WO2022143603A1 - 防倒灌充电电路及电子设备 - Google Patents

防倒灌充电电路及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022143603A1
WO2022143603A1 PCT/CN2021/141881 CN2021141881W WO2022143603A1 WO 2022143603 A1 WO2022143603 A1 WO 2022143603A1 CN 2021141881 W CN2021141881 W CN 2021141881W WO 2022143603 A1 WO2022143603 A1 WO 2022143603A1
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Prior art keywords
charging circuit
field effect
effect transistor
input
current
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PCT/CN2021/141881
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈光辉
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 维沃移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority to EP21914339.3A priority Critical patent/EP4274051A1/en
Publication of WO2022143603A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022143603A1/zh
Priority to US18/215,890 priority patent/US20230344251A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0034—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using reverse polarity correcting or protecting circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H02J7/007186—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage obtained with the battery disconnected from the charge or discharge circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/30—Charge provided using DC bus or data bus of a computer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This document relates to the technical field of charging, in particular to an anti-backflow charging circuit and electronic equipment.
  • the mobile terminal mainly manages the charging process between the adapter and the battery through the charging circuit, and the charging process is mainly divided into pre-charging, constant current, constant voltage and other processes.
  • This specification provides an anti-backflow charging circuit and electronic equipment, which can quickly and accurately identify the current backflow phenomenon of the battery, and effectively prevent the problem of battery output current backflow in the existing charging scheme.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an anti-backflow charging circuit, including: a charging circuit, an input current detection circuit, an output current detection circuit, and a control module;
  • the input end of the charging circuit is connected with the power adapter, and the output end of the charging circuit is connected with the battery;
  • the input current detection circuit is connected between the power adapter and the charging circuit for detecting the input current;
  • the output current detection circuit is connected between the charging circuit and the battery for detecting the output of the battery current;
  • the control module is respectively connected with the charging circuit, the input current detection circuit and the output current detection circuit, and is used for controlling the input current when it is detected that the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold.
  • the path between the input terminal and the output terminal of the charging circuit is disconnected.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, wherein the electronic device includes the anti-backflow charging circuit described in the first aspect.
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit is connected with the battery and the power adapter to form a charging loop
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit includes a charging circuit, an input current detection circuit, an output current detection circuit and a control module; the input of the charging circuit The terminal is connected with the power adapter, and the output terminal of the charging circuit is connected with the battery; the input current detection circuit is connected between the power adapter and the charging circuit to detect the input current; the output current detection circuit is connected between the charging circuit and the battery for The battery output current is detected; the control module is respectively connected with the charging circuit, the input current detection circuit and the output current detection circuit, and is used to control the charging circuit when it is detected that the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold.
  • the path between the input and output is broken.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention determines whether the charging circuit has current backflow by judging the magnitude of the input current and the battery output current, and when the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold, the current is likely to appear.
  • the path between the input end and the output end of the charging circuit is controlled to be disconnected in time, so that the rechargeable battery enters the suspended charging state, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of the current backflow state.
  • FIG. 1 is a specific structural schematic diagram of a switching charging circuit without adding an anti-backflow mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a second schematic structural diagram of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a third structural schematic diagram of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a fifth structural schematic diagram of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a sixth schematic structural diagram of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • first, second and the like in the description and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It is to be understood that the data so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein, and distinguish between “first”, “second”, etc.
  • the objects are usually of one type, and the number of objects is not limited.
  • the first object may be one or more than one.
  • “and/or” in the description and claims indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character “/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • the charging circuit uses four field effect transistors (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-EffectTransistor, MOSFET), namely Qusb , Q2, Q3 and Qbat, among which, Q2, Q3 and inductor L form a step-down conversion circuit (BUCK circuit) to control the voltage and current of the battery terminal.
  • Qusb is used for input current sampling and blocking battery voltage reverse leakage.
  • Qbat turns on during charging and turns off after charging is complete.
  • C2 and C3 are the input and output capacitors, respectively.
  • C4 and D1 constitute a bootstrap circuit, the purpose is to control the turn-on and turn-off of Q2 after boosting (that is, in the cut-off state).
  • the Buck usually detects the inductor current through the Low-side MOSFET (also known as "down tube”, that is, Q3 in the above figure).
  • the Low-side MOSFET also known as "down tube”, that is, Q3 in the above figure.
  • the duty cycle becomes smaller, the conduction time of Q3 becomes longer, and the inductance becomes longer.
  • the current is prone to negative current and backflow.
  • the zero-crossing detection of the lower tube Q3 is not accurate, it will also cause a reverse backflow problem.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an anti-backflow charging circuit.
  • the anti-backflow algorithm and logic are added to determine the charging system. Whether it is in an abnormal reverse boost state. If it is detected that the user has disconnected the charger and the system is in an abnormal reverse boost state, the charging will be terminated in time and reported to the system, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of backflow.
