WO2022166564A1 - 一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪 - Google Patents

一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022166564A1
WO2022166564A1 PCT/CN2022/072211 CN2022072211W WO2022166564A1 WO 2022166564 A1 WO2022166564 A1 WO 2022166564A1 CN 2022072211 W CN2022072211 W CN 2022072211W WO 2022166564 A1 WO2022166564 A1 WO 2022166564A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
air
hole
ventilation
pneumatic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/072211
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张华定
Original Assignee
张华定
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110143489.8A external-priority patent/CN112828827A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202122238613.7U external-priority patent/CN215942802U/zh
Application filed by 张华定 filed Critical 张华定
Priority to KR1020237027553A priority Critical patent/KR20230129540A/ko
Priority to JP2023570329A priority patent/JP2024504874A/ja
Priority to CA3207317A priority patent/CA3207317A1/en
Priority to AU2022215680A priority patent/AU2022215680A1/en
Priority to EP22748843.4A priority patent/EP4289561A1/en
Publication of WO2022166564A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022166564A1/zh
Priority to US18/363,721 priority patent/US20230373070A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B25C1/041—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure with fixed main cylinder
    • B25C1/043—Trigger valve and trigger mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/04—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by fluid pressure, e.g. by air pressure
    • B25C1/047—Mechanical details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
    • B25C1/00—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices
    • B25C1/06—Hand-held nailing tools; Nail feeding devices operated by electric power

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of machinery, and relates to a pneumatic nailing gun, in particular to a pneumatic nailing gun with adjustable nailing force.
  • Pneumatic nail gun is a tool driven by high pressure gas to achieve nailing.
  • Existing pneumatic nailers are divided into single-cylinder nailers and double-cylinder nailers.
  • the single-cylinder nailing gun is mainly input from the external high-pressure air source into the single-cylinder to realize nailing.
  • the external high-pressure gas is generally the high-pressure gas tank or the high-pressure gas output by the compressor. Therefore, the single-cylinder pneumatic nailing gun needs to pass through.
  • a gas tube is connected to the high pressure gas source and can only be moved around the high pressure gas source.
  • the double-cylinder nail gun is based on a single cylinder to add a cylinder to generate high-pressure gas and built-in power source for driving. Therefore, the double-cylinder nail gun is a portable nail gun that can be moved in any range.
  • the nailing force adjustment of the single-cylinder pneumatic nailer is to adjust the pressure input into the single-cylinder by setting a balance valve on the gas path between the single-cylinder and the external high-pressure air source, which is mainly carried out in the internal gas circuit isolated from the outside world. Regulated, will not leak high pressure air source to the outside world.
  • the nailing force adjustment of the double-cylinder nailing gun is mainly adjusted by spring force adjustment and sensor program control.
  • the spring force adjustment structure such as the Chinese patent publication number CN109693210A, discloses a nail gun, which is provided with a spring and an adjustment knob at the piston to which the striker is fixed, and when the piston shrinks, the spring will be compressed so that the force of the spring acts on the On the piston, the adjustment knob can adjust the initial position of the spring and thus change the spring force. When the piston is released, different spring forces can produce different nailing forces.
  • Another sensor program control adjustment is mainly to set the preset nailing position through several sensors.
  • the piston of the cylinder that compresses the gas to generate high pressure reaches the preset position, it is sensed by the sensor and the nailing is controlled by the program, or the sensor is sensed.
  • the initial position and stroke are used to calculate the nailing position and the nailing is controlled by the program.
  • the present invention provides a pneumatic nailing gun with adjustable nailing force, the technical problem to be solved is how to accurately adjust the nailing force for a long time.
  • a pneumatic nailing gun with adjustable nailing force comprising a casing and a striker arranged on the casing and capable of reciprocating movement for nailing; Or loosen the locking piece of the striker, a first cylinder and a second cylinder are also arranged in the casing, a first piston capable of performing a compression stroke and a return stroke is arranged in the first cylinder, and the first piston divides the first cylinder
  • a first air chamber that can be used to store gas, the first piston is driven by a motor to reciprocate linearly, and a second piston that can reciprocate between the first position and the second position is arranged in the second cylinder
  • the above-mentioned striker is fixed on the second piston, the second piston divides the second air chamber in the second cylinder, and the first air chamber and the second air chamber are communicated with each other through the ventilation channel, so that the first air chamber and the second air chamber
  • the air chamber, the ventilation channel and the second air chamber form a pneumatic structure that is closed
  • the first piston When the second piston is in the first position and the locking member locks the firing pin, the first piston performs a compression stroke to compress the gas in the first air chamber, and discharges part of the compressed gas to the outside through the air hole.
  • the first piston When the two pistons are in the second position and the locking member releases the striker, the first piston performs a return stroke to return the second piston to the first position and is locked by the locking member, and sucks part of the outside air into the pneumatic structure through the air hole.
  • the working principle of the pneumatic nailing machine is as follows: the first air chamber, the ventilation channel and the second air chamber form a pneumatic structure.
  • the air holes on the pneumatic structure when the handle is adjusted in advance maintain the ventilation volume determined by the outside world, and the second
  • the piston shrinks at the bottom of the second cylinder. Since the locking member locks the striker and the striker is fixedly connected with the second piston, the second piston is restricted to the bottom of the second cylinder and cannot move, and the volume of the second air chamber is fixed.
  • the first piston performs a compression stroke, which compresses the gas in the first cylinder to generate high-pressure gas, thereby forming a high-pressure state in the entire pneumatic structure.
  • the pressure value of the actual high-pressure gas is less than the pressure value generated by the predetermined stroke of the first piston, and the handle can be operated in advance so that the handle can adjust the pressure value of the actual high-pressure gas in the first air chamber at different positions, so as to realize the adjustment of the nailing force.
  • the locking piece is released, and the second piston moves at a high speed under the action of the high-pressure gas to drive the striker for nailing, and then the first piston performs the return stroke.
  • the pneumatic structure formed by the chamber is closed except for the air hole.
  • the first air chamber generates negative pressure relative to the second air chamber, and the second piston in the second cylinder is pulled back to the first position and locked by
  • the air hole is kept in communication with the outside world, and the pressure of the first air chamber is also lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that the first air chamber is pre-filled with part of the gas to supplement the gas required by the first air chamber in advance. Because only a certain amount of the outside air enters the first air chamber after the air hole is matched with the handle, it is not enough to affect the negative pressure generated by the first air chamber relative to the second air chamber, and it can smooth the gradual increase of the first piston during recovery.
  • the torque of the motor makes the motor run smoothly and keeps the motor running accurately, and because the air hole is a static ventilation structure, it does not move dynamically like a spring, so it can maintain the accuracy of adjustment for a long time.
  • the second cylinder is coaxially located outside the first cylinder, and the end of the cylinder of the first cylinder and the end of the cylinder of the second cylinder are provided with
  • the cylinder block of the cylinder and the cylinder block of the second cylinder form a sealed cylinder end cover, thereby forming a first air chamber and a second air chamber located on the same side
  • the above-mentioned ventilation passage is located in the cylinder end cover
  • the above-mentioned air hole is provided at the cylinder end
  • the air hole communicates with the ventilation passage or communicates with the first air chamber or the second air chamber.
  • the air hole is single, the hole diameter is 0.5-5 mm, or the air hole is plural.
  • the total ventilation of multiple air holes is the same as that of a single air hole with a diameter of 05-5mm.
  • the handle comprises a threaded rod, the threaded rod and the cylinder end cover are connected by threads, and a blocking end is provided at the end of the threaded rod. After adjusting the handle, the blocking end can be located in the air hole in different position to change the size of the air outlet from the stomata.
  • the handle includes a swing rod hinged on the housing, and the end of the swing rod is provided with a shielding plate. After adjusting the handle, the shielding plate can block part of the air holes, thereby changing the size of the air outlet of the air holes.
