WO2022156827A1 - 大蒜素类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

大蒜素类衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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WO2022156827A1
WO2022156827A1 PCT/CN2022/080576 CN2022080576W WO2022156827A1 WO 2022156827 A1 WO2022156827 A1 WO 2022156827A1 CN 2022080576 W CN2022080576 W CN 2022080576W WO 2022156827 A1 WO2022156827 A1 WO 2022156827A1
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allicin
synthesizing
allicin derivatives
derivatives according
fusarium
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PCT/CN2022/080576
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French (fr)
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何其明
李真真
陈庭倬
杨羚羚
廖立群
王周玉
贺小龙
杭林枫
任丹
潘文娟
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成都新朝阳作物科学股份有限公司
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C333/00Derivatives of thiocarbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C333/14Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • C07C333/30Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof having sulfur atoms of dithiocarbamic groups bound to other sulfur atoms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01NPRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/26Oxidation products of dithiocarbamic acid derivatives, e.g. thiuram sulfides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01PBIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
    • A01P3/00Fungicides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C333/00Derivatives of thiocarbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C333/14Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C333/00Derivatives of thiocarbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C333/14Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • C07C333/16Salts of dithiocarbamic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C333/00Derivatives of thiocarbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C333/14Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • C07C333/30Dithiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof having sulfur atoms of dithiocarbamic groups bound to other sulfur atoms
    • C07C333/32Thiuramsulfides; Thiurampolysulfides
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D205/00Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D205/02Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
    • C07D205/04Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D207/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D207/46Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D207/48Sulfur atoms

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  • the invention relates to allicin derivatives, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of antibacterial drugs.
  • allicin has various medical and health care effects, and it has different degrees of inhibition and killing effects on various bacteria, viruses, fungi and other pathogenic microorganisms and tumors.
  • Pharmacological activities such as lowering blood lipid, lowering blood sugar, improving immunity and anti-oxidation.
  • allicin is mainly used clinically as an antibacterial drug, and has the reputation of a natural broad-spectrum antibiotic, which is suitable for bacterial infections and deep fungal infections.
  • allicin has shortcomings such as strong irritation and poor stability, which greatly limits its popularization and application.
  • the first object of the present invention is to provide a novel allicin derivative.
  • R 1 and R 2 are respectively an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbons, a cycloalkyl group, a naphthalene ring, a phenyl group or an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
  • R1 and R2 can be the same group or different groups, and R1 and R2 can also form a ring as shown below:
  • the R 1 is phenyl
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for synthesizing the above allicin derivatives.
  • the method includes:
  • the R 3 is H or The R 4 is H or
  • the reaction temperature of the synthesis is 0-80°C; the and The molar ratio is preferably: 0.5-1:1-10; more preferably 1:1-1.5.
  • the R 1 and R 2 are respectively methyl, and R 3 is The R 4 is H, preferably dimethylformamide is also used as a solvent.
  • the R 1 is phenyl
  • R 2 is methyl
  • the R 3 is H
  • the R 4 is
  • the synthetic methods include:
  • the solvent is preferably toluene
  • the reaction molar ratio of the diallyl disulfide and N-bromosuccinimide is preferably 1:0.5-5; more preferably 1:0.8-1.5;
  • said The synthetic method is preferably:
  • the pH of the alkali is preferably 8-12.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above allicin derivative or the allicin derivative prepared by the above method in the preparation of a fungicide.
  • the bacteria include: including bacteria and fungi; preferably fungi.
  • the bacteria include at least one of Flagellate, Ascomycota, and Deuteromycota; preferably, the Flagellate is Oomycete; At least one of Sclerotinia, Coelomycetes, or Trichomycetes; Deuteromycota is at least one of Cyclospora and Coelomycetes;
  • the bacteria include Phytophthora spinosum, Phyllosticta sp., Phytophthora citricola, Fusariun solani (Mart. ) Sacc.), Phytophthora capsici, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Mycovellosiella pyricola, Valsa ceratosperma, Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kurib.
  • Botrytis cinerea cowpea fruit Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr cucumber fruit), Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea grape ear), Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea tomato fruit), Botrytis aclada Fresen Allii Munn, Botrytis cinerea Spore (Botrytis cinerea strawberry fruit), Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea melon fruit), Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Hiveum (E.F.Smith) Wollen., Fusarium graminearum wheat leaves), Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum strawberry fruit), Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum, Fus
  • a novel allicin derivative provided by the present invention can be used for the bacteria that are resistant to existing fungicides.
  • the new allicin derivative of the present invention has strong antibacterial activity and wider antibacterial spectrum, and can achieve better effects than the existing kinda or allicin for certain pathogens.
  • the synthesis method of the present invention has simple operation and mild reaction conditions, is suitable for industrial production requirements, and can be used for preparing agricultural fungicides.