  • FIG. 2 is a first structural schematic diagram of an anti-backflow charging circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit may be provided in an electronic device to charge a battery in the electronic device.
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit 100 includes: a charging circuit 101 , an input current detection circuit 102 , an output current detection circuit 103 and a control module 104 ;
  • the input end of the charging circuit is connected to the power adapter 105, and the output end of the charging circuit is connected to the battery 106;
  • the input current detection circuit 102 is connected between the power adapter 105 and the charging circuit 101 for detecting the input current;
  • the output current detection circuit 103 is connected between the charging circuit 101 and the battery 106 for detecting the output current of the battery;
  • the control module 104 is respectively connected with the charging circuit 101, the input current detection circuit 102 and the output current detection circuit 103, and is used to control the charging circuit 101 when it is detected that the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold. The path between the input and output is broken.
  • the above-mentioned control module 104 can be integrated in a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) of the electronic device;
  • the charging circuit 101 is a core circuit that draws power from the power adapter 105 to charge the battery 106, and in the embodiment of the present application, the charging circuit
  • the structure and charging principle of 101 are not limited, but it needs to satisfy the circuit structure that has the possibility of output reverse inversion in the circuit structure.
  • the above-mentioned charging circuit 101 may specifically be any one of a switching charging circuit (the circuit structure shown in FIG. 1 ), a charge pump charging circuit and a three-stage buck converter charging circuit.
  • the switch-type charging circuit with an anti-backflow mechanism provided by the embodiment of the present application, namely the anti-backflow charging circuit, is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the charging circuit also includes an input current detection circuit 102 composed of an operational amplifier A1 and an output current detection circuit 103 composed of an operational amplifier A2.
  • the control module 104 is respectively connected to the output terminals of the operational amplifiers A1 and A2 and the gates of Q2 and Q3 of the switching charging circuit.
  • the operational amplifiers A1 and A2 respectively transmit the corresponding collected input current Ibus and battery output current Ibat to the control module 104 .
  • the definition is: if there is current flowing into the battery, that is, the battery is in a charged state, Ibat is marked as a negative current; on the contrary, if there is current flowing out of the battery, that is, the battery is in a state of discharge, then Ibat is marked is the forward current.
  • the judgment logic for judging whether the system is in an abnormal state of backflow is as follows:
  • the control module 104 After receiving the input current Ibus and the battery output current Ibat sent by the operational amplifiers A1 and A2, the control module 104 determines whether the input current Ibus is less than the first current threshold Ibus1 and whether the battery output current Ibat is greater than the second current threshold Ibat1; For the probability of misjudgment, the first current threshold Ibus1 may be set to a small value, such as 50 mA; the second current threshold Ibat1 may be set to 0 or a value greater than 0. If Ibus is less than Ibus1 and Ibat is greater than Ibat1, it is preliminarily considered that the current charging circuit 101 satisfies the preliminary conditions for backflow.
  • the control module 104 will directly control the charging circuit 101 to enter the suspended charging state.
  • the specific action of suspending the charging state is: control the Qusb tube to be turned off, that is, the switch charging is suspended, or control Q2 and Q3 to be turned off (such as turning off the gate driving voltage of Q2 and Q3), that is, the switch charging is stopped, and there is no current on the inductor L , so as to effectively avoid the current inflow at the output terminal.
  • the relationship between the input current, the battery output current and the preset current threshold is judged to determine whether the charging circuit has current backflow, and when the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold, that is, In the case that the current inversion state is likely to occur, the charging circuit should be controlled to enter the suspended charging state in time, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of the current inversion state.
  • the input terminal Vbus When it is detected that the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold, if the system is in a normal charging state, that is, the charger is not disconnected, even if the charging stops, the input terminal Vbus will still have a voltage ( For example, the battery is fully charged but the charger is not unplugged); if the system is in a reverse state, after disconnecting the path between the input and output of the charging circuit (such as controlling Qusb to turn off, or controlling Q2 and Q3 to turn off) , the input voltage cannot be maintained and will drop to 0V. Based on this, it is possible to determine whether the system is really in a reversed state by further detecting the magnitude of the input terminal voltage. The judgment mechanism can be used to distinguish whether the battery is currently full or the current inversion phenomenon, so as to realize more accurate identification and control of the current inversion phenomenon.
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit shown in FIG. 2 may further include: an input voltage detection circuit 107 connected between the power adapter 105 and the charging circuit 101 for detecting the input voltage;
  • the control module 104 is connected to the input voltage detection circuit 107, and is also used to determine that the charging circuit 101 is in the output current state if the input voltage is detected to be less than the voltage threshold after the path between the input terminal and the output terminal of the control charging circuit 101 is disconnected In the reverse charging state, the charging circuit 101 is controlled to exit the charging state, and an alarm signal that the charging circuit 101 has been disconnected is output.
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit shown in FIG. 3 further includes an input voltage detection circuit 107 composed of an operational amplifier A3 .
