WO2022168989A1 - フォトクロミック化合物、フォトクロミック組成物、フォトクロミック物品及び眼鏡 - Google Patents
フォトクロミック化合物、フォトクロミック組成物、フォトクロミック物品及び眼鏡 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022168989A1 WO2022168989A1 PCT/JP2022/004931 JP2022004931W WO2022168989A1 WO 2022168989 A1 WO2022168989 A1 WO 2022168989A1 JP 2022004931 W JP2022004931 W JP 2022004931W WO 2022168989 A1 WO2022168989 A1 WO 2022168989A1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
- C07D311/92—Naphthopyrans; Hydrogenated naphthopyrans
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
- C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/02—Coumarine dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B69/00—Dyes not provided for by a single group of this subclass
- C09B69/008—Dyes containing a substituent, which contains a silicium atom
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/72—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705
- G03C1/73—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705 containing organic compounds
- G03C1/733—Photosensitive compositions not covered by the groups G03C1/005 - G03C1/705 containing organic compounds with macromolecular compounds as photosensitive substances, e.g. photochromic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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- G02B5/22—Absorbing filters
- G02B5/23—Photochromic filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates to photochromic compounds, photochromic compositions, photochromic articles and spectacles.
- a photochromic compound is a compound that has a property (photochromic performance) of coloring under irradiation with light in a wavelength range having photoresponsiveness and fading under non-irradiation.
- Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose naphthopyran-based compounds having photochromic properties.
- photochromic performance can be imparted to optical articles such as spectacle lenses by a method of incorporating a photochromic compound into a base material, a method of forming a layer containing a photochromic compound, or the like.
- a photochromic compound undergoes structural transformation into a colored body through an excited state upon irradiation with light such as sunlight.
- the structure after structural conversion via light irradiation can be called a "color body”.
- the structure before light irradiation can be called a "colorless body”.
- the term "colorless” is not limited to being completely colorless, but includes the case where the color is lighter than that of the colored body.
- a photochromic compound in which absorption of short-wavelength visible light around 380 nm is suppressed in a colorless state is preferable for providing an optical article with little coloration (for example, yellowishness) in a use environment such as a room.
- An object of one aspect of the present invention is to provide a photochromic compound in which absorption of short-wavelength visible light is suppressed in a colorless state.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1 below.
- R 100 to R 111 , X 1 and X 2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two or more substituents may combine to form a ring structure.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2 below.
- R 200 to R 211 , X 3 and X 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two or more substituents may combine to form a ring structure.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3 below.
- R 300 to R 311 , X 5 and X 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and two or more substituents may combine to form a ring structure.
- the structures of general formulas 1 to 3 are all colorless structures.
- one aspect of the present invention is one or more photochromic compounds selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3. It relates to photochromic compositions containing compounds.
- one aspect of the present invention is one or more photochromic compounds selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3. Photochromic articles containing compounds.
- the photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, the photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and the photochromic compound represented by general formula 3 are all pyran-based compounds having a triphenylene skeleton as a mother skeleton. As a result of intensive studies by the present inventors, it was newly found that these photochromic compounds absorb little short-wavelength visible light in a colorless state.
- FIG. 1 shows an NMR chart of synthesized exemplary compound 1.
- FIG. 1 shows absorption spectra of exemplary compound 1 and comparative compound 1 before and after ultraviolet irradiation.
- photochromic article refers to an article containing a photochromic compound.
- the photochromic article according to one aspect of the present invention is one or more selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3. of photochromic compounds.
- the photochromic compound can be included in the substrate of the photochromic article and/or can be included in the photochromic layer in a photochromic article having a substrate and a photochromic layer.
- a "photochromic layer” is a layer containing a photochromic compound.
- photochromic composition refers to a composition containing a photochromic compound.
- the photochromic composition according to one aspect of the present invention is one selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3.
- the above photochromic compound can be included and used for manufacturing a photochromic article according to one aspect of the present invention.
- R 100 to R 111 , R 200 to R 211 , R 300 to R 311 and X 1 to X 6 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent. In each general formula, two or more substituents may combine to form a ring structure.
- substituents that is, any of R 100 to R 111 , R 200 to R 211 , R 300 to R 311 and X 1 to X 6 in general formulas 1 to 3
- the substituents to be obtained, and further, the substituents when each group described later has a substituent are each independently Linear or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 18 carbon atoms such as hydroxy group, methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group; cyclic or bicyclic cyclic aliphatic alkyl groups, linear or branched alkoxy groups having 1 to 24 atoms such as methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy, non-aromatic groups having 1 to 24 atoms a cyclic substituent, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms such as a trifluoromethyl group, a linear or branched perfluor
- aryl group aryloxy group such as phenyloxy group, arylsulfide group such as phenylsulfide group, pyridyl group, furanyl group, thienyl group, pyrrolyl group, benzofuranyl group, benzothiophenyl group, indolyl group, dibenzofuranyl group, Dibenzothiophenyl group, carbazolyl group, diazolyl group, triazolyl group, quinolinyl group, phenothiazinyl group, phenoxazinyl group, phenazinyl group, thianthryl group, heteroaryl group such as acridinyl group, amino group (-NH 2 ), monomethylamino group, etc.
- R m selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms; or a substituent in which R m is further substituted with one or more identical or different R m ; can be
- R m is further substituted with one or more identical or different R m is a terminal carbon atom of the alkoxy group further substituted with an alkoxy group, and a terminal carbon atom of the alkoxy group is further substituted with A structure in which an alkoxy group is substituted can be mentioned.
- R m is further substituted with one or more of the same or different R m is the same or different Structures in which R m is substituted can be mentioned.
- carbon number and “constituent atom number” refer to the numbers including the carbon number or the atomic number of the substituent with respect to a group having a substituent.
- substituents when each group described later has a substituent can each independently be a solubilizing group.
- solubilizing group refers to a substituent that can contribute to enhancing compatibility with any liquid or a specific liquid. Examples of solubilizing groups include alkyl groups containing linear, branched or cyclic structures having 4 to 50 carbon atoms, linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy groups having 4 to 50 atoms, and straight chains having 4 to 50 atoms.
- a branched or cyclic silyl group a silicon atom, a sulfur atom, a nitrogen atom, a phosphorus atom, or the like in part of the above groups, or a combination of two or more of the above groups.
- Substituents that can contribute to promoting thermal motion of the molecules of the compound are preferred.
