WO2022153666A1 - Am装置に使用されるdedノズルおよびdedノズルに着脱可能なアダプタ - Google Patents
Am装置に使用されるdedノズルおよびdedノズルに着脱可能なアダプタ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022153666A1 WO2022153666A1 PCT/JP2021/042411 JP2021042411W WO2022153666A1 WO 2022153666 A1 WO2022153666 A1 WO 2022153666A1 JP 2021042411 W JP2021042411 W JP 2021042411W WO 2022153666 A1 WO2022153666 A1 WO 2022153666A1
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- Prior art keywords
- powder
- ded
- adapter
- nozzle
- port
- Prior art date
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 286
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012768 molten material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/53—Nozzles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/144—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor the fluid stream containing particles, e.g. powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present application relates to a DED nozzle used in an AM device and an adapter that can be attached to and detached from the DED nozzle.
- the present application claims priority under Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-4335 filed on January 14, 2021. All disclosures, including the specification of Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-4335, claims, drawings and abstracts, are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
- a technique for directly modeling a three-dimensional object from three-dimensional data on a computer expressing a three-dimensional object is known.
- the Additive Manufacturing (AM) method is known.
- DED direct energy deposition
- AM additive Manufacturing
- PBF powder bed fusion
- each layer of the three-dimensional object After laying the metal powder two-dimensionally like PBF, it is also possible to shape each layer of the three-dimensional object by irradiating the metal powder with a laser beam using a DED nozzle on the metal powder or on the metal powder. can.
- the DED nozzle performs modeling while supplying the powder material or the carrier gas as the material from the DED nozzle, so that the metal powder that has been spread in advance is blown off by the supply of the carrier gas. It makes the planned modeling difficult.
- One object of the present application is to provide a technique for modeling on a powder material pre-laid with a DED nozzle.
- a DED nozzle used in an AM device such a DED nozzle includes a DED nozzle main body, a laser port for emitting a laser beam provided at the tip of the DED nozzle main body, and the like.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure which shows schematicly the AM apparatus for manufacturing a modeled object according to one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic cross section of the DED nozzle by one Embodiment. It is a figure which shows schematic cross section of the conventional DED nozzle as a reference example. It is a figure explaining the locus of a powder particle emitted from a DED nozzle. It is a schematic diagram which shows the locus of the powder particle when the powder particle is ejected from a DED nozzle under a given condition by one Embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the locus of the powder particle when the powder particle is ejected from a DED nozzle under a given condition by one Embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an AM device for manufacturing a modeled object according to one embodiment.
- the AM device 100 includes a base plate 102.
- the modeled object M will be modeled on the base plate 102.
- the base plate 102 can be a plate made of any material that can support the model M.
- the base plate 102 is placed on top of the XY stage 104.
- the XY stage 104 is a stage 104 that can move in two directions (x direction and y direction) that are orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane.
- the XY stage 104 may be connected to a lift mechanism that can move in the height direction (z direction). Further, in one embodiment, the XY stage 104 may not be provided.
- the AM device 100 includes a DED head 200.
- the DED head 200 is connected to a laser source 202, a powder material source 204, and a gas source 206.
- the DED head 200 has a DED nozzle 250.
- the DED nozzle 250 is configured to eject the laser, powder material, and gas from the laser source 202, the powder material source 204, and the gas source 206.
- the DED head 200 can be arbitrary, for example, a known DED head can be used.
- the DED head 200 is connected to a moving mechanism 220 and is configured to be movable.
- the moving mechanism 220 can be arbitrary, for example, the DED head 200 may be movable along a specific axis such as a rail, or the DED head 200 may be moved to an arbitrary position and orientation. It may be composed of a robot that can be made to operate.
- the moving mechanism 220 can be configured to move the DED head 200 along three orthogonal axes.
- the AM device 100 has a control device 170 as shown in FIG.
- the control device 170 is configured to control the operations of various operation mechanisms of the AM device 100, such as the above-mentioned DED head 200 and various operation mechanisms 220.
- the control device 170 can be composed of a general computer or a dedicated computer.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of the DED nozzle 250 according to one embodiment.
- the DED nozzle 250 according to the illustrated embodiment includes a DED nozzle body 259 having a truncated cone shape as a whole.
- the DED nozzle 250 according to the illustrated embodiment includes a first passage 252 through which the laser 251 guided from the laser source 202 passes at the center of the DED nozzle main body 259.
