WO2022166930A1 - 一种医用导丝及医用套件 - Google Patents

一种医用导丝及医用套件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166930A1
WO2022166930A1 PCT/CN2022/075225 CN2022075225W WO2022166930A1 WO 2022166930 A1 WO2022166930 A1 WO 2022166930A1 CN 2022075225 W CN2022075225 W CN 2022075225W WO 2022166930 A1 WO2022166930 A1 WO 2022166930A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide wire
medical
coil
limiting body
catcher
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PCT/CN2022/075225
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵明杰
吴伟一
朱永锋
张博纬
朱清
赵淑华
Original Assignee
上海微创心脉医疗科技(集团)股份有限公司
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Application filed by 上海微创心脉医疗科技(集团)股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海微创心脉医疗科技(集团)股份有限公司
Publication of WO2022166930A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166930A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/09—Guide wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/09—Guide wires
    • A61M25/09041—Mechanisms for insertion of guide wires

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a medical guide wire and a medical kit.
  • guide wires and pre-embedded guide wires need to be used.
  • Such guide wires need to be super-selected into branch vessels and then passed out of the body through a puncture sheath to establish branch channels in the stent.
  • a grasper can be used to capture the guide wire and guide the guide wire through the complex vascular access.
  • the catcher usually includes a catheter and a coil. After the coil captures the guidewire, the coil carries the guidewire into the catheter, moves along the catheter, and finally passes out of the body through the puncture sheath to avoid damage to the blood vessel by the guidewire.
  • the guide wire needs to pass through the coil of the catcher, and then by pulling the coil, the coil is tightened to lock the guide wire, and then in the process of pulling the coil, the guide wire passes through the coil and the guide wire.
  • the friction between the wires causes the guide wire to move synchronously with the coil. For some thinner guide wires, the coils still cannot hold the guide wires when they are tightened.
  • the friction between the coil and the guide wires is relatively small. It makes the coil easy to slip and cause the capture failure.
  • the catcher coil is easy to bend the guide wire when it is locked. Once the guide wire is bent, it is easy to damage the blood vessel on the one hand, and on the other hand, the guide wire itself is easy to break. , on the other hand, it may also cause the guide wire to fail to enter the catheter.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a medical guide wire and a medical kit.
  • the medical guide wire can prevent the guide wire from slipping off when the medical guide wire is matched with the catcher, so that the catcher can smoothly guide the medical guide wire through the complex vascular access.
  • a medical guide wire provided by the present invention includes a guide wire body and a limiting body, the limiting body is connected with the distal end of the guide wire body, and the maximum outer diameter of the limiting body is greater than The diameter of the guidewire.
  • the guide wire body includes a guide wire body and a flexible control wire, and two ends of the flexible control wire are respectively connected to the guide wire body and the limiting body.
  • the axial length of the flexible control wire is greater than the axial length of the limiting body.
  • the material of the flexible control wire includes ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the diameter of the flexible control wire is smaller than the diameter of the guide wire body.
  • the guidewire body includes angularly connected proximal and distal segments.
  • the acute angle formed by the distal segment and the proximal segment is less than 20°.
  • the outer diameter of the limiting body first increases and then decreases along the direction from the proximal end to the distal end.
  • the outer surface of the limiting body is a smooth curved surface.
  • the limiting body is configured to have developability.
  • the present invention also provides a medical kit including a catcher and the medical guide wire according to any one of the preceding items, wherein the catcher includes a catheter, a pulling guide wire and a catch coil; the The catheter has an axially penetrating lumen, and the lumen is used for passing through the pulling guide wire and the capturing coil; the capturing coil is connected with the distal end of the pulling guide wire and used for sheathing It is arranged on the guide wire body of the medical guide wire; the maximum outer diameter of the limiting body of the medical guide wire is smaller than the diameter of the inner cavity.
  • the medical guide wire and medical kit of the present invention have the following advantages:
  • the aforementioned medical guide wire includes a guide wire body and a limiting body, the limiting body is arranged at the distal end of the guide wire body, and the maximum outer diameter of the limiting body is larger than the diameter of the guide wire body .
  • the catcher coil of the catcher is sleeved on the guide wire body. In this way, when the coil is pulled, the catcher coil is placed on the catcher coil by the limiting body. Limit the position to prevent the capture coil from slipping off the medical guide wire to ensure effective cooperation between the two.