- a compound having a solubilizing group as a substituent prevents the solute from solidifying by inhibiting the distance between the solute molecules from approaching each other. state can be created.
- a solubilizing group can liquefy a solute or increase the solubility of a compound bearing this substituent in a liquid.
- the solubilizing group includes linear alkyl groups such as n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, and n-octyl, branched alkyl groups such as tert-butyl, and cyclic alkyl groups. Certain cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups are preferred.
- substituents are preferably methoxy, ethoxy, phenoxy, methylsulfide, ethylsulfide, phenylsulfide, trifluoromethyl, phenyl, naphthyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothiophenyl,
- R 100 to R 111 in general formula 1 R 200 to R 211 in general formula 2
- R 300 to R 311 in general formula 3 include the exemplary compounds shown below. Included substituents may also be mentioned.
- X 1 and X 2 in general formula 1, X 3 and X 4 in general formula 2, and X 5 and X 6 in general formula 3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent, and represent a substituent; is preferred.
- substituents include a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted naphthyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzofluorenyl group, and a substituted or unsubstituted fluoranthenyl group.
- B7 and B8 each independently represent an unsubstituted phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group.
- Substituted phenyl groups include, for example, methoxy group, methylsulfide group, amino group, dimethylamino group, piperidino group, morpholino group, thiomorpholino group, phenyl group, fluorine atom, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom and trifluoromethyl group.
- the substituted phenyl group preferably has one or two substituents, more preferably one.
- the substitution position of the substituent in the substituted phenyl group is relative to the carbon atom to which X1 and X2 in general formula 1 are bonded, and to the carbon atom to which X3 and X4 in general formula 2 are bonded. , can be a position that is ortho, meta or para with respect to the carbon atom to which X 5 and X 6 in general formula 3 are bonded, preferably para and/or meta. , more preferably in the para position.
- the photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, the photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and the photochromic compound represented by general formula 3 can all be used for producing photochromic articles. Specific examples of these compounds include the following compounds. However, the present invention is not limited to the following exemplary compounds.
- the photochromic compound represented by general formula 1 can be synthesized by a known method.
- the following documents can be referred to, for example. ⁇ 4884578 ⁇ US2006/0226402A1 ⁇ US2006/0228557A1 ⁇ US2008/0103301A1 ⁇ US2011/0108781A1 ⁇ US2011/0108781A1 ⁇ 7527754 ⁇ 7556751 ⁇ WO2001/60811A1 ⁇ WO2013/086248A1 , WO1996/014596A1, WO2001/019813A1, WO1995/16215A1, US Pat. No. 5,656,206 and WO2011/016582A1.
- Photochromic composition, photochromic article One aspect of the present invention is one or more photochromic compounds selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3.
- Photochromic compositions comprising: Further, one aspect of the present invention is one or more photochromic compounds selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3. Photochromic articles containing compounds.
- the photochromic composition and the photochromic article contain a photochromic compound selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3. Only one species can be included, or two or more species (eg, two to four species) can be included.
- the photochromic article and the photochromic composition consist of a photochromic compound represented by the general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by the general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by the general formula 3, with the total amount thereof being 100% by mass.
- a photochromic compound selected from the group in the case where multiple types are included, the total thereof
- the photochromic article can have at least a base material.
- the photochromic compound can be included in the substrate of the photochromic article.
- the photochromic article can have a substrate and a photochromic layer, and the substrate and/or the photochromic layer can contain one or more photochromic compounds represented by the general formula (1).
- the photochromic compound can be contained only in the substrate in one embodiment, in the photochromic layer in another embodiment, or in the substrate and the photochromic layer in another embodiment. can be included in layers.
- the substrate and the photochromic layer can contain only the photochromic compound as the photochromic compound, or can contain one or more other photochromic compounds.
- photochromic compounds include azobenzenes, spiropyrans, spirooxazines, naphthopyrans, indenonaphthopyrans, phenanthropyrans, hexaarylbisimidazoles, donor-acceptor Stenhaus adducts (DASA). , salicylideneanilines, dihydropyrenes, anthracene dimers, fulgides, diarylethenes, phenoxynaphthacenequinones, stilbenes and the like.
- DASA donor-acceptor Stenhaus adducts
- the photochromic article can contain a substrate selected according to the type of photochromic article.
- substrates include spectacle lens substrates such as plastic lens substrates and glass lens substrates.
- the glass lens substrate can be, for example, a lens substrate made of inorganic glass.
- Plastic lens substrates include styrene resins including (meth)acrylic resins, polycarbonate resins, allyl resins, allyl carbonate resins such as diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate resin (CR-39), vinyl resins, polyester resins, and polyether resins.
- a urethane resin obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a hydroxy compound such as diethylene glycol a thiourethane resin obtained by reacting an isocyanate compound with a polythiol compound, and a (thio)epoxy compound having one or more disulfide bonds in the molecule.
- a cured product (generally called a transparent resin) obtained by curing the curable composition contained therein can be mentioned.
- the lens substrate an undyed one (colorless lens) may be used, or a dyed one (dyed lens) may be used.
- the refractive index of the lens substrate can be, for example, about 1.50 to 1.75.
- the refractive index of the lens substrate is not limited to the above range, and may be within the above range or vertically separated from the above range.
- the refractive index refers to the refractive index for light with a wavelength of 500 nm.
- the lens substrate may be a lens having refractive power (so-called prescription lens) or a lens without refractive power (so-called non-prescription lens).
- the photochromic composition can be a polymerizable composition.
- a "polymerizable composition” is a composition containing one or more polymerizable compounds. At least one photochromic compound selected from the group consisting of the photochromic compound represented by the general formula 1, the photochromic compound represented by the general formula 2, and the photochromic compound represented by the general formula 3, and one polymerizable compound.
- a cured product of the polymerizable composition can be produced by molding the polymerizable composition containing at least the above by a known molding method. Such a cured product can be included as a substrate in the photochromic article and/or can be included as a photochromic layer.
- the curing treatment can be light irradiation and/or heat treatment.
- a polymerizable compound is a compound having a polymerizable group, and the polymerizable composition can be cured to form a cured product as the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable compound proceeds.
- the polymerizable composition can further include one or more additives (eg, polymerization initiators, etc.).
- Spectacle lenses can be various lenses such as monofocal lenses, multifocal lenses, and progressive addition lenses.
