WO2022171181A1 - 气管导管的交换引导套件及应用 - Google Patents
气管导管的交换引导套件及应用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022171181A1 WO2022171181A1 PCT/CN2022/075882 CN2022075882W WO2022171181A1 WO 2022171181 A1 WO2022171181 A1 WO 2022171181A1 CN 2022075882 W CN2022075882 W CN 2022075882W WO 2022171181 A1 WO2022171181 A1 WO 2022171181A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- joint
- inner rod
- connecting piece
- rod core
- core
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 206010036790 Productive cough Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 210000003802 sputum Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 208000024794 sputum Diseases 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical group O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001647 drug administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/04—Tracheal tubes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices.
- Endotracheal intubation is the insertion of an endotracheal tube into a patient's trachea, which is widely used in medical rescue and surgical anesthesia.
- Tracheal intubation involves the use of a tracheal tube for intubation and tube replacement. Since the traditional tracheal tube is relatively soft as an intubation tube, a guide core is usually required for intubation and tube replacement.
- the endotracheal intubation guide core is mainly used clinically to shape the endotracheal tube during the process of endotracheal intubation, so that the shape of the endotracheal tube can be inserted into the airway more smoothly.
- the tracheal intubation guide core currently used clinically is usually composed of a tube body and a metal wire made of medical polymer material, which is disposable, convenient to produce and inexpensive.
- the traditional tracheal intubation guide core is generally limited to shaping and has a relatively single function, which makes it difficult to meet some special operations and purposes in clinical applications.
- the length of the catheter guide core is often a constant value, and the length cannot be adjusted. When the length is not enough, it is difficult to meet the actual intubation needs. If the length is too long, the intubation operation is affected. , it will inevitably involve the conversion between various catheters, and the exchange guide cores currently used are almost all kinds of simple plastic rods, with a single model, poor versatility, and inconvenient operation during catheter conversion.
- the traditional tracheal intubation guide core is hard in texture, which may not only damage the airway mucosa, but also has poor flexibility and cannot be shaped, which affects the operation.
- Chinese patent zl201420398744.9 discloses a ventilated endotracheal intubation guiding device, which uses the guiding front end of a guiding rod body that can emit light to pre-guide, And ventilation can be performed at the same time as the intubation operation.
- Chinese patent zl201420569663.0 discloses a sprayable pre-guide rod for endotracheal intubation.
- the connecting tube at the end of the guide rod is connected with a medical syringe, so that the guide rod can administer medicine to a patient during intubation.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide an exchange guide kit for a tracheal tube and its application.
- the tracheal tube exchange guide kit provided by the present invention includes an inner rod core, an outer hose and a connecting assembly, the outer hose includes a fixed section and a movable section, and the connecting assembly includes a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and a joint, and is connected with the joint through the joint.
- the connection or separation of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece makes the movable section of the outer hose in different working states, and has the characteristics of strong versatility, good flexibility, flexible adjustment, convenient operation and easy access.
- an exchange guide kit for an endotracheal tube comprising an inner rod core, an outer hose and a connecting assembly
- the outer hose includes a fixed section fixedly mounted on the inner rod core and a movable section that is sleeved on the inner rod core and can move relative to the inner rod core
- the connecting assembly includes a first connecting piece installed on the fixed section, a second connecting piece installed on the movable section, and a second connecting piece sleeved on the inner rod core.
- a joint on the rod core for connecting the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece includes an upper joint and a lower joint, the upper joint is used for connecting or separating with the first connecting piece, and the lower joint Used to connect or separate from the second connecting piece; when the joint is separated from the first connecting piece and connected to the second connecting piece, the joint, the second connecting piece and the movable section of the outer hose can be integrated into the inner rod core It moves up and is limited by the limiting structure on the inner rod core, so that the movable section of the outer hose is pulled out relative to the inner rod core to maintain the connection with the inner rod core when extending, and the pulled out outer hose moves
- the segments can form flexible guide segments.
- the second connecting piece and the movable section of the outer hose can be pulled out relative to the inner rod core and then separated from the inner rod core.
- an opening is provided at the rear end of the outer flexible flexible section, and the outer flexible flexible section conducts ventilation and/or exerts an attractive force through the opening.
- the conversion joint also includes a conversion joint, one end of the conversion joint is connected with the second connecting piece, and the other end is connected with the interface of the external equipment; when the second connecting piece and the movable section of the outer hose are separated from the inner rod core, the The conversion adapter is connected to the aforementioned external equipment.
- the limiting structure is arranged at the rear end of the inner rod core and corresponding to the joint.
- the limiting structure passes through the limiting structure.
- the bit structure restricts movement of the joint to prevent separation of the active section of the outer hose from the inner rod core.
- the limiting structure is a protrusion arranged on the inner rod core, and the outer diameter of the protrusion is larger than the inner diameter of the lower joint of the joint and smaller than the inner diameter of the outer hose, when the lower joint is inside When the rod core moves to the protruding position, it is blocked by the protrusion to prevent the joint from separating from the inner rod core.