  • Fig. 6 is embodiment 6 test result
  • Fig. 7 is the test result of embodiment 7
  • Fig. 8 is the test result of embodiment 8.
  • Fig. 9 is the test result of embodiment 9
  • Fig. 10 is the test result of embodiment 10
  • Fig. 11 is the test result of embodiment 11
  • Figure 12 is the test result of Example 12.
  • R 1 and R 2 are respectively an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbons, a cycloalkyl group, a naphthalene ring, a phenyl group or an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
  • R1 and R2 can be the same group or different groups, and R1 and R2 can also form a ring as shown below:
  • the R 1 is phenyl
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for synthesizing the above allicin derivatives.
  • the method includes:
  • the R 3 is H or The R 4 is H or
  • the reaction temperature of the synthesis is 0-80°C; the and The molar ratio is preferably: 0.5-1:1-10; more preferably 1:1-1.5.
  • the R 1 and R 2 are respectively methyl, and R 3 is The R 4 is H, preferably dimethylformamide is also used as a solvent.
  • the R 1 is phenyl
  • R 2 is methyl
  • the R 3 is H
  • the R 4 is
  • the synthetic methods include:
  • the solvent is preferably toluene
  • the reaction molar ratio of the diallyl disulfide and N-bromosuccinimide is preferably 1:0.5-5; more preferably 1:0.8-1.5;
  • said The synthetic method is preferably:
  • the pH of the alkali is preferably 8-12.
  • the pH can be maintained using sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and the like. Properly formulated solution concentrations can be within this pH range.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above allicin derivative or the allicin derivative prepared by the above method in the preparation of a fungicide.
  • the bacteria include: including bacteria and fungi; preferably fungi.
  • the bacteria include at least one of Flagellate, Ascomycota, and Deuteromycota; preferably, the Flagellate is Oomycete; At least one of Sclerotinia, Coelomycetes, or Trichomycetes; Deuteromycota is at least one of Cyclospora and Coelomycetes;
  • the bacteria include Phytophthora spinosum, Phyllosticta sp., Phytophthora citricola, Fusariun solani (Mart. ) Sacc.), Phytophthora capsici, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Mycovellosiella pyricola, Valsa ceratosperma, Cochliobolus sativus (Ito & Kurib.
  • Botrytis cinerea cowpea fruit Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr cucumber fruit), Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea grape ear), Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea tomato fruit), Botrytis aclada Fresen Allii Munn, Botrytis cinerea Spore (Botrytis cinerea strawberry fruit), Botrytis cinerea (Botrytis cinerea melon fruit), Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Hiveum (E.F.Smith) Wollen., Fusarium graminearum wheat leaves), Fusarium graminearum (Fusarium graminearum strawberry fruit), Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum, Fus
  • step (1) Use a hole puncher to punch holes in concentric circles in the culture medium that has been successfully activated in step (1). Then inoculate it into the center of the medium and place it upside down in an incubator for cultivation. When the blank mycelium grows to cover 2/3 of the plate or the two bacterial circles grow to close contact, the diameter of the colony is measured by the cross method, the average diameter is calculated, and the control effect of the agent is calculated.
  • Example 6 Using the same method as Example 6, the further dilution of Allicin-1 prepared in Example 1 and the antibacterial activities of allicin and Jianda were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 2 and Figure 7.
  • Example 6 Using the same test method as Example 6, the effects of Allicin-1 prepared in Example 1 diluted 2000 times and Jianda diluted 3000 times on different bacteria were determined. The test results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 8. Since all the strains of Botrytis cinerea and Fusarium graminearum were sampled and isolated in our laboratory, there are some differences in the pathogenicity of the strains, and the different locations of the strains on different plants are marked in the remarks. Previous laboratory results confirmed that the chemical agent Kinda had better antibacterial effect than allicin, so the derivative Allicin-1 was compared directly with the chemical agent.
  • strain 1 in Table 3 is Phytophthora spinosum
  • strain 2 is Alternaria mali
  • the strain 3 is Phyllosticta sp.
  • strain 4 is Vitis vinifera Spore (Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr. tomato fruit) (the strain was purchased from Mingzhou Biological Company)
  • strain 5 is Colletotrichum acutatum
  • strain 6 is Fusarium oxysporum
  • strain 6 is Fusarium oxysporum.
