WO2022151878A1 - 上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备 - Google Patents

上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022151878A1
WO2022151878A1 PCT/CN2021/136641 CN2021136641W WO2022151878A1 WO 2022151878 A1 WO2022151878 A1 WO 2022151878A1 CN 2021136641 W CN2021136641 W CN 2021136641W WO 2022151878 A1 WO2022151878 A1 WO 2022151878A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electronic device
time
sent
data packet
encoding
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PCT/CN2021/136641
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨海泉
彭炳光
贺宁
黄凌晨
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP21919068.3A priority Critical patent/EP4258751A4/en
Priority to US18/260,253 priority patent/US20240064731A1/en
Publication of WO2022151878A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022151878A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0251—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices using monitoring of local events, e.g. events related to user activity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/1263—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows
    • H04W72/1268—Mapping of traffic onto schedule, e.g. scheduled allocation or multiplexing of flows of uplink data flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/21—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the uplink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards the network

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and related equipment for pre-application for uplink resources.
  • electronic devices such as smartphones and tablet computers can support more and more different types of services, such as real-time media communication services, cloud gaming services, cloud VR services, etc. If the delay requirement is high, and the delay is large, the user experience may be significantly degraded.
  • an electronic device when it has uplink data to send, it needs to apply for uplink resources from the base station. Due to the large number of signaling interactions between the electronic device and the base station, the delay in sending uplink data will increase; In this way, although the uplink data transmission delay is reduced, when the electronic device has no uplink data to send, the electronic device also processes the uplink resources allocated by the base station. , which will lead to increased power consumption of electronic equipment.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for pre-application for uplink resources and related equipment, which can reduce the delay of sending uplink data by an electronic device and save the power consumption of the electronic device at the same time.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, the method includes: an electronic device encodes data to be sent to generate a data packet to be sent; at the encoding start time t0 of the data packet to be sent, the electronic device predicts The encoding time t1 of the data packet to be sent is M, and the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent is determined according to the encoding time M of the data packet to be sent; the electronic device starts a timer, and the timer The arrival time t2 is earlier than the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent, and the first scheduling request SR is sent from the timer expiration time t2 to the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent
  • the time interval of the time is an SR cycle; at the expiration time t2 of the timer, the electronic device sends an SR to the network device; the electronic device receives the uplink grant information UL Grant sent by the network device; At the time t1
  • the electronic device can predict the time-consuming encoding of the data packet to be sent in the application program (APP), determine the encoding completion time of the data packet to be sent, and perform the encoding of the data packet to be sent in the Send an uplink scheduling request to the network device before the encoding completion time, and apply for uplink resources for the data packets to be sent in advance.
  • APP application program
  • the delay for the electronic device to send the uplink data can be reduced, and the power consumption of the electronic device can be saved at the same time.
  • the expiration time t2 of the timer is equal to the start time t3 of the timer plus the duration T of the timer, and the duration T of the timer is equal to the timer
  • the time interval M3 is equal to the time interval M1 plus the time interval M2, and the time interval M1 is from the expiration time t2 of the timer until the electronic device
  • the time interval for receiving the uplink grant information UL Grant, the time interval M2 is the time interval from the moment when the electronic device receives the uplink grant information UL Grant to the time t1 when the encoding of the data packet to be sent is completed .
  • the time interval M1 is determined by the electronic device according to a first network configuration parameter, wherein the first network configuration parameter is determined by the electronic device when accessing the network device obtained.
  • the time interval M2 is determined by the electronic device according to a second network configuration parameter, wherein the second network configuration parameter is determined by the electronic device when accessing the network device obtained.
  • the electronic device includes: an application layer, an application interface layer and a modem, the application interface layer is used for communication between the application layer and the modem; the application interface layer provides A first interface; the first interface is used by the application layer to transmit the encoding completion time t1 of the to-be-sent data packet to the application interface layer.
  • the electronic device includes: an application layer, an application interface layer and a modem, the application interface layer is used for communication between the application layer and the modem; the application interface layer provides the second interface; the application interface layer is used to generate an AT command, the AT command carries the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent, and the AT command is used to instruct the modem to start the timer; the The second interface is for the application interface layer to transmit the AT command to the modem.
  • the step of sending the SR to the network device by the electronic device at the expiration time t2 of the timer is performed under the following conditions:
  • the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent is earlier than the first time, and the first time is equal to the time t2 of the timer plus the time interval M1 and 1/2 SR period, wherein the time The interval M1 is the time interval from the expiration time t2 of the timer until the electronic device receives the uplink grant information UL Grant.
  • the data to be sent is image data collected by the electronic device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes: one or more processors and one or more memories; wherein the one or more memories are coupled with the one or more processors, The one or more memories are used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, when the one or more processors are executing the computer instructions, cause the electronic device to perform the above-mentioned first aspect The method of any of the above.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium, where the computer storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed on an electronic device, the electronic The device performs the method of any one of the above first aspects.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, where the chip is applied to an electronic device, the chip includes one or more processors, and the processors are configured to invoke computer instructions to cause the electronic device to execute the above-mentioned first step.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method described in any one of the foregoing first aspects.
  • 1 is a schematic diagram of signaling interaction for uplink resource scheduling provided in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of signaling interaction of another uplink resource scheduling provided in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a method for pre-application for uplink resources provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for setting a timer duration provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 6A-6C are schematic diagrams of delay benefits for sending uplink data after performing uplink resource pre-application under different circumstances provided by the embodiments of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of another method for uplink resource pre-application provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Uplink send request is a commonly used technique in cellular networks. Data services are often bursty and discontinuous.
  • the base station does not know when the electronic device has data to send, and therefore does not know when to perform uplink scheduling for the electronic device and allocate uplink transmission radio resources (also referred to as uplink resources).
  • uplink transmission radio resources also referred to as uplink resources.
  • the long term evolution (LTE) protocol and the new radio (NR) protocol support that when the electronic device has uplink data to send, it first sends a scheduling request to the base station. SR). After receiving the SR, the base station schedules the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for the electronic device, and allocates a small amount of uplink resources to the electronic device through the uplink grant (UL Grant) information. Then, the electronic device can send a buffer status report (BSR) to the base station on the PUSCH, and the BSR can be used to notify the base station how much uplink data needs to be sent on the electronic device.
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • UL Grant uplink grant
  • BSR buffer status report
  • the base station can schedule the PUSCH according to the BSR, and allocate uplink resources to the electronic device through uplink grant (UL Grant) information.
  • uplink grant UL Grant
  • the electronic device reports the BSR to notify the base station that the electronic device has no uplink data to send, and the base station stops scheduling the PUSCH.
  • a pre-scheduling mode is adopted: the base station periodically schedules the PUSCH for the electronic device within a period of time, and allocates uplink resources to the electronic device through uplink grant (UL Grant) information.
  • UL Grant uplink grant
  • the electronic device can wait until the next scheduling period arrives, and send the uplink data to be sent in the PUSCH scheduled by the base station.
  • the electronic device may send a padding packet in the PUSCH scheduled by the base station when the next scheduling period arrives.
  • the electronic device when the electronic device sends uplink data, it does not need to send SR to request the base station to schedule the PUSCH. Therefore, the delay for the electronic device to send uplink data is smaller than the delay in the above method 1. However, if the electronic device has no uplink data to be sent, the electronic device still needs to send the padding packet in the PUSCH scheduled by the base station, resulting in increased power consumption of the electronic device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for pre-application for uplink resources.
  • An electronic device can predict the time-consuming coding of a data packet to be sent in an application program (APP), determine the time when the coding of the data packet to be sent is completed, and Send an uplink scheduling request to the network device before the encoding completion time of the data packet, and apply for uplink resources for the data packet to be sent in advance.
  • APP application program
  • the delay in sending the uplink data by the electronic device can be reduced, and the power consumption of the electronic device can be saved at the same time.
  • pre-application means that the electronic device sends an uplink scheduling request to the network device in advance to obtain uplink resources for sending the above-mentioned data packets to be sent.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • 5G 5th Generation mobile communication
  • 5G new radio NR
  • OFDM orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows the architecture of a mobile communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the mobile communication system may include an electronic device 100 , a radio access network device 200 and a core network device 300 .
  • the electronic device 100 is connected to the wireless access network device 200 in a wireless manner, and the wireless access network device 200 is connected to the core network device 300 in a wireless or wired manner.
  • the core network device 300 and the radio access network device 200 may be independent and different physical devices, or the functions of the core network device 300 and the logical functions of the radio access network device 200 may be integrated on the same physical device, or It is a physical device that integrates part of the functions of the core network device 300 and part of the functions of the radio access network device 200 .
  • the electronic device 100 may be fixed-position or movable.
  • the radio access network device 200 (also referred to as a network device) is an access device that the electronic device 100 wirelessly accesses to the mobile communication system, and has a wireless transceiver function.
  • the device includes but is not limited to: an evolved node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS) , home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), next generation node B (next Generation Node B, gNB) in 5G NR network, transmission point (TRP or TP), or network nodes that constitute a gNB or transmission point, such as a baseband unit (BBU), or a distribution unit (DU), etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific radio access technology and specific device form adopted
  • Electronic device 100 may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, User Agent or User Device.
  • the electronic device in the embodiments of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation security
  • the wireless terminals, handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, etc. in safety are not limited here.
  • the radio access network device 200 and the electronic device 100 can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, hand-held or vehicle-mounted, also can be deployed on water, and can also be deployed on aircraft and satellites in the air.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit application scenarios.
  • FIG. 3 is only a schematic diagram of the architecture of the mobile communication system, and the mobile communication system may also include other devices, for example, a wireless relay device and a wireless backhaul device (not shown in FIG. 3 ). This is not limited.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of electronic devices, wireless access network devices, and core network devices included in the mobile communication system.
  • the electronic device 100 and the wireless access network device 200 communicate based on a wireless air interface.
  • the communication protocol stack can be divided into a physical layer, a data link layer and a network layer.
  • the data link layer can be divided into user plane and control plane.
  • the user plane may include a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, and a media access control (media access control, MAC) layer.
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • a logical channel logic channel, LCH
  • the MAC layer provides data transmission on logical channels, and defines different logical channels according to data of different service types.
  • the main function of the PDCP layer is to perform header compression and decompression for user plane data packets.
  • the PDCP layer also has security functions, such as encryption and decryption of user plane data and control plane data, and integrity of control plane data. Protection and verification.
  • Scheduling in the protocol stack is one of the core issues in wireless communication system research. Scheduling mainly includes terminal scheduling, logical channel scheduling and packet scheduling.
  • Terminal scheduling is a process in which the radio access network equipment decides how many resources for sending data are allocated to each terminal.
  • Logical channel scheduling is a process in which the MAC layer decides how many resources for transmitting data are allocated to each logical channel of the RLC layer.
  • Packet scheduling refers to the process by which a logical channel decides how many control messages, retransmitted data, or new data to send in one transmission opportunity.
  • the embodiments of the present application relate to logical channel scheduling, which is also referred to as radio link resource scheduling or MAC scheduling.
  • FIG. 4 exemplarily shows a specific flow of a method for pre-application for uplink resources provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to a communication system including the electronic device 100 and the wireless access network device 200.
  • the specific steps of the method are described in detail below:
  • the electronic device 100 detects an operation of the user initiating a video call, for example, an operation of the user clicking a video call control on a certain application, the electronic device 100 can turn on the camera to collect video frames.
  • the electronic device 100 can start to predict the encoding time M and the data volume of the data packet A to be sent at time t0 (the encoding start time of the data packet A to be sent), and determine that the encoding of the data packet A to be sent is completed according to the encoding time consumption M time t1.
  • the electronic device 100 can accurately predict the data of the data packet A to be sent according to the information such as the picture type in the collected video frame at time t0 (the encoding start time of the data packet A to be sent).