  • the handle includes a turntable connected to the outer end of the threaded rod, and a steel ball for positioning and a spring acting on the steel ball are also provided on the edge of the turntable.
  • the side surface is provided with a plurality of positioning holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the steel ball abuts against an orifice of one of the positioning holes under the action of the spring.
  • Rotate the turntable the turntable rotates with the axial direction of the threaded rod as the center of the circle. Since the steel ball is against an orifice under the action of the spring, during the rotation process, the steel ball will break away from the original orifice and enter the next orifice along the track. And make a banging sound to prompt the user to turn to the next adjustment position and locate it.
  • the cylinder end cover is provided with a cylindrical mounting seat, one end of the mounting seat is provided with a threaded hole, the air hole is provided in the other end, and the other end is provided with a ventilation hole, so
  • the threaded rod of the handle is threaded into the threaded hole, the inner end of the threaded rod extends to the air hole orifice and is located between the air hole and the air hole, and the lower half of the cylinder head is also provided with a gas connection with the air hole.
  • the air path is communicated with the outside world. This structure realizes the exhaust and air intake from the outside world, and can also play a role in preventing dust.
  • a mounting seat is fixedly connected to the cylinder end cover, the air hole is arranged in the mounting seat, and the mounting seat is also provided with a ventilation hole communicating with the air hole, and the ventilation hole can be kept in communication with the outside world.
  • the air hole is movably connected with a ventilation column, the ventilation column includes a ventilation rod, the ventilation rod includes a ventilation hole and an inner air hole communicated with the ventilation hole, the ventilation hole is communicated with the first air chamber, and the ventilation column It is connected with the handle, and under the adjustment of the handle, the inner air hole moves in the air hole, and the inner peripheral surface of the air hole and the air hole are connected or closed through the inner air hole.
  • the handle needs to be rotated a certain number of times to make the inner peripheral surface of the through hole and the outer air hole form a partial conduction state before changing the pneumatic structure and the external ventilation volume, so as to avoid the rotation change of the handle when the operator accidentally touches the handle.
  • the position of the blocking portion enables the pneumatic structure to communicate with the outside world, and at the same time, the ventilation rod is located in the through hole of the mounting seat, which ensures the sealing performance in the mounting seat and improves the accuracy of the nailing force adjustment of the nail gun.
  • the cylinder end cover includes an inner end cover and an outer end cover, and the outer end cover is attached to the outer side of the inner end cover so that the inner end cover and the outer end cover are between the inner end cover and the outer end cover.
  • the above-mentioned ventilation passage is formed, and the air passage is arranged below the ventilation passage.
  • the air path includes a cylindrical fixing seat arranged on the outer side of the inner end cover, the above-mentioned mounting seat is inserted into the fixing seat and the fixing seat forms a seal, and the fixing seat is sealed at the fixing seat.
  • the holes communicated with the outside world, and the ventilation grooves, the concave cavity and the holes are communicated with each other.
  • the inner side of the inner end cover is respectively provided with a first convex portion which is inserted into the cylinder of the first cylinder and sealedly connected, and a cylinder which is inserted into the second cylinder and is connected in a sealed manner.
  • the second convex part that is sealed and connected is provided with a first through hole penetrating the inner end cover on the first convex part, and a second through hole penetrating the inner end cover on the second convex part.
  • a sealing ring is arranged between the end caps, the sealing ring encloses the first through hole and the second through hole in the sealing ring, and the outer end cap is provided with a connection connecting the first through hole and the second through hole. groove.
  • the mounting seat includes a vent ring communicating with the air hole, the vent ring is provided with a vent hole, the vent column includes a screw rod, the mounting seat further includes a threaded hole, and the screw rod Installed in the threaded hole by thread, the venting column is connected with the handle through the boss, the venting column moves in the air hole through the relative rotation of the screw and the threaded hole, and the air hole is connected or closed with the vent ring through the inner air hole.
  • the end of the mounting seat is provided with a convex edge
  • the mounting seat includes a mounting groove matching the shape of the convex edge
  • the convex edge is located in the mounting groove
  • the mounting seat An annular groove is also opened on the outer wall, and the annular groove is communicated with the above-mentioned ventilation groove.
  • the nailing gun further comprises a casing, the casing is provided with a fixing groove, the cover plate is mounted on the notch of the fixing groove, a movable rod is arranged in the fixing groove, and the movable rod is One end is provided with a spring groove equipped with a second spring, the second spring abuts on the cylinder end cover, the other end of the movable rod is a spherical boss, and the handle includes a connecting rod and is connected to the outer end of the connecting rod
  • the boss turntable, the connecting rod is connected with the boss, the boss turntable is provided with a spherical groove matching the shape of the spherical boss, and the spherical boss passes through the U-shaped opening of the fixed groove And can abut on the spherical groove.
  • the outer casing is further provided with an open rotation groove, the boss turntable rotates in the rotation groove, and the end surface of the boss turntable is also provided with a spherical groove corresponding to the The numbers are arranged at intervals on the touch table of the boss turntable.
  • the pneumatic nailing gun has the following advantages:
  • This pneumatic nailing gun adopts a pneumatic structure to set an air hole in communication with the outside world to adjust the nailing force, which can realize the adjustment of the nailing force, and can smooth the motor torque that gradually increases when the first piston is restored. , make the motor run smoothly, keep the motor running accurately, and because the air hole is a static ventilation structure, it does not move dynamically like a spring, so the adjustment accuracy can be maintained for a long time. .
  • air channels such as air grooves, inner chambers and holes are set on the outside of the air holes, so that the exhaust is noiseless, and the ash-free layer during air replenishment can enter the first Air chamber for long-term accuracy.
  • Fig. 1 is the sectional structure schematic diagram of the pneumatic nailing gun.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional explosion structure of the pneumatic nail gun.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cylinder end cover of the pneumatic nailer in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged three-dimensional schematic diagram of part A in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the state of the pneumatic structure when the first piston performs a compression stroke.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the state of the pneumatic structure when the first piston completes the compression stroke.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the state of the pneumatic structure after nailing.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the state of the aerodynamic structure when the first piston performs a return stroke.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the state of the aerodynamic structure returning to the initial state after the return stroke of the first piston is completed.
  • Embodiment 10 is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional explosion structure in Embodiment 2 of the pneumatic nailing gun.
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the cylinder end cover of the pneumatic nailer in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the mounting seat and the ventilation column in the second embodiment of the pneumatic nailing gun.
  • FIG. 13 is an enlarged cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the cylinder end cover in the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure in which the inner air hole and the air hole are not connected in the second embodiment of the nailing gun;
  • 15 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the inner air hole and the ventilation hole partially conducting in the second embodiment of the nailing gun;
  • 16 is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the complete conduction between the inner air hole and the air hole in the second embodiment of the nailing gun;
  • Fig. 17 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the nailing gun.
  • FIG. 20 is an exploded schematic diagram of a part of the structure in the third embodiment.
  • a pneumatic nail gun includes a casing 1, a striker 2 that is arranged on the casing 1 and can reciprocate for nailing, and the casing 1 is provided with a striker 2 capable of locking or releasing
  • the locking piece 3 has a locking hook, and the side of the striker 2 is provided with a card slot. In the locked state, the locking hook is stuck in the slot to keep the striker 2 locked and cannot move.
  • a first cylinder 4 and a second cylinder 5 are also arranged in the housing 1 , a first piston 41 capable of performing a compression stroke and a return stroke is arranged in the first cylinder 4 , and the first piston 41 divides the first cylinder 4
  • a first air chamber 42 that can be used to store gas a piston rod 411 is connected to the first piston 41, a crank 412 is connected to the piston rod 411, the motor 6 arranged in the housing 1 is connected to a gear reducer 61, and the gear reduces
  • the output shaft of the actuator 61 is connected with the crank 412, and the piston rod 411 and the crank 412 form a crank connecting rod structure, which changes the rotational power of the motor 6 into the power for driving the first piston 41 to move linearly back and forth.
