WO2022151544A1 - 一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法 - Google Patents

一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法 Download PDF

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WO2022151544A1
WO2022151544A1 PCT/CN2021/075149 CN2021075149W WO2022151544A1 WO 2022151544 A1 WO2022151544 A1 WO 2022151544A1 CN 2021075149 W CN2021075149 W CN 2021075149W WO 2022151544 A1 WO2022151544 A1 WO 2022151544A1
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organic liquid
film
aqueous solution
liquid film
driving mechanism
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PCT/CN2021/075149
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘杰
贾明辉
李金成
夏文香
赵宝秀
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青岛理工大学
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0484Controlling means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D11/00Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/04Solvent extraction of solutions which are liquid
    • B01D11/0492Applications, solvents used
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20Recycling

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of liquid-liquid solvent extraction and separation, in particular to an organic-liquid-film interface shear update extraction device and a method of use.
  • Liquid-liquid solvent extraction is an important chemical separation technology. It has the advantages of high selectivity, good separation effect, easy operation and strong applicability. It is widely used in petroleum, chemical, pharmaceutical, metallurgy, environmental protection, biological engineering and new material preparation. widely used.
  • CN86107681A discloses a method and equipment for dispersing small-volume oil phase after oil-water two-phase passes through a cyclone mixer.
  • the method can uniformly disperse small-volume oil phase into large-volume water phase.
  • the cyclone mixer is a static mixer.
  • the increase of the interface renewal rate is closely related to the inertia force shearing of the water and oil phases, and the renewal rate is slow, which affects the extraction and mass transfer. .
  • CN102512848A discloses a large-phase liquid-liquid two-phase continuous extraction device.
  • the device uses a liquid film disperser to extrude a small volume of organic oil phase to form an organic oil film, and disperse the oil film on the surface of the bubbles, with a large contact area and a fast interface renewal rate.
  • the structure of the bubbles in the oil film is unstable, and the liquid film on the surface of the bubbles is easily sheared off and enters the water phase.
  • the present invention provides an organic liquid membrane interface shear update extraction device and a method of use.
  • the device and method are not only suitable for general liquid-liquid solvent extraction, but also suitable for small oil phase volume.
  • the liquid-liquid solvent extraction can significantly improve the extraction efficiency.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is:
  • An organic liquid film interface shearing renewal extraction device comprising a control unit, a reaction tank, a hanging film lifting unit, and a sliding barrier push-pull unit, an aqueous solution is injected into the reaction tank, and an organic liquid film is laid on the aqueous solution, so the
  • the described sliding barrier push-pull unit includes a sliding barrier positioned on both sides of the organic liquid film and a drive mechanism A that controls the relative movement of the 2 sliding barriers
  • the described hanging piece lifting film unit includes a hanging piece, and a device that controls the up and down movement of the hanging piece.
  • the hanging piece is longitudinally arranged between the two sliding barriers, and the control unit is configured to control the driving form of the driving mechanism A and the driving mechanism B, and realize the lifting of the hanging piece through the control.
  • the form of mutual cooperation between the hanging film lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit includes: when the driving mechanism A drives the sliding barriers on both sides to move inward and squeeze the organic liquid film, the driving mechanism B drives the hanging piece to lift upward, and pulls up a part of the organic liquid film upward from the surface of the aqueous solution during the lifting process.
  • the driving mechanism A drives the sliding barriers on both sides to move inward and squeeze the organic liquid film
  • the driving mechanism B drives the hanging piece to lift upward, and pulls up a part of the organic liquid film upward from the surface of the aqueous solution during the lifting process.
  • shearing is formed between the remaining organic liquid film and the aqueous solution, and the surface of the aqueous solution forms shearing.
  • the renewal speed of the organic liquid film is positively accelerated.
  • the form of cooperation between the hanging piece film lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit further includes: when the driving mechanism A drives the sliding barriers on both sides to move to the outside, the driving mechanism B drives the hanging piece to move toward the outside. Move down, and in the process of moving downward, the organic liquid film attached to the hanging piece slides into the surface of the aqueous solution.