  • Species 7 are Fusarium graminearum
  • strain 8 is Botrytis cinerea melon fruit
  • strain 9 is Bipolaris sorokiniana
  • strain 10 is leaf spot- Pseudocercospora schizolobii
  • strain 11 is Fusarium oxysporum
  • strain 12 is Valsa mali
  • strain 13 is Botrytis squamosa Walker
  • strain 14 is Botryoshaeria dothidea
  • strain 15 is Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr cucumber fruit
  • strain 16 is Phytophthora capsici
  • strain 17 is Botrytis cinerea grape ear
  • strain 18 is Rhizoctonia cerealis
  • strain 19 is Botrytis cinerea (tomato fruit of Botrytis cinerea) (this strain is the laboratory in Meishan Qingshen tomato) Plantation isolation)
  • strain 20 is Fusarium moniliforme
  • strain 21 is Phytophthora citricola
  • strain 22 is Colleto
  • Example 6 Using the same test method as Example 6, the Allicin-1-B prepared in Example 2 was diluted 2000 times and the effect of Jianda on different pathogens was determined. The antibacterial effect of other derivatives is not as obvious as that of Allicin-1. In the test, allicin was added as a control to compare the antibacterial effect. The test results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 9.
  • Example 6 Using the same test method as Example 6, the Allicin-3 prepared in Example 3 was diluted 2000 times and the effect of Jianda on different bacteria was determined. The test results are shown in Table 5 and Figure 10.
  • Example 6 Using the same test method as in Example 6, the effects of Allicin-17 prepared in Example 4 diluted 2000 times and Jianda on different bacteria were determined. The test results are shown in Table 6 and Figure 11.
  • Example 6 Using the same test method as Example 6, the Allicin-18 prepared in Example 5 was diluted 2000 times and the effect of Jianda on different pathogens was determined. The test results are shown in Table 7 and Figure 12.
  • the allicin derivatives of the present invention have the advantages of strong antibacterial activity and wider antibacterial spectrum, and can be used to prepare antibacterial agents; and the synthesis method of the present invention has the advantages of mild conditions and simple operation.

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Abstract

涉及结构如式I所示的大蒜素类衍生物及其制备方法和应用,其中,R 1、R 2分别为1~4个碳的烷基、环烷基、萘环、苯基或芳杂环。对现有杀菌剂产生耐药性的病菌,可以采用所述大蒜素衍生物。所述大蒜素衍生物抗菌活性强,抗菌谱更广,针对某些病菌,能达到比现有的健达或大蒜素更好的效果。其合成方法操作简单,反应条件温和,适合工业化生产要求,可用于制备农用杀菌剂。

Description

大蒜素类衍生物及其制备方法和应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年01月21日提交的中国专利申请CN 2021100821569和2022年01月07日提交的中国专利申请CN2022100173109的权益和优先权,并且在此全文引用该申请以作参考以及其它全部用途。
技术领域
本发明涉及大蒜素类衍生物及其制备方法和应用,属于抗菌药物技术领域。
背景技术
大蒜(Alliiridum)是中国传统的食药两用植物,大蒜素是从大蒜球茎中提取分离得到的有效成分,结构式为CH 2=CH-CH 2-S-S-S-CH 2-CH=CH 2或CH 2=CH-CH 2-SO-S-CH 2-CH=CH 2,化学名称分别为二烯丙基三硫醚和二烯丙基二硫醚。
科学研究结果表明,大蒜素具有多方面的医疗和保健作用,其对多种细菌、病毒、真菌等病原微生物及肿瘤等都有不同程度的抑制和杀灭作用,另外,它还有降血压、降血脂、降血糖、提高机体免疫力和抗氧化等药理活性。目前,大蒜素在临床上主要作为抗菌药物使用,有天然广谱抗生素之誉,适用于细菌感染和深部真菌感染。但是,大蒜素存在刺激性强和稳定性差等缺点,使其推广应用受到很大限制。
目前,国内外学者主要通过包埋法、微波超声法等物理方法来降低大蒜素的刺激性,但是这些方法不能从根本上解决问题,而且有可能降低大蒜素的药理活性。其中,β-环糊精包合法是公认较好的方法,但也存在包封率不高、效果不理想、成本较高等问题。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种新的大蒜素衍生物。
为达到本发明的第一个目的,所述的大蒜素类衍生物,的结构如式I所示:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000001
其中,所述R 1、R 2分别为1~4个碳的烷基、环烷基、萘环、苯基或芳杂环。
R1和R2可以为一样的基团,也可以为不同的基团,R1和R2还可以组成如下所示的环:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000002
在一种具体实施方式中,所述R 1为苯基。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种上述大蒜素衍生物的合成方法。