- the laser 251 that has passed through the first passage 252 is emitted from the laser port 252a of the DED nozzle main body 259.
- the first passage 252 is a passage having a circular cross section, and is formed so that the circular radius of the cross section becomes smaller toward the laser port 252a as shown in the figure.
- the first passage 252 may be a passage having a constant circular radius in cross section.
- the DED nozzle main body 259 allows the powder material supplied from the powder material source 204 and the carrier gas for transporting the powder material supplied from the gas source 206 to pass outside the first passage 252.
- a second passage 254 is provided. The powder material that has passed through the second passage 254 is discharged from the powder port 254a.
- the second passage 254 can be a passage having one ring-shaped cross section surrounding the first passage 252.
- the second passage 254 may be a plurality of passages having a circular cross section arranged so as to surround the first passage 252.
- the second passage 254 may have a triangular or quadrangular cross-sectional shape.
- the DED nozzle main body 259 has a structure that can be divided into an inner main body and an outer main body with the second passage 254 as a boundary, and a groove that becomes the second passage 254 is mechanically machined on the surface where the inner main body and the outer main body are in contact with each other. This makes it easy to create small, narrow passages.
- the carrier gas can be an inert gas such as argon gas or nitrogen gas. It is more desirable to use argon gas, which is heavier than air, as the carrier gas. By using an inert gas heavier than air as the carrier gas, the molten pool formed by melting the powder material at and near the modeling point 253 can be covered with the inert gas, and the molten pool and modeling can be performed. Oxidation of things can be prevented.
- the DED nozzle body 259 may further be provided with a third passage through which the shield gas passes and a gas port through which the shield gas is discharged through the third passage, outside the second passage 254. good.
- the third passage may be a passage having one ring-shaped cross section surrounding the first passage 252 and the second passage 254, and the third passage may be the first passage. It may be a plurality of passages having a circular cross section arranged so as to surround the 252 and the second passage 254.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section of a conventional DED nozzle 250 as a reference example.
- the conventional DED nozzle 250 shown in FIG. 3 is designed so that the extension lines of the first passage 252 and the second passage 254 through which the laser 251 passes intersect at the modeling point 253.
- a conventional DED nozzle there is one that can perform modeling by pointing the DED nozzle at an arbitrary angle on a metal surface or the like in an arbitrary orientation.
- the powder material passes through the second passage 254 together with the high-pressure carrier gas, and is supplied from the powder port 254a at high speed.
- the high-pressure and high-speed gas supplied from the DED nozzle 250 produces the material powder spread near the molding point 253. It is blown away and the intended modeling cannot be performed. Therefore, if the pressure of the carrier gas supplied from the DED nozzle 250 is reduced so as not to blow off the spread material powder and the powder material is supplied at a low speed, the powder material is appropriately applied to the modeling point 253. The problem arises that it cannot be supplied.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a locus of powder particles emitted from the DED nozzle 250.
- the distance from the powder port 254a of the DED nozzle 250 to the modeling point 253 is the vertical distance: y [m].
- a certain powder particle is emitted from the powder port 254a, and the position of the powder particle after the time t [s] is changed.
- t 0 can be expressed as when the powder particles emit the powder port 254a of the DED nozzle 250. It is assumed that the speed V at which the powder material is emitted from the DED nozzle 250 is equal to the speed at which the carrier gas is discharged from the powder port 254a. Further, the angle ⁇ at which the powder material is emitted is an angle with respect to the vertical direction.
- the modeling point 253 is a vertical distance from the powder port 254a of the DED nozzle 250: -20 mm. Horizontal distance: 7.25 mm
- V 20 [m / s]
- Particle emission angle: ⁇ 20 [deg]
- Gravitational acceleration: g 9.8 [m / s 2 ]
- the powder material is emitted. If the geometric intersection of the direction and the emission direction of the laser is set to the modeling point 253, the powder material is supplied to the laser 251 emitted at the modeling point 253, and appropriate modeling can be performed. This is because the powder particles are emitted at a relatively high speed and are not so affected by the weight until the modeling point 253 is reached.
- the powder material in the DED nozzle 250 that supplies the carrier gas and the powder material at a relatively low speed, the powder material is emitted from the DED nozzle so that the powder material can be appropriately supplied to the modeling point 253.
- Design the angle in consideration of the influence of gravity Specifically, the angle ⁇ at which the powder material is emitted from the DED nozzle 250 so that the powder particles pass through the modeling point 253 from the above formula according to the position of the modeling point 253 and the ejection speed V of the powder particles. [Deg], that is, the orientation of the powder port 254a and the second passage 254 is determined.
