WO2023025075A1 - 北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法、系统及相关装置 - Google Patents

北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法、系统及相关装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023025075A1
WO2023025075A1 PCT/CN2022/113823 CN2022113823W WO2023025075A1 WO 2023025075 A1 WO2023025075 A1 WO 2023025075A1 CN 2022113823 W CN2022113823 W CN 2022113823W WO 2023025075 A1 WO2023025075 A1 WO 2023025075A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
mcs
frame
beidou
network device
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PCT/CN2022/113823
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱旭东
甘雯昱
钱锋
姚振东
钟继磊
裘风光
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP22860421.1A priority Critical patent/EP4369632A1/en
Publication of WO2023025075A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023025075A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S19/00—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems; Determining position, velocity or attitude using signals transmitted by such systems
    • G01S19/01—Satellite radio beacon positioning systems transmitting time-stamped messages, e.g. GPS [Global Positioning System], GLONASS [Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System] or GALILEO
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/12—Messaging; Mailboxes; Announcements
    • H04W4/14—Short messaging services, e.g. short message services [SMS] or unstructured supplementary service data [USSD]

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of satellite communication, and in particular to a method, system and related device for outbound data transmission in the Beidou communication system.
  • Beidou satellite navigation system is a major infrastructure integrating positioning, timing and communication.
  • Beidou satellite navigation system is one of the characteristics different from other global positioning and navigation systems such as global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) and global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GLONASS). Positioning and communication in areas where mobile communication is not covered, or cannot be covered, or the communication system is destroyed, such as , no man's land, etc.
  • the communication system of the Beidou short message service upgrades the technical system, and opens some necessary resources of the communication system of the Beidou short message service to civilian use. According to the characteristics of the civil service and equipment, it needs to be based on the characteristics of the communication system of the Beidou short message service Design communication protocols.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • This application provides an outbound data transmission method, system, and related device in the Beidou communication system, which realizes that the terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the Beidou network equipment without additional signaling overhead, and improve channel utilization.
  • the present application provides a method for outbound data transmission in the Beidou communication system, including: the first terminal sends a first user frame to Beidou network equipment, wherein the first user frame carries a first modulation and coding mode MCS indication field, the first MCS indication field is used to suggest that the Beidou network equipment use the first MCS for coding and modulation when sending the user frame of the first terminal; the first terminal receives the first outbound data sent by the Beidou network equipment, and the first outbound data includes The coded and modulated first physical frame on the data channel and the pilot information on the pilot channel; the first terminal analyzes the second user sent by the Beidou network equipment to the first terminal from the first outbound data based on the first MCS frame.
  • the first terminal can carry the MCS information in the inbound first user frame, send it to the Beidou network equipment, and instruct the Beidou network equipment to follow the MCS suggested by the terminal
  • the information coding modulates the service data sent to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the BeiDou network device without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the first user frame is a data request frame
  • the frame header information of the data request frame includes a first MCS indication field
  • the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate the order of the first MCS
  • the data request frame is used to request the Beidou network equipment to send service data to the first terminal; before the first terminal sends the first user frame to the Beidou network equipment, the method further includes: the first terminal receives the Beidou network equipment sent on the pilot channel pilot information, and measure the channel quality on the pilot channel; the first terminal determines the channel quality of the data channel based on the channel quality on the pilot channel; the first terminal determines the channel quality of the data channel based on the channel quality of the data channel, from the channel quality and the MCS
  • the first MCS is determined in the mapping relationship.
  • the data request frame includes a service type field
  • the service type field is used to indicate the service type of the data request frame
  • the value of the service type field is the first value or the second value
  • the first One value is used to indicate that the service type of the data request frame is mailbox profile query service
  • the second value is used to indicate that the service type of the data request frame is letter message download service.
  • the channel quality of the pilot channel includes the signal-to-noise ratio SNR of the pilot channel
  • the channel quality of the data channel includes the SNR of the data channel
  • the first terminal determines the SNR of the data channel through the following formula:
  • SNR d is the SNR of the data channel
  • SNR p is the SNR of the pilot channel
  • ⁇ is the channel quality difference between the data channel and the pilot channel.
  • the first terminal needs to actively send a data request frame to the Beidou network equipment.
  • the first terminal may determine the MCS used when the Beidou network device sends service data to the first terminal by measuring the pilot channel.
  • the first terminal may carry an MCS indication field in the data request frame, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used by the first terminal when suggesting that the Beidou network equipment send service data to the first terminal. In this way, the first terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the BeiDou network device without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the first user frame is an acknowledgment identifier ACK frame
  • the method further includes: the first terminal receives the first user frame sent by the Beidou network device Two outbound data, the second outbound data includes the coded and modulated second physical frame on the data channel and the pilot information on the pilot channel; the first terminal uses the third MCS to decode the third user from the second physical frame frame, and measure the channel quality on the data channel; the first terminal determines the first MCS based on the channel quality on the data channel, and the first user frame is used to indicate that the first terminal has received the third user frame.
  • the first terminal can determine the MCS used when the Beidou network equipment sends service data to the first terminal by measuring the channel quality on the data channel when analyzing the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment.
  • the first terminal may carry an MCS indication field in the ACK when returning the ACK to the Beidou network equipment, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used when the first terminal instructs the Beidou network equipment to send service data to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the BeiDou network device without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the frame header information of the first user frame includes a first MCS indication field, and the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate the order of the first MCS, or, the value of the first MCS indication field The value indicates how high or low the first MCS is compared to the third MCS.
  • the ACK field of the ACK frame includes a first MCS indication field; wherein, the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate whether the first terminal has received the second user frame and the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment.
  • An MCS order; or, the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate whether the first terminal has received the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment and the order of the first MCS compared with the second MCS.
  • the ACK field can be multiplexed as the MCS indication field, saving the overhead of the frame header.
  • the method further includes: the first terminal sends the first ACK, the first ACK is used to indicate that the first terminal has received the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment, wherein the first ACK includes the second MCS indication field, and the second MCS indication field is used to suggest the Beidou network equipment to send the second user frame
  • a user frame of a terminal is coded and modulated using the fourth MCS;
  • the first terminal receives the third outbound data sent by the Beidou network equipment, wherein the third outbound data includes the third physical frame coded and modulated on the data channel and pilot information on the pilot channel;
  • the first terminal analyzes the fourth user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment to the first terminal from the third outbound data based on the fourth MCS.
  • the present application provides another outbound data transmission method in the Beidou communication system, including: the Beidou network device receives the first user frame sent by the first terminal, wherein the first user frame carries the first MCS indication field, and the first user frame An MCS indication field is used to suggest that the Beidou network equipment use the first MCS for coding and modulation when sending the user frame of the first terminal; the Beidou network equipment puts the second user frame to be sent to the first terminal into the first physical frame, and Use the first MCS to encode and modulate the first physical frame; Beidou network equipment sends the first outbound data, the first outbound data includes the first physical frame encoded and modulated on the data channel and the pilot information on the pilot channel .
  • the first terminal can carry the MCS information in the inbound first user frame, send it to the Beidou network equipment, and instruct the Beidou network equipment to follow the MCS suggested by the terminal
  • the information coding modulates the service data sent to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the BeiDou network device without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the first user frame is a data request frame
  • the frame header information of the data request frame includes a first MCS indication field
  • the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate the order of the first MCS
  • the data request frame is used to request the Beidou network device to send service data to the first terminal; after the Beidou network device receives the first user frame sent by the first terminal, the method further includes: the Beidou network device generates the first application in response to the data request frame layer message: the Beidou network device splits the first application layer message into one or more user frames, and the one or more user frames include the second user frame.
  • the data request frame includes a service type field, and the service type field is used to indicate the service type of the data request frame, where the value of the service type field is a first value, where the first value is used for Indicates that the service type of the data request frame is mailbox overview query service;
  • the Beidou network device generates a first application layer message in response to the data request frame, specifically including: the Beidou network device responds to the data request frame, based on the mailbox overview information of the first terminal A first application layer message is generated, and the mailbox profile information of the first terminal includes one or more of the number of mail messages to be downloaded by the first terminal, sending time, and sender identifier.
  • the data request frame includes a service type field, and the service type field is used to indicate the service type of the data request frame, where the value of the service type field is a second value, where the second value is used for Indicating that the service type of the data request frame is a letter message download service;
  • the Beidou network device generates a first application layer message in response to the data request frame, specifically including: the Beidou network device responds to the data request frame and queries from the mailbox of the first terminal receive the first letter message, and generate a first application layer message based on the first letter message.
  • the first terminal needs to actively send a data request frame to the Beidou network equipment.
  • the first terminal may determine the MCS used when the Beidou network device sends service data to the first terminal by measuring the pilot channel.
  • the first terminal may carry an MCS indication field in the data request frame, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used by the first terminal when suggesting that the Beidou network equipment send service data to the first terminal. In this way, the first terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the BeiDou network device without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the first user frame is an ACK frame; before the Beidou network equipment receives the first user frame sent by the first terminal, the method further includes: the Beidou network equipment transmits the third user frame to be sent to the first terminal Put the user frame into the second physical frame and use the third MCS to code and modulate the second physical frame.
  • the second outbound data includes the second physical frame coded and modulated by the third MCS on the data channel and the pilot Pilot information on the channel, the first user frame is used to indicate that the first terminal has received the third user frame.
  • the first terminal can determine the MCS used when the Beidou network equipment sends service data to the first terminal by measuring the channel quality on the data channel when analyzing the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment.
  • the first terminal may carry an MCS indication field in the ACK when returning the ACK to the Beidou network equipment, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used when the first terminal instructs the Beidou network equipment to send service data to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal can feed back the outbound MCS to the BeiDou network device without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the frame header information of the first user frame includes a first MCS indication field, and the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate the order of the first MCS, or, the value of the first MCS indication field The value indicates how high or low the first MCS is compared to the third MCS.
  • the ACK field of the ACK frame includes a first MCS indication field; wherein, the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate whether the first terminal has received the second user frame and the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment.
  • An MCS order; or, the value of the first MCS indication field is used to indicate whether the first terminal has received the second user frame sent by the Beidou network equipment and the order of the first MCS compared with the second MCS.
  • the method further includes: the Beidou network device receives the first ACK sent by the first terminal, and the first ACK is used to indicate that the first terminal has received the Beidou The second user frame sent by the network device, wherein the first ACK includes a second MCS indication field, and the second MCS indication field is used to suggest that the Beidou network equipment use the fourth MCS for coding and modulation when sending the user frame of the first terminal; Beidou The network device puts the fourth user frame to be sent to the first terminal into the third physical frame, and uses the fourth MCS to encode and modulate the third physical frame; the Beidou network device sends the third outbound data, and the third outbound The data includes the coded and modulated fourth physical frame on the data channel and pilot information on the pilot channel.
  • the method further includes: the Beidou network device receives the fifth user frame sent by the second terminal, and the fifth user frame is used for It is recommended that the Beidou network equipment use the fifth MCS for coding and modulation when sending the user frame of the second terminal; the Beidou network equipment puts the second user frame to be sent to the first terminal into the first physical frame, and uses the first MCS to A physical frame is coded and modulated, which specifically includes: Beidou network equipment puts the second user frame to be sent to the first terminal and the fifth user frame to be sent to the second terminal into the first physical frame, and uses the first The MCS codes and modulates the first physical frame.
  • the order of the first MCS is smaller than the order of the fifth MCS.
  • the order of the first MCS is equal to the order of the fifth MCS.
  • the order of the first MCS is greater than the order of the fifth MCS.
  • the present application provides another outbound data transmission method in the Beidou communication system, including: the Beidou network equipment receives the first user frame sent by the first terminal on the inbound channel; The channel quality on the inbound channel at one user frame; the Beidou network equipment determines the channel quality of the data channel based on the channel quality on the inbound channel; the Beidou network equipment determines the channel quality from the channel quality to the MCS based on the channel quality of the data channel
  • the outbound MCS is determined in the outbound MCS; the Beidou network equipment puts the second user frame to be sent to the first terminal into the first physical frame, and uses the outbound MCS to encode and modulate the first physical frame; the Beidou network equipment sends the first Outbound data, the first outbound data includes the coded and modulated first physical frame on the data channel and pilot information on the pilot channel.
  • the Beidou network equipment can measure the channel quality of the inbound channel based on the data request frame sent by the first terminal, and then convert the channel of the outbound data channel quality.
  • Beidou network equipment can determine the outbound MCS based on the channel quality of the data channel. In this way, Beidou network equipment can select outbound MCS without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the present application provides a Beidou communication system, including: a first terminal and Beidou network equipment; wherein, the first terminal can execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the Beidou network device may execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the foregoing first aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including one or more processors, one or more memories, and a transceiver.
  • the transceiver, the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more memories are used to store computer program codes, the computer program codes include computer instructions, and when the one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the The communication device executes the method in any possible implementation manner of the foregoing first aspect.
  • the communication device may be a terminal or other product form equipment.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including one or more processors, one or more memories, and a transceiver.
  • the transceiver, the one or more memories are coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more memories are used to store computer program codes, the computer program codes include computer instructions, and when the one or more processors execute the computer instructions, the The communication device executes the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.
  • the communication device may be Beidou network equipment, or any network element or a combination of multiple network elements in Beidou network equipment.
  • the present application provides a computer storage medium, including computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect above.
  • the present application provides a computer storage medium, including computer instructions.
  • the computer instructions When the computer instructions are run on the computer, the computer is made to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect above.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the second aspect above.
  • the present application provides a chip or a chip system applied to a terminal, including a processing circuit and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processing circuit, and the processing circuit is used to run the code instructions to execute the above-mentioned The method in any possible implementation of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic diagram of a data inbound transmission process in a Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of a data outbound transmission process in a Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of curves of SNR and throughput provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an MCS selection method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of an MCS selection method in a cellular network provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a protocol encapsulation framework for outbound data of a Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a protocol analysis framework for outbound data of a Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flow diagram of an outbound data transmission method in the Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10A is a schematic diagram of a frame format of a data request frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram of user frame scheduling provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flow diagram of another outbound data transmission method in the Beidou communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12A is a schematic diagram of a frame format of an ACK frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram of the frame format of another ACK frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of another outbound data transmission method in the Beidou communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of the frame format of another data request frame provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as implying or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the “multiple” The meaning is two or more.
  • a Beidou communication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a Beidou communication system 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the Beidou communication system 10 may include a terminal 100 , a Beidou short message satellite 21 , a Beidou network device 200 , a short message center 25 and a terminal 300 .
  • the Beidou communication system 10 may also include an emergency rescue platform 26 and an emergency rescue center 27 .
  • the terminal 100 can send the short message information to the Beidou short message satellite 21, and the Beidou short message satellite 21 only relays and directly forwards the short message information sent by the terminal 100 to the Beidou network equipment 200 on the ground.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can analyze the short message information forwarded by the satellite according to the Beidou communication protocol, and forward the content of the general message type parsed from the short message information to the short message center (short message service center, SMSC) 25.
  • SMSC short message service center
  • the short message center 25 can forward the content of the message to the terminal 300 through a traditional cellular communication network.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may also send the emergency message sent by the terminal 100 to the emergency rescue center 27 through the emergency rescue platform 26 .
  • the terminal 300 can also send the short message to the short message center 25 through a traditional cellular communication network.
  • the short message center 25 can forward the short message of the terminal 300 to the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the Beidou network device 200 can relay the short message of the terminal 300 to the terminal 100 through the Beidou short message satellite 21 .
  • the above-mentioned Beidou network equipment 200 may include a Beidou ground transceiver station 22 , a Beidou central station 23 and a Beidou short message integrated communication platform 24 .
  • the Beidou ground transceiver station 22 may include one or more devices with a sending function and one or more devices with a receiving function, or may include one or more devices with a sending function and a receiving function, which is not limited herein .
  • the Beidou ground transceiver station 22 can be used for the data processing function of the Beidou network equipment 200 in the physical layer (physical layer protocol, PHY).
  • the Beidou central station 23 can be used for the Beidou network device 200 to process data at the satellite link layer (satellite link control protocol, SLC) layer and the message convergence layer (message data convergence protocol, MDCP).
  • the Beidou short message fusion communication platform 24 can be used to process data at the application layer (application layer protocol, APP).
  • the Beidou communication system 10 since the Beidou communication system 10 communicates through satellite links, its main characteristics are: time extension (about 270 ms in one direction) and large link loss.
  • the services currently supported by the Beidou communication system 10 are mainly burst short message services, and do not support connection status management, mobility management, and broadcast control information.
  • the terminal 100 can actively send data to the Beidou network device 200 through the Beidou short message satellite 21 .
  • the central station on the ground cannot actively page users. Due to the long propagation distance of satellite communication, the Beidou communication system 10 requires high transmission power of the terminal 100 . Due to the limitation of the radio frequency device on the current terminal 100, the terminal 100 cannot continuously send signals to the Beidou short message satellite 21 for a long time. In order not to damage the radio frequency device on the terminal 100 as much as possible, after the radio frequency device of the terminal 100 has been working for a period of time in the sending state, it must stop working for a period of time before continuing to switch to the sending state to continue working.
  • the duration of the sending state on the terminal 100 is determined by the underlying hardware capability of the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 in order to ensure that the data received by the terminal 100 and the data sent do not interfere with each other, the terminal 100 does not support sending data and receiving data simultaneously. The terminal 100 needs to wait to receive the data sent by the Beidou network device 200 after sending the data.
  • the working mode of the Beidou network device 200 may be a duplex mode, which can send and receive data at the same time, and the Beidou network device 200 can send and receive data for a long time.
  • FIG. 2A shows an inbound data transmission process in a Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • data inbound may refer to the terminal 100 sending data to the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the terminal 100 may send a data frame to the Beidou ground transceiver station 22 .
  • the Beidou ground transceiver station 22 can send the data frame to the Beidou central station 23 .
  • the Beidou central station 23 can aggregate the data frames into an application layer message and report it to the Beidou short message fusion communication platform 24 .
  • the Beidou central station 23 may return an acknowledgment character (acknowledge character, ACK) of the SLC layer to the terminal 100 after receiving the data frame sent by the terminal 100 .
  • the ACK can be used to indicate whether the Beidou network device 200 has successfully received the data frame sent by the terminal 100 .
  • Fig. 2B shows a data outbound transmission process in the Beidou communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • outbound data may refer to the BDS network device 200 sending data to the terminal 100 .
  • the Beidou short message fusion communication platform 24 in the Beidou network device 200 can send the application layer message to the Beidou central station 23; then the Beidou central station 23 can split the application layer message into one or more data frames It is sent to the Beidou ground transceiver station 22, and then sent to the terminal 100 after being relayed by the Beidou short message satellite 21.
  • the terminal 100 may return an ACK of the SLC layer to the Beidou central station 23 .
  • the ACK can be used for whether the terminal 100 successfully receives the data frame sent by the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the sending end In order to resist the harsh environment of wireless channel signal transmission, the sending end must convert the transmitted signal into a form suitable for transmission on a specific channel, that is, coded modulation.
  • coded modulation is that the sending end adds redundant bits to the information number to be sent to resist transmission failure caused by channel quality deterioration.
  • the channel quality is good, the ratio of effective information can be increased by reducing the amount of redundant bits, thereby improving the transmission throughput.
  • the channel quality may be measured by a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the channel.
  • SNR signal-to-noise ratio
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of curves of SNR and throughput provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the modulation mode in the MCS may include binary phase shift keying (binary phase shift keying, BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (quadrature phase shift keying, QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (quadrature amplitude modulation, QAM), 64QAM and so on.
  • the coding rate (rate) in the MCS may include 1/2, 3/4 and other code rates.
  • the transmission throughput of the channel is the highest.
  • the SNR is 20dB
  • the MCS of 16QAM-3/4rate is selected, the transmission throughput rate of the channel is the highest.
  • a method for selecting an MCS provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of an MCS selection method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the general MCS selection method may include the following steps:
  • the sending end sends a detection signal to the receiving end.
  • the receiving end evaluates the quality of the receiving channel based on the received sounding signal.
  • the receiving end feeds back the quality of the received channel to the sending end.
  • the sending end selects an appropriate MCS according to the feedback channel quality.
  • the sending end sends data according to the selected MCS.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic flowchart of an MCS selection method in a cellular network.
  • the MCS can be selected through the following steps:
  • the base station sends a system message to the terminal.
  • the terminal After receiving the system message, the terminal initiates a link establishment request to the base station.
  • the base station After receiving the connection establishment request, the base station establishes a complete connection with the terminal.
  • the base station sends RRC signaling to the terminal, wherein the RRC signaling is used to configure the measurement signal, measurement mode and reporting mode of the terminal.
  • the terminal After receiving the RRC signaling, the terminal completes the configuration of the measurement signal, measurement mode and reporting mode, starts channel measurement, and obtains measurement results.
  • the terminal reports the measurement result to the base station.
  • the base station sets an appropriate MCS and sends service data.
  • the base station needs to perform signaling interaction with the terminal to complete the MCS selection.
  • the transmission delay of the channel is long, and the air interface resources are limited. Frequent interaction between the terminal and the network side will cause the data transmission delay to be too long, and will occupy more air interfaces. resource.
  • the above MCS selection method is not applicable to satellite communication systems such as the Beidou communication system.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an outbound data transmission method in the Beidou communication system, which can realize that the first user frame (including a data request frame or ACK frame) inbound by the terminal 100 carries MCS information and sends it to the Beidou network device 200 , instructing the Beidou network device 200 to encode and modulate the service data sent to the terminal 100 according to the MCS information indicated by the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 can feed back the outbound MCS to the Beidou network device 200 without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 shown in FIG. 6 is only an example, and the terminal 100 may have more or fewer components than those shown in FIG. 6, may combine two or more components, or may have Different component configurations.
  • the various components shown in Figure 6 may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.
  • the terminal 100 may include: a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, and an antenna 2 , mobile communication module 150, wireless communication module 160, audio module 170, speaker 170A, receiver 170B, microphone 170C, earphone jack 170D, sensor module 180, button 190, motor 191, indicator 192, camera 193, display screen 194, and A subscriber identification module (subscriber identification module, SIM) card interface 195 and the like.
  • SIM subscriber identification module
  • the sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, bone conduction sensor 180M, etc.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or separate certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components can be realized in hardware, software or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 110 may include one or more processing units, for example: the processor 110 may include an application processor (application processor, AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (graphics processing unit, GPU), an image signal processor (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural network processor (neural-network processing unit, NPU) wait. Wherein, different processing units may be independent devices, or may be integrated in one or more processors.
  • application processor application processor, AP
  • modem processor graphics processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • image signal processor image signal processor
  • ISP image signal processor
  • controller memory
  • video codec digital signal processor
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • baseband processor baseband processor
  • neural network processor neural-network processing unit, NPU
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the terminal 100 .
  • the controller can generate an operation control signal according to the instruction opcode and timing signal, and complete the control of fetching and executing the instruction.
  • a memory may also be provided in the processor 110 for storing instructions and data.
  • the memory in processor 110 is a cache memory.
  • the memory may hold instructions or data that the processor 110 has just used or recycled. If the processor 110 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be called directly from the memory. Repeated access is avoided, and the waiting time of the processor 110 is reduced, thus improving the efficiency of the system.
  • processor 110 may include one or more interfaces.