- the type of lens is determined by the surface shape of both surfaces of the lens substrate.
- the surface of the lens substrate may be convex, concave, or flat.
- the object-side surface is convex and the eyeball-side surface is concave.
- the photochromic layer can usually be provided on the object-side surface of the lens substrate, but may be provided on the eyeball-side surface.
- the photochromic layer can be a layer provided directly on the surface of the substrate or indirectly via one or more other layers.
- the photochromic layer can be, for example, a cured layer obtained by curing a polymerizable composition.
- a photochromic layer can be formed as a cured layer obtained by curing a polymerizable composition containing at least the above.
- a photochromic layer as a cured layer containing one or more photochromic compounds selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by Formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by General Formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by General Formula 3. can be formed.
- a known coating method such as a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a spray coating method, an inkjet method, a nozzle coating method, a slit coating method, or the like can be employed.
- the curing treatment can be light irradiation and/or heat treatment.
- the polymerizable composition can further comprise one or more additives (eg, polymerization initiators, etc.) in addition to one or more polymerizable compounds. As the polymerization reaction of the polymerizable compound proceeds, the polymerizable composition may be cured to form a cured layer.
- additives eg, polymerization initiators, etc.
- the thickness of the photochromic layer can be, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more, 10 ⁇ m or more, or 20 ⁇ m or more, and can be, for example, 80 ⁇ m or less, 70 ⁇ m or less, or 50 ⁇ m or less.
- a polymerizable compound refers to a compound having one or more polymerizable groups in one molecule
- the term "polymerizable group” refers to a reactive group capable of undergoing a polymerization reaction. do.
- Examples of polymerizable groups include acryloyl groups, methacryloyl groups, vinyl groups, vinyl ether groups, epoxy groups, thiol groups, oxetane groups, hydroxy groups, carboxy groups, amino groups, isocyanate groups, and the like.
- Examples of polymerizable compounds that can be used for forming the substrate and the photochromic layer include the following compounds.
- An episulfide compound is a compound having two or more episulfide groups in one molecule.
- An episulfide group is a polymerizable group capable of ring-opening polymerization.
- Specific examples of episulfide compounds include bis(1,2-epithioethyl) sulfide, bis(1,2-epithioethyl) disulfide, bis(2,3-epithiopropyl) sulfide, bis(2,3-epithiopropyl) thio)methane, bis(2,3-epithiopropyl)disulfide, bis(2,3-epithiopropyldithio)methane, bis(2,3-epithiopropyldithio)ethane, bis(6,7-epithio- 3,4-dithiaheptyl) sulfide, bis(6,7-epithioo
- a thietanyl-based compound is a thietane compound having two or more thietanyl groups in one molecule.
- a thietanyl group is a polymerizable group capable of ring-opening polymerization.
- Some thietanyl-based compounds have an episulfide group along with multiple thietanyl groups. Such compounds are listed as examples of episulfide compounds above.
- Other thietanyl-based compounds include metal-containing thietane compounds having metal atoms in the molecule and non-metallic thietane compounds containing no metal.
- nonmetallic thietane compounds include bis(3-thietanyl) disulfide, bis(3-thietanyl) sulfide, bis(3-thietanyl) trisulfide, bis(3-thietanyl) tetrasulfide, 1,4-bis (3-thietanyl)-1,3,4-trithibutane, 1,5-bis(3-thietanyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrathiapentane, 1,6-bis(3-thietanyl)-1, 3,4,6-tetrathiahexane, 1,6-bis(3-thietanyl)-1,3,5,6-tetrathiahexane, 1,7-bis(3-thietanyl)-1,2,4, 5,7-pentathiaheptane, 1,7-bis(3-thietanylthio)-1,2,4,6,7-pentathiaheptane, 1,1-bis((3
- metal-containing thietane compounds metal atoms such as Sn atoms, Si atoms, Ge atoms and Pb atoms, Group 14 atoms such as Sn atoms, Si atoms, Ge atoms and Pb atoms; Group 4 elements such as Zr atoms and Ti atoms; group atoms, group 12 atoms such as Zn atoms, and the like.
- alkylthio(thietanylthio)tin bis(alkylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin
- alkylthio(alkylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin bis(thietanylthio)cyclic dithiotin compounds
- alkyl(thietanylthio)tin compounds include alkylthio(thietanylthio)tin, bis(alkylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, alkylthio(alkylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, bis(thietanylthio)cyclic dithiotin compounds, and alkyl(thietanylthio)tin compounds.
- alkylthio(thietanylthio)tin examples include methylthiotris(thietanylthio)tin, ethylthiotris(thietanylthio)tin, propylthiotris(thietanylthio)tin, and isopropylthiotris(thietanylthio)tin.
- bis(alkylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin include bis(methylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, bis(ethylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, bis(propylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, and bis(isopropylthio)tin. Examples include bis(thietanylthio)tin.
- alkylthio(alkylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin examples include ethylthio(methylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, methylthio(propylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, isopropylthio(methylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, and ethylthio(propylthio)tin.
- Examples include bis(thietanylthio)tin, ethylthio(isopropylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin, isopropylthio(propylthio)bis(thietanylthio)tin and the like.
- bis(thietanylthio)cyclic dithiotin compounds include bis(thietanylthio)dithiastanetan, bis(thietanylthio)dithiastanenolan, bis(thietanylthio)dithiastanninan, bis(thietanylthio)trithiastanocane, and the like. can be exemplified.
- alkyl(thietanylthio)tin compounds include methyltris(thietanylthio)tin, dimethylbis(thietanylthio)tin, butyltris(thietanylthio)tin, tetrakis(thietanylthio)tin, tetrakis(thietanylthio)germanium, and tris(thietanylthio)bismuth.
- I can give an example.
- a polyamine compound is a compound having two or more NH2 groups in one molecule, and can form a urea bond by reacting with a polyisocyanate, and can form a thiourea bond by reacting with a polyisothiocyanate. .
- polyamine compounds include ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, isophoronediamine, nonamethylenediamine, undecamethylenediamine, dodecamethylenediamine, metaxylenediamine, 1,3-propanediamine, putrescine, 2-(2-aminoethyl amino) ethanol, diethylenetriamine, p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, melamine, 1,3,5-benzenetriamine and the like.
- Epoxy compound An epoxy-based compound is a compound having an epoxy group in its molecule.
