三棱边(3)、第四棱边(4)、第五棱边(5)和第六棱边(6)开始铺的单向预浸料N°，全部折转后铺层到底面，不同方向的N°单向预浸料在底面对接后长度多余的裁切掉，形成除底面断口的底面和六个侧面都铺层；其中，底面断口为与底面形状相同的正六边形；
    纤维编织布铺满底面断口。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的正六边形复合材料开口壳体的铺层方法，其特征在于：在步骤六中，从第一棱边(1)处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿正六边形的侧面及第七棱边(7)折转到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第七棱边(7)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第二棱边(2)处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第八棱边(8)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第八棱边(8)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第三棱边(3)处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第九棱边(9)折 转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第九棱边(9)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第四棱边(4)处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十棱边(10)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十棱边(10)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第五棱边(5)处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十一棱边(11)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十一棱边(11)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉；
    从第六棱边(6)处开始铺层，单向预浸料90°铺层沿第十二棱边(12)折转后铺到底面中心(20)处停止，底面中心(20)与第十二棱边(12)的两个端点形成的三角形区域外的单向预浸料裁掉。
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