  • the interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous transmitter (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter, UART) interface, mobile industry processor interface (mobile industry processor interface, MIPI), general-purpose input and output (general-purpose input/output, GPIO) interface, subscriber identity module (subscriber identity module, SIM) interface, and /or universal serial bus (universal serial bus, USB) interface, etc.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous transmitter
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input and output
  • subscriber identity module subscriber identity module
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB universal serial bus
  • the I2C interface is a bidirectional synchronous serial bus, including a serial data line (serial data line, SDA) and a serial clock line (derail clock line, SCL).
  • processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2C buses.
  • the processor 110 can be respectively coupled to the touch sensor 180K, the charger, the flashlight, the camera 193 and the like through different I2C bus interfaces.
  • the processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K through the I2C interface, so that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K communicate through the I2C bus interface to realize the touch function of the terminal 100 .
  • the I2S interface can be used for audio communication.
  • processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2S buses.
  • the processor 110 may be coupled to the audio module 170 through an I2S bus to implement communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170 .
  • the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the I2S interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through the Bluetooth headset.
  • the PCM interface can also be used for audio communication, sampling, quantizing and encoding the analog signal.
  • the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled through a PCM bus interface.
  • the audio module 170 can also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface, so as to realize the function of answering calls through the Bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface can be used for audio communication.
  • the UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communication.
  • the bus can be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication.
  • a UART interface is generally used to connect the processor 110 and the wireless communication module 160 .
  • the processor 110 communicates with the Bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface to realize the Bluetooth function.
  • the audio module 170 can transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the UART interface, so as to realize the function of playing music through the Bluetooth headset.
  • the MIPI interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with peripheral devices such as the display screen 194 and the camera 193 .
  • MIPI interface includes camera serial interface (camera serial interface, CSI), display serial interface (display serial interface, DSI), etc.
  • the processor 110 communicates with the camera 193 through a CSI interface to realize the shooting function of the terminal 100 .
  • the processor 110 communicates with the display screen 194 through the DSI interface to realize the display function of the terminal 100 .
  • the GPIO interface can be configured by software.
  • the GPIO interface can be configured as a control signal or as a data signal.
  • the GPIO interface can be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193 , the display screen 194 , the wireless communication module 160 , the audio module 170 , the sensor module 180 and so on.
  • the GPIO interface can also be configured as an I2C interface, I2S interface, UART interface, MIPI interface, etc.
  • the USB interface 130 is an interface conforming to the USB standard specification, specifically, it can be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, and the like.
  • the USB interface 130 can be used to connect a charger to charge the terminal 100, and can also be used to transmit data between the terminal 100 and peripheral devices. It can also be used to connect headphones and play audio through them. This interface can also be used to connect other electronic devices, such as AR devices.
  • the interface connection relationship between the modules shown in the embodiment of the present invention is only a schematic illustration, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 may also adopt different interface connection modes in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple interface connection modes.
  • the charging management module 140 is configured to receive a charging input from a charger.
  • the charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module 140 can receive charging input from the wired charger through the USB interface 130 .
  • the charging management module 140 may receive wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the terminal 100 . While the charging management module 140 is charging the battery 142 , it can also provide power for electronic devices through the power management module 141 .
  • the power management module 141 is used for connecting the battery 142 , the charging management module 140 and the processor 110 .
  • the power management module 141 receives the input from the battery 142 and/or the charging management module 140 to provide power for the processor 110 , the internal memory 121 , the external memory, the display screen 194 , the camera 193 , and the wireless communication module 160 .
  • the power management module 141 can also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle times, and battery health status (leakage, impedance).
  • the power management module 141 may also be disposed in the processor 110 .
  • the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may also be set in the same device.
  • the wireless communication function of the terminal 100 can be realized by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, the modem processor and the baseband processor.
  • Antenna 1 and Antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in terminal 100 may be used to cover single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be multiplexed to improve the utilization of the antennas.
  • Antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network.
  • the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can provide wireless communication solutions including 2G/3G/4G/5G applied on the terminal 100 .
  • the mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (low noise amplifier, LNA) and the like.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can receive electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1, filter and amplify the received electromagnetic waves, and send them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 150 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 1 for radiation.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be set in the processor 110 .
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 and at least part of the modules of the processor 110 may be set in the same device.
  • a modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used for modulating the low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a medium-high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator sends the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing.
  • the low-frequency baseband signal is passed to the application processor after being processed by the baseband processor.
  • the application processor outputs sound signals through audio equipment (not limited to speaker 170A, receiver 170B, etc.), or displays images or videos through display screen 194 .
  • the modem processor may be a stand-alone device.
  • the modem processor may be independent from the processor 110, and be set in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 160 can provide wireless local area networks (wireless local area networks, WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) network), bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), global navigation satellite system, etc. (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), satellite communication module, frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions.
  • the wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2 , frequency-modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 110 .
  • the wireless communication module 160 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 110 , frequency-modulate it, amplify it, and convert it into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 for radiation.
  • the satellite communication module can be used to communicate with satellite network equipment.
  • the satellite communication module can communicate with the Beidou network equipment 200, and the satellite communication module can support short message transmission with the Beidou network equipment 200 .
  • the antenna 1 of the terminal 100 is coupled to the mobile communication module 150, and the antenna 2 is coupled to the wireless communication module 160, so that the terminal 100 can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (general packet radio service, GPRS), code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), broadband Code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time division code division multiple access (time-division code division multiple access, TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR techniques, etc.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • GPRS general packet radio service
  • code division multiple access code division multiple access
  • CDMA broadband Code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • time division code division multiple access time-division code division multiple access
  • TD-SCDMA time-division code division multiple access
  • LTE long
  • the GNSS may include a global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS), a global navigation satellite system (global navigation satellite system, GLONASS), a Beidou navigation satellite system (beidou navigation satellite system, BDS), a quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system (QZSS) and/or satellite based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • GLONASS global navigation satellite system
  • Beidou navigation satellite system beidou navigation satellite system
  • BDS Beidou navigation satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • SBAS satellite based augmentation systems
  • the terminal 100 realizes the display function through the GPU, the display screen 194, and the application processor.
  • the GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display screen 194 and the application processor. GPUs are used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • Processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.
  • the display screen 194 is used to display images, videos and the like.
  • the display screen 194 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active matrix organic light emitting diode or an active matrix organic light emitting diode (active-matrix organic light emitting diode, AMOLED), flexible light-emitting diode (flex light-emitting diode, FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light emitting diodes (quantum dot light emitting diodes, QLED), etc.
  • the terminal 100 may include 1 or N display screens 194, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the terminal 100 can realize the shooting function through the ISP, the camera 193 , the video codec, the GPU, the display screen 194 and the application processor.
  • the ISP is used for processing the data fed back by the camera 193 .
  • the light is transmitted to the photosensitive element of the camera through the lens, and the light signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the photosensitive element of the camera transmits the electrical signal to the ISP for processing, and converts it into an image visible to the naked eye.
  • ISP can also optimize the algorithm for image noise and brightness.
  • ISP can also optimize the exposure, color temperature and other parameters of the shooting scene.
  • the ISP may be located in the camera 193 .
  • Camera 193 is used to capture still images or video.
  • the object generates an optical image through the lens and projects it to the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element may be a charge coupled device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor.
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the photosensitive element converts the light signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • the ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other image signals.
  • the terminal 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • Digital signal processors are used to process digital signals. In addition to digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when the terminal 100 selects a frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the energy of the frequency point.
  • Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video.
  • Terminal 100 may support one or more video codecs.
  • the terminal 100 can play or record videos in various encoding formats, for example: moving picture experts group (moving picture experts group, MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • the NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural-network
  • Applications such as intelligent cognition of the terminal 100 can be implemented through the NPU, such as image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, and the like.
  • the external memory interface 120 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the terminal 100.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to implement a data storage function. Such as saving music, video and other files in the external memory card.
  • the internal memory 121 may be used to store computer-executable program codes including instructions.
  • the processor 110 executes various functional applications and data processing of the terminal 100 by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 121 .
  • the internal memory 121 may include an area for storing programs and an area for storing data. Wherein, the stored program area can store an operating system, at least one application program required by a function (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) and the like.
  • the data storage area can store data created during the use of the terminal 100 (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.) and the like.
  • the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, universal flash storage (universal flash storage, UFS) and the like.
  • the terminal 100 may implement an audio function through an audio module 170 , a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, and an application processor. Such as music playback, recording, etc.
  • the audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and is also used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signal.
  • the audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals.
  • the audio module 170 may be set in the processor 110 , or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be set in the processor 110 .
  • Speaker 170A also referred to as a "horn" is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals. Terminal 100 can listen to music through speaker 170A, or listen to hands-free calls.
  • Receiver 170B also called “earpiece” is used to convert audio electrical signals into sound signals.
  • the receiver 170B can be placed close to the human ear to listen to the voice.
  • the microphone 170C also called “microphone” or “microphone” is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals.
  • the user can make a sound by approaching the microphone 170C with the human mouth, and input the sound signal to the microphone 170C.
  • the terminal 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C.
  • the terminal 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C, which may also implement a noise reduction function in addition to collecting sound signals.
  • the terminal 100 can also be equipped with three, four or more microphones 170C to realize sound signal collection, noise reduction, identify sound sources, realize directional recording functions, and the like.
  • the earphone interface 170D is used for connecting wired earphones.
  • the earphone interface 170D can be a USB interface 130, or a 3.5mm open mobile terminal platform (OMTP) standard interface, or a cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA (CTIA) standard interface.
  • OMTP open mobile terminal platform
  • CTIA cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA
  • the pressure sensor 180A is used to sense the pressure signal and convert the pressure signal into an electrical signal.
  • pressure sensor 180A may be disposed on display screen 194 .
  • pressure sensors 180A such as resistive pressure sensors, inductive pressure sensors, and capacitive pressure sensors.
  • a capacitive pressure sensor may be comprised of at least two parallel plates with conductive material.
  • the terminal 100 determines the strength of the pressure from the change in capacitance.
  • the terminal 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 180A.
  • the terminal 100 may also calculate the touched position according to the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A.
  • touch operations acting on the same touch position but with different touch operation intensities may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: when a touch operation with a touch operation intensity less than the first pressure threshold acts on the short message application icon, an instruction to view short messages is executed. When a touch operation whose intensity is greater than or equal to the first pressure threshold acts on the icon of the short message application, the instruction of creating a new short message is executed.
  • the gyro sensor 180B can be used to determine the motion posture of the terminal 100 .
  • the angular velocity of the terminal 100 around three axes ie, x, y and z axes
  • the gyro sensor 180B can be used for image stabilization.
  • the gyro sensor 180B detects the shaking angle of the terminal 100, and calculates the distance that the lens module needs to compensate according to the angle, and allows the lens to counteract the shaking of the terminal 100 through reverse movement to achieve anti-shake.
  • the gyro sensor 180B can also be used for navigation and somatosensory game scenes.
  • the air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure.
  • the terminal 100 calculates the altitude through the air pressure value measured by the air pressure sensor 180C to assist positioning and navigation.
  • the magnetic sensor 180D includes a Hall sensor.
  • the terminal 100 may use the magnetic sensor 180D to detect the opening and closing of the flip holster.
  • the terminal 100 when the terminal 100 is a clamshell machine, the terminal 100 can detect the opening and closing of the clamshell according to the magnetic sensor 180D.
  • features such as automatic unlocking of the flip cover are set.
  • the acceleration sensor 180E can detect the acceleration of the terminal 100 in various directions (generally three axes).
  • the magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected when the terminal 100 is stationary. It can also be used to identify the posture of electronic devices, and can be used in applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers, etc.
  • the distance sensor 180F is used to measure the distance.
  • the terminal 100 can measure the distance by infrared or laser. In some embodiments, when shooting a scene, the terminal 100 may use the distance sensor 180F for distance measurement to achieve fast focusing.
  • Proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, light emitting diodes (LEDs) and light detectors, such as photodiodes.
  • the light emitting diodes may be infrared light emitting diodes.
  • the terminal 100 emits infrared light through the light emitting diode.
  • the terminal 100 detects infrared reflected light from nearby objects using a photodiode. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it may be determined that there is an object near the terminal 100 . When insufficient reflected light is detected, the terminal 100 may determine that there is no object near the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 can use the proximity light sensor 180G to detect that the user holds the terminal 100 close to the ear to make a call, so as to automatically turn off the screen to save power.
  • the proximity light sensor 180G can also be used in leather case mode, automatic unlock and lock screen in pocket mode.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L is used for sensing ambient light brightness.
  • the terminal 100 may adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen 194 according to the perceived ambient light brightness.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L can also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking pictures.
  • the ambient light sensor 180L can also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the terminal 100 is in the pocket, so as to prevent accidental touch.
  • the fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect fingerprints.
  • the terminal 100 can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to realize fingerprint unlocking, access to the application lock, take pictures with fingerprints, answer incoming calls with fingerprints, and so on.
  • the temperature sensor 180J is used to detect temperature.
  • the terminal 100 uses the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 180J to implement a temperature processing strategy. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 180J exceeds the threshold, the terminal 100 executes reducing the performance of a processor located near the temperature sensor 180J, so as to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection.
  • the terminal 100 when the temperature is lower than another threshold, the terminal 100 heats the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown of the terminal 100 due to low temperature.
  • the terminal 100 boosts the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown caused by low temperature.
  • Touch sensor 180K also known as "touch panel”.
  • the touch sensor 180K can be disposed on the display screen 194, and the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, also called a “touch screen”.
  • the touch sensor 180K is used to detect a touch operation on or near it.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event.
  • Visual output related to the touch operation can be provided through the display screen 194 .
  • the touch sensor 180K may also be disposed on the surface of the terminal 100 , which is different from the position of the display screen 194 .
  • the bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire vibration signals. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can acquire the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human voice. The bone conduction sensor 180M can also contact the human pulse and receive the blood pressure beating signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M can also be disposed in the earphone, combined into a bone conduction earphone.
  • the audio module 170 can analyze the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the vocal part acquired by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to realize the voice function.
  • the application processor can analyze the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beating signal acquired by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to realize the heart rate detection function.
  • the keys 190 include a power key, a volume key and the like.
  • the key 190 may be a mechanical key. It can also be a touch button.
  • the terminal 100 may receive key input and generate key signal input related to user settings and function control of the terminal 100 .
  • the motor 191 can generate a vibrating reminder.
  • the motor 191 can be used for incoming call vibration prompts, and can also be used for touch vibration feedback.
  • touch operations applied to different applications may correspond to different vibration feedback effects.
  • the motor 191 may also correspond to different vibration feedback effects for touch operations acting on different areas of the display screen 194 .
  • Different application scenarios for example: time reminder, receiving information, alarm clock, games, etc.
  • the touch vibration feedback effect can also support customization.
  • the indicator 192 can be an indicator light, and can be used to indicate charging status, power change, and can also be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, and the like.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is used for connecting a SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected and separated from the terminal 100 by inserting it into the SIM card interface 195 or pulling it out from the SIM card interface 195 .
  • the terminal 100 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, where N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • SIM card interface 195 can support Nano SIM card, Micro SIM card, SIM card etc. Multiple cards can be inserted into the same SIM card interface 195 at the same time. The types of the multiple cards may be the same or different.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is also compatible with different types of SIM cards.
  • the SIM card interface 195 is also compatible with external memory cards.
  • the terminal 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as calling and data communication.
  • the terminal 100 adopts an eSIM, that is, an embedded SIM card.
  • the eSIM card can be embedded in the terminal 100 and cannot be separated from the terminal 100 .
  • a protocol encapsulation framework for outbound data of the Beidou communication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a protocol encapsulation architecture of outbound data of the Beidou communication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the Beidou short message transmission protocol layer in the Beidou network device 200 can be an application layer (application layer protocol), a message convergence layer (message data convergence protocol, MDCP), a satellite link control layer (satellite link control protocol) , SLC) and physical layer (physical layer protocol, PHY).
  • the Beidou network device 200 may include a Beidou ground transceiver station 22 , a Beidou central station 23 and a Beidou short message integrated communication platform 24 .
  • the Beidou ground transceiver station 22 can be used to be responsible for the protocol processing of the PHY layer.
  • the Beidou central station 23 can be used to be responsible for the protocol processing of the SLC layer and the MDCP layer.
  • the Beidou short message fusion communication platform 24 can be used to be responsible for the protocol processing of the APP layer.
  • the workflow of the Beidou short message transmission protocol in the Beidou network device 200 can be as follows:
  • the Beidou network device 200 can compress the original data into compressed data through a compression algorithm, and add a compression indication field in front of the compressed data, where the compression indication field can be used to indicate the compression algorithm type of the compressed data. Afterwards, the Beidou network device 200 can encrypt the compressed data to obtain encrypted data, and add an encryption algorithm field to the header of the encrypted data, and the encryption algorithm field is used to indicate the encryption algorithm type of the encrypted data. The Beidou network device 200 can encapsulate the encrypted data, the compressed indication field, and the encrypted indication field into an application layer message and send it to the MDCP layer.
  • the application layer message may include a message header and message data.
  • the packet header may include a compression indication field, an encryption indication field, and the like.
  • the message data includes the above-mentioned encrypted data.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may also encrypt the compression indication field and the compressed data together to obtain encrypted data.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can obtain the application layer message sent by the APP layer through the interlayer interface, and use the application layer message as an MDCP SDU.
  • Beidou network device 200 can split an MDCP SDU into one or more fixed-length MDCP segment data (M_segement), and add a follow-up indication field to the header of each MDCP segment data to obtain an MDCP PDU , that is, the MDCP PDU includes M_segment and successor indication fields.
  • M_segement fixed-length MDCP segment data
  • the follow-up indication field can be used to indicate that the current MDCP PDU is the initial MDCP PDU or the middle MDCP PDU or the last MDCP PDU of multiple MDCP PDUs sent continuously; or it is an MDCP PDU sent separately.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can obtain the MDCP PDU sent by the MDCP layer through the interlayer interface as the SLC SDU.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can segment the SLC SDU into one or more (for example, up to 4) fixed-length SLC segment data (S_segement), and add frame header information to each S_segment header to obtain SLC PDUs.
  • S_segement fixed-length SLC segment data
  • the SLC layer needs to segment the data.
  • one SLC SDU can only be divided into 4 SLC PDUs at most, so the MDCP layer also needs to segment the data.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can obtain the SLC PDU delivered by the SLC layer through the interlayer interface.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can obtain the SLC PDUs of one user or multiple users from the SLC layer.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can splice the SLC PDUs of multiple users together, add the frame header of the physical frame (such as the version number) as the code block (code block) of the PHY layer, and add a check digit at the end of the code block (for example, cyclic redundancy check (cyclic redundancy check, CRC) code), and encode the code block and CRC code (for example, polar encoding), the encoded physical frame plus the reserved segment can form a fixed-length physical time
  • the Beidou network device 200 can put multiple SLC PDUs of a user into different physical frames respectively. Then, the Beidou network device 200 composes the coded data of the S2C-d channel branch and the pilot information of the satellite-to-consumer pilot (satellite to consumer pilot, S2C-p) channel (referred to as the pilot channel) to form pilot coded data, that is, station data.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can send the outbound data to the Beidou short message satellite 21 , and forward it to the terminal 100 via the Beidou short message satellite 21 .
  • the pilot information of the S2C_p channel branch is related to the satellite beam.
  • the pilot information of the S2C-p channel branch that is, the secondary code
  • the coded data of the S2C_d channel branch needs to be decoded.
  • the center frequency and bandwidth of the S2C-p channel and the S2C-d channel are the same, and the signals on the S2C-p channel and the signals on the S2C-d channel are orthogonal to each other.
  • a protocol analysis framework for outbound data of the Beidou communication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.
  • Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a protocol analysis architecture of outbound data of the Beidou communication system 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the Beidou short message transmission protocol layer of terminal 100 can be divided into application layer protocol (application layer protocol), message convergence layer (message data convergence protocol, MDCP), satellite link control layer (satellite link control protocol, SLC) and physical layer (physical layer protocol, PHY).
  • application layer protocol application layer protocol
  • message convergence layer messages data convergence protocol
  • satellite link control layer satellite link control protocol
  • physical layer physical layer protocol, PHY.
  • the workflow of the Beidou short message transmission protocol layer of the terminal 100 can be as follows:
  • the terminal 100 can obtain the modulated and spread-spectrum coded pilot data sent by the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the terminal 100 may despread the received spread spectrum modulated data (spread+modulated data) to obtain modulated data (modulated data). Then, the terminal 100 may demodulate the modulated data to obtain pilot coded data (pilot+data). Next, the terminal 100 may remove the pilot information in the pilot coded data to obtain coded data (code data). Then, the terminal 100 can decode the coded data, and verify the integrity of the code block (code block) through the check data in the check bit field. If it is complete, the terminal 100 can extract the code block (code block), and present it to the SLC layer through the interlayer interface as the SLC PDU of the SLC layer.
  • the pilot coded data is the outbound data sent by the Beidou network device 200, and the outbound data is composed of coded data of the S2C-d channel and pilot information of the S2C-p channel.
  • the terminal 100 can splice the SLC PDUs belonging to the same SLC SDU into one SLC SDU based on the frame header information of the SLC PDU.
  • the terminal 100 can present the SLC SDU to the MDCP layer through the interlayer interface as the MDCP PDU of the MDCP layer.
  • the terminal 100 can splice all MDCP PDUs belonging to the same MDCP SDU into one MDCP SDU.
  • the terminal 100 can present the MDCP SDU to the APP layer through the interlayer interface as an application layer message received by the APP layer.
  • the terminal 100 may decrypt and decompress the application layer message based on the message header of the application layer message to obtain original data.
  • a method for outbound data transmission in the Beidou communication system provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced below.
  • the terminal 100 needs to actively send a data request frame to the Beidou network device 200.
  • the terminal 100 can determine the MCS used when the Beidou network device 200 sends service data to the terminal 100 by measuring the S2C-p pilot channel.
  • the terminal 100 may carry an MCS indication field in the data request frame, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used when the terminal 100 suggests the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100 . In this way, the terminal 100 can feed back the outbound MCS to the Beidou network device 200 without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for outbound data transmission in the Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method includes:
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends pilot information on the S2C-p channel.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may continuously send pilot information on the S2C-p channel.
  • the pilot information is used for each terminal in the North communication system to capture the data signal on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 measures the channel quality on the S2C-p channel, and determines the channel quality on the S2C-d channel based on the channel quality on the S2C-p channel.
  • the pilot information sent by the Beidou network device 200 on the S2C-p channel is the secondary code known by the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 may compare the subcode in the pilot information with known subcodes to determine the channel quality of the S2C-p channel.
  • the channel quality may include but not limited to be measured by SNR.
  • the signal on the S2C-p channel and the signal on the S2C-d channel are orthogonal to each other, and the Beidou network device 200 sends the signal on the S2C-p channel.
  • the transmission power of the frequency information is generally a fixed value. Therefore, after measuring the channel quality on the S2C-p channel, the terminal 100 can calculate the channel quality on the S2C-d channel based on the channel quality on the S2C-p channel.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can determine the SNR of the outbound S2C-d channel based on the following formula (1):
  • SNR d is the SNR of the S2C-d channel
  • SNR p is the SNR of the S2C-p channel
  • ⁇ is the channel quality difference between the S2C-d channel and the S2C-p channel.
  • the terminal 100 determines a first modulation and coding scheme (MCS) based on the channel quality on the S2C-d channel.