- the direction of the second passage 254 through which the powder material and the carrier gas pass is changed at a position slightly before the powder port 254a.
- the extension line of the second passage 254 (powder passage) slightly before the powder port 254a intersects above the modeling point 253. Designed to.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the orbits of the powder particles under such conditions.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the orbits of the powder particles under such conditions.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the orbits of the powder particles under such conditions.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the orbits of the powder particles under such conditions.
- the powder material is formed at the modeling point 253.
- the powder material is emitted from the DED nozzle 250 by setting the direction of the second passage 254 immediately before the powder port 254a to the above-mentioned ⁇ [deg] with respect to the vertical direction.
- the angle to be formed can be set to the above-mentioned ⁇ [deg].
- the powder material and the laser emitted from the DED nozzle 250 are illustrated and described so as to intersect at the modeling point 253, but the powder material and the laser are slightly above the modeling point 253. It may be designed to intersect at.
- the powder material and the laser are designed to intersect at a position above the modeling point 253 by a distance of about 1 to 3 times the irradiation width of the laser at the modeling point 253. can do.
- the width of the laser at the build point 253 (such as FWHM or 1 / e 2 ) is about 2 mm
- the powder material and the laser should intersect above the build point 253 by about 2 mm to about 6 mm. Can be designed.
- the powder pre-spread by the carrier gas discharged from the DED nozzle 250 is spread.
- the powder material can be supplied from the DED nozzle 250 to the modeling point 253.
- the low flow velocity V that does not blow off the powder that has been spread in advance is preferably a flow velocity of about 1 m / s or less.
- the flow velocity of the carrier gas discharged from the DED nozzle 250 is between about 0.3 m / s and about 0.1 m / s.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a cross section of the DED nozzle 250 according to one embodiment.
- An adapter 300 for changing the emission direction of the powder material and the carrier gas is attached to the tip of the DED nozzle 250 shown in FIG.
- the adapter 300 has a ring shape as a whole, and has a shape and structure that can be attached to and detached from the tip of the DED nozzle 250.
- the adapter 300 includes an adapter laser passage 302 that connects to a first passage 252 through which the laser of the DED nozzle 250 passes when attached to the DED nozzle 250. It also includes an adapter powder passage 304 that connects to a second passage 254 through which the carrier gas and powder material of the DED nozzle 250 passes when attached to the DED nozzle 250.
- the laser 251 that has passed through the first passage 252 of the DED nozzle 250 and the adapter laser passage 302 of the adapter 300 is emitted from the adapter laser port 302a of the adapter 300. Further, the carrier gas and the powder material that have passed through the second passage 254 of the DED nozzle 250 and the adapter powder passage 304 of the adapter 300 are discharged from the adapter powder port 304a of the adapter 300.
- the adapter powder passage 304 of the adapter 300 is oriented (angle ⁇ [deg] with respect to the vertical direction) according to the position of the modeling point 253 and the speed V at which the powder material is emitted from the DED nozzle 250. Therefore, by preparing a plurality of adapters 300 having different directions of the adapter powder passages 304, even if the same DED nozzle 250 is used, by changing the adapter 300, the angle ⁇ at which the powder material is emitted from the DED nozzle 250. Can be changed.
- the adapter 300 may be provided with an adapter shield gas passage communicating with the third passage of the DED nozzle 250.
- a DED nozzle used in an AM device is provided, and the DED nozzle is a laser for emitting a laser beam provided at a DED nozzle main body and a tip of the DED nozzle main body.
- a mouth a laser passage that communicates with the laser mouth and allows laser light to pass through the DED nozzle body, and a powder mouth that emits a powder material provided at the tip of the DED nozzle body. It has a powder passage for the powder material to pass through the DED nozzle main body, which communicates with the powder mouth, and the directions of the powder passage and the powder mouth are formed from the powder mouth. It is determined based on the distance to the point, the velocity of the powder material emitted from the powder mouth, and the gravitational acceleration.
- Form 2 in the DED nozzle according to Form 1, the direction of the powder passage and the powder port is such that the speed of the powder material emitted from the powder port is 0.3 m / s or less. It has been decided.
- the powder emitted from the powder port and the laser emitted from the laser port intersect at the modeling point or from the modeling point. It is configured to intersect at a high position.
- a detachable adapter is provided for the DED nozzle used in the AM device, and the adapter communicates with the laser passage of the DED nozzle when attached to the DED nozzle.