  • the amount and the time for completing the encoding of the data packet A to be sent that is, the encoding time-consuming M, so as to determine the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent according to the encoding time-consuming M, and further, the electronic device 100 can also obtain the data to be sent. Packet A's data type and other information.
  • the electronic device 100 sends the information such as the encoding time M, the encoding completion time t1, the data amount, and the data type of the data packet A to be sent to the application interface layer.
  • the above-mentioned AT command is an interface control command used for communication between the application program and the modem, and can carry the encoding time M, encoding completion time t1, data amount, data type, protocol data unit of the data packet A to be sent (protocol data unit, PDU) session ID, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) flow ID and other information.
  • the above-mentioned application interface layer can provide a standard interface for the application program, and the interface can be used to realize the communication between the application program and the modem.
  • the above-mentioned application interface layer may provide a first interface, and the first interface may be used by an application to transmit to the above-mentioned application interface layer information such as encoding time M, encoding completion time t1, data volume, data type, etc. of the data packet A to be sent .
  • the above-mentioned application interface layer may further provide a second interface, and the second interface may be used for the above-mentioned application interface layer to transmit the generated AT command to the modem, and the AT command may be used to instruct the modem to start a timer.
  • the modem After receiving the above AT command, the modem counts the data amount of the data packet A to be sent carried in the above AT command into the corresponding logical channel, starts a timer at the same time, and triggers the arrival of the next scheduling cycle at time t2 when the timer expires SR, pre-apply for uplink resources.
  • the modem can count the data amount of the data packet A to be sent into the corresponding logical channel according to the information carried in the above AT command.
  • the modem can start a timer, trigger the SR coming in the next scheduling period at the timer expiration time t2, and pre-apply for uplink resources, which are used by the electronic device 100 to send the above-mentioned to-be-sent data to the radio access network device 200 Packet A, that is to say, before the arrival of the encoding completion time t1 of the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent, the electronic device 100 shall pre-apply for uplink resources and apply for uplink resources in advance.
  • the electronic device 100 can send the above-mentioned to-be-sent data packet A to the radio access network device 200 by using the uplink resource that has been applied for in advance.
  • the time interval of the information UL Grant, M2 is the time interval from when the electronic device 100 receives the above-mentioned uplink grant information UL Grant to the time t1 when the encoding of the data packet A to be sent is completed.
  • the coding time M can be accurately predicted, and M1 and M2 need to be further considered based on the SR period, the scheduling strategy of the wireless access network device 200, channel conditions, TDD/FDD, Numerology and other network configuration parameters.
  • M1 will increase, and when the radio access network device 200 is idle, M1 will decrease.
  • the electronic device 100 may determine the priority of sending uplink data on each logical channel according to the service type of uplink data carried by the logical channel. That is to say, the value of M1 needs to be further determined according to multiple network configuration parameters (also referred to as first network configuration parameters), and the value of M2 also needs to be determined according to multiple network configuration parameters (also referred to as second network configuration parameters). ) is further determined to avoid wasting uplink resources as much as possible.
  • the above-mentioned multiple network configuration parameters can be acquired when the electronic device 100 is connected to the wireless access network device 200 .
  • M1 and M2 may increase in some cases, thereby generating some negative delay benefits, but will not affect the beneficial effects of this solution.
  • M1 when the radio access network device 200 is congested, M1 will increase, and the time for the radio access network device 200 to send the uplink grant information UL Grant to the electronic device 100 will be delayed, so some negative effects may occur.
  • the delay time is very short, from the perspective of the total delay benefit, compared with no uplink resource pre-application, the method of implementing the uplink resource pre-application in this solution will still have a positive delay The benefits will not affect the beneficial effects of this program.
  • the timer expiration time t2 may be calculated by using the following method: the timer expiration time t2 is equal to the timer start time t3 plus the timer duration T.
  • the timer duration T is equal to the duration from the timer start time t3 to the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent minus the time interval M3; wherein, the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent is equal to the data packet A to be sent.
  • the coding start time t0 is added to the coding time-consuming M; the time interval M3 is equal to the time interval M1 plus the time interval M2, and the time interval M1 is from the timer to the time t2 until the electronic device 100 receives the transmission from the wireless access network device 200.
  • the time interval of the uplink grant information UL Grant, the time interval M2 is the time interval from the moment when the electronic device 100 receives the uplink grant information UL Grant sent by the wireless access network device 200 to the time t1 when the encoding of the data packet A to be sent is completed.
  • the BSR may be carried by a media access control (MAC) protocol data unit (PDU), and is used to report to the radio access network device 200 how much uplink data ( It can be known from the amount of data carried in the BSR that it needs to be sent, and then the wireless access network device 200 allocates uplink resources to the electronic device 100 by sending uplink grant (UL Grant) information.
  • MAC media access control
  • UL Grant uplink grant
  • the electronic device 100 reports the BSR to notify the wireless access network device 200 that there is no uplink data (that is, the size of the data carried in the BSR is 0) to be sent on the electronic device 100, and the base station stops the uplink resources. schedule.
  • the electronic device 100 may send an SR request to the radio access network device 200 at time t2 to inform the radio access network device 200 that the electronic device 100 has uplink data that needs to be sent.
  • the wireless access network device 200 can schedule the PUSCH for the electronic device 100 according to the resource situation of the network, and allocate a small amount of uplink resources for the electronic device 100 by sending UL Grant1, which can be used by the electronic device 100 to send PUSCH to the electronic device 100.
  • the radio access network device 200 sends the BSR in step S411.
  • the application program in the electronic device 100 may send the data packet A to be sent to the modem.
  • the modem can send a BSR to the radio access network device 200 on the PUSCH, wherein the BSR can include the above-mentioned information such as the data amount of the data packet A to be sent, and is used to notify the radio access network device 200 of how much there is on the electronic device 100 Uplink data needs to be sent.
  • the radio access network device 200 may schedule the PUSCH according to the BSR, and allocate uplink resources to the electronic device 100 by sending UL Grant2.
  • steps S411 and S412 can be performed until all uplink data (all data in the data packet A to be sent) on the electronic device 100 is sent, and the electronic device 100 reports the BSR to the wireless access network device 200 to notify the electronic device 100 When there is no uplink data to be sent, the radio access network device 200 stops scheduling the PUSCH.
  • the electronic device 100 detects the user's operation to end the video call, for example, the user clicks an operation on an application program to end the video call control, the electronic device 100 can turn off the camera and stop capturing video frames.
  • the electronic device can predict the coding time-consuming, data volume and other information of the data packet to be sent in the application program (APP), and determine the coding completion time of the data packet to be sent , and then, the electronic device may send an uplink scheduling request to the wireless access network device before the completion of encoding of the data packet to be sent, and apply for uplink resources for the data packet to be sent in advance, that is, pre-application for uplink resources.
  • the electronic device may send the above-mentioned data packet to be sent to the wireless access network device by using the uplink resource that has been applied for.
  • the delay in sending uplink data by the electronic device can be reduced, and the power consumption of the electronic device can be saved at the same time, and the application scenario is more flexible.
  • this method does not change the existing third-generation cooperation
  • the uplink scheduling process in the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) is easy to implement and has low development costs.
  • the embodiments of this application only take the application scenario of video calling as an example to introduce the method for pre-application for uplink resources in detail, and are not limited to the application scenario of video calling.
  • Other application scenarios such as audio calls, cloud games, and industrial sensor data) Collection and transmission, etc. are also applicable to the method for pre-application for uplink resources provided by the embodiments of the present application, which are not limited here.
  • FIG. 6A-FIG. 6C exemplarily show the delay benefit of sending uplink data after performing uplink resource pre-application under different conditions provided by the embodiments of the present application. The following is a detailed description:
  • the sending time of SR0 is t_SR0
  • the sending time of SR1 is t_SR1 (that is, the timer expires time t2 in the above)
  • the sending time of SR2 is t_SR2 (that is, the data packet A to be sent)
  • the first SR sending time after the encoding completion time t1), the arrival time of the prediction information (including the encoding time M of the data packet A to be sent, the encoding completion time t1, the amount of data, the data type, etc.) is t_prepacket, and the UL Grant I
  • the arrival time is t_ulgrantI
  • the arrival time of UL Grant II is t_ulgrantII.
  • Case 1 The arrival time t1_packet of the data packet A to be sent (the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent) is between the SR1 sending time t_SR1 and the arrival time t_ulgrantI of the UL Grant I.
  • FIG. 6A exemplarily shows the delay benefit of sending uplink data after pre-application for uplink resources in case 1.
  • the electronic device 100 can The above-mentioned data packet A to be sent starts to be sent to the radio access network device 200 at time t_ulgrantI. Since the electronic device 100 has uplink data to be sent (the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent) at time t_ulgrantI, it is not necessary to use padding data packets to process the uplink resources allocated by the radio access network device 200 .
  • the electronic device 100 can only wait for the arrival of the next cycle SR2, that is, the application for uplink resources can only be started until the SR2 sending time t_SR2. Then, the electronic device 100 can only start sending the above-mentioned to-be-sent data packet A to the wireless access network device 200 at the time t_ulgrant II.
  • the padding data packet waste rate may be a ratio of the padding data packet filling duration to the SR period T_SR.
  • padding data packet filling is not required in case 1, that is, the padding data packet filling time is 0. Therefore, the padding data packet waste rate in case 1 is 0.
  • FIG. 6B exemplarily shows the delay benefit of sending uplink data after pre-application for uplink resources in case 2.
  • the application for uplink resources starts at time t_SR1. Since the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent has not arrived at time t_ulgrantI, the electronic device 100 may report a BSR to the wireless access network device 200, wherein the BSR carries the predicted data volume information of the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent, and the wireless The access network 200 can allocate corresponding uplink resources to the electronic device 100 according to the data volume information carried in the BSR.
  • the electronic device 100 needs to use the padding data packet to process wireless access.
  • the electronic device 100 can continue to report the above-mentioned BSR to the wireless access network device 200, until the arrival time t2_packet of the data packet A to be sent, the electronic device 100 starts to send to the wireless access network device 200.
  • the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent that is, before the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent arrives, the uplink resources obtained by the electronic device 100 by reporting the above-mentioned BSR to the wireless access network device 200 need to be processed by padding data packets.
  • the electronic device 100 can only wait for the next cycle
  • the waste rate of padding packets is T_padding/T_SR. Since T_padding is greater than 0 and T_SR is greater than 0, the waste rate of padding packets in case 2 is greater than 0.
  • Case 3 The arrival time t3_packet of the data packet A to be sent (the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent) is between the preset time t' and the SR2 sending time t_SR2.
  • the application for uplink resources starts at time t_SR1. Since the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent has not arrived at time t_ulgrantI, the electronic device 100 may report a BSR to the wireless access network device 200, wherein the BSR carries the predicted data volume information of the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent, and the wireless The access network 200 can allocate corresponding uplink resources to the electronic device 100 according to the data volume information carried in the BSR.
  • the electronic device 100 needs to use the padding data packet to process wireless access.
  • the electronic device 100 can continue to report the above-mentioned BSR to the wireless access network device 200 until the arrival time t3_packet of the data packet A to be sent, the electronic device 100 starts to send the data to the wireless access network device 200.
  • the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent that is, before the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent arrives, the uplink resources obtained by the electronic device 100 by reporting the above-mentioned BSR to the wireless access network device 200 need to be processed by padding data packets.
  • the electronic device 100 can only wait for the next cycle
  • the padding packet waste rate is T'_padding/T_SR. Since T'_padding is greater than 0 and greater than the above T_padding, T_SR is greater than 0. Therefore, the padding packet waste rate in case 3 is greater than 0 and greater than the padding packet in case 2. waste rate.
  • case 1 has the largest delay benefit, and does not require padding packet padding, that is, the padding data packet waste rate is 0; padding packet padding, that is, the padding packet waste rate is greater than 0, which is higher than that in case 1; in case 3, the delay benefit is the smallest, and padding packet padding is required, and the padding packet padding time T'_padding is greater than the padding in case 2
  • the data packet filling time is T_padding, that is, the padding data packet waste rate is higher than the padding data packet waste rate in Case 2.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides another method for pre-application for uplink resources, which can determine whether to perform uplink based on the encoding completion time of the data packet A to be sent.