  • MCS modulation and coding scheme
  • the terminal 100 may determine the first MCS from the mapping table of SNR and MCS based on the SNR of the S2C-d channel.
  • the mapping table of the SNR and the MCS may be obtained through physical layer simulation in the Beidou communication system.
  • mapping table between the SNR and the MCS may be shown in Table 1 below:
  • mapping table of SNR and MCS may include fewer or more mapping relationships between SNR and MCS.
  • the terminal 100 can determine that the first MCS is QPSK and 1/2 code rate based on the mapping table between SNR and MCS shown in Table 1 above.
  • the terminal 100 sends a data request frame to the BeiDou network device 200.
  • the frame header information of the data request frame includes an MCS indication field, and the MCS indication field is used to indicate the first MCS.
  • the data request frame is used to request the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100 .
  • the data request frame may include a mailbox overview query frame and a mail download frame.
  • the frame format of the data request frame can refer to FIG. 10A .
  • an inbound physical frame may include a sync header, a data segment, and a parity bit.
  • the synchronization header of the inbound physical frame can be used to distinguish the frame type of the inbound physical frame, and the time length of the synchronization header can be 40ms.
  • the frame types of the inbound physical frames may include position report frames, emergency rescue frames, and message communication frames.
  • the frame type indicated by the value of the synchronization header is a message communication frame.
  • the parity bit can be used to verify the integrity of the data in the data segment.
  • a cyclic redundancy check CRC
  • the check digit may include a CRC check code.
  • the data segment may include a user frame, and the user frame may include frame header information and user information.
  • the frame header information may include a version number field, a subtype indication field, a user ID field, an MCS indication field, and a reserved (reserve, RSV) field.
  • the version number field may be used to indicate the protocol format version of the user frame.
  • the subtype indication field may be used to indicate the subtype of the user frame, where the subtype of the user frame may include a general data frame, an ACK frame, a receipt frame, and the like.
  • the user ID field may be used to indicate the device identification of the terminal 100 .
  • the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the first MCS suggested by the terminal 100 to the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the data length of the MCS indication field may be 2 bits.
  • the value and meaning of the MCS indication field can be shown in Table 2 below:
  • the value "00" of the MCS indication field is an invalid (NA) value, which is used to instruct the Beidou network device 200 to select the MCS by itself (for example, the default Choose the MCS with the smallest order).
  • the value "01" of the MCS indication field corresponds to MCS0 (0-order MCS).
  • the value "10" of the MCS indication field corresponds to MCS1 (1st order MCS).
  • the value "11" of the MCS indication field corresponds to MCS2 (2-stage MCS).
  • MCS0 can be BPSK and 3/4 code rate
  • MCS1 can be QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • MCS2 can be QPSK and 3/4 code rate.
  • Table 2 The above examples shown in Table 2 are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as limitations.
  • the types of MCS used by the Beidou network device 200 may not be limited to three, and there may be fewer or more.
  • the data length of the MCS indication field may also vary based on the number of MCS types used by the Beidou network device 200 . For example, when there are five MCS types used by the Beidou network device 200, the data length of the MCS indication field may be 3 bits.
  • the application layer message may include a message header and message data.
  • the message header may include a service type field, an encryption indication field, and a compression indication field.
  • the service type field can be used to indicate the service type of the application layer message.
  • the service type of the application layer message may include mailbox profile query service, letter download service, and communication message service.
  • the message data can carry the query information of the terminal 100, wherein the query information includes the query time of the terminal 100, the message sent to the terminal 100 by the terminal 100 query specified user number of , and so on.
  • the message data may carry the identifier of the letter message that the terminal 100 requests the Beidou network device 200 to send.
  • the Beidou network device 200 generates a first application layer message in response to the data request frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can parse the application layer message from the data request frame, and distinguish the service type of the data request frame from the service type indication field of the application layer service message.
  • the terminal 100 If the service type of the data request frame is a mailbox profile query service, the terminal 100 generates a first application layer message based on the query information.
  • the terminal 100 parses out the message identifier sent by the Beidou network device 200 requested by the terminal 100 carried in the message data of the data request frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the first message from the mailbox of the terminal 100 based on the message identifier sent by the Beidou network device 200 requested by the terminal 100, and generate the first application layer message based on the first message.
  • the Beidou network device 200 splits the first application layer packet into one or more user frames, where the one or more user frames include the second user frame.
  • the second user frame may be any one of the one or more user frames in the first application layer message.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS based on the first MCS indicated by the MCS indication field in the data request frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 puts the second user frame into the first physical frame, and performs encoding and modulation on the first physical frame based on the outbound MCS.
  • the outbound MCS is the same as the first MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 directly uses the first MCS indicated by the terminal 100 in the MCS indication field to encode and modulate the first physical frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS based on the actual outbound traffic volume and the first MCS. For example, the terminal 400 instructs the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 using the fifth MCS through the MCS indication field in the inbound user frame. The Beidou network device 200 may schedule the fifth user frame of the terminal 400 and the second user frame of the terminal 100 into the first physical frame. If the order of the fifth MCS is smaller than the order of the first MCS, the Beidou network device 200 may use the fifth MCS to code and modulate the first physical frame. If the fifth MCS is greater than or equal to the order of the first MCS, the Beidou network device 200 may use the first MCS to code and modulate the first physical frame.
  • the terminal 100 may instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100 in MCS1 (for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate) through the MCS indication field.
  • the terminal 400 can instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 in MCS2 (QPSK and 3/4 code rate) through the MCS indication field in the letter message request.
  • MCS1 for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • the terminal 100 may instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100 in MCS1 (for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate) through the MCS indication field.
  • the terminal 400 can instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 in MCS2 (QPSK and 3/4 code rate) through the MCS indication field in the letter message request.
  • MCS1 for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • the Beidou network device 200 can use the MCS with the smallest order among the MCS indicated by multiple terminals to send the outbound physical frame , so as to ensure that the multiple terminals can parse their respective user frames from the outbound physical frame.
  • the terminal 400 instructs the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 using the fifth MCS through the MCS indication field.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may schedule the fifth user frame of the terminal 400 and the second user frame of the terminal 100 into the first physical frame. If the order of the fifth MCS is smaller than that of the first MCS, the Beidou network device 200 may use the first MCS to code and modulate the first physical frame. If the fifth MCS is greater than or equal to the order of the first MCS, the Beidou network device 200 may use the fifth MCS to code and modulate the first physical frame.
  • Beidou network device 200 can use the MCS with the largest order among the MCS indicated by multiple terminals to send the Outbound physical frames to increase transmission capacity.
  • the Beidou network device 200 when the Beidou network device 200 schedules to send user frames of multiple terminals, it may schedule user frames of terminals of the same outbound channel quality into the same physical frame.
  • the user frames that the Beidou network device 200 needs to schedule to send include user frame 1, user frame 2, user frame 3, user frame 4, user frame 5, and user frame 6.
  • the user frame 1, the user frame 2, the user frame 3 and the user frame 4 need to adopt modulation and coding scheme 1 (MCS-1) coding and modulation.
  • MCS-1 modulation and coding scheme 1
  • User frame 5 and user frame 6 need to be coded and modulated using modulation and coding scheme 2 (MCS-2). Since the time length of the outbound physical frame is limited, the data contained in the outbound physical frame is limited, and the number of user frames contained in the outbound physical frame is also limited.
  • the scheduler of Beidou network device 200 can schedule user frame 1 and user frame 2 into physical frame 1, and use MCS-1 to code and modulate physical frame 1.
  • the scheduler of Beidou network device 200 can schedule user frame 5 and user frame 6 into physical frame 2, and use MCS-2 to code and modulate physical frame 1.
  • the scheduler of Beidou network device 200 can schedule user frame 3 and user frame 4 into physical frame 3, and use MCS-1 to code and modulate physical frame 3.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may preferentially schedule user frames with a high MCS code rate.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can put the user frames of multiple terminals with the same modulation mode but different code rates in the MCS into one physical frame, and use the low code rate in the MCS indicated by the multiple terminals.
  • the physical frame is transmitted at the rate.
  • the execution sequence of the above step S907 is after step S904 and before step S908. It is not limited to after steps S905-S906, and may also be before step S905 or between steps S905 and S906.
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends the first outbound data.
  • the first outbound data includes the pilot information of the S2C-p channel and the coded and modulated first physical frame on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 After receiving the first outbound data sent by the Beidou network device 200, the terminal 100 parses out the second user frame of the terminal 100 from the first outbound data.
  • the terminal 100 may demodulate and decode the received first outbound data through the first MCS determined above. If the decoding is successful, the terminal 100 may parse out the second user frame of the terminal 100 from the first physical frame.
  • the terminal 100 may traverse other MCSs to decode the first outbound data until the decoding succeeds.
  • the process that the terminal 100 may decode the first outbound data may be as follows:
  • Terminal 100 demodulates and decodes from the second outbound data through the selected MCS. If the check value calculated by the terminal 100 based on the data segment in the decoded physical frame is the same as the value of the check bit field in the decoded physical frame, the terminal 100 determines that the decoding is successful. If the check value calculated by the terminal 100 for the data segment in the decoded physical frame is different from the value of the check bit field in the decoded physical frame, the terminal 100 determines that the decoding fails.
  • the terminal 100 can determine the first MCS by measuring the channel quality of the S2C-p channel in the outbound data, and carry the MCS indication in the data request frame field, to instruct the Beidou network device 200 to code and modulate the service data to be sent to the terminal 100 with the first MCS indicated in the MCS indication field. In this way, the terminal 100 can feed back the outbound MCS to the Beidou network device 200 without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can use the confirmation mode to send user frames to the terminal 100. After receiving the user frame sent by the Beidou network device 200 to the terminal 100, the terminal 100 can return an ACK to the Beidou network device 200. The ACK Used to indicate the reception of user frames. Therefore, the terminal 100 can determine the MCS used when the Beidou network device 200 sends service data to the terminal 100 by measuring the channel quality on the S2C-d channel when analyzing the user frame sent by the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the terminal 100 When the terminal 100 returns an ACK to the Beidou network device 200, it may carry an MCS indication field in the ACK, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used when the terminal 100 instructs the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100. In this way, the terminal 100 can feed back the outbound MCS to the Beidou network device 200 without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • Fig. 11 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for outbound data transmission in the Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method includes:
  • the Beidou network device 200 puts the third user frame of the terminal 100 into the second physical frame, and encodes and modulates the second physical frame based on the third MCS.
  • the third MCS may be the MCS with the lowest order among the MCSs supported by the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends the second outbound data, where the second outbound data includes pilot information of the S2C-p channel and the coded and modulated second physical frame on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 parses out the third user frame of the terminal 100 from the second outbound data.
  • a third MCS may be preset on the terminal 100, and the terminal 100 may demodulate and decode the received first outbound data through the third MCS. If the decoding is successful, the terminal 100 may parse out the third user frame of the terminal 100 from the second physical frame.
  • the terminal 100 may traverse other MCSs to demodulate and decode the second outbound data until the decoding succeeds.
  • the terminal 100 determines the first MCS based on the channel quality on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 decodes the first user frame of the terminal 100 from the first outbound data, it can complete the channel quality evaluation on the S2C-d channel, wherein the channel quality may include but not limited to be measured by SNR.
  • the terminal 100 may determine the first MCS from the mapping table of SNR and MCS based on the SNR of the S2C-d channel.
  • the mapping table of the SNR and the MCS may be obtained through physical layer simulation in the Beidou communication system.
  • Table 1 for the mapping table between the SNR and the MCS, reference may be made to Table 1 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the terminal 100 sends an ACK to the BeiDou network device 200.
  • the ACK is used to indicate that the terminal 100 receives the third user frame.
  • the ACK carries an MCS indication field, and the MCS indication field is used to indicate the first MCS.
  • the frame format of the ACK can refer to the frame format of the inbound ACK frame shown in Figure 12A or Figure 12B:
  • the frame format of the inbound physical frame may include a synchronization header, a data segment and a parity bit.
  • the synchronization header of the inbound physical frame can be used to distinguish the frame type of the inbound physical frame, and the time length of the synchronization header can be 40ms.
  • the frame types of the inbound physical frames may include position report frames, emergency rescue frames, and message communication frames.
  • the frame type indicated by the value of the synchronization header is a message communication frame.
  • the parity bit can be used to verify the integrity of the data in the data segment.
  • a cyclic redundancy check CRC
  • the check digit may include a CRC check code.
  • the data segment may include a user frame, and the user frame may include frame header information and user information.
  • the frame header information may include a version number field, a subtype indication field, a user ID field, an MCS indication field, and a reserved (reserve, RSV) field.
  • the version number field may be used to indicate the protocol format version of the user frame.
  • the subtype indication field can be used to indicate the subtype of the user frame, wherein the subtype of the user frame can include a general data frame, an ACK frame and a receipt frame, etc., wherein the value of the subtype indication field of the inbound ACK frame indicates The subtype of ACK frame.
  • the user ID field may be used to indicate the device identification of the terminal 100 .
  • the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the fourth MCS that the terminal 100 suggests the Beidou network device 200 to adopt.
  • the user information of the inbound ACK frame may include an ACK field and padding data.
  • the ACK field can be 1 bit, and the filling data can be used to fill the inbound ACK frame to a specified data length, so as to meet the requirement that the inbound physical frame has a fixed data length.
  • the ACK field can be used to indicate whether the terminal 100 has received the SLC PDU that the Beidou network device 200 has sent to the SLC layer of the terminal 100. For example, when the value of the ACK field is "0", it means that the terminal 100 has not received the SLC PDU sent to the terminal 100 by the Beidou network device 200. When the value of the ACK field is "1", it means that the terminal 100 has received the SLC PDU sent to the terminal 100 by the Beidou network device 200.
  • the data length of the MCS indication field may be 2 bits.
  • the value of the MCS indication field and its meaning can be shown in Table 3 below:
  • the value "00" of the MCS indication field is an invalid (NA) value.
  • the value "01" of the MCS indication field corresponds to MCS0 (0-order MCS).
  • the value "10" of the MCS indication field corresponds to MCS1 (1st order MCS).
  • the value "11" of the MCS indication field corresponds to MCS2 (2-stage MCS).
  • MCS0 can be BPSK and 3/4 code rate
  • MCS1 can be QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • MCS2 can be QPSK and 3/4 code rate.
  • the types of MCS used by the Beidou network device 200 may not be limited to three, and there may be fewer or more.
  • the data length of the MCS indication field may also vary based on the number of MCS types used by the Beidou network device 200 . For example, when there are five types of MCS used by the Beidou network device 200, the data length of the MCS indication field may be 3 bits.
  • the data length of the MCS indication field may be fixed at 2 bits.
  • the value of the MCS indication field and its meaning can be shown in Table 4 below:
  • the value "00" of the MCS indication field is an invalid (NA) value.
  • the value "01" of the MCS indication field is used to indicate that the Beidou network device 200 continues to code and modulate the subsequent user frames of the terminal 100 using the third MCS used when coding and modulating the physical frame A above, that is, the first MCS is the same as the third MCS.
  • the value "10" of the MCS indication field is used to indicate the first MCS obtained by the Beidou network device 200 on the basis of the third MCS used when encoding and modulating the physical frame A (for example, by adding 1 order), for the terminal 100 subsequent user frames are coded and modulated.
  • the value "11" of the MCS indication field is used to indicate the first MCS obtained by reducing the order (for example, by 1 order) based on the third MCS used by the Beidou network device 200 when encoding and modulating the physical frame A. For the terminal 100 Subsequent user frames are coded and modulated.
  • Table 4 above are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limitations.
  • the terminal 100 can preferentially use the above-mentioned table 3 In the feedback mode, the MCS information is fed back to the Beidou network device 200 through the MCS indication field in the ACK frame. If the MCS end type supported by the Beidou network device 200 is greater than 3, the terminal 100 can preferentially use the feedback mode shown in Table 4 above, and feed back the MCS information to the Beidou network device 200 through the MCS indication field in the ACK frame.
  • the frame format of the inbound physical frame may include a synchronization header, a data segment, and a parity bit.
  • the synchronization header of the inbound physical frame can be used to distinguish the frame type of the inbound physical frame, and the time length of the synchronization header can be 40ms.
  • the frame types of the inbound physical frames may include position report frames, emergency rescue frames, and message communication frames.
  • the frame type indicated by the value of the synchronization header is a message communication frame.
  • the parity bit can be used to verify the integrity of the data in the data segment.
  • a cyclic redundancy check CRC
  • the check digit may include a CRC check code.
  • the data segment may include a user frame, and the user frame may include frame header information and user information.
  • the frame header information may include a version number field, a subtype indication field, a user ID field, and a reserved (reserve, RSV) field.
  • the version number field may be used to indicate the protocol format version of the user frame.
  • the subtype indication field can be used to indicate the subtype of the user frame, wherein the subtype of the user frame can include a general data frame, an ACK frame and a receipt frame, etc., wherein the value of the subtype indication field of the inbound ACK frame indicates The subtype of ACK frame.
  • the user ID field may be used to indicate the device identification of the terminal 100 .
  • the user information of the inbound ACK frame may include an ACK field and padding data.
  • the ACK field may include an MCS indication field, and the ACK field may be 2 bits.
  • Padding data can be used to pad the inbound ACK frame to the specified data length to meet the requirement that the inbound physical frame has a fixed data length.
  • the ACK field since the ACK field includes the MCS indication field, the ACK field can be used to indicate whether the terminal 100 has received the SLC PDU that the Beidou network device 200 has sent to the SLC layer of the terminal 100.
  • the ACK field indicates that the terminal 100 has received the SLC PDU that the Beidou network device 200 has sent to the SLC layer of the terminal 100
  • the ACK field may also indicate that the terminal 100 suggests the first MCS that the Beidou network device 200 adopts.
  • the data length of the ACK field may be 2 bits.
  • the value and meaning of the ACK field can be shown in Table 5 below:
  • the terminal 100 can return an ACK to the Beidou network device 200.
  • NACK which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has not received the last frame SLC PDU (ie, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200.
  • the value of the ACK field is "01", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received the last frame SLC PDU (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200, and indicates that the Beidou network device 200 is sending the next frame SLC PDU ( That is, the user frame B) uses MCS0 (0-order MCS) for coding and modulation.
  • the value of the ACK field is "10", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received the last frame SLC PDU (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200, and indicates that the Beidou network device 200 is sending the next frame SLC PDU ( That is, the user frame B) adopts MCS1 (first-order MCS) for coding and modulation.
  • MCS1 first-order MCS
  • the value of the ACK field is "11", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received the last frame SLC PDU (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200, and indicates that the Beidou network device 200 is sending the next frame SLC PDU (That is, MCS2 (2-order MCS) is used for coding and modulation in the user frame B).
  • MCS0 can be BPSK and 3/4 code rate
  • MCS1 can be QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • MCS2 can be QPSK and 3/4 code rate.
  • Table 5 are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as limitations.
  • the terminal 100 can return an ACK to the Beidou network device 200 after receiving a group (N, for example, N can be 4) of SLC PDUs sent by the Beidou network device 200 . in,
  • NACK When the value of the ACK field is "00”, it is "NACK", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has not received a group (N) of SLC PDUs sent by the Beidou network device 200.
  • the value of the ACK field is "01", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received all the last set of SLC PDUs sent by the Beidou network equipment 200, and indicates that the Beidou network equipment 200 uses MCS0 (0-order MCS) when sending the next set of SLC PDUs Code modulation.
  • the value of the ACK field is "10", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received all the last set of SLC PDUs (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network equipment 200, and indicates that the Beidou network equipment 200 is sending the next set of SLC PDUs MCS1 (1st order MCS) is used for coding and modulation.
  • the value of the ACK field is "11", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received all the last set of SLC PDUs (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network equipment 200, and indicates that the Beidou network equipment 200 is sending the next set of SLC PDUs MCS2 (2nd-order MCS) is used for coding and modulation.
  • MCS0 can be BPSK and 3/4 code rate
  • MCS1 can be QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • MCS2 can be QPSK and 3/4 code rate.
  • Table 5 are only used to explain the present application and should not be construed as limitations.
  • the types of MCS used by the Beidou network device 200 may not be limited to three, and there may be fewer or more.
  • the data length of the ACK field may also vary based on the number of MCS types used by the Beidou network device 200 . For example, when there are five MCS types used by the Beidou network device 200, the data length of the MCS indication field may be 3 bits.
  • the data length of the ACK field may be fixed at 2 bits.
  • the value and meaning of the ACK field can be shown in Table 6 below:
  • the value of the ACK field is "00", which is "NACK”, which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has not received the last frame SLC PDU (ie, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200.
  • the value of the ACK field is "01", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received the last frame SLC PDU (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200, and the Beidou network device 200 continues to use the code to modulate the above physical frame A.
  • the used third MCS codes and modulates the subsequent SLC PDU (that is, user frame B) of the terminal 100, that is, the first MCS is the same as the third MCS.
  • the value of the ACK field is "10", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received the last frame SLC PDU (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200, and the Beidou network device 200 uses when encoding and modulating the physical frame A
  • the first MCS obtained by increasing the order (for example, adding 1 order) is used to code and modulate the subsequent SLC PDU (that is, user frame B) of the terminal 100.
  • the value of the ACK field is "11", which is used to indicate that the terminal 100 has received the last frame SLC PDU (that is, user frame A) sent by the Beidou network device 200, and the Beidou network device 200 uses when encoding and modulating the physical frame A
  • the first MCS obtained by reducing the order (for example, by 1 order) is used to code and modulate the subsequent SLC PDU (that is, user frame B) of the terminal 100.
  • the terminal 100 when the data length of the above-mentioned ACK field can be fixed at 2 bits, if the MCS order type supported by the Beidou network device 200 is less than or equal to 3, the terminal 100 can preferentially use the feedback shown in the above-mentioned Table 5 In this mode, the MCS information is fed back to the Beidou network device 200 through the ACK field in the ACK frame. If the MCS end type supported by the Beidou network device 200 is greater than 3, the terminal 100 can preferentially use the feedback mode shown in Table 6 above, and feed back the MCS information to the Beidou network device 200 through the ACK field in the ACK frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 After receiving the first ACK, the Beidou network device 200 determines the outbound MCS based on the first MCS indicated in the MCS indication field of the first ACK.
  • the outbound MCS is the same as the first MCS, and the Beidou network device 200 may directly use the first MCS indicated by the terminal 100 in the MCS indication field to encode and modulate the physical frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS based on the actual outbound traffic volume and the first MCS. For example, the terminal 400 instructs the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 using the fifth MCS through the MCS indication field. The Beidou network device 200 may schedule the fifth user frame of the terminal 400 and the second user frame of the terminal 100 into the first physical frame. If the order of the fifth MCS is smaller than the order of the first MCS, the Beidou network device 200 may use the fifth MCS to code and modulate the first physical frame. If the fifth MCS is greater than or equal to the order of the first MCS, the Beidou network device 200 may use the first MCS to code and modulate the first physical frame.
  • the terminal 100 may instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100 in MCS1 (for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate) through the MCS indication field.
  • the terminal 400 can instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 in MCS2 (QPSK and 3/4 code rate) through the MCS indication field in the letter message download request frame.
  • MCS1 for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • the terminal 100 may instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100 in MCS1 (for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate) through the MCS indication field.