- the adapter powder port for ejecting the powder material through the adapter powder passage, and the orientation of the adapter powder passage and the adapter powder port is a modeling point from the adapter powder port. It is determined based on the distance to, the velocity of the powder material emitted from the adapter powder port, and the gravitational acceleration.
- Form 5 According to Form 5, in the adapter according to Form 4, the speed of the powder material emitted from the adapter powder port is set to 0.3 m / s or less, and the adapter powder passage and the adapter powder port are connected. The orientation has been determined.
- Form 6 According to Form 6, in the adapter according to Form 4 or Form 5, the powder emitted from the adapter powder port and the laser emitted from the adapter laser port intersect at the modeling point, or the modeling point. It is configured to intersect at a higher position.
- Form 7 a method for designing a DED nozzle used in an AM device is provided, and such a method is a method for ejecting a powder material provided at the tip of a DED nozzle body. , And the direction of the powder passage communicating with the powder port for the powder material to pass through the DED nozzle body, is emitted from the powder port at a distance from the powder port to the molding point. Determined based on the velocity of the powder material and the acceleration of gravity.
- Form 8 According to Form 8, in the method according to Form 7, the orientation of the powder passage and the powder port is determined so that the speed of the powder material emitted from the powder port is 0.3 m / s or less. do.
- Form 9 According to Form 9, in the method according to Form 7 or Form 8, the powder emitted from the powder port and the laser emitted from the laser port intersect at the modeling point or are higher than the modeling point. The orientation of the powder passage and the powder mouth is determined so as to intersect at the position.
- Form 10 According to Form 10, a method for designing an adapter that can be attached to and detached from the DED nozzle used in the AM device is provided, and such a method applies a powder material while being attached to the tip of the DED nozzle body.
- the direction of the adapter powder port for exiting and the direction of the adapter powder passage communicating with the adapter powder port are the distance from the adapter powder port to the modeling point, and the direction of the adapter powder port is emitted from the adapter powder port. Determined based on the speed of the powder material and the acceleration of gravity.
- Form 11 According to Form 11, in the method according to Form 10, the speed of the powder material emitted from the adapter powder port is set to 0.3 m / s or less, and the adapter powder passage and the adapter powder port are connected. Determine the orientation.
- Form 12 According to Form 12, in the method according to Form 10 or Form 11, the powder emitted from the adapter powder port and the laser emitted from the adapter laser port intersect at the modeling point, or the modeling point.
- the orientation of the adapter powder passage and the adapter powder port is determined so that they intersect at a higher position.
- an AM device is provided, such an AM device being a DED nozzle in any one form from Form 1 to Form 3, or an adapter in any one form from Form 4 to Form 6. Has.
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Abstract