- first connector and the second connector are both threaded connectors; a first cavity is formed between the first connector and the inner rod core to accommodate the upper joint, and the inner wall of the first cavity is An inner thread is provided, the outer surface of the upper joint is provided with an outer thread matching the inner thread; a second cavity is formed between the second connecting piece and the inner rod core to accommodate the lower joint, the first The inner wall of the second cavity is provided with an inner thread, and the outer surface of the lower joint is provided with an outer thread matched with the inner thread.
- the joint further includes an intermediate portion connecting the upper joint and the lower joint, and the outer diameter of the intermediate portion, the outer diameter of the first connector and the outer diameter of the second connector are the same.
- one or more elastic bodies are arranged on the inner wall of the joint, the inner side of the elastic body is in contact with the outer surface of the inner rod core, and the outer side of the elastic body is in contact with the inner surface of the joint, and the joint can be limited by the elastic body anywhere in the core.
- the present invention also provides an endotracheal intubation assembly, comprising an endotracheal tube and an endotracheal tube guide core, wherein the endotracheal tube guide core is any one of the aforementioned exchange guide kits.
- the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, as an example: the tracheal tube exchange guide kit includes an inner rod core, an outer hose and a connecting assembly, and the outer hose includes a fixed section and a movable section, the connection assembly includes a first connector, a second connector and a joint, and the joint is connected to or separated from the first connector and the second connector so that the outer hose movable section is in different working states, the present invention It has the characteristics of strong versatility, good flexibility, flexible adjustment, convenient operation and easy access.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exchange guide kit for a tracheal tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention when each part is separated.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the joint provided by the embodiment of the present invention when the joint is separated from the first connector and connected with the second connector.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a limit structure and a joint matching limit provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a joint provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the joint is connected to the first connector and separated from the second connector.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second connecting piece and the movable section after being separated from the inner rod core according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an endotracheal intubation assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- exchange guide kit 100 inner rod core 110, limiting structure 111; outer hose 120, fixed section 121, movable section 122, opening 122a; connecting assembly 130, first connecting piece 131, first cavity Body 131a, female thread 131b, second connector 132, second cavity 132a, female thread 132b, joint 133, upper joint 1331, male thread 1331a, lower joint 1332, male thread 1332a; conversion joint 140; tracheal tube 200.
- FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of an exchange guide kit for a tracheal tube provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the exchange guide kit 100 includes an inner rod core 110 , an outer hose 120 and a connecting assembly 130 .
- the inner rod core 110 is preferably a medical metal strip, such as a stainless steel wire rod, which can provide a supporting force when the endotracheal tube is inserted.
- the outer hose 120 includes a fixed section 121 fixedly mounted on the inner rod core 110 and a movable section 122 sleeved on the inner rod core 110 and capable of moving relative to the inner rod core 110 .
- the outer hose 120 has a hollow and flexible tube structure, preferably a medical PVC tube, and both ends of the tube are closed.
- the outer diameter of the outer hose is less than 3mm, and the wall thickness is preferably between 0.3-0.5mm, preferably 0.4mm.
- the outer wall of the outer hose 120 may also be provided with a scale marking line, which is convenient for the operator to know the insertion depth during operation.
- the outer hose 120 is divided into a fixed section 121 and a movable section 122 .
- the fixed section 121 can be installed at one end of the inner rod core 110 by various fixed connection methods such as hot melt, adhesive, snap connection, screw connection, etc.
- the fixed connection method should not be used as a limitation of the present invention.
- the movable section 122 is sleeved on the inner rod core 110 . Since the inner diameter of the tube is larger than the outer diameter of the inner rod core 110 , the movable section can move on the inner rod core 110 .
- the inner rod core 110 is further provided with a limiting structure to limit the movement of the movable section 122, so that the movable section 122 can maintain connection with the inner rod core 110 when it is pulled out relative to the inner rod core 110 to extend.
- the outer hose movable section 122 is used as a packaging sleeve for the inner rod core 110 when it is not extended, and can be used as a flexible guide section when changing the tube after being pulled out and extended. During the tube changing operation, the outer hose movable section 122 Insert the end into the endotracheal tube to be replaced.
- the limit is achieved through the cooperation between the connecting component 130 and the limit structure 111 .
- the connecting assembly 130 may include a first connecting piece 131 installed on the fixed section 121, a second connecting piece 132 installed on the movable section 122, and sleeved on the inner rod core 110 for connecting the aforementioned The joint 133 of the first connector and the second connector.
- the first connecting piece 131 can be sleeved on the inner rod core and fixedly installed at the connection between the fixing section 121 and the inner rod core 110
- the second connecting piece 132 can be sleeved on the inner rod core 110 and can move on the inner rod core 110
- the joint 133 is also sleeved on the inner rod core 110 and arranged between the first connecting piece 131 and the second connecting piece 132
- the joint 133 can also be inside Rod core 110 moves up.