  • the terminal 400 can instruct the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 400 in MCS2 (QPSK and 3/4 code rate) through the MCS indication field in the letter message download request frame.
  • MCS1 for example, QPSK and 1/2 code rate
  • the Beidou network device 200 can use the MCS with the smallest order among the MCS indicated by multiple terminals to send the outbound physical frame , so as to ensure that the multiple terminals can parse their respective user frames from the outbound physical frame.
  • terminal 100 may be called a first terminal
  • terminal 400 may be called a second terminal.
  • the Beidou network device 200 puts the second user frame to be sent to the terminal 100 into the first physical frame, and encodes and modulates the first physical frame based on the outbound MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends the first outbound data.
  • the first outbound data includes the pilot information of the S2C-p channel and the coded and modulated first physical frame on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 parses out the second user frame of the terminal 100 from the first outbound data.
  • the terminal 100 may demodulate and decode the received first outbound data through the first MCS determined above. If the decoding is successful, the terminal 100 may parse out the second user frame of the terminal 100 from the first physical frame.
  • the terminal 100 may traverse other MCSs to decode the first outbound data until the decoding succeeds.
  • the process that the terminal 100 may decode the first outbound data may be as follows:
  • Terminal 100 demodulates and decodes the first outbound data through the selected MCS. If the check value calculated by the terminal 100 based on the data segment in the decoded physical frame is the same as the value of the check bit field in the decoded physical frame, the terminal 100 determines that the decoding is successful, and the MCS used by the terminal 100 for successful decoding is BeiDou The outbound MCS used by the network device 200. If the check value calculated by the terminal 100 for the data segment in the decoded physical frame is different from the value of the check bit field in the decoded physical frame, the terminal 100 determines that the decoding fails.
  • the terminal 100 can measure the channel on the S2C-d channel when analyzing the third user frame sent by the Beidou network device 200 The quality determines the MCS used when the Beidou network device 200 sends service data to the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 returns an ACK to the Beidou network device 200, it may carry an MCS indication field in the ACK, and the MCS indication field may be used to indicate the MCS used when the terminal 100 instructs the Beidou network device 200 to send service data to the terminal 100. In this way, the terminal 100 can feed back the outbound MCS to the Beidou network device 200 without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 above can be implemented in combination with the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the terminal 100 can determine the first MCS by measuring the channel quality of the S2C-p channel, and send the first MCS to the Beidou network through the first MCS indication field of the data request frame
  • the device 200 instructs the Beidou network device 200 to refer to the use of the first MCS for coding and modulation when sending the first outbound user frame in the service data to the terminal 100 .
  • the terminal 100 After the terminal 100 receives the first or intermediate outbound user frame in the service data, it can measure the channel quality on the S2C-d channel, and determine the fourth MCS based on the channel quality on the S2C-d channel, and pass the ACK frame
  • the second MCS indication field carries the fourth MCS and sends it to the Beidou network device 200, instructing the Beidou network device 200 to refer to the fourth MCS for coding and modulation when sending the requested service data to the terminal 100 in the next user frame.
  • the terminal 100 can measure the channel quality of the Beidou network device 200 on the S2C-p channel before sending the data request frame to the Beidou network device 200, and determine the first MCS based on the channel quality on the S2C-p channel.
  • the terminal 100 may send a data request frame to the Beidou network device 200, wherein the frame header information of the data request frame carries an MCS indication field, and the MCS indication field is used to indicate the first MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 After receiving the data request frame, the Beidou network device 200 can generate the first application layer message, and split the first application layer message into multiple user frames, and the multiple user frames include the second A user frame and a fourth user frame, wherein the second user frame is the first user frame in the plurality of user frames, and the fourth user frame is a non-first user frame in the plurality of user frames.
  • the Beidou network device 200 puts the second user frame into the first physical frame, and codes and modulates the first physical frame through the outbound MCS determined based on the first MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends the first outbound data, the outbound data includes the pilot information of the S2C-p channel, and the coded and modulated first physical frame on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 may analyze the second user frame of the terminal 100 based on the first outbound data.
  • the terminal 100 After receiving the user frame A (the first user frame or the non-first user frame), the terminal 100 determines the fourth MCS by measuring the channel quality of the S2C-d channel, and sends the first ACK to the Beidou network device 200, Wherein, the first ACK carries the second MCS indication field, which is used to indicate the fourth MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS based on the fourth MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can put the next user frame (for example, the fourth user frame) of the terminal 100 into the third physical frame, and use the outbound MCS determined based on the fourth MCS to process the third physical frame code modulation.
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends the third outbound data to the terminal 100, wherein the third outbound data includes the pilot information of the S2C-p channel and the coded and modulated third physical frame on the S2C-d channel.
  • the terminal 100 preferentially uses the fourth MCS to parse out the fourth user frame of the terminal 100 from the third outbound data.
  • the terminal 100 may perform the above steps 7 to 11 in a loop.
  • step 1-step 11 For the specific content in the above step 1-step 11, reference may be made to the content in the aforementioned embodiment shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 11 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the Beidou network device 200 cannot obtain the channel quality feedback from the terminal 100 .
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends user frames to the terminal 100 in a non-acknowledged mode. After receiving the user frame, the terminal 100 does not return an ACK to the terminal 100, and the Beidou network device 200 cannot obtain the channel quality or MCS fed back by the terminal 100. Therefore, the Beidou network device 200 can measure the channel quality of the inbound channel based on the data request frame sent by the terminal 100, and then calculate the channel quality of the outbound S2C-d channel. The Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS based on the channel quality of the S2C-d channel. In this way, the Beidou network device 200 can select an outbound MCS without additional signaling overhead, thereby improving channel utilization.
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for outbound data transmission in the Beidou communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method includes:
  • the terminal 100 sends a data request frame to the Beidou network device 200.
  • the data request frame may include a mailbox overview query frame and a mail download frame.
  • a mailbox overview query frame and a mail download frame.
  • FIG. 14 for the frame format of the mailbox overview query frame and the letter download frame.
  • an inbound physical frame may include a synchronization header, a data segment, and a parity bit.
  • the synchronization header of the inbound physical frame can be used to distinguish the frame type of the inbound physical frame, and the time length of the synchronization header can be 40ms.
  • the frame types of the inbound physical frames may include position report frames, emergency rescue frames, and message communication frames.
  • the frame type indicated by the value of the synchronization header is a message communication frame.
  • the parity bit can be used to verify the integrity of the data in the data segment.
  • a cyclic redundancy check CRC
  • the check digit may include a CRC check code.
  • the data segment may include a user frame, and the user frame may include frame header information and user information.
  • the frame header information may include a version number field, a subtype indication field, a user ID field, and a reserved (reserve, RSV) field.
  • the version number field may be used to indicate the protocol format version of the user frame.
  • the subtype indication field may be used to indicate the subtype of the user frame, where the subtype of the user frame may include a general data frame, an ACK frame, a receipt frame, and the like.
  • the user ID field may be used to indicate the device identification of the terminal 100 .
  • the application layer message may include a message header and message data.
  • the message header may include a service type field, an encryption indication field, and a compression indication field.
  • the service type field can be used to indicate the service type of the application layer message.
  • the service type of the application layer message may include mailbox profile query service, letter download service, and communication message service.
  • the message data can carry the query information of the terminal 100, wherein the query information includes the query time of the terminal 100, the message sent to the terminal 100 by the terminal 100 query specified user number of , and so on.
  • the message data may carry the identifier of the letter message that the terminal 100 requests the Beidou network device 200 to send.
  • the Beidou network device 200 measures the channel quality of the inbound channel when the data request frame is received.
  • the Beidou network device 200 determines the channel quality of the S2C-d channel based on the channel quality of the inbound channel.
  • the link of the inbound channel and the link of the outbound S2C-d channel have little difference in the spatial transmission path, but because the frequency of the inbound channel and the frequency of the outbound S2C-d channel are different , so there is a certain difference between the channel quality of the inbound channel and the channel quality of the outbound S2C-d channel.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can calculate the channel quality of the outbound S2C-d channel based on the channel quality of the inbound channel.
  • the channel quality may include but not limited to be measured by SNR.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can determine the SNR of the outbound S2C-d channel based on the following formula (2):
  • SNR Tx is the SNR of the outbound S2C-d channel
  • SNR Rx is the SNR of the inbound channel
  • ⁇ is the channel quality difference between the outbound S2C-d channel and the inbound channel.
  • the channel quality difference has a time-varying characteristic, and in a specific implementation, the Beidou network device 200 may periodically update the channel quality difference.
  • the Beidou network device 200 determines the outbound MCS based on the channel quality of the S2C-d channel.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS from the mapping table of SNR and MCS based on the SNR of the S2C-d channel.
  • the mapping table of the SNR and the MCS may be obtained through physical layer simulation in the Beidou communication system.
  • Table 1 for the mapping table between the SNR and the MCS, reference may be made to Table 1 in the above-mentioned embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the Beidou network device 200 generates a first application layer packet in response to the data request frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can parse the application layer message from the data request frame, and distinguish the service type of the data request frame from the service type indication field of the application layer service message.
  • the terminal 100 If the service type of the data request frame is a mailbox profile query service, the terminal 100 generates a first application layer message based on the query information.
  • the terminal 100 parses out the message identifier sent by the Beidou network device 200 requested by the terminal 100 carried in the message data of the data request frame.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the first message from the mailbox of the terminal 100 based on the message identifier sent by the Beidou network device 200 requested by the terminal 100, and generate the first application layer message based on the first message.
  • the Beidou network device 200 splits the first application layer packet into one or more user frames, where the one or more user frames include the second user frame.
  • the second user frame may be any one of the one or more user frames in the first application layer message.
  • the Beidou network device 200 puts the second user frame into the first physical frame, and performs encoding and modulation on the first physical frame based on the outbound MCS.
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends the first outbound data (including the pilot information on the S2C-p channel and the coded and modulated first physical frame on the S2C-d channel).
  • the terminal 100 blindly decodes the second user frame of the terminal 100 from the first outbound data.
  • the Beidou network device 200 sends outbound data at a low rate (for example, 2kbps, 4kbps, etc.).
  • the terminal 100 may perform multiple decoding operations (for example, 1000 times) within the transmission time of one physical frame (for example, 125 ms). Therefore, the terminal 100 may adopt a blind solution strategy to decode the second user frame of the terminal 100 from the first outbound data.
  • the terminal 100 may traverse different MCSs supported by the Beidou network device 200 to demodulate and decode the first outbound data. If the check value (for example, CRC check value) calculated by the terminal 100 based on the data segment in the decoded physical frame is the same as the value of the check bit field in the decoded physical frame, the terminal 100 determines that the decoding is successful, and the terminal 100 decodes The successfully used MCS is the outbound MCS used by the Beidou network device 200 .
  • the check value for example, CRC check value
  • the terminal 100 determines that the decoding has failed, and the terminal 100 uses another MCS to re-check the first output segment. Station data is demodulated and decoded. Until the decoding of the first outbound data is successful.
  • the Beidou network device 200 can measure the channel quality of the inbound channel based on the data request frame sent by the terminal 100, and then convert the outbound S2C- Channel quality of the d channel.
  • the Beidou network device 200 may determine the outbound MCS based on the channel quality of the S2C-d channel. In this way, the Beidou network device 200 can complete the selection of the outbound MCS without additional signaling overhead, improving channel utilization.
  • the above content elaborates the method provided by the present application in detail.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide corresponding devices or equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application may divide the terminal 100 into functional modules according to the above method example, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1500 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1500 may be the terminal 100 in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the communication device 1500 may be a chip/chip system, for example, a Beidou communication chip.
  • the communication device 1500 may include a transceiver unit 1510 and a processing unit 1520 .
  • the transceiver unit 1510 may be configured to send the first user frame to Beidou network equipment.
  • the first user frame carries the first modulation and coding mode MCS indication field
  • the first MCS indication field is used to suggest that the Beidou network equipment use the first MCS for encoding and modulation when sending the user frame of the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 1510 is also configured to receive the first outbound data sent by the Beidou network equipment, the first outbound data includes the coded and modulated first physical frame on the data channel and the pilot information on the pilot channel.
  • the processing unit 1520 may be configured to analyze the second user frame sent by the Beidou network device to the first terminal from the first outbound data based on the first MCS.
  • the above-mentioned first user frame may be a data request frame, and for specific content, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the first user frame may also be an ACK frame.
  • the transceiver unit 1510 may also be configured to perform the functional steps related to sending and receiving performed by the terminal 100 in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 13 above.
  • the processing unit 1520 may also be configured to execute functional steps related to decoding, channel quality measurement, or MCS determination based on channel quality performed by the terminal 100 in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 , or FIG. 13 .
  • the communication device 1500 in this design can correspondingly perform the method steps performed by the terminal 100 in the foregoing embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1600 provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication apparatus 1600 may be the Beidou network device 200 in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the communication device 1600 can be a specific network element in the Beidou network equipment 200, for example, one or more network elements in the Beidou ground transceiver station 22, the Beidou central station 23, and the Beidou short message fusion communication platform 24 The combination.
  • the communication device 1600 may include a transceiver unit 1610 and a processing unit 1620 .
  • the transceiver unit 1610 may be used for the first user frame sent by the first terminal, wherein the first user frame carries a first MCS indication field, and the first MCS indication field is used to suggest that the Beidou network
  • the device uses the first MCS to perform encoding and modulation when sending the user frame of the first terminal.
  • the transceiver unit 1610 is further configured to continue to receive the SLC PDU in the first SLC SDU sent by the terminal 100 when the acknowledgment mode indicated by the combination of the first frame total number field and the first frame sequence number field is a parallel acknowledgment mode.
  • the first frame total number field is used to indicate the total number N of SLC PDUs in the first SLC SDU under the parallel acknowledgment mode
  • the first frame sequence number field is used to indicate the frame sequence number of the first SLC PDU in the first SLC SDU.
  • the processing unit 1620 may be configured to put the second user frame to be sent to the first terminal into the first physical frame, and use the first MCS to encode and modulate the first physical frame.
  • the transceiver unit 1610 is further configured to send first outbound data, where the first outbound data includes the first physical frame coded and modulated on the data channel and pilot information on the pilot channel.
  • the above-mentioned first user frame may be a data request frame, and for specific content, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiment shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the first user frame may also be an ACK frame.
  • the transceiver unit 1610 may also be configured to execute the functional steps related to sending and receiving performed by the Beidou network device 200 in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 13 above.
  • the processing unit 1620 may also be configured to execute functional steps related to modulation and coding, channel quality measurement, or outbound MCS determination performed by the BeiDou network device 200 in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 13 .
  • the communication device 1600 in this design can correspondingly perform the method steps performed by the Beidou network device 200 in the foregoing embodiments, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • the terminal 100 and the Beidou network device 200 of the embodiment of the present application have been introduced above. It should be understood that any product of any form that has the functions of the terminal 100 described above in FIG. Products of any form with functions fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the terminal 100 described in the embodiment of the present application may be implemented by a general bus architecture.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1700 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1700 may be the terminal 100, or a device therein.
  • the communication device 1700 includes a processor 1701 and a transceiver 1702 internally connected and communicating with the processor.
  • the processor 1701 is a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor or the like.
  • it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit for satellite communications.
  • the baseband processor of satellite communication can be used to process satellite communication protocols and satellite communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as baseband chips, terminals, terminal chips, etc.), execute computer programs, and process computer Program data.
  • the transceiver 1702 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., and is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the transceiver 1702 may include a receiver and a transmitter, and the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit for realizing a receiving function; the transmitter may be called a transmitter or a sending circuit for realizing a sending function.
  • the communication device 1700 may further include an antenna 1703 and/or a radio frequency unit (not shown in the figure).
  • the antenna 1703 and/or the radio frequency unit may be located inside the communication device 1700, or may be separated from the communication device 1700, that is, the antenna 1703 and/or the radio frequency unit may be remote or distributed.
  • the communication device 1700 may include one or more memories 1704, on which instructions may be stored, the instructions may be computer programs, and the computer programs may be run on the communication device 1700, so that the communication device 1700 executes the above-mentioned Methods described in the Methods Examples.
  • data may also be stored in the memory 1704 .
  • the communication device 1700 and the memory 1704 can be set separately or integrated together.
  • the processor 1701, the transceiver 1702, and the memory 1704 may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the communication device 1700 can be used to perform the functions of the terminal 100 in the foregoing embodiments: the processor 1701 can be used to perform the related decoding, channel Quality measurement or functional steps for determining MCS based on channel quality and/or other processes for the technology described herein; the transceiver 1702 can be used to perform the above-mentioned steps performed by the terminal 100 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 13 Functional steps performed on sending and receiving and/or other processes for the techniques described herein.
  • the processor 1701 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and sending functions.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits for realizing the functions of receiving and sending can be separated or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the processor 1701 may store instructions, which may be computer programs, and the computer programs run on the processor 1701 to enable the communication device 1700 to execute the method steps performed by the terminal 100 in the above method embodiments.
  • the computer program may be fixed in the processor 1701, and in this case, the processor 1701 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication device 1700 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the function of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processors and transceivers described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuits (integrated circuits, ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards ( printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be fabricated using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (bipolar junction transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • Communications apparatus 1700 may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication device 1700 may be:
  • a set of one or more ICs may also include storage components for storing data and computer programs;
  • ASIC such as modem (Modem);
  • any network element for example, Beidou ground transceiver station 22, Beidou central station 23, Beidou short message fusion communication platform 24
  • Beidou network equipment 200 described in the embodiment of the application can Implemented by a generic bus architecture.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1800 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 1800 may be the Beidou network device 200, or a device therein.
  • the communication device 1800 includes a processor 1801 and a transceiver 1802 internally connected and communicating with the processor.
  • the processor 1801 is a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor or the like.
  • it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit for satellite communications.
  • the baseband processor of the satellite communication can be used to process the satellite communication protocol and satellite communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control the communication device (eg, baseband chip, etc.), execute the computer program, and process the data of the computer program.
  • the transceiver 1802 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., and is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the transceiver 1802 may include a receiver and a transmitter, and the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit for realizing a receiving function; the transmitter may be called a transmitter or a sending circuit for realizing a sending function.
  • the communication device 1800 may further include an antenna 1803 and/or a radio frequency unit (not shown in the figure).
  • the antenna 1803 and/or the radio frequency unit may be located inside the communication device 1800, or may be separated from the communication device 1800, that is, the antenna 1803 and/or the radio frequency unit may be remote or distributed.
  • the communication device 1800 may include one or more memories 1804, on which instructions may be stored, the instructions may be computer programs, and the computer programs may be run on the communication device 1800, so that the communication device 1800 executes the above-mentioned Methods described in the Methods Examples.
  • data may also be stored in the memory 1804 .
  • the communication device 1800 and the memory 1804 can be set separately or integrated together.
  • the processor 1801, the transceiver 1802, and the memory 1804 may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the communication device 1800 can be used to execute the functions of the Beidou network device 200 in the foregoing embodiments: the processor 1801 can be used to execute the functions performed by the Beidou network device 200 in the embodiments shown in FIG. 9 , FIG. 11 or FIG. 13 . Regarding functional steps related to modulation coding, channel quality measurements, or determining outbound MCS and/or other processes for the techniques described herein; transceiver 1802 may be used to perform the embodiments shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 11, or FIG. 13 described above Functional steps performed by the Beidou network device 200 related to execution related to sending and receiving and/or other processes for the technology described herein.
  • the processor 1801 may include a transceiver for implementing receiving and sending functions.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits for realizing the functions of receiving and sending can be separated or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for signal transmission or transfer.
  • the processor 1801 may store instructions, the instructions may be computer programs, and the computer programs run on the processor 1801 to enable the communication device 1800 to execute the method steps performed by the terminal 100 in the above method embodiments.
  • the computer program may be fixed in the processor 1801, and in this case, the processor 1801 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer program code is stored, and when the above-mentioned processor executes the computer program code, the electronic device executes the method in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, which, when the computer program product is run on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method in any one of the preceding embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which can exist in the product form of a chip.
  • the structure of the device includes a processor and an interface circuit.
  • the processor is used to communicate with other devices through a receiving circuit, so that the device performs the aforementioned The method in any of the examples.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a Beidou communication system, including a terminal 100 and a Beidou network device 200.
  • the terminal 100 and the Beidou network device 200 can execute the method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • This application fully introduces the communication function of short messages in the Beidou communication system. It is understandable that there may be communication functions supporting short messages in other satellite systems. Therefore, it is not limited to the Beidou communication system. If other satellite systems also support the short message communication function, the method introduced in this application is also applicable to the communication of other satellite systems.
  • the steps of the methods or algorithms described in connection with the disclosure of this application can be implemented in the form of hardware, or can be implemented in the form of a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), flash memory, erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable ROM, EPROM), electrically erasable Programmable read-only memory (Electrically EPROM, EEPROM), registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC may be located in the core network interface device.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the core network interface device as discrete components.
  • Computer-readable media includes both computer-readable storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another.
  • a storage media may be any available media that can be accessed by a general purpose or special purpose computer.