Description
垂直距離:y[m]
水平距離:x[m]
重力加速度:g[m/s2]
DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する角度:θ[deg]
DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度:V[m/s]
とすると、ある粉体粒子が粉体口254aから出射され、時間t[s]後の粉体粒子の位置は、
x=X(t)=Vt×sin(θ)
y=Y(t)=-{(g/2)t2+Vtcos(θ)}
ただし、t=0は粉体粒子がDEDノズル250の粉体口254aを出射するとき
と表すことができる。なお、DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度Vは、キャリアガスが粉体口254aから放出される速度に等しいと仮定している。また、粉体材料が出射する角度θは、鉛直方向に対する角度である。
x=X(t)=Vt×sin(θ)
y=Y(t)=-Vtcos(θ)
となる。具体的には、図4の破線で示されるように、レーザー251が通る第1通路252および粉体材料が通る第2通路254の延長線が造形点253で交差するように設計される。
x=X(t)=Vt×sin(θ)
y=Y(t)=-{(g/2)t2+Vtcos(θ)}
となり、具体的には図4の一点鎖線で示されるようになる。そのため、DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度V[m/s]が小さい場合、粉体粒子は、意図している造形点253に供給されず、造形点253よりも下方の位置に供給されることになる。
垂直距離:-20mm
水平距離:7.25mm
に設計された従来のDEDノズルにおいて、
粒子の速度:V=20[m/s]
粒子の出射角度:θ=20[deg]
重力加速度:g=9.8[m/s2]
としたときの、粉体粒子の軌跡が図5に示されている。また、図5は、同条件で粒子の速度:V=1.0[m/s]としたときの粉体粒子の軌跡を示している。
垂直距離:-20mm
水平距離:7.25mm
の位置とし、
DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度:V=1.0[m/s]
とする場合、θ=22[deg]とすれば、造形点253でレーザーと粉体粒子とが交差する。図6は、かかる条件のときの粉体粒子の軌道を示すグラフである。
垂直距離:-20mm
水平距離:7.25mm
の位置とし、
DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度:V=0.5[m/s]
とする場合、θ=27[deg]とすれば、造形点253でレーザーと粉体粒子とが交差する。図7は、かかる条件のときの粉体粒子の軌道を示すグラフである。
垂直距離:-20mm
水平距離:7.25mm
の位置とし、
DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度:V=0.2[m/s]
とする場合、θ=45[deg]とすれば、造形点253でレーザーと粉体粒子とが交差する。図8は、かかる条件のときの粉体粒子の軌道を示すグラフである。
垂直距離:-20mm
水平距離:7.25mm
の位置とし、
DEDノズル250から粉体材料が出射する速度:V=0.15[m/s]
とする場合、θ=59[deg]とすれば、造形点253でレーザーと粉体粒子とが交差する。図9は、かかる条件のときの粉体粒子の軌道を示すグラフである。
[形態1]形態1によれば、AM装置に使用されるDEDノズルが提供され、かかるDEDノズルは、DEDノズル本体と、前記DEDノズル本体の先端に設けられたレーザー光を出射させるためのレーザー口と、前記レーザー口に連通する、前記DEDノズル本体内をレーザー光が通過するためのレーザー通路と、前記DEDノズル本体の先端に設けられた粉体材料を出射させるための粉体口と、前記粉体口に連通する、前記DEDノズル本体内を粉体材料が通過するための粉体通路と、を有し、前記粉体通路および前記粉体口の向きは、前記粉体口から造形点までの距離、前記粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度、および、重力加速度、に基づいて決定されている。
250…DEDノズル
251…レーザー
252…第1通路
253…造形点
254…第2通路
259…ノズル本体
300…アダプタ
302…アダプタレーザー通路
304…アダプタ粉体通路
252a…レーザー口
254a…粉体口
302a…アダプタレーザー口
304a…アダプタ粉体口
Claims (13)
- AM装置に使用されるDEDノズルであって、
DEDノズル本体と、
前記DEDノズル本体の先端に設けられたレーザー光を出射させるためのレーザー口と、
前記レーザー口に連通する、前記DEDノズル本体内をレーザー光が通過するためのレーザー通路と、
前記DEDノズル本体の先端に設けられた粉体材料を出射させるための粉体口と、
前記粉体口に連通する、前記DEDノズル本体内を粉体材料が通過するための粉体通路と、を有し、
前記粉体通路および前記粉体口の向きは、
前記粉体口から造形点までの距離、
前記粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度、および
重力加速度、
に基づいて決定されている、
DEDノズル。 - 請求項1に記載のDEDノズルであって、
前記粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度が0.3m/s以下として前記粉体通路および前記粉体口の向きが決定されている、
DEDノズル。 - 請求項1または2に記載のDEDノズルであって、
前記粉体口から出射された粉体およびレーザー口から出射されたレーザーは造形点で交差する、または、造形点より高い位置で交差する、ように構成されている、
DEDノズル。 - AM装置に使用されるDEDノズルに着脱可能なアダプタであって、
前記DEDノズルに取り付けられたときに、前記DEDノズルのレーザー通路に連通する、アダプタレーザー通路と、
前記アダプタレーザー通路を通ったレーザーを出射させるためのアダプタレーザー口と、
前記DEDノズルに取り付けられたときに、前記DEDノズルの粉体通路に連通する、アダプタ粉体通路と、
前記アダプタ粉体通路を通った粉体材料を出射させるためのアダプタ粉体口と、を有し、
前記アダプタ粉体通路および前記アダプタ粉体口の向きは、
前記アダプタ粉体口から造形点までの距離、
前記アダプタ粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度、および
重力加速度、
に基づいて決定されている、
アダプタ。 - 請求項4に記載のアダプタであって、
前記アダプタ粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度が0.3m/s以下として前記アダプタ粉体通路および前記アダプタ粉体口の向きが決定されている、
アダプタ。 - 請求項4または5に記載のアダプタであって、
前記アダプタ粉体口から出射された粉体およびアダプタレーザー口から出射されたレーザーが造形点で交差する、または、造形点より高い位置で交差する、ように構成されている、
アダプタ。 - AM装置に使用されるDEDノズルの設計方法であって、
DEDノズル本体の先端に設けられる粉体材料を出射するための粉体口の向き、および、前記DEDノズル本体内を粉体材料が通過するための、前記粉体口に連通する粉体通路の向きを、
前記粉体口から造形点までの距離、
前記粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度、および
重力加速度、
に基づいて決定する、
方法。 - 請求項7に記載の方法であって、