  • Resource pre-application for example, if the encoding completion time t1 of the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent is earlier than the above-mentioned preset time t', the uplink resource pre-application is performed. Assuming the time t', no uplink resource pre-application is performed. In this way, the waste of padding data packets can be reduced while the uplink data transmission delay can be reduced, thereby saving the power consumption of the electronic device.
  • FIG. 7 is a specific flow of another method for pre-application for uplink resources provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method can be applied to a communication system including an electronic device 100 and a wireless access network device 200.
  • the specific steps of the method are described in detail below:
  • the electronic device 100 detects an operation of the user initiating a video call, for example, the user clicks an operation of a video call control on a certain application, and the electronic device 100 can turn on the camera to collect video frames.
  • the electronic device 100 can start to predict the encoding time M and the data volume of the data packet A to be sent at time t0 (the encoding start time of the data packet A to be sent), and determine that the encoding of the data packet A to be sent is completed according to the encoding time consumption M time t1.
  • steps S701-S703 for the specific execution process of steps S701-S703, reference may be made to the relevant content in steps S401-S403 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device 100 determines, according to the predicted time t1 of the encoding completion of the data packet A to be sent, that the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent is earlier than the preset time t'.
  • the electronic device 100 can determine whether the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent is earlier than the preset time t' according to the predicted time t1 of the encoding completion of the data packet A to be sent. If yes, the electronic device 100 may continue to perform step S705 and subsequent steps. At time t2, the electronic device 100 sends an SR to the wireless access network device 200, that is, pre-application for uplink resources; if not, the electronic device 100 may not continue Step S705 and subsequent steps are performed, or the electronic device 100 may continue to perform steps S705 to S708, but at time t2, the electronic device 100 does not send an SR to the radio access network device 200, that is, does not pre-apply for uplink resources.
  • the encoding completion time t1 of the above-mentioned data packet A to be sent (that is, the arrival time t3_packet of the data packet A to be sent in the above-mentioned FIG. 6C ) is later than the preset time t', then the electronic The device 100 can only wait until the SR2 sending time t_SR2 to start applying for uplink resources, and does not pre-apply for uplink resources. Therefore, the waste of padding data packets can be reduced.
  • the above-mentioned preset time t' may be adaptively adjusted according to different application scenarios or different requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 sends the information such as the encoding time M, the encoding completion time t1, the data amount, and the data type of the data packet A to be sent to the application interface layer.
  • the above-mentioned AT command is an interface control command used for communication between the application program and the modem, and can carry the encoding time M, encoding completion time t1, data amount, data type, protocol data unit of the data packet A to be sent (protocol data unit, PDU) session ID, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) flow ID and other information.
  • the modem After receiving the above AT command, the modem counts the data amount of the data packet A to be sent carried in the above AT command into the corresponding logical channel, starts a timer at the same time, and triggers the arrival of the next scheduling cycle at time t2 when the timer expires SR, pre-apply for uplink resources.
  • steps S705-S708 For the specific execution process of steps S705-S708, reference may be made to the relevant content in steps S404-S407 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, which is not repeated here.
  • the electronic device 100 may send an SR request to the radio access network device 200 at time t2 to notify the radio access network device 200 that the electronic device 100 has uplink data that needs to be sent.
  • the above-mentioned time t2 may be the SR1 sending time T_SR1 in the aforementioned FIGS. 6A-6C .
  • the modem may send SR1, that is, an uplink scheduling request, to the radio access network device 200 at the SR1 sending time T_SR1 to pre-apply for uplink resources, which are used for sending SR1 to the radio access network.
  • the device 200 notifies the electronic device 100 that there is uplink data that needs to be sent.
  • the wireless access network device 200 can schedule the PUSCH for the electronic device 100 according to the resource situation of the network, and allocate a small amount of uplink resources to the electronic device 100 by sending UL Grant1, which can be used by the electronic device 100 to send the PUSCH to the electronic device 100.
  • the radio access network device 200 sends the BSR in step S712.
  • the arrival time t1_packet of the data packet A to be sent arrives earlier than the UL Grant I (that is, the UL Grant1 described in step S710 )
  • the UL Grant I that is, the UL Grant1 described in step S710
  • time t_ulgrantI that is to say, before the wireless access network 200 schedules the PUSCH for the electronic device 100 and allocates a small amount of uplink resources to the electronic device 100 by sending UL Grant1
  • the data packet A to be sent has reached the modem. Therefore, the electronic device 100 may use a small amount of uplink resources allocated by the radio access network device 200 to send the BSR in step S712.
  • the arrival time t2_packet of the data packet A to be sent (that is, the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet A to be sent) is later than the UL Grant I (that is, the UL Grant1 described in step S810)
  • the arrival time t_ulgrantI that is to say, after the wireless access network 200 schedules the PUSCH for the electronic device 100 and allocates a small amount of uplink resources for the electronic device 100 by sending UL Grant1
  • the data packet A to be sent arrives at the modem, then, at the time Between t_ulgrantI and time t2_packet, the electronic device 100 may use padding data packets to process a small amount of uplink resources allocated by the radio access network device 200 .
  • the electronic device 100 starts to transmit the BSR in step S712 again.
  • the application program in the electronic device 100 may send the data packet to be sent to the modem.
  • the modem can send a BSR to the radio access network device 200 on the PUSCH, wherein the BSR can include the above-mentioned information such as the data volume of the data packet to be sent, and is used to notify the radio access network device 200 of how many uplinks there are on the electronic device 100 Data needs to be sent.
  • the radio access network device 200 may schedule the PUSCH according to the BSR, and allocate uplink resources to the electronic device 100 by sending UL Grant2.
  • step S712 and step S713 can be continuously performed until all uplink data (all data in the data packet A to be sent) on the electronic device 100 is sent, and the electronic device 100 reports the BSR to the wireless access network device 200 to notify the electronic device 100 When there is no uplink data to be sent, the radio access network device 200 stops scheduling the PUSCH.
  • the electronic device 100 detects the user's operation to end the video call, for example, the user clicks an operation on an application program to end the video call control, the electronic device 100 can turn off the camera and stop capturing video frames.
  • the electronic device can predict the coding time-consuming, data volume and other information of the data packet to be sent in the application program (APP), and determine the coding completion time of the data packet to be sent , and then, the electronic device can determine whether the encoding completion time of the data packet to be sent is earlier than the preset time, and if so, the electronic device can predict the completion time of the encoding of the data packet to be sent to the wireless access network device before the arrival.
  • the electronic device can use the uplink resources that have been applied for to send to the wireless network.
  • the access network device sends the above-mentioned to-be-sent data packet. In this way, the waste of padding data packets can be reduced while the time delay for sending uplink data of the electronic device is reduced, thereby further saving the power consumption of the electronic device.
  • the embodiments of this application only take the application scenario of video calling as an example to introduce the method for pre-application for uplink resources in detail, and are not limited to the application scenario of video calling.
  • Other application scenarios such as audio calls, cloud games, and industrial sensor data) Collection and transmission, etc. are also applicable to the method for pre-application for uplink resources provided by the embodiments of the present application, which are not limited here.
  • Table 2 exemplarily shows the use of the baseline scheme (without pre-application for uplink resources), scheme 1 in the embodiment of the present application (pre-application for uplink resources without considering the waste of padding data packets), scheme 2 in the embodiment of the present application (Pre-application for uplink resources, considering the waste of padding packets) delay benefit.
  • the time deviation ⁇ t of the arrival of the data packet to be sent may be the arrival time t2_packet of the data packet A to be sent in the text description of FIG. 6B (or the arrival time t3_packet of the data packet A to be sent in the text description of FIG. 6C )
  • the SR period T_SR is configured to be 80ms.
  • the time deviation ⁇ t of the arrival of the data packet to be sent is in the range of 1ms to 39ms, indicating that the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent is earlier than the aforementioned preset time t ' (for example, case 2 shown in Figure 6B); the time deviation ⁇ t of the arrival of the data packet to be sent is in the range of 41ms to 79ms, indicating that the encoding completion time t1 of the data packet to be sent is later than the aforementioned preset time t' (for example, as shown in Fig. Case 3) shown in 6C.
  • the radio access network device 200 turns off pre-scheduling and the transmitter and receiver are in the same cell, in the embodiment of the present application, it is assumed that the total time T_BSR for BSR application and transmission of the data packet to be sent is 5ms.
  • Table 2 the baseline scheme delay, the scheme 1 delay in the embodiment of the present application, and the scheme 2 delay in the embodiment of the present application are respectively described in detail below:
  • the encoding completion time t1 of the packet is earlier than the aforementioned preset time t' or later than the aforementioned preset time t'
  • the uplink resource pre-application is performed. Therefore, the delay ⁇ T1 does not vary with the time deviation ⁇ t of the arrival of the data packet to be sent. change, both are 5ms.
  • the total average delay benefit of scheme 1 in the embodiment of the present application is 40ms.
  • the time deviation ⁇ t of the arrival of the data packets to be sent is in the range of 1ms to 39ms, that is to say, the encoding completion time t1 of the data packets to be sent is earlier than the aforementioned preset time t' (such as In case 2) shown in FIG. 6B , both pre-application for uplink resources are performed.
  • both the solution 1 and the solution 2 in the embodiments of the present application reduce the sending delay of the data packets to be sent.
  • the delay benefit of the solution 1 in the embodiment of the present application is relatively large, but it may increase the waste of padding data packets. Small padding data packets are wasted. Therefore, scheme 1 and scheme 2 in the embodiments of the present application may be selected according to different requirements. For example, if the requirement for delay is relatively high, scheme 1 in the embodiment of the present application may be selected, and if the delay and waste of padding data packets are comprehensively considered, scheme 2 in the embodiment of the present application may be selected.
  • FIG. 8 exemplarily shows the structure of an electronic device 100 provided in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 may include: a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone jack 170D, sensor module 180, key 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, a display screen 194, and a subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195 and the like.
  • a processor 110 an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, headphone jack 170D, sensor module 180, key 190, motor 191, indicator 192
  • the sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, and ambient light. Sensor 180L, bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.
  • the structures illustrated in the embodiments of the present invention do not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 may include more or less components than shown, or combine some components, or separate some components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example, the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processor (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU) Wait. Wherein, different processing units may be independent devices, or may be integrated in one or more processors.
  • application processor application processor, AP
  • modem processor graphics processor
  • graphics processor graphics processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • controller memory
  • video codec digital signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • NPU neural-network processing unit
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device 100 .
  • the controller can generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and timing signal, and complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • a memory may also be provided in the processor 110 for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in processor 110 is cache memory. This memory may hold instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the processor 110 . If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided and the latency of the processor 110 is reduced, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • the interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous transceiver (universal asynchronous transmitter) receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (MIPI), general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (SIM) interface, and / or universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface, etc.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous transceiver
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus that includes a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL).
  • the processor 110 may contain multiple sets of I2C buses.
  • the processor 110 can be respectively coupled to the touch sensor 180K, the charger, the flash, the camera 193 and the like through different I2C bus interfaces.
  • the processor 110 may couple the touch sensor 180K through the I2C interface, so that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K communicate with each other through the I2C bus interface, so as to realize the touch function of the electronic device 100 .
  • the I2S interface can be used for audio communication.
  • the processor 110 may contain multiple sets of I2S buses.
  • the processor 110 may be coupled with the audio module 170 through an I2S bus to implement communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170 .
  • the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the I2S interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through a Bluetooth headset.
  • the PCM interface can also be used for audio communications, sampling, quantizing and encoding analog signals.
  • the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface.
  • the audio module 170 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through the Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.
  • the UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication.
  • the bus may be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication.
  • a UART interface is typically used to connect the processor 110 with the wireless communication module 160 .