- An epoxy group is a polymerizable group capable of ring-opening polymerization.
- Epoxy compounds are generally classified into aliphatic epoxy compounds, alicyclic epoxy compounds and aromatic epoxy compounds.
- aliphatic epoxy compounds include ethylene oxide, 2-ethyloxirane, butyl glycidyl ether, phenyl glycidyl ether, 2,2′-methylenebisoxirane, 1,6-hexanediol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, triethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tetraethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, nonaethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, dipropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tripropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, tetrapropylene glycol diglycidyl ether Glycidyl ether, nonapropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether
- alicyclic epoxy compounds include isophoronediol diglycidyl ether, bis-2,2-hydroxycyclohexylpropane diglycidyl ether, and the like.
- aromatic epoxy compounds include resol syndiglycidyl ether, bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, bisphenol S diglycidyl ether, orthophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, phenol novolak polyglycidyl ether, cresol novolac poly glycidyl ether and the like.
- an epoxy-based compound having a sulfur atom in the molecule can also be used along with the epoxy group.
- Such sulfur-containing epoxy compounds include linear aliphatic compounds and cycloaliphatic compounds.
- chain aliphatic sulfur-containing atom epoxy compounds include bis(2,3-epoxypropyl) sulfide, bis(2,3-epoxypropyl) disulfide, and bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)methane.
- 1,2-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)ethane 1,2-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)propane, 1,3-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)propane, 1 ,3-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)-2-methylpropane, 1,4-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)butane, 1,4-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)- 2-methylbutane, 1,3-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)butane, 1,5-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)pentane, 1,5-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio) -2-methylpentane, 1,5-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)-3-thiapentane, 1,6-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)hexane, 1,6-bis(2,3-e
- cycloaliphatic sulfur-containing atom epoxy compounds include 1,3-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthio)cyclohexane, 1, 3-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthiomethyl)cyclohexane, 1,4-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthiomethyl)cyclohexane, 2,5-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthiomethyl)-1, 4-dithiane, 2,5-bis[ ⁇ 2-(2,3-epoxypropylthio)ethyl>thiomethyl]-1,4-dithiane, 2,5-bis(2,3-epoxypropylthiomethyl)-2 ,5-dimethyl-1,4-dithiane and the like.
- a compound having a radically polymerizable group is a radically polymerizable group.
- examples of radically polymerizable groups include acryloyl groups, methacryloyl groups, allyl groups, and vinyl groups.
- a compound having a polymerizable group selected from the group consisting of an acryloyl group and a methacryloyl group is hereinafter referred to as a "(meth)acrylate compound".
- (meth)acrylate compounds include ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, tetraethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene.
- allyl compounds include allyl glycidyl ether, diallyl phthalate, diallyl terephthalate, diallyl isophthalate, diallyl carbonate, diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate, methoxypolyethylene glycol allyl ether, and polyethylene glycol allyl ether.
- methoxypolyethyleneglycol-polypropyleneglycol allyl ether methoxypolyethyleneglycol-polypropyleneglycol allyl ether, butoxypolyethyleneglycol-polypropyleneglycol allyl ether, methacryloyloxypolyethyleneglycol-polypropyleneglycol allyl ether, phenoxypolyethyleneglycol allyl ether, methacryloyloxypolyethyleneglycol allyl ether and the like.
- Vinyl compounds include ⁇ -methylstyrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer, styrene, chlorostyrene, methylstyrene, bromostyrene, dibromostyrene, divinylbenzene, 3,9-divinylspirobi (m-dioxane). etc.
- the photochromic article includes a protective layer for improving the durability of the photochromic article, an antireflection layer, a water-repellent or hydrophilic antifouling layer, an antifogging layer, and a primer layer for improving adhesion between layers.
- a protective layer for improving the durability of the photochromic article, an antireflection layer, a water-repellent or hydrophilic antifouling layer, an antifogging layer, and a primer layer for improving adhesion between layers.
- One or more of the layers known as functional layers can be included at any location.
- the photochromic article can be an optical article.
- One form of optical article is a spectacle lens.
- Such spectacle lenses can also be called photochromic lenses or photochromic spectacle lenses.
- Examples of optical articles include goggle lenses, sun visor visor portions, helmet shield members, and the like.
- Optical articles having an antiglare function by coating the photochromic composition, which is a polymerizable composition, on a substrate for these optical articles, and subjecting the coated composition to a curing treatment to form a photochromic layer. can be obtained.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to spectacles having a spectacle lens that is one form of the photochromic article.
- the details of the spectacle lenses included in these spectacles are as described above.
- the above spectacles can exhibit an anti-glare effect like sunglasses when the photochromic compound is colored by being irradiated with sunlight outdoors, and the photochromic compound can be colored when returned indoors. Transmittance can be recovered by fading.
- a known technique can be applied to the configuration of the frame and the like.
- the obtained product was analyzed by the following method.
- Comparative compound 1 was synthesized according to the method described in the above-mentioned literature for synthesis method. Table 1 shows the analysis results of Comparative Example Compound 1 obtained.
- this solution was once taken out from the spectrophotometer and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 15 seconds using a UV-LED (a combination of LIGHTNINGCURE LC-L1V5 and L14310-120, output 70%) manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics as an ultraviolet light source.
- the solution was stirred with a small stirrer during UV irradiation.
- the sample was set again in the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, spectroscopic measurement was performed under the same conditions, and the first absorption wavelength was confirmed.
- the molar extinction coefficient ⁇ (M ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 ) at a wavelength of 380 nm before UV irradiation was read.
- This region corresponds to the absorption base of the uncolored body, and the molar extinction coefficient at 380 nm can be used as an indicator of the coloring of the uncolored body. If ⁇ is less than 5000 M ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 , it is preferable because the coloring becomes weak, and it is more preferable that it is less than 3000 M ⁇ 1 cm ⁇ 1 .
- Table 1 shows the read molar extinction coefficient values at 380 nm. A new absorption peak appears in the visible light region (380 nm to 800 nm) because a colored body is formed after UV irradiation. Among the absorption peaks appearing in the visible region, the wavelength of the peak of absorption intensity observed at the longest wavelength is read and shown in Table 1 as "first absorption wavelength". As an example, FIG. 2 shows absorption spectra before and after ultraviolet irradiation for Exemplified Compound 1 and Comparative Compound 1.
