WO2022151671A1 - 一种扬声器及音响系统 - Google Patents

一种扬声器及音响系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022151671A1
WO2022151671A1 PCT/CN2021/103912 CN2021103912W WO2022151671A1 WO 2022151671 A1 WO2022151671 A1 WO 2022151671A1 CN 2021103912 W CN2021103912 W CN 2021103912W WO 2022151671 A1 WO2022151671 A1 WO 2022151671A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
voice coil
diaphragm
speaker
annular member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/103912
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高鹏
柴国强
Original Assignee
苏州上声电子股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州上声电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 苏州上声电子股份有限公司
Priority to JP2023534740A priority Critical patent/JP2023554292A/ja
Priority to US18/257,095 priority patent/US20240098402A1/en
Priority to EP21918867.9A priority patent/EP4280626A1/en
Publication of WO2022151671A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022151671A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/24—Structural combinations of separate transducers or of two parts of the same transducer and responsive respectively to two or more frequency ranges
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/045—Mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/13—Acoustic transducers and sound field adaptation in vehicles

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of loudspeakers, in particular to a loudspeaker and an audio system, in particular to a vehicle-mounted speaker and a vehicle-mounted audio system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional loudspeaker, which may be a subwoofer, bass or midrange loudspeaker.
  • a conventional loudspeaker includes a basin frame 1, a diaphragm 2 arranged on the basin frame 1, and a voice coil 3 driven to vibrate by a magnetic circuit system 4.
  • the upper end of the voice coil 3 is directly fixed by bonding or the like. on the diaphragm 2.
  • a mounting hole is opened in the middle of the diaphragm 2 , the voice coil 3 is arranged in the mounting hole, and the outer wall of the voice coil 3 is bonded to the diaphragm 2 .
  • a dust cap 5 for covering the voice coil 3 is also fixed on the diaphragm 2 .
  • one object of the present disclosure is to provide a loudspeaker, which can achieve a more prominent low frequency when working at a lower cost, and does not have superimposed frequency response when working with a tweeter.
  • Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an audio system, which can make the sound more natural and clean with distinct layers at a lower cost without configuring a low-pass filter on the circuit.
  • a speaker comprising:
  • a vibrating membrane which is used for vibrating and producing sound, and the vibrating membrane is arranged on the basin frame;
  • the magnetic circuit system for driving the voice coil to vibrate, the magnetic circuit system is arranged on the basin frame, and the magnetic circuit system has a magnetic gap for inserting the lower end of the voice coil;
  • the speaker also includes:
  • annular member which is arranged on the upper end of the voice coil and is connected with the diaphragm.
  • the ring member and the voice coil are coaxial. That is, the center line of the ring member and the center line of the voice coil coincide with each other.
  • the ring member is sleeved on the upper end of the voice coil.
  • the diaphragm is provided with a mounting hole, the upper end of the voice coil is inserted into the mounting hole, and the inner surface of the annular member is engaged with the outer surface of the voice coil, The outer surface of the ring is engaged with the hole wall of the mounting hole.
  • the inner surface of the ring member and the outer surface of the voice coil are bonded.
  • the lower portion of the annular member is inserted into the upper end portion of the voice coil.
  • the ring itself is formed by curing silane glue, which can be directly bonded to the voice coil and the diaphragm.
  • the loudspeaker further includes a dust cap, the dust cap is connected to the diaphragm and covers over the mounting hole.
  • the material of the ring is selected from paper or rubber.
  • the material of the ring member is one of paper, non-foamed rubber, foamed rubber, silica gel or soft glue.
  • the annular member is a flexible member.
  • the material of the ring member is silane glue.
  • the shape of the annular member is a hollow cylinder as a whole.
  • the height (dimension along the axial direction) of the ring is 0.5-5 mm.
  • axial specifically refers to the direction along the centerline of the voice coil.
  • the speaker is a subwoofer, a woofer or a mid-range speaker.
  • a woofer When used as a woofer, it can be an independent woofer or a woofer unit in a coaxial speaker with two or more channels.
  • the speaker is a vehicle-mounted speaker.
  • the magnetic circuit system is an external magnetic structure. In another embodiment, the magnetic circuit system is an internal magnetic structure or a flip-chip magnetic circuit structure.
  • the magnetic circuit system adopts ferrite, rubidium iron boron or rubidium nickel cobalt magnetic steel.