  • the organic liquid film on the hanging piece gradually enters the surface of the aqueous solution, a shear is formed between the organic liquid film and the aqueous solution, and the surface of the aqueous solution is sheared.
  • the update speed of the organic liquid membrane is accelerated in reverse.
  • control unit includes a controller, a speed sensor, a membrane pressure sensor, and a displacement sensor, and there are two membrane pressure sensors, which are respectively arranged on the inner side of the sliding barrier opposite to the organic liquid membrane, so
  • the sliding barrier and the hanging piece are all provided with a speed sensor and a displacement sensor, and the speed sensor, the film pressure sensor, and the displacement sensor are respectively connected with the controller signal.
  • the hanging piece has a square structure, and the width of the hanging piece is the same as the width of the sliding barrier;
  • the driving mechanism A is an electric push rod A, and the fixed end of the electric push rod A is the same as that of the reaction tank.
  • the inner surface of the groove wall is fixedly connected, and the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the outer end surface of the corresponding sliding barrier;
  • the driving mechanism B is an electric push rod B, and the fixed end of the electric push rod B passes through the frame and the reaction tank.
  • the top of the groove wall is fixedly connected, and the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the top of the hanging piece.
  • the reaction tank is provided with a plurality of sets of hanging film lifting units and sliding barrier push-pull units that are used in cooperation with each other.
  • a method for using an organic liquid film interface shearing renewal extraction device comprising step 1, injecting an aqueous solution into a reaction tank, and laying an organic liquid film on the upper surface of the aqueous solution between two sliding barriers; step 2, starting a control unit , through the control unit to control the hanging film lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit to speed up the renewal speed of the organic liquid film on the surface of the aqueous solution, and perform extraction.
  • the method of accelerating the renewal speed of the organic liquid film on the surface of the aqueous solution in the step 2 includes forward acceleration and reverse acceleration.
  • the control unit is configured to control the driving mechanism A and the driving mechanism B by The driving speed and driving direction are used to avoid the collapse of the organic liquid film.
  • the control unit is configured to control the driving speed and driving direction of the driving mechanism A and the driving mechanism B to avoid the organic liquid film breaking.
  • the present invention adopts the sliding barrier push-pull unit and the hanging film-lifting unit to drive the organic liquid film on the surface of the water phase to do push-pull motion, so as to control the renewal speed of the organic liquid film and improve the extraction efficiency.
  • the present invention adopts the sliding barrier push-pull unit to cooperate with the hanging piece film-lifting unit, which can realize the control of the renewal process of the organic liquid film, and can prevent the organic liquid film from collapsing and breaking.
  • the present invention adopts the sliding barrier push-pull unit to cooperate with the hanging film-lifting unit, which can effectively control the thickness of the organic liquid film.
  • the present invention realizes automatic control extraction, not only convenient to use, high extraction efficiency, but also suitable for high-efficiency extraction of organic liquid membrane phases of different volumes.
  • FIG. 1 the structural representation of the present invention
  • control unit 2: reaction tank, 3: sliding barrier, 4: hanging piece, 5: electric actuator B, 6: organic liquid film, 7: aqueous solution, 8: frame, 9: electric actuator A, 10: Membrane pressure sensor.
  • orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, etc. are based on those shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • the orientation or positional relationship is only for describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, as well as a specific orientation configuration and operation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
  • An organic liquid-film interface shearing and updating extraction device as shown in Figure 1, comprises a control unit 1, a reaction tank 2, a hanging film lifting unit, and a sliding barrier push-pull unit, and the reaction tank 2 is injected with an aqueous solution 7,
  • An organic liquid film 6 is laid on the aqueous solution 7, and the sliding barrier push-pull unit includes a sliding barrier 3 arranged on both sides of the organic liquid film 6, and a driving mechanism A for controlling the relative movement of the two sliding barriers 3.