- FIG. 2 shows absorption spectra before and after ultraviolet irradiation for Exe
- Exemplary Compounds 1 to 5 showed new absorption peaks in the visible light region after UV irradiation, confirming that these compounds exhibit photochromic properties. Compounds exhibiting photochromic properties in this way can be used for the production of various photochromic articles such as spectacle lenses. Further, from the results shown in Table 1, it can be confirmed that Exemplified Compounds 1 to 5 absorb less short-wavelength visible light in the uncolored form than Comparative Example Compound 1, which does not have a triphenylene skeleton.
- a photopolymerization initiator phenylbis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide
- an antioxidant [bis(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)propionic acid)] [ethylene bis(oxyethylene)]
- a light stabilizer bis(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate
- a silane coupling agent ⁇ - methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
- a plastic lens substrate (manufactured by HOYA under the trade name EYAS: center thickness 2.5 mm, diameter 75 mm, spherical lens power -4.00) is immersed in an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 10% by mass (liquid temperature 60°C) for 5 minutes. By doing so, it was washed with alkali, further washed with pure water, and dried. After that, a water-based polyurethane resin liquid (polycarbonate polyol-based polyurethane emulsion, viscosity of 100 cPs, solid content concentration of 38% by mass) was applied to the convex surface of the plastic lens substrate in an environment of room temperature and relative humidity of 40 to 60%. Using a spin coater MS-B150, a primer layer having a thickness of 5.5 ⁇ m was formed by spin coating at a rotation speed of 1500 rpm for 1 minute and air drying for 15 minutes.
- EYAS center thickness 2.5 mm, diameter 75 mm, spherical
- ⁇ Deposition of photochromic layer> The photochromic composition prepared above is dropped on the primer layer, and using Mikasa's MS-B150, the rotation speed is changed in slope mode from 500 rpm to 1500 rpm over 1 minute, and further 5 times at 1500 rpm. It was applied by a spin coating method using a program to rotate for 1 second. After that, the photochromic composition coated on the primer layer formed on the plastic lens substrate was irradiated with ultraviolet rays (main wavelength: 405 nm) for 40 seconds in a nitrogen atmosphere (oxygen concentration: 500 ppm or less), and this composition was was cured to form a photochromic layer. The thickness of the formed photochromic layer was 45 ⁇ m. Thus, a photochromic article (spectacle lens) was produced.
- Luminous reflectance was obtained by the following method according to JIS T7333:2005.
- the convex surface of the spectacle lens was irradiated with light from a xenon lamp as a light source through an aeromass filter for 15 minutes to color the photochromic layer. This irradiation light was applied so that the irradiance and the tolerance of the irradiance were the values shown in Table 2 as specified in JIS T7333:2005.
- the transmittance at the time of coloring was measured with a spectrophotometer manufactured by Otsuka Electronics.
- the fading speed was evaluated by the following method.
- the transmittance (measurement wavelength: 550 nm) of the spectacle lens before light irradiation (uncolored state) was measured with a spectrophotometer manufactured by Otsuka Electronics. The transmittance measured here is called "initial transmittance”.
- Each spectacle lens was irradiated with light for 15 minutes through an aeromass filter using a xenon lamp as a light source to color the photochromic layer. This irradiation light was applied so that the irradiance and the tolerance of the irradiance were the values shown in Table ⁇ as specified in JIS T7333:2005.
- the transmittance during this coloring was measured in the same manner as the initial transmittance.
- the transmittance measured here is called "coloring transmittance”.
- the spectacle lens containing Exemplified Compound 1 had a luminous transmittance T% of 42% and a half life time of 4.5 minutes when colored. From the above results, the spectacle lens is a spectacle lens (photochromic lens) exhibiting photochromic performance in which the luminous transmittance changes before and after irradiation with ultraviolet rays, and returns to the original state over time when the irradiation of ultraviolet rays is stopped. It was confirmed.
- a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1 a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3 are provided.
- substituents that can be represented by any of R 100 to R 111 , R 200 to R 211 , R 300 to R 311 and X 1 to X 6 in general formulas 1 to 3 are a hydroxy group, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a monocyclic or polycyclic cycloaliphatic alkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkoxy group having 1 to 24 constituent atoms, A non-aromatic cyclic substituent having 1 to 24 atoms, a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a linear or branched perfluoroalkoxy group, a linear or branched group having 1 to 24 atoms branched alkylsulfide group, aryl group, aryloxy group, arylsulfide group, heteroaryl group, amino group, monoalkylamino group, dialkylamino group,
- it contains at least one photochromic compound selected from the group consisting of a photochromic compound represented by general formula 1, a photochromic compound represented by general formula 2, and a photochromic compound represented by general formula 3.
- a photochromic composition is provided.
- the photochromic composition can further contain a polymerizable compound.
- a photochromic article containing a cured product obtained by curing the photochromic composition is provided.
- the photochromic article can have a substrate and a photochromic layer that is the cured product.
- the photochromic article can be a spectacle lens.
- the photochromic article can be a goggle lens.
- the photochromic article can be a visor portion of a sun visor.
- the photochromic article can be a helmet shield member.
- spectacles provided with the above spectacle lenses are provided.
- One aspect of the present invention is useful in technical fields such as eyeglasses, goggles, sun visors, and helmets.