  • the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to implement the Bluetooth function.
  • the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface, so as to realize the function of playing music through the Bluetooth headset.
  • the MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with peripheral devices such as the display screen 194 and the camera 193 .
  • MIPI interfaces include camera serial interface (CSI), display serial interface (DSI), etc.
  • the processor 110 communicates with the camera 193 through a CSI interface, so as to realize the photographing function of the electronic device 100 .
  • the processor 110 communicates with the display screen 194 through the DSI interface to implement the display function of the electronic device 100 .
  • the GPIO interface can be configured by software.
  • the GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal.
  • the GPIO interface may be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, the display screen 194, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the sensor module 180, and the like.
  • the GPIO interface can also be configured as I2C interface, I2S interface, UART interface, MIPI interface, etc.
  • the USB interface 130 is an interface that conforms to the USB standard specification, and may specifically be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, and the like.
  • the USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the electronic device 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones to play audio through the headphones.
  • the interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices.
  • the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention is only a schematic illustration, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device 100 .
  • the electronic device 100 may also adopt different interface connection manners in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection manners.
  • the charging management module 140 is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 140 may receive charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 130 .
  • the charging management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. While the charging management module 140 charges the battery 142 , the electronic device 100 can also be powered by the power management module 141 .
  • the power management module 141 is used for connecting the battery 142 , the charging management module 140 and the processor 110 .
  • the power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140 and supplies power to the processor 110 , the internal memory 121 , the external memory, the display screen 194 , the camera 193 , and the wireless communication module 160 .
  • the power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance).
  • the power management module 141 may also be provided in the processor 110 .
  • the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may also be provided in the same device.
  • the wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modulation and demodulation processor, the baseband processor, and the like.
  • Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in electronic device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization.
  • the antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of the wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.
  • the mobile communication module 150 may provide wireless communication solutions including 2G/3G/4G/5G etc. applied on the electronic device 100 .
  • the mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA) and the like.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves from the antenna 1, filter and amplify the received electromagnetic waves, and transmit them to the modulation and demodulation processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modulation and demodulation processor, and then turn it into an electromagnetic wave for radiation through the antenna 1 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the processor 110 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be provided in the same device as at least part of the modules of the processor 110 .
  • the modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing.
  • the low frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and passed to the application processor.
  • the application processor outputs sound signals through audio devices (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.), or displays images or videos through the display screen 194 .
  • the modem processor may be a stand-alone device.
  • the modem processor may be independent of the processor 110, and may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can provide applications on the electronic device 100 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), global navigation satellites Wireless communication solutions such as global navigation satellite system (GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), and infrared technology (IR).
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • BT Bluetooth
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • FM frequency modulation
  • NFC near field communication
  • IR infrared technology
  • the wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110 .
  • the wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110 , perform frequency modulation on it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves for radiation through the antenna 2 .
  • the antenna 1 of the electronic device 100 is coupled with the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled with the wireless communication module 160, so that the electronic device 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Time Division Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR technology, etc.
  • the GNSS may include global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS), global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (beidou navigation satellite system, BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • global positioning system global positioning system, GPS
  • global navigation satellite system global navigation satellite system, GLONASS
  • Beidou navigation satellite system beidou navigation satellite system, BDS
  • quasi-zenith satellite system quadsi -zenith satellite system, QZSS
  • SBAS satellite based augmentation systems
  • the electronic device 100 implements a display function through a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.
  • the GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor.
  • the GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.
  • Display screen 194 is used to display images, videos, and the like.
  • Display screen 194 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light).
  • LED diode AMOLED
  • flexible light-emitting diode flexible light-emitting diode (flex light-emitting diode, FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light-emitting diode (quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED) and so on.
  • the electronic device 100 may include one or N display screens 194 , where N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the electronic device 100 may implement a shooting function through an ISP, a camera 193, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen 194, an application processor, and the like.
  • Camera 193 is used to capture still images or video.
  • the object is projected through the lens to generate an optical image onto the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor.
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • the ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other formats of image signals.
  • the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193 , where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • a digital signal processor is used to process digital signals, in addition to processing digital image signals, it can also process other digital signals. For example, when the electronic device 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy and so on.
  • Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video.
  • the electronic device 100 may support one or more video codecs.
  • the electronic device 100 can play or record videos of various encoding formats, such as: Moving Picture Experts Group (moving picture experts group, MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4 and so on.
  • MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group
  • MPEG2 moving picture experts group
  • MPEG3 MPEG4
  • MPEG4 Moving Picture Experts Group
  • the NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural-network
  • Applications such as intelligent cognition of the electronic device 100 can be implemented through the NPU, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, and the like.
  • the external memory interface 120 can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device 100 .
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to realize the data storage function. For example to save files like music, video etc in external memory card.
  • Internal memory 121 may be used to store computer executable program code, which includes instructions.
  • the processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device 100 by executing the instructions stored in the internal memory 121 .
  • the internal memory 121 may include a storage program area and a storage data area.
  • the storage program area can store the operating system, an application program required for at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.) and the like.
  • the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) created during the use of the electronic device 100 and the like.
  • the internal memory 121 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.
  • the electronic device 100 may implement audio functions through an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, an application processor, and the like. Such as music playback, recording, etc.
  • the audio module 170 is used for converting digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and also for converting analog audio input into digital audio signal. Audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be provided in the processor 110 .
  • Speaker 170A also referred to as a "speaker" is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the electronic device 100 can listen to music through the speaker 170A, or listen to a hands-free call.
  • the receiver 170B also referred to as "earpiece" is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the voice can be answered by placing the receiver 170B close to the human ear.
  • the microphone 170C also called “microphone” or “microphone” is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.
  • the user can make a sound by approaching the microphone 170C through a human mouth, and input the sound signal into the microphone 170C.
  • the electronic device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which can implement a noise reduction function in addition to collecting sound signals. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further be provided with three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and implement directional recording functions.
  • the earphone jack 170D is used to connect wired earphones.
  • the earphone interface 170D can be the USB interface 130, or can be a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.
  • OMTP open mobile terminal platform
  • CTIA cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA
  • the keys 190 include a power-on key, a volume key, and the like. Keys 190 may be mechanical keys. It can also be a touch key.
  • the electronic device 100 may receive key inputs and generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function control of the electronic device 100 .
  • Motor 191 can generate vibrating cues.
  • the motor 191 can be used for vibrating alerts for incoming calls, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback.
  • touch operations acting on different applications can correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • the motor 191 can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects for touch operations on different areas of the display screen 194 .
  • Different application scenarios for example: time reminder, receiving information, alarm clock, games, etc.
  • the touch vibration feedback effect can also support customization.
  • the indicator 192 can be an indicator light, which can be used to indicate the charging state, the change of the power, and can also be used to indicate a message, a missed call, a notification, and the like.
  • the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 8 is only an example, and the electronic device 100 may have more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 8 , two or more components may be combined, or Different component configurations are possible.
  • the various components shown in FIG. 8 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.
  • FIG. 9 exemplarily shows the structure of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 may include: an application layer 901 , an application interface layer 902 , and a modem 903 .
  • the application layer 901 may include a series of applications, wherein the applications (also referred to as applications) may include camera, gallery, call, video, music, Bluetooth, SMS, calendar, navigation, map, and the like.
  • the application program in the application layer 901 can provide the audio and video coding function, for example, the WeChat application program can provide the video call function, can collect video frames, and perform the processing of the collected video frames. Encode to generate data packets to be sent.
  • the application interface layer 902 may provide a standard interface for the application layer 901 that may be used for communication between the application layer 901 and the modem 903 .
  • the application interface layer 902 may provide a first interface, and the first interface may be used by the application layer 901 to transmit the to-be-sent data packet A described in the foregoing embodiments to the application interface layer 902 The encoding time-consuming M and other information.
  • the application interface layer 902 may further provide a second interface, and the second interface may be used for the application interface layer 902 to transmit the generated AT command to the modem 903 .
  • Modem 903 may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low frequency baseband signal.
  • the modem 903 may receive the AT command through the second interface provided by the application interface layer 902, and then start a timer, and send an uplink scheduling request to the network device for uplink resource pre-schedule when the timer expires.
  • the modem 903 can also use the uplink resources allocated by the network device to send the data packets to be sent generated by the application program 901 .
  • FIG. 10 exemplarily shows the structure of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 100 may include: a processor 1001 , a receiver 1002 , a transmitter 1003 , a memory 1004 and a bus 1005 .
  • the processor 1001 includes one or more processing cores, and the processor 1001 executes various functional applications and information processing by running software programs and modules.
  • the receiver 1002 and the transmitter 1003 may be implemented as a communication component, which may be a baseband chip.
  • the memory 1004 is connected to the processor 1001 through the bus 1005 .
  • the memory 1004 may be configured to store at least one program instruction, and the processor 1001 may be configured to execute the at least one program instruction, so as to implement the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the implementation principle and technical effect thereof are similar to the related embodiments of the above method, and are not repeated here.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, which can implement or
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the methods disclosed in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as executed by a hardware processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SS), etc., or may also be a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (RAM).
  • Memory is, without limitation, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in this embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • When implemented in software it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable apparatus.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.)
  • a readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media can be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes) ), optical media (eg, digital video disc (DWD), or semiconductor media (eg, SSD), etc.).