  • the film lifting unit includes a hanging piece 4 and a driving mechanism B for controlling the up and down movement of the hanging piece 4.
  • the hanging piece 4 is longitudinally arranged between the two sliding barriers 3, and the control unit 1 is configured to drive the The driving form of the mechanism A and the driving mechanism B is controlled, and the mutual cooperation between the hanging film lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit is realized through control.
  • This embodiment provides the most basic structural form of the present invention.
  • the cooperation between the hanging film lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit can speed up the renewal speed of the organic liquid film. Thereby effectively improving the extraction efficiency.
  • This embodiment is not only applicable to the case of the organic liquid film 6 having a larger volume, but also to the case of the organic liquid film 6 having a smaller volume.
  • the volume of the membrane 6 is small, it is only necessary to reduce the distance between the two sliding barriers 3 to achieve rapid extraction.
  • the form of cooperation between the hanging film lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit includes: when the driving mechanism A drives the sliding barriers 3 on both sides to move inward and squeeze the organic liquid film 6, the driving mechanism B Drive the hanging piece 4 to lift upward, and pull up a part of the organic liquid film 6 upward from the surface of the aqueous solution during the lifting process. Cut, the renewal speed of the organic liquid film 6 on the surface of the aqueous solution 7 realizes positive acceleration;
  • the form of mutual cooperation between the hanging piece lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit also includes: when the driving mechanism A drives the sliding barriers 3 on both sides to move to the outside, the driving mechanism B drives the hanging piece 4 downward. Move, and make the organic liquid film 6 attached to the hanging piece 4 slip into the surface of the aqueous solution in the process of moving downward, when the organic liquid film 6 on the hanging piece 4 gradually enters the aqueous solution surface, the organic liquid film 6 and the aqueous solution 7. During the shearing process, the renewal speed of the organic liquid film 6 on the surface of the aqueous solution 7 is accelerated in the opposite direction.
  • This embodiment specifically describes the form of mutual cooperation between the hanging piece lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit.
  • the hanging piece In the forward acceleration, due to the surface tension of the organic liquid film, the hanging piece is formed during the upward lifting of the film.
  • the tensile force promotes the renewal speed of the organic liquid film 6 on the surface of the aqueous solution to accelerate, and in the reverse acceleration, due to the extrusion of the organic liquid film on the hanging piece to the organic liquid film on the surface of the aqueous solution, the organic liquid film 6 on the surface of the aqueous solution can also be promoted.
  • the renewal speed of the organic liquid film is accelerated.
  • the organic liquid film is controlled by the extrusion and pulling of the organic liquid film by the sliding barrier.
  • the control unit 1 includes a controller, a speed sensor (not shown in the figure), a membrane pressure sensor 10, and a displacement sensor (not shown in the figure).
  • the membrane pressure sensor 10 has 2, and are respectively arranged on the inner side of the sliding barrier 3 opposite to the organic liquid film 6, the sliding barrier 3 and the hanging piece 4 are all provided with a speed sensor (not shown in the figure) and a displacement sensor (in the figure). Not shown), the speed sensor, the membrane pressure sensor 10, and the displacement sensor are respectively connected with the controller signal.
  • the controller is a common technology, which can be a computer control system (including hardware and software), or a PLC controller, a control circuit board, and a control chip, and the speed sensor is used to sense the slippery barrier 3 and the hanging piece 4
  • the movement speed of the suspending plate 4 and the sliding barrier 3 is convenient for speed regulation.
  • the displacement sensor is used to detect the displacement of the hanging piece 4 and the sliding barrier 3, which is convenient for adjusting the displacement distance of the hanging piece 4 and the sliding barrier 3.
  • the membrane pressure sensor 10 is used for Detecting the pressure of the organic liquid film 6 is convenient for adjusting the thickness of the organic liquid film 6 .
  • the hanging piece is a square structure, and the width of the hanging piece is the same as the width of the sliding barrier;
  • the driving mechanism A is an electric push rod A9, and the fixed end of the electric push rod A9 is the same as that of the sliding barrier.