  • the voice coil is connected with the diaphragm only through the annular member. That is, there is no direct contact between the voice coil and the diaphragm, and only indirect connection through the annular member.
  • an audio system includes a tweeter, the in-vehicle audio system further includes at least one selected from a subwoofer, a woofer, and a mid-range speaker, the subwoofer, the woofer Or the midrange speakers are speakers as described above.
  • the speaker system is a car audio system. In another embodiment, the speaker system is a home speaker system.
  • a coaxial speaker includes a tweeter unit and a woofer unit, and the woofer unit adopts the speaker as described above.
  • the upper end of the voice coil is connected to the diaphragm through a ring member, so that the mid-frequency and high-frequency range of the loudspeaker can be rapidly decreased, so that the low frequency is more prominent when the loudspeaker works, and the frequency response is not superimposed when working with the tweeter, so that the The sound is relatively natural and clean, and the sense of hierarchy is clear; under this premise, the speaker and sound system have low cost, high cost performance, and the speaker manufacturing and process operation are relatively simple.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional loudspeaker
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a speaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of frequency response curves of a conventional loudspeaker and a loudspeaker according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected” and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • installed should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication between two elements.
  • the speaker includes a basin frame 1 , a diaphragm 2 , a voice coil 3 and a magnetic circuit system 4 .
  • the basin frame 1 is used to support the internal components of the entire speaker and to be connected to the components of the automobile.
  • the middle of the basin frame 1 is hollowed out to accommodate the diaphragm 2 , the voice coil 3 and the magnetic circuit system 4 .
  • the diaphragm 2 is used for vibrating and producing sound, and the diaphragm 2 is arranged on the basin frame 1 .
  • the voice coil 3 is used to drive the diaphragm 2 to vibrate.
  • the magnetic circuit system 4 is used to drive the voice coil 3 to vibrate.
  • the magnetic circuit system 4 is arranged on the basin frame 1 , and the magnetic circuit system 4 has a magnetic gap 40 for inserting the lower end of the voice coil 3 .
  • the loudspeaker further includes a ring member 7 .
  • the ring member 7 is disposed on the upper end of the voice coil 3 and connected to the diaphragm 2 . There is no direct contact between the voice coil 3 and the diaphragm 2 , and only indirect connection through the ring member 7 .
  • the diaphragm 2 includes a vertebral body 21 and a folded ring 22 surrounding the periphery of the vertebral body 21 .
  • the diameter of the vertebral body 21 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the folding ring 22 is connected to the upper edge of the vertebral body 21; specifically, it can be glued to the upper edge of the vertebral body 21, and the folding ring 22 is glued to the upper edge of the basin frame 1. on the surface.
  • a mounting hole 210 for mounting the voice coil 3 is provided at the lower portion (ie, the middle position) of the vertebral body 21 .
  • the lower end portion of the voice coil 3 is a coil portion, which is inserted into the magnetic gap 40 of the magnetic circuit system 4 and can vibrate up and down by electromagnetic action.
  • the upper part of the voice coil 3 is the skeleton, which is fixed on the diaphragm 2 through the annular part.
  • a connecting port 11 is opened on the side surface of the basin frame 1 , and a pair of welding pieces 12 are embedded in the connecting port 11 .
  • the ring member 7 and the voice coil 3 are coaxial. That is, the center line of the ring member 7 and the center line of the voice coil 3 coincide with each other. Further, the ring member 7 is sleeved on the upper end of the voice coil 3 .
  • the upper end of the voice coil 3 is inserted into the mounting hole 210 , the inner surface of the ring member 7 is engaged with the outer surface of the voice coil 3 , and the outer surface of the ring member 7 is engaged with the hole wall of the mounting hole 210 .
  • the inner surface of the ring member 7 and the outer surface of the voice coil 3 are bonded; the outer surface of the ring member 7 and the hole wall of the mounting hole 210 are bonded, eg bonded.
  • the lower end of the ring member 7 is inserted into the upper end of the voice coil 2 .
  • the material of the ring member 7 is selected from one of paper, non-foamed rubber, foamed rubber, and silane glue.
  • the ring member 7 is formed by curing silane glue, which can be directly bonded between the diaphragm 2 and the voice coil 3 , and the ring member 7 formed therefrom is a flexible material, which connects the diaphragm 2 and the voice coil 3 Flexible connections help further improve performance.