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Abstract

本申请涉及卫星通信技术领域，公开了北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现终端在入站的第一用户帧中携带MCS信息，发送给北斗网络设备，指示北斗网络设备按照终端建议的MCS信息编码调制发送给终端的业务数据。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。

Description

北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法、系统及相关装置
本申请要求于2021年08月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110969792.3、申请名称为“北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法、系统及相关装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及卫星通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法、系统及相关装置。
背景技术
北斗卫星导航系统是集定位、授时、通信于一体的重大基础设施。北斗卫星导航系统区别于全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)、全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)等其它全球定位导航系统的特色之一，特别适用于在海洋、沙漠、草原、无人区等移动通信未覆盖、或覆盖不了、或通信系统被破坏的区域进行定位和通信。北斗短报文业务的通信系统对技术体制进行升级，将北斗短报文业务的通信系统一些必要的资源开放给民用，针对民用业务和设备特性，需要依据北斗短报文业务的通信系统的特性设计通信协议。
在无线通信中，由于各个用户所处的位置不同，通信时间点不同，天气状况的变化，都会导致不同的通信链路指令，为了适配不同的通信链路，需要针对不同的通信链路质量进行自适应的调制编码方式(modulationandcodingscheme，MCS)阶数的选择，以确保实现高吞吐率，提升无线通道资源的利用率。因此，在链路自适应中，对信道状态的正确评估，是确保选择到的MCS正确的关键因素。由于MCS是在发送端配置，而链路的质量状态，只有接收端才知道。所以，一般发送端为了获得正确及时的得到接收端的链路状态信息，需要在发送数据之前，发送探测信号给接收端。接收端基于探测信号进行测量，得到信号质量状态，并反馈信道状态信息(channelstateinformation，CSI)给发送端。发送端根据接收到的信号质量状态信息来设置MCS发送数据。
但是，在北斗短报文业务等卫星通信系统中，由于空口资源有限，无法支持通过探测信号测量信道质量来设置发送端的MCS。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法、系统及相关装置，实现了不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，包括：第一终端发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备，其中，第一用户帧携带第一调制与编码方式MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段用于建议北斗网络设备发送第一终端的用户帧时使用第一MCS进行编码调制；第一终端接收北斗网络设备发送的第一出站数据，第一出站数据包括在数据数据信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息；第一终端基于第一MCS从第一出站数据中解析北斗网络设备发送给第一终端的第二用户帧。
通过本申请实施例提供的北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现第一终端在入站 的第一用户帧中携带MCS信息，发送给北斗网络设备，指示北斗网络设备按照终端建议的MCS信息编码调制发送给第一终端的业务数据。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成第一终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一用户帧为数据请求帧，数据请求帧的帧头信息中包括第一MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一MCS的阶数，数据请求帧用于请求北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端；在第一终端发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备之前，方法还包括：第一终端接收北斗网络设备在导频信道上发送的导频信息，并测量导频信道上的信道质量；第一终端基于导频信道上的信道质量，确定出数据信道的信道质量；第一终端基于数据信道的信道质量，从信道质量与MCS的映射关系中确定出第一MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，数据请求帧中包括业务类型字段，业务类型字段用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型，其中，业务类型字段的值为第一值或第二值，其中，第一值用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务，第二值用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型为信件消息下载业务。
其中，导频信道的信道质量包括导频信道的信噪比SNR，数据信道的信道质量包括数据信道的SNR；
第一终端通过如下公式确定出数据信道的SNR：
SNR d＝SNR p+δ
其中，SNR d为数据信道的SNR，SNR p为导频信道的SNR，δ为数据信道与导频信道的信道质量差值。
这样，第一终端接收北斗网络设备下发的业务数据之前，第一终端需要主动发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备。第一终端可以通过测量导频信道确定北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。第一终端可以在数据请求帧中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示第一终端建议北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成第一终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一用户帧为确认标识符ACK帧；在第一终端发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备之前，方法还包括：第一终端接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二出站数据，第二出站数据包括数据信道上经过编码调制的第二物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息；第一终端使用第三MCS从第二物理帧中解码出第三用户帧，并测量数据信道上的信道质量；第一终端基于数据信道上的信道质量，确定出第一MCS，第一用户帧用于指示第一终端已接收到第三用户帧。
这样，第一终端可以在解析出北斗网络设备下发的第二用户帧时，通过测量出数据信道上的信道质量确定北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。第一终端可以在返回ACK给北斗网络设备时，在ACK中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示第一终端指示北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成第一终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一用户帧的帧头信息中包括第一MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一MCS的阶数，或者，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一MCS与第三MCS相比较的阶数高低。
在一种可能的实现方式中，ACK帧的ACK域包括第一MCS指示字段；其中，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一终端是否接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧以及第一MCS阶数；或者，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一终端是否接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧以及第一MCS与第二MCS相比较的阶数高低。这样，可以复用ACK域作为MCS指示字段，节约帧头的开销。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在第一终端基于第一MCS从第一出站数据中解析北斗网络设备发送给第一终端的第二用户帧之后，方法还包括：第一终端发送第一ACK，第一ACK用于指示第一终端已接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧，其中，第一ACK中包括第二MCS指示字段，第二MCS指示字段用于建议北斗网络设备发送第一终端的用户帧时使用第四MCS进行编码调制；第一终端接收到北斗网络设备发送的第三出站数据，其中，第三出站数据包括在数据信道上经过编码调制的第三物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息；第一终端基于第四MCS从第三出站数据中解析北斗网络设备发送给第一终端的第四用户帧。
第二方面，本申请提供另了一北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，包括：北斗网络设备接收第一终端发送的第一用户帧，其中，第一用户帧携带第一MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段用于建议北斗网络设备发送第一终端的用户帧时使用第一MCS进行编码调制；北斗网络设备将待发送给第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制；北斗网络设备发送第一出站数据，第一出站数据包括在数据信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
通过本申请实施例提供的北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现第一终端在入站的第一用户帧中携带MCS信息，发送给北斗网络设备，指示北斗网络设备按照终端建议的MCS信息编码调制发送给第一终端的业务数据。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成第一终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一用户帧为数据请求帧，数据请求帧的帧头信息中包括第一MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一MCS的阶数，数据请求帧用于请求北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端；在北斗网络设备接收第一终端发送的第一用户帧之后，方法还包括：北斗网络设备响应于数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文；北斗网络设备将第一应用层报文拆分成一个或多个用户帧，一个或多个用户帧包括第二用户帧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，数据请求帧中包括业务类型字段，业务类型字段用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型，其中，业务类型字段的值为第一值，其中，第一值用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务；北斗网络设备响应于数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文，具体包括：北斗网络设备响应于数据请求帧，基于第一终端的信箱概况信息生成第一应用层报文，第一终端的信箱概况信息包括第一终端待下载信件消息的数量、发送时间和发送方标 识中的一个或多个。
在一种可能的实现方式中，数据请求帧中包括业务类型字段，业务类型字段用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型，其中，业务类型字段的值为第二值，其中，第二值用于指示数据请求帧的业务类型为信件消息下载业务；北斗网络设备响应于数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文，具体包括：北斗网络设备响应于数据请求帧，从第一终端的信箱中查询到第一信件消息，并基于第一信件消息生成第一应用层报文。
这样，第一终端接收北斗网络设备下发的业务数据之前，第一终端需要主动发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备。第一终端可以通过测量导频信道确定北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。第一终端可以在数据请求帧中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示第一终端建议北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成第一终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一用户帧为ACK帧；在北斗网络设备接收第一终端发送的第一用户帧之前，方法还包括：北斗网络设备将待发送给第一终端的第三用户帧放入第二物理帧中，并使用第三MCS对第二物理帧进行编码调制，第二出站数据包括在数据信道上通过第三MCS进行编码调制的第二物理帧和在导频信道上的导频信息，第一用户帧用于指示第一终端已接收到第三用户帧。
这样，第一终端可以在解析出北斗网络设备下发的第二用户帧时，通过测量出数据信道上的信道质量确定北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。第一终端可以在返回ACK给北斗网络设备时，在ACK中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示第一终端指示北斗网络设备发送业务数据给第一终端时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成第一终端反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备，提升信道利用率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一用户帧的帧头信息中包括第一MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一MCS的阶数，或者，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一MCS与第三MCS相比较的阶数高低。
在一种可能的实现方式中，ACK帧的ACK域包括第一MCS指示字段；其中，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一终端是否接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧以及第一MCS阶数；或者，第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示第一终端是否接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧以及第一MCS与第二MCS相比较的阶数高低。
在一种可能的实现方式中，北斗网络设备发送第一出站数据之后，方法还包括：北斗网络设备接收第一终端发送的第一ACK，第一ACK用于指示第一终端已接收到北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧，其中，第一ACK中包括第二MCS指示字段，第二MCS指示字段用于建议北斗网络设备发送第一终端的用户帧时使用第四MCS进行编码调制；北斗网络设备将待发送给第一终端的第四用户帧放入第三物理帧中，并使用第四MCS对第三物理帧进行编码调制；北斗网络设备发送第三出站数据，第三出站数据包括在数据信道上经过编码调制的第四 物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在北斗网络设备接收第一终端发送的第一用户帧之前，方法还包括：北斗网络设备接收到第二终端发送的第五用户帧，第五用户帧用于建议北斗网络设备发送第二终端的用户帧时使用第五MCS进行编码调制；北斗网络设备将待发送给第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制，具体包括：北斗网络设备将待发送给第一终端的第二用户帧和待发送给第二终端的第五用户帧，放入第一物理帧中，并使用第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一MCS的阶数小于第五MCS的阶数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一MCS的阶数等于第五MCS的阶数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一MCS的阶数大于第五MCS的阶数。
第三方面，本申请提供另了一北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，包括：北斗网络设备接收到第一终端在入站信道上发送的第一用户帧；北斗网络设备测量在接收到第一用户帧时入站信道上的信道质量；北斗网络设备基于入站信道上的信道质量，确定出数据信道的信道质量；北斗网络设备基于数据信道的信道质量，从信道质量与MCS的映射关系中确定出出站MCS；北斗网络设备将待发送给第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用出站MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制；北斗网络设备发送第一出站数据，第一出站数据包括在数据信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
通过本申请提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现北斗网络设备可以基于第一终端发送的数据请求帧，测量入站信道的信道质量，进而折算出出站数据信道的信道质量。北斗网络设备可以基于数据信道的信道质量，确定出站MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成北斗网络设备选择出站MCS，提升信道利用率。
第四方面，本申请提供了一种北斗通信系统，包括：第一终端和北斗网络设备；其中，第一终端可以执行上述第一方面中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。北斗网络设备可以执行上述第一方面中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，包括一个或多个处理器、一个或多个存储器和收发器。收发器、该一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得通信装置执行上述第一方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
其中，该通信装置可以为终端或其他产品形态的设备。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种通信装置，包括一个或多个处理器、一个或多个存储器和收发器。收发器、该一个或多个存储器与一个或多个处理器耦合，一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器执行计算机指令时，使得通信装置执行上述第二方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
其中，该通信装置可以为北斗网络设备，或北斗网络设备中的任一网元或多个网元的组 合。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种计算机存储介质，包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种计算机存储介质，包括计算机指令，当计算机指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种芯片或芯片系统，应用于终端，包括处理电路和接口电路，接口电路用于接收代码指令并传输至处理电路，处理电路用于运行代码指令以执行上述第一方面任一项可能的实现方式中的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统的架构示意图；
图2A为本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中数据入站的传输过程示意图；
图2B为本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中数据出站的传输过程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的SNR与吞吐率的曲线示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种MCS选择方式的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的蜂窝网络中的MCS选择方式的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的终端的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统的出站数据的协议封装架构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统的出站数据的协议解析架构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图10A为本申请实施例提供的一种数据请求帧的帧格式示意图；
图10B为本申请实施例提供的一种用户帧调度示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的另一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图12A为本申请实施例提供的一种ACK帧的帧格式示意图；
图12B为本申请实施例提供的另一种ACK帧的帧格式示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的另一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图14为本申请实施例提供的另一种数据请求帧的帧格式示意图；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图16为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清除、详尽地描述。其中，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“/”表示或的意思，例如，A/B可以表示A或B；文本中的“和/或”仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，另外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”是指两个或多于两个。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为暗示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征，在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
下面介绍本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统10。
图1示出了本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统10的架构示意图。
如上图1所示，北斗通信系统10可以包括终端100、北斗短报文卫星21、北斗网络设备200、短消息中心25和终端300。可选的，该北斗通信系统10还可以包括紧急救援平台26、紧急救援中心27。
其中，终端100可以发送短报文信息给北斗短报文卫星21，北斗短报文卫星21只进行中继，直接将终端100发送的短报文信息转发给地面的北斗网络设备200。北斗网络设备200可以根据北斗通信协议解析卫星转发的短报文信息，并将从短报文信息中解析出的通用报文类型的报文内容转发给短消息中心(short message service center，SMSC)25。短消息中心25可以通过传统的蜂窝通信网络，将报文内容转发给终端300。北斗网络设备200也可以将终端100发送的紧急求救类型的报文，通过紧急救援平台26发送给紧急救援中心27。
终端300也可以通过传统的蜂窝通信网络，将短消息发送给短消息中心25。短消息中心25可以将终端300的短消息转发给北斗网络设备200。北斗网络设备200可以将终端300的短消息通过北斗短报文卫星21中继发送给终端100。
其中，上述北斗网络设备200可以包括北斗地面收发站22、北斗中心站23和北斗短报文融合通信平台24。其中，北斗地面收发站22可以包括分别具有发送功能的一个或多个设备和具有接收功能的一个或多个设备，或者可以包括具有发送功能和接收功能的一个或多个设备，此处不作限定。北斗地面收发站22可用于北斗网络设备200在物理层(physical layer protocol，PHY)对数据的处理功能。北斗中心站23可用于北斗网络设备200在卫星链路层(satellite link control protocol，SLC)层和消息汇聚层(message data convergence protocol，MDCP)对数据的处理功能。北斗短报文融合通信平台24可用于在应用层(application layer protocol，APP)对数据的处理功能。
其中，由于北斗通信系统10是通过卫星链路进行通信，其主要特性是：时延长(单向约270ms)，链路损耗大。当前北斗通信系统10支持的业务主要是突发短消息业务，不支持连接状态管理、移动性管理和广播控制信息等。
终端100可以主动通过北斗短报文卫星21给北斗网络设备200发送数据。但是，由于没有空口信令，地面的中心站无法主动寻呼用户。由于卫星通信传播距离远，北斗通信系统10中对终端100的发送功率要求高。受限当前终端100上射频器件的限制，终端100无法向北斗短报文卫星21长时间持续发送信号。为了尽量不损坏终端100上射频器件，终端100的射频器件在发送状态持续工作一段时间后，必须停止工作一段时间后才能继续切换到发送状态继续工作。其中，终端100上发送状态的持续时长由终端100的底层硬件能力所决定。在上 述北斗通信系统10中，为了保证终端100接收到的数据和发送的数据互不干扰，终端100不支持发送数据和接收数据同时发生。终端100需要在发送数据后，再等待接收北斗网络设备200发送的数据。
其中，北斗网络设备200的工作模式可以是双工模式，可以同时收发数据，且北斗网络设备200可以长时间发送和接收数据。
图2A示出了本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中数据入站的传输过程。
如图2A所示，数据入站可以指终端100将数据发送给北斗网络设备200。例如，终端100可以向北斗地面收发站22发送数据帧。北斗地面收发站22可以将数据帧发送给北斗中心站23。北斗中心站23可以将数据帧汇聚成应用层报文上报给北斗短报文融合通信平台24。北斗中心站23可以在接收到终端100发送的数据帧后，向终端100返回SLC层的确认字符(acknowledgecharacter，ACK)。该ACK可用于指示北斗网络设备200是否成功收到终端100发送的数据帧。
图2B示出了本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中数据出站的传输过程。
如图2B所示，数据出站可以指北斗网络设备200将数据发送给终端100。例如，北斗网络设备200中的北斗短报文融合通信平台24可以将应用层报文发送给北斗中心站23；然后北斗中心站23可以将该应用层报文拆分成一个或多个数据帧发送给北斗地面收发站22，由北斗短报文卫星21中继后发送给终端100。终端100接收到数据帧后可以向北斗中心站23返回SLC层的ACK。该ACK可用于终端100是否成功接收到北斗网络设备200发送的数据帧。
下面介绍本申请实施例中涉及的编码和调制。
为了抵抗无线信道的信号传输的恶劣环境，发送端必须要对发送的信号进行转换，转换为适合在特定信道传输的形式，即编码调制。一般来说，编码调制是发送端在待发送的信息号中加入冗余比特，来抵抗信道质量恶化引起的传输失败。在信道质量好的时候，可以通过降低冗余比特的量来提升有效信息的比例，从而提升传输吞吐量。反之，则需要增加冗余比特的开销来确保通信信息能完成低速率的传输。其中，信道质量可以用信道的信噪比(signal-to-noiseratio，SNR)来衡量。
图3示出了本申请实施例中提供的SNR与吞吐率的曲线示意图。
如图3所示，不同的SNR都有一个最佳的MCS选择，因此，如何选择MCS，在无线传输中是提升信道传输吞吐率的一个关键因素。其中，MCS中的调制方式可以包括二进制相移键控(binaryphaseshiftkeying，BPSK)、正交相移键控(quadraturephaseshiftkeying，QPSK)、16正交幅度调制(quadratureamplitudemodelation，QAM)、64QAM等等。MCS中的编码码率(rate)可以包括1/2、3/4等码率。
例如，在SNR大于25分贝(dB)时，选择64QAM-3/4rate的MCS时，信道的传输吞吐率最高。在SNR为20dB时，选择16QAM-3/4rate的MCS时，信道的传输吞吐率最高。上述示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
下面介绍本申请实施例提供的一种MCS选择方式。
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的一种MCS选择方式的流程示意图。
在无线通信中，由于各个用户所处的位置不同，通信时间点不同，天气状况的变化，都会导致不同的通信链路指令，为了适配不同的通信链路，需要针对不同的通信链路质量进行自适应的调制编码方式(modulationandcodingscheme，MCS)阶数的选择，以确保实现高吞吐率，提升无线通道资源的利用率。因此，在链路自适应中，对信道状态的正确评估，是确保选择到的MCS正确的关键因素。由于MCS是在发送端配置，而链路的质量状态，只有接收端才知道。
因此，如图4所示，一般MCS选择方式可以包括如下步骤：
1、发送端发送探测信号给接收端。
2、接收端基于接收到的探测信号，评估接收信道的质量。
3、接收端反馈接收信道的质量给发送端。
4、发送端根据反馈的信道质量选择合适的MCS。
5、发送端根据选定的MCS来发送数据。
图5示出了蜂窝网络中的MCS选择方式的流程示意图。
如图5所示，在蜂窝网路中，例如，LTE，5G-NR，可以通过如下步骤选择MCS：
1、基站发送系统消息给终端。
2、终端在接收到系统消息后，发起建立链接请求给基站。
3、基站在接收到建立链接请求后，完整与终端的链接建立。
4、基站发送RRC信令给终端，其中，该RRC信令用于配置终端的测量信号、测量方式和上报方式。
5、终端在接收到该RRC信令后完成测量信号、测量方式和上报方式的配置，启动信道测量，获得测量结果。
6、终端将测量结果上报给基站。
7、基站基于测量结果，设置合适的MCS，发送业务数据。
由上述MCS选择方式可以看出，基站在发送数据之前，需要与终端进行信令交互，才能完成MCS的选择。但是，在卫星通信这种长距离通信链路中，信道的传输时延较长，空口资源有限，频繁的终端和网络侧交互会导致数据传输时延过长，并且，会占用较多的空口资源。上述MCS选择方式并不适用于类似于北斗通信系统等卫星通信系统中。
因此，本申请实施例提供一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现终端100入站的第一用户帧(包括数据请求帧或ACK帧)中携带MCS信息，发送给北斗网络设备200，指示北斗网络设备200按照终端100指示的MCS信息编码调制发送给终端100的业务数据。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端100反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备200，提升信道利用率。
图6示出了终端100的结构示意图。
下面以终端100为例对实施例进行具体说明。应该理解的是，图6所示终端100仅是一个范例，并且终端100可以具有比图6中所示的更多的或者更少的部件，可以组合两个或多个的部件，或者可以具有不同的部件配置。图6中所示出的各种部件可以在包括一个或多个信号处理和/或专用集成电路在内的硬件、软件、或硬件和软件的组合中实现。
终端100可以包括：处理器110，外部存储器接口120，内部存储器121，通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口130，充电管理模块140，电源管理模块141，电池142，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，传感器模块180，按键190，马达191，指示器192，摄像头193，显示屏194，以及用户标识模块(subscriber identification module，SIM)卡接口195等。其中传感器模块180可以包括压力传感器180A，陀螺仪传感器180B，气压传感器180C，磁传感器180D，加速度传感器180E，距离传感器180F，接近光传感器180G，指纹传感器180H，温度传感器180J，触摸传感器180K，环境光传感器180L，骨传导传感器180M等。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的结构并不构成对终端100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，终端100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器110可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器110可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，存储器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。