为达到本发明的第二个目的,所述方法包括:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000003
所述R 3为H或
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000004
所述R 4为H或
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000005
在一种具体实施方式中,所述合成的反应温度为0~80℃;所述
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000007
的摩尔比优选为:0.5~1:1~10;更优选为1:1~1.5。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述R 1和R 2分别为甲基,R 3
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000008
所述R 4为H,优选还采用二甲基甲酰胺作为溶剂。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述R 1为苯基,R 2为甲基,所述R 3为H,所述R 4
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000009
在一种具体实施方式中,所述
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000010
的合成方法包括:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000011
其中,所述溶剂优选为 甲苯;
所述二烯丙基二硫和N-溴带丁二酰亚胺的反应摩尔比优选为1:0.5~5;更优选为1:0.8~1.5;
所述
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000012
的合成方法优选为:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000013
所述碱性的pH优选为8~12。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种上述大蒜素衍生物或上述的方法制备得到的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述菌包括:包括细菌和真菌;优选为真菌。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述菌包括鞭毛菌亚门、子囊菌亚门、半知菌亚门中的至少一种;优选所述鞭毛菌亚门为卵菌纲;子囊菌亚门的核菌纲、腔菌纲或盘菌纲中的至少一种;半知菌亚门为丝孢纲、腔孢纲中的至少一种;
在一种具体实施方式中,所述菌包括刺腐霉菌(Phytophthora spinosum),叶点霉菌(Phyllosticta sp.),柑桔生疫霉(Phytophthora citricola),茄病镰孢菌(Fusariun solani(Mart.)Sacc.),辣椒疫霉(Phytophthora capsici),核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum),梨生菌绒孢(Mycovellosiella pyricola),苹果树腐烂病菌(Valsa ceratosperma),禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus(Ito&Kurib.)Drechsler),围小丛壳菌(Glomerella cingulata),甘薯长喙壳(Ceratocystis fimbriata),葱鳞葡萄孢(Botrytis squamosa Walker),葡萄座腔菌(Botryoshaeria dothidea),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea豇豆果实),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr黄瓜果实),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea葡萄果穗),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea番茄果实),葱腐葡萄孢(Botrytis aclada Fresen Allii Munn),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea草莓果实),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea甜瓜果实),尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Hiveum(E.F.Smith)Wollen.),禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum小麦叶片),禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum草莓果实),棉花枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum),尖孢镰刀菌草莓专化型(Fusarium oxysporum Schl.f.sp.Fragariae),尖孢镰刀葫芦专化型(Fusarium oxysporum Schl.f.sp.tracheiphilium(E.F.Smith)Snyd.et Hans),尖镰孢菌辣椒专化型(Fusariumoxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum(Atk.)Synder et Hansen),番茄尖镰孢菌番茄专化 型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici Snyder et Hansen),尖孢镰刀菌合欢专化型(Fusarium oxysporwm schl.f.sp.perndiosium),尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum),胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penz.),平头炭疽菌(Colletotrichum truncatum),尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),尖孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum),禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis),串珠镰孢(Fusarium moniliforme),立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani),禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum),麦根腐平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris sorokiniana),叶斑病-假尾孢(Pseudocercospora schizolobii),蔷蔽放线孢(Actinonema rosae(Lib.)Fr.),苹果链格孢(Alternaria mali),甜樱间座壳(Diaporthe eres),苹果黑腐皮壳(Valsa mali),多主棒孢霉菌(Corynespora cassiicola),致病疫霉中的至少一种的病菌中的至少一种。