  • the guide wire body includes a guide wire body and a flexible control wire, and two ends of the flexible control wire are respectively connected to the guide wire body and the limiting body.
  • the medical guide wire is caught by the catcher, and when the catch coil is pulled, the flexible control wire is bent, which will not cause damage to the blood vessel and will not cause the guide wire body to break.
  • the axial length of the flexible control wire is greater than the axial length of the limiting body, so that when the flexible control wire is bent, the limiting body overlaps the flexible control wire in the axial direction, and does not It will be overlapped with the guide wire body to avoid increasing the radial size of the medical guide wire, so that the medical guide wire can smoothly enter the catheter of the catcher.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical guide wire according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a catcher of a medical kit provided by the present invention according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical kit provided by the present invention according to an embodiment, illustrating that the limiting body of the traditional Chinese medicine guide wire enters the coil of the catcher;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical kit provided by the present invention according to an embodiment, in which the coil of the catcher tightens and locks the medical guide wire, and the limiting body is located outside the catheter;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical kit provided by the present invention according to an embodiment, in which the coil of the catcher catches the medical guide wire, and the limiting body enters the catheter;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a medical guide wire according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • each embodiment of the following description has one or more technical features, but this does not mean that the person using the present invention must implement all the technical features in any embodiment at the same time, or can only implement different embodiments separately.
  • One or all of the technical features of the .
  • those skilled in the art can selectively implement some or all of the technical features in any embodiment according to the disclosure of the present invention and depending on design specifications or implementation requirements, or The combination of some or all of the technical features in the multiple embodiments is selectively implemented, thereby increasing the flexibility of the implementation of the present invention.
  • the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” include plural referents, and the plural forms “a plurality” include two or more referents unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
  • the term “or” is generally employed in its sense including “and/or” unless the content clearly dictates otherwise, and the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected” shall be To be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. It can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two elements or the interaction relationship between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • proximal distal
  • distal is the relative orientation, relative position, orientation of elements or actions relative to each other from the perspective of the physician using the medical device, although “proximal”, “distal” “ is not limiting, but “proximal” generally refers to the end of the medical device that is closest to the physician during normal operation, and “distal” generally refers to the end that first enters the patient.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a medical guide wire provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the medical guide wire provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a guide wire body 110 and a limiting body 120 , the limiting body 120 is connected to the distal end of the guide wire body 110 , and the limiting body 120 is The maximum outer diameter of the body 120 is larger than the diameter of the guide wire body 110 .
  • the medical guide wire is used to enter human blood vessels in interventional procedures such as medical stent implantation, so as to establish stent passages. When the medical guide wire passes through the human blood vessel, it can cooperate with the catcher, pass through the human blood vessel under the guidance of the catcher, and lead the distal end out of the body.
  • the distal end of the guide wire refers to the end that first enters when the guide wire is introduced into the human body and leaves first when it is led out of the human body.
  • FIG. 2 The structure of the catcher is shown in FIG. 2 , including a catheter 210 , a pulling wire 220 and a catch coil 230 .
  • the catheter 210 has an axially penetrating lumen, and the lumen is used for passing the pulling wire 220 and the capturing coil 230 therethrough.
  • the capture coil 230 is connected to the distal end of the pulling wire 220 .
  • Figures 3 to 5 show schematic diagrams when the medical guide wire is used in conjunction with the catcher. As shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG.
  • the capture coil 230 when the two are used together, the capture coil 230 extends out of the lumen from the distal end of the catheter 210 and is sleeved on the guide wire body 110 , and then the operator pulls the capture coil 230 at the proximal end of the pulling guide wire 220 to make the capture coil 230 enter the lumen, under the pressure of the tube wall of the catheter 210 , the capture coil 230 is tightened to lock the guide wire body 110 . The operator continues to pull the pulling guide wire 220 , so that the capture coil 230 carries the medical guide wire to move along the lumen of the catheter 210 .
  • the limiting body 120 is used to limit the capturing coil 230 to prevent the capturing coil 230 from being pulled from the guide wire body 110 .
  • the distal end slips off, ensuring that the catcher always catches the medical guide wire.
  • the present invention has no particular limitation on the specific shape of the limiting body 120 , as long as the maximum outer diameter of the limiting body 120 is greater than the outer diameter of the guide wire body 110 , the capture coil 230 can be prevented from passing from the guide wire body 110 .