前記粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度が0.3m/s以下として前記粉体通路および前記粉体口の向きを決定する、
方法。 - 請求項7または8に記載の方法であって、
前記粉体口から出射された粉体およびレーザー口から出射されたレーザーは造形点で交差する、または、造形点より高い位置で交差する、ように前記粉体通路および前記粉体口の向きを決定する、
方法。 - AM装置に使用されるDEDノズルに着脱可能なアダプタの設計方法であって、
DEDノズル本体の先端に取り付けられた状態で、粉体材料を出射するためのアダプタ粉体口の向き、および、前記アダプタ粉体口に連通するアダプタ粉体通路の向きを、
前記アダプタ粉体口から造形点までの距離、
前記アダプタ粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度、および
重力加速度、
に基づいて決定する、
方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法であって、
前記アダプタ粉体口から出射される粉体材料の速度が0.3m/s以下として前記アダプタ粉体通路および前記アダプタ粉体口の向きを決定する、
方法。 - 請求項10または11に記載の方法であって、
前記アダプタ粉体口から出射された粉体およびアダプタレーザー口から出射されたレーザーが造形点で交差する、または、造形点より高い位置で交差する、ように前記アダプタ粉体通路および前記アダプタ粉体口の向きを決定する、
方法。 - 請求項1から3のいずれか一項のDEDノズル、または請求項4から6のいずれか一項のアダプタ、を有するAM装置。
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US18/258,828 US20240042529A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-11-18 | Ded nozzle for use with an am apparatus and adapter detachably attachable to a ded nozzle |
EP21919557.5A EP4279210A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-11-18 | Ded nozzle used in am device, and adapter that can be attached to and detached from ded nozzle |
CN202180090537.XA CN116783027A (zh) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-11-18 | 用于am装置的ded喷嘴及可装卸于ded喷嘴的适配器 |
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Citations (6)
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US4724299A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1988-02-09 | Quantum Laser Corporation | Laser spray nozzle and method |
WO1993013871A1 (fr) | 1992-01-07 | 1993-07-22 | Electricite De Strasbourg (S.A.) | Buse coaxiale de traitement superficiel sous irradiation laser, avec apport de materiaux sous forme de poudre |
JP2005219060A (ja) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 粉末金属肉盛ノズル |
JP2011088154A (ja) | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-06 | Hitachi Ltd | レーザ加工ヘッド、及びレーザ肉盛方法 |
JP2019500246A (ja) | 2015-12-31 | 2019-01-10 | エコール・サントラル・ドゥ・ナント | 積層造形(3dプリント)装置の調整のためのシステムおよびその方法 |
JP2021004335A (ja) | 2019-06-27 | 2021-01-14 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | グリース組成物および転がり軸受 |
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- 2021-01-14 JP JP2021004335A patent/JP7486440B2/ja active Active
- 2021-11-18 WO PCT/JP2021/042411 patent/WO2022153666A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2021-11-18 EP EP21919557.5A patent/EP4279210A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-18 US US18/258,828 patent/US20240042529A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-18 CN CN202180090537.XA patent/CN116783027A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US4724299A (en) | 1987-04-15 | 1988-02-09 | Quantum Laser Corporation | Laser spray nozzle and method |
WO1993013871A1 (fr) | 1992-01-07 | 1993-07-22 | Electricite De Strasbourg (S.A.) | Buse coaxiale de traitement superficiel sous irradiation laser, avec apport de materiaux sous forme de poudre |
JP2005219060A (ja) | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 粉末金属肉盛ノズル |
JP2011088154A (ja) | 2009-10-20 | 2011-05-06 | Hitachi Ltd | レーザ加工ヘッド、及びレーザ肉盛方法 |
JP2019500246A (ja) | 2015-12-31 | 2019-01-10 | エコール・サントラル・ドゥ・ナント | 積層造形(3dプリント)装置の調整のためのシステムおよびその方法 |
JP2021004335A (ja) | 2019-06-27 | 2021-01-14 | 株式会社ジェイテクト | グリース組成物および転がり軸受 |
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EP4279210A1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
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