  • a second piston 51 is provided in the second cylinder 5 and can reciprocate between a first position and a second position.
  • the first position is the position where the striker 2 is locked and the second piston 51 is located, and the second position is the striker for nailing.
  • the striker 2 is fixed on the second piston 51, and the second piston 51 divides the second air chamber 52 in the second cylinder 5.
  • the first air chamber 42 and the second air chamber 52 They communicate with each other through a fully enclosed ventilation channel 8, so that the first air chamber 42, the ventilation channel 8 and the second air chamber 52 form a pneumatic structure that is closed relative to the outside world.
  • the lower end of the grip portion of the housing 1 is also provided with a detachable battery 10.
  • the battery 10 supplies power to the motor control board 11, and a button 12 is also provided at the lower end of the grip portion of the housing 1, and the button 12 is also connected to the motor control board 11.
  • the motor control board 11 controls the motor 6 to drive the first piston 41 to perform a compression stroke and a return stroke.
  • the front end of the housing 1 is provided with a nail box 13 , and the nails in the nail box 13 will automatically rise to the front of the striker 2 under the action of the spring.
  • the lock hook is removed from the slot of the striker 2 by the unlocking mechanism, so that both the striker 2 and the second piston 51 are in an unlocked state, and the second piston 51 moves at a high speed under the action of high pressure.
  • the first piston 41 performs a return stroke.
  • the second piston 51 is moved back and forth from the first position to the second position, and a locking hook locks the striker 2 again.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective exploded view of the pneumatic nailer.
  • the second cylinder 5 is located above the first cylinder 4, and the first cylinder 4 and the second cylinder 5 are arranged side by side in the same axial direction.
  • a cylinder end cover 9 that can form a seal with the cylinder block of the first cylinder 4 and the cylinder block of the second cylinder 5, the end covers of the first cylinder 4 and the second cylinder 5 are the same cylinder end cover 9, which is installed in the first cylinder. 4 and one side of the second cylinder 5, thereby forming the first air chamber 42 and the second air chamber 52 on the same side, and the ventilation passage 8 is located in the cylinder end cover 9.
  • the cylinder end cover 9 includes an inner end cover 91 and an outer end cover 92.
  • the inner side surface of the inner end cover 91 is respectively provided with a first convex portion 911 which is inserted into the cylinder of the first cylinder 4 and is sealingly connected, and a first convex portion 911 which is inserted into the cylinder of the first cylinder 4 and is inserted into the second cylinder.
  • the second protruding portion 912 of the cylinder bodies of the two cylinders 5 is sealed and connected.
  • the first protruding portion 911 is provided with a first through hole 913 penetrating the inner end cover 91
  • the second protruding portion 912 is provided with a penetrating inner end cover 91 .
  • the sealing ring 915 is provided between the outer end cover 92 and the inner end cover 91.
  • the sealing ring 915 surrounds the first through hole 913 and the second through hole 914 in the sealing ring 915 and the outer end cover 92
  • the cylinder end cover 9 is provided with a single air hole 7 that communicates with the ventilation passage 8.
  • the diameter of the air hole 7 is 0.5-5 mm.
  • the handle 14, the handle 14 includes a threaded rod 141, the threaded rod 141 is connected with the cylinder end cover 9 through threads, and the inner end of the threaded rod 141 is the blocking end. After adjusting the handle, the blocking end can be located at different positions in the air hole 7 to change The size of the air outlet of the air hole 7.
  • the air hole 7 can be arranged on the cylinder body of the first cylinder 4 or the cylinder body of the second cylinder 5, and the air hole 7 is communicated with the first air chamber 42 or the second air chamber 52, and the air hole 7
  • the number of air holes can also be replaced by a plurality of air holes, and the total ventilation volume of the plurality of air holes is the same or similar to that of a single air hole with a diameter of 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the inner end cover 91 and the outer end cover 92 of the cylinder end cover 9 are provided with cylindrical mounting seats 94 made of metal copper and other materials, and the mounting seats 94 are embedded in the cylinder end cover 9 made of plastic,
  • One end of the mounting seat 94 is provided with a threaded hole
  • the air hole 7 is provided in the other end
  • the other end is provided with an air intake hole 145a
  • the threaded rod 141 of the handle 14 is threaded into the threaded hole
  • the inner end of the threaded rod 141 extends To the orifice of the air hole 7 and between the air hole 7 and the air inlet hole 145a.
  • the handle 14 includes a turntable 142 connected to the outer end of the threaded rod 141 , and a steel ball 143 for positioning and a spring 144 acting on the steel ball 143 are also provided on the edge of the turntable 142 .
  • the positioning holes 922 are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the steel ball 143 abuts against the opening of one of the positioning holes 922 under the action of the spring 144 .
  • the turntable 142 rotates with the axial direction of the threaded rod 141 as the center of the circle. Since the steel ball 143 abuts against a hole under the action of the spring 144, the steel ball 143 will break away from the original hole and enter along the track during the rotation. to the next orifice with a bang to prompt the user to turn to the next adjustment position and hold it.
  • the air hole 7 keeps the pneumatic structure in communication with the outside through an air passage 93 arranged in the cylinder end cover 9 , and the air passage 93 is arranged in the lower half of the cylinder end cover 9 and below the ventilation passage 8 .
  • the air passage 93 includes a cylindrical fixing seat 916 disposed on the outer side of the inner end cover 91 , the mounting seat 94 is inserted into the fixing seat 916 and forms a seal with the fixing seat 916 , and the fixing seat 916 is provided with There is a ventilation groove 917 that communicates with the air inlet 145a, and a number of ribs 918 are provided outside the fixing seat 916 on the outer side of the inner end cover 91, and a cavity 95 is formed between the ribs 918.
  • the outer edge of the inner end cover 91 There is a hole 919 that communicates with the outside world, and the ventilation groove 917 , the cavity 95 and the hole 919 communicate with each other.
  • the working process of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 5-9 .
  • the first air chamber 42 , the ventilation channel 8 and the second air chamber 52 form a pneumatic structure.
  • the positions of the first piston 41 and the second piston 51 shown in FIG. 1 are In the initial state, when the handle 14 is adjusted in advance, the air hole 7 on the pneumatic structure maintains the ventilation volume determined by the outside world, and the second piston 51 is located in the first position, that is, the first piston 51 is retracted at the bottom of the second cylinder 5, and has a locking hook.
  • the locking piece 3 locks the striker 2.
  • the first piston 41 performs a compression stroke to compress the gas in the first cylinder 4 to generate high-pressure gas, thereby forming a high-pressure state in the entire pneumatic structure.
  • Part of the high-pressure gas is discharged to the outside through the ventilation groove 917, the cavity 95 and the hole 919, so that the pressure value of the actual high-pressure gas is smaller than the pressure value generated by the predetermined stroke of the first piston 41, so as to realize the adjustment of the nailing force.
  • the lock hook is moved out of the groove of the striker 2 by the unlocking mechanism, the locking member 3 is in a released state, the striker 2 and the second piston 51 Both are in the unlocked state, and the second piston 51 moves at high speed under the action of high pressure, driving the striker 2 to hit the nail in front of the striker 2 to complete a nailing action.
  • the second piston 51 is in the second position.
  • the first piston 41 performs the return stroke. Since the pneumatic structure formed by the first air chamber 42 , the ventilation passage 8 and the second air chamber 52 is closed except for the air hole 7 , during the return stroke, the first The air chamber 42 generates negative pressure with respect to the second air chamber 52, and the second piston 51 in the second cylinder 5 moves to the first position. During the recovery process, the air hole 7 is kept in communication with the outside world, and the pressure of the first air chamber 42 is also lower than the atmospheric pressure, so that the first air chamber 42 is pre-filled with part of the gas through the ventilation groove 917, the cavity 95 and the hole 919, and the first air chamber 42 is pre-filled with gas in advance. Gas required for a gas chamber 42 .
