WO2022156821A1 - 一种打桩设备及打桩方法 - Google Patents

一种打桩设备及打桩方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022156821A1
WO2022156821A1 PCT/CN2022/073879 CN2022073879W WO2022156821A1 WO 2022156821 A1 WO2022156821 A1 WO 2022156821A1 CN 2022073879 W CN2022073879 W CN 2022073879W WO 2022156821 A1 WO2022156821 A1 WO 2022156821A1
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pile
pile body
guide plate
piling
hydraulic
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PCT/CN2022/073879
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English (en)
French (fr)
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徐梓辰
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万晓跃
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Publication of WO2022156821A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022156821A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of directional piling, in particular to a piling device and a piling method.
  • the slender pile body is prone to skew during the process of being hammered into the stratum.
  • the method of piling and guiding is adopted, which guides the movement trajectory of the pile through the guide frame, but the guide frame can only be set on the ground or the piling ship. Smaller and larger piles are difficult to control.
  • Another example is a kind of engineering pile guide device in piling construction described in Chinese utility model patent CN207017267U.
  • the engineering guide device in piling construction is inserted into the underwater soil from the positioning cylinder by setting the engineering pile in the positioning cylinder, which improves the performance of the pile driving. Stability of piling.
  • this method still cannot solve the problem of guiding the slender and larger piles, and obtains a weak effect through high cost, which is not worth the loss.
  • the problems of offshore piling and seabed piling the seabed soil is soft, and the pile pipe is greatly affected by uncertainties such as seawater and ships, which may easily lead to skew.
  • Pile driving is also required in the cluster drilling process.
  • the increase in the density of the piles will increase the risk of collision, or the increase in the density of the piles will increase the risk of collision in the subsequent drilling process.
  • the present invention provides a piling equipment, comprising:
  • a pile driver arranged inside and/or above the pile body, capable of providing power for the pile body to be hammered into the formation;
  • the controllable guiding device includes several resistance structures, the resistance structures are arranged at the lower part and/or the bottom of the pile body, and the resistance exerted on the resistance structure by the ground can make the pile body enter the ground along a desired trajectory.
  • the resistance structure is a guide plate, and the inclination angle and/or the spatial position of the guide plate can be changed under the driving of the driving device.
  • the lower part of the pile body is also provided with a measuring device for measuring the posture at the bottom of the pile body
  • the measuring device includes an electronic measuring device or a mechanical measuring device, wherein the electronic measuring device includes an acceleration meter and/or magnetometer and/or gyroscope; the mechanical measurement device includes a mechanical measurement mechanism and a recording device, the mechanical measurement mechanism can be a spirit level, a plumb bob, and a side tilt pendulum, and the recording device is a video recording device , and monitor the spirit level installed at the bottom of the pile body in real time through the video equipment, so as to judge the posture of the bottom of the pile body.
  • the measuring device is electrically connected with the receiving device through a cable, so as to transmit the attitude of the bottom of the pile body to the control end. Under normal circumstances, the bottom of the pile is the pile boot.
  • controllable guiding device includes at least three resistance structures, and the resistance structures are arranged on the inner side of the pile body along the circumferential direction.
  • the guide plate is arranged on the inner circumference of the pile body; the guide plate is hinged with the pile body through a hinge point, and the driving device is a hydraulic driving device, and the hydraulic driving device can control The inclination angle of the guide plate.
  • the hydraulic drive device includes a piston, a hydraulic pipeline and a hydraulic power source, and the piston is arranged between the guide plate and the pile body for changing the angle between the guide plate and the pile body .
  • the space position of the guide plate or the top-view projected area of the guide plate, the piston is connected to the hydraulic power source outside the pile body by a hydraulic pipeline, so as to control the piston to perform telescopic action through the hydraulic power source.
  • the pile body further comprises a pile shoe structure, and the pile shoe structure is arranged at the lower part of the pile body.
  • the pile body is a slotted pipe, and the slit can increase the flexibility of the pile body and make the pile body easier to bend.
  • the present invention provides a piling method for piling equipment, which comprises the following steps:
  • the measuring device installed near the pile shoe measures the attitude near the pile shoe in real time, and transmits the attitude near the pile shoe to the receiving device through the cable. Personnel monitors the posture at the pile boots through the receiving device;
  • the guide plate is arranged on the inner circumference of the pile body.