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备，电子设备可以对应用程序(APP)中待发送数据包的编码耗时进行预测，确定待发送数据包的编码完成时刻，并在该待发送数据包的编码完成时刻之前向网络设备发送上行调度请求，提前为待发送数据包申请上行资源，如此，可以减小电子设备发送上行数据的时延，同时节省电子设备的功耗。

Description

上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备
本申请要求于2021年01月12日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为2021100406477、申请名称为“上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备。
背景技术
随着终端技术的发展，智能手机、平板电脑等电子设备可以支持越来越多不同种类的业务，例如，实时媒体通信业务、云游戏业务、云VR业务等，这些业务均对端到端时延要求较高，时延大，则可能造成用户体验明显下降。
目前，当电子设备有上行数据要发送时，需要向基站申请上行资源，由于电子设备与基站之间的信令交互较多，会导致上行数据发送时延增大；或者，基站可以在一段时间内周期性为电子设备分配上行资源，用于电子设备发送上行数据，这样，虽然上行数据发送时延减小，但是当电子设备没有上行数据需要发送时，电子设备也要处理基站分配的上行资源，会导致电子设备功耗增大。
因此，如何减小电子设备发送上行数据的时延，同时节省电子设备的功耗，是当前研究中亟待解决的一个问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种上行资源预申请的方法及相关设备，可以减小电子设备发送上行数据的时延，同时节省电子设备的功耗。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种通信方法，该方法包括：电子设备对待发送数据进行编码生成待发送数据包；在所述待发送数据包的编码开始时刻t0，所述电子设备预测所述待发送数据包的编码耗时M，并根据所述待发送数据包的编码耗时M确定所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1；所述电子设备启动定时器，所述定时器的到时时刻t2早于所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1，并且所述定时器的到时时刻t2到所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1后的第一个调度请求SR发送时刻的时间间隔为一个SR周期；在所述定时器的到时时刻t2，所述电子设备向网络设备发送SR；所述电子设备接收到所述网络设备发送的上行授权信息UL Grant；在所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1，所述电子设备利用所述UL Grant指示的上行资源发送所述待发送数据包。
本申请实施例通过第一方面提供的方法，电子设备可以对应用程序(APP)中待发送数据包的编码耗时进行预测，确定待发送数据包的编码完成时刻，并在该待发送数据包的编码完成时刻之前向网络设备发送上行调度请求，提前为待发送数据包申请上行资源，如此，可以减小电子设备发送上行数据的时延，同时节省电子设备的功耗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述定时器的到时时刻t2等于所述定时器的起始时刻t3加上 所述定时器的时长T，所述定时器的时长T等于所述定时器的起始时刻t3到所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1的时长减去时间间隔M3；其中，所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1等于所述待发送数据包的编码开始时刻t0加上所述待发送数据包的编码耗时M；所述时间间隔M3等于时间间隔M1加上时间间隔M2，所述时间间隔M1是从所述定时器的到时时刻t2直至所述电子设备接收到所述上行授权信息UL Grant的时间间隔，所述时间间隔M2是从所述电子设备接收到所述上行授权信息UL Grant的时刻到所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1的时间间隔。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时间间隔M1是所述电子设备根据第一网络配置参数确定的，其中，所述第一网络配置参数由所述电子设备在接入所述网络设备时获取得到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时间间隔M2是所述电子设备根据第二网络配置参数确定的，其中，所述第二网络配置参数由所述电子设备在接入所述网络设备时获取得到的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备包括：应用层、应用接口层和调制解调器，所述应用接口层用于所述应用层与所述调制解调器之间进行通信；所述应用接口层提供第一接口；所述第一接口用于所述应用层向所述应用接口层传输所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备包括：应用层、应用接口层和调制解调器，所述应用接口层用于所述应用层与所述调制解调器之间进行通信；所述应用接口层提供第二接口；所述应用接口层用于生成AT命令，所述AT命令携带所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1，所述AT命令用于指示所述调制解调器启动所述定时器；所述第二接口用于所述应用接口层向所述调制解调器传输所述AT命令。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在下述条件下执行所述在所述定时器的到时时刻t2，所述电子设备向网络设备发送SR的步骤：
所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1早于第一时刻，所述第一时刻等于所述定时器的到时时刻t2加上时间间隔M1和1/2个SR周期，其中，所述时间间隔M1是从所述定时器的到时时刻t2直至所述电子设备接收到所述上行授权信息UL Grant的时间间隔。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述待发送数据是所述电子设备采集的图像数据。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括：一个或多个处理器，一个或多个存储器；其中，一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，所述一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当所述一个或多个处理器在执行所述计算机指令时，使得所述电子设备执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括程序指令，当所述程序指令在电子设备上运行时，使得所述电子设备执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片，所述芯片应用于电子设备，所述芯片包括一个或多个处理器，所述处理器用于调用计算机指令以使得所述电子设备执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运 行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面中任一项所述的方法。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中提供的一种上行资源调度的信令交互示意图；
图2是现有技术中提供的另一种上行资源调度的信令交互示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种移动通信系统的架构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种上行资源预申请的方法流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种定时器时长设置方法示意图；
图6A-图6C是本申请实施例提供的不同情况下进行上行资源预申请后发送上行数据的时延收益示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种上行资源预申请的方法流程示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；文本中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，另外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。
应当理解，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本申请所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
上行发送请求是蜂窝网络中普遍采用的技术。数据业务往往是突发的，不连续的。对于上行数据，基站并不知道电子设备什么时候有数据发送，因此也不确定什么时候应该给电子设备进行上行调度，分配上行传输无线资源(也可以称为上行资源)。通常通过如下两种方式解决上述问题：
方式一：如图1所示，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)协议和新空口(new radio，NR)协议支持当电子设备有上行数据需要发送时，首先向基站发送调度请求(scheduling request，SR)。基站收到SR后为电子设备调度物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)，通过上行授权(UL Grant)信息为电子设备分配少量的上行资源。然后，电子设备可以在该PUSCH上发送缓存状态报告(buffer status report，BSR)给基站，该BSR 可用于通知基站电子设备上有多少上行数据需要发送。接着，基站可以根据BSR调度PUSCH，通过上行授权(UL Grant)信息为电子设备分配上行资源。直至电子设备上所有上行数据发送完成，电子设备上报BSR通知基站该电子设备没有上行数据需要发送，基站停止调度PUSCH。
方式二：如图2所示，采用预调度的方式：基站在一段时间内周期性为电子设备调度PUSCH，并通过上行授权(UL Grant)信息为电子设备分配上行资源。当电子设备有上行数据需要发送时，电子设备可以等到下一个调度周期到来，在基站调度的PUSCH中发送需要发送的上行数据。当电子设备没有需要发送的上行数据时，电子设备可以在下一个调度周期到来时，在基站调度的PUSCH中发送填充(padding)包。
上述方式一中，当电子设备有上行数据发送时，需要通过发送SR来请求基站调度PUSCH，这样电子设备发送上行数据的时延较大，对于那些对时延要求较高的业务，例如，实时媒体通信业务、云VR业务、云游戏业务等，时延大可能会造成用户体验明显下降。
上述方式二中，当电子设备有上行数据发送时，不需要通过发送SR来请求基站调度PUSCH，因此，电子设备发送上行数据的时延比上述方式一的时延更小。但是，如果电子设备没有需要发送的上行数据时，电子设备仍需要在基站调度的PUSCH中发送padding包，导致电子设备功耗增大。
本申请实施例提供了一种上行资源预申请的方法，电子设备可以对应用程序(APP)中待发送数据包的编码耗时进行预测，确定待发送数据包的编码完成时刻，并在该待发送数据包的编码完成时刻之前向网络设备发送上行调度请求，提前为待发送数据包申请上行资源，如此，可以减小电子设备发送上行数据的时延，同时节省电子设备的功耗。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，“预申请”是指电子设备提前向网络设备发送上行调度请求，获得用于发送上述待发送数据包的上行资源。
应当理解，本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如，长期演进(long term evolution,LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex,FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex,TDD)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access,CDMA)系统、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system,UMTS)、无线局域网(wireless local area network,WLAN)等通信系统，以及，第五代移动通信(the 5th Genenration mobile communication,5G)系统或5G新空口(new radio,NR)系统或基于正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)技术的通信系统等，在此不作限定。
图3示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种移动通信系统的架构。
如图3所示，该移动通信系统可以包括电子设备100、无线接入网设备200和核心网设备300。电子设备100通过无线的方式与无线接入网设备200连接，无线接入网设备200通过无线或有线的方式与核心网设备300连接。核心网设备300和无线接入网设备200可以是独立的不同的物理设备，还可以是将核心网设备300的功能与无线接入网设备200的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备300的功能和部分的无线接入网设备200的功能。电子设备100可以是固定位置的，还可以是可移动的。
无线接入网设备200(也可称为网络设备)是电子设备100通过无线方式接入到该移动通信系统中的接入设备，具有无线收发功能，该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved  Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，5G NR网络中的下一代节点B(next Generation Node B，gNB)、传输点(TRP或TP)，或构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distribution unit，DU)等等。本申请实施例对无线接入网设备200所采用的具体无线接入技术和具体设备形态不作限定。
电子设备100也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。本申请的实施例中的电子设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(selfdriving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备等等，在此不作限定。
无线接入网设备200和电子设备100可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载，也可以部署在水面上，还可以部署在空中的飞机和人造卫星上。本申请实施例对应用场景不作限定。
应当理解，图3仅仅为该移动通信系统的架构示意图，该移动通信系统中还可以包括其它设备，例如，还可以包括无线中继设备和无线回传设备(图3中未示出)，在此不作限定。本申请实施例对该移动通信系统中包括的电子设备、无线接入网设备和核心网设备的数量不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备100和无线接入网设备200基于无线空口进行通信。目前，在移动通信系统中，通信协议栈可分为物理层、数据链路层以及网络层。数据链路层可以分为用户面和控制面。用户面可以包括分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol,PDCP)层，无线链路控制(radio link control,RLC)层，媒体接入控制(media access control,MAC)层。例如，RLC层与MAC层之间可以由逻辑信道(logic channel,LCH)连通。又如，MAC层提供逻辑信道上的数据传输，根据不同业务类型的数据定义了不同逻辑信道。PDCP层的主要功能是为用户面数据包进行头压缩和解压缩，此外，PDCP层还具有安全性功能，例如，为用户面数据和控制面数据的加密和解密、为控制面数据的进行完整性保护和验证。
协议栈中的调度是无线通信系统研究的核心问题之一。调度主要包括终端调度、逻辑信道调度和包调度。终端调度是由无线接入网设备决定给每个终端分别分配多少用于发送数据的资源的过程。逻辑信道调度是MAC层决定给RLC层的每个逻辑信道分别分配多少用于发送数据的资源的过程。包调度是指逻辑信道决定在一次发送机会里面分别发送多少控制消息、重传数据或者新数据的过程。本申请实施例涉及的是逻辑信道调度，逻辑信道调度又称为无线链路资源调度或MAC调度。
图4示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种上行资源预申请的方法的具体流程。
应用场景：视频通话。
如图4所示，该方法可以应用于包括电子设备100和无线接入网设备200的通信系统，下面详细介绍该方法的具体步骤：
S401-S402、电子设备100检测到用户启动视频通话的操作，例如用户点击某一个应用程序上视频通话控件的操作，电子设备100可以打开摄像头进行视频帧采集。
S403、电子设备100可以在时刻t0(待发送数据包A的编码开始时刻)开始预测待发送数据包A的编码耗时M和数据量，根据编码耗时M确定待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1。
具体地，电子设备100在整个视频通话过程中，由于电子设备100会不断地采集视频帧，并对采集的视频帧进行编码，因此可能生成多个待发送数据包(例如待发送数据包A、待发送数据包B、待发送数据包C等)。以待发送数据包A为例，电子设备100可以在时刻t0(待发送数据包A的编码开始时刻)开始根据采集完的视频帧中的画面类型等信息，准确预测待发送数据包A的数据量和对待发送数据包A完成编码的时间，即编码耗时M，从而根据编码耗时M确定待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1，进一步地，电子设备100还可以获取到该待发送数据包A的数据类型等信息。
S404、电子设备100将待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型等信息发送到应用接口层。