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the structures of the second embodiment and the first embodiment are basically the same.
  • Side 943, the convex side 943 is a hexagonal structure, the convex side 943 is installed in the installation groove 96 of the inner end cover 91, the mounting seat 94 includes an air hole 7, the air hole 7 is communicated with the ventilation ring 941, and the ventilation ring 941 is provided with a through hole.
  • the air hole 71, the air hole 71 is communicated with the air inlet hole 145a, and the outer wall of the mounting seat 94 is provided with an annular groove 944.
  • the inner end cover 91 is further provided with a ventilation groove 917 of another structure, and the annular groove 944 is communicated with the ventilation groove 917 .
  • the ventilation post 145 is located in the mounting seat 94 , and includes a ventilation rod.
  • the ventilation rod is provided with an air inlet 145a and an inner air hole 145b communicating with the air inlet 145a.
  • the air inlet 145a communicates with the first air chamber 42 .
  • the ventilation column 145 is provided with a screw 145c, and the mounting seat 94 is also provided with a threaded hole 942.
  • the screw 145c is installed in the threaded hole 942 through a thread, and the ventilation column 145 is connected with the handle 14 through the boss 145d.
  • the threaded hole 942 rotates relatively, and the vent column 145 moves in the air hole 7 .
  • the working principle of this embodiment is shown in Figures 13-16, and the details are as follows.
  • the adjustment of the nailing force of the nailing gun is changed by adjusting the handle 14 to change the ventilation volume between the pneumatic structure and the outside atmosphere.
  • the ventilation volume is mainly adjusted by changing It is determined by the degree of coincidence of the inner air hole 145b and the ventilation ring 941; as shown in FIG. 14, when the nail gun is in the initial state, the gas in the first air chamber 42 diffuses into the air inlet hole 145a of the ventilation column 145.
  • the inner air hole 145b is located in the air hole 7, the inner air hole 145b and the ventilation ring 941 are completely staggered, and the pneumatic structure is kept isolated from the outside atmosphere.
  • the actual high-pressure gas in the first air chamber 42 is at this time.
  • the pressure value is equal to the pressure value generated by the predetermined stroke of the first piston 41; as shown in FIG. 15, when the handle 14 is adjusted, the ventilation column 145 rotates in the mounting seat 94, and the inner air hole 145b on the ventilation rod and the ventilation ring 941 part When overlapping, the gas in the pneumatic structure communicates with the outside atmosphere through the air inlet hole 145a, the inner air hole 145b, the ventilation ring 941 and the ventilation hole 71. At this time, the actual pressure value of the high-pressure gas in the first air chamber 42 is smaller than the predetermined value of the first piston 41.
  • the pressure value generated by the stroke as shown in FIG. 16 , when the inner air hole 145b and the breather ring 941 are completely overlapped by the adjustment of the handle 14 , the pressure value of the actual high-pressure gas in the first air chamber 42 is smaller than that of the first piston 41 at this time.
  • the pressure value generated by the predetermined stroke in this embodiment, the handle 14 needs to be rotated for a certain number of turns before the inner air hole 145b and the ventilation ring 941 are partially aligned before changing the pneumatic structure and the external ventilation volume, so as to avoid the operator's influence on the handle 14
  • the handle 14 is rotated to change the position of the blocking part, so that the pneumatic structure is connected to the outside world.
  • the ventilation rod is located in the air hole 7 of the mounting seat 94, which ensures the sealing in the mounting seat 94. Improves the accuracy of nail gun force adjustment.