  • the piling equipment and the piling method can controllably hammer the slender pile body into the stratum, so that the controllable inclination of the pile body can be realized in the shallow layer, the stability of the pile driving is improved, and when the shallow layer minerals are developed, more
  • the submerged layer can be deflected, and in addition, it can also solve the problem of easy deflection of offshore piling and seabed piling.
  • the pipeline can be drilled and completed next to be away from each other with a certain curvature. Greatly expand the number of wellhead slot bearing conduits and add more well positions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of all guide plates in a recovered state in the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the right guide plate in the open state in the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic cross-sectional view of the right guide plate in the open state in the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged schematic diagram of Fig. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the right guide plate in the open state according to the present invention.
  • a piling device includes:
  • a piling device comprising:
  • the pile body 1 can be in the shape of a round tube
  • the pile driver 6 is arranged inside and/or above the pile body 1, and can provide power for the pile body 1 to drive into the stratum, and the stratum includes mud layer, quicksand, soil layer and rock layer;
  • Controllable guiding device including several resistance structures, which are arranged at the lower part and/or bottom of the pile body 1, and the resistance exerted by the formation on the resistance structure can make the pile body 1 enter the formation along a desired trajectory .
  • the resistance structure is a guide plate 2, and the inclination angle and/or the spatial position of the guide plate 2 can be changed under the driving of the driving device.
  • the lower part of the pile body 1 is also provided with a measuring device 5 for measuring the posture of the bottom of the pile body.
  • the measuring device 5 includes an electronic measuring device or a mechanical measuring device, wherein the The electronic measuring device includes an accelerometer and/or a magnetometer and/or a gyroscope; the mechanical measuring device includes a mechanical measuring mechanism and a recording device, the mechanical measuring mechanism is a spirit level or an inclination pendulum, and the recording device is a video recording equipment, and real-time monitoring of the spirit level installed at the bottom of the pile body 1 through the video equipment, so as to judge the posture of the bottom of the pile body.
  • the measuring device 5 is electrically connected with the receiving device 52 through the cable 51, so as to transmit the posture at the spud shoe to the control end.
  • controllable guiding device includes at least three resistance structures 2 , and the resistance structures are arranged on the inner side of the pile body along the circumferential direction.
  • the guide plate 2 is arranged on the inner circumference of the pile body 1, and the soil can be discharged to the inner side of the pile body 1 through the guide plate 2, which has the advantage of not disturbing the soil outside the pile body 1;
  • the guide plate 2 is hinged with the pile body 1 through a hinge point 21 , and the drive device is a hydraulic drive device, which can control the inclination angle of the guide plate.
  • the hydraulic drive device includes a piston 31 , a hydraulic pipeline 32 and a hydraulic power source 33 .
  • the piston 31 is arranged between the guide plate 2 and the pile body 4 , and is used to change the distance between the guide plate 2 and the pile body 4 .
  • the angle between the piles 4, the spatial position of the guide plate 2 or the top-view projected area of the guide plate 2, the piston 31 is connected with the hydraulic power source 33 outside the pile 1 by the hydraulic pipeline 32, so as to pass the hydraulic
  • the power source 33 controls the piston 31 to perform telescopic motion.
  • the pile body further includes a pile shoe structure 4, and the pile shoe structure is arranged at the lower part of the pile body.
  • a piling method for piling equipment comprising the steps of:
  • the measuring device 5 arranged near the pile shoe measures the posture near the pile shoe in real time, and transmits the posture near the pile shoe through the cable 51 To the receiving device 52, the ground personnel monitors the posture at the spud shoe through the receiving device 52;
  • the guide plate 2 is arranged on the inner circumference of the pile body 1, and when the project requires the deflection of the pile shoe, the hydraulic power source 33 is used to inject hydraulic oil into the piston 31 on the side to be deflected, so as to open the side on the side to be deflected.