S405-S406、上述应用接口层接收到上述待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型等信息之后，根据上述信息，生成AT命令(attention command)。然后，上述应用接口层将上述AT命令发送给调制解调器。其中，上述AT命令是一种用于应用程序与调制解调器之间进行通信的接口控制命令，可以携带有待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型、协议数据单元(protocol data unit,PDU)会话ID、服务质量(quality of service,QoS)流ID等信息。
其中，上述应用接口层可以为应用程序提供标准接口，通过该接口可以用于实现应用程序与调制解调器之间进行通信。例如，上述应用接口层可以提供第一接口，该第一接口可以用于应用程序向上述应用接口层传输待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型等信息。又例如，上述应用接口层还可以提供第二接口，该第二接口可以用于上述应用接口层向调制解调器传输生成的AT命令，该AT命令可以用于指示调制解调器启动定时器。
S407、调制解调器接收到上述AT命令之后，将上述AT命令中携带的待发送数据包A的数据量计入相应的逻辑信道，同时启动定时器，在定时器到时时刻t2触发下一调度周期到来的SR，进行上行资源预申请。
具体地，在接收到上述AT命令之后，调制解调器可以根据上述AT命令中携带的信息将待发送数据包A的数据量计入相应的逻辑信道。同时，调制解调器可以启动定时器，在定时器到时时刻t2触发下一调度周期到来的SR，进行上行资源预申请，该上行资源用于电子设备100向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A，也即是说，在上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1到来之前，电子设备100要进行上行资源预申请，提前申请好上行资源，如此，在上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1到来时，电子设备100就可以利用提前申请好的上行资源向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A。
在一种可能的实现方式中，定时器时长T可以利用下述方法进行计算：若忽略执行图4所示的步骤S403至步骤S406的时间，即认为待发送数据包A的编码开始时刻t0等于启动定时器的时刻(定时器起始时刻t3)，那么，如图5所示，定时器时长T＝M-M1-M2，其中，M>(M1+M2)，M为上述待发送数据包A的编码耗时，M1为电子设备100开始向无线接入网设备200发送SR(图4所示的定时器到时时刻t2)至电子设备100接收到无线接入网设 备200发送的上行授权信息UL Grant的时间间隔，M2为电子设备100从接收到上述上行授权信息UL Grant至待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1的时间间隔。其中，编码耗时M是可以准确预测得到的，而M1和M2需要基于SR周期、无线接入网设备200的调度策略、信道条件、TDD/FDD、Numerology等多个网络配置参数综合考虑来进一步确定。例如，在无线接入网设备200拥塞情况下，M1则会增大，在无线接入网设备200空闲情况下，M1则会减小。又例如，电子设备100可以根据逻辑信道所承载的上行数据的业务类型确定每个逻辑信道发送上行数据的优先级，优先级高，M2则会减小，优先级低，M2则会增大。也即是说，M1的值需要根据多个网络配置参数(也可以称为第一网络配置参数)进一步确定，M2的值也需要根据多个网络配置参数(也可以称为第二网络配置参数)进一步确定，以尽可能避免上行资源被浪费。其中，上述多个网络配置参数在电子设备100接入无线接入网设备200时即可获取到。
需要说明的是，上述M1和M2在一些情况下可能会增大，从而产生一些负的时延收益，但是不会影响本方案的有益效果。示例性地，在无线接入网设备200拥塞的情况下，M1会增大，无线接入网设备200向电子设备100发送上行授权信息UL Grant的时间就会延后，因此可能会产生一些负的时延收益，但是由于这个延后的时间非常短，从总的时延收益来看，相对于不进行上行资源预申请来说，实施本方案上行资源预申请的方法仍然会是正的时延收益，不影响本方案的有益效果。
在一种可能的实现方式中，定时器到时时刻t2可以利用下述方法计算：定时器到时时刻t2等于定时器起始时刻t3加上定时器时长T。其中，定时器时长T等于定时器起始时刻t3到待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1的时长减去时间间隔M3；其中，待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1等于待发送数据包A的编码开始时刻t0加上编码耗时M；时间间隔M3等于时间间隔M1加上时间间隔M2，时间间隔M1是从定时器到时时刻t2直至电子设备100接收到无线接入网设备200发送的上行授权信息UL Grant的时间间隔，时间间隔M2是从电子设备100接收到无线接入网设备200发送的上行授权信息UL Grant的时刻到待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1的时间间隔。
继续参见图5，BSR可以由媒体接入控制(media access control,MAC)协议数据单元(protocol data unit,PDU)所携带，用于向无线接入网设备200上报电子设备100有多少上行数据(根据BSR中携带的数据量可知)需要发送，接着，无线接入网设备200通过发送上行授权(UL Grant)信息为电子设备100分配上行资源。直至电子设备100上所有上行数据发送完成，电子设备100上报BSR通知无线接入网设备200该电子设备100上没有上行数据(即BSR中携带的数据量Size为0)需要发送，基站停止上行资源调度。
S408、电子设备100可以在时刻t2向无线接入网设备200发送SR请求，用于告知无线接入网设备200电子设备100上有需要发送的上行数据。
S409、无线接入网设备200收到上述SR请求后，可以根据网络的资源情况，为电子设备100调度PUSCH，通过发送UL Grant1为电子设备100分配少量的上行资源，可以用于电子设备100向无线接入网设备200发送步骤S411中的BSR。
S410-S413、在待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1，电子设备100中的应用程序可以将待发送数据包A发送到调制解调器。调制解调器可以在PUSCH上发送BSR给无线接入网设 备200，其中，该BSR可以包括有上述待发送数据包A的数据量等信息，用于向无线接入网设备200通知电子设备100上有多少上行数据需要发送。无线接入网设备200可以根据BSR调度PUSCH，通过发送UL Grant2为电子设备100分配上行资源。其中，步骤S411和步骤S412可以一直执行，直至电子设备100上所有上行数据(待发送数据包A中的所有数据)发送完成，电子设备100上报BSR向无线接入网设备200通知该电子设备100上没有上行数据需要发送，无线接入网设备200停止调度PUSCH。
S414-S415、电子设备100检测到用户结束视频通话的操作，例如用户点击某一个应用程序上结束视频通话控件的操作，电子设备100可以关闭摄像头，停止进行视频帧采集。
本申请实施例通过提供一种上行资源预申请的方法，电子设备可以对应用程序(APP)中待发送数据包的编码耗时、数据量等信息进行预测，确定待发送数据包的编码完成时刻，然后，电子设备可以在上述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻到来之前向无线接入网设备发送上行调度请求，提前为待发送数据包申请上行资源，即进行上行资源预申请，这样，当上述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻到来之时，电子设备可以利用已经申请好的上行资源向无线接入网设备发送上述待发送数据包。如此，相对于上行预调度或半静态调度，可以减小电子设备发送上行数据的时延，同时节省电子设备的功耗，应用场景更灵活，此外，本方法未改变现有的第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project,3GPP)中的上行调度流程，容易实现，开发成本低。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例仅仅以视频通话的应用场景为例详细介绍了上行资源预申请的方法，不限于视频通话的应用场景，其它应用场景(如音频通话、云游戏、工业传感器数据采集传输等)也适用本申请实施例提供的上行资源预申请的方法，在此不作限定。
图6A-图6C示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的不同情况下进行上行资源预申请后发送上行数据的时延收益。下面展开详细说明：
在无线接入网设备200关闭预调度的条件下，假设SR0发送时刻为t_SR0，SR1发送时刻为t_SR1(即上文中定时器到时时刻t2)，SR2发送时刻为t_SR2(即待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1后的第一个SR发送时刻)，预测信息(包括待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型等信息)到来时刻为t_prepacket，UL GrantⅠ到来时刻为t_ulgrantⅠ，UL GrantⅡ到来时刻为t_ulgrantⅡ，那么，SR周期则可以为T_SR＝t_SR1-t_SR0＝t_SR2-t_SR1＝t_ulgrantⅡ-t_ulgrantⅠ。
在本申请实施例中，预设时刻t’以t’＝t_ulgrantⅠ-t_SR1+T_SR/2为例进行说明，其中，预设时刻t’(也可以称为第一时刻)的确定方法在后续内容中会详细介绍，在此先不展开。
情况1：待发送数据包A到来时刻t1_packet(待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1)在SR1发送时刻t_SR1与UL GrantⅠ到来时刻t_ulgrantⅠ之间。
图6A示例性示出了在情况1下进行上行资源预申请后发送上行数据的时延收益。
如图6A所示，若采用本申请实施例中的技术方案(在上述待发送数据包A到来时刻之前进行上行资源预申请)，即在t_SR1时刻开始申请上行资源，那么，电子设备100就可以在t_ulgrantⅠ时刻开始向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A。由于在t_ulgrantⅠ时刻电子设备100有需要发送的上行数据(上述待发送数据包A)，因此，不需要利用padding数据包来处理无线接入网设备200分配的上行资源。若采用基线方案(在上述待发送数据包 A到来时刻之前不进行上行资源预申请)，由于待发送数据包A到来时刻t1_packet晚于SR1发送时刻t_SR1，则电子设备100只能等待下一个周期到来的SR2，即只能等到SR2发送时刻t_SR2，才开始申请上行资源，那么，电子设备100就只能在t_ulgrantⅡ时刻开始向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A。
从图6A中可以看出，采用本申请实施例中的技术方案，相对于基线方案，时延收益ΔT＝T_SR＝t_ulgrantⅡ-t_ulgrantⅠ。
在本申请实施例中，padding数据包浪费率可以为padding数据包填充时长与SR周期T_SR的比值。
从图6A中可以看出，情况1中不需要进行padding数据包填充，即padding数据包填充时长为0，因此，情况1中padding数据包浪费率为0。
情况2：待发送数据包A到来时刻t2_packet(待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1)在UL GrantⅠ到来时刻t_ulgrantⅠ与预设时刻t’之间。
图6B示例性示出了在情况2下进行上行资源预申请后发送上行数据的时延收益。
如图6B所示，若采用本申请实施例中的技术方案(在上述待发送数据包A到来时刻之前进行上行资源预申请)，即在t_SR1时刻开始申请上行资源。由于在t_ulgrantⅠ时刻上述待发送数据包A尚未到来，因此，电子设备100可以向无线接入网设备200上报BSR，其中，该BSR中携带预测得到的上述待发送数据包A的数据量信息，无线接入网200可以根据该BSR中携带的数据量信息向电子设备100分配相应的上行资源，若此时上述待发送数据包A还未到来，则电子设备100需要利用padding数据包来处理无线接入网200分配的上行资源，同时，电子设备100可以继续向无线接入网设备200上报上述BSR，直至上述待发送数据包A到来时刻t2_packet，电子设备100才开始向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A，也即是说，在上述待发送数据包A到来之前，电子设备100通过向无线接入网设备200上报上述BSR所获得的上行资源均需要利用padding数据包来处理。
若采用基线方案(在上述待发送数据包A到来时刻之前不进行上行资源预申请)，由于上述待发送数据包A到来时刻t2_packet晚于SR1发送时刻t_SR1，则电子设备100只能等待下一个周期到来的SR2，即只能等到SR2发送时刻t_SR2，才开始申请上行资源，那么，电子设备100就只能在t_ulgrantⅡ时刻开始向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A。
从图6B可以看出，采用本申请实施例中的技术方案，相对于基线方案，时延收益ΔT＝T_SR-T_padding，其中，T_padding为padding数据包填充时长，T_padding＝t2_packet-t_ulgrantⅠ。情况2中padding数据包浪费率为T_padding/T_SR，由于T_padding大于0，T_SR大于0，因此，情况2中padding数据包浪费率大于0。
情况3：待发送数据包A到来时刻t3_packet(待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1)在预设时刻t’与SR2发送时刻t_SR2之间。
如图6C所示，若采用本申请实施例中的技术方案(在上述待发送数据包A到来时刻之前进行上行资源预申请)，即在t_SR1时刻开始申请上行资源。由于在t_ulgrantⅠ时刻上述待发送数据包A尚未到来，因此，电子设备100可以向无线接入网设备200上报BSR，其中，该BSR中携带预测得到的上述待发送数据包A的数据量信息，无线接入网200可以根据该BSR中携带的数据量信息向电子设备100分配相应的上行资源，若此时上述待发送数据包A还未到来，则电子设备100需要利用padding数据包来处理无线接入网200分配的上行资源， 同时，电子设备100可以继续向无线接入网设备200上报上述BSR，直至上述待发送数据包A到来时刻t3_packet，电子设备100才开始向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A，也即是说，在上述待发送数据包A到来之前，电子设备100通过向无线接入网设备200上报上述BSR所获得的上行资源均需要利用padding数据包来处理。
若采用基线方案(在上述待发送数据包A到来时刻之前不进行上行资源预申请)，由于上述待发送数据包A到来时刻t3_packet晚于SR1发送时刻t_SR1，则电子设备100只能等待下一个周期到来的SR2，即只能等到SR2发送时刻t_SR2，才开始申请上行资源，那么，电子设备100就只能在t_ulgrantⅡ时刻开始向无线接入网设备200发送上述待发送数据包A。
从图6C中可以看出，采用本申请实施例中的技术方案，相对于基线方案，时延收益为T_SR-T’_padding，其中，T’_padding为padding数据包填充时长，T’_padding＝t3_packet-t_ulgrantⅠ。情况3中padding数据包浪费率为T’_padding/T_SR，由于T’_padding大于0且大于上述T_padding，T_SR大于0，因此，情况3中padding数据包浪费率大于0且大于情况2中padding数据包浪费率。
从图6A-图6C中容易看出，预测信息到来时刻与待发送数据包A到来时刻的间隔只有在大于SR周期的情况下，才会有时延收益，否则无时延收益。
Figure PCTCN2021136641-appb-000001
表1
从图6A-图6C和表1结合来看，情况1时延收益最大，不需要padding数据包填充，即padding数据包浪费率为0；情况2时延收益较情况1有所减小，需要padding数据包填充，即padding数据包浪费率大于0，较情况1有所增大；情况3时延收益最小，需要padding数据包填充，且padding数据包填充时长T’_padding大于情况2中的padding数据包填充时长T_padding，即padding数据包浪费率较情况2中的padding数据包浪费率有所增大。
为综合考虑时延收益和padding数据包浪费，如图7所示，本申请实施例提供了另一种上行资源预申请的方法，可以基于待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻来判断是否进行上行资源预申请，例如，若上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1早于上述预设时刻t’，则进行上行 资源预申请，若上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1晚于上述预设时刻t’，则不进行上行资源预申请，如此，可以在减小上行数据发送时延的同时，减少padding数据包浪费，进而节省电子设备的功耗。
其中，本申请实施例中的预设时刻t’的确定方法如下：在图6A所示的情况1中，时延收益最大且未产生padding数据包浪费，而在图6B所示的情况2和图6C所示的情况3中，时延收益减小，且产生了padding数据包浪费。容易理解，情况1中的时延收益等于情况2或情况3中时延收益与padding数据包填充时长的总和，也即是说，若时延收益减小，则padding数据包填充时长就会增大。因此，为综合考虑时延收益和padding数据包浪费，取图6A所示的情况1中的时延收益的一半T_SR/2为临界点，则对应预设时刻t’为t’＝t_ulgrantⅠ-t_SR1+T_SR/2。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中仅仅以预设时刻t’＝t_ulgrantⅠ-t_SR1+T_SR/2为例，预设时刻t’的确定还可以根据不同应用场景或不同需求进行自适应调整，在此不作限定。
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种上行资源预申请的方法的具体流程。
应用场景：视频通话。
如图7所示，该方法可以应用于包括电子设备100和无线接入网设备200的通信系统，下面详细介绍该方法的具体步骤：
S701-S702、电子设备100检测到用户启动视频通话的操作，例如用户点击某一个应用程序上视频通话控件的操作，电子设备100可以打开摄像头进行视频帧采集。
S703、电子设备100可以在时刻t0(待发送数据包A的编码开始时刻)开始预测待发送数据包A的编码耗时M和数据量，根据编码耗时M确定待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1。
其中，步骤S701-S703的具体执行过程可以参照前述图4所示实施例中的步骤S401-S403中的相关内容，在此不再赘述。