有益效果:
1.本发明提供的一种新的大蒜素衍生物,对于现有杀菌剂产生耐药性的病菌,可以采用本发明的新的大蒜素衍生物。
2.此外,本发明的新的大蒜素衍生物抗菌活性强,抗菌谱更广,针对某些病菌,能达到比现有的健达或大蒜素更好的效果。
3.本发明的合成方法操作简单,反应条件温和,适合工业化生产要求,可用于制备农用杀菌剂。
附图说明
图1实施例1制备得到的烯丙基二甲基氨基甲酸(二硫氧基)硫酯的核磁图谱;
图2实施例2制备得到的3-(烯丙基硫代)丙基二甲基氨基甲酸(二硫氧基)硫代酯的核磁图谱;
图3实施例3制备得到的烯丙基甲基(苯基)氨基甲酸酯(二硫代过氧)核磁图谱;
图4实施例4制备得到的烯丙基乙基(苯基)氨基甲酸(二硫代过氧)硫代酸酯核磁图谱;
图5实施例5制备得到的烯丙基氮杂环丁烷-1-硫代碳(二硫代过氧)酸盐核磁图谱;
图6为实施例6测试结果;
图7为实施例7测试结果;
图8为实施例8测试结果;
图9为实施例9测试结果;
图10为实施例10测试结果;
图11为实施例11测试结果;
图12为实施例12测试结果。
具体实施方式
为达到本发明的第一个目的,所述的大蒜素类衍生物,的结构如式I所示:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000014
其中,所述R 1、R 2分别为1~4个碳的烷基、环烷基、萘环、苯基或芳杂环。
R1和R2可以为一样的基团,也可以为不同的基团,R1和R2还可以组成如下所示的环:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000015
在一种具体实施方式中,所述R 1为苯基。
本发明的第二个目的是提供一种上述大蒜素衍生物的合成方法。
为达到本发明的第二个目的,所述方法包括:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000016
所述R 3为H或
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000017
所述R 4为H或
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000018
在一种具体实施方式中,所述合成的反应温度为0~80℃;所述
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000020
的摩尔比优选为:0.5~1:1~10;更优选为1:1~1.5。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述R 1和R 2分别为甲基,R 3
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000021
所述R 4为H,优选还采用二甲基甲酰胺作为溶剂。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述R 1为苯基,R 2为甲基,所述R 3为H,所述R 4
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000022
在一种具体实施方式中,所述
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000023
的合成方法包括:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000024
其中,所述溶剂优选为甲苯;
所述二烯丙基二硫和N-溴带丁二酰亚胺的反应摩尔比优选为1:0.5~5;更优选为1:0.8~1.5;
所述
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000025
的合成方法优选为:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000026
所述碱性的pH优选为8~12。
可以采用碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸氢钾、碳酸氢钠等维持pH。溶液浓度配制得当可以在这个pH值范围内。
本发明的第三个目的是提供一种上述大蒜素衍生物或上述的方法制备得到的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述菌包括:包括细菌和真菌;优选为真菌。
在一种具体实施方式中,所述菌包括鞭毛菌亚门、子囊菌亚门、半知菌亚门中的至少一种;优选所述鞭毛菌亚门为卵菌纲;子囊菌亚门的核菌纲、腔菌纲或盘菌纲中的至少一种;半知菌亚门为丝孢纲、腔孢纲中的至少一种;
在一种具体实施方式中,所述菌包括刺腐霉菌(Phytophthora spinosum),叶点霉菌(Phyllosticta sp.),柑桔生疫霉(Phytophthora citricola),茄病镰孢菌(Fusariun solani(Mart.)Sacc.),辣椒疫霉(Phytophthora capsici),核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum), 梨生菌绒孢(Mycovellosiella pyricola),苹果树腐烂病菌(Valsa ceratosperma),禾旋孢腔菌(Cochliobolus sativus(Ito&Kurib.)Drechsler),围小丛壳菌(Glomerella cingulata),甘薯长喙壳(Ceratocystis fimbriata),葱鳞葡萄孢(Botrytis squamosa Walker),葡萄座腔菌(Botryoshaeria dothidea),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea豇豆果实),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr黄瓜果实),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea葡萄果穗),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea番茄果实),葱腐葡萄孢(Botrytis aclada Fresen Allii Munn),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea草莓果实),灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea甜瓜果实),尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.Hiveum(E.F.Smith)Wollen.),禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum小麦叶片),禾谷镰孢菌(Fusarium graminearum草莓果实),棉花枯萎病菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum),尖孢镰刀菌草莓专化型(Fusarium oxysporum Schl.f.sp.Fragariae),尖孢镰刀葫芦专化型(Fusarium oxysporum Schl.f.sp.tracheiphilium(E.F.Smith)Snyd.et Hans),尖镰孢菌辣椒专化型(Fusariumoxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum(Atk.)Synder et