  • the control module 104 receives the input voltage Vbus sent by the operational amplifier A3, and when the input current Ibus is less than the first current threshold Ibus1 and the battery output current Ibat is greater than the second current threshold Ibat1, it is judged that the system satisfies the preliminary conditions for backflow, and controls the charging circuit 101 to suspend During the charging function, it can be further judged whether the input voltage Vbus at this time is less than the voltage threshold Vbus1 (0V, or a value close to 0V). Or after controlling Q2 and Q3 to turn off, the input voltage cannot be maintained, and will drop below the voltage threshold Vbus1, which is close to 0V.
  • control module 104 can output an alarm signal that the charging circuit 101 has been disconnected to the terminal system (eg, the central control unit CPU of the electronic device) to remind the user to re-trigger the charger to start the charging function.
  • the terminal system eg, the central control unit CPU of the electronic device
  • control module 104 is further configured to, after outputting the alarm signal that the charging circuit 101 has been disconnected, receive the control signal for resuming charging based on the feedback of the alarm signal, and control the charging circuit 101 to re-enter the charging state.
  • the control module 104 After receiving the alarm signal that the charging circuit 101 has been disconnected through the terminal system, the user can unplug the charger and then insert it into the charging stand again to trigger the charging circuit 101 to restart the charging function; or on the alarm signal interface that pops up in the terminal system Click "Resume Charging" in the middle to trigger the charging circuit 101 to restart the charging function.
  • the control module 104 After the control module 104 receives the resumption charging control signal fed back by the terminal system, it turns on the Qusb (that is, controls the Qusb to enter the conducting state), and simultaneously turns on Q2 and Q3 (that is, controls the Q2 and Q3 to work alternately), thereby realizing switching charging startup.
  • control module 104 is further configured to determine that the charging circuit 101 is not in the output current inversion state if it is detected that the input voltage is not less than the voltage threshold after the path between the input end and the output end of the control charging circuit 101 is disconnected , and control the charging circuit 101 to re-enter the charging state.
  • the charging circuit 101 when the input current Ibus is less than the first current threshold Ibus1 and the battery output current Ibat is greater than the second current threshold Ibat1, it is determined that the system meets the preliminary conditions for backflow, and the charging circuit is controlled 101 When the charging function is suspended, it can be further judged whether the input voltage Vbus at this time is less than the voltage threshold Vbus1 (0V, or a value close to 0V). If the input voltage Vbus is not less than the voltage threshold Vbus1, it means that the system is still in a normal charging state, and No current backflow occurs. At this time, the charging circuit 101 can be directly controlled to enter the charging state from the suspended charging state to continue charging the battery 106 .
  • the charging circuit 101 may include an input field effect transistor and a switch field effect transistor group;
  • control module 104 is used to control the input FET in the charging circuit 101 to turn off when it is detected that the input current is less than the first current threshold and the output current is greater than the second current threshold, or control the charging circuit 101
  • the switch FET group is turned off to control the path between the input terminal and the output terminal of the charging circuit 101 to be disconnected.
  • the FET at the input end can be turned off first, while the working state of the switch FET group is kept unchanged, and the connection between the input end and the output end of the charging circuit 101 can be quickly cut off.
  • the switch field effect transistor group is controlled to be turned off. If it is determined that the input voltage is not less than the voltage threshold, the input field effect transistor is controlled to be turned on, which can quickly restore the charging circuit 101. charging.
  • the input FET in the charging circuit 101 is controlled to be turned off
  • control module 104 is also used to control the switching field effect transistor group to be turned off after the path between the input end and the output end of the control charging circuit 101 is disconnected, if it is detected that the input voltage is less than the voltage threshold, so as to control the The charging circuit 101 exits the charging state; if it is detected that the input voltage is not less than the voltage threshold, the FET at the input terminal is controlled to be turned on, so as to control the charging circuit 101 to enter the charging state.
  • the above-mentioned control module 104 is also used to detect When the input voltage is not less than the voltage threshold, the switch FET group is controlled to start the charging operation (that is, the multiple FETs in the switch FET group are controlled to be turned on and off alternately), so as to control the charging circuit 101 to enter the charging state .
  • the above-mentioned switching field effect transistor group includes: a first field effect transistor (ie, the field effect transistor Q2 in FIG. 3 ) connected to the control module and a second field effect transistor Effect tube (ie, the FET Q3 in Figure 3);
  • the gates of the first field effect transistor and the second field effect transistor are both connected to the control module, the source electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected to the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor, and the drain electrode of the first field effect transistor is connected to the drain electrode of the second field effect transistor.
  • the source of the field effect transistor at the input end is connected, and the source of the second field effect transistor is grounded.