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Abstract
Description
一般式1~3中、R100~R111、R200~R211、R300~R311及びX1~X6は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又は置換基を表す。各一般式において、2つ以上の置換基が結合して環構造を形成してもよい。
ヒドロキシ基、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基等の炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基等の炭素数5~18の単環若しくはビシクロ環等の複環の環状脂肪族アルキル基、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、ブトキシ基等の構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の非芳香族環状置換基、トリフルオロメチル基等の炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルキル基、トリフルオロメトキシ基等の直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルコキシ基、メチルスルフィド基、エチルスルフィド基、ブチルスルフィド基等の構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキルスルフィド基、フェニル基、ナフチル基、アントラセニル基、フルオランテニル基、フェナントリル基、ピラニル基、ペリレニル基、スチリル基、フルオレニル基等のアリール基、フェニルオキシ基等のアリールオキシ基、フェニルスルフィド基等のアリールスルフィド基、ピリジル基、フラニル基、チエニル基、ピロリル基、ベンゾフラニル基、ベンゾチオフェニル基、インドリル基、ジベンゾフラニル基、ジベンゾチオフェニル基、カルバゾリル基、ジアゾリル基、トリアゾリル基、キノリニル基、フェノチアジニル基、フェノキサジニル基、フェナジニル基、チアンスリル基、アクリジニル基等のヘテロアリール基、アミノ基(-NH2)、モノメチルアミノ基等のモノアルキルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基等のジアルキルアミノ基、モノフェニルアミノ基等のモノアリールアミノ基、ジフェニルアミノ基等のジアリールアミノ基、ピペリジノ基、モルホリノ基、チオモルホリノ基、テトラヒドロキノリノ基、テトラヒドロイソキノリノ基等の環状アミノ基、エチニル基、メルカプト基、シリル基、スルホン酸基、アルキルスルホニル基、ホルミル基、カルボキシ基、シアノ基及びフッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、ヨウ素原子等のハロゲン原子からなる群から選ばれる置換基Rm;又は、
Rmに更に1つ以上の同一若しくは異なるRmが置換した置換基;
であることができる。
本発明の一態様は、一般式1で表されるフォトクロミック化合物、一般式2で表されるフォトクロミック化合物及び一般式3で表されるフォトクロミック化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上のフォトクロミック化合物を含むフォトクロミック組成物に関する。
また、本発明の一態様は、一般式1で表されるフォトクロミック化合物、一般式2で表されるフォトクロミック化合物及び一般式3で表されるフォトクロミック化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上のフォトクロミック化合物を含むフォトクロミック物品に関する。
上記フォトクロミック物品は、フォトクロミック物品の種類に応じて選択された基材を含むことができる。基材の一例として、眼鏡レンズ基材としては、プラスチックレンズ基材又はガラスレンズ基材が挙げられる。ガラスレンズ基材は、例えば無機ガラス製のレンズ基材であることができる。プラスチックレンズ基材としては、(メタ)アクリル樹脂をはじめとするスチレン樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、アリル樹脂、ジエチレングリコールビスアリルカーボネート樹脂(CR-39)等のアリルカーボネート樹脂、ビニル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、イソシアネート化合物とジエチレングリコール等のヒドロキシ化合物との反応で得られたウレタン樹脂、イソシアネート化合物とポリチオール化合物とを反応させたチオウレタン樹脂、分子内に1つ以上のジスルフィド結合を有する(チオ)エポキシ化合物を含有する硬化性組成物を硬化した硬化物(一般に透明樹脂と呼ばれる。)を挙げることができる。レンズ基材としては、染色されていないもの(無色レンズ)を用いてもよく、染色されているもの(染色レンズ)を用いてもよい。レンズ基材の屈折率は、例えば、1.50~1.75程度であることができる。ただしレンズ基材の屈折率は、上記範囲に限定されるものではなく、上記の範囲内でも、上記の範囲から上下に離れていてもよい。ここで屈折率とは、波長500nmの光に対する屈折率をいうものとする。また、レンズ基材は、屈折力を有するレンズ(いわゆる度付レンズ)であってもよく、屈折力なしのレンズ(いわゆる度なしレンズ)であってもよい。
フォトクロミック層は、基材の表面上に直接又は一層以上の他の層を介して間接的に設けられた層であることができる。フォトクロミック層は、例えば、重合性組成物を硬化した硬化層であることができる。一般式1で表されるフォトクロミック化合物、一般式2で表されるフォトクロミック化合物及び一般式3で表されるフォトクロミック化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上のフォトクロミック化合物と、重合性化合物の1種以上と、を少なくとも含む重合性組成物を硬化した硬化層として、フォトクロミック層を形成することができる。例えば、かかる重合性組成物を基材の表面上に直接塗布するか、又は基材上に設けられた層の表面に塗布し、塗布された重合性組成物に硬化処理を施すことによって、一般式1で表されるフォトクロミック化合物、一般式2で表されるフォトクロミック化合物及び一般式3で表されるフォトクロミック化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上のフォトクロミック化合物を含む硬化層として、フォトクロミック層を形成することができる。塗布方法としては、スピンコート法、ディップコート法、スプレーコート法、インクジェット法、ノズルコート法、スリットコート法等の公知の塗布方法を採用することができる。硬化処理は、光照射及び/又は加熱処理であることができる。重合性組成物は、1種以上の重合性化合物に加えて、1種以上の添加剤(例えば重合開始剤等)を更に含むことができる。重合性化合物の重合反応が進行することによって重合性組成物が硬化し硬化層が形成され得る。
本発明及び本明細書において、重合性化合物とは、1分子中に1つ以上の重合性基を有する化合物をいい、「重合性基」とは、重合反応し得る反応性基をいうものとする。重合性基としては、例えば、アクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基、ビニル基、ビニルエーテル基、エポキシ基、チオール基、オキセタン基、ヒドロキシ基、カルボキシ基、アミノ基、イソシアネート基等を挙げることができる。