  • the shape of the ring member 7 is a hollow cylinder as a whole.
  • the size (height) of the ring member 7 in the axial direction (up-down direction in FIG. 2 ) is 0.5-5 mm.
  • the loudspeaker also includes a dust cap 5 , and the dust cap 6 is connected to the diaphragm 2 and covered above the mounting hole 210 .
  • the magnetic circuit system 4 is an external magnetic structure.
  • the magnetic circuit system 4 includes a front piece 41, a magnetic steel 42 and a back piece 43.
  • the middle part of the back piece 43 has a cylindrical portion extending upward, and the magnetic steel 42 and the front piece 41 are sequentially sleeved on the cylindrical portion from bottom to top.
  • there is a gap between the cylindrical portion, the front piece 41 and the magnetic steel 42 that is, the above-mentioned magnetic gap 40 is formed.
  • the magnetic steel 42 is ferrite, rubidium iron boron or rubidium nickel cobalt magnetic steel 42 .
  • the magnetic circuit system is an internal magnetic structure.
  • the loudspeaker also includes a positioning support piece 6, the positioning support piece 6 is sleeved on the voice coil 3, and the outer edge of the positioning support piece 6 is fixed on the basin frame 1 to prevent the voice coil 3 from shaking horizontally, so that the voice coil 3 can both Vibrate up and down.
  • the present embodiment also provides an in-vehicle audio system, which includes a tweeter.
  • the in-vehicle audio system further includes at least one selected from the group consisting of a subwoofer, a woofer and a mid-range speaker, and the subwoofer, woofer or mid-range speaker is the above-mentioned speaker.
  • This embodiment also provides an audio system including a coaxial speaker with more than 2 channels, the coaxial speaker includes a tweeter unit and a woofer unit, and the woofer unit adopts the above-mentioned speaker.
  • the voice coil 3 and the diaphragm 2 are connected by the ring member 7, so that the intermediate frequency and high frequency part of the speaker drops rapidly, so that the low frequency is more prominent when the speaker is working, and the frequency response is not superimposed when working with the tweeter, so that the sound More natural and clean, with distinct layers.
  • the traditional LC circuit low-pass filter (which needs to be set on the driving circuit board of the audio system) can be avoided when it cooperates with the tweeter to form the car audio system, and the cost is lower and the cost performance is higher.