Hansen),番茄尖镰孢菌番茄专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici Snyder et Hansen),尖孢镰刀菌合欢专化型(Fusarium oxysporwm schl.f.sp.perndiosium),尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型(Fusarium oxysporum),胶孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides penz.),平头炭疽菌(Colletotrichum truncatum),尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),尖孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum),禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis),串珠镰孢(Fusarium moniliforme),立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani),禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum),麦根腐平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris sorokiniana),叶斑病-假尾孢(Pseudocercospora schizolobii),蔷蔽放线孢(Actinonema rosae(Lib.)Fr.),苹果链格孢(Alternaria mali),甜樱间座壳(Diaporthe eres),苹果黑腐皮壳(Valsa mali),多主棒孢霉菌(Corynespora cassiicola),致病疫霉中的至少一种的病菌中的至少一种。
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步的描述,并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
实施例1
烯丙基二甲基氨基甲酸(二硫氧基)硫酯的制备
将6.4g二硫化四甲基秋兰姆溶于20ml二甲基甲酰胺中,缓慢滴2.97g加烯丙硫醇,加毕,升温至60℃,反应9h,利用薄层层析法检测二硫化四甲基秋兰姆反应完全,加入乙酸乙酯(100ml×4)萃取分层,合并有机层,用饱和食盐水洗涤3次后,减压浓 缩有机层得粗品,经柱层析纯化,石油醚洗脱得到黄色粘稠液体2g,收率39%,HPLC纯度75.02%。制备得到的产品的。核磁图谱详见图1。下面将制备得到的产品简写为Allicin-1。
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000027
实施例2
3-(烯丙基硫代)丙基二甲基氨基甲酸(二硫氧基)硫代酯的制备
将6.4g二硫化四甲基秋兰姆溶于20ml二甲基甲酰胺中,缓慢滴加2.97g烯丙硫醇,加毕,升温至60℃反应12h,利用薄层色谱法检测二硫化四甲基秋兰姆反应完全,用乙酸乙酯(100ml×4)萃取,合并有机层,用饱和食盐水洗涤3次,减压浓缩有机层得粗品,柱层析纯化,纯石油醚洗脱得产品,2.00g黄色液体,收率39%。制备得到的产品的核磁图谱详见图2。下面将制备得到的产品简写为Allicin-1-B。
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000028
实施例3
烯丙基甲基(苯基)氨基甲酸酯(二硫代过氧)的制备
将32g N-溴带丁二酰亚胺溶于甲苯中,加入15.8g二烯丙基二硫,升温至80℃,反应2h,减压浓缩,除去甲苯,经柱层析纯化后得到的黄色油状液体1-(烯丙基硫)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮11.2g,收率36%。
将5.4g N-甲基苯胺溶于水中,冰浴下缓慢滴加4.5g二硫化碳,加入8g碳酸钠作为碱性溶液,pH为11,发生如下反应:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000029
10min后再加入7.2g 1-(烯丙基硫)吡咯烷-2,5-二酮,然后移至室温反应3h,利用薄层
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000030
层析法检测反应是否完全。反应完成后,于冰浴下分批次缓慢滴入2.00mmol/ml盐酸溶液,直至反应液中的碳酸钠和过量的N-甲基苯胺被消耗完全。用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机层后,用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和食盐水各洗涤两次,用无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤,减压浓缩有机层,经柱层析纯化后得到黄色油状物2.1g,收率20%,HPLC纯度76.74%。制备得到的产品的核磁图谱详见图3。下面将制备得到的产品简写为Allicin-3。
实施例4
烯丙基乙基(苯基)氨基甲酸(二硫代过氧)硫代酸酯的制备
将20g N-乙基苯胺溶于10mL乙醇中,冰浴下缓慢滴加9.40g 30%的NaOH水溶液,加毕,pH=8-10后,缓慢滴加17.88g的CS2,加毕,于冰浴下反应1h后,经薄层色谱法检测N-乙基苯胺反应完全后,并有固体析出,加入乙酸乙酯至大量白色固体析出后,过滤取固体层,烘箱60℃干燥,得22.42g的乙基(苯基)氨基甲二硫代硫酸钠,白色固体,收率52%。反应如下:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000031
在附有搅拌器、温度计、滴液漏斗的三颈瓶中,加入适量水和乙基(苯基)氨基甲二硫代硫酸钠,开动搅拌器,外用水浴冷却,调节内温为20℃以下时从滴液漏斗中滴加预先冷却至40℃以下的体积比3:1的30%双氧水和硫酸的混合液,控制整个反应过程的温度不超过40℃,滴加完毕后,测料液pH值,如果大于4,用硫酸将pH值调至3-4后继续搅拌15min即可停止反应,将反应液抽滤,洗至中性,将固体于80℃以下干燥,得如下所示的化合物3,反应如下:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000032
将39.20g化合物3溶于20ml DMF中,缓慢滴加21.90g乙基(苯基)氨基甲二硫代硫酸钠,加毕,升温至60℃反应9h,薄层色谱法检测烯丙硫醇反应完全,用乙 酸乙酯萃取,合并有机层,经薄层色谱法监测水层没有化合物Allicin-17后,用饱和食盐水洗涤3次,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,取滤液,减压浓缩得粗品,经湿法上样进行柱层析纯化,石油醚洗脱,反应如下,得化合物Allicin-17,为黄色液体。制备得到的产品的核磁图详见图4下面将制备得到的产品简写为Allicin-17。
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000033
实施例5
烯丙基氮杂环丁烷-1-硫代碳(二硫代过氧)酸盐的制备
将20g氮杂环丁烷溶于10mL乙醇中,冰浴下缓慢滴加30%的14gNaOH水溶液,加毕,pH=8-10后,缓慢滴加27gCS2,加毕,于冰浴下反应1h后,经薄层色谱法检测氮杂环丁烷反应完全后,并有固体析出,加入乙酸乙酯至大量白色固体析出后,过滤取固体层,烘箱60℃干燥,得氮杂环丁烷-1-碳二硫代酸钠,白色固体,收率52%,反应如下:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000034