  • the distal end of the filament 110 may slip off.
  • the limiting body has a distal end, a proximal end, and an intermediate portion located between the distal end and the proximal end, the intermediate portion having the maximum outer diameter.
  • the outer diameter of the limiting body 120 first increases and then decreases along the direction from the proximal end to the distal end of the guide wire body 110 .
  • the outer surface of the limiting body 120 is preferably a smooth curved surface to prevent the medical guide wire from causing damage to the blood vessel.
  • the shape of the limiting body 120 may be spherical or ellipsoid.
  • the limiting body 120 is configured to have visualization.
  • the limiting body 120 is made of a developable metal material.
  • the limiting body 120 includes a limiting body body and a developing element disposed on the limiting body body.
  • the limiting body body can be made of stainless steel, nickel-titanium alloy and other metals, and can also be made of polymer materials such as block polyetheramide elastomer (Pebax) and high density polyethylene (HDPE).
  • the medical guide wire after the medical guide wire is captured by the capture device, it will move along the lumen of the catheter 210 with the capture coil 230 , so the maximum outer diameter of the limiting body 120 is The diameter should be smaller than the diameter of the lumen.
  • the guide wire body 110 includes a guide wire body 111 and a flexible control wire 112 in this embodiment.
  • the proximal end of the flexible control wire 112 is connected to the guide wire body 111 .
  • the distal end of the wire 112 is connected to the limiting body 120 .
  • the capture coil 230 is sheathed on the flexible control wire 112 , and the flexible control wire 112 bends under the action of the capture coil 230 Folding, due to its flexible characteristics, will not break.
  • the guide wire body 110 of this embodiment is composed of the guide wire body 111 and the flexible control wire 112, which can avoid the guide wire body while maintaining the guiding characteristics of the medical guide wire.
  • the problem that the blood vessel is easily damaged due to bending of 110 also avoids the problem that the guide wire body 110 is broken due to bending.
  • the flexible control wire 112 is made of a soft material.
  • the material used for making the flexible control wire 112 includes, but is not limited to, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE).
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the diameter of the flexible control wire 112 is smaller than the diameter of the guide wire body 111, so that the capture coil 230 can smoothly slide from the guide wire body 111 to the flexible control wire 112, The catching coil 230 is prevented from being stuck at the connection between the guide wire body 111 and the flexible control wire 112 .
  • the strength of the flexible control wire 112 should be able to withstand the tensile force exerted by the capture coil 230 thereon.
  • the axial length of the flexible control wire 112 is greater than the axial length of the limiting body 120 .
  • the axial direction mentioned here refers to the extending direction of the medical guide wire when the medical guide wire is stretched to a straight state. This setting is because the flexible control wire 112 is usually bent at a position adjacent to the limiting body 120 . When the flexible control wire 112 is bent, the limiting body 120 and the flexible control wire 112 are in the axial direction. The upper coincidence will not cause too much influence on the radial dimension of the medical guide wire, and thus will not prevent the medical guide wire from entering the lumen of the catheter 210 of the catcher.
  • the guide wire body 111 of the guide wire body 110 of the medical guide wire shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 is a linear structure, but in practice, the guide wire body 111 may also be a non-linear structure.
  • the guide wire body 111 includes a proximal segment 111 a and a distal segment 111 b connected at an angle, which facilitates the passage of the limiting body 120 through the gripper
  • the capturing coil 230 is used so that the medical guide wire is captured by the capturing coil 230 .
  • the angle of the acute angle ⁇ formed between the proximal segment 111a and the distal segment 111b is adjusted according to the condition of the blood vessel, and is generally less than 20°. It should be understood that the distal end of the proximal segment 111a is connected with the proximal end of the distal segment 111b in a smooth transition to avoid forming a sharp angle.
  • the distal end of the catheter 210 of the capture device and the capture coil 230 are first introduced into the target blood vessel from the puncture sheath. stretch out. Then, according to the position of the limiting body 120 of the medical guide wire, the capturing coil 230 is adjusted so that the limiting body 120 passes through the capturing coil 230 . During this process, the position of the limiting body 120 can be acquired by X-ray equipment or other developing equipment.
  • the operator applies a pulling force on the proximal end of the pulling wire 220 to pull the capturing coil 230 , so that the capturing coil 230 begins to enter the lumen of the catheter 210 .