  • the above-mentioned switch field effect transistor group includes: a third field effect transistor (FIG. 6 or FIG. 7) connected to the control module FET Q1 in Figure 6), the fourth FET (FET Q2 in Figure 6 or Figure 7), the fifth FET (FET Q3 in Figure 6 or Figure 7) and the sixth FET tube (FET Q4 in Figure 6 or Figure 7);
  • the gates of the third field effect transistor, the fourth field effect transistor, the fifth field effect transistor and the sixth field effect transistor are all connected to the control module, and the source electrode of the third field effect transistor and the drain electrode of the fourth field effect transistor are all connected to the control module.
  • the source electrode of the fourth field effect transistor is connected to the drain electrode of the fifth field effect transistor
  • the source electrode of the fifth field effect transistor is connected to the drain electrode of the sixth field effect transistor
  • the drain electrode of the third field effect transistor is connected to the drain electrode of the sixth field effect transistor.
  • the source of the field effect transistor at the input end is connected, and the source of the sixth field effect transistor is grounded.
  • the charging circuit 101 is a step-down switching charging circuit, in FIG. 5, the input current Ibus is detected by the operational amplifier A1, the battery output current Ibat is detected by the operational amplifier A2, and the input voltage Vbus is detected by the operational amplifier A3 ;
  • the above-mentioned charging circuit 101 includes an input FET (ie Qusb) and a switch FET group (ie Q2 and Q3);
  • the above-mentioned way of controlling the disconnection of the path between the input end and the output end of the charging circuit 101 is to control the input end FET in the charging circuit to be turned off (ie, the Qusb to be turned off), or to control the switch in the charging circuit
  • the FET group is turned off (ie, Q2 and Q3 are turned off);
  • the FET at the input terminal is controlled to be turned off (ie, the Qusb is turned off), and if the input voltage is less than the voltage threshold, it is also necessary to control the switching field effect
  • the tube group is turned off (that is, Q2 and Q3 are turned off), so as to stop the charging state from the root;
  • the above-mentioned implementation manner of controlling the charging circuit 101 to enter the charging state is to control the conduction of the FET at the input end (ie, Qusb), and to control the switch FET group to start the charging operation (ie, Q2 and Q3 are turned on and off alternately).
  • this embodiment also provides an anti-backflow charging circuit formed when a charge pump charging circuit and a three-stage buck converter charging circuit are used as the charging circuit 101 in the embodiment of the present application (FIG. 6, FIG. 7),
  • the charging circuit 101 is used as the charge pump charging circuit, in FIG. 6 , the input current Ibus is detected by the operational amplifier A1, the battery output current Ibat is detected by the operational amplifier A2, and the input voltage Vbus is detected by the operational amplifier A3;
  • the above charging circuit 101 includes an input FET (ie Qusb) and a switch FET group (ie Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4);
  • the above-mentioned way of controlling the disconnection of the path between the input end and the output end of the charging circuit 101 is to control the input end FET in the charging circuit to be turned off (ie, the Qusb to be turned off), or to control the switch in the charging circuit
  • the FET group is turned off (ie Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are turned off);
  • the FET at the input terminal is controlled to be turned off (ie, the Qusb is turned off), and if the input voltage is less than the voltage threshold, it is also necessary to control the switching field effect
  • the tube group is turned off (that is, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are turned off), so as to stop the charging state from the source;
  • the above-mentioned implementation manner of controlling the charging circuit 101 to enter the charging state is: controlling the conduction of the field effect transistor (ie Qusb) at the input end, and controlling the switching field effect transistor group to start the charging operation (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are alternately turned on and off).
  • the charging circuit 101 is used as a three-stage buck converter charging circuit, in FIG. 7 , the input current Ibus is detected by the operational amplifier A1, the battery output current Ibat is detected by the operational amplifier A2, and the operational amplifier A3 is used to detect The input voltage Vbus; the above-mentioned charging circuit 101 includes an input FET (ie Qusb) and a switch FET group (ie Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4);
  • the above-mentioned way of controlling the disconnection of the path between the input end and the output end of the charging circuit 101 is to control the input end FET in the charging circuit to be turned off (ie, the Qusb to be turned off), or to control the switch in the charging circuit
  • the FET group is turned off (ie Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are turned off);
  • the FET at the input terminal is controlled to be turned off (ie, the Qusb is turned off), and if the input voltage is less than the voltage threshold, it is also necessary to control the switching field effect
  • the tube group is turned off (that is, Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are turned off), so as to stop the charging state from the source;
  • the above-mentioned implementation manner of controlling the charging circuit 101 to enter the charging state is: controlling the conduction of the field effect transistor (ie Qusb) at the input end, and controlling the switching field effect transistor group to start the charging operation (Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are alternately turned on and off).
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit is connected with a battery and a power adapter to form a charging loop
  • the anti-backflow charging circuit includes a charging circuit, an input current detection circuit, an output current detection circuit, and a control module;
  • the input end of the charging circuit is connected to the power adapter, and the output end of the charging circuit is connected to the battery;
  • the input current detection circuit is connected between the power adapter and the charging circuit to detect the input current;
  • the output current detection circuit is connected between the charging circuit and the battery.