  • the structure of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment, the difference is that the boss 145d adopts the structure shown in FIG.
  • the housing 15 of the nail gun is provided with a fixing groove 15a
  • the cover plate 16 is installed in the notch of the fixing groove 15a
  • a movable rod 17 is arranged in the fixing groove 15a
  • One end of 17 is provided with a spring groove 17a
  • the spring groove 17a is equipped with a spring two 18, the spring two 18 abuts on the cylinder end cover 7,
  • the other end of the movable rod 17 is a spherical boss 17b
  • the boss turntable 14b is provided with a The spherical concave 14c groove matching the shape of the spherical boss 17b, the spherical boss 17b passes through the U-shaped opening 15a1 of the fixing groove 15a and can abut in the
  • the grooves 14c are arranged on the touch table 14b1 of the boss turntable 14c at intervals of numbers, and the turning groove 15b is provided with an opening 15b1.
  • the user places it on the touch table 14b1 through the opening 15b1 to make the boss turntable 14c rotate.

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Abstract

本实用新型提供了一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，属于机械技术领域。它解决了现有气动打钉枪打钉力调节精度不能保持长久的技术问题。本气动打钉枪包括壳体和撞针，壳体内还设有第一气缸和第二气缸，在第一气缸内设有第一活塞，且第一活塞划分出第一气室，在第二气缸内设有第二活塞，撞针固连在第二活塞上，第二活塞划分出第二气室，在第一气室和第二气室之间通过全封闭的通气通道相互连通，使第一气室、通气通道和第二气室形成相对于外界封闭的气动结构，在气动结构上设有能够使气动结构与外界保持连通的气孔，在壳体上设有能够调节气孔与外界通气量的手柄。由于气孔是一个静止的通气结构，能够长期保持调节的准确性。

Description

一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪 技术领域
本发明属于机械技术领域，涉及一种气动打钉枪，特别涉及一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪。
背景技术
气动打钉枪是高压气体驱动实现打钉的工具。现有的气动打钉枪分为单气缸打钉枪和双气缸打钉枪。单气缸打钉枪主要由外界的高压气源输入到单气缸中实现打钉，外界的高压气体一般是高压气罐或者是压缩机输出的高压气体，因此，单气缸的气动打钉枪需要通过一个气管连接到高压气源上，只能在高压气源附近移动使用。而双气缸打钉枪是在单气缸基础上增加一个气缸来产生高压气体并内置动力源进行驱动，因此，双气缸打钉枪是一种便携式打钉枪，可以在任意范围内移动。
单气缸气动打钉枪的打钉力调节是通过在单气缸和外界高压气源至今的气路上设置平衡阀来调节输入到单气缸中的压力，其主要是与外界隔绝的内部气路中进行调节的，不会将高压气源泄漏到外界。
双气缸打钉枪的打钉力调节主要由弹簧力调节和传感器程序控制调节。弹簧力调节结构如公开号为CN109693210A的中国专利公开了一种打钉枪，其在撞针所固连的活塞处设置了弹簧和调节旋钮，在活塞收缩时会压缩弹簧使弹簧的作用力作用在活塞上，而调节旋钮能调节弹簧的初始位置进而改变了弹簧作用力，在活塞释放时，不同的弹簧作用力能够产生不同的打钉力。
另外一种传感器程序控制调节，主要是通过若干个传感器设定预设打钉位置，压缩气体产生高压的气缸的活塞达到预设位置 时被传感器感应并由程序控制进行打钉，或者通过传感器感应初始位置和行程来计算出打钉位置并由程序控制进行打钉。
上述的几种方式进行打钉力调节都是很有效的打钉力调节，但是在打钉力准确性的调节上并不能保持长期的准确性，不管是弹簧还是传感器在长期使用中，精度会慢慢下降，难以保持长期的准确性。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术存在的上述问题，提供了一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其所要解决的技术问题是如何长期准确地调节打钉力。
本发明通过下列技术方案来实现：一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，包括壳体和设置在壳体上能够往复移动用于打钉的撞针，所述壳体上设有能够锁定或松开撞针的锁定件，在壳体内还设有第一气缸和第二气缸，在第一气缸内设有能够进行压缩冲程和回复冲程的第一活塞，且第一活塞划分出第一气缸内能够用于存储气体的第一气室，所述的第一活塞由电机驱动进行直线往复移动，在第二气缸内设有能够在第一位置和第二位置之间往复移动的第二活塞，上述的撞针固连在第二活塞上，所述第二活塞划分出第二气缸内的第二气室，在第一气室和第二气室之间通过通气通道相互连通，使第一气室、通气通道和第二气室形成相对于外界封闭的气动结构，其特征在于，在所述气动结构上设有能够使气动结构与外界保持连通的气孔，在壳体上设有能够调节气孔与外界通气量的手柄，在第二活塞位于第一位置且锁定件锁定撞针时，第一活塞进行压缩冲程使第一气室内的气体压缩，且通过气孔排出部分压缩气体到外界，在第二活塞位于第二位置且锁定件松开撞针时，第一活塞进行回复冲程使第二活塞回复到第一位置并由锁定件锁定，且通过气孔吸入部分外界气体于气动结构中。
本气动打钉机的工作原理如下：第一气室、通气通道和第二气室形成气动结构，打钉时，预先调整好手柄时气动结构上的气孔保持与外界确定的通气量，第二活塞位于第一位置时活塞收缩在第二气缸的底部，由于锁定件将撞针锁定且撞针与第二活塞固连，第二活塞被限制在第二气缸底部不能移动，第二气室容积固定，第一活塞进行压缩冲程，使第一气缸内的气体压缩而产生高压气体，进而使整个气动结构内形成高压状态，由于气孔与外界保持连通，部分高压气体从气动机构内排出部分高压气体，使实际高压气体的压力值小于第一活塞预定行程所产生的压力值，预先操作手柄使手柄在不同的位置可以调节第一气室内实际高压气体的压力值，以实现打钉力的调节，第一活塞完成压缩冲程后，锁定件松开，第二活塞在高压气体的作用下产生高速移动进而带动撞针进行打钉，之后第一活塞进行回复冲程，由于第一气室、通气通路和第二气室形成的气动结构除了气孔外都是封闭的，在回复冲程中，第一气室相对于第二气室产生负压，第二气缸内的第二活塞被拉回到第一位置并由锁定件进行锁定，在回复过程中，气孔与外界保持连通，第一气室的压力也小于大气压力，使第一气室预先充入部分气体，提前补充第一气室所需的气体。因为气孔与手柄配合后外界大气只有一定的量进入到第一气室内，不足以影响第一气室相对于第二气室产生的负压，并且能够平缓第一活塞在回复时逐渐增大的电机扭矩，使电机运转平稳，保持电机运转的准确，并且由于气孔是一个静止的通气结构，不像弹簧那样进行动态的移动，因此能够长期保持调节的准确性。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述的第二气缸同轴向并列位于第一气缸外，在第一气缸的缸体端部和第二气缸的缸体的端部设有能够与第一气缸的缸体和第二气缸的缸体形成密封的气缸端盖，从而形成位于同一侧的第一气室和第二气室，上述的通气通道位于气缸端盖内，上述的气孔设置气缸端盖上或者第一气缸的缸体上或者第二 气缸的缸体上，所述的气孔与所述的通气通道连通或者与第一气室或者第二气室相连通。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述的气孔为单个，孔径为0.5～5mm或者所述的气孔为多个。多个气孔的总通气量与单个孔径为05-5mm的气孔相同。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述的手柄包括螺纹杆，螺纹杆与气缸端盖通过螺纹连接，在螺纹杆的端部设有阻挡端，调节手柄后能够使阻挡端位于气孔内的不同位置从而改变气孔出气量大小。