  • the inner surface of the tank wall of the reaction tank 2 is fixedly connected, and the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the corresponding sliding barrier 3;
  • the drive mechanism B is an electric push rod B5, and the fixed end of the electric push rod B5
  • the frame 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the tank wall of the reaction tank 2 , and the end of the piston rod is fixedly connected to the top of the hanging piece 4 .
  • the width of the hanging piece 4 of the present invention is the same as the width of the sliding barrier 3, so that the hanging piece and the sliding barrier can be closely matched.
  • the reaction tank is provided with a plurality of groups of hanging film lifting units and sliding barrier push-pull units which are used in cooperation with each other.
  • the present invention is suitable for the extraction of large-volume organic liquid membranes by arranging multiple sets of mutually cooperating hanging sheet lifting units and sliding barrier push-pull units.
  • a method for using an organic liquid film interface shearing renewal extraction device comprising step 1, injecting an aqueous solution 7 in a reaction tank, and laying an organic liquid film 6 on the upper surface of the aqueous solution 7 between two slip barriers 3; step 2 . Start the control unit 1, and control the hanging piece lifting unit and the sliding barrier push-pull unit through the control unit 1 to speed up the renewal speed of the organic liquid film 6 on the surface of the aqueous solution 7, and perform extraction.
  • This embodiment provides the use method of the present invention, and the extraction efficiency can be effectively improved through the automatic control of the control unit 1 .
  • the methods of accelerating the renewal speed of the organic liquid film 6 on the surface of the aqueous solution 7 in the above-mentioned step 2 include forward acceleration and reverse acceleration.
  • the control unit 1 In the forward acceleration, the control unit 1 is configured to control the driving mechanism A and the driving mechanism B. Driving speed and driving direction to avoid the collapse of the organic liquid film, in the reverse acceleration, the control unit 1 is configured to control the driving speed and driving direction of the driving mechanism A and the driving mechanism B to avoid the organic liquid film breaking.
  • the principle of avoiding the collapse of the organic liquid film is: when the organic liquid film collapses, the film pressure sensor 10 will suddenly detect the pressure increase of the organic liquid film, and the signal of the pressure change will be transmitted to the controller, and the controller will speed up the sliding barrier 3 The speed of moving inward or reducing the speed of lifting the hanging piece 4 to avoid further collapse of the organic liquid film; when the above-mentioned regulation is carried out many times, the controller can find out the best moving speed of the hanging piece 4 and the sliding barrier 3, According to this, an optimal use scheme can be set for different organic liquid films (that is, the moving speed of the hanging piece 4 and the sliding barrier 3 can be avoided when the organic liquid film collapses).
  • the principle of avoiding the breakage of the organic liquid film is: when the organic liquid film breaks, the film pressure sensor 10 will suddenly detect the pressure drop, and after this signal is transmitted to the controller, the controller will reduce the sliding speed of the sliding barrier 3 or reduce it.
  • the method of increasing the downward moving speed of the hanging piece 4 to avoid further breakage of the organic liquid film similarly, when the above-mentioned regulation is performed for many times, the controller can find out the best moving speed of the hanging piece 4 and the sliding barrier 3, and According to this, the best use scheme can be set for different organic liquid films (that is, the moving speed of the hanging piece 4 and the sliding barrier 3 can be avoided when the organic liquid film is broken).