エピスルフィド系化合物は、1分子内に2個以上のエピスルフィド基を有する化合物である。エピスルフィド基は、開環重合し得る重合性基である。エピスルフィド系化合物の具体例としては、ビス(1,2-エピチオエチル)スルフィド、ビス(1,2-エピチオエチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピル)スルフィド、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルチオ)メタン、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)メタン、ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)エタン、ビス(6,7-エピチオ-3,4-ジチアヘプチル)スルフィド、ビス(6,7-エピチオ-3,4-ジチアヘプチル)ジスルフィド、1,4-ジチアン-2,5-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチル)、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチル)ベンゼン、1,6-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチル)-2-(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオエチルチオ)-4-チアヘキサン、1,2,3-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)プロパン、1,1,1,1-テトラキス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチル)メタン、1,3-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)-2-チアプロパン、1,4-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)-2,3-ジチアブタン、1,1,1-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)メタン、1,1,1-トリス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチルチオ)メタン、1,1,2,2-テトラキス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)エタン、1,1,2,2-テトラキス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチルチオ)エタン、1,1,3,3-テトラキス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)プロパン、1,1,3,3-テトラキス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチルチオ)プロパン、2-[1,1-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオ)メチル]-1,3-ジチエタン、2-[1,1-ビス(2,3-エピチオプロピルジチオメチルチオ)メチル]-1,3-ジチエタン等を挙げることができる。
チエタニル系化合物は、1分子内に2個以上のチエタニル基を有するチエタン化合物である。チエタニル基は、開環重合し得る重合性基である。チエタニル系化合物の中には、複数のチエタニル基と共にエピスルフィド基を有するものがある。かかる化合物は、上記のエピスルフィド系化合物の例に挙げられている。その他のチエタニル系化合物には、分子内に金属原子を有している含金属チエタン化合物と、金属を含んでいない非金属系チエタン化合物とがある。
ポリアミン化合物は、一分子中にNH2基を2つ以上有する化合物であり、ポリイソシアネートとの反応でウレア結合を形成することができ、ポリイソチオシアネートとの反応でチオウレア結合を形成することができる。ポリアミン化合物の具体例としては、エチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、イソホロンジアミン、ノナメチレンジアミン、ウンデカメチレンジアミン、ドデカメチレンジアミン、メタキシレンジアミン、1,3-プロパンジアミン、プトレシン、2-(2-アミノエチルアミノ)エタノ-ル、ジエチレントリアミン、p-フェニレンジアミン、m-フェニレンジアミン、メラミン、1,3,5-ベンゼントリアミン等が挙げられる。
エポキシ系化合物は、分子内にエポキシ基を有する化合物である。エポキシ基は、開環重合し得る重合性基である。エポキシ系化合物は、一般に、脂肪族エポキシ化合物、脂環族エポキシ化合物及び芳香族エポキシ化合物に分類される。
ラジカル重合性基を有する化合物は、ラジカル重合し得る重合性基である。ラジカル重合性基としては、アクリロイル基、メタクリロイル基、アリル基、ビニル基等が挙げられる。
本発明の一態様は、上記フォトクロミック物品の一形態である眼鏡レンズを備えた眼鏡に関する。この眼鏡に含まれる眼鏡レンズの詳細については、先に記載した通りである。上記眼鏡は、かかる眼鏡レンズを備えることにより、例えば屋外ではフォトクロミック化合物が太陽光の照射を受けて着色することでサングラスのように防眩効果を発揮することができ、屋内に戻るとフォトクロミック化合物が退色することで透過性を回復することができる。上記眼鏡について、フレーム等の構成については、公知技術を適用することができる。
高速液体クロマトグラフ(HPLC)の面積比から純度を算出した。HPLC装置には島津製作所製LC-2040C(YMC-Triart C18 100x2.1mm、カラム温度40℃、PDA検出器)を用いた。移動相はアセトニトリル/0.1% TFA H2O=5/95-95/5(7min)、95/5(3min)の条件とし、流速は0.4ml/minとした。
質量分析にはLC-MS法を用いた。LC-MS装置には日本ウォーターズ製ACQUITY UPLC H-Classシステム(液体クロマトグラフ部)、SQD2(質量分析部)、ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 φ2.1×50mm(カラム部)を用いた。質量分析の結果、表1に示す精密質量の計算値に対し、表1に示す実測値であった。
元素分析にはCHN元素分析を用いた。CHN元素分析装置にはパーキンエルマー製Series II 2400を用いた。表1に示す計算値に対し、実測値は表1に示す値であった。
プロトン核磁気共鳴(1H-NMR)には、日本電子製ECS-400を用いた。測定溶媒には重クロロホルムを用いた。図1に、得られたNMRチャートを示す。
以上の分析結果より総合的に目的化合物が生成していることを確認した。
同様の合成方法を用い、化合物7及び化合物3(合成中間体)を表1に示す化合物に変更した以外は同等の操作を行うことで、例示化合物2~5を得た。それぞれの分子構造と得られた化合物の分析結果を表1に示す。
合成方法について先に挙げた文献に記載の方法にしたがい比較化合物1を合成した。得られた比較例化合物1の分析結果を表1に示す。
<紫外線照射前後の吸収特性の評価>
実施例及び比較例の各化合物を、安定剤を含有しないクロロホルムに溶解し、化合物のクロロホルム溶液を調製した。
調製した溶液を入れた1cm角の石英分光セルに蓋をし、紫外可視分光光度計(島津製作所製UV-1900i、測定波長:800~250nm、波長2nm刻み、高速モード)により吸光度を計測した。吸光度の計測は室温(20~25℃)で行った。更に、この溶液を分光光度計から一旦取り出し、紫外線光源として浜松ホトニクス製UV-LED(LIGHTNINGCURE LC-L1V5及びL14310-120を組み合わせたもの、出力70%)を用いて紫外線を15秒間照射した。紫外線照射中は小型スターラーで溶液を撹拌した。紫外線照射終了から10秒以内に紫外可視分光光度計に再度セットし、同様の条件で分光測定を行い、第一吸収波長を確認した。
紫外線照射前の波長380nmにおけるモル吸光係数ε(M-1cm-1)を読み取った。この領域は無着色体の吸収のすそ野に相当する領域であり、380nmのモル吸光係数を無着色体の着色の指標とすることができる。εが5000M-1cm-1を下回ると着色感が薄れるため好ましく、3000M-1cm-1を下回ることがより好ましい。読み取った380nmにおけるモル吸光係数の値を表1に示す。
紫外線照射後には着色体が形成されるため、可視光域(380nm~800nm)に新たな吸収ピークが現れる。可視域に現れた吸収ピークのうち、最も長波長に観察される吸収強度のピークの波長を読み取り、「第一吸収波長」として表1に示す。
一例として、例示化合物1及び比較化合物1について、紫外線照射前後の吸収スペクトルを図2に示す。
また、表1に示す結果から、例示化合物1~5が、トリフェニレン骨格を持たない比較例化合物1と比べて、無着色体の短波長可視光の吸収が少ないことが確認できる。
<フォトクロミック組成物(重合性組成物)の調製>