  • the capture coil 230 is gradually tightened to lock the guide wire body 110 (specifically, the flexible control wire 112).
  • the capturing coil 230 will gradually approach the limiting body 120 .
  • the catch coil 230 is limited by the restraint body 120 , so that the catch coil 230 cannot escape from the distal end of the guide wire body 110 .
  • the flexible control wire 112 bends when the operator continues to pull the capture coil 230 until substantially all of the capture coil 230 enters the lumen of the catheter 210 .
  • the operator continues to pull the capture coil 230, and the capture coil 230 pulls the limiting body 120 and the guide wire body 110 into the lumen of the catheter 210, and moves along the The lumen moves toward the proximal end of the catheter 210, and finally the distal end of the medical guide wire is led out of the body through the puncture sheath.
  • the catch coil is limited by the limiting body to prevent the catch coil from slipping, so that the medical guide wire can be prevented from slipping off.
  • the wire can smoothly pass through the vascular channel under the guidance of the catcher.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides a medical kit including the medical guide wire and the catcher as described above.

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Abstract

一种医用导丝及医用套件。医用导丝包括导丝体（110）和限位体（120），限位体（120）与导丝体（110）的远端连接，限位体（120）的最大外径大于导丝体（110）的直径。医用套件包括抓捕器和医用导丝。抓捕器包括导管（210）、牵拉导丝（220）和抓捕线圈（230）。医用导丝用于与抓捕器配合使用时，抓捕器的抓捕线圈（230）套装在导丝体（110）上，操作者拉拽抓捕线圈（230）时，利用限位体（120）对抓捕线圈（230）进行限位，避免抓捕线圈（230）从导丝体（110）的远端滑脱，确保两者有效连接，提高抓捕效率。

Description

一种医用导丝及医用套件 技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械技术领域，具体涉及一种医用导丝及医用套件。
背景技术
在涉及分支血管病变的支架植入术中，需要使用导引导丝和预埋导丝，此类导丝需要超选进分支血管，然后经穿刺鞘穿出体外，以便建立支架的分支通道。在复杂的血管通路中，导丝(即前述的导引导丝和预埋导丝)难以通过时，可采用抓捕器抓捕导丝，并引导导丝通过该复杂的血管通路。
抓捕器通常包括一导管和一线圈，线圈在抓捕导丝之后，携带导丝进入导管中，并沿导管移动，最后经穿刺鞘穿出体外，以避免导丝对血管造成损伤。在抓捕器抓捕导丝时，导丝需要穿过抓捕器的线圈，然后通过拉拽线圈，使得线圈缩紧以锁住导丝，然后在拉拽线圈的过程中，通过线圈与导丝之间的摩擦力，使得导丝随线圈同步移动。对于一些较细的导丝而言，线圈缩紧时仍无法套牢导丝，对于一些表面附着有特殊材料或亲水涂层的导丝而言，线圈与导丝之间的摩擦力较小，使得线圈易滑脱造成抓捕失败。此外，对于一些硬质导丝而言，抓捕器线圈在锁紧时还容易造成导丝弯折，导丝一旦发生弯折，一方面容易损伤血管，另一方面导丝自身也容易发生断裂，再一方面还可能导致导丝无法进入导管。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种医用导丝及医用套件，该医用导丝在与抓捕器配合时，可避免导丝滑脱，使得抓捕器可顺利的引导医用导丝通过复杂血管通路。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供的一种医用导丝，包括导丝体和限位体，所述限位体与所述导丝体的远端连接，所述限位体的最大外径大于所述导丝体的直径。