  • the control module is respectively connected to the charging circuit, the input current detection circuit and the output current detection circuit, and is used to detect when the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold, The path between the input terminal and the output terminal of the control charging circuit is disconnected.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention determines whether the charging circuit has current backflow by judging the magnitude of the input current and the battery output current, and when the input current is less than the first current threshold and the battery output current is greater than the second current threshold, the current is likely to appear.
  • the charging circuit is controlled in time to enter the suspended charging state, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of the current reversed state.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes the anti-backflow in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments. charging circuit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种防倒灌充电电路及电子设备，其中，防倒灌充电电路包括：充电电路、输入电流检测电路、输出电流检测电路以及控制模块；充电电路的输入端与电源适配器连接，充电电路的输出端与电池连接；输入电流检测电路连接在电源适配器与充电电路之间，用于检测输入电流；输出电流检测电路连接在充电电路与电池之间，用于检测电池输出电流；控制模块分别与充电电路、输入电流检测电路和输出电流检测电路连接，用于当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值且电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制充电电路的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开。

Description

防倒灌充电电路及电子设备
交叉引用
本发明要求在2020年12月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202011629522.X、发明名称为“防倒灌充电电路及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本发明中。
技术领域
本文件涉及充电技术领域，尤其涉及一种防倒灌充电电路及电子设备。
背景技术
目前，移动终端主要是通过充电电路来管理适配器和电池之间的充电过程，充电过程主要分为预充、恒流、恒压等过程。
对于现有的移动终端的电池充电方案，由于控制模式的限制，在拔掉充电器的瞬间有一定概率会出现电流倒灌，导致拔掉充电器之后仍然显示在充电状态，给用户造成误导。
发明内容
本说明书提供了一种防倒灌充电电路及电子设备，能够实现快速、准确地识别出电池的电流倒灌现象，并有效防止现有充电方案中电池输出电流倒灌的问题。
为达到上述目的，本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种防倒灌充电电路，包括：充电电路、输入电流检测电路、输出电流检测电路以及控制模块；
所述充电电路的输入端与电源适配器连接，充电电路的输出端与电池连接；
所述输入电流检测电路连接在所述电源适配器与所述充电电路之间，用于检测输入电流；所述输出电流检测电路连接在所述充电电路与所述电池之 间，用于检测电池输出电流；
所述控制模块分别与所述充电电路、输入电流检测电路和输出电流检测电路连接，用于当检测到所述输入电流小于第一电流阈值、所述电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制所述充电电路的所述输入端和所述输出端之间的通路断开。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括第一方面所述的防倒灌充电电路。
在本申请实施例中，所述防倒灌充电电路与电池和电源适配器连接形成充电环路，其中防倒灌充电电路包括充电电路、输入电流检测电路、输出电流检测电路以及控制模块；充电电路的输入端与电源适配器连接，充电电路的输出端与电池连接；输入电流检测电路连接在电源适配器与充电电路之间，用于检测输入电流；输出电流检测电路连接在充电电路与电池之间，用于检测电池输出电流；控制模块分别与充电电路、输入电流检测电路和输出电流检测电路连接，用于当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制充电电路的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开。本发明提供的技术方案通过判断输入电流、电池输出电流的大小来判断充电电路是否发生电流倒灌，并在输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，即很可能出现电流倒灌状态的情况下，及时控制充电电路的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开，以使充电电池进入暂停充电状态，从而有效防止电流倒灌状态的发生。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本说明书一个或多个实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本说明书中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种未增加防倒灌机制的开关式充电电路的具体结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图一；