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Abstract

一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法,涉及液-液溶剂萃取分离技术领域,萃取装置包括控制单元、反应槽、吊片提膜单元、滑障推拉单元,所述的反应槽内注入有水溶液,在水溶液上铺设有有机液膜,所述的滑障推拉单元包括设于有机液膜两侧的滑障、以及控制2个滑障相对运动的驱动机构A,所述的吊片提膜单元包括吊片,以及控制吊片上下运动的驱动机构B,所述的吊片沿纵向设置于2个滑障之间,所述的控制单元配置为可对驱动机构A、驱动机构B的驱动形式进行控制,并通过控制实现吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元的相互配合。本发明不但适用于一般的液-液溶剂萃,还适用于油相体积较小的液-液溶剂萃,并可显著提高萃取效率。

Description

一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法 技术领域
本发明涉及液-液溶剂萃取分离技术领域,具体涉及一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法。
背景技术
液-液溶剂萃取是重要的化工分离技术,具有选择性高、分离效果好、易操作和适用性强等优点,在石油、化工、制药、冶金、环保、生物工程及新材料制备等领域被广泛应用。
传统液液溶剂萃取技术主要有混合澄清萃取、塔/柱式萃取、离心萃取等,萃取反应主要发生在油水界面处,为了提高萃取反应速率,一般需要相对增大水油两触面积,提高界面更新速率,以促进萃取效率。但是现有的萃取装置难以实现水油界面的快速更新,萃取效率相对较低。
作为另一种情况,液-液溶剂萃取中的萃取溶剂体积较小时,更难以实现快速萃取。通常这种情况会采用机械搅拌分散的方式将小体积油相分散到大体积水相中(费维扬.液液萃取过程和设备.北京:原子能出版社,1993年),但该方法使用的相比范围并不大(一般水:油相比小于30)。对于易乳化体系来说,该方法不适用。
CN86107681A公开了一种油水两相经旋流混合器后分散小体积油相的方法设备,所述方法可将小体积的油相均匀分散到大体积水相中。但所述旋流混合器为静态混合器,油相被分散成小油滴萃取目标离子时,界面更新速率的提高紧靠水油两相的惯性力剪切,更新速率慢,影响萃取传质。
CN102512848A公开了一种大相比液液两相连续萃取装置。该装置采用液膜分散器将小体积的有机油相挤压形成有机油膜,将油膜分散到气泡表面,接触面积大,界面更新速率快。但是实际操作中,油膜包气泡结构不稳定,气泡表面的液膜易被剪切脱落进入水相。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的问题,本发明提供了一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法,该装置和方法不但适用于一般的液-液溶剂萃,还适用于油相体积较小的液-液溶剂萃,并可显著提高萃取效率。
为解决上述问题,本发明技术方案为:
一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,包括控制单元、反应槽、吊片提膜单元、滑障推拉单元,所述的反应槽内注入有水溶液,在水溶液上铺设有有机液膜,所述的滑障推拉单元包括设于有机液膜两侧的滑障、以及控制2个滑障相对运动的驱动机构A,所述的吊片提膜 单元包括吊片,以及控制吊片上下运动的驱动机构B,所述的吊片沿纵向设置于2个滑障之间,所述的控制单元配置为可对驱动机构A、驱动机构B的驱动形式进行控制,并通过控制实现吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元的相互配合。
优选的,所述的吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式包括:当驱动机构A驱动两侧的滑障向内侧移动并挤压有机液膜时,所述的驱动机构B驱动吊片向上提升,并在提升的过程中拉起一部分有机液膜向上脱离水溶液表面,当部分有机液膜脱离水溶液表面时,其余的有机液膜与水溶液之间形成剪切,水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度实现正向加快。
优选的,所述的吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式还包括:当驱动机构A驱动两侧的滑障向外侧移动时,所述的驱动机构B驱动吊片向下移动,并在向下移动的过程中使附着在吊片上有机液膜滑落入水溶液表面,当吊片上的有机液膜逐渐进入水溶液表面时,有机液膜与水溶液之间形成剪切,水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度实现反向加快。