可选地，所述导丝体包括导丝本体和柔性控制线，所述柔性控制线的两 端分别与所述导丝本体和所述限位体连接。
可选地，所述柔性控制线的轴向长度大于所述限位体的轴向长度。
可选地，所述柔性控制线的材质包括超高分子聚乙烯或聚四氟乙烯。
可选地，所述柔性控制线的直径小于所述导丝体的直径。
可选地，所述导丝本体包括成角度地连接的近端节段和远端节段。
可选地，所述远端节段与所述近端节段所形成的锐角的角度小于20°。
可选地，所述限位体的外径沿近端到远端的方向先增大后减小。
可选地，所述限位体的外表面为光滑曲面。
可选地，所述限位体被配置为具有显影性。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供了一种医用套件，包括抓捕器和如前任一项所述的医用导丝，所述抓捕器包括导管、牵拉导丝和抓捕线圈；所述导管具有轴向贯穿的内腔，所述内腔用于供所述牵拉导丝和所述抓捕线圈贯穿；所述抓捕线圈与所述牵拉导丝的远端连接，并用于套设在所述医用导丝的所述导丝体上；所述医用导丝的所述限位体的最大外径小于所述内腔的直径。
与现有技术相比，本发明的医用导丝及医用套件具有如下优点：
第一、前述的医用导丝包括导丝体和限位体，所述限位体设置在所述导丝体的远端，所述限位体的最大外径大于所述导丝体的直径。在与所述抓捕器配合时，所述抓捕器的抓捕线圈套设在所述导丝体上，如此，拉拽所述线圈时，利用所述限位体对所述抓捕线圈进行限位，避免所述抓捕线圈从所述医用导丝上滑脱，确保两者有效配合。
第二、所述导丝体包括导丝本体和柔性控制线，所述柔性控制线的两端分别连接所述导丝本体和所述限位体。所述医用导丝被所述抓捕器抓捕，且在拉拽所述抓捕线圈时，所述柔性控制线弯折，不会对血管造成损伤，也不会引起导丝体断裂。
第三、所述柔性控制线的轴向长度大于所述限位体的轴向长度，使得所述柔性控制线弯折时，限位体在轴向上与所述柔性控制线重合，而不会与所述导丝本体重合，避免增大医用导丝的径向尺寸，使得医用导丝可顺利地进入抓捕器的导管。
附图说明
附图用于更好地理解本发明，不构成对本发明的不当限定。其中：
图1是本发明根据一实施例所提供的医用导丝的结构示意图；
图2是本发明根据一实施例所提供的医用套件的抓捕器的结构示意图；
图3是本发明根据一实施例所提供的医用套件的结构示意图，图示中医用导丝的限位体进入抓捕器的线圈中；
图4是本发明根据一实施例所提供的医用套件的结构示意图，图示中抓捕器的线圈缩紧并锁定所述医用导丝，且限位体位于导管外侧；
图5是本发明根据一实施例所提供的医用套件的结构示意图，图示中抓捕器的线圈抓捕医用导丝，且限位体进入导管内；
图6是本发明根据替代性的实施例所提供的医用导丝的结构示意图。
[附图标记说明如下]：
110-导丝体；
111-导丝本体；
111a-近端节段，111b-远端节段；
112-柔性控制线；
120-限位体；
210-导管；
220-牵引导丝；
230-抓捕线圈。
具体实施方式
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式，本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用，本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用，在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。需要说明的是，本实施例中所提供的图示仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本构 想，遂图式中仅显示与本发明中有关的组件而非按照实际实施时的组件数目、形状及尺寸绘制，其实际实施时各组件的型态、数量及比例可为一种随意的改变，且其组件布局型态也可能更为复杂。
另外，以下说明内容的各个实施例分别具有一或多个技术特征，然此并不意味着使用本发明者必需同时实施任一实施例中的所有技术特征，或仅能分开实施不同实施例中的一部或全部技术特征。换句话说，在实施为可能的前提下，本领域技术人员可依据本发明的公开内容，并视设计规范或实作需求，选择性地实施任一实施例中部分或全部的技术特征，或者选择性地实施多个实施例中部分或全部的技术特征的组合，借此增加本发明实施时的弹性。
如在本说明书中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”包括复数对象，复数形式“多个”包括两个以上的对象，除非内容另外明确指出外。如在本说明书中所使用的，术语“或”通常是以包括“和/或”的含义而进行使用的，除非内容另外明确指出外，以及术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接。可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接。可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