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述手柄包括铰接在壳体上的摆杆，摆杆的端部设有遮挡板，调解手柄后能够使遮挡板遮挡部分气孔，从而改变气孔出气量大小。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述的手柄包括连接在螺纹杆外端上的转盘，在在转盘的边缘还设有用于定位的钢珠和作用在钢珠上的弹簧，在气缸端盖的外侧面设有若干按圆周方向均布的定位孔，所述钢珠在弹簧的作用下抵靠在其中一个定位孔的孔口内。转动转盘，转盘以螺纹杆的轴向为圆心进行转动，由于钢珠在弹簧的作用下抵靠在一个孔口内，转动过程中，钢珠会脱离原先的孔口并沿着轨迹进入到下一个孔口并发出撞击声以提示使用者转动到下一个调节位置并定位住了。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述气缸端盖上设有柱状的安装座，在安装座一端内设有螺纹孔，上述气孔设置在另一端内且该另一端上设有通气孔，所述手柄的螺纹杆通过螺纹连接螺纹孔内，螺纹杆的内端延伸至气孔孔口且位于气孔和通气孔之间，在气缸盖的下半部分还设有与所述通气孔相连通的气路，所述的气路与外界连通。通过这种结构实现与外界的排气和进气，还能够起到防尘的作用。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，气缸端盖上固定连接有安装座，所述气孔设置在安装座内，安装座上还设有和气孔连通的通气孔，所述 通气孔能与外界保持连通，所述气孔活动连接有通气柱，所述通气柱包括通气杆，所述通气杆包括通气孔和与通气孔连通的内气孔，所述通气孔和第一气室相连通，所述通气柱和手柄连接，在手柄调节下，所述内气孔在气孔中移动，气孔内周面与通气孔通过内气孔形成导通或关闭状态。手柄需要转动一定的圈数后使通孔内周面与外气孔形成部分导通状态时才开始改变气动结构与外界通气量，避免了操作人员对手柄无意发生触碰时，导致手柄发生旋转改变阻挡部的位置就能使气动结构和外界连通的情况出现，同时通气杆位于安装座的通孔内，保证了安装座内的密封性，提高打钉枪射钉力调节的精确性。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述的气缸端盖包括内端盖和外端盖，所述的外端盖贴合在内端盖的外侧面上使内端盖和外端盖之间形成上述的通气通道，所述的气路设置在通气通道的下方的。通过这种结构能够使外界气体从第一气缸的下侧往上进入到第一气室内，保持进入的气体洁净。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述的气路包括设置在内端盖外侧面的成圆筒状的固定座，上述的安装座插接在固定座内并且固定座形成密封，在固定座上设有与上述通气孔连通的通气槽，在内端盖外侧面的固定座外还设有若干筋条，所述的筋条之间形成凹腔，在内端盖的外边缘设有与外界连通的孔洞，所述的通气槽、凹腔和孔洞相连通。通过在通气槽和孔洞之间设置容积较大的凹腔，使第一气室排除的高压气体能够形成缓冲，减少噪音。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，在所述内端盖的内侧面分别设有插接在第一气缸的缸体内且密封连接的第一凸部和插接在第二气缸的缸体且密封连接的第二凸部，在第一凸部设有贯穿内端盖的第一通孔，在第二凸部上设有贯穿内端盖的第二通孔，所述外端盖和内端盖之间设有密封圈，所述密封圈将所述第一通孔和第二通孔围在密封圈内且所述外端盖上设有连通第一通孔和第二通孔的凹槽。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述安装座包括与气孔连通的通气环，所述通气环上开设有通气孔，所述通气柱包括螺杆，所述安装座还包括螺纹孔，所述螺杆通过螺纹安装在螺纹孔内，所述通气柱通过凸台和手柄连接，所述通气柱通过螺杆和螺纹孔的相对转动在气孔内移动，气孔通过内气孔与通气环形成导通或关闭状态。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述安装座的端部设有凸边，所述固定座包括与凸边形状相匹配的安装槽，所述与凸边位于安装槽内，所述安装座外壁上还开设有环形槽，所述环形槽和上述通气槽相连通。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，打钉枪还包括外壳，所述外壳上设有固定槽，盖板安装在固定槽的槽口，所述固定槽内设有活动杆，所述活动杆的一端开设有装有弹簧二的弹簧槽，所述弹簧二抵靠在气缸端盖上，所述活动杆的另一端为球型凸台，所述手柄包括连接杆和连接在连接杆外端上的凸台转盘，所述连接杆和凸台连接，所述凸台转盘上开设有与球型凸台形状相匹配的球型凹槽，所述球型凸台穿过固定槽的U型开口并能抵靠在球型凹槽上。
在上述的气动打钉枪中，所述外壳上还设有开口的转动槽，所述凸台转盘在转动槽内转动，所述凸台转盘的端面上还设有与球型凹槽相对应的数字，所述数字间隔的设置在凸台转盘的触摸台上。
与现有技术相比，本气动打钉枪具有以下优点：
1、本气动打钉枪采用在气动结构上设置一个与外界保持连通的气孔进行打钉力的调节，能实现打钉力的调节，而且能够平缓第一活塞在回复时逐渐增大的电机扭矩，使电机运转平稳，保持电机运转的准确，并且由于气孔是一个静止的通气结构，不像弹簧那样进行动态的移动，因此能够长期保持调节的准确性。。
2、本气动打钉枪通过气孔进行排气和补气时，气孔外侧设置气槽、内腔和孔洞等气路，使得排气无噪音，且能够使补气时的无 灰层进入第一气室，保持长期的准确性。
附图说明
图1是本气动打钉枪的剖视结构示意图。
图2是本气动打钉枪的部分立体爆炸结构示意图。
图3是图2中气动打钉枪气缸端盖部分的放大立体结构示意图。
图4是图1中A部分的放大立体结构示意图。
图5是第一活塞进行压缩冲程时气动结构的状态示意结构图。
图6是第一活塞进行压缩冲程完成时气动结构的状态示意结构图。
图7是进行打钉后的气动结构的状态示意图结构图。
图8是第一活塞进行回复冲程时气动结构的状态示意结构图。
图9是第一活塞进行回复冲程结束后气动结构的状态回复到初始状态的示意结构图。
图10是本气动打钉枪实施例二中的部分立体爆炸结构示意图。
图11是图10中气动打钉枪气缸端盖部分的放大立体结构示意图。
图12是本气动打钉枪实施例二中安装座和通气柱的放大立体结构示意图。
图13是实施例二中气缸端盖放大的剖视结构示意图。
图14是本打钉枪实施例二中内气孔和通气孔未导通的剖视结构示意图；
图15是本打钉枪实施例二中内气孔和通气孔部分导通的剖视结构示意图；
图16是本打钉枪实施例二中内气孔和通气孔完全导通的剖视结构示意图；
图17是本打钉枪实施例三的立体结构示意图；
图18是实施例三的爆炸结构示意图；
图19是实施例三中部分结构的分解示意图；
图20是实施例三中部分结构的分解示意图。
图中，1、壳体；2、撞针；3、锁定件；4、第一气缸；41、第一活塞；411、活塞杆；412、曲柄；42、第一气室；5、第二气缸；51、第二活塞；52、第二气室；6、电机；61、齿轮减速器；7、气孔；71、通气孔；8、通气通道；9、气缸端盖；91、内端盖；911、第一凸部；912、第二凸部；913、第一通孔；914、第一通孔；915、密封圈；916、固定座；917、通气槽；918、筋条；919、孔洞；92、外端盖；921、凹槽；922、定位孔；93、气路；94、安装座；941、通气环；942、螺纹孔；943、凸边；944、环形槽；95、凹腔；96、安装槽；10、电池、11、电机控制板；12、按钮；13、钉盒；14、手柄；141、螺纹杆；142、转盘；143、钢珠；144、弹簧；14a、连接杆；14b、凸台转盘；14b1、触摸台；14c、球型凹槽；145、通气柱；145a、进气孔；145b、内气孔；145c、螺杆；145d、凸台；15、外壳；15a、固定槽；15a1、U型开口；15b、转动槽；15b1、开口；16、盖板；17、活动杆；17a、弹簧槽；17b、球型凸台；18、弹簧二。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图以实施例的形式对本发明进一步说明。
实施例一：
如图1所示，一种气动打钉枪，包括壳体1、设置在壳体1上能够往复移动用于打钉的撞针2和所述壳体1上设有能够锁定或松开撞针2的锁定件3，锁定件3具有锁钩，撞针2侧部设有卡槽，在锁定状态时，锁钩卡在卡槽内使撞针2保持锁定状态，不能移动。在壳体1内还设有第一气缸4和第二气缸5，在第一气缸4内设有能够进行压缩冲程和回复冲程的第一活塞41，且第一活塞41划分出第一气缸4内能够用于存储气体的第一气室42，第一活塞41上连接有活塞杆411，在活塞杆411连接曲柄412，设置在壳体1内的电机6与齿轮减速器61连接，齿轮减速器61 的输出轴与曲柄412连接，活塞杆411和曲柄412形成了曲柄连杆结构，将电机6的旋转动力改变为驱动第一活塞41进行直线往复移动的动力。在第二气缸5内设有能够在第一位置和第二位置之间往复移动的第二活塞51，第一位置为撞针2锁定使第二活塞51所在的位置，第二位置为撞针打钉后第二活塞51所在的位置，撞针2固连在第二活塞51上，第二活塞51划分出第二气缸5内的第二气室52，在第一气室42和第二气室52之间通过全封闭的通气通道8相互连通，使第一气室42、通气通道8和第二气室52形成相对于外界封闭的气动结构。壳体1的握持部下端还设有可拆卸的电池10，电池10对电机控制板11供电，在壳体1的握持部下端还设有按钮12，按钮12也与电机控制板11连接，在按下按钮12后，电机控制板11控制电机6，带动第一活塞41进行压缩冲程和回复冲程。在壳体1的前端设有钉盒13，钉盒13内的钉子在弹簧的作用下会自动上升到撞针2前。在第一活塞41完成压缩冲程后，由解锁机构将锁钩从撞针2的卡槽内移出，使撞针2和第二活塞51都处于解锁状态，在第二活塞51在高压的作用下高速移动，带动撞针2撞击撞针2前方的钉子，完成一次打钉动作。之后第一活塞41进行回复冲程，在负压的作用下，将第二活塞51从第一位置来回到第二位置，并有锁钩重新将撞针2锁定，如果往复循环，实现连续打钉。