图3为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图二；
图4为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图三；
图5为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图四；
图6为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图五；
图7为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图六；
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本说明书的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本说明书一个或多个实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本文件的保护范围。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便本申请的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的那些以外的顺序实施，且“第一”、“第二”等所区分的对象通常为一类，并不限定对象的个数，例如第一对象可以是一个，也可以是多个。此外，说明书以及权利要求中“和/或”表示所连接对象的至少其中之一，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
如图1所示，给出了一种未增加防倒灌机制的开关式充电电路的具体结构示意图，该充电电路使用4个场效应管(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-EffectTransistor，MOSFET)，即Qusb、Q2、Q3和Qbat，其中，Q2、Q3和电感L组成一个降压式变换电路(BUCK电路)，控制电池端电压电流。Qusb用于输入电流采样以及阻断电池电压反向泄漏。Qbat在充电时导通，充电完成后关闭。C2和C3分别为输入和输出电容。C4和D1构成自举电路，目的是升压之后控制Q2的导通和关断(即处于截止状态)。
在恒压充电阶段，当电池接近满充的时候，电池电压逐渐接近充电截止电压，输入电流越来越小，Q2的占空比越来越小、下管Q3的占空比会越来越大，到一定程度之后为了避免电感L的能量反向漏至输入端，Q3会关断进入二极管模式，通过Q3的体二极管进行续流。但是，为了维持上管Q2的导通和关断，仍然需要间隔一定时间打开Q3对C4进行充电，当Q3打开的时 候，如果此时电感L的能量高于输入，就会出现反向电流倒灌至输入端，从而构成一个异常反向升压模式，即使终端用户断开了充电器，输入端的电压也会维持不掉，导致系统误以为充电器还没有断开，仍然显示在充电中，影响用户体验。
Buck通常会通过Low-side MOSFET(也称“下管”，即上图中的Q3)做电感电流检测，当Buck处于轻载模式时，占空比变小，Q3导通时间变长，电感电流容易出现负向电流产生倒灌，此时如果下管Q3的过零检测不准，也会导致出现反向倒灌问题。
针对上述充电电路的工作原理所产生的电流倒灌现象，本申请实施例提供一种防倒灌充电电路，通过与充电电路、电池连接的电压、电流检测电路，增加防倒灌算法和逻辑，判断充电系统是否处于异常反向升压状态。如果检测用户已经断开充电器并且系统处于异常反向升压状态，则及时终止充电并上报系统，从而有效防止倒灌的出现。
下面结合附图，通过具体的实施例及其应用场景对本申请方案进行详细地说明。
图2为本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路的结构示意图一，该防倒灌充电电路可以设置在电子设备中，用于为电子设备中的电池进行充电。如图2所示，该防倒灌充电电路100包括：充电电路101、输入电流检测电路102、输出电流检测电路103以及控制模块104；
所述充电电路的输入端与电源适配器105连接，充电电路的输出端与电池106连接；
输入电流检测电路102连接在电源适配器105与充电电路101之间，用于检测输入电流；输出电流检测电路103连接在充电电路101与电池106之间，用于检测电池输出电流；
控制模块104分别与充电电路101、输入电流检测电路102和输出电流检测电路103连接，用于当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开。
其中，上述控制模块104可以集成在电子设备的中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)中；充电电路101为从电源适配器105汲取电能为电池106充电的核心电路，本申请实施例中对充电电路101的结构以及充电原 理并不做限定，但需要满足在电路结构中，具备出现输出反向倒灌的可能性的电路结构。
在一具体实施例中，上述充电电路101具体可以是开关式充电电路(如图1中所示电路结构)、电荷泵充电电路和3级降压变换器充电电路中的任一种。
以图1所示充电电路为例，在此基础上，本申请实施例提供的增加防倒灌机制的开关式充电电路，即防倒灌充电电路如图2所示，该电路结构中除包含开关式充电电路外，还包括：由运算放大器A1构成的输入电流检测电路102、由运算放大器A2构成的输出电流检测电路103。控制模块104分别与运算放大器A1、A2的输出端以及开关式充电电路的Q2、Q3的栅极连接。
在充电过程中，运算放大器A1、A2分别将对应采集的输入电流Ibus和电池输出电流Ibat传送给控制模块104。为了方便区分电池输出电流Ibat的流向，定义：如果有电流流进电池、即电池处于充电状态，则标记Ibat为负向电流；反之，如果有电流流出电池、即电池处于放电状态，则标记Ibat为正向电流。通常，出现异常倒灌的时候，由于充电器(充电电路)已经断开，所以系统耗电都会从电池端取电，此时Ibat＞0；并且由于此升压是一个较弱的平衡，而且充电电路的输入端没有负载，所以Ibus的电流处于接近0的状态，基于此现象，本实施例给出的判断系统是否处于倒灌异常状态的判断逻辑如下：