プラスチック製容器内で、(メタ)アクリレートの合計100質量部に対して、68質量部のポリエチレングリコールジアクリレート、12質量部のトリメチロールプロパントリメタクリレート、20質量部のネオペンチルグリコールジメタクリレートを混合し、(メタ)アクリレート混合物を調製した。この(メタ)アクリレート混合物100質量部に対して、7質量部となるように例示化合物1を混合した。更に、光重合開始剤(フェニルビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)ホスフィンオキシド)、酸化防止剤[ビス(3-tert-ブチル-4-ヒドロキシ-5-メチルフェニル)プロピオン酸)][エチレンビス(オキシエチレン)]及び光安定化剤(セバシン酸ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジル))を混合し、十分に撹拌した後、シランカップリング剤(γ-メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン)を撹拌しながら滴下した。その後、自動公転方式撹拌脱泡装置で脱泡した。
以上の方法により、フォトクロミック組成物を調製した。
プラスチックレンズ基材(HOYA社製商品名EYAS:中心厚2.5mm、直径75mm、球面レンズ度数-4.00)を濃度10質量%の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液(液温60℃)に5分間浸漬処理することでアルカリ洗浄し、更に純水で洗浄し乾燥させた。その後、このプラスチックレンズ基材の凸面に対して、水系ポリウレタン樹脂液(ポリカーボネートポリオール系ポリウレタンエマルジョン、粘度100cPs、固形分濃度38質量%)を室温且つ相対湿度40~60%の環境において、ミカサ社製スピンコーターMS-B150を用い、回転数1500rpmで1分間スピンコート法により塗布した後、15分間自然乾燥させることにより、厚さ5.5μmのプライマー層を形成した。
上記で調製したフォトクロミック組成物を、上記プライマー層の上に滴下し、ミカサ社製MS-B150を用い、回転数500rpmから1500rpmまで1分間かけてスロープモードで回転数を変化させ、更に1500rpmで5秒間回転させるプログラムを用いたスピンコート法により塗布した。その後、プラスチックレンズ基材上に形成されたプライマー層上に塗布された上記フォトクロミック組成物に対し、窒素雰囲気中(酸素濃度500ppm以下)で紫外線(主波長405nm)を40秒間照射し、この組成物を硬化させてフォトクロミック層を形成した。形成されたフォトクロミック層の厚さは45μmであった。
こうして、フォトクロミック物品(眼鏡レンズ)を作製した。
JIS T7333:2005に準じた以下の方法によって視感反射率を求めた。
上記眼鏡レンズの凸面に向けて、キセノンランプを光源に用いてエアロマスフィルターを介した光を15分間照射し、フォトクロミック層を着色させた。この照射光はJIS T7333:2005に規定されているように放射照度及び放射照度の許容差が表2に示す値となるように行った。この着色時の透過率を大塚電子製分光光度計により測定した。
退色速度は以下の方法により評価した。
上記眼鏡レンズの光照射前(未着色状態)の透過率(測定波長:550nm)を大塚電子製分光光度計により測定した。ここで測定された透過率を「初期透過率」と呼ぶ。
各眼鏡レンズに対し、キセノンランプを光源に用いてエアロマスフィルターを介した光を15分間照射し、フォトクロミック層を着色させた。この照射光はJIS T7333:2005に規定されているように放射照度及び放射照度の許容差が表〇に示す値となるように行った。この着色時の透過率を初期透過率と同様に測定した。ここで測定された透過率を「着色時透過率」と呼ぶ。
その後、光照射を止めた時間から透過率が、[(初期透過率-着色時透過率)/2]となるまでに要する時間を測定した。
例示化合物1を含む上記眼鏡レンズは、着色時の視感透過率T%が42%、半減時間が4.5分であった。
以上の結果から、上記眼鏡レンズが、紫外線照射前後で視感透過率が変化し、また、紫外線の照射を止めると経時的に元の状態に戻るフォトクロミック性能を示す眼鏡レンズ(フォトクロミックレンズ)であることが確認された。
ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキル基、炭素数5~18の単環若しくは複環の環状脂肪族アルキル基、構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の非芳香族環状置換基、炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルキル基、直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキルスルフィド基、アリール基、アリールオキシ基、アリールスルフィド基、ヘテロアリール基、アミノ基、モノアルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、モノアリールアミノ基、ジアリールアミノ基、環状アミノ基、エチニル基、メルカプト基、シリル基、スルホン酸基、アルキルスルホニル基、ホルミル基、カルボキシ基、シアノ基及びハロゲン原子からなる群から選ばれる置換基Rm;又は、
Rmに更に1つ以上の同一若しくは異なるRmが置換した置換基;
であることができる。
Claims (14)
- 前記置換基は、
ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキル基、炭素数5~18の単環若しくは複環の環状脂肪族アルキル基、構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の非芳香族環状置換基、炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルキル基、直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキルスルフィド基、アリール基、アリールオキシ基、アリールスルフィド基、ヘテロアリール基、アミノ基、モノアルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、モノアリールアミノ基、ジアリールアミノ基、環状アミノ基、エチニル基、メルカプト基、シリル基、スルホン酸基、アルキルスルホニル基、ホルミル基、カルボキシ基、シアノ基及びハロゲン原子からなる群から選ばれる置換基Rm;又は、
Rmに更に1つ以上の同一若しくは異なるRmが置換した置換基;
である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のフォトクロミック化合物。 - 請求項1に記載のフォトクロミック化合物、請求項2に記載のフォトクロミック化合物及び請求項3に記載のフォトクロミック化合物からなる群から選択される1種以上のフォトクロミック化合物を含むフォトクロミック組成物。
- 前記置換基は、
ヒドロキシ基、炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキル基、炭素数5~18の単環若しくは複環の環状脂肪族アルキル基、構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の非芳香族環状置換基、炭素数1~18の直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルキル基、直鎖若しくは分岐のパーフルオロアルコキシ基、構成原子数1~24の直鎖若しくは分岐のアルキルスルフィド基、アリール基、アリールオキシ基、アリールスルフィド基、ヘテロアリール基、アミノ基、モノアルキルアミノ基、ジアルキルアミノ基、モノアリールアミノ基、ジアリールアミノ基、環状アミノ基、エチニル基、メルカプト基、シリル基、スルホン酸基、アルキルスルホニル基、ホルミル基、カルボキシ基、シアノ基及びハロゲン原子からなる群から選ばれる置換基Rm;又は、
Rmに更に1つ以上の同一若しくは異なるRmが置換した置換基;
である、請求項5に記載のフォトクロミック組成物。 - 重合性化合物を更に含む、請求項5又は6に記載のフォトクロミック組成物。
- 請求項7に記載のフォトクロミック組成物を硬化した硬化物を含むフォトクロミック物品。
- 基材と、前記硬化物であるフォトクロミック層とを有する、請求項8に記載のフォトクロミック物品。
- 眼鏡レンズである、請求項8又は9に記載のフォトクロミック物品。
- ゴーグル用レンズである、請求項8又は9に記載のフォトクロミック物品。
- サンバイザーのバイザー部分である、請求項8又は9に記載のフォトクロミック物品。
- ヘルメットのシールド部材である、請求項8又は9に記載のフォトクロミック物品。
- 請求項10に記載の眼鏡レンズを備えた眼鏡。
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