优选的,所述的控制单元包括控制器、速度传感器、膜压传感器、以及位移传感器,所述的膜压传感器有2个,并分别设置于与有机液膜相对的滑障的内侧面,所述的滑障、吊片上均设有速度传感器和位移传感器,所述的速度传感器、膜压传感器、以及位移传感器分别与控制器信号连接。
优选的,所述的吊片为方形结构,且吊片的宽度与滑障的宽度相同;所述的驱动机构A为电动推杆A,所述的电动推杆A的固定端与反应槽的槽壁内表面固定连接,活塞杆端部与相对应的滑障的外侧端面固定连接;所述的驱动机构B为电动推杆B,所述的电动推杆B的固定端通过框架与反应槽的槽壁顶端固定连接,活塞杆端部与吊片的顶端固定连接。
优选的,所述的反应槽内设有多组相互配合使用的吊片提膜单元和滑障推拉单元。
一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置的使用方法,包括步骤1、在反应槽内注入水溶液,并在2个滑障之间的水溶液的上表面铺设有机液膜;步骤2、启动控制单元,通过控制单元控制吊片提膜单元、及滑障推拉单元加快水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度,并进行萃取。
优选的,所述的步骤2中加快水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度的方式包括正向加快和反向加快,在正向加快中,控制单元配置为通过控制驱动机构A和驱动机构B的驱动速度及驱动方向以避免有机液膜坍塌,在反向加快中,控制单元配置为通过控制器驱动机构A和驱动机构B的驱动速度及驱动方向以避免有机液膜断裂。
本发明一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置和使用方法具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明采用滑障推拉单元与吊片提膜单元可驱动水相表面有机液膜做推拉运动,实现对有机液膜更新速度的控制,提高了萃取效率。
(2)本发明采用滑障推拉单元与吊片提膜单元相配合,可实现对有机液膜更新过程的控 制,可防止有机液膜坍塌和断裂。
(3)本发明采用滑障推拉单元与吊片提膜单元相配合,可有效控制有机液膜的厚度。
(4)本发明实现了自动化控制萃取,不但使用方便,萃取效率高,还可适用于不同体积的有机液膜相的高效率萃取。
附图说明
图1、本发明的结构示意图;
1:控制单元,2:反应槽,3:滑障,4:吊片,5:电动推杆B,6:有机液膜,7:水溶液,8:框架,9:电动推杆A,10:膜压传感器。
具体实施方式
以下所述,是以阶梯递进的方式对本发明的实施方式详细说明,该说明仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非用于限定本发明的保护范围,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”“下”“左”“右”“顶”“底”“内”“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以及特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施例1、
一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,如图1所示,包括控制单元1、反应槽2、吊片提膜单元、滑障推拉单元,所述的反应槽2内注入有水溶液7,在水溶液7上铺设有有机液膜6,所述的滑障推拉单元包括设于有机液膜6两侧的滑障3、以及控制2个滑障3相对运动的驱动机构A,所述的吊片提膜单元包括吊片4,以及控制吊片4上下运动的驱动机构B,所述的吊片4沿纵向设置于2个滑障3之间,所述的控制单元1配置为可对驱动机构A、驱动机构B的驱动形式进行控制,并通过控制实现吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元的相互配合。
本实施例提供了本发明最基本的结构形式,通过上述设置,在控制单元1的控制下,吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元的相互配合协作,可使有机液膜的更新速度加快,从而有效提高萃取效率。
本实施例不但适用于具有较大体积的有机液膜6的情形,同样也适用于具有较小体积的有机液膜6的情形,由于2个滑障3之间的距离可调,在有机液膜6的体积较小时,仅需要缩小2个滑障3的距离,即可实现快速萃取。