在附有搅拌器、温度计、滴液漏斗的三颈瓶中,加入适量水和氮杂环丁烷-1-碳二硫代酸钠,开动搅拌器,外用水浴冷却,调节内温为20℃以下时从滴液漏斗中滴加预先冷却至40℃以下的体积比3:1的30%双氧水和硫酸的混合液,控制整个反应过程的温度不超过40℃,滴加完毕后,测料液pH值,如果大于4,用硫酸将pH值调至3-4后继续搅拌15min即可停止反应,将反应液抽滤,洗至中性,将固体于80℃以下干燥,得如下所示的化合物3,反应如下:
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000035
将26.40g化合物3溶于20ml DMF中,缓慢滴加15.50g氮杂环丁烷-1-碳二硫代酸钠,加毕,升温至60℃反应9h,薄层色谱法检测烯丙硫醇反应完全,用乙酸乙酯 萃取,合并有机层,经薄层色谱法监测水层没有化合物Allicin-18后,用饱和食盐水洗涤3次,无水硫酸钠干燥,抽滤,取滤液,减压浓缩得粗品,经湿法上样进行柱层析纯化,石油醚洗脱,反应如下,得化合物Allicin-18,为黄色液体。制备得到的产品的核磁图详见图5。下面将制备得到的产品简写为Allicin-18。
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000036
实施例6
抑菌实验
方法:采用生长速率法进行活性试验。
(1)在无菌环境下分别将所有菌株活化,其中致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)接种至黑麦培养基,置于18℃培养箱内培养7d,灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr.番茄果实)(及其他真菌)接种至PDA培养基,25℃培养3d。
(2)在无菌环境下配制药剂,整个实验过程无菌操作,所有耗材均需高温高压灭菌,不重复使用。按照设置的浓度称取药品,加至已经灭菌的离心管中,加无菌水定容至10ml,摇匀备用。
(3)加热溶化已制作好的黑麦培养基、PDA培养基,晾冷至45~50℃,分别取1ml配制好的各样品于培养皿中,加入9ml培养基,轻轻摇匀,做好标记,水平放置到冷却。
(4)用打孔器将步骤(1)活化成功的培养基内,按同心圆周打孔。再接种到培养基的中心,倒置于培养箱内培养。在空白菌丝长至铺满2/3平板或两个菌圈长至快接触时,利用十字交叉法测定菌落的直径,计算平均直径大小,计算药剂防效。
防效计算公式:I=【(D0-Dt)/(D0-4)】*100%
I:菌丝生长抑制率
D0:空白菌落直径mm
Dt:药剂处理菌落直径mm
测定本发明制备得到的大蒜素衍生物、大蒜素、健达对致病疫霉、灰葡萄孢的抑菌效果。
结果见表1及图6。
表1本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-1和Allicin-3的抗菌效果(mm)
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000037
健达稀释3000倍是健达产品说明书上的推荐使用浓度。
实施例7
抑菌实验
采用与实施例6相同的方法,测定实施例1制备得到的Allicin-1进一步稀释及大蒜素、健达的抗菌活性,测定结果详见表2和图7。
表2本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-1的抗菌效果(mm)
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000038
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000039
实施例8
抑菌实验
采用与实施例6相同的测试方法,测定实施例1制备得到的Allicin-1稀释2000倍及健达稀释3000倍对不同病菌的效果。测试结果详见表3及图8。由于所有灰葡萄孢、禾谷镰孢菌菌株均为本实验室采样分离所得,所以在菌株致病力方面存在一些差异,备注中均标注了菌株在不同植株的不同位置。实验室之前的结果确认,化学药剂健达抗菌效果优于大蒜素,于是将衍生物Allicin-1与化学药剂直接进行比较。
表3本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-1的抗菌谱
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000040
注:表3中的菌种1为刺腐霉菌(Phytophthora spinosum),菌种2为苹果链格孢(Alternaria mali),菌种3为叶点霉菌(Phyllosticta sp.),菌种4为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr.番茄果实)(该菌种购自明舟生物公司),菌种5为尖孢炭疽菌(Colletotrichum acutatum),菌种6为尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum),菌种7为禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum),菌种8为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea甜瓜果实),菌种9为麦根腐平脐蠕孢(Bipolaris sorokiniana),菌种10为叶斑病-假尾孢(Pseudocercospora schizolobii),菌种11为尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型(Fusarium  oxysporum),菌种12为苹果黑腐皮壳(Valsa mali),菌种13为葱鳞葡萄孢(Botrytis squamosa Walker),菌种14为葡萄座腔菌(Botryoshaeria dothidea),菌种15为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea Pers.ex Fr黄瓜果实),菌种16为辣椒疫霉(Phytophthora capsici),菌种17为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea葡萄果穗),菌种18为禾谷丝核菌(Rhizoctonia cerealis),菌种19为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea番茄果实)(该菌种为本实验室于眉山青神番茄种植园分离所得),菌种20为串珠镰孢(Fusarium moniliforme),菌种21为柑桔生疫霉(Phytophthora citricola),菌种22为平头炭疽菌(Colletotrichum truncatum),菌种23为葱腐葡萄孢(Botrytis aclada Fresen Allii Munn),菌种24为苹果腐烂病菌(Valsa ceratosperma),菌种25为甘薯长喙壳(Ceratocystis fimbriata),菌种26为立枯丝核菌(Rhizoctonia solani)。
实施例9
采用与实施例6相同的测试方法,测定实施例2制备得到的Allicin-1-B稀释2000倍及健达对不同病菌的效果。其他衍生物的效果抗菌效果不如Allicin-1明显,在试验时加入了大蒜素作为对照进行比较抑菌大小。测试结果详见表4及图9。
表4本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-1-B的抗菌谱
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000041
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000043
实施例10