- the connector 133 may include an upper connector 1331 and a lower connector 1332 , and the upper connector 1331 is used for connecting with the first connector 131
- the lower joint 1332 is used for connection or separation with the second connecting piece 132 . That is to say, when the joint 133 is in use, it can be detachably connected to the fixed section through the first connecting piece, and can also be detachably connected to the movable section through the second connecting piece.
- the detachable connection mode may be one or more of various connection modes such as screw connection, snap connection, and adsorption connection.
- first connecting member 131 and the second connecting member 132 can both be screwed connecting members.
- a first cavity 131 a is formed between the first connector 131 and the inner rod core 110 to accommodate the upper joint 1331
- the inner wall of the first cavity 131 a is provided with internal threads 131b
- the outer surface of the upper joint 1331 is provided with an outer thread 1331a matching the inner thread 131b
- a tight threaded connection is achieved through the outer thread 1331a and the inner thread 131b.
- a second cavity 132a is formed between the second connecting piece 132 and the inner rod core 110 to accommodate the lower joint 1332, the inner wall of the second cavity 132a is provided with internal threads 132b, and the lower joint 1332
- the outer surface is provided with an outer thread 1332a matching the inner thread 132b, and a tight screw connection is achieved through the outer thread 1332a and the inner thread 132b.
- the joint 133 may further include a middle part connecting the upper joint 1331 and the lower joint 1332 , and the outer diameter of the middle part is the same as that of the first connecting piece 131 and the outer diameter of the second connecting piece 132 .
- the outer diameter is the same, so that the joint parts can form a smoother outer surface after connecting.
- the joint 133 when the joint 133 is separated from the first connecting piece 131 and connected with the second connecting piece 132 , as shown in FIG. 3 , the joint 133 , the second connecting piece 132 and the outer hose movable section 122 can be integrated together It moves on the inner rod core 110 and is limited by the limiting structure 111 on the inner rod core 110 , so that the movable section of the outer hose is pulled out relative to the inner rod core to maintain the connection with the inner rod core when extending.
- the limiting structure 111 is disposed at the rear end of the inner rod core 110 and is disposed corresponding to the joint 133 , and the joint 133 , the second connecting piece 132 and the outer hose movable section 122 are integrally relative to the inner rod core.
- the movement of the joint 133 is restricted by the limiting structure 111 to prevent the joint 133 , the second connecting piece 132 and the movable section 122 of the outer hose from being separated from the inner rod core. In this way, the reliability of the connection is improved, and the failure to extend the guide rod caused by the separation of the movable section of the outer hose from the inner rod core during operation is avoided.
- the limiting structure 111 is preferably a protrusion disposed on the inner rod core, and the outer diameter of the protrusion is larger than the inner diameter of the lower joint 1332 of the joint 133 and is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer hose, so that when the joint 133, the second connecting piece 132 and the movable section of the outer hose 122 move on the inner rod core 110 as a whole, the lower joint 1332 of the joint 133 reaches the convex position, because The outer diameter of the bulge is larger than the inner diameter of the lower joint 1332, and the bulge cannot pass through the lower joint 1332. Due to the blocking of the bulge by the lower joint, the joint is prevented from separating from the inner rod core, thereby avoiding the outer hose Separation of the active segment from the inner rod core.
- the protrusions are raised blocks, raised rings or raised segments.
- one or more elastic bodies may also be provided on the inner wall of the joint 133, the elastic bodies are arranged between the inner rod core and the joint, the inner side of the elastic body is in contact with the outer surface of the inner rod core 110, and the elastic body The outer side is in contact with the inner surface of the joint 133, and the joint can be limited on the inner rod core by the deformation performance of the elastic body.
- the limit of the elastic body is released, The joint is movable relative to the inner rod core.
- the operator can limit the joint to any position of the inner rod through the elastic body according to the actual length, so as to limit the movable section of the outer hose connected with the joint to any position of the inner rod.
- the elastomer is a silica gel block or a silica gel tube or a silica gel ring.
- the joint 133 can also be connected to the first connecting piece 131 and separated from the second connecting piece 132 .
- the second connecting piece The piece 132 and the outer flexible flexible section 122 can also be pulled out relative to the inner rod core and then separated from the inner rod core, as shown in FIG. 6 . That is, the joint 133 is separated from the second connecting piece 132 so that the joint 133 releases the blocking of the limiting structure (protrusion), and the inner diameter of the second connecting piece 132 should allow the limiting structure 111 on the inner rod core Through this, the inner rod core can be separated from the second connecting piece 132 and the outer flexible flexible section 122 .
- one or more openings may be provided at the rear end of the outer flexible flexible section 122 as ventilation holes and/or suction holes, so that the outer flexible flexible section can be ventilated and/or sucked through the openings. / or exert attraction.