控制模块104接收到运算放大器A1、A2发送的输入电流Ibus和电池输出电流Ibat后，判断输入电流Ibus是否小于第一电流阈值Ibus1、电池输出电流Ibat是否大于第二电流阈值Ibat1；其中，为了降低误判的概率，第一电流阈值Ibus1可以设置较小，比如50mA；第二电流阈值Ibat1可以设置为0或者大于0的值。如果Ibus小于Ibus1，且Ibat大于Ibat1，则初步认为当前充电电路101满足倒灌的初步条件，此时为了避免实际真的存在倒灌状态，控制模块104会直接控制充电电路101进入暂停充电状态。具体暂停充电状态的动作为：控制Qusb管关断，即开关充电暂停，或者控制Q2和Q3关断(如将Q2和Q3的栅极驱动电压关闭)，即开关充电停止，电感L上无电流，从而有效避免输出端电流倒灌。
本实施例通过判断输入电流、电池输出电流与预设电流阈值的大小关系，来判断充电电路是否发生电流倒灌，并在输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池 输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，即很可能出现电流倒灌状态的情况下，及时控制充电电路进入暂停充电状态，从而有效防止电流倒灌状态的发生。
在检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，此时如果系统处于正常充电状态，即充电器没有断开，则即使充电停止，输入端Vbus仍然会存在电压(例如，电池已充满但充电器未拔掉)；如果系统处于倒灌状态，在断开充电电路的输入端与输出端之间的通路(如控制Qusb关断、或者控制Q2和Q3关断)之后，输入电压无法维持，就会掉至0V。基于此，可以通过进一步检测输入端电压的大小来确定系统是否真正处于倒灌状态，即在判断输入电流和电池输出电流与各自对应的预设电流阈值的大小关系的基础上，增加针对输入端电压的判断机制，从而实现区分当前处于电池充满，还是处于电流倒灌现象，从而实现更加精准地识别出电流倒灌现象并控制。
基于此，进一步地，如图4所示，在图2所示防倒灌充电电路中还可以包括：连接在电源适配器105与充电电路101之间的输入电压检测电路107，用于检测输入电压；
控制模块104与输入电压检测电路107连接，还用于在控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开后，如果检测到输入电压小于电压阈值，则确定充电电路101处于输出电流倒灌状态，控制充电电路101的退出充电状态，并输出充电电路101已断开的报警信号。
具体地，延续图3中所示样例，如图5所示，在图3所示防倒灌充电电路中还包括由运算放大器A3构成的输入电压检测电路107。
控制模块104接收到运算放大器A3发送的输入电压Vbus，当基于输入电流Ibus小于第一电流阈值Ibus1、电池输出电流Ibat大于第二电流阈值Ibat1判断系统满足倒灌的初步条件，并控制充电电路101暂停充电功能时，可以进一步判断此时的输入电压Vbus是否小于电压阈值Vbus1(0V，或者接近0V的值)，如果输入电压Vbus小于电压阈值Vbus1，则表征系统处于倒灌状态，由于控制Qusb关断、或者控制Q2和Q3关断之后，输入电压无法维持，才会掉至电压阈值Vbus1以下，接近0V。
在判断发生电流倒灌后，控制模块104可向终端系统(如电子设备的中央控制单元CPU)输出充电电路101已断开的报警信号，以提醒用户从新触发充电器启动充电功能。
进一步地，控制模块104，还用于在输出充电电路101已断开的报警信号后，接收基于报警信号反馈的恢复充电控制信号，并控制充电电路101重新进入充电状态。
例如，用户通过终端系统接收到充电电路101已断开的报警信号后，可以将充电器拔下后再次插入充电座，以触发充电电路101从新启动充电功能；或者在终端系统弹出的报警信号界面中点击“恢复充电”来触发充电电路101从新启动充电功能。在控制模块104接收到终端系统反馈的恢复充电控制信号后，开启Qusb(即控制Qusb进入导通状态)，同时开启Q2、Q3(即控制Q2、Q3交替工作)，从而实现开关充电启动。
进一步地，控制模块104，还用于在控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开后，如果检测到输入电压不小于电压阈值，则确定充电电路101未处于输出电流倒灌状态，并控制充电电路101重新进入充电状态。
具体地，在如图3所示的防倒灌充电电路中，当基于输入电流Ibus小于第一电流阈值Ibus1、电池输出电流Ibat大于第二电流阈值Ibat1判断系统满足倒灌的初步条件，并控制充电电路101暂停充电功能时，可以进一步判断此时的输入电压Vbus是否小于电压阈值Vbus1(0V，或者接近0V的值)，如果输入电压Vbus不小于电压阈值Vbus1，则表征系统仍处于正常充电状态，并未发生电流倒灌，此时，可直接控制充电电路101由暂停充电状态从新进入充电状态，继续为电池106充电。
其中，针对防倒灌充电电路中的充电电路101的具体结构可以是，充电电路101包括输入端场效应管和开关场效应管组；
对应的，上述控制模块104，用于当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值且输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制充电电路101中的输入端场效应管关断，或者控制充电电路101中的开关场效应管组关断，以控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开。具体的，为了提高防倒灌现象的控制及时性，可以先将输入端场效应管关断，而保持开关场效应管组的工作状态不变，快速切断充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路，后续如果确定输入电压小于电压阈值，再控制开关场效应管组关断，如果确定输入电压不小于电压阈值，再控制输入端场效应管导通，这样还能够快速恢复充电电路101的充电状态。
进一步的，针对当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值且输出电流大于第 二电流阈值时，控制充电电路101中的输入端场效应管关断的情况；
对应的，上述控制模块104，还用于在控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开后，如果检测到输入电压小于电压阈值，控制开关场效应管组关断，以控制充电电路101退出充电状态；如果检测到输入电压不小于电压阈值，控制输入端场效应管导通，以控制充电电路101进入充电状态。