其中，控制器可以是终端100的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器110中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器110中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器110刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器110需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器110的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
I2C接口是一种双向同步串行总线，包括一根串行数据线(serial data line，SDA)和一根串行时钟线(derail clock line，SCL)。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2C总线。处理器110可以通过不同的I2C总线接口分别耦合触摸传感器180K，充电器，闪光灯，摄像头193等。例如：处理器110可以通过I2C接口耦合触摸传感器180K，使处理器110与触摸传感器180K通过I2C总线接口通信，实现终端100的触摸功能。
I2S接口可以用于音频通信。在一些实施例中，处理器110可以包含多组I2S总线。处理器110可以通过I2S总线与音频模块170耦合，实现处理器110与音频模块170之间的通信。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以通过I2S接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。
PCM接口也可以用于音频通信，将模拟信号抽样，量化和编码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170与无线通信模块160可以通过PCM总线接口耦合。在一些实施例中，音频模块170也可以通过PCM接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机接听电话的功能。 所述I2S接口和所述PCM接口都可以用于音频通信。
UART接口是一种通用串行数据总线，用于异步通信。该总线可以为双向通信总线。它将要传输的数据在串行通信与并行通信之间转换。在一些实施例中，UART接口通常被用于连接处理器110与无线通信模块160。例如：处理器110通过UART接口与无线通信模块160中的蓝牙模块通信，实现蓝牙功能。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以通过UART接口向无线通信模块160传递音频信号，实现通过蓝牙耳机播放音乐的功能。
MIPI接口可以被用于连接处理器110与显示屏194，摄像头193等外围器件。MIPI接口包括摄像头串行接口(camera serial interface，CSI)，显示屏串行接口(display serial interface，DSI)等。在一些实施例中，处理器110和摄像头193通过CSI接口通信，实现终端100的拍摄功能。处理器110和显示屏194通过DSI接口通信，实现终端100的显示功能。
GPIO接口可以通过软件配置。GPIO接口可以被配置为控制信号，也可被配置为数据信号。在一些实施例中，GPIO接口可以用于连接处理器110与摄像头193，显示屏194，无线通信模块160，音频模块170，传感器模块180等。GPIO接口还可以被配置为I2C接口，I2S接口，UART接口，MIPI接口等。
USB接口130是符合USB标准规范的接口，具体可以是Mini USB接口，Micro USB接口，USB Type C接口等。USB接口130可以用于连接充电器为终端100充电，也可以用于终端100与外围设备之间传输数据。也可以用于连接耳机，通过耳机播放音频。该接口还可以用于连接其他电子设备，例如AR设备等。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的各模块间的接口连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对终端100的结构限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，终端100也可以采用上述实施例中不同的接口连接方式，或多种接口连接方式的组合。
充电管理模块140用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过USB接口130接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块140可以通过终端100的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块140为电池142充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块141为电子设备供电。
电源管理模块141用于连接电池142，充电管理模块140与处理器110。电源管理模块141接收电池142和/或充电管理模块140的输入，为处理器110，内部存储器121，外部存储器，显示屏194，摄像头193，和无线通信模块160等供电。电源管理模块141还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块141也可以设置于处理器110中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块141和充电管理模块140也可以设置于同一个器件中。
终端100的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块150，无线通信模块160，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。终端100中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块150可以提供应用在终端100上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块150可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块150可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块150还可以对经调制解调 处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器110中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块150的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器110的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器170A，受话器170B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏194显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器110，与移动通信模块150或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块160可以提供应用在终端100上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，卫星通信模块，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块160可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块160经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器110。无线通信模块160还可以从处理器110接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
其中，卫星通信模块可用于与卫星网络设备进行通信，例如在北斗通信系统中，卫星通信模块可以与北斗网络设备200通信，卫星通信模块的可支持与北斗网络设备200之间的短报文传输。
在一些实施例中，终端100的天线1和移动通信模块150耦合，天线2和无线通信模块160耦合，使得终端100可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。所述无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。所述GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
终端100通过GPU，显示屏194，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏194和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器110可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏194用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏194包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode的，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，终端100可以包括1个或N个显示屏194，N为大于1的正整数。
终端100可以通过ISP，摄像头193，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏194以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头193反馈的数据。例如，拍照时，打开快门，光线通过镜头被传递到摄像头感光元件上，光信号转换为电信号，摄像头感光元件将所述电信号传递给ISP处理，转化为肉眼可见的图像。ISP还可以对图像的噪点，亮度进行算法优化。ISP还可以对拍摄场景的曝光，色温等参数优化。在一些实施例中，ISP可以设置在摄像头193中。
摄像头193用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件可以是电荷耦合器件(charge coupled device，CCD)或互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor，CMOS)光电晶体管。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，终端100可以包括1个或N个摄像头193，N为大于1的正整数。
数字信号处理器用于处理数字信号，除了可以处理数字图像信号，还可以处理其他数字信号。例如，当终端100在频点选择时，数字信号处理器用于对频点能量进行傅里叶变换等。
视频编解码器用于对数字视频压缩或解压缩。终端100可以支持一种或多种视频编解码器。这样，终端100可以播放或录制多种编码格式的视频，例如：动态图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)1，MPEG2，MPEG3，MPEG4等。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现终端100的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
外部存储器接口120可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展终端100的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口120与处理器110通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
内部存储器121可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，所述可执行程序代码包括指令。处理器110通过运行存储在内部存储器121的指令，从而执行终端100的各种功能应用以及数据处理。内部存储器121可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储终端100使用过程中所创建的数据(比如音频数据，电话本等)等。此外，内部存储器121可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。
终端100可以通过音频模块170，扬声器170A，受话器170B，麦克风170C，耳机接口170D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
音频模块170用于将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号。音频模块170还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。在一些实施例中，音频模块170可以设置于处理器110中，或将音频模块170的部分功能模块设置于处理器110中。
扬声器170A，也称“喇叭”，用于将音频电信号转换为声音信号。终端100可以通过扬声器170A收听音乐，或收听免提通话。
受话器170B，也称“听筒”，用于将音频电信号转换成声音信号。当终端100接听电话或语音信息时，可以通过将受话器170B靠近人耳接听语音。
麦克风170C，也称“话筒”，“传声器”，用于将声音信号转换为电信号。当拨打电话或发 送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风170C发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风170C。终端100可以设置至少一个麦克风170C。在另一些实施例中，终端100可以设置两个麦克风170C，除了采集声音信号，还可以实现降噪功能。在另一些实施例中，终端100还可以设置三个，四个或更多麦克风170C，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。
耳机接口170D用于连接有线耳机。耳机接口170D可以是USB接口130，也可以是3.5mm的开放移动电子设备平台(open mobile terminal platform，OMTP)标准接口，美国蜂窝电信工业协会(cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA，CTIA)标准接口。
压力传感器180A用于感受压力信号，可以将压力信号转换成电信号。在一些实施例中，压力传感器180A可以设置于显示屏194。压力传感器180A的种类很多，如电阻式压力传感器，电感式压力传感器，电容式压力传感器等。电容式压力传感器可以是包括至少两个具有导电材料的平行板。当有力作用于压力传感器180A，电极之间的电容改变。终端100根据电容的变化确定压力的强度。当有触摸操作作用于显示屏194，终端100根据压力传感器180A检测所述触摸操作强度。终端100也可以根据压力传感器180A的检测信号计算触摸的位置。在一些实施例中，作用于相同触摸位置，但不同触摸操作强度的触摸操作，可以对应不同的操作指令。例如：当有触摸操作强度小于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行查看短消息的指令。当有触摸操作强度大于或等于第一压力阈值的触摸操作作用于短消息应用图标时，执行新建短消息的指令。
陀螺仪传感器180B可以用于确定终端100的运动姿态。在一些实施例中，可以通过陀螺仪传感器180B确定终端100围绕三个轴(即，x，y和z轴)的角速度。陀螺仪传感器180B可以用于拍摄防抖。示例性的，当按下快门，陀螺仪传感器180B检测终端100抖动的角度，根据角度计算出镜头模组需要补偿的距离，让镜头通过反向运动抵消终端100的抖动，实现防抖。陀螺仪传感器180B还可以用于导航，体感游戏场景。
气压传感器180C用于测量气压。在一些实施例中，终端100通过气压传感器180C测得的气压值计算海拔高度，辅助定位和导航。
磁传感器180D包括霍尔传感器。终端100可以利用磁传感器180D检测翻盖皮套的开合。在一些实施例中，当终端100是翻盖机时，终端100可以根据磁传感器180D检测翻盖的开合。进而根据检测到的皮套的开合状态或翻盖的开合状态，设置翻盖自动解锁等特性。
加速度传感器180E可检测终端100在各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小。当终端100静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向。还可以用于识别电子设备姿态，应用于横竖屏切换，计步器等应用。
距离传感器180F，用于测量距离。终端100可以通过红外或激光测量距离。在一些实施例中，拍摄场景，终端100可以利用距离传感器180F测距以实现快速对焦。
接近光传感器180G可以包括例如发光二极管(LED)和光检测器，例如光电二极管。发光二极管可以是红外发光二极管。终端100通过发光二极管向外发射红外光。终端100使用光电二极管检测来自附近物体的红外反射光。当检测到充分的反射光时，可以确定终端100附近有物体。当检测到不充分的反射光时，终端100可以确定终端100附近没有物体。终端100可以利用接近光传感器180G检测用户手持终端100贴近耳朵通话，以便自动熄灭屏幕达到省电的目的。接近光传感器180G也可用于皮套模式，口袋模式自动解锁与锁屏。
环境光传感器180L用于感知环境光亮度。终端100可以根据感知的环境光亮度自适应调节显示屏194亮度。环境光传感器180L也可用于拍照时自动调节白平衡。环境光传感器180L 还可以与接近光传感器180G配合，检测终端100是否在口袋里，以防误触。
指纹传感器180H用于采集指纹。终端100可以利用采集的指纹特性实现指纹解锁，访问应用锁，指纹拍照，指纹接听来电等。
温度传感器180J用于检测温度。在一些实施例中，终端100利用温度传感器180J检测的温度，执行温度处理策略。例如，当温度传感器180J上报的温度超过阈值，终端100执行降低位于温度传感器180J附近的处理器的性能，以便降低功耗实施热保护。在另一些实施例中，当温度低于另一阈值时，终端100对电池142加热，以避免低温导致终端100异常关机。在其他一些实施例中，当温度低于又一阈值时，终端100对电池142的输出电压执行升压，以避免低温导致的异常关机。
触摸传感器180K，也称“触控面板”。触摸传感器180K可以设置于显示屏194，由触摸传感器180K与显示屏194组成触摸屏，也称“触控屏”。触摸传感器180K用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏194提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器180K也可以设置于终端100的表面，与显示屏194所处的位置不同。
骨传导传感器180M可以获取振动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器180M可以获取人体声部振动骨块的振动信号。骨传导传感器180M也可以接触人体脉搏，接收血压跳动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器180M也可以设置于耳机中，结合成骨传导耳机。音频模块170可以基于所述骨传导传感器180M获取的声部振动骨块的振动信号，解析出语音信号，实现语音功能。应用处理器可以基于所述骨传导传感器180M获取的血压跳动信号解析心率信息，实现心率检测功能。
按键190包括开机键，音量键等。按键190可以是机械按键。也可以是触摸式按键。终端100可以接收按键输入，产生与终端100的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。
马达191可以产生振动提示。马达191可以用于来电振动提示，也可以用于触摸振动反馈。例如，作用于不同应用(例如拍照，音频播放等)的触摸操作，可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。作用于显示屏194不同区域的触摸操作，马达191也可对应不同的振动反馈效果。不同的应用场景(例如：时间提醒，接收信息，闹钟，游戏等)也可以对应不同的振动反馈效果。触摸振动反馈效果还可以支持自定义。
指示器192可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。
SIM卡接口195用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口195，或从SIM卡接口195拔出，实现和终端100的接触和分离。终端100可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。SIM卡接口195可以支持Nano SIM卡，Micro SIM卡，SIM卡等。同一个SIM卡接口195可以同时插入多张卡。所述多张卡的类型可以相同，也可以不同。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容不同类型的SIM卡。SIM卡接口195也可以兼容外部存储卡。终端100通过SIM卡和网络交互，实现通话以及数据通信等功能。在一些实施例中，终端100采用eSIM，即：嵌入式SIM卡。eSIM卡可以嵌在终端100中，不能和终端100分离。
下面介绍本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统10的出站数据的协议封装架构。
图7示出了本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统10的出站数据的协议封装架构示意图。
如图7所示，北斗网络设备200中的北斗短报文传输协议层可以应用层(application layer  protocol)、消息汇聚层(message data convergence protocol，MDCP)、卫星链路控制层(satellite link control protocol，SLC)和物理层(physical layer protocol，PHY)。其中，北斗网络设备200可以包括北斗地面收发站22、北斗中心站23和北斗短报文融合通信平台24。北斗地面收发站22可用于负责PHY层的协议处理。北斗中心站23可用于负责SLC层和MDCP层的协议处理。北斗短报文融合通信平台24可用于负责APP层的协议处理。
北斗网络设备200发送数据给终端100时，北斗网络设备200中的北斗短报文传输协议的工作流程可以如下：
在APP层，北斗网络设备200可以将原始数据通过压缩算法，压缩成压缩数据，并在压缩数据前面添加压缩指示字段，其中，压缩指示字段可用于表示该压缩数据的压缩算法类型。之后，北斗网络设备200可以将压缩数据加密，得到加密后数据，并在加密后数据的头部添加加密算法字段，该加密算法字段用于表示该加密后的数据的加密算法类型。北斗网络设备200可以将加密后数据、压缩指示字段、加密指示字段封装成应用层报文下发给MDCP层。其中，该应用层报文可以包括报文头和报文数据。该报文头中可以包括压缩指示字段和加密指示字段等等。该报文数据包括上述加密后数据。
可选的，北斗网络设备200也可以将压缩指示字段和压缩数据一起进行加密，得到加密后数据。
在MDCP层，北斗网络设备200可以通过层间接口获取到APP层下发的应用层报文，并将应用层报文作为一个MDCP SDU。在MDCP层，北斗网络设备200可以将一个MDCP SDU拆分成一个或多个固定长度的MDCP分段数据(M_segement)，并在每个MDCP分段数据的头部添加后继指示字段，得到MDCP PDU，即MDCP PDU包括M_segement和后继指示字段。其中，后继指示字段可用于表示当前的MDCP PDU是连续发送的多个MDCP PDU的起始MDCP PDU或中间MDCP PDU或最后一个MDCP PDU；或者是单独发送的一个MDCP PDU。
在SLC层，北斗网络设备200可以通过层间接口获取到MDCP层下发的MDCP PDU，作为SLC SDU。在SLC层，北斗网络设备200可以将SLC SDU分段成一个或多个(例如，最多4个)固定长度的SLC分段数据(S_segement)，并在每个S_segement头部添加帧头信息，得到SLC PDU。
这里，可以理解的是，为了适应物理层的帧长，SLC层需要将数据进行分段。而SLC层的设计一个SLC SDU最多只能分成4个SLC PDU，因此MDCP层也需要将数据进行分段。
在PHY层，北斗网络设备200可以通过层间接口获取到SLC层下发的SLC PDU。北斗网络设备200可以从SLC层获取到一个用户或多个用户的SLC PDU。北斗网络设备200可以将多个用户的SLC PDU拼接在一起，再加上物理帧的帧头(例如版本号)作为PHY层的编码块(code block)，并在code block的尾部添加校验位(例如，循环冗余校验(cyclic redundancy check，CRC)码)，并对code block和CRC码进行编码(例如polar编码)，编码后的物理帧加上保留段可以组成一个固定长度的物理时隙的卫星到消费者数据(satellitetoconsumerdata，S2C-d)信道(简称，数据信道)的编码数据。其中，北斗网络设备200可以将一个用户的多个SLC PDU分别放到不同的物理帧中。然后，北斗网络设备200将S2C-d信道支路的编码数据和卫星到消费者导频(satellitetoconsumerpilot，S2C-p)信道(简称，导频信道)的导频信息组成导频编码数据，即出站数据。北斗网络设备200可以将出站数据发送给北斗短报文卫星21，经由北斗短报文卫星21中继转发给终端100。
可以理解的是，S2C_p信道支路的导频信息与卫星波束相关。当卫星波束号是已知信息 时，S2C-p信道支路的导频信息(即，副码)也是已知的，无需解码的。而S2C_d信道支路的编码数据是需要解码的。其中，S2C-p信道与S2C-d信道的中心频率和带宽相同，S2C-p信道上的信号与S2C-d信道上的信号相互正交。
下面介绍本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统10的出站数据的协议解析架构。
图8示出了本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统10的出站数据的协议解析架构示意图。
如图8所示，终端100的北斗短报文传输协议层可以分为应用层(application layer protocol)、消息汇聚层(message data convergence protocol，MDCP)、卫星链路控制层(satellite link control protocol，SLC)和物理层(physical layer protocol，PHY)。
终端100在接收到北斗网络设备发送的数据时，终端100的北斗短报文传输协议层的工作流程可以如下：
在PHY层，终端100可以获取到北斗网络设备200发送的经过调制和扩频后的导频编码数据。终端100可以对接收到的扩频调制数据(spread+modulated data)进行解扩频，得到调制数据(modulated data)。然后，终端100可以对调制数据进行解调，得到导频编码数据(pilot+data)。接着，终端100可以去除导频编码数据中的导频信息，得到编码数据(code data)。然后，终端100可以对编码数据进行解码，并通过校验位字段中的校验数据验证编码块(code block)的完整性。若完整，则终端100可以提取出编码块(code block)，通过层间接口呈递给SLC层，作为SLC层的SLC PDU。
这里，该导频编码数据即为上述北斗网络设备200发送的出站数据，该出站数据由S2C-d信道的编码数据和S2C-p信道的导频信息组成。
在SLC层，终端100可以基于SLC PDU的帧头信息，将属于同一个SLC SDU的SLC PDU拼接成一个SLC SDU。终端100可以将SLC SDU通过层间接口呈递给MDCP层，作为MDCP层的MDCP PDU。
在MDCP层，终端100可以将属于同一个MDCP SDU的所有MDCP PDU拼接成一个MDCP SDU。终端100可以将MDCP SDU通过层间接口呈递到APP层，作为APP层接收到的应用层报文。
在APP层，终端100可以基于应用层报文的报文头，对应用层报文进行解密、解压缩，得到原始数据。
本申请实施例中，上述协议处理过程仅为示例说明，本申请对协议处理的具体操作不作限定。
下面介绍本申请实施例中提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法。
在一些应用场景下，北斗通信系统10中，无连接状态管理和移动性管理，北斗网络设备200无法主动寻呼用户。因此，在终端100接收北斗网络设备200下发的业务数据之前，终端100需要主动发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备200。终端100可以通过测量S2C-p导频信道确定北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100时使用的MCS。终端100可以在数据请求帧中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示终端100建议北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端100反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备200，提升信道利用率。
图9示出了本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法的流程示意图。
如图9所示，该方法包括：
S901、北斗网络设备200在S2C-p信道发送导频信息。
其中，北斗网络设备200可以在S2C-p信道上持续发送导频信息。该导频信息用于北通信系统中的各终端捕获S2C-d信道上的数据信号。
S902、终端100测量S2C-p信道上的信道质量，并基于S2C-p信道上的信道质量，确定出S2C-d信道上的信道质量。
其中，北斗网络设备200在S2C-p信道上的发送的导频信息是终端100已知的副码。终端100可以在接收到导频信息后，将在导频信息中的副码和已知的副码进行比较，确定出S2C-p信道的信道质量。其中，信道质量可以包括但不限于用SNR来衡量。
由于S2C-p信道与S2C-d信道的中心频率和带宽相同，S2C-p信道上的信号与S2C-d信道上的信号相互正交，并且，北斗网络设备200发送在S2C-p信道发送导频信息的发射功率和在S2C-d信道上发送数据信息的发射功率有差异，但该发射功率上的差异一般为固定值。因此，终端100在测量S2C-p信道上的信道质量后，可以基于S2C-p信道上的信道质量折算出S2C-d信道上的信道质量。
其中，北斗网络设备200可以基于如下公式(1)，确定出出站S2C-d信道的SNR：
SNR d＝SNR p+δ公式(1)
上述公式(1)中，SNR d为S2C-d信道的SNR，SNR p为S2C-p信道的SNR，δ为S2C-d信道与S2C-p信道的信道质量差值。
S903、终端100基于S2C-d信道上的信道质量，确定出第一调制编码方式(MCS)。
终端100可以基于S2C-d信道的SNR，从SNR与MCS的映射表中，确定出第一MCS。其中，该SNR与MCS的映射表可以是在北斗通信系统中通过物理层的仿真得到的。其中，SNR越高，对应的MCS的阶数越大。
示例性的，该SNR与MCS的映射表可以如下表1所示：
表1
Figure PCTCN2022113823-appb-000001
由上表1可知，当-5dB＜SNR≤0dB时，对应0阶MCS，即BPSK和1/2码率。当0dB＜SNR≤5dB时，对应1阶MCS，即BPSK和3/4码率。当5dB＜SNR≤11dB时，对应2阶MCS，即QPSK和1/2码率。当11dB＜SNR≤12dB时，对应3阶MCS，即QPSK和3/4码率。当12dB＜SNR≤17.5dB，对应4阶MCS，即16QAM和1/2码率。当17.5dB＜SNR≤22.5dB时，对应5阶MCS，即16QAM和3/4码率。当22.5dB＜SNR时，对应6阶MCS，即64QAM和3/4码率。上述表1仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定，SNR与MCS的映射表中，可以包括更少或更多的SNR与MCS的映射关系。
例如，当终端100测量S2C-d信道上的SNR为10dB时，终端100可以基于上述表1中示出的SNR与MCS的映射表，确定出第一MCS为QPSK和1/2码率。
S904、终端100发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备200。其中，该数据请求帧的帧头信息中包括MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段用于指示第一MCS。该数据请求帧用于请求北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100。
具体的，在北斗网络设备200中，数据请求帧可以包括信箱概况查询帧和信件下载帧。其中，数据请求帧的帧格式可以参考图10A。
如图10A所示，入站物理帧可以包括同步头、数据段和校验位。其中，入站物理帧的同步头可用于区分入站物理帧的帧类型，同步头的时间长度可以为40ms。入站物理帧的帧类型可以包括位置上报帧、紧急救援帧、报文通信帧。当入站物理帧为报文通信帧时，该同步头的值所指示的帧类型为报文通信帧。该校验位可以用于校验数据段中数据的完整性。其中，在北斗通信系统中，可以采用循环冗余校验(CRC)对数据段进行校验，该校验位中可以包括CRC校验码。
该数据段可以包括用户帧，该用户帧可以包括帧头信息和用户信息。其中，帧头信息可以包括版本号字段、子类型指示字段、用户ID字段、MCS指示字段、保留(reserve，RSV)字段。该版本号字段可用于指示用户帧的协议格式版本。该子类型指示字段可用于指示用户帧的子类型，其中，用户帧的子类型可以包括通用数据帧、ACK帧和回执帧等等。用户ID字段可用于指示终端100的设备标识。MCS指示字段可用于指示终端100建议北斗网络设备200采用的第一MCS。
示例性的，当北斗网络设备200使用的MCS共有3种时，MCS指示字段的数据长度可以是2bit。MCS指示字段的值及其含义可以如下表2所示：
表2
MCS指示字段的值 MCS
00 NA
01 MCS0
10 MCS1
11 MCS2
由上表2可以看出，若北斗网络设备200使用的MCS共有3种时，MCS指示字段的值“00”为无效(NA)值，用于指示北斗网络设备200自行选择MCS(例如，默认选择阶数最小的MCS)。MCS指示字段的值“01”对应MCS0(0阶MCS)。MCS指示字段的值“10”对应MCS1(1阶MCS)。MCS指示字段的值“11”对应MCS2(2阶MCS)。例如，MCS0可以为BPSK和3/4码率，MCS1可以为QPSK和1/2码率，MCS2可以为QPSK和3/4码率。上述表2所示示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