采用与实施例6相同的测试方法,测定实施例3制备得到的Allicin-3稀释2000倍及健达对不同病菌的效果。测试结果详见表5及图10。
表5本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-3的抗菌谱
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000044
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000045
实施例11
采用与实施例6相同的测试方法,测定实施例4制备得到的Allicin-17稀释2000倍及健达对不同病菌的效果。测试结果详见表6及图11。
表6本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-17的抗菌谱
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000047
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000048
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000049
实施例12
采用与实施例6相同的测试方法,测定实施例5制备得到的Allicin-18稀释2000倍及健达对不同病菌的效果。测试结果详见表7及图12。
表7本发明大蒜素衍生物Allicin-18的抗菌谱
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000051
Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-000052
基于上述试验结果,本发明的大蒜素衍生物具有抗菌活性强、抗菌谱更广的优点,可用于制备抗菌剂;并且本发明的合成方法具有条件温和、操作简便等优点。

Claims (21)

  1. 大蒜素类衍生物,其特征在于,所述大蒜素类衍生物的结构如式I所示:
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100001
    其中,所述R 1、R 2分别为1~4个碳的烷基、环烷基、萘环、苯基或芳杂环。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的大蒜素类衍生物,其特征在于,所述R 1为苯基。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100002
    所述R 3为H或
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100003
    所述R 4为H或
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100004
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述合成的反应温度为0~80℃。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100005
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100006
    的摩尔比为:0.5~1:1~10。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100007
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100008
    的摩尔比为:1:1~1.5。
  7. 根据权利要求3或4所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述R 1和R 2分别为甲基,R 3
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100009
    所述R 4为H。
  8. 根据权利要求3或4所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述方法还采用二甲基甲酰胺作为溶剂。
  9. 根据权利要求3或4所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述R 1为苯基,R 2为甲基,所述R 3为H,所述R 4
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100010
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100011
    的合成方法包括:
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100012
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述方法的溶剂为甲苯。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述二烯丙基二硫和N-溴带丁二酰亚胺的反应摩尔比为1:0.5~5。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述二烯丙基二硫和N-溴带丁二酰亚胺的反应摩尔比为1:0.8~1.5。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100013
    的合成方法为:
    Figure PCTCN2022080576-appb-100014
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的大蒜素类衍生物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述碱性的pH为8~12。
  16. 如权利要求1或2所述的大蒜素类衍生物或权利要求3~15任一项所述的方法制备得到的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述菌包括:包括细菌和真菌。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述菌为真菌。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述菌包括鞭毛菌亚门、子囊菌亚门、半知菌亚门中的至少一种。
  20. 根据权利要求20所述的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述鞭毛菌亚门为卵菌纲;子囊菌亚门的核菌纲、腔菌纲或盘菌纲中的至少一种;半知菌亚门为丝孢纲、腔孢纲中的至少一种。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的大蒜素类衍生物在制备杀菌剂中的应用,其特征在于,所述菌包括刺腐霉菌,叶点霉菌,柑桔生疫霉,茄病镰孢菌,辣椒疫霉,核盘菌,梨生菌绒孢,苹果树腐烂病菌,禾旋孢腔菌,围小丛壳菌,甘薯长喙壳,葱鳞葡萄孢,葡萄座腔菌,灰葡萄孢,葱腐葡萄孢,尖孢镰刀菌西瓜专化型,禾谷镰孢菌,棉花枯萎病菌,尖孢镰刀菌草莓专化型,尖孢镰刀葫芦专化型,尖镰孢菌辣椒专化型,番茄尖镰孢菌番茄专化型,尖孢镰刀菌合欢专化型,尖孢镰刀菌黄瓜专化型,胶孢炭疽菌,平头炭疽菌,尖孢镰刀菌,尖孢炭疽菌,禾谷丝核菌,串珠镰孢,立枯丝核菌,禾谷镰刀菌,麦根腐平脐蠕孢,叶斑病-假尾孢,蔷蔽放线孢,苹果链格孢,甜樱间座壳,苹果黑腐皮壳,多主棒孢霉菌,致病疫霉中的至少一种的病菌中的至少一种。
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