  • the speaker manufacturing and process operations are relatively simple.
  • FIG. 4 shows a comparison diagram of frequency response curves of a conventional loudspeaker and the loudspeaker of this embodiment.
  • the curve with darker color is the frequency response curve of the conventional speaker
  • the curve with lighter color is the frequency response curve of the speaker of this embodiment.
  • the effective frequency range of traditional speakers is 50-11000Hz.
  • the effective frequency range of the speaker in this embodiment is 50-3000Hz. It can be seen from the comparison frequency response curve that the crossover point is around 3000Hz by setting the ring member 7; The maximum sound pressure drop around 5500Hz is 15dB. If the traditional LC circuit is used to filter down 12dB, a second-order filter costs about 3 yuan, and the ring member of the speaker in this embodiment costs at most 0.5 yuan, and a single speaker can save 2.5 yuan.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
  • Details Of Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)

Abstract

本公开设计一种扬声器及音响系统。一种扬声器，包括：盆架；振膜，其用于振动发声，所述振膜设置于所述盆架上；音圈，其用于带动所述振膜振动；及磁路系统，其用于驱动所述音圈振动，所述磁路系统设置于所述盆架上，所述磁路系统具有用于供所述音圈的下端部插入的磁间隙；所述扬声器还包括：环形件，其设置于所述音圈的上端部并和所述振膜连接。本公开能够以较低成本实现工作时低频更加突出并与高音扬声器一起工作时频响无叠加。

Description

一种扬声器及音响系统
本公开要求2021年1月18日提交的申请号为CN 2021100625169的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用的方式并入本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及扬声器领域，具体是一种扬声器及音响系统，特别是一种车载扬声器及一种车载音响系统。
背景技术
图1是传统扬声器的结构示意图，其可以是超低音、低音或中音扬声器。参照图1所示，传统的扬声器包括盆架1、设置在盆架1上的振膜2及由磁路系统4驱动振动的音圈3，音圈3的上端部通过粘合等方式直接固定在振膜2上。例如，振膜2的中部开设有安装孔，音圈3设置在安装孔中，且其外壁和振膜2粘合。振膜2上还固定有用于将音圈3罩住的防尘帽5。在某些应用场景中，如进行车内声音重放的车载音响系统中，这种扬声器要与高音扬声器组合而一起工作。当与高音扬声器一起工作时，会产生频响叠加，声音层次感不够分明。为了解决这一问题，会在扬声器的驱动电路板上设计低通滤波器，以消除超低音、低音或中音扬声器与高音扬声器的频响叠加。然而，这种解决方案成本较高，扬声器制造和工艺较为复杂，性价比低。
公开内容
针对上述问题，本公开的一个目的是提供一种扬声器，能够以较低成本实现工作时低频更加突出，与高音扬声器一起工作时频响无叠加。
本公开的另一个目的是提供一种音响系统，无需在电路上配置低通滤波器即能够以较低成本使得声音较为自然和干净，层次感分明。
根据本公开的第一个方面，提供一种扬声器，包括：
盆架；
振膜，其用于振动发声，所述振膜设置于所述盆架上；
音圈，其用于带动所述振膜振动；及
磁路系统，其用于驱动所述音圈振动，所述磁路系统设置于所述盆架上，所述磁路系统具有用于供所述音圈的下端部插入的磁间隙；
所述扬声器还包括：
环形件，其设置于所述音圈的上端部并和所述振膜连接。
在一优选的实施例中，所述环形件和所述音圈共轴。即，环形件的中心线和音圈的中心线相互重合。
在一优选的实施例中，所述环形件套于所述音圈的上端部上。
在一更优选的实施例中，所述振膜上设有安装孔，所述音圈的上端部插入所述安装孔内，所述环形件的内表面和所述音圈的外表面接合，所述环形件的外表面和所述安装孔的孔壁接合。
进一步地，所述环形件的内表面和所述音圈的外表面粘合。
进一步地，所述环形件的外表面和所述安装孔的孔壁粘合。
在一可选的实施例中，所述环形件的下部插设于所述音圈的上端部内。
根据一个优选且具体的方面，环形件本身即由硅烷类胶水固化形成，可直接和音圈、振膜粘合。
更在一优选的实施例中，所述扬声器还包括防尘帽，所述防尘帽连接在所述振膜上并罩于所述安装孔上方。
在一优选的实施例中，所述环形件的材料选自纸或橡胶。更在一优选的实施例中，环形件的材料为纸、不发泡橡胶、发泡橡胶、硅胶或软性胶水中的一种。