  • the guide plate 2 increases the resistance at the place, and under the hammering action of the pile driver 6, the pile shoe hammers the stratum. During the hammering process, the stratum gives the pile shoe a component force to the side to be deflected to promote the pile body along with the pile driving. As the process progresses, it deflects to the side that needs to be deflected.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

一种打桩设备及打桩方法，其涉及定向打桩技术领域，包括桩体（1）、打桩机（6）、以及可控导向装置，该打桩机（6）设置于该桩体（1）的上方，用于为桩体（1）伸入地层提供动力，该可控导向装置包括多个导向板（2），沿桩体（1）的圆周方向设置于该桩体（1）的底部，且通过地层对该导向板（2）施加的阻力能够使桩体（1）沿预设方向或轨迹进入地层。

Description

一种打桩设备及打桩方法
相关申请
本申请要求专利申请号为202110097547.8、申请日为2021.01.25、发明名称为“一种打桩设备及打桩方法”的中国发明专利的优先权。
技术领域
本发明涉及定向打桩技术领域，尤其是一种打桩设备及打桩方法。
背景技术
细长的桩体在被锤入地层过程中容易发生歪斜，目前有采用打桩导向的方式，其都是通过导向架引导桩的运动轨迹，但是导向架只能设置于地面或者打桩船，对于长细比较大的桩均在控制困难等问题。
再如中国实用新型专利CN207017267U中所述的一种打桩施工中的工程桩导向装置，该打桩施工中的工程导向装置，通过定位筒的设置工程桩从定位筒中插入水下的泥土中，提高了打桩的稳定性。但这种方法依然无法解决长细比较大的桩的导向问题，且通过高昂的成本获得微弱的效果，得不偿失。
另外，海上打桩及海底打桩的问题：海底土质松软，且桩管受到海水、船舶等不确定性影响大，容易导致歪斜。
丛式钻井工艺流程中也需要先打桩，桩的密度增高会增加碰撞风险，或桩的密度增高，会增加后续钻井过程中的碰撞风险。
因此，有必要提供一种打桩设备及打桩方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
发明内容
本发明的上述目的可采用下列技术方案来实现：
本发明提供一种打桩设备，包括：
桩体；
打桩机，设置于所述桩体的内部和/或上方，能为桩体锤入地层提供动力；
可控导向装置，包含若干个阻力结构，所述阻力结构设置于所述桩体的下部和/或底部，且通过地层对所述阻力结构施加的阻力能够使桩体沿预期轨迹进入地层。
进一步，作为优选，所述阻力结构为导向板，所述导向板的倾斜角度和/或所处空间位置能在驱动装置的驱动下发生变化。
进一步，作为优选，所述桩体的下部还设置有测量装置，用于测量桩体底部所处的姿态，所述测量装置包括电子测量装置或机械测量装置，其中，所述电子测量装置包括加速度计和/或磁力计和/或陀螺仪；所述机械测量装置包括机械测量机构和记录设备，所述机械测量机构可以为水平尺、铅锤、侧斜摆锤，所述记录设备为录像设备，且通过录像设备实时监控装在桩体底部的水平尺，从而判断桩体底部的姿态。
进一步，作为优选，所述测量装置通过电缆与接收装置电连，从而将桩体底部的姿态传递至控制端。一般情况下，桩体底部即为桩靴处。
进一步，作为优选，所述可控导向装置包含至少3个所述阻力结构，所述阻力结构沿周向设置于桩体的内侧。
进一步，作为优选，所述导向板布设在所述桩体的内侧圆周上；所述导向板通过铰接点与桩体相铰接，且所述驱动装置为液压驱动装置，所述液压驱动装置能控制所述导向板的倾斜角度。
进一步，作为优选，所述液压驱动装置包括活塞、液压管线以及液压动力源，所述活塞布设在所述导向板与桩体之间，用于改变所述导向板与桩体之间的夹角、导向板所处空间位置或导向板的俯视投影面积，所述活塞采用液压管线与桩体外部的液压动力源相连，以便通过所述液压动力源控制所述活塞进行伸缩动作。
进一步，作为优选，所述桩体还包括桩靴结构，所述桩靴结构设置于桩体的下部。
进一步，作为优选，所述桩体为割缝管，所述缝隙可以增加桩体的柔性，使桩体更容易弯曲。