- the movable section of the outer flexible tube can be used for ventilation and/or suction, such as connecting an oxygen producing device for ventilation and oxygen absorption, or connecting a suction and suction device.
- the sputum device removes respiratory secretions or foreign bodies, or connects to the drug delivery device for drug delivery, etc.
- corresponding to the second connector 132 may further include a conversion connector 140 , one end of the conversion connector 140 can be connected with the second connector 132 , and the other end of the conversion connector 140 It is connected to the interface of the external device.
- the aforementioned external equipment is connected through the conversion joint.
- Said external equipment by way of example but not limitation, such as oxygen generating equipment, sputum suction equipment, drug delivery equipment and so on.
- the above technical solution further realizes the disassembly and separation of the movable section of the outer hose and the inner rod core through the connecting assembly.
- the cleaning and replacement of the movable section and the inner core have the characteristics of strong versatility, good flexibility, flexible adjustment and convenient operation.
- FIG. 7 another embodiment of the present invention provides an endotracheal intubation assembly.
- the endotracheal tube assembly includes an endotracheal tube 200 and an endotracheal tube guide core, and the endotracheal tube guide core is the exchange guide set 100 in the previous embodiment.
- the exchange guide set in the original state is used as the intubation guide core, and the tracheal tube is shaped during the tracheal intubation, so that the shape of the tracheal tube can be inserted into the airway more smoothly.
- the connecting assembly first operate the connecting assembly to separate the joint from the first connecting piece, so as to separate the outer flexible flexible section from the outer flexible fixed section, and then align the outer flexible flexible section with respect to the inner rod core Pull out to extend.
- the joint, the second connecting piece and the movable section of the outer hose move together on the inner rod core as a whole, until the limit structure on the inner rod core limits the joint.
- the outer flexible flexible section of the hose forms a flexible guide section.