实施例2、
在实施例1的基础上,本实施例做出了进一步改进,具体为:
所述的吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式包括:当驱动机构A驱动两侧的滑障3向内侧移动并挤压有机液膜6时,所述的驱动机构B驱动吊片4向上提升,并在提升的过程中拉起一部分的有机液膜6向上脱离水溶液表面,当部分有机液膜6脱离水溶液表面时,其余的有机液膜6与水溶液7之间形成剪切,水溶液7表面的有机液膜6的更新速度实现正向加快;
所述的吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式还包括:当驱动机构A驱动两侧的滑障3向外侧移动时,所述的驱动机构B驱动吊片4向下移动,并在向下移动的过程中使附着在吊片4上有机液膜6滑落入水溶液表面,当吊片4上的有机液膜6逐渐进入水溶液表面时,有机液膜6与水溶液7之间形成剪切,水溶液7表面的有机液膜6的更新速度实现反向加快。
本实施例对吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式做出了具体说明,在正向加快中,由于有机液膜的表面张力作用,在吊片向上提膜过程中形成拉力,促使水溶液表面的有机液膜6更新速度加快,而在反向加快中,由于吊片上的有机液膜对水溶液表面上的有机液膜的挤压,同样可以促使水溶液表面的有机液膜6的更新速度加快,在上述过程中,配合以滑障对有机液膜的挤压和牵拉,实现了对有机液膜的更新速度的控制。
有机液膜6的更新速度加快,必然导致萃取效率提高,而达到这种效果的原理在于吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元的相互配合。
实施例3、
在实施例2的基础上,本实施例做出了进一步改进,具体为:
如图1所示,所述的控制单元1包括控制器、速度传感器(图中未画出)、膜压传感器10、以及位移传感器(图中未画出),所述的膜压传感器10有2个,并分别设置于与有机液膜6相对的滑障3的内侧面,所述的滑障3、吊片4上均设有速度传感器(图中未画出)和位移传感器(图中未画出),所述的速度传感器、膜压传感器10、以及位移传感器分别与控制器信号连接。
本实施例中,控制器为常用技术,可以为计算机控制系统(包括硬件和软件),也可以为PLC控制器、控制电路板、控制芯片,而速度传感器用于感知滑障3、吊片4的运动速度,以方便进行速度调控,位移传感器用于对吊片4及滑障3的位移进行检测,方便于对吊片4及滑障3的位移距离进行调节,膜压传感器10则用于检测有机液膜6的压力,方便于对有机液膜6的厚度进行调节。
实施例4、
在实施例3的基础上,本实施例做出了进一步改进,具体为:
如图1所示,所述的吊片为方形结构,且吊片的宽度与滑障的宽度相同;所述的驱动机构A为电动推杆A9,所述的电动推杆A9的固定端与反应槽2的槽壁内表面固定连接,活塞杆端部与相对应的滑障3的外侧端面固定连接;所述的驱动机构B为电动推杆B5,所述的电动推杆B5的固定端通过框架8与反应槽2的槽壁顶端固定连接,活塞杆端部与吊片4的顶端固定连接。
本发明的吊片4的宽度与滑障3的宽度相同,可以使吊片与滑障之间紧密配合。
实施例5、
在实施例4的基础上,本实施例做出了进一步改进,具体为:
所述的反应槽内设有多组相互配合使用的吊片提膜单元和滑障推拉单元。
本实施例通过设置多组相互配合的吊片提膜单元和滑障推拉单元,可使本发明适合于大体积有机液膜的萃取。
实施例6、
在实施例5的基础上,本实施例做出了进一步改进,具体为:
一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置的使用方法,包括步骤1、在反应槽内注入水溶液7,并在2个滑障3之间的水溶液7的上表面铺设有机液膜6;步骤2、启动控制单元1,通过控制单元1控制吊片提膜单元、及滑障推拉单元加快水溶液7表面的有机液膜6的更新速度,并进行萃取。
本实施例提供了本发明的使用方法,通过控制单元1的自动化控制,可有效提高萃取效率。
实施例7、
在实施例6的基础上,本实施例做出了进一步改进,具体为:
所述的步骤2中加快水溶液7表面的有机液膜6的更新速度的方式包括正向加快和反向加快,在正向加快中,控制单元1配置为通过控制驱动机构A和驱动机构B的驱动速度及驱动方向以避免有机液膜坍塌,在反向加快中,控制单元1配置为通过控制器驱动机构A和驱动机构B的驱动速度及驱动方向以避免有机液膜断裂。
关于避免有机液膜坍塌的原理在于:当有机液膜坍塌时,膜压传感器10会突然检测到有机液膜的压力增大,压力变化的信号传递给控制器,控制器则通过加快滑障3向内侧移动的速度或降低吊片4上提的速度来避免进一步的有机液膜坍塌;当上述调控进行多次时,控制 器可摸索出最佳的吊片4、滑障3的移动速度,并可据此针对不同的有机液膜设置最佳的使用方案(即能避免有机液膜坍塌时,吊片4、滑障3的移动速度)。