本发明提供一种打桩设备的打桩方法，其包括如下步骤：
S1.利用打桩机持续为桩体进入地层提供动力，且打桩过程中，设置于桩靴附近的测量装置实时测量桩靴附近的姿态，并将桩靴附近的姿态通过电缆传输至接收装置，地面人员通过接收装置监测桩靴处的姿态；
S2.导向板布设在桩体的内侧圆周上，当需要桩靴偏斜时，通过液压动力源向处于需偏斜侧的活塞内部注入液压油，从而打开处于需偏斜侧的导向板，增加该处的阻力，在打桩机的锤击作用下使桩靴锤击地层，锤击过程中，地层给予桩靴向需偏斜侧的分力促使桩体随着打桩过程的进行而向需偏斜的方向偏斜；
S3.导向打桩结束后，通过电缆回收测量装置以及液压管线。
本发明的特点及优点是：
本打桩设备和打桩方法，可以将细长的桩体可控的锤入地层，从而可以在浅层实现桩体的可控倾斜，提高了打桩的稳定性，开发浅层矿物时，可以在更潜的层位实现造斜，另外，还能够解决海上打桩和海底打桩容易歪斜的问题，而对于桩靴较为密集的从式井，让导管以下一开钻完井可以一定曲率相互远离，这样可以大大扩展井口槽承载导管的数量，多增加一些井位。
附图说明
以下附图仅旨在于对本发明做示意性说明和解释，并不限定本发明的范围。其中：
图1为本发明中所有导向板处于回收状态的俯视示意图；
图2为本发明中右侧导向板处于打开状态的剖视示意图；
图3为本发明中右侧导向板处于打开状态的剖视示意图二；
图4为图3的局部放大示意图；
图5为本发明中右侧导向板处于打开状态的俯视示意图。
图中：1、桩体；2、导向板；21、铰接点；31、活塞；32、液压管线；33、液压动力源；4、桩靴结构；5、测量装置；51、电缆；52、接收装置；6、打桩机。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。在本发明的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
请参阅图1～5，本发明实施例中，一种打桩设备，包括：
一种打桩设备，包括：
桩体1，可以是圆管形；
打桩机6，设置于所述桩体1的内部和/或上方，能为桩体1锤入地层提供动力，所述地层包括泥层、流沙、土层、岩层；
可控导向装置，包含若干个阻力结构，所述阻力结构设置于所述桩体1的下部和/或底部，且通过地层对所述阻力结构施加的阻力能够使桩体1沿预期轨迹进入地层。
本实施例中，所述阻力结构为导向板2，所述导向板2的倾斜角度和/或所处空间位置能在驱动装置的驱动下发生变化。
作为较佳的实施例，所述桩体1的下部还设置有测量装置5，用于测量桩体底部所处的姿态，所述测量装置5包括电子测量装置或机械测量装置，其中，所述电子测量装置包括加速度计和/或磁力计和/或陀螺仪；所述机械测量装置包括机械测量机构和记录设备，所述机械 测量机构为水平尺或测斜摆锤，所述记录设备为录像设备，且通过录像设备实时监控装在桩体1底部的水平尺，从而判断桩体底部的姿态。
另外，所述测量装置5通过电缆51与接收装置52电连，从而将桩靴处的姿态传递至控制端。
本实施例中，所述可控导向装置包含至少3个所述阻力结构2，所述阻力结构沿周向设置于桩体的内侧。
本实施例中，所述导向板2布设在所述桩体1的内侧圆周上，通过导向板2可向桩体1内侧排土，其好处在于，可以不扰动桩体1外侧的土；所述导向板2通过铰接点21与桩体1相铰接，且所述驱动装置为液压驱动装置，所述液压驱动装置能控制所述导向板的倾斜角度。
本实施例中，所述液压驱动装置包括活塞31、液压管线32以及液压动力源33，所述活塞31布设在所述导向板2与桩体4之间，用于改变所述导向板2与桩体4之间的夹角、导向板2所处空间位置或导向板2的俯视投影面积，所述活塞31采用液压管线32与桩体1外部的液压动力源33相连，以便通过所述液压动力源33控制所述活塞31进行伸缩动作。
本实施例中，所述桩体包括还包括桩靴结构4，所述桩靴结构设置于桩体的下部。
一种打桩设备的打桩方法，其包括如下步骤：
S1.利用打桩机6持续为桩体1伸入地层提供动力，且打桩过程中，设置于桩靴附近的测量装置5实时测量桩靴附近的姿态，并将桩靴附近的姿态通过电缆51传输至接收装置52，地面人员通过接收装置52监测桩靴处的姿态；
S2.导向板2布设在桩体1的内侧圆周上，且工程需要桩靴偏斜时，通过液压动力源33向处于需偏斜侧的活塞31内部注入液压油，从而打开处于需偏斜侧的导向板2，增加该处的阻力，在打桩机6的锤击作用下使桩靴锤击地层，锤击过程中，地层给予桩靴向需偏斜侧的分力促使桩体随着打桩过程的进行而向需偏斜侧偏斜，例如，如图3～6，当工程需要桩靴向右偏斜时，通过液压动力源33向处于右侧的活塞31内部注入液压油，从而打开处于右侧的导向板2，增加该处的阻力，在打桩机6的锤击作用下使桩靴锤击地层，锤击过程中，地层给予桩靴向右侧的分力促使桩体随着打桩过程的进行而向右侧偏斜；