根据一个具体且优选的实施例中，环形件为柔性件。进一步地，环形件的材料为硅烷类胶水。
在一优选的实施例中，环形件的形状整体为空心圆柱。
在一优选的实施例中，所述环形件的高度(沿轴向的尺寸)为0.5-5mm。本文中，“轴向”具体是指沿音圈的中心线的方向。
在一优选的实施例中，所述扬声器为超低音扬声器、低音扬声器或中音扬声器。作为低音扬声器使用时，其可以为独立设置的低音扬声器，也可以为2音路以上的同轴扬声器中的低音扬声器单元。
在一优选的实施例中，所述扬声器为车载扬声器。
在一实施例中，所述磁路系统为外磁结构。在另一实施例中，所述磁路系统为内磁结构或倒装磁路结构。
进一步地，所述磁路系统采用铁氧体、铷铁硼或铷镍钴磁钢。
在一优选的实施例中，所述音圈仅通过所述环形件和所述振膜连接。即，音圈和振膜之间无直接接触，仅通过环形件间接连接。
根据本公开的第二个方面，一种音响系统，包括高音扬声器，所述车载音响系统还包括选自超低音扬声器、低音扬声器和中音扬声器中的至少一个，所述超低音扬声器、低音扬声器或中音扬声器为如上所述的扬声器。
在一优选的实施例中，所述音箱系统为车载音响系统。在另一实施例中，所述音箱系统为家用音箱系统。
根据本发明的第三个方面，一种同轴扬声器，所述同轴扬声器包括高音扬声器单元和低音扬声器单元，所述低音扬声器单元采用如上所述的扬声器。
本公开采用以上方案，相比现有技术具有如下优点：
本公开的扬声器，音圈的上端部通过环形件连接在振膜上，能够使扬声器的中频高频段快速下降，使扬声器工作时低频更加突出，且与高音扬声器一起工作时频响无叠加，使声音较为自然和干净，层次感分明；在该前提下，扬声器及音响系统成本较低，性价比较高，扬声器制造和工艺操作较简单。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单 地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为传统扬声器的结构示意图；
图2是根据本公开一实施例的扬声器的结构示意图；
图3为根据本公开一实施例的扬声器的分解示意图；
图4为传统扬声器与本公开实施例的扬声器的频响曲线对比图。
其中，
1、盆架；11、连接口；12、焊片；2、振膜；21、椎体；210、安装孔；22、折环；3、音圈；4、磁路系统；40、磁间隙；41、前片；42、磁钢；43、后片；5、防尘帽；6、定位支片；7、环形件。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本的较佳实施例进行详细阐述，以使本公开的优点和特征能更易于被本领域的技术人员理解。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本公开，但并不构成对本公开的限定。此外，下面所描述的本公开各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以互相结合。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
进一步可以理解的是，本公开中“多个”是指两个或两个以上，其它量词与之类似。单数形 式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
在本文中所披露的范围的端点和任何值都不限于该精确的范围或值，这些范围或值应当理解为包含接近这些范围或值的值。对于数值范围来说，各个范围的端点值之间、各个范围的端点值和单独的点值之间，以及单独的点值之间可以彼此组合而得到一个或多个新的数值范围，这些数值范围应被视为在本文中具体公开。
本实施例提供一种扬声器，具体是一种车载扬声器，其可作为车载音响系统的超低音扬声器、低音扬声器或中音扬声器。参照图2至图3所示，该扬声器包括盆架1、振膜2、音圈3及磁路系统4。盆架1用于支撑整个扬声器的内部构件，并用于连接在汽车的部件上，盆架1的中部镂空以用于容置振膜2、音圈3及磁路系统4。振膜2用于振动发声，振膜2设置于盆架1上。音圈3用于带动振膜2振动。磁路系统4用于驱动音圈3振动，磁路系统4设置于盆架1上，磁路系统4具有用于供音圈3的下端部插入的磁间隙40。该扬声器还包括环形件7，环形件7设置于音圈3的上端部并和振膜2连接。音圈3和振膜2之间无直接接触，仅通过环形件7间接连接。
振膜2包括椎体21及环绕椎体21外围一圈的折环22，折环22固定连接在盆架1的上表面上，椎体21位于盆架1内。椎体21的直径自上至下逐步减小，折环22连接于椎体21的上边沿；具体可为粘合在椎体21的上边沿，折环22则粘合在盆架1的上表面上。椎体21的下部(即中部位置)则设置有用于安装音圈3的安装孔210。
音圈3的下端部为线圈部分，其用于插入磁路系统4的磁间隙40中，通过电磁作用而能够上下振动。音圈3的上部则为骨架，其通过环形部固定在振膜2上。盆架1的侧表面上开设有连接口11，连接口11中嵌设有一对焊片12，音圈3的引线的正负极连接于该对焊片12，以便于外部的音频信号输入。
环形件7和音圈3共轴。即，环形件7的中心线和音圈3的中心线相互重合。进一步地，环形件7套于音圈3的上端部上。音圈3的上端部插入安装孔210内，环形件7的内表面和音圈3的外表面接合，环形件7的外表面和安装孔210的孔壁接合。具体而言，环形件7的内表面和音圈3的外表面粘合；环形件7的外表面和安装孔210的孔壁接合，如粘合。在其他一些实施例中，环形件7的下端部插设于音圈2的上端部内。
环形件7的材料选自纸、不发泡橡胶、发泡橡胶、硅烷类胶水中的一种。本实施例中，环形件7由硅烷类胶水经固化形成，其可以直接粘合在振膜2和音圈3之间，而且由此形成的环形件7为柔性材料，将振膜2和音圈3柔性连接，有助于进一步提升性能。
环形件7的形状整体为空心圆柱。环形件7的沿轴向(图2中的上下方向)的尺寸(高度)为0.5-5mm。
该扬声器还包括防尘帽5，防尘帽6连接在振膜2上并罩于安装孔210上方。