- the end of the active section of the outer hose into the tracheal tube to be replaced (that is, the tracheal tube that has entered the airway), and extend into the middle and lower sections of the trachea; then, exit the tracheal tube to be replaced, and keep the exchange guide kit; Finally, the new tracheal tube to be inserted is put into the exchange guide kit, and the airway is inserted under its support to complete the tracheal tube replacement.
- the connection between the joint and the second connecting piece can be released so that the second connecting piece and the movable section of the outer hose can be connected to the inner rod.
- the core is separated, and then, the interface of the second connector and the external device is connected through the conversion joint, and ventilation and oxygen absorption, sputum suction and/or drug administration are performed through the opening at the tail end of the movable section of the outer hose.
- the tracheal tube 200 is preferably made of soft resin and has a spiral steel wire in the wall, and the length of the exchange guide rod 100 is greater than the length of the tracheal tube 200 .
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Abstract
一种气管导管的交换引导套件（100）及应用，涉及医疗器械技术领域。一种气管导管的交换引导套件（100），包括内棒芯（110）、外软管（120）和连接组件（130）。外软管（120）包括固定段（121）和活动段（122）。连接组件（130）包括第一连接件（131）、第二连接件（132）和接头（133），通过接头（133）与第一连接件（131）、第二连接件（132）连接或分离。当接头（133）与第一连接件（131）分离且与第二连接件（132）连接时，接头（133）、第二连接件（132）和外软管的活动段（122）能够整体在内棒芯（110）上移动并通过内棒芯（110）上的限位结构（111）进行限位，使得外软管的活动段（122）相对于内棒芯（110）拉出以延长时保持与内棒芯（110）的连接，拉出后的外软管的活动段（122）能够形成柔性引导段。该交换引导套件（100）是基于已有的插管引导芯进行改进，具有通用性较强、柔韧性好、调节灵活、操作方便且易于获得的特点。
Description
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域。
气管插管术是将气管导管插入患者气管内，其广泛应用于医疗抢救与手术麻醉中。气管插管术中涉及使用气管导管进行插管、换管，由于传统的气管导管作为插管相对较软，插管、换管时通常需要使用引导芯。气管插管引导芯，在临床上主要应用在气管插管过程中对气管导管进行塑形，使气管导管的形状较顺利的插入气道。根据临床需要，目前临床上所使用的气管插管引导芯通常是由医用高分子材料制成的管体和金属丝组成，一次性使用，生产方便，价格低廉。
传统的气管插管引导芯一般仅限于塑形，功能较为单一，使得其在应用于临床上时难以满足一些的特殊的操作和目的，作为举例，比如在更换气管导管时，现有的气管插管引导芯长度往往为恒定值，长度不能调节，长度不够时难以满足实际插管需要，长度过长时影响插管操作；再比如，为了满足特殊的操作和目的，需要使用对应的特殊气管导管，不可避免地会涉及到各种导管之间的转换，而目前使用的交换引导芯几乎都是各类制作简单的塑料棒，型号单一，通用性差，导管转换时操作不方便。另一方面，传统的气管插管引导芯其质地偏硬，不仅可能损伤气道粘膜，而且柔韧性差、不能塑形而影响操作。
基于上述问题，现有技术也提供了各种具有特征功能的引导芯，比如中国专利zl201420398744.9公开了一种可通气气管插管引导装置，其利用能发光的引导杆体的引导前端预引导，且能够在插管操作的同时进行通气。再比如中国专利zl201420569663.0公开了一种可喷药型气管插管预引导杆，所述引导杆末端的连接管与医用注射器相连，使得引导杆可在插管期间给予患者药物。然而，上述现有技术中的引导杆在通用性、柔韧性和长度调节的灵活性上仍然难以满足临床上的各种特征要求。综上所述，如何基于现有气管插管设备提供通用性强、柔韧性好、调节灵活、操作方便的气管导管的引导装置，是当前亟需解决的技术问题。
本发明的目的在于：克服现有技术的不足，提供了一种气管导管的交换引导套件及应用。本发明提供的气管导管交换引导套件，包括内棒芯、外软管和连接组件，外软管包括固定段和活动段，连接组件包括第一连接件、第二连接件和接头，通过接头与第一连接件、第二连接件连接或分离使得所述外软管活动段处于不同的工作状态，具有通用性强、柔韧性好、调节灵活、操作方便且易于获得的特点。