关于避免有机液膜断裂的原理在于:当有机液膜断裂时,膜压传感器10会突然检测到压力降低,此信号传递给控制器后,控制器则通过降低滑障3向外滑动的速度或提高吊片4向下移动的速度的方式来避免有机液膜进一步断裂;同理,当上述调控进行多次时,控制器可摸索出最佳的吊片4、滑障3的移动速度,并可据此针对不同的有机液膜设置最佳的使用方案(即能避免有机液膜断裂时,吊片4、滑障3的移动速度)。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,其特征为:包括控制单元、反应槽、吊片提膜单元、滑障推拉单元,所述的反应槽内注入有水溶液,在水溶液上铺设有有机液膜,所述的滑障推拉单元包括设于有机液膜两侧的滑障、以及控制2个滑障相对运动的驱动机构A,所述的吊片提膜单元包括吊片,以及控制吊片上下运动的驱动机构B,所述的吊片沿纵向设置于2个滑障之间,所述的控制单元配置为可对驱动机构A、驱动机构B的驱动形式进行控制,并通过控制实现吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元的相互配合。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,其特征为:所述的吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式包括:当驱动机构A驱动两侧的滑障向内侧移动并挤压有机液膜时,所述的驱动机构B驱动吊片向上提升,并在提升的过程中拉起一部分有机液膜向上脱离水溶液表面,当部分有机液膜脱离水溶液表面时,其余的有机液膜与水溶液之间形成剪切,水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度实现正向加快。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,其特征为:所述的吊片提膜单元与滑障推拉单元之间相互配合的形式还包括:当驱动机构A驱动两侧的滑障向外侧移动时,所述的驱动机构B驱动吊片向下移动,并在向下移动的过程中使附着在吊片上有机液膜滑落入水溶液表面,当吊片上的有机液膜逐渐进入水溶液表面时,有机液膜与水溶液之间形成剪切,水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度实现反向加快。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,其特征为:所述的控制单元包括控制器、速度传感器、膜压传感器、以及位移传感器,所述的膜压传感器有2个,并分别设置于与有机液膜相对的滑障的内侧面,所述的滑障、吊片上均设有速度传感器和位移传感器,所述的速度传感器、膜压传感器、以及位移传感器分别与控制器信号连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,其特征为:所述的吊片为方形结构,且吊片的宽度与滑障的宽度相同;所述的驱动机构A为电动推杆A,所述的电动推杆A的固定端与反应槽的槽壁内表面固定连接,活塞杆端部与相对应的滑障的外侧端面固定连接;所述的驱动机构B为电动推杆B,所述的电动推杆B的固定端通过框架与反应槽的槽壁顶端固定连接,活塞杆端部与吊片的顶端固定连接。
  6. 如权利要求1-5任一所述的一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置,其特征为:所述的反应槽内设有多组相互配合使用的吊片提膜单元和滑障推拉单元。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的一种有机液膜界面剪切更新萃取装置的使用方法,包括步骤1、在反应槽内注入水溶液,并在2个滑障之间的水溶液的上表面铺设有机液膜;步骤2、启动控制单元,通过控制单元控制吊片提膜单元、及滑障推拉单元加快水溶液表面的有机液膜的 更新速度,并进行萃取。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的使用方法,其特征为:所述的步骤2中加快水溶液表面的有机液膜的更新速度的方式包括正向加快和反向加快,在正向加快中,控制单元配置为通过控制驱动机构A和驱动机构B的驱动速度及驱动方向以避免有机液膜坍塌,在反向加快中,控制单元配置为通过控制器驱动机构A和驱动机构B的驱动速度及驱动方向以避免有机液膜断裂。
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