S704、电子设备100根据预测得到的上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1，确定上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1早于预设时刻t’。
具体地，电子设备100可以根据预测得到的上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1，判断上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1是否早于预设时刻t’。若是，电子设备100则可以继续执行步骤S705及后续步骤，在时刻t2，电子设备100向无线接入网设备200发送SR，即进行上行资源预申请；若否，电子设备100则可以不再继续执行步骤S705及后续步骤，或者，电子设备100可以继续执行步骤S705至步骤S708，但是在时刻t2，电子设备100不向无线接入网设备200发送SR，即不进行上行资源预申请。
示例性地，如图6C所示，上述待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1(即上文所述的图6C中待发送数据包A到来时刻t3_packet)晚于预设时刻t’，则电子设备100只能等到SR2发送时刻t_SR2开始申请上行资源，而不进行上行资源预申请，因此，可以减少padding数据包的浪费。
其中，上述预设时刻t’可以根据不同应用场景或不同需求进行自适应调整，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
S705、电子设备100将待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型等信息发送到应用接口层。
S706-S707、上述应用接口层接收到上述待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型等信息之后，根据上述信息，生成AT命令(attention command)。然 后，上述应用接口层将上述AT命令发送给调制解调器。其中，上述AT命令是一种用于应用程序与调制解调器之间进行通信的接口控制命令，可以携带有待发送数据包A的编码耗时M、编码完成时刻t1、数据量、数据类型、协议数据单元(protocol data unit,PDU)会话ID、服务质量(quality of service,QoS)流ID等信息。
S708、调制解调器接收到上述AT命令之后，将上述AT命令中携带的待发送数据包A的数据量计入相应的逻辑信道，同时启动定时器，在定时器到时时刻t2触发下一调度周期到来的SR，进行上行资源预申请。
其中，步骤S705-S708的具体执行过程可以参照前述图4所示实施例中的步骤S404-S407中的相关内容，在此不再赘述。
S709、电子设备100可以在时刻t2向无线接入网设备200发送SR请求，用于告知无线接入网设备200电子设备100上有需要发送的上行数据。
具体地，上述时刻t2可以是前述图6A-图6C中的SR1发送时刻T_SR1。在待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1到来之前，调制解调器可以在SR1发送时刻T_SR1向无线接入网设备200发送SR1，即上行调度请求，来进行上行资源预申请，用于向无线接入网设备200通知电子设备100上有需要发送的上行数据。
S710、无线接入网设备200收到上述SR请求后，可以根据网络的资源情况，为电子设备100调度PUSCH，通过发送UL Grant1为电子设备100分配少量的上行资源，可以用于电子设备100向无线接入网设备200发送步骤S712中的BSR。
具体地，在如图6A所示的情况下，待发送数据包A到来时刻t1_packet(即待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1)早于UL GrantⅠ(即步骤S710中所述的UL Grant1)到来时刻t_ulgrantⅠ，也即是说，在无线接入网200为电子设备100调度PUSCH，通过发送UL Grant1为电子设备100分配少量的上行资源之前，待发送数据包A就已经到达调制解调器，因此，电子设备100可以利用无线接入网设备200分配的少量上行资源发送步骤S712中的BSR。
可选地，在如图6B所示的情况下，待发送数据包A到来时刻t2_packet(即待发送数据包A的编码完成时刻t1)晚于UL GrantⅠ(即步骤S810中所述的UL Grant1)到来时刻t_ulgrantⅠ，也即是说，在无线接入网200为电子设备100调度PUSCH，通过发送UL Grant1为电子设备100分配少量的上行资源之后，待发送数据包A才到达调制解调器，那么，在时刻t_ulgrantⅠ至时刻t2_packet之间，电子设备100可以利用padding数据包来处理无线接入网设备200分配的少量的上行资源。在时刻t2_packet，电子设备100再开始发送步骤S712中的BSR。
S711-S714、在待发送数据包编码完成时刻t1，电子设备100中的应用程序可以将待发送数据包发送到调制解调器。调制解调器可以在PUSCH上发送BSR给无线接入网设备200，其中，该BSR可以包括有上述待发送数据包的数据量等信息，用于向无线接入网设备200通知电子设备100上有多少上行数据需要发送。无线接入网设备200可以根据BSR调度PUSCH，通过发送UL Grant2为电子设备100分配上行资源。其中，步骤S712和步骤S713可以一直执行，直至电子设备100上所有上行数据(待发送数据包A中的所有数据)发送完成，电子设备100上报BSR向无线接入网设备200通知该电子设备100上没有上行数据需要发送，无线接入网设备200停止调度PUSCH。
S715-S716、电子设备100检测到用户结束视频通话的操作，例如用户点击某一个应用程序上结束视频通话控件的操作，电子设备100可以关闭摄像头，停止进行视频帧采集。
本申请实施例通过提供一种上行资源预申请的方法，电子设备可以对应用程序(APP)中待发送数据包的编码耗时、数据量等信息进行预测，确定待发送数据包的编码完成时刻，然后，电子设备可以判断上述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻是否早于预设时刻，若是，则电子设备可以在预测得到的上述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻到来之前向无线接入网设备发送上行调度请求，提前为待发送数据包申请上行资源，即进行上行资源预申请，这样，当上述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻到来之时，电子设备可以利用已经申请好的上行资源向无线接入网设备发送上述待发送数据包。如此，可以在减小电子设备上行数据发送时延的同时，减小padding数据包浪费，进而更节省电子设备的功耗。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例仅仅以视频通话的应用场景为例详细介绍了上行资源预申请的方法，不限于视频通话的应用场景，其它应用场景(如音频通话、云游戏、工业传感器数据采集传输等)也适用本申请实施例提供的上行资源预申请的方法，在此不作限定。
表2示例性示出了采用基线方案(不进行上行资源预申请)、本申请实施例中的方案1(进行上行资源预申请，不考虑padding数据包浪费)、本申请实施例中的方案2(进行上行资源预申请，考虑padding数据包浪费)的时延收益。其中，待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt可以为前文关于图6B的文字说明中的待发送数据包A到来时刻t2_packet(或前文关于图6C的文字说明中的待发送数据包A到来时刻t3_packet)与UL GrantⅠ到来时刻t_ulgrantⅠ的时间差值。
本申请实施例中假设SR周期T_SR配置为80ms，参见表2，待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt在1ms至39ms范围内，表示待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1早于前述预设时刻t’(例如图6B中所示的情况2)；待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt在41ms至79ms范围内，表示待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1晚于前述预设时刻t’(例如图6C中所示的情况3)。
在无线接入网设备200关闭预调度，发送端和接收端在同一个蜂窝小区的条件下，本申请实施例中假设待发送数据包的BSR申请和发送的总耗时T_BSR为5ms。如表2所示，下面分别对基线方案时延、本申请实施例中的方案1时延、本申请实施例中的方案2时延进行详细说明：
1、基线方案(不进行上行资源预申请)：
以待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt＝1ms为例，基线方案时延ΔT0＝T_SR-Δt+T_BSR＝80ms-1ms+5ms＝84ms。从表2中可以看出，待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt不同，则基线方案时延ΔT0也不同。总体来看，采用基线方案的总平均时延为45ms。
2、本申请实施例中的方案1(进行上行资源预申请，不考虑padding数据包浪费)：
如果不考虑padding数据包浪费，本申请实施例中的方案1时延ΔT1＝T_BSR＝5ms，也即是说，在待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt为1ms至79ms范围内，无论待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1早于前述预设时刻t’，还是晚于前述预设时刻t’，均进行上行资源预申请，因此，时延ΔT1不随待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt的变化而变化，均为5ms。总体来看，相对于基线方案，采用本申请实施例中的方案1的总平均时延收益为40ms。
3、本申请实施例中的方案2(判断是否进行上行资源预申请，考虑padding数据包浪费)：
如果考虑padding数据包浪费，那么，在待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt为1ms至39ms范围内，也即是说，待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1早于前述预设时刻t’(如图6B所示的 情况2)，均进行上行资源预申请，本申请实施例中的方案2时延ΔT2＝T_BSR＝5ms，不随待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt的变化而变化，均为5ms。而在待发送数据包到来的时间偏差Δt为41ms至79ms范围内，也即是说，待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1晚于前述预设时刻t’(如图6C所示的情况3)，均不进行上行资源预申请(即采用基线方案)，则本申请实施例中的方案2时延ΔT2＝T_SR-Δt+T_BSR，与基线方案时延相同。总体来看，相对于基线方案，本申请实施例中的方案2的总平均时延收益为30ms。
从上述分析结果来看，相对于基线方案，本申请实施例中的方案1和方案2均减小了待发送数据包的发送时延。其中，本申请实施例中的方案1的时延收益较大，但可能会增大padding数据包浪费，本申请实施例中的方案2的时延收益相对方案1有所减小，但会减小padding数据包浪费，因此，可以根据不同需求来选择本申请实施例中的方案1和方案2。例如，如果对时延要求较高，则可以选择本申请实施例中的方案1，如果综合考虑时延和padding数据包浪费，则可以选择本申请实施例中的方案2。
需要说明的是，表2中的具体数值设定仅仅是示例性的，不应构成对本申请的限定。
Figure PCTCN2021136641-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021136641-appb-000003
表2
图8示例性示出了本申请实施例中提供的一种电子设备100的结构。
如图8所示，电子设备100可以包括：处理器110，外部存储器接口120，内部存储器121，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口130，充电管理模块140，电源管理模块141，电池142，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，传感器模块180，按键190，马达191，指示器192，摄像头193，显示屏194，以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口195等。其中传感器模块180可以包括压力传感器180A，陀螺仪传感器180B，气压传感器180C，磁传感器180D，加速度传感器180E，距离传感器180F，接近光传感器180G，指纹传感器180H，温度传感器180J，触摸传感器180K，环境光传感器180L，骨传导传感器180M等。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的结构并不构成对电子设备100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，存储器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
其中，控制器可以是电子设备100的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路 (inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
I2C接口是一种双向同步串行总线，包括一根串行数据线(serial data line，SDA)和一根串行时钟线(derail clock line，SCL)。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2C总线。处理器110可以通过不同的I2C总线接口分别耦合触摸传感器180K，充电器，闪光灯，摄像头193等。例如：处理器110可以通过I2C接口耦合触摸传感器180K，使处理器110与触摸传感器180K通过I2C总线接口通信，实现电子设备100的触摸功能。
I2S接口可以用于音频通信。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2S总线。处理器110可以通过I2S总线与音频模块170耦合，实现处理器110与音频模块170之间的通信。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以通过I2S接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。
PCM接口也可以用于音频通信，将模拟信号抽样，量化和编码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170与无线通信模块160可以通过PCM总线接口耦合。在一些实施例中，音频模块170也可以通过PCM接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。所述I2S接口和所述PCM接口都可以用于音频通信。
UART接口是一种通用串行数据总线，用于异步通信。该总线可以为双向通信总线。它将要传输的数据在串行通信与并行通信之间转换。在一些实施例中，UART接口通常被用于连接处理器110与无线通信模块160。例如：处理器110通过UART接口与无线通信模块160中的蓝牙模块通信，实现蓝牙功能。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以通过UART接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机播放音乐的功能。
MIPI接口可以被用于连接处理器110与显示屏194，摄像头193等外围器件。MIPI接口包括摄像头串行接口(camera serial interface，CSI)，显示屏串行接口(display serial interface，DSI)等。在一些实施例中，处理器110和摄像头193通过CSI接口通信，实现电子设备100的拍摄功能。处理器110和显示屏194通过DSI接口通信，实现电子设备100的显示功能。
GPIO接口可以通过软件配置。GPIO接口可以被配置为控制信号，也可被配置为数据信号。在一些实施例中，GPIO接口可以用于连接处理器110与摄像头193，显示屏194，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，传感器模块180等。GPIO接口还可以被配置为I2C接口，I2S接口，UART接口，MIPI接口等。
USB接口130是符合USB标准规范的接口，具体可以是Mini USB接口，Micro USB接口，USB Type C接口等。USB接口130可以用于连接充电器为电子设备100充电，也可以用于电子设备100与外围设备之间传输数据。也可以用于连接耳机，通过耳机播放音频。该接口还可以用于连接其他电子设备，例如AR设备等。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对电子设备100的结构限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，电子设备100也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块140用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过USB接口130接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过电子设 备100的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块140为电池142充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块141为电子设备100供电。
电源管理模块141用于连接电池142，充电管理模块140与处理器110。电源管理模块141接收电池142和/或充电管理模块140的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器121，外部存储器，显示屏194，摄像头193，和无线通信模块160等供电。电源管理模块141还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块141也可以设置于处理器110中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块141和充电管理模块140也可以设置于同一个器件中。