为实现上述目标，本发明提供了如下技术方案：一种气管导管的交换引导套件，包括内棒芯、外软管和连接组件，所述外软管包括固定安装在内棒芯上的固定段和套设在内棒芯上能够相对于内棒芯移动的活动段；所述连接组件包括安装在固定段上的第一连接件、安装在活动段上的第二连接件和套设在内棒芯上用于连接前述第一连接件和第二连接件的接头，所述接头包括上部接头和下部接头，所述上部接头用于与所述第一连接件连接或分离，所述下部接头用于与所述第二连接件连接或分离；当接头与第一连接件分离且与第二连接件连接时，所述接头、第二连接件和外软管活动段能够整体在内棒芯上移动并通过内棒芯上的限位结构进行限位，使得外软管活动段相对于内棒芯拉出以延长时保持与内棒芯的连接，所述拉出后的外软管活动段能够形成柔性引导段。
进一步，当接头与第一连接件连接且与第二连接件分离时，所述第二连接件和外软管活动段能够相对于内棒芯拉出后与所述内棒芯分离。
进一步，在外软管活动段的尾端设置有开孔，外软管活动段通过所述开孔进行通气和/或施加吸引力。
进一步，还包括转化接头，所述转化接头的一端与第二连接件连接，另一端与外部设备的接口连接；当所述第二连接件和外软管活动段与内棒芯分离时，通过所述转化接头连接前述外部设备。
进一步，所述限位结构设置在内棒芯的尾端并对应着所述接头设置，在接头、第二连接件和外软管活动段整体相对于内棒芯拉出时，通过所述限位结构限制接头的移动从而防止外软管活动段与所述内棒芯分离。
进一步，所述限位结构为设置在内棒芯上的凸起，凸起的外径尺寸大于所述接头的下部接头的内径尺寸且小于所述外软管的内径尺寸，当下部接头在内棒芯上运动到凸起位置时被所述凸起阻挡以防止接头与所述内棒芯分离。
进一步，所述第一连接件和第二连接件均为螺纹连接件；所述第一连接件与内棒芯之间形成第一腔体以容纳所述上部接头，所述第一腔体内壁设置有内螺纹，所述上部接头外表面设置有与所述内螺纹匹配的外螺纹；所述第二连接件与内棒芯之间形成第二腔体以容纳所述下部接头，所述第二腔体内壁设置有内螺纹，所述下部接头外表面设置有与所述内螺纹匹配的外螺纹。
进一步，所述接头还包括连接所述上部接头和下部接头的中间部，所述中间部的外径尺寸、第一连接件的外径尺寸和第二连接件的外径尺寸相同。
进一步，所述接头内壁上设置有一个或多个弹性体，所述弹性体内侧与内棒芯外表面接触，所述弹性体外侧与接头内表面接触，通过所述弹性体能够将接头限位在内棒芯的任意位置。
本发明还提供了一种气管插管组件，包括气管导管和气管导管引导芯，所述气管导管引导芯为前述任一项所述的交换引导套件。
本发明由于采用以上技术方案，与现有技术相比，作为举例，具有以下的优点和积极效果：气管导管交换引导套件，包括内棒芯、外软管和连接组件，外软管包括固定段和活动段，连接组件包括第一连接件、第二连接件和接头，通过接头与第一连接件、第二连接件连接或分离使得所述外软管活动段处于不同的工作状态，本发明具有通用性强、柔韧性好、调节灵活、操作方便且易于获得的特点。
图1为本发明实施例提供的气管导管的交换引导套件的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例提供的连接组件各部分分离时的结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例提供的接头与第一连接件分离且与第二连接件连接时的结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例提供的限位结构与接头配合限位的结构示意图。
图5为本发明实施例提供的接头与第一连接件连接且与第二连接件分离时的结构示意图。
图6为本发明实施例提供的与内棒芯分离后的第二连接件和活动段的结构示意图。
图7为本发明实施例提供的气管插管组件的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：交换引导套件100；内棒芯110，限位结构111；外软管120，固定段121，活动段122，开孔122a；连接组件130，第一连接件131，第一腔体131a，内螺纹131b，第二连接件132，第二腔体132a，内螺纹132b，接头133，上部接头1331，外螺纹1331a，下部接头1332，外螺纹1332a；转化接头140；气管导管200。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明公开的气管导管的交换引导套件及应用作进一步详细说明。应当注意的是，下述实施例中描述的技术特征或者技术特征的组合不应当被认为是孤立的，它们可以被相互组合从而达到更好的技术效果。在下述实施例的附图中，各附图所出现的相同标号代表相同的特征或者部件，可应用于不同实施例中。因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
需说明的是，本说明书所附图中所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定发明可实施的限定条件，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应落在发明所揭示的技术内容所能涵盖的范围内。本发明的优选实施方式的范围包括另外的实现，其中可以不按所述的或讨论的顺序，包括根据所涉及的功能按基本同时的方式或按相反的顺序，来执行功能，这应被本发明的实施例所属技术领域的技术人员所理解。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。
参见图1所示，为本发明实施例提供的气管导管的交换引导套件的结构示意图。
所述交换引导套件100，包括内棒芯110、外软管120和连接组件130。
所述内棒芯110优选为医用金属条——比如不锈钢钢丝条，能够在气管导管插入时提供支撑力。
所述外软管120包括固定安装在内棒芯110上的固定段121和套设在内棒芯110上能够相对于内棒芯110移动的活动段122。
所述外软管120为中空且柔性管结构，优选的采用医用PVC管构成，管的两端封闭。所述外软管的外径小于3mm，壁厚优选为0.3-0.5mm之间，优选为0.4mm。根据需要，所述外软管120的外壁上还可以设置有刻度标识线，便于操作者操作时了解插入深度。