S3.导向打桩结束后，通过电缆51回收测量装置5以及液压管线52。
以上所述仅为本发明示意性的具体实施方式，并非用以限定本发明的范围。任何本领域的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的构思和原则的前提下所作的等同变化与修改，均应属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种打桩设备，其中，所述打桩设备包括：
    桩体(1)；
    打桩机(6)，设置于所述桩体(1)的内部和/或上方，能为桩体(1)进入地层提供动力；
    可控导向装置，包含若干个阻力结构，所述阻力结构设置于所述桩体(1)的下部和/或底部，且通过地层对所述阻力结构施加的阻力能够使桩体(1)沿预期轨迹进入地层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述阻力结构为导向板(2)，所述导向板(2)的倾斜角度和/或相对桩体所处的空间位置能在驱动装置的驱动下发生变化。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述桩体(1)下部还设置有测量装置(5)，用于测量桩体底部的姿态，所述测量装置(5)包括电子测量装置或机械测量装置，其中，所述电子测量装置包括加速度计和/或磁力计和/或陀螺仪；所述机械测量装置包括机械测量机构和记录设备，所述记录设备为录像设备，能监控装在桩体(1)底部的机械测量机构，从而判断桩体底部的姿态。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述测量装置(5)通过电缆(51)与接收装置(52)电连，从而将桩体底部的姿态传递至控制端。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述可控导向装置包含至少3个所述阻力结构(2)，所述阻力结构沿周向设置于桩体的内侧。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述导向板(2)布设在所述桩体(1)的内侧圆周上；所述导向板(2)通过铰接点(21)与桩体(1)相铰接，且所述驱动装置为液压驱动装置，所述液压驱动装置能控制所述导向板的倾斜角度。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述液压驱动装置包括活塞(31)、液压管线(32)以及液压动力源(33)，所述活塞(31)布设在所述导向板(2)与桩体(4)之间，用于改变所述导向板(2)与桩体(4)之间的夹角或导向板(2)所处空间位置或导向板(2)的俯视投影面积，所述活塞(31)采用液压管线(32)与桩体(1)外部的液压动力源(33)相连，以便通过所述液压动力源(33)控制所述活塞(31)进行伸缩动作。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的一种打桩设备，其中，所述桩体还包括桩靴结构(4)，所述桩靴结构设置于桩体的下部。
  9. 一种打桩设备的打桩方法，其中，其包括如下步骤：
    S1.利用打桩机(6)持续为桩体(1)进入地层提供动力，且打桩过程中，设置于桩靴附近的测量装置(5)实时测量桩靴附近的姿态，并将桩靴附近的姿态通过电缆(51)传输至接收装置(52)，地面人员通过接收装置(52)监测桩靴处的姿态；
    S2.导向板(2)布设在桩体(1)的内侧圆周上，当需要桩靴偏斜时，通过液压动力源(33)向处于需偏斜侧的活塞(31)内部注入液压油，从而打开处于需偏斜侧的导向板(2)，增加该处的阻力，在打桩机(6)的锤击作用下使桩靴锤击地层，锤击过程中，地层给予桩靴向需偏斜侧的分力促使桩体随着打桩过程的进行而向需偏斜的方向偏斜；
    S3.导向打桩结束后，通过电缆(51)回收测量装置(5)以及液压管线(52)。
PCT/CN2022/073879 2021-01-25 2022-01-25 一种打桩设备及打桩方法 WO2022156821A1 (zh)

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