电子设备100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。电子设备100中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块150可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块150可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块150可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块150还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器170A，受话器170B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏194显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器110，与移动通信模块150或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块160可以提供应用在电子设备100上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块160可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块160经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块160还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，电子设备100的天线1和移动通信模块150耦合，天线2和无线通信模块160耦合，使得电子设备100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。所述无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution， LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。所述GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
电子设备100通过GPU，显示屏194，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏194用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏194包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode的，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个显示屏194，N为大于1的正整数。
电子设备100可以通过ISP，摄像头193，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏194以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头193反馈的数据。例如，拍照时，打开快门，光线通过镜头被传递到摄像头感光元件上，光信号转换为电信号，摄像头感光元件将所述电信号传递给ISP处理，转化为肉眼可见的图像。ISP还可以对图像的噪点，亮度，肤色进行算法优化。ISP还可以对拍摄场景的曝光，色温等参数优化。在一些实施例中，ISP可以设置在摄像头193中。
摄像头193用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件可以是电荷耦合器件(charge coupled device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor，CMOS)光电晶体管。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，电子设备100可以包括1个或N个摄像头193，N为大于1的正整数。
数字信号处理器用于处理数字信号，除了可以处理数字图像信号，还可以处理其他数字信号。例如，当电子设备100在频点选择时，数字信号处理器用于对频点能量进行傅里叶变换等。
视频编解码器用于对数字视频压缩或解压缩。电子设备100可以支持一种或多种视频编解码器。这样，电子设备100可以播放或录制多种编码格式的视频，例如：动态图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)1，MPEG2，MPEG3，MPEG4等。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现电子设备100的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
外部存储器接口120可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展电子设备100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口120与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器121可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，所述可执行程序代码包括指令。处理器110通过运行存储在内部存储器121的指令，从而执行电子设备100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存 储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储电子设备100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如音频数据，电话本等)等。此外，内部存储器121可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。
电子设备100可以通过音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
音频模块170用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块170还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以设置于处理器110中，或将音频模块170的部分功能模块设置于处理器110中。
扬声器170A，也称“喇叭”，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。电子设备100可以通过扬声器170A收听音乐，或收听免提通话。
受话器170B，也称“听筒”，用于将音频电信号转换成声音信号。当电子设备100接听电话或语音信息时，可以通过将受话器170B靠近人耳接听语音。
麦克风170C，也称“话筒”，“传声器”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风170C发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风170C。电子设备100可以设置至少一个麦克风170C。在另一些实施例中，电子设备100可以设置两个麦克风170C，除了采集声音信号，还可以实现降噪功能。在另一些实施例中，电子设备100还可以设置三个，四个或更多麦克风170C，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。
耳机接口170D用于连接有线耳机。耳机接口170D可以是USB接口130，也可以是3.5mm的开放移动电子设备平台(open mobile terminal platform，OMTP)标准接口，美国蜂窝电信工业协会(cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA，CTIA)标准接口。
按键190包括开机键，音量键等。按键190可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。电子设备100可以接收按键输入，产生与电子设备100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
马达191可以产生振动提示。马达191可以用于来电振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈。例如，作用于不同应用(例如拍照，音频播放等)的触摸操作，可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。作用于显示屏194不同区域的触摸操作，马达191也可对应不同的振动反馈效果。不同的应用场景(例如：时间提醒，接收信息，闹钟，游戏等)也可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。触摸振动反馈效果还可以支持自定义。
指示器192可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。
SIM卡接口195用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口195，或从SIM卡接口195拔出，实现和电子设备100的接触和分离。电子设备100可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。SIM卡接口195可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口195可以同时插入多张卡。所述多张卡的类型可以相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容外部存储卡。电子设备100通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。在一些实施例中，电子设备100采用eSIM，即：嵌入式SIM卡。eSIM卡可以嵌在电子设备100中，不能和电子设备100分离。
应当理解的是，图8所示电子设备100仅是一个范例，并且电子设备100可以具有比图8中所示的更多的或者更少的部件，可以组合两个或多个的部件，或者可以具有不同的部件配置。图8中所示出的各种部件可以在包括一个或多个信号处理和/或专用集成电路在内的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合中实现。
图9示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备的结构。
如图9所示，电子设备100可以包括：应用层901、应用接口层902、调制解调器903。
应用层901可以包括一系列应用程序，其中，应用程序(也可以称为应用)可以包括相机、图库、通话、视频、音乐、蓝牙、短信息、日历、导航、地图等。在本申请各实施例的方法中，应用层901中的应用程序可以提供音视频编码功能，例如，微信这一款应用程序能够提供视频通话功能，可以采集视频帧，并对采集完的视频帧进行编码，生成待发送数据包。
应用接口层902可以为应用层901提供标准接口，该接口可以用于应用层901与调制解调器903之间进行通信。例如，在本申请各实施例的方法中，应用接口层902可以提供第一接口，该第一接口可以用于应用层901向应用接口层902传输前文实施例中所述的待发送数据包A的编码耗时M等信息。又例如，在本申请各实施例的方法中，应用接口层902还可以提供第二接口，该第二接口可以用于应用接口层902向调制解调器903传输生成的AT命令。
调制解调器903可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。在本申请各实施例的方法中，调制解调器903可以通过应用接口层902提供的第二接口接收到AT命令，进而启动定时器，在定时器到时时刻向网络设备发送上行调度请求进行上行资源预申请。调制解调器903还可以利用网络设备分配的上行资源发送应用程序901生成的待发送数据包。
图10示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备的结构。
如图10所示，电子设备100可以包括：处理器1001、接收器1002、发射器1003、存储器1004和总线1005。处理器1001包括一个或者多个处理核心，处理器1001通过运行软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能的应用以及信息处理。接收器1002和发射器1003可以实现为一个通信组件，该通信组件可以是一块基带芯片。存储器1004通过总线1005和处理器1001相连。存储器1004可用于存储至少一个程序指令，处理器1001用于执行至少一个程序指令，以实现上述实施例的技术方案。其实现原理和技术效果与上述方法相关实施例类似，此处不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SS)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，不限于此。
本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。本申请各实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、 固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL)或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DWD)、或者半导体介质(例如，SSD)等。
以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    电子设备对待发送数据进行编码生成待发送数据包；
    在所述待发送数据包的编码开始时刻t0，所述电子设备预测所述待发送数据包的编码耗时M，并根据所述待发送数据包的编码耗时M确定所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1；
    所述电子设备启动定时器，所述定时器的到时时刻t2早于所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1，并且所述定时器的到时时刻t2到所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1后的第一个调度请求SR发送时刻的时间间隔为一个SR周期；
    在所述定时器的到时时刻t2，所述电子设备向网络设备发送SR；
    所述电子设备接收到所述网络设备发送的上行授权信息UL Grant；
    在所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1，所述电子设备利用所述UL Grant指示的上行资源发送所述待发送数据包。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述定时器的到时时刻t2等于所述定时器的起始时刻t3加上所述定时器的时长T，所述定时器的时长T等于所述定时器的起始时刻t3到所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1的时长减去时间间隔M3；
    其中，所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1等于所述待发送数据包的编码开始时刻t0加上所述待发送数据包的编码耗时M；所述时间间隔M3等于时间间隔M1加上时间间隔M2，所述时间间隔M1是从所述定时器的到时时刻t2直至所述电子设备接收到所述上行授权信息UL Grant的时间间隔，所述时间间隔M2是从所述电子设备接收到所述上行授权信息UL Grant的时刻到所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1的时间间隔。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时间间隔M1是所述电子设备根据第一网络配置参数确定的，其中，所述第一网络配置参数由所述电子设备在接入所述网络设备时获取得到的。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时间间隔M2是所述电子设备根据第二网络配置参数确定的，其中，所述第二网络配置参数由所述电子设备在接入所述网络设备时获取得到的。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括：应用层、应用接口层和调制解调器，所述应用接口层用于所述应用层与所述调制解调器之间进行通信；所述应用接口层提供第一接口；所述第一接口用于所述应用层向所述应用接口层传输所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括：应用层、应用接口层和调制解调器，所述应用接口层用于所述应用层与所述调制解调器之间进行通信；所述应用接口层提供第二接口；所述应用接口层用于生成AT命令，所述AT命令携带所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1，所述AT命令用于指示所述调制解调器启动所述定时器； 所述第二接口用于所述应用接口层向所述调制解调器传输所述AT命令。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在下述条件下执行所述在所述定时器的到时时刻t2，所述电子设备向网络设备发送SR的步骤：
    所述待发送数据包的编码完成时刻t1早于第一时刻，所述第一时刻等于所述定时器的到时时刻t2加上时间间隔M1和1/2个SR周期，其中，所述时间间隔M1是从所述定时器的到时时刻t2直至所述电子设备接收到所述上行授权信息UL Grant的时间间隔。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述待发送数据是所述电子设备采集的图像数据。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：一个或多个处理器，一个或多个存储器；其中，一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，所述一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当所述一个或多个处理器在执行所述计算机指令时，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  10. 一种计算机存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序包括程序指令，当所述程序指令在电子设备上运行时，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  11. 一种芯片，所述芯片应用于电子设备，所述芯片包括一个或多个处理器，所述处理器用于调用计算机指令以使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
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