本实施例中，所述外软管120被分割为固定段121和活动段122。所述固定段121可以通过热熔、胶黏剂、卡扣连接、螺纹连接等各种固定连接方式安装在内棒芯110的一端，所述固定连接方式不应作为对本发明的限制。
所述活动段122套设在内棒芯110，由于管内径大于内棒芯110外径使得所述活动段可以在内棒芯110上移动。所述内棒芯110上还设置有限位结构以对活动段122的移动进行限位，从而使得活动段122相对于内棒芯110拉出以延长时能够保持与内棒芯110的连接。所述外软管活动段122在未延长时作为内棒芯110的封装套管，在拉出延长后可以作为换管时的柔性引导段，在换管操作时，将外软管活动段122所在端插入待更换的气管导管中。
本实施例中，优选的，通过连接组件130与限位结构111与的配合来实现限位。
具体实施时，所述连接组件130可以包括安装在固定段121上的第一连接件131、安装在活动段122上的第二连接件132，以及套设在内棒芯110上用于连接前述第一连接件和第二连接件的接头133。
作为典型方式的举例，所述第一连接件131可以套设在内棒芯上并固定安装在固定段121和内棒芯110的连接处，所述第二连接件132套设在内棒芯110上且能够在内棒芯110上移动，所述接头133也套设在内棒芯110上且设置在第一连接件131和第二连接件132之间，所述接头133也能够在内棒芯110上移动。
参见图2所示，对应所述第一连接件131和第二连接件132，所述接头133可以包括上部接头1331和下部接头1332，所述上部接头1331用于与所述第一连接件131连接或分离，所述下部接头1332用于与所述第二连接件132连接或分离。也就是说，所述接头133在使用时，可以通过第一连接件与固定段可拆卸连接，也可以通过第二连接件与活动段可拆卸连接。所述可拆卸连接方式，可以是螺纹连接、卡扣连接、吸附连接等各种连接方式中的一种或多种。
在优选的实施方式中，所述第一连接件131和第二连接件132可以均采用螺纹连接件。具体的，继续参见图2所示，所述第一连接件131与内棒芯110之间形成第一腔体131a以容纳所述上部接头1331，所述第一腔体131a内壁设置有内螺纹131b，所述上部接头1331外表面设置有与所述内螺纹131b匹配的外螺纹1331a，通过外螺纹1331a与内螺纹131b实现紧密的螺纹连接。
类似的，所述第二连接件132与内棒芯110之间形成第二腔体132a以容纳所述下部接头1332，所述第二腔体132a内壁设置有内螺纹132b，所述下部接头1332外表面设置有与所述内螺纹132b匹配的外螺纹1332a, 通过外螺纹1332a与内螺纹132b实现紧密的螺纹连接。
可选的，所述接头133还可以包括连接所述上部接头1331和下部接头1332的中间部，所述中间部的外径尺寸与第一连接件131的外径尺寸和第二连接件132的外径尺寸均相同，使得接头各部分连接后能够形成更平整顺滑的外表面。
本实施例中，当接头133与第一连接件131分离且与第二连接件132连接时，参见图3所示，所述接头133、第二连接件132和外软管活动段122能够整体在内棒芯110上移动并通过内棒芯110上的限位结构111进行限位，使得外软管活动段相对于内棒芯拉出以延长时保持与内棒芯的连接。
可选的，所述限位结构111设置在内棒芯110的尾端并对应着所述接头133设置，在接头133、第二连接件132和外软管活动段122整体相对于内棒芯110拉出时，通过所述限位结构111限制接头133的移动从而防止接头133、第二连接件132和外软管活动段122与所述内棒芯分离。如此，提高了连接的可靠性，避免在操作时出现外软管活动段与内棒芯分离，而导致的引导杆延长失败的状况发生。
本实施例中，参见图4所示，所述限位结构111优选为设置在内棒芯上的凸起，所述凸起的外径尺寸大于所述接头133的下部接头1332的内径尺寸且小于所述外软管的内径尺寸，如此，在接头133、第二连接件132和外软管活动122段整体在内棒芯110上运动时，接头133的下部接头1332到达凸起位置，由于凸起的外径尺寸大于下部接头1332的内径尺寸，凸起无法通过下部接头1332，由于下部接头对所述凸起的阻挡，防止了接头与所述内棒芯分离，从而避免了外软管活动段与内棒芯的分离。
可选的，所述凸起采用凸起块、凸起环或凸起段。
可选的，在接头133的内壁上还可以设置有一个或多个弹性体，所述弹性体设置在内棒芯和接头之间，弹性体内侧与内棒芯110的外表面接触，弹性体外侧与接头133的内表面接触，利用弹性体的形变性能可以将接头限位在内棒芯上，当受到的外界拉力大于弹性体施加的摩擦力时，所述弹性体的限位被解除，接头可以相对于内棒芯移动。移动时，操作者可以根据实际长度需要，通过所述弹性体将接头限位在内棒芯的任意位置，从而将与接头连接的外软管活动段限位在内棒芯的任意位置。所述弹性体为硅胶块或硅胶管或硅胶环。
本实施例中，参见图5所示，接头133还可以与第一连接件131连接并与第二连接件132分离，此时，由于接头133与第二连接件132分离，所述第二连接件132和外软管活动段122也能够相对于内棒芯拉出后与所述内棒芯分离，结合图6所示。也就是说，接头133与第二连接件132分离使得接头133解除了对限位结构（凸起）的阻挡，而第二连接件132的内径应允许所述内棒芯上的限位结构111通过，从而使得内棒芯能够与第二连接件132和外软管活动段122分离。
本实施例中，在外软管活动段122的尾端还可以设置有一个或多个开孔作为通气孔和/或吸引孔，使得所述外软管活动段能够通过所述开孔进行通气和/或施加吸引力。
如此，在第二连接件和外软管活动段与所述内棒芯分离时，可以将外软管活动段用于通气和/或吸引，比如连接制氧设备进行通气吸氧，或者连接吸痰设备清除呼吸道分泌物或异物，或者连接给药设备进行给药等。
可选的，继续参见图6所示，对应所述第二连接件132还包括可以设置有转化接头140，所述转化接头140的一端可以与第二连接件132连接，转化接头140的另一端则与外部设备的接口连接。当所述第二连接件和外软管活动段与内棒芯分离时，通过所述转化接头连接前述外部设备。所述的外部设备，作为举例而非限制，比如制氧设备、吸痰设备、给药设备等。