结合图1，如图2所示，图2是本气动打钉枪的立体爆炸图。第二气缸5位于第一气缸4上方，且第一气缸4和第二气缸5同轴向并列设置，在第一气缸4的缸体端部和第二气缸5的缸体的端部设有能够与第一气缸4的缸体和第二气缸5的缸体形成密封的气缸端盖9，第一气缸4和第二气缸5的端盖是同一个气缸端盖9，安装在第一气缸4和第二气缸5的一侧，从而形成位于同一侧的第一气室42和第二气室52，通气通道8位于气缸端盖9内。气缸端盖9包括内端盖91和外端盖92，内端盖91的内侧面分别设有插接在第一气缸4的 缸体内且密封连接的第一凸部911和插接在第二气缸5的缸体且密封连接的第二凸部912，在第一凸部911设有贯穿内端盖91的第一通孔913，在第二凸部912上设有贯穿内端盖91的第二通孔914，外端盖92和内端盖91之间设有密封圈915，密封圈915将第一通孔913和第二通孔914围在密封圈915内且外端盖92的内侧面上设有连通第一通孔913和第二通孔的194的凹槽921。通过这种结构，外端盖92贴合在内端盖的外侧面上并通过螺栓固定在第一气缸4的缸体和第二气缸5的缸体上，内端盖91和外端盖92固定贴合后使内端盖91和外端盖92之间形成上述的通气通道8。
如图3和图4所示，气缸端盖9上设有与通气通道8连通的单个气孔7，气孔7的孔径为0.5～5mm，在壳体1上设有能够调节气孔7与外界通气量的手柄14，手柄14包括螺纹杆141，螺纹杆141与气缸端盖9通过螺纹连接，在螺纹杆141的内端为阻挡端，调节手柄后能够使阻挡端位于气孔7内的不同位置从而改变气孔7出气量大小。作为可替换的结构，可以将气孔7设置在第一气缸4的缸体上或者第二气缸5的缸体上，且气孔7与第一气室42或者第二气室52相连通，气孔7的数量也可以替换为多个，多个气孔的总通气量与单个孔径为0.5～5mm的气孔相同或者相近。为增加强度，气缸端盖9的内端盖91和外端盖92上设有柱状的由金属铜等材料制成的安装座94，安装座94嵌入在塑料制成的气缸端盖9内，在安装座94一端内设有螺纹孔，气孔7设置在另一端内且该另一端上设有进气孔145a，手柄14的螺纹杆141通过螺纹连接螺纹孔内，螺纹杆141的内端延伸至气孔7孔口且位于气孔7和进气孔145a之间。手柄14包括连接在螺纹杆141外端上的转盘142，在转盘142的边缘还设有用于定位的钢珠143和作用在钢珠143上的弹簧144，在气缸端盖9的外侧面设有若干按圆周方向均布的定位孔922，钢珠143在弹簧144的作用下抵靠在其中一个定位孔922的孔口内。转动转盘，转盘142以螺纹杆141的轴向为圆心进行转动，由于钢珠143在弹簧 144的作用下抵靠在一个孔口内，转动过程中，钢珠143会脱离原先的孔口并沿着轨迹进入到下一个孔口并发出撞击声以提示使用者转动到下一个调节位置并定位住了。
气孔7通过设置在气缸端盖9内的气路93使气动结构与外界保持连通，气路93设置在在气缸端盖9的下半部分且位于通气通道8的下方的。具体来说：气路93包括设置在内端盖91外侧面的成圆筒状的固定座916，安装座94插接在固定座916内并且与固定座916形成密封，在固定座916上设有与进气孔145a连通的通气槽917，在内端盖91外侧面的固定座916外还设有若干筋条918，筋条918之间形成凹腔95，在内端盖91的外边缘设有与外界连通的孔洞919，所述的通气槽917、凹腔95和孔洞919相连通。
本发明的工作过程如图5-图9所示，第一气室42、通气通道8和第二气室52形成气动结构，图1所示的第一活塞41和第二活塞51所在的位置为初始状态，预先调整好手柄14时气动结构上的气孔7保持与外界确定的通气量，第二活塞51位于第一位置，即第一活塞51收缩在第二气缸5的底部，具有锁钩的锁定件3将撞针2锁定。
如图5所示，第一活塞41进行压缩冲程，使第一气缸4内的气体压缩而产生高压气体，进而使整个气动结构内形成高压状态，由于气孔7通过气路93与外界保持连通，部分高压气体通过通气槽917、凹腔95和孔洞919排出部分高压气体到外界，使实际高压气体的压力值小于第一活塞41预定行程所产生的压力值，以实现打钉力的调节.
如图6和7所示，所示，第一活塞41完成压缩冲程后，由解锁机构将锁钩从撞针2的卡槽内移出，锁定件3处于松开状态，撞针2和第二活塞51都处于解锁状态，在第二活塞51在高压的作用下高速移动，带动撞针2撞击撞针2前方的钉子，完成一次打钉动作，此时，第二活塞51处于第二位置。
如图8所示，第一活塞41进行回复冲程，由于第一气室42、通 气通路8和第二气室52形成的气动结构除了气孔7外都是封闭的，在回复冲程中，第一气室42相对于第二气室52产生负压，第二气缸5内的第二活塞51向第一位置移动。在回复过程中，气孔7与外界保持连通，第一气室42的压力也小于大气压力，使第一气室42通过通气槽917、凹腔95和孔洞919预先充入部分气体，提前补充第一气室42所需的气体。因为气孔与手柄配合后外界大气只有一定的量进入到第一气室42内，不足以影响第一气室42相对于第二气室52产生的负压，并且能够平缓第一活塞41在回复时逐渐增大的电机6扭矩，使电机6运转平稳，保持电机6运转的准确。
如图9所示，在第一活塞41回复到初始位置时，第二活塞51在负压作用下也回复到第一位置，并由锁定件3重新对撞针进行锁定，完成一次打钉循环。
实施例二：
如图10至图13所示，实施例二与实施例一的结构基本相同，区别在于，实施例二的打钉枪中安装座94和固定座916为另一种结构，安装座94包括凸边943，凸边943为六边形结构，凸边943安装在内端盖91的安装槽96中，安装座94包括气孔7，气孔7和通气环941相连通，通气环941上开设有通气孔71，通气孔71与进气孔145a相连通，安装座94外壁上开设有环形槽944。本实施例中，内端盖91上还设有另一种结构的通气槽917，环形槽944和通气槽917相连通。
通气柱145位于安装座94内，通气柱145包括通气杆，通气杆上设有进气孔145a和与进气孔145a连通的内气孔145b，进气孔145a和第一气室42相连通。通气柱145上设有螺杆145c，安装座94还设有螺纹孔942，螺杆145c通过螺纹安装在螺纹孔942内，通气柱145通过凸台145d和手柄14连接，手柄14转动时，螺杆145c和螺纹孔942发生相对转动，通气柱145在气孔7内移 动。
本实施例的工作原理如图13-图16所示，具体如下，打钉枪的射钉力调节通过手柄14调节改变气动结构与外界大气的通气量来改变的，通气量调节主要是通过改变内气孔145b和通气环941的重合程度来决定的；如图14所示，打钉枪初始状态时，第一气室42内的气体扩散到通气柱145的进气孔145a内，由于此时内气孔145b位于气孔7内，内气孔145b和通气环941完全错开，气动结构和外界大气保持隔绝状态，第一气缸4内的活塞压缩冲程完成后，此时第一气室42内实际高压气体的压力值等于第一活塞41预定行程所产生的压力值；如图15所示，当调整手柄14时，通气柱145在安装座94中转动，通气杆上的内气孔145b和通气环941部分重合时，气动结构中的气体通过进气孔145a、内气孔145b、通气环941和通气孔71与外界大气连通，此时第一气室42内实际高压气体的压力值小于第一活塞41预定行程所产生的压力值；如图16所示，当通过手柄14调节使的内气孔145b和通气环941完全重合时，此时第一气室42内实际高压气体的压力值小于第一活塞41预定行程所产生的压力值；本实施例中，手柄14需要转动一定的圈数后使内气孔145b和通气环941部分对准时才开始改变气动结构与外界通气量，避免了操作人员对手柄14无意发生触碰时，导致手柄14发生旋转改变阻挡部的位置就能使气动结构和外界连通的情况出现，同时通气杆位于安装座94的气孔7内，保证了安装座94内的密封性，提高打钉枪射钉力调节的精确性。
实施例三：
如图17至图20所示，实施例二与实施例一的结构大致相同，其区别在于，凸台145d采用如图19结构所示，手柄14包括和凸台145d连接的连接杆14a与连接在连接杆14a外端上的凸台转盘 14b，打钉枪的外壳15上设有固定槽15a，盖板16安装在固定槽15a的槽口，固定槽15a内设有活动杆17，活动杆17的一端开设有弹簧槽17a，弹簧槽17a装有弹簧二18，弹簧二18抵靠在气缸端盖7上，活动杆17的另一端为球型凸台17b，凸台转盘14b上开设有与球型凸台17b形状相匹配的球型凹14c槽，球型凸台17b穿过固定槽15a的U型开口15a1并能抵靠在球型凹槽14c内，外壳上15还设有转动槽15b，凸台转盘14b在转动槽15b内转动，凸台转盘14b的端面上还设有与球型凹槽14c相对应的数字，这里的相对于指的是每个数字代表一个球型凹槽14c，数字间隔的设置在凸台转盘14c的触摸台14b1上，转动槽15b设有开口15b1，调节凸台转盘14b时，使用者通过开口15b1放置在触摸台14b1上使凸台转盘14c转动，凸台转盘14c上还设有转动标识，用于提示转动的方向。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。