为使本发明的目的、优点和特征更加清楚，以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。需说明的是，附图均采用非常简化的形式且均使用非精准的比例，仅用以方便、明晰地辅助说明本发明实施例的目的。附图中相同或相似的附图标记代表相同或相似的部件。
在本文中，术语“近端”、“远端”是从使用该医疗器械的医生角度来看相对于彼此的元件或动作的相对方位、相对位置、方向，尽管“近端”、“远端”并非是限制性的，但是“近端”通常指该医疗设备在正常操作过程中靠近医生的一端，而“远端”通常是指首先进入患者体内的一端。
图1示出了本发明一实施例所提供的医用导丝的结构示意图。如图1所示，本发明实施例所提供的医用导丝包括导丝体110和限位体120，所述限位 体120与所述导丝体110的远端连接，且所述限位体120的最大外径大于所述导丝体110的直径。所述医用导丝用于在介入手术例如医用支架植入术中进入人体血管，以建立支架通路。所述医用导丝在人体血管内穿行时，可与抓捕器配合，并在抓捕器的引导下穿过人体血管并将其远端导出体外。在本实施例中，导丝体的远端是指在导丝体导入人体时首先进入且在导出人体时首先离开的一端。
所述抓捕器的结构如图2所示，包括导管210、牵引导丝220和抓捕线圈230。所述导管210具有轴向贯通的内腔，所述内腔用于供所述牵引导丝220和所述抓捕线圈230贯穿。所述抓捕线圈230与所述牵引导丝220的远端连接。图3至图5示出了所述医用导丝与所述抓捕器配合使用时的示意图。如图3、图4及图5所示，两者配合使用时，所述抓捕线圈230从所述导管210的远端伸出所述内腔，并套设在所述导丝体110上，然后操作者在所述牵拉导丝220的近端拉拽所述抓捕线圈230，以使所述抓捕线圈230进入所述内腔，在所述导管210的管壁的挤压下，所述抓捕线圈230收紧而锁住所述导丝体110。操作者继续拉拽所述牵拉导丝220，以使所述抓捕线圈230携带所述医用导丝沿所述导管210的所述内腔移动。在操作者拉拽所述抓捕线圈230的过程中，所述限位体120用于对所述抓捕线圈230进行限位，以避免所述抓捕线圈230从所述导丝体110的远端滑脱，保证抓捕器始终抓捕所述医用导丝。
本发明对所限位体120的具体形状没有特别的限制，只要所述限位体120的最大外径大于所述导丝体110的外径，能够阻止所述抓捕线圈230从所述导丝体110的远端滑脱即可。可选地，所述限位体具有远端、近端和位于远端和近端之间的中间部分，所述中间部分具有所述最大外径。可选地，所述限位体120的外径沿导丝体110的近端到远端的方向先增大后减小。进一步地，所述限位体120的外表面优选为光滑曲面，以避免所述医用导丝对血管造成伤害。在一些可选的实现方式中，所述限位体120的形状可以是球形或椭球形。
为方便在手术中对所述限位体120进行定位，方便抓捕，所述限位体120 被配置为具有显影性。在一种可实现的方式中，所述限位体120采用具有显影性的金属材料制作。在另一种可实现的方式中，所述限位体120包括限位体本体和设置在所述限位体本体上的显影元件。所述限位体本体可采用不锈钢、镍钛合金等金属制作，也可采用例如嵌段聚醚酰胺弹性体(Pebax)、高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)等高分子材料制作。
此外，可理解，所述医用导丝在被所述抓捕器抓捕后，将随所述抓捕线圈230沿所述导管210的内腔移动，故而，所述限位体120的最大外径应小于所述内腔的直径。
请返回参考图1，所述导丝体110于本实施例中包括导丝本体111和柔性控制线112，所述柔性控制线112的近端与所述导丝本体111连接，所述柔性控制线112的远端与所述限位体120连接。当所述医用导丝被所述抓捕器抓捕时，所述抓捕线圈230套装在所述柔性控制线112上，所述柔性控制线112在所述抓捕线圈230的作用下发生弯折，由于其柔性特点，不会发生断裂。也就是说，本实施例的所述导丝体110由所述导丝本体111和柔性控制线112两部分组成，可以在保持所述医用导丝的引导特性的同时，避免所述导丝体110因弯折而易损伤血管的问题，也避免所述导丝体110因弯折而断裂的问题。
为实现上述目的，所述柔性控制线112采用柔软的材料制作。具体地，用于制作所述柔性控制线112的材料包括但不限于超高分子聚乙烯或聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)。可理解，所述柔性控制线112的直径小于所述导丝本体111的直径，以使所述抓捕线圈230能够顺利地从所述导丝本体111滑移至所述柔性控制线112上，避免抓捕线圈230卡滞在所述导丝本体111与所述柔性控制线112的连接处。此外，所述柔性控制线112的强度应能够承受所述抓捕线圈230施加于其上的拉力。