具体实现中，北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类可以不限于3种，可以有更少或者更多，MCS指示字段的数据长度也可以基于北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类数量变化。例如，北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类数量有5种时，MCS指示字段的数据长度可以为3bit。
用户信息中可以包括应用层报文。该应用层报文中可以包括报文头和报文数据。其中，该报文头可以包括业务类型字段、加密指示字段、压缩指示字段。业务类型字段可用于指示 应用层报文的业务类型。应用层报文的业务类型可以包括信箱概况查询业务、信件下载业务、通信报文业务。
当该应用层报文的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务时，报文数据中可以携带终端100的查询信息，其中，查询信息包括终端100查询的时间、终端100查询指定用户发送给终端100的消息的数量，等等。
当该应用层报文的业务类型为信件下载业务时，该报文数据中可以携带终端100请求北斗网络设备200发送的信件消息的标识。
S905、北斗网络设备200响应于数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文。
具体的，北斗网络设备200在接收到数据请求帧之后，可以从数据请求帧中解析出应用层报文，并从应用层业务报文的业务类型指示字段区分该数据请求帧的业务类型。
若该数据请求帧的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务时，终端100基于查询信息生成第一应用层报文。
若该数据请求帧的业务类型为信件下载业务时，终端100解析出数据请求帧的报文数据中携带的终端100请求的北斗网络设备200发送的消息标识。北斗网络设备200可以基于终端100请求的北斗网络设备200发送的消息标识，从终端100的信箱中确定出第一消息，并基于第一消息生成第一应用层报文。
S906、北斗网络设备200将第一应用层报文拆分成一个或多个用户帧，一个或多个用户帧包括第二用户帧。
该第二用户帧可以为第一应用层报文的一个或多个用户帧中的任意一个用户帧。
具体的，针对北斗网络设备200将第一应用层报文拆分成多个用户帧的过程，可以参考前述图7所示实施例中针对应用层报文的协议封装过程，在此不再赘述。
S907、北斗网络设备200在接收到数据请求帧后，可以基于数据请求帧中MCS指示字段指示的第一MCS，确定出出站MCS。
S908、北斗网络设备200将第二用户帧放到第一物理帧中，并基于出站MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该出站MCS与第一MCS相同。北斗网络设备200直接使用终端100在MCS指示字段中指示的第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
在一种可能的实现方式中，北斗网络设备200可以基于出站实际发送业务量，以及第一MCS，确定出出站MCS。例如，终端400通过入站用户帧中的MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以第五MCS发送业务数据给终端400。北斗网络设备200可以将终端400的第五用户帧和终端100的第二用户帧调度到第一物理帧中。若第五MCS的阶数小于第一MCS的阶数，则北斗网络设备200可以使用第五MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。若第五MCS大于等于第一MCS的阶数，则北斗网络设备200可以使用第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
示例性的，终端100可以通过MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送业务数据给终端100。终端400可以通过信件消息请求中MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS2(QPSK和3/4码率)发送业务数据给终端400。当北斗网络设备200将终端100的用户帧A和终端400的用户帧B都调度到一个出站物理帧中时，北斗网络设备200可以采用MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送该调度有用户帧1和用户 帧2的物理帧。
又示例性的，终端100可以通过MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送业务数据给终端100。终端400可以通过信件消息请求中MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS2(QPSK和3/4码率)发送业务数据给终端400。当北斗网络设备200将终端100的用户帧1和终端400的用户帧2都调度到一个出站物理帧中时，北斗网络设备200可以采用MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送该调度有用户帧1和用户帧2的物理帧。
这样，当用户帧被调度到同一个出站物理帧中的多个终端指示的MCS不一致时，北斗网络设备200可以采用多个终端指示的MCS中阶数最小的MCS，发送该出站物理帧，以保证这多个终端都能从该出站物理帧中解析出各自的用户帧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，终端400通过MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以第五MCS发送业务数据给终端400。北斗网络设备200可以将终端400的第五用户帧和终端100的第二用户帧调度到第一物理帧中。若第五MCS的阶数小于第一MCS的阶数，则北斗网络设备200可以使用第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。若第五MCS大于等于第一MCS的阶数，则北斗网络设备200可以使用第五MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。这样，当多个终端的用户帧调度到同一个出站物理帧中，且多个终端指示的MCS不一致时，北斗网络设备200可以采用多个终端指示的MCS中阶数最大的MCS，发送该出站物理帧，以提高传输容量。
在一些实施例中，北斗网络设备200在调度发送多个终端的用户帧时，可以将同一类出站信道质量的终端的用户帧调度到同一个物理帧中。
示例性的，如图10B所示，北斗网络设备200需要调度发送的用户帧包括用户帧1、用户帧2、用户帧3、用户帧4、用户帧5和用户帧6。其中，用户帧1、用户帧2、用户帧3和用户帧4需要采用调制编码方式1(MCS-1)编码调制。用户帧5和用户帧6需要采用调制编码方式2(MCS-2)编码调制。由于出站物理帧的时间长度有限，出站物理帧中容纳的数据有限，出站物理帧中容纳的用户帧数量也有限。北斗网络设备200的调度器(scheduler)可以将用户帧1和用户帧2调度到物理帧1中，使用MCS-1对物理帧1进行编码调制。北斗网络设备200的调度器可以将用户帧5和用户帧6调度到物理帧2中，使用MCS-2对物理帧1进行编码调制。北斗网络设备200的调度器可以将用户帧3和用户帧4调度到物理帧3中，使用MCS-1对物理帧3进行编码调制。上述示例，仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
在一种可能的实现方式中，北斗网络设备200可以优先调度MCS码率高的用户帧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，北斗网络设备200可以将MCS中调制方式相同但码率不同的多个终端的用户帧放入一个物理帧中，并采用多个终端指示的MCS中的低码率传输该物理帧。
在本申请实施例中上述步骤S907的执行顺序在步骤S904之后，在步骤S908之前。不限于在步骤S905-S906之后，也可以在步骤S905之前或步骤S905与步骤S906之间。
S909、北斗网络设备200发送第一出站数据。其中，该第一出站数据包括S2C-p信道的导频信息和S2C-d信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧。
S910、终端100在接收到北斗网络设备200发送的第一出站数据后，从第一出站数据中 解析出终端100的第二用户帧。
其中，终端100可以通过上述确定出的第一MCS，对接收到的第一出站数据进行解调和解码。若解码成功，则终端100可以从第一物理帧中解析出终端100的第二用户帧。
若终端100解码失败，则终端100可以遍历其他MCS对第一出站数据进行解码，直至解码成功。
具体的，终端100可以对第一出站数据进行解码的过程可以如下：
终端100通过选定的MCS从第二出站数据进行解调和解码。若终端100基于解码出的物理帧中数据段计算的校验值，与解码出的物理帧中校验位字段的值相同，则终端100确定解码成功。若终端100对解码出的物理帧中数据段计算的校验值，与解码出的物理帧中校验位字段的值不同，则终端100确定解码失败。
通过本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现终端100通过测量出站数据中S2C-p信道的信道质量，确定第一MCS，通过数据请求帧中携带MCS指示字段，以指示北斗网络设备200以MCS指示字段中指示的第一MCS对待发送给终端100的业务数据进行编码调制。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端100反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备200，提升信道利用率。
在一些应用场景下，北斗网络设备200可以采用确认模式向终端100发送用户帧，终端100在接收到北斗网络设备200发送给终端100的用户帧后，可以返回ACK给北斗网络设备200，该ACK用于指示用户帧的接收情况。因此，终端100可以在解析出北斗网络设备200下发的用户帧时，通过测量出S2C-d信道上的信道质量确定北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100时使用的MCS。终端100可以在返回ACK给北斗网络设备200时，在ACK中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示终端100指示北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端100反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备200，提升信道利用率。
图11示出了本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法的流程示意图。
如图11所示，该方法包括：
S1101、北斗网络设备200将终端100的第三用户帧放到第二物理帧中，并基于第三MCS对第二物理帧进行编码调制。
其中，在第三用户帧为应用层报文中首帧SLC PDU时，第三MCS可以是北斗网络设备200上支持的MCS中阶数最低的MCS。
S1102、北斗网络设备200发送第二出站数据，其中第二出站数据中包括S2C-p信道的导频信息和S2C-d信道上经过编码调制的第二物理帧。
S1103、终端100从第二出站数据中解析出终端100的第三用户帧。
其中，终端100上可以预置有第三MCS，终端100可以通过上述第三MCS，对接收到的第一出站数据进行解调和解码。若解码成功，则终端100可以从第二物理帧中解析出终端100的第三用户帧。
若终端100基于第三MCS对第二出站数据解码失败，则终端100可以遍历其他MCS对第二出站数据进行解调和解码，直至解码成功。
S1104、终端100基于S2C-d信道上的信道质量确定第一MCS。
其中，终端100在从第一出站数据解码出终端100的第一用户帧后，即可完成S2C-d信 道上的信道质量评估，其中，信道质量可以包括但不限于用SNR来衡量。
终端100可以基于S2C-d信道的SNR，从SNR与MCS的映射表中，确定出第一MCS。其中，该SNR与MCS的映射表可以是在北斗通信系统中通过物理层的仿真得到的。示例性的，该SNR与MCS的映射表可以参考上述图9所示实施例中的表1，在此不再赘述。
S1105、终端100发送ACK给北斗网络设备200。其中，该ACK用于指示终端100对第三用户帧的接收情况。该ACK中携带MCS指示字段，MCS指示字段用于指示第一MCS。
其中，ACK的帧格式可以参考图12A或图12B所示的入站ACK帧的帧格式：
1、如图12A所示，入站物理帧的帧格式可以包括同步头、数据段和校验位。其中，入站物理帧的同步头可用于区分入站物理帧的帧类型，同步头的时间长度可以为40ms。入站物理帧的帧类型可以包括位置上报帧、紧急救援帧、报文通信帧。当入站物理帧为报文通信帧时，该同步头的值所指示的帧类型为报文通信帧。该校验位可以用于校验数据段中数据的完整性。其中，在北斗通信系统中，可以采用循环冗余校验(CRC)对数据段进行校验，该校验位中可以包括CRC校验码。
该数据段可以包括用户帧，该用户帧可以包括帧头信息和用户信息。其中，帧头信息可以包括版本号字段、子类型指示字段、用户ID字段、MCS指示字段、保留(reserve，RSV)字段。该版本号字段可用于指示用户帧的协议格式版本。该子类型指示字段可用于指示用户帧的子类型，其中，用户帧的子类型可以包括通用数据帧、ACK帧和回执帧等等，其中，该入站ACK帧的子类型指示字段的值指示的子类型为ACK帧。用户ID字段可用于指示终端100的设备标识。MCS指示字段可用于指示终端100建议北斗网络设备200采用的第四MCS。
入站ACK帧的用户信息中可以包括ACK域和填充数据。ACK域可以为1bit，填充数据可用于将入站ACK帧填充至指定数据长度，以满足入站物理帧为固定数据长度的需求。其中，该ACK域可以用于指示终端100是否接收到北斗网络设备200已发送给终端100的SLC层的SLC PDU。例如，ACK域的值为“0”时，表示终端100未接收到北斗网络设备200发送给终端100的SLC PDU。ACK域的值为“1”时，表示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送给终端100的SLC PDU。
示例性的，当北斗网络设备200使用的MCS共有3种时，MCS指示字段的数据长度可以是2bit。MCS指示字段的值及其含义可以如下表3所示：
表3
MCS指示字段的值 MCS
00 NA
01 MCS0
10 MCS1
11 MCS2
由上表3可以看出，若北斗网络设备200使用的MCS共有3种时，MCS指示字段的值“00”为无效(NA)值。MCS指示字段的值“01”对应MCS0(0阶MCS)。MCS指示字段的值“10”对应MCS1(1阶MCS)。MCS指示字段的值“11”对应MCS2(2阶MCS)。例如，MCS0可以为BPSK和3/4码率，MCS1可以为QPSK和1/2码率，MCS2可以为QPSK和3/4码率。上述表3所示示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
具体实现中，北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类可以不限于3种，可以有更少或者更多，MCS指示字段的数据长度也可以基于北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类数量变化。例如， 北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类数量有5种时，MCS指示字段的数据长度可以为3bit。
又示例性的，MCS指示字段的数据长度可以固定为2bit。MCS指示字段的值及其含义可以如下表4所示：
表4
MCS指示字段的值 MCS
00 NA
01 不变
10 增加MCS阶数
11 降低MCS阶数
由上表4可以看出，若北斗网络设备200使用的MCS共有3种时，MCS指示字段的值“00”为无效(NA)值。MCS指示字段的值“01”用于指示北斗网络设备200继续沿用编码调制上述物理帧A时使用的第三MCS对终端100后续用户帧进行编码调制，即第一MCS与第三MCS相同。MCS指示字段的值“10”用于指示北斗网络设备200在编码调制物理帧A时使用的第三MCS基础上增加阶数(例如，增加1个阶数)后得到的第一MCS，对终端100后续用户帧进行编码调制。MCS指示字段的值“11”用于指示北斗网络设备200在编码调制物理帧A时使用的第三MCS基础上减少阶数(例如，减少1个阶数)得到的第一MCS，对终端100后续用户帧进行编码调制。上述表4所示示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
在一些实施例中，在上述MCS指示字段的数据长度可以固定为2bit的情况下，若北斗网络设备200所支持的MCS阶数种类小于等于3时，终端100可以优先使用上述表3所示的反馈模式，通过ACK帧中的MCS指示字段反馈MCS信息给北斗网络设备200。若北斗网络设备200所支持的MCS结束种类大于3时，终端100可以优先使用上述表4所示的反馈模式，通过ACK帧中的MCS指示字段反馈MCS信息给北斗网络设备200。
2、如图12B所示，入站物理帧的帧格式可以包括同步头、数据段和校验位。其中，入站物理帧的同步头可用于区分入站物理帧的帧类型，同步头的时间长度可以为40ms。入站物理帧的帧类型可以包括位置上报帧、紧急救援帧、报文通信帧。当入站物理帧为报文通信帧时，该同步头的值所指示的帧类型为报文通信帧。该校验位可以用于校验数据段中数据的完整性。其中，在北斗通信系统中，可以采用循环冗余校验(CRC)对数据段进行校验，该校验位中可以包括CRC校验码。
该数据段可以包括用户帧，该用户帧可以包括帧头信息和用户信息。其中，帧头信息可以包括版本号字段、子类型指示字段、用户ID字段、保留(reserve，RSV)字段。该版本号字段可用于指示用户帧的协议格式版本。该子类型指示字段可用于指示用户帧的子类型，其中，用户帧的子类型可以包括通用数据帧、ACK帧和回执帧等等，其中，该入站ACK帧的子类型指示字段的值指示的子类型为ACK帧。用户ID字段可用于指示终端100的设备标识。
入站ACK帧的用户信息中可以包括ACK域和填充数据。其中，ACK域中可以包括MCS指示字段，该ACK域可以为2bit。填充数据可用于将入站ACK帧填充至指定数据长度，以满足入站物理帧为固定数据长度的需求。其中，由于ACK域中包括MCS指示字段，该ACK域可以用于指示终端100是否接收到北斗网络设备200已发送给终端100的SLC层的SLC PDU。若该ACK域指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200已发送给终端100的SLC层的 SLC PDU时，该ACK域还可以指示终端100建议北斗网络设备200采用的第一MCS。
示例性的，当北斗网络设备200使用MCS共有3种时，ACK域的数据长度可以是2bit。ACK域的值及其含义可以如下表5所示：
表5
ACK域的值 MCS
00 NACK
01 MCS0
10 MCS1
11 MCS2
由上表5可以看出，北斗网络设备200使用的MCS可以共有3种。
1、当终端100采用单帧反馈的反馈模式时，终端100在接收到北斗网络设备200发送的一帧SLC PDU后，可以返回ACK给北斗网络设备200。其中，
ACK域的值为“00”时，为“NACK”，用于指示终端100为未接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)。
ACK域的值为“01”，用于指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且指示北斗网络设备200在发送下一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧B)时采用MCS0(0阶MCS)进行编码调制。
ACK域的值为“10”，用于指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且指示北斗网络设备200在发送下一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧B)时采用MCS1(1阶MCS)进行编码调制。
ACK域的值为“11”，用于指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且指示北斗网络设备200在发送下一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧B)时采用MCS2(2阶MCS)进行编码调制。例如，MCS0可以为BPSK和3/4码率，MCS1可以为QPSK和1/2码率，MCS2可以为QPSK和3/4码率。上述表5所示示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
2、当终端100采用多帧反馈的反馈模式时，终端100在接收到北斗网络设备200发送的一组(N个，例如，N可以为4)SLC PDU后，可以返回ACK给北斗网络设备200。其中，
ACK域的值为“00”时，为“NACK”，用于指示终端100为未接收齐全北斗网络设备200发送的一组(N个)SLC PDU。
ACK域的值为“01”，用于指示终端100已接收齐全北斗网络设备200发送的上一组SLC PDU，且指示北斗网络设备200在发送下一组SLC PDU时采用MCS0(0阶MCS)进行编码调制。
ACK域的值为“10”，用于指示终端100已接收齐全北斗网络设备200发送的上一组SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且指示北斗网络设备200在发送下一组SLC PDU时采用MCS1(1阶MCS)进行编码调制。
ACK域的值为“11”，用于指示终端100已接收齐全北斗网络设备200发送的上一组SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且指示北斗网络设备200在发送下一组SLC PDU时采用MCS2(2阶MCS)进行编码调制。例如，MCS0可以为BPSK和3/4码率，MCS1可以为QPSK和1/2码率，MCS2可以为QPSK和3/4码率。上述表5所示示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
具体实现中，北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类可以不限于3种，可以有更少或者更多，ACK域的数据长度也可以基于北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类数量变化。例如，北斗网络设备200使用的MCS种类数量有5种时，MCS指示字段的数据长度可以为3bit。
又示例性的，ACK域的数据长度可以固定为2bit。ACK域的值及其含义可以如下表6所示：
表6
ACK域的值 MCS
00 NACK
01 不变
10 增加MCS阶数
11 降低MCS阶数
由上表6可以看出，若北斗网络设备200使用的MCS共有3种时：
ACK域的值为“00”，为“NACK”，用于指示终端100为未接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)。
ACK域的值为“01”，用于指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且北斗网络设备200继续沿用编码调制上述物理帧A时使用的第三MCS对终端100的后续SLC PDU(即，用户帧B)进行编码调制，即第一MCS与第三MCS相同。
ACK域的值为“10”，用于指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且北斗网络设备200在编码调制物理帧A时使用的第三MCS基础上增加阶数(例如，增加1个阶数)后得到的第一MCS，对终端100的后续SLC PDU(即，用户帧B)进行编码调制。
ACK域的值为“11”，用于指示终端100已接收到北斗网络设备200发送的上一帧SLC PDU(即，用户帧A)，且北斗网络设备200在编码调制物理帧A时使用的第三MCS基础上减少阶数(例如，减少1个阶数)后得到的第一MCS，对终端100的后续SLC PDU(即，用户帧B)进行编码调制。
上述表6所示示例仅仅用于解释本申请，不应构成限定。
在一些实施例中，在上述ACK域的数据长度可以固定为2bit的情况下，若北斗网络设备200所支持的MCS阶数种类小于等于3时，终端100可以优先使用上述表5所示的反馈模式，通过ACK帧中的ACK域反馈MCS信息给北斗网络设备200。若北斗网络设备200所支持的MCS结束种类大于3时，终端100可以优先使用上述表6所示的反馈模式，通过ACK帧中ACK域反馈MCS信息给北斗网络设备200。
S1106、北斗网络设备200在接收到第一ACK后，基于第一ACK的MCS指示字段中指示的第一MCS，确定出出站MCS。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该出站MCS与第一MCS相同，北斗网络设备200可以直接使用终端100在MCS指示字段中指示的第一MCS对物理帧进行编码调制。
在一种可能的实现方式中，北斗网络设备200可以基于出站实际发送业务量，以及第一MCS，确定出出站MCS。例如，终端400通过MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以第五MCS发送业务数据给终端400。北斗网络设备200可以将终端400的第五用户帧和终端100 的第二用户帧调度到第一物理帧中。若第五MCS的阶数小于第一MCS的阶数，则北斗网络设备200可以使用第五MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。若第五MCS大于等于第一MCS的阶数，则北斗网络设备200可以使用第一MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
示例性的，终端100可以通过MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送业务数据给终端100。终端400可以通过信件消息下载请求帧中MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS2(QPSK和3/4码率)发送业务数据给终端400。当北斗网络设备200将终端100的用户帧B和终端400的用户帧3都调度到一个出站物理帧中时，北斗网络设备200可以采用MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送该调度有用户帧B和用户帧3的物理帧B。
又示例性的，终端100可以通过MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送业务数据给终端100。终端400可以通过信件消息下载请求帧中MCS指示字段指示北斗网络设备200以MCS2(QPSK和3/4码率)发送业务数据给终端400。当北斗网络设备200将终端100的用户帧B和终端400的用户帧3都调度到一个出站物理帧中时，北斗网络设备200可以采用MCS1(例如，QPSK和1/2码率)发送该调度有用户帧B和用户帧3的物理帧B。
这样，当用户帧被调度到同一个出站物理帧中的多个终端指示的MCS不一致时，北斗网络设备200可以采用多个终端指示的MCS中阶数最小的MCS，发送该出站物理帧，以保证这多个终端都能从该出站物理帧中解析出各自的用户帧。
在本申请实施例中，终端100可以被称为第一终端，终端400可以被称为第二终端。
S1107、北斗网络设备200将待发送给终端100的第二用户帧放到第一物理帧中，并基于出站MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
S1108、北斗网络设备200发送第一出站数据。其中，第一出站数据中包括S2C-p信道的导频信息和S2C-d信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧。
S1109、终端100从第一出站数据中解析出终端100的第二用户帧。
其中，终端100可以通过上述确定出的第一MCS，对接收到的第一出站数据进行解调和解码。若解码成功，则终端100可以从第一物理帧中解析出终端100的第二用户帧。
若终端100解码失败，则终端100可以遍历其他MCS对第一出站数据进行解码，直至解码成功。
具体的，终端100可以对第一出站数据进行解码的过程可以如下：
终端100通过选定的MCS对第一出站数据进行解调和解码。若终端100基于解码出的物理帧中数据段计算的校验值，与解码出的物理帧中校验位字段的值相同，则终端100确定解码成功，终端100解码成功使用的MCS即为北斗网络设备200使用的出站MCS。若终端100对解码出的物理帧中数据段计算的校验值，与解码出的物理帧中校验位字段的值不同，则终端100确定解码失败。
通过本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现终端100可以在解析出北斗网络设备200下发的第三用户帧时，通过测量出S2C-d信道上的信道质量确定北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100时使用的MCS。终端100可以在返回ACK给北斗网络设备200时，在ACK中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段可用于指示终端100 指示北斗网络设备200发送业务数据给终端100时使用的MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成终端100反馈出站MCS给北斗网络设备200，提升信道利用率。
在一些实施例中，上述图9所示实施例可以与图13所示实施例结合实施。
在终端100请求北斗网络设备200发送数据之前，终端100可以通过测量S2C-p信道的信道质量，确定出第一MCS，并通过数据请求帧的第一MCS指示字段携带第一MCS发送给北斗网络设备200，指示北斗网络设备200在向终端100发送业务数据中首个出站的用户帧时，参考使用第一MCS进行编码调制。在终端100接收到业务数据中首个或中间出站的用户帧后，可以测量S2C-d信道上的信道质量，并基于S2C-d信道上的信道质量确定出第四MCS，并通过ACK帧的第二MCS指示字段携带第四MCS发送给北斗网络设备200，指示北斗网络设备200在向终端100发送请求的业务数据下一个用户帧时，参考使用第四MCS进行编码调制。
具体过程如下：
1、终端100可以在发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备200之前，测量北斗网络设备200在S2C-p信道的信道质量，并基于S2C-p信道上的信道质量，确定第一MCS。
2、终端100可以发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备200，其中，数据请求帧的帧头信息中携带MCS指示字段，该MCS指示字段用于指示第一MCS。
3、北斗网络设备200北斗网络设备200在接收到数据请求帧后，可以生成第一应用层报文，并将第一应用层报文拆分成多个用户帧，多个用户帧包括第二用户帧和第四用户帧，其中，第二用户帧为多个用户帧中首个用户帧，第四用户帧为多个用户帧中非首个用户帧。
4、北斗网络设备200将第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并通过基于第一MCS确定出的出站MCS，对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
5、北斗网络设备200发送第一出站数据，出站数据包括S2C-p信道的导频信息，和S2C-d信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧。
6、终端100在接收到第一出站数据后，可以基于第一出站数据中解析终端100的第二用户帧。
7、终端100接收到用户帧A(首个用户帧或非首个用户帧)后，通过测量S2C-d信道的信道质量，确定出第四MCS，并发送第一ACK给北斗网络设备200，其中，第一ACK中携带第二MCS指示字段，用于指示第四MCS。
8、北斗网络设备200在接收到第一ACK后，可以基于第四MCS，确定出出站MCS。
9、北斗网络设备200可以将终端100的下一个用户帧(例如，第四用户帧)放入第三物理帧中，并使用基于第四MCS确定出的出站MCS对该第三物理帧进行编码调制。
10、北斗网络设备200发送第三出站数据给终端100，其中，第三出站数据中包括S2C-p信道的导频信息和S2C-d信道上经过编码调制的第三物理帧。
11、终端100优先使用第四MCS从第三出站数据解析出终端100的第四用户帧。
在北斗网络设备200发送终端100请求的业务数据的后续用户帧时，终端100可以循环执行上述步骤7-步骤11。
上述步骤1-步骤11中的具体内容，可以参考前述图9和图11所示实施例中的内容，在此不再赘述。
在一些应用场景下，北斗网络设备200得不到终端100的信道质量反馈。例如，北斗网 络设备200采用非确认模式向终端100发送用户帧，终端100在接收到用户帧后，不向终端100返回ACK，北斗网络设备200无法获取到终端100反馈的信道质量或者MCS。因此，北斗网络设备200可以基于终端100发送的数据请求帧，测量入站信道的信道质量，进而折算出出站S2C-d信道的信道质量。北斗网络设备200可以基于S2C-d信道的信道质量，确定出站MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成北斗网络设备200选择出站MCS，提升信道利用率。
图13示出了本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法的流程示意图。
如图13所示，该方法包括：
S1301、终端100发送数据请求帧给北斗网络设备200。
具体的，在北斗网络设备200中，数据请求帧可以包括信箱概况查询帧和信件下载帧。信箱概况查询帧和信件下载帧的帧格式可以参考图14。
如图14所示，入站物理帧可以包括同步头、数据段和校验位。其中，入站物理帧的同步头可用于区分入站物理帧的帧类型，同步头的时间长度可以为40ms。入站物理帧的帧类型可以包括位置上报帧、紧急救援帧、报文通信帧。当入站物理帧为报文通信帧时，该同步头的值所指示的帧类型为报文通信帧。该校验位可以用于校验数据段中数据的完整性。其中，在北斗通信系统中，可以采用循环冗余校验(CRC)对数据段进行校验，该校验位中可以包括CRC校验码。
该数据段可以包括用户帧，该用户帧可以包括帧头信息和用户信息。其中，帧头信息可以包括版本号字段、子类型指示字段、用户ID字段、保留(reserve，RSV)字段。该版本号字段可用于指示用户帧的协议格式版本。该子类型指示字段可用于指示用户帧的子类型，其中，用户帧的子类型可以包括通用数据帧、ACK帧和回执帧等等。用户ID字段可用于指示终端100的设备标识。
用户信息中可以包括应用层报文。该应用层报文中可以包括报文头和报文数据。其中，该报文头可以包括业务类型字段、加密指示字段、压缩指示字段。业务类型字段可用于指示应用层报文的业务类型。应用层报文的业务类型可以包括信箱概况查询业务、信件下载业务、通信报文业务。
当该应用层报文的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务时，报文数据中可以携带终端100的查询信息，其中，查询信息包括终端100查询的时间、终端100查询指定用户发送给终端100的消息的数量，等等。
当该应用层报文的业务类型为信件下载业务时，该报文数据中可以携带终端100请求北斗网络设备200发送的信件消息的标识。
S1302、北斗网络设备200测量接收到数据请求帧时的入站信道的信道质量。
S1303、北斗网络设备200基于入站信道的信道质量，确定S2C-d信道的信道质量。