尽管本文较多地使用了壳体、撞针、曲柄、第一气缸等术语，但并不排除使用其它术语的可能性。使用这些术语仅仅是为了更方便地描述和解释本发明的本质；把它们解释成任何一种附加的限制都是与本发明精神相违背的。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，包括壳体(1)和设置在壳体(1)上能够往复移动用于打钉的撞针(2)，所述壳体(1)上设有能够锁定或松开撞针(2)的锁定件(3)，在壳体(1)内还设有第一气缸(4)和第二气缸(5)，在第一气缸(4)内设有能够进行压缩冲程和回复冲程的第一活塞(41)，且第一活塞(41)划分出第一气缸(4)内能够用于存储气体的第一气室(42)，所述的第一活塞(41)由电机(6)驱动进行直线往复移动，在第二气缸(5)内设有能够在第一位置和第二位置之间往复移动的第二活塞(51)，上述的撞针(2)固连在第二活塞(51)上，所述第二活塞(51)划分出第二气缸(5)内的第二气室(52)，在第一气室(42)和第二气室(52)之间通过通气通道(8)相互连通，使第一气室(42)、通气通道(8)和第二气室(52)形成相对于外界封闭的气动结构，其特征在于，在所述气动结构上设有能够使气动结构与外界保持连通的气孔(7)，在壳体(1)上设有能够调节气孔(7)与外界通气量的手柄(14)，在第二活塞(51)位于第一位置且锁定件(3)锁定撞针(2)时，第一活塞(41)进行压缩冲程使第一气室(42)内的气体压缩，且通过气孔(7)排出部分压缩气体到外界，在第二活塞(51)位于第二位置且锁定件(3)松开撞针(2)时，第一活塞(41)进行回复冲程使第二活塞(51)回复到第一位置并由锁定件(3)锁定，且通过气孔(7)吸入部分外界气体于气动结构中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述的第二气缸(5)同轴向并列位于第一气缸(4)外，在第一气缸(4)的缸体端部和第二气缸(5)的缸体端部设有能够与第一气缸(4)的缸体和第二气缸(5)的缸体形成密封的气缸端盖(9)，上述的通气通道(8)位于气缸端盖(9)内，上述的气孔(7)设置气缸端盖(9)上或者第一气缸(4)的缸体上或者第二气缸(5)的缸体上，所述的气孔(7)与所述的通气通道(8)连 通或者与第一气室(42)或者第二气室(52)相连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述的气孔(7)为单个，孔径为0.5～5mm或者所述的气孔(7)为多个。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述的手柄(14)包括螺纹杆(141)，螺纹杆(141)与气缸端盖(9)通过螺纹连接，在螺纹杆(141)的内端为阻挡端，调节手柄(14)后能够使阻挡端位于不同位置并阻挡气孔(7)，从而改变气孔(7)出气量大小。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述手柄(14)包括铰接在壳体(1)上的摆杆，摆杆的端部设有遮挡板，调解手柄(14)后能够使遮挡板遮挡部分气孔(7)，从而改变气孔(7)出气量大小。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述的手柄(14)包括固连在螺纹杆(141)外端上的转盘(142)，在转盘(142)上还设有用于定位的钢珠(143)和作用在钢珠(143)上的弹簧(144)，在气缸端盖(9)的外侧面设有若干按圆周方向均布的定位孔(922)，所述钢珠(143)在弹簧(144)的作用下抵靠在其中一个定位孔(922)的孔口内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述气缸端盖(9)上设有柱状的安装座(94)，在安装座(94)一端内设有螺纹孔，上述气孔(7)设置在另一端内且该另一端上设有通气孔(71)，所述手柄(14)的螺纹杆(141)通过螺纹连接螺纹孔内，螺纹杆(141)的内端延伸至气孔(7)孔口且位于气孔(7)和通气孔(71)之间，在气缸端盖(9)的下半部分还设有与所述通气孔(71)相连通的气路(93)，所述的气路(93)与外界连通。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，气缸端盖(9)上固定连接有安装座(94)，所述气孔(7)设置在安装座(94)内，安装座(94)上还设有和气孔连通的通气孔(71)，所述通气孔(71)能与外界保持连通，所述气孔(7)活动连接有通气柱(145)，所述通气柱(145)包括通气杆，所述通气杆包括进气孔(145a)和与进气孔(145a)连通的内气孔(145b)，所述进气孔(145a)和第一气室(42)相连通，所述通气柱(145)和手柄(14)连接，在手柄(14)调节下，所述内气孔(145b)在气孔(7)中移动，气孔(7)内周面与通气孔(71)通过内气孔(145b)形成导通或关闭状态。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述的气缸端盖(9)包括内端盖(91)和外端盖(92)，所述的外端盖(92)贴合在内端盖(91)的外侧面上使内端盖(91)和外端盖(92)之间形成上述的通气通道(8)，所述的气路(93)设置在通气通道(8)的下方的。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述的气路(93)包括设置在内端盖(91)外侧面的成圆筒状的固定座(916)，上述的安装座(94)插接在固定座(916)内并且与固定座(916)形成密封，在固定座(916)上设有与上述通气孔(71)连通的通气槽(917)，在内端盖(91)外侧面的固定座(916)外还设有若干筋条(918)，所述的筋条(918)之间形成凹腔(95)，在内端盖(91)的外边缘设有与外界连通的孔洞(919)，所述的通气槽(917)、凹腔(95)和孔洞(919)相连通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，在所述内端盖(91)的内侧面分别设有插接在第一气缸(4)的缸体内且密封连接的第一凸部(911)和插接在第二气缸(5)的缸体且密封连接的第二凸部(912)，在第一凸部(911)设有贯穿 内端盖(91)的第一通孔(913)，在第二凸部(912)上设有贯穿内端盖(91)的第二通孔(914)，所述外端盖(92)和内端盖(91)之间设有密封圈(915)，所述密封圈(915)将所述第一通孔(913)和第二通孔(914)围在密封圈(915)内且所述外端盖(92)上设有连通第一通孔(913)和第二通孔(914)的凹槽(921)。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述安装座(94)包括与气孔(7)连通的通气环(941)，所述通气环(941)上开设有通气孔(71)，所述通气柱(145)包括螺杆(145c)，所述安装座(94)还包括螺纹孔(942)，所述螺杆(145c)通过螺纹安装在螺纹孔(942)内，所述通气柱(145)通过凸台(145d)和手柄连接，所述通气柱(145)通过螺杆(145c)和螺纹孔(942)的相对转动在气孔(7)内移动，气孔(7)通过内气孔(145b)与通气环(941)形成导通或关闭状态。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述安装座(94)的端部设有凸边(943)，所述固定座(916)包括与凸边(943)形状相匹配的安装槽(96)，所述与凸边(943)位于安装槽(96)内，所述安装座(94)外壁上还开设有环形槽(944)，所述环形槽(944)和上述通气槽(917)相连通。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，打钉枪还包括外壳(15)，所述外壳(15)上设有固定槽(15a)，盖板(16)安装在固定槽(15a)的槽口，所述固定槽(15a)内设有活动杆(17)，所述活动杆(17)的一端开设有装有弹簧二(18)的弹簧槽(17a)，所述弹簧二(18)抵靠在气缸端盖(9)上，所述活动杆(17)的另一端为球型凸台(17b)，所述手柄(14)包括连接杆(14a)和连接在连接杆(14a)外端上的凸台转盘(14b)，所述连接杆(14a)和凸台(145d)连接，所述凸台转盘(14b)上开设有与球型凸台(17b)形状相匹配的球 型凹槽(14c)，所述球型凸台(17b)穿过固定槽(15a)的U型开口(15a1)并能抵靠在球型凹槽(14c)上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪，其特征在于，所述外壳(15)上还设有开口(15b1)的转动槽(15b)，所述凸台转盘(14b)在转动槽(15b)内转动，所述凸台转盘(14b)的端面上还设有与球型凹槽(14c)相对应的数字，所述数字间隔的设置在凸台转盘(14b)的触摸台(14b1)上。
PCT/CN2022/072211 2021-02-02 2022-01-17 一种打钉力可调节的气动打钉枪 WO2022166564A1 (zh)

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