上述技术方案通过连接组件进一步实现了外软管活动段与内棒芯的拆卸分离，一方面提高了外软管活动段的通用性和适用范围，另一方面也便于用户根据需要进行外软管活动段和内棒芯的清理、更换等操作，具有通用性强、柔韧性好、调节灵活、操作方便的特点。
参见图7所示，为本发明的另一实施例，提供了一种气管插管组件。
所述气管插管组件包括气管导管200和气管导管引导芯，所述气管导管引导芯为前任实施例中的交换引导套件100。
气管插管组件初次插管时，通过原始状态下的交换引导套件作为插管引导芯，在气管插管过程中对气管导管进行塑形，使气管导管的形状较顺利的插入气道。
而后，在需要更换气管导管时，首先操作连接组件使接头与第一连接件分离，从而使外软管活动段与外软管固定段分离，然后，将外软管活动段相对于内棒芯拉出以延长，此过程中接头、第二连接件和外软管活动段作为整体一起在内棒芯上移动，直至内棒芯上的限位结构对接头进行限位，所述拉出后的外软管活动段形成柔性引导段。
随后，将外软管活动段所在端插入待更换的气管导管（即已进入气道的气管导管）中，伸入气管中下段；然后，退出前述待更换的气管导管，将交换引导套件保留；最后，将拟置入的新气管导管套入交换引导套件，在其支撑下插入气道，完成气管导管更换。在更换过程中，根据患者需要，当患者需要通气吸氧或者吸痰或者给药时，可以解除接头与第二连接件的连接使得所述第二连接件和外软管活动段能够与内棒芯分离，然后，通过转化接头连接第二连接件与外部设备的接口，通过外软管活动段尾端的开孔进行通气吸氧、吸痰和/或给药。
本实施例中，所述气管导管200优选为软质树脂且壁内具有螺旋钢丝，所述交换引导棒100的长度大于所述气管导管200的长度。
其它技术特征参考在前实施例，在此不再赘述。
在本公开内容的目标保护范围内，各组件可以以任意数目选择性地且操作性地进行合并。另外，像“包括”、“囊括”以及“具有”的术语应当默认被解释为包括性的或开放性的，而不是排他性的或封闭性，除非其被明确限定为相反的含义。所有技术、科技或其他方面的术语都符合本领域技术人员所理解的含义，除非其被限定为相反的含义。在词典里找到的公共术语应当在相关技术文档的背景下不被太理想化或太不实际地解释，除非本公开内容明确将其限定成那样。本发明领域的普通技术人员根据上述揭示内容做的任何变更、修饰，均属于权利要求书的保护范围。
Claims (10)
- 一种气管导管的交换引导套件，其特征在于：包括内棒芯、外软管和连接组件，所述外软管包括固定安装在内棒芯上的固定段和套设在内棒芯上能够相对于内棒芯移动的活动段；所述连接组件包括安装在固定段上的第一连接件、安装在活动段上的第二连接件和套设在内棒芯上用于连接前述第一连接件和第二连接件的接头，所述接头包括上部接头和下部接头，所述上部接头用于与所述第一连接件连接或分离，所述下部接头用于与所述第二连接件连接或分离；当接头与第一连接件分离且与第二连接件连接时，所述接头、第二连接件和外软管活动段能够整体在内棒芯上移动并通过内棒芯上的限位结构进行限位，使得外软管活动段相对于内棒芯拉出以延长时保持与内棒芯的连接，所述拉出后的外软管活动段能够形成柔性引导段。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：当接头与第一连接件连接且与第二连接件分离时，所述第二连接件和外软管活动段能够相对于内棒芯拉出后与所述内棒芯分离。
- 根据权利要求 1 或 2 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：在外软管活动段的尾端设置有开孔，外软管活动段通过所述开孔进行通气和 / 或施加吸引力。
- 根据权利要求 3 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：还包括转化接头，所述转化接头的一端与第二连接件连接，另一端与外部设备的接口连接；当所述第二连接件和外软管活动段与内棒芯分离时，通过所述转化接头连接前述外部设备。
- 根据权利要求 1 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：所述限位结构设置在内棒芯的尾端并对应着所述接头设置，在接头、第二连接件和外软管活动段整体相对于内棒芯拉出时，通过所述限位结构限制接头的移动从而防止外软管活动段与所述内棒芯分离。
- 根据权利要求 5 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：所述限位结构为设置在内棒芯上的凸起，凸起的外径尺寸大于所述接头的下部接头的内径尺寸且小于所述外软管的内径尺寸，当下部接头在内棒芯上运动到凸起位置时被所述凸起阻挡以防止接头与所述内棒芯分离。
- 根据权利要求 1 或 2 或 4 或 5 或 6 中任一项所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：所述第一连接件和第二连接件均为螺纹连接件；所述第一连接件与内棒芯之间形成第一腔体以容纳所述上部接头，所述第一腔体内壁设置有外螺纹，所述上部接头外表面设置有与所述外螺纹匹配的内螺纹；所述第二连接件与内棒芯之间形成第二腔体以容纳所述下部接头，所述第二腔体内壁设置有外螺纹，所述下部接头外表面设置有与所述外螺纹匹配的内螺纹。
- 根据权利要求 7 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：所述接头还包括连接所述上部接头和下部接头的中间部，所述中间部的外径尺寸、第一连接件的外径尺寸和第二连接件的外径尺寸相同。
- 根据权利要求 7 所述的交换引导套件，其特征在于：所述接头内壁上设置有一个或多个弹性体，所述弹性体内侧与内棒芯外表面接触，所述弹性体外侧与接头内表面接触，通过所述弹性体能够将接头限位在内棒芯的任意位置。
- 一种气管插管组件，包括气管导管和气管导管引导芯，其特征在于：所述气管导管引导芯为权利要求 1-9 中任一项所述的交换引导套件。
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