由于北斗通信系统中，入站信道的链路和出站S2C-d信道的链路在空间上的传输路径差别不大，但是，因为入站信道的频率和出站S2C-d信道的频率不同，因此，入站信道的信道质量和出站S2C-d信道的信道质量存在一定差异。
北斗网络设备200在测量出入站信道的信道质量后，可以基于入站信道的信道质量，折算出出站S2C-d信道的信道质量。其中，信道质量可以包括但不限于用SNR来衡量。
其中，北斗网络设备200可以基于如下公式(2)，确定出出站S2C-d信道的SNR：
SNR Tx＝SNR Rx+Δ公式(2)
上述公式(2)中，SNR Tx为出站S2C-d信道的SNR，SNR Rx为入站信道的SNR，Δ为出站S2C-d信道与入站信道的信道质量差值。其中，信道质量差值存在时变的特性，在具体实现中，北斗网络设备200可以周期性更新该信道质量差值。
S1304、北斗网络设备200基于S2C-d信道的信道质量确定出站MCS。
具体的，北斗网络设备200可以基于S2C-d信道的SNR，从SNR与MCS的映射表中，确定出出站MCS。其中，该SNR与MCS的映射表可以是在北斗通信系统中通过物理层的仿真得到的。示例性的，该SNR与MCS的映射表可以参考上述图9所示实施例中的表1，在此不再赘述。
S1305、北斗网络设备200响应于数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文。
具体的，北斗网络设备200在接收到数据请求帧之后，可以从数据请求帧中解析出应用层报文，并从应用层业务报文的业务类型指示字段区分该数据请求帧的业务类型。
若该数据请求帧的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务时，终端100基于查询信息生成第一应用层报文。
若该数据请求帧的业务类型为信件下载业务时，终端100解析出数据请求帧的报文数据中携带的终端100请求的北斗网络设备200发送的消息标识。北斗网络设备200可以基于终端100请求的北斗网络设备200发送的消息标识，从终端100的信箱中确定出第一消息，并基于第一消息生成第一应用层报文。
S1306、北斗网络设备200将第一应用层报文拆分成一个或多个用户帧，一个或多个用户帧包括第二用户帧。
该第二用户帧可以为第一应用层报文的一个或多个用户帧中的任意一个用户帧。
具体的，针对北斗网络设备200将第一应用层报文拆分成多个用户帧的过程，可以参考前述图7所示实施例中针对应用层报文的协议封装过程，在此不再赘述。
S1307、北斗网络设备200将第二用户帧放到第一物理帧中，并基于出站MCS对第一物理帧进行编码调制。
S1308、北斗网络设备200发送第一出站数据(包括S2C-p信道上的导频信息和S2C-d信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧)。
S1309、终端100从第一出站数据中盲解出终端100的第二用户帧。
由于北斗网络设备200发送出站数据的速率低(例如，2kbps、4kbps等等)。终端100可以在一个物理帧的传输时间(例如125ms)内，进行多次(例如1000次)解码运算。因此，终端100可以采用盲解的策略，从第一出站数据中解码出终端100的第二用户帧。
其中，终端100可以遍历北斗网络设备200上支持的不同MCS，对第一出站数据进行解调和解码。若终端100基于解码出的物理帧中数据段计算的校验值(例如CRC校验值)，与解码出的物理帧中校验位字段的值相同，则终端100确定解码成功，终端100解码成功使用的MCS即为北斗网络设备200使用的出站MCS。若终端100对解码出的物理帧中数据段计算的校验值，与解码出的物理帧中校验位字段的值不同，则终端100确定解码失败，终端100使用其他MCS重新对第一出站数据进行解调和解码。直至对第一出站数据解码成功。
通过本申请实施例提供的一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，可以实现北斗网络设备200可以基于终端100发送的数据请求帧，测量入站信道的信道质量，进而折算出出站 S2C-d信道的信道质量。北斗网络设备200可以基于S2C-d信道的信道质量，确定出站MCS。这样，不用额外的信令开销，即可以完成北斗网络设备200选择出站MCS，提升信道利用率。
上述内容详细阐述了本申请提供的方法，为了便于更好地实施本申请实施例的上述方案，本申请实施例还提供了相应的装置或设备。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对终端100和进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
下面将结合图15至图18详细描述本申请实施例的通信装置。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，参见图15，图15是本申请实施例提供的通信装置1500的结构示意图。该通信装置1500可以为上述实施例中的终端100。可选的，通信装置1500可以为一种芯片/芯片系统，例如，北斗通信芯片。如图15所示，该通信装置1500可以包括收发单元1510和处理单元1520。
一种设计中，收发单元1510，可用于发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备。其中，第一用户帧携带第一调制与编码方式MCS指示字段，第一MCS指示字段用于建议北斗网络设备发送第一终端的用户帧时使用第一MCS进行编码调制。
收发单元1510，还用于接收北斗网络设备发送的第一出站数据，所述第一出站数据包括在数据数据信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
处理单元1520，可用于基于第一MCS从第一出站数据中解析北斗网络设备发送给第一终端的第二用户帧。
其中，上述第一用户帧可以是数据请求帧，具体内容，可以参考前述图9所示实施例。可选的，第一用户帧还可以是ACK帧，具体内容，可以参考前述图11所示实施例，在此不再赘述。
可选的，收发单元1510，还可用于执行上述图9、图11或图13中所示方法实施例中终端100执行的有关发送和接收的功能步骤。
可选的，处理单元1520，还可用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示方法实施例中终端100执行的有关解码、信道质量测量或基于信道质量确定MCS等功能步骤。
应理解，该种设计中的通信装置1500可对应执行前述实施例中终端100执行的方法步骤，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，参见图16，图16是本申请实施例提供的通信装置1600的结构示意图。该通信装置1600可以为上述实施例中的北斗网络设备200。可选的，通信装置1600可以为北斗网络设备200中的具体网元，例如，北斗地面收发站22、北斗中心站23、北斗短报文融合通信平台24中的一个网元或多个网元的组合。如图16所示，该通信装置1600可以包括收发单元1610和处理单元1620。
一种设计中，收发单元1610，可用于第一终端发送的第一用户帧，其中，所述第一用户帧携带第一MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段用于建议所述北斗网络设备发送所述第 一终端的用户帧时使用第一MCS进行编码调制。
收发单元1610，还用于当第一帧总数字段和第一帧序号字段用于组合指示的确认模式为并行确认模式时，继续接收终端100发送的第一SLC SDU中的SLC PDU。其中，在并行确认模式下第一帧总数字段用于指示第一SLC SDU中SLC PDU的总数量N，第一帧序号字段用于指示第一SLC PDU在第一SLC SDU中的帧序号。
处理单元1620，可用于将待发送给所述第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用所述第一MCS对所述第一物理帧进行编码调制。
收发单元1610，还用于发送第一出站数据，所述第一出站数据包括在数据信道上经过编码调制的所述第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
其中，上述第一用户帧可以是数据请求帧，具体内容，可以参考前述图9所示实施例。可选的，第一用户帧还可以是ACK帧，具体内容，可以参考前述图11所示实施例，在此不再赘述。
可选的，收发单元1610，还可用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示方法实施例中北斗网络设备200执行的有关发送和接收的功能步骤。
可选的，处理单元1620，还可用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示方法实施例中北斗网络设备200执行的有关调制编码、信道质量测量或确定出站MCS的功能步骤。
应理解，该种设计中的通信装置1600可对应执行前述实施例中北斗网络设备200执行的方法步骤，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
以上介绍了本申请实施例的终端100和北斗网络设备200，应理解，但凡具备上述图15所述的终端100的功能的任何形态的产品，但凡具备上述图16所述的北斗网络设备200的功能的任何形态的产品，都落入本申请实施例的保护范围。
作为一种可能的产品形态，本申请实施例所述的终端100，可以由一般性的总线体系结构来实现。
参见图17，图17是本申请实施例提供的通信装置1700的结构示意图。该通信装置1700可以是终端100，或其中的装置。如图17所示，该通信装置1700包括处理器1701和与所述处理器内部连接通信的收发器1702。其中，处理器1701是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是卫星通信的基带处理器或中央处理器。卫星通信的基带处理器可以用于对卫星通信协议以及卫星通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基带芯片，终端、终端芯片等)进行控制，执行计算机程序，处理计算机程序的数据。收发器1702可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器1702可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。可选的，通信装置1700还可以包括天线1703和/或射频单元(图未示意)。所述天线1703和/或射频单元可以位于所述通信装置1700内部，也可以与所述通信装置1700分离，即所述天线1703和/或射频单元可以是拉远或分布式部署的。
可选的，通信装置1700中可以包括一个或多个存储器1704，其上可以存有指令，该指令可为计算机程序，所述计算机程序可在通信装置1700上被运行，使得通信装置1700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器1704中还可以存储有数据。通信装置 1700和存储器1704可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
其中，处理器1701、收发器1702、以及存储器1704可以通过通信总线连接。
一种设计中，通信装置1700可以用于执行前述实施例中终端100的功能：处理器1701可以用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示实施例中终端100执行的有关解码、信道质量测量或基于信道质量确定MCS的功能步骤和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程；收发器1702可以用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示实施例中终端100执行的有关执行的有关发送和接收的功能步骤和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
在上述任一种设计中，处理器1701中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发器。例如该收发器可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在上述任一种设计中，处理器1701可以存有指令，该指令可为计算机程序，计算机程序在处理器1701上运行，可使得通信装置1700执行上述方法实施例中终端100执行的方法步骤。计算机程序可能固化在处理器1701中，该种情况下，处理器1701可能由硬件实现。
在一种实现方式中，通信装置1700可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor，PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(bipolar junction transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
本申请中描述的通信装置的范围并不限于此，而且通信装置的结构可以不受图17的限制。通信装置1700可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述通信装置1700可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，计算机程序的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(Modem)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、智能终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
作为一种可能的产品形态，本申请实施例所述的北斗网络设备200中的任一网元(例如、北斗地面收发站22、北斗中心站23、北斗短报文融合通信平台24)，可以由一般性的总线体系结构来实现。
参见图18，图18是本申请实施例提供的通信装置1800的结构示意图。该通信装置1800可以是北斗网络设备200，或其中的装置。如图18所示，该通信装置1800包括处理器1801 和与所述处理器内部连接通信的收发器1802。其中，处理器1801是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是卫星通信的基带处理器或中央处理器。卫星通信的基带处理器可以用于对卫星通信协议以及卫星通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基带芯片等)进行控制，执行计算机程序，处理计算机程序的数据。收发器1802可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器1802可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。可选的，通信装置1800还可以包括天线1803和/或射频单元(图未示意)。所述天线1803和/或射频单元可以位于所述通信装置1800内部，也可以与所述通信装置1800分离，即所述天线1803和/或射频单元可以是拉远或分布式部署的。
可选的，通信装置1800中可以包括一个或多个存储器1804，其上可以存有指令，该指令可为计算机程序，所述计算机程序可在通信装置1800上被运行，使得通信装置1800执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器1804中还可以存储有数据。通信装置1800和存储器1804可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
其中，处理器1801、收发器1802、以及存储器1804可以通过通信总线连接。
一种设计中，通信装置1800可以用于执行前述实施例中北斗网络设备200的功能：处理器1801可以用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示实施例中北斗网络设备200执行的有关有关调制编码、信道质量测量或确定出站MCS的功能步骤和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程；收发器1802可以用于执行上述图9、图11或图13所示实施例中北斗网络设备200执行的有关执行的有关发送和接收的功能步骤和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。
在上述任一种设计中，处理器1801中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发器。例如该收发器可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在上述任一种设计中，处理器1801可以存有指令，该指令可为计算机程序，计算机程序在处理器1801上运行，可使得通信装置1800执行上述方法实施例中终端100执行的方法步骤。计算机程序可能固化在处理器1801中，该种情况下，处理器1801可能由硬件实现。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序代码，当上述处理器执行该计算机程序代码时，电子设备执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种通信装置，该装置可以以芯片的产品形态存在，该装置的结构中包括处理器和接口电路，该处理器用于通过接收电路与其它装置通信，使得该装置执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种北斗通信系统，包括终端100和北斗网络设备200，该终端100和北斗网络设备200可以执行前述任一实施例中的方法。
本申请全文介绍了北斗通信系统中短报文的通信功能，可以理解的是，其他卫星系统中也可能存在支持短报文的通信功能。因此，不限制在北斗通信系统中，若有其他卫星系统也支持短报文的通信功能，本申请中介绍的方法，也同样适用于其他卫星系统的通信。
结合本申请公开内容所描述的方法或者算法的步骤可以硬件的方式来实现，也可以是由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、闪存、可擦除可编程只读存储器(Erasable Programmable ROM，EPROM)、电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically EPROM，EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、只读光盘(CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于核心网接口设备中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于核心网接口设备中。
本领域技术人员应该可以意识到，在上述一个或多个示例中，本申请所描述的功能可以用硬件、软件、固件或它们的任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以将这些功能存储在计算机可读介质中或者作为计算机可读介质上的一个或多个指令或代码进行传输。计算机可读介质包括计算机可读存储介质和通信介质，其中通信介质包括便于从一个地方向另一个地方传送计算机程序的任何介质。存储介质可以是通用或专用计算机能够存取的任何可用介质。以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一终端发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备，其中，所述第一用户帧携带第一调制与编码方式MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段用于建议所述北斗网络设备发送所述第一终端的用户帧时使用第一MCS进行编码调制；
    所述第一终端接收北斗网络设备发送的第一出站数据，所述第一出站数据包括在数据数据信道上经过编码调制的第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息；
    所述第一终端基于所述第一MCS从所述第一出站数据中解析所述北斗网络设备发送给所述第一终端的第二用户帧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户帧为数据请求帧，所述数据请求帧的帧头信息中包括所述第一MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一MCS的阶数，所述数据请求帧用于请求所述北斗网络设备发送业务数据给所述第一终端；
    在所述第一终端发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收所述北斗网络设备在导频信道上发送的导频信息，并测量所述导频信道上的信道质量；
    所述第一终端基于所述导频信道上的信道质量，确定出数据信道的信道质量；
    所述第一终端基于数据信道的信道质量，从信道质量与MCS的映射关系中确定出所述第一MCS。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据请求帧中包括业务类型字段，所述业务类型字段用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型，其中，所述业务类型字段的值为第一值或第二值，其中，所述第一值用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务，所述第二值用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型为信件消息下载业务。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述导频信道的信道质量包括所述导频信道的信噪比SNR，所述数据信道的信道质量包括所述数据信道的SNR；
    所述第一终端通过如下公式确定出数据信道的SNR：
    SNR d＝SNR p+δ
    其中，SNR d为所述数据信道的SNR，SNR p为所述导频信道的SNR，δ为所述数据信道与所述导频信道的信道质量差值。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户帧为确认标识符ACK帧；
    在所述第一终端发送第一用户帧给北斗网络设备之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的第二出站数据，所述第二出站数据包括所述数据信道上经过编码调制的第二物理帧和所述导频信道上的导频信息；
    所述第一终端使用第三MCS从所述第二物理帧中解码出第三用户帧，并测量所述数据信道上的信道质量；
    所述第一终端基于所述数据信道上的信道质量，确定出所述第一MCS，所述第一用户帧用于指示所述第一终端已接收到所述第三用户帧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户帧的帧头信息中包括所述第一MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一MCS的阶数，或者，所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一MCS与所述第三MCS相比较的阶数高低。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ACK帧的ACK域包括所述第一MCS指示字段；其中，
    所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一终端是否接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的所述第二用户帧以及所述第一MCS阶数；或者，
    所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一终端是否接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的所述第二用户帧以及所述第一MCS与所述第二MCS相比较的阶数高低。
  8. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一终端基于第一MCS从所述第一出站数据中解析所述北斗网络设备发送给所述第一终端的第二用户帧之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一终端发送第一ACK，所述第一ACK用于指示所述第一终端已接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的所述第二用户帧，其中，所述第一ACK中包括第二MCS指示字段，所述第二MCS指示字段用于建议所述北斗网络设备发送所述第一终端的用户帧时使用第四MCS进行编码调制；
    所述第一终端接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的第三出站数据，其中，所述第三出站数据包括在所述数据信道上经过编码调制的第三物理帧和所述导频信道上的导频信息；
    所述第一终端基于所述第四MCS从所述第三出站数据中解析所述北斗网络设备发送给所述第一终端的第四用户帧。
  9. 一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    北斗网络设备接收第一终端发送的第一用户帧，其中，所述第一用户帧携带第一MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段用于建议所述北斗网络设备发送所述第一终端的用户帧时使用第一MCS进行编码调制；
    所述北斗网络设备将待发送给所述第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用所述第一MCS对所述第一物理帧进行编码调制；
    所述北斗网络设备发送第一出站数据，所述第一出站数据包括在数据信道上经过编码调制的所述第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户帧为数据请求帧，所述数据请求帧的帧头信息中包括所述第一MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一MCS的阶数，所述数据请求帧用于请求所述北斗网络设备发送业务数据给所述第一终端；
    在所述北斗网络设备接收所述第一终端发送的第一用户帧之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述北斗网络设备响应于所述数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文；
    所述北斗网络设备将所述第一应用层报文拆分成一个或多个用户帧，所述一个或多个用户帧包括所述第二用户帧。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据请求帧中包括业务类型字段，所述业务类型字段用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型，其中，所述业务类型字段的值为第一值，其中，所述第一值用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型为信箱概况查询业务；
    所述北斗网络设备响应于所述数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文，具体包括：
    所述北斗网络设备响应于所述数据请求帧，基于所述第一终端的信箱概况信息生成第一应用层报文，所述第一终端的信箱概况信息包括所述第一终端待下载信件消息的数量、发送时间和发送方标识中的一个或多个。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据请求帧中包括业务类型字段，所述业务类型字段用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型，其中，所述业务类型字段的值为第二值，其中，所述第二值用于指示所述数据请求帧的业务类型为信件消息下载业务；
    所述北斗网络设备响应于所述数据请求帧，生成第一应用层报文，具体包括：
    所述北斗网络设备响应于所述数据请求帧，从所述第一终端的信箱中查询到第一信件消息，并基于所述第一信件消息生成第一应用层报文。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户帧为ACK帧；
    在所述北斗网络设备接收所述第一终端发送的第一用户帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述北斗网络设备将待发送给所述第一终端的第三用户帧放入第二物理帧中，并使用第三MCS对所述第二物理帧进行编码调制，所述第二出站数据包括在所述数据信道上通过第三MCS进行编码调制的所述第二物理帧和在所述导频信道上的导频信息，所述第一用户帧用于指示所述第一终端已接收到所述第三用户帧。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一用户帧的帧头信息中包括所述第一MCS指示字段，所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一MCS的阶数，或者，所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一MCS与所述第三MCS相比较的阶数高低。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ACK帧的ACK域包括所述第一MCS指示字段；其中，
    所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一终端是否接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的所述第二用户帧以及所述第一MCS阶数；或者，
    所述第一MCS指示字段的值用于指示所述第一终端是否接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的所述第二用户帧以及所述第一MCS与所述第二MCS相比较的阶数高低。
  16. 根据权利要求10-12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述北斗网络设备发送第一出站数据之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述北斗网络设备接收所述第一终端发送的第一ACK，所述第一ACK用于指示所述第一终端已接收到所述北斗网络设备发送的第二用户帧，其中，所述第一ACK中包括第二MCS指示字段，所述第二MCS指示字段用于建议所述北斗网络设备发送所述第一终端的用户帧时使用第四MCS进行编码调制；
    所述北斗网络设备将待发送给所述第一终端的第四用户帧放入第三物理帧中，并使用所述第四MCS对所述第三物理帧进行编码调制；
    所述北斗网络设备发送第三出站数据，所述第三出站数据包括在所述数据信道上经过编码调制的所述第四物理帧和所述导频信道上的导频信息。
  17. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述北斗网络设备接收所述第一终端发送的第一用户帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述北斗网络设备接收到第二终端发送的第五用户帧，所述第五用户帧用于建议所述北斗网络设备发送所述第二终端的用户帧时使用第五MCS进行编码调制；
    所述北斗网络设备将待发送给所述第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用所述第一MCS对所述第一物理帧进行编码调制，具体包括：
    所述北斗网络设备将待发送给所述第一终端的所述第二用户帧和待发送给所述第二终端的第五用户帧，放入所述第一物理帧中，并使用所述第一MCS对所述第一物理帧进行编码调制。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MCS的阶数小于所述第五MCS的阶数。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MCS的阶数等于所述第五MCS的阶数。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一MCS的阶数大于所述第五MCS的阶数。
  21. 一种北斗通信系统，其特征在于，包括第一终端和北斗网络设备；其中，
    所述第一终端，用于执行权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法；
    所述北斗网络设备，用于执行权利要求9-20中任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种北斗通信系统中出站数据传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    北斗网络设备接收到第一终端在入站信道上发送的第一用户帧；
    所述北斗网络设备测量在接收到所述第一用户帧时所述入站信道上的信道质量；
    所述北斗网络设备基于所述入站信道上的信道质量，确定出数据信道的信道质量；
    所述北斗网络设备基于所述数据信道的信道质量，从信道质量与MCS的映射关系中确定出出站MCS；
    所述北斗网络设备将待发送给所述第一终端的第二用户帧放入第一物理帧中，并使用所述出站MCS对所述第一物理帧进行编码调制；
    所述北斗网络设备发送第一出站数据，所述第一出站数据包括在所述数据信道上经过编码调制的所述第一物理帧和导频信道上的导频信息。
  23. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括一个或多个处理器、一个或多个存储器和收发器；其中，所述收发器、所述一个或多个存储器与所述一个或多个处理器耦合，所述一个或多个 存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器在执行所述计算机指令时，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置为第一终端。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括一个或多个处理器、一个或多个存储器、收发器；其中，所述收发器、所述一个或多个存储器与所述一个或多个处理器耦合，所述一个或多个存储器用于存储计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码包括计算机指令，当一个或多个处理器在执行所述计算机指令时，使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求9-20中任一项或22所述的方法。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置为北斗网络设备。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
  29. 一种芯片或芯片系统，应用于终端，其特征在于，包括处理电路和接口电路，所述接口电路用于接收代码指令并传输至所述处理电路，所述处理电路用于运行所述代码指令以执行如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的方法。
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