本实施例中，磁路系统4为外磁结构。该磁路系统4包括前片41、磁钢42及后片43，后片43的中部具有向上延伸的柱形部，磁钢42及前片41自下至上依次套设在柱形部上，且柱形部和前片41、磁钢42之间具有间隙，即形成上述的磁间隙40。磁钢42为铁氧体、铷铁硼或铷镍钴磁钢42。在另一实施例中，磁路系统为内磁结构。
该扬声器还包括定位支片6，定位支片6套设在音圈3上，且定位支片6的外边沿固定在盆架1上，以防止音圈3水平晃动，使音圈3既能够沿上下方向振动。
本实施例还提供一种车载音响系统，其包括高音扬声器。该车载音响系统还包括选自超低音扬声器、低音扬声器和中音扬声器中的至少一个，超低音扬声器、低音扬声器或中音扬声器为如上所述的扬声器。
本实施例还提供一种包括2音路以上的同轴扬声器的音响系统，该同轴扬声器包括高音扬声器单元和低音扬声器单元，低音扬声器单元采用如上所述的扬声器。
本实施例通过环形件7将音圈3和振膜2连接，使扬声器的中频高频部快速下降，使扬声器的工作时低频更加突出并与高音扬器一起工作时频响无叠加，使声音更加自然和干净，层次感分明。使用环形件7的扬声器，在与高音扬声器配合构成车载音响系统时，可以避免采用传统的LC电路低通滤波器(其需要设置在音响系统的驱动电路板上)，成本较低性价比更高，扬声器制造方面和工艺操作较为简单。
图4示出了传统扬声器和本实施例的扬声器的频响曲线对比图。参见图4所示，颜色较深的曲线为传统扬声器的频响曲线，颜色较浅的曲线则为本实施例扬声器的频响曲线。传统扬声器的有效频率范围在50-11000Hz，对于低音扬声器来说频率范围太宽，不利于与高音扬声器的衔接(中高频太多声音会很噪)。本实施例扬声器的有效频率范围在50-3000Hz，从对 比频响曲线可以看出，通过设置环形件7，分频点在3000Hz左右；可以有效的滤掉3000-11000Hz的多余的中高频，其中5500Hz左右最大声压下降有15dB。假如用传统LC电路滤波下降12dB需要一个2阶滤波器大约需要3元的成本，本实施例扬声器的环形件则最多0.5元成本，单个扬声器即可以省2.5元。
上述实施例只为说明本公开的技术构思及特点，是一种优选的实施例，其目的在于熟悉此项技术的人士能够了解本公开的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限定本公开的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种扬声器，包括：
    盆架；
    振膜，其用于振动发声，所述振膜设置于所述盆架上；
    音圈，其用于带动所述振膜振动；及
    磁路系统，其用于驱动所述音圈振动，所述磁路系统设置于所述盆架上，所述磁路系统具有用于供所述音圈的下端部插入的磁间隙；
    其特征在于，所述扬声器还包括：
    环形件，其设置于所述音圈的上端部并和所述振膜连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件和所述音圈共轴。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件套于所述音圈的上端部上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述振膜上设有安装孔，所述音圈的上端部插入所述安装孔内，所述环形件的内表面和所述音圈的外表面接合，所述环形件的外表面和所述安装孔的孔壁接合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件的内表面和所述音圈的外表面粘合；和/或，所述环形件的外表面和所述安装孔的孔壁粘合。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述扬声器还包括防尘帽，所述防尘帽连接在所述振膜上并罩于所述安装孔上方。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件的下部插设于所述音圈的上端部内。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件的材料选自纸、不发泡橡胶、发泡橡胶；或，所述环形件由硅烷类胶水固化形成。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件为柔性件。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件呈空心圆柱状。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述环形件的高度为0.5-5mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述音圈通过所述环形件和所述振膜连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述扬声器为超低音扬声器、低音扬声器或中音扬声器。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于：所述扬声器为车载扬声器。
  15. 一种音响系统，包括高音扬声器，所述音响系统还包括超低音扬声器、低音扬声器和中音扬声器中的至少一个，其特征在于：所述超低音扬声器、所述低音扬声器或所述中音扬声器为如权利要求1至14任一项所述的扬声器。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的音响系统，其特征在于：所述音响系统为车载音响系统。
  17. 一种同轴扬声器，包括高音扬声器单元和低音扬声器单元，其特征在于：所述低音扬声器单元采用如权利要求1至14任一项所述的扬声器。
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