进一步优选地，所述柔性控制线112的轴向长度大于所述限位体120的轴向长度。可理解，此处所述的轴向是指将所述医用导丝拉伸呈直线状态时所述医用导丝的延伸方向。这样设置是因为所述柔性控制线112通常在临近所述限位体120的位置发生弯折，当所述柔性控制线112弯折时，限位体120与所述柔性控制线112在轴向上重合，不会对所述医用导丝的径向尺寸造成 太大的影响，从而不会阻碍所述医用导丝进入所述抓捕器的导管210的内腔。
另外，还需要说明的是，图1、图3至图5中所示的医用导丝的所述导丝体110的导丝本体111为直线型结构，但在实践中，所述导丝本体111也可以是非直线型结构。请参考图6，在替代性的实施例中，所述导丝本体111包括成角度地连接的近端节段111a和远端节段111b，有利于所述限位体120穿过所述抓捕线圈230，以使所述医用导丝被所述抓捕线圈230抓捕。所述近端节段111a与所述远端节段111b之间形成的锐角α的角度根据血管情况进行调整，一般小于20°。应理解的是，所述近端节段111a的远端与所述远端节段111b的近端平滑过渡地连接，以避免形成尖锐夹角。
接下去，本文将结合图3至图5详细介绍所述抓捕器抓捕所述医用导丝的过程。
如图3所示，首先从穿刺鞘中将所述抓捕器的导管210的远端及所述抓捕线圈230导入目标血管，此时所述抓捕线圈230从所述导管210的远端伸出。然后根据所述医用导丝的所述限位体120的位置，调整所述抓捕线圈230，以使所述限位体120穿过所述抓捕线圈230。此过程中，所述限位体120的位置可通过X射线设备或其他显影设备获取。
接着，如图4所示，操作者在所述牵引导丝220的近端施加拉力，以拉拽所述抓捕线圈230，使得所述抓捕线圈230开始进入所述导管210的内腔，在所述导管210的管壁的束缚下，所述抓捕线圈230逐渐收紧，以锁住所述导丝体110(具体是柔性控制线112)。并且在拉力的作用下，所述抓捕线圈230会逐步靠近所述限位体120。利用所述限位体120对所述抓捕线圈230进行限位，使得所述抓捕线圈230不能从所述导丝体110的远端脱出。操作者持续拉拽所述抓捕线圈230至所述抓捕线圈230基本全部进入所述导管210的内腔时，所述柔性控制线112弯曲。
请再参考图5，操作者继续拉拽所述抓捕线圈230，所述抓捕线圈230牵引所述限位体120及所述导丝体110进入所述导管210的内腔，并沿所述内腔朝向导管210的近端移动，最后经穿刺鞘将所述医用导丝的远端导出体外。
本发明实施例所提供的医用导丝在与所述抓捕器配合使用时，通过所述 限位体对所述抓捕线圈进行限位，避免所述抓捕线圈滑脱，使得所述医用导丝能够在所述抓捕器的引导下顺利通过血管通道。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种医用套件，包括如前所述的医用导丝和抓捕器。
虽然本发明披露如上，但并不局限于此。本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种医用导丝，其特征在于，包括导丝体和限位体，所述限位体与所述导丝体的远端连接，所述限位体的最大外径大于所述导丝体的直径。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述导丝体包括导丝本体和柔性控制线，所述柔性控制线的两端分别与所述导丝本体和所述限位体连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述柔性控制线的轴向长度大于所述限位体的轴向长度。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述柔性控制线的材质包括超高分子聚乙烯或聚四氟乙烯。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述柔性控制线的直径小于所述导丝体的直径。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述导丝本体包括成角度地连接的近端节段和远端节段。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述远端节段与所述近端节段所形成的锐角的角度小于20°。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述限位体的外径沿近端到远端的方向先增大后减小。
  9. 根据权利要求1或2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述限位体的外表面为光滑曲面。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的医用导丝，其特征在于，所述限位体被配置为具有显影性。
  11. 一种医用套件，其特征在于，包括抓捕器和如权利要求1-10中任一项所述的医用导丝，所述抓捕器包括导管、牵拉导丝和抓捕线圈；所述导管具有轴向贯穿的内腔，所述内腔用于供所述牵拉导丝和所述抓捕线圈贯穿；所述抓捕线圈与所述牵拉导丝的远端连接，并用于套设在所述医用导丝的所述导丝体上；所述医用导丝的所述限位体的最大外径小于所述内腔的直径。
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