对应的，针对当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值且输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制充电电路101中的开关场效应管组关断的情况，上述控制模块104，还用于如果检测到输入电压不小于电压阈值，控制开关场效应管组启动充电工作(即控制开关场效应管组中的多个场效应管之间交替导通和关断)，以控制充电电路101进入充电状态。
在具体实施时，针对充电电路101为开关式充电电路的情况，上述开关场效应管组包括：与控制模块连接的第一场效应管(即图3中的场效应管Q2)和第二场效应管(即图3中的场效应管Q3)；
其中，第一场效应管和第二场效应管的栅极均与控制模块连接，第一场效应管的源极与第二场效应管的漏极连接，第一场效应管的漏极与输入端场效应管的源极连接，第二场效应管的源极接地。
在具体实施时，针对充电电路101为电荷泵充电电路或3级降压变换器充电电路的情况，上述开关场效应管组包括：与控制模块连接的第三场效应管(图6或图7中的场效应管Q1)、第四场效应管(图6或图7中的场效应管Q2)、第五场效应管(图6或图7中的场效应管Q3)和第六场效应管(图6或图7中的场效应管Q4)；
其中，第三场效应管、第四场效应管、第五场效应管和第六场效应管的栅极均与控制模块连接，第三场效应管的源极与第四场效应管的漏极连接，第四场效应管的源极与第五场效应管的漏极连接，第五场效应管的源极与第六场效应管的漏极连接，第三场效应管的漏极与输入端场效应管的源极连接，第六场效应管的源极接地。
具体的，针对充电电路101为降压式开关充电电路的情况，在图5中，通过运算放大器A1检测输入电流Ibus，通过运算放大器A2检测电池输出电流Ibat，以及通过运算放大器A3检测输入电压Vbus；上述充电电路101包括输入端场效应管(即Qusb)和开关场效应管组(即Q2和Q3)；
其中，上述控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开的实现 方式是：控制充电电路中的输入端场效应管关断(即Qusb关断)，或者控制充电电路中的开关场效应管组关断(即Q2和Q3关断)；
其中，针对在输入电流小于第一电流阈值且输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制输入端场效应管关断(即Qusb关断)，若输入电压小于电压阈值，则还需要控制开关场效应管组关断(即Q2和Q3关断)，从而实现从根源上停止充电状态；
其中，上述控制充电电路101进入充电状态的实现方式是：控制输入端场效应管(即Qusb)导通，以及控制开关场效应管组启动充电工作(即Q2和Q3交替导通和关断)。
另外，本实施例还提供了以电荷泵充电电路、3级降压变换器充电电路作为本申请实施例中充电电路101时所构成的防倒灌充电电路(图6、图7)，
具体的，针对采用充电电路101为电荷泵充电电路的情况，在图6中，通过运算放大器A1检测输入电流Ibus，通过运算放大器A2检测电池输出电流Ibat，以及通过运算放大器A3检测输入电压Vbus；上述充电电路101包括输入端场效应管(即Qusb)和开关场效应管组(即Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4)；
其中，上述控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开的实现方式是：控制充电电路中的输入端场效应管关断(即Qusb关断)，或者控制充电电路中的开关场效应管组关断(即Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4关断)；
其中，针对在输入电流小于第一电流阈值且输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制输入端场效应管关断(即Qusb关断)，若输入电压小于电压阈值，则还需要控制开关场效应管组关断(即Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4关断)，从而实现从根源上停止充电状态；
其中，上述控制充电电路101进入充电状态的实现方式是：控制输入端场效应管(即Qusb)导通，以及控制开关场效应管组启动充电工作(Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4交替导通和关断)。
具体的，针对采用充电电路101为3级降压变换器充电电路的情况，在图7中，通过运算放大器A1检测输入电流Ibus，通过运算放大器A2检测电池输出电流Ibat，以及通过运算放大器A3检测输入电压Vbus；上述充电电路101包括输入端场效应管(即Qusb)和开关场效应管组(即Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4)；
其中，上述控制充电电路101的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开的实现 方式是：控制充电电路中的输入端场效应管关断(即Qusb关断)，或者控制充电电路中的开关场效应管组关断(即Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4关断)；
其中，针对在输入电流小于第一电流阈值且输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制输入端场效应管关断(即Qusb关断)，若输入电压小于电压阈值，则还需要控制开关场效应管组关断(即Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4关断)，从而实现从根源上停止充电状态；
其中，上述控制充电电路101进入充电状态的实现方式是：控制输入端场效应管(即Qusb)导通，以及控制开关场效应管组启动充电工作(Q1、Q2、Q3和Q4交替导通和关断)。
其中除了电荷泵充电电路、3级降压变换器充电电路的其他电路结构以及工作原理均与图4中的对应电路结构相同，在此不做赘述。
本申请实施例提供的防倒灌充电电路，所述防倒灌充电电路与电池和电源适配器连接形成充电环路，其中防倒灌充电电路包括充电电路、输入电流检测电路、输出电流检测电路以及控制模块；充电电路的输入端与电源适配器连接，充电电路的输出端与电池连接；输入电流检测电路连接在电源适配器与充电电路之间，用于检测输入电流；输出电流检测电路连接在充电电路与电池之间，用于检测电池输出电流；控制模块分别与充电电路、输入电流检测电路和输出电流检测电路连接，用于当检测到输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制充电电路的输入端和输出端之间的通路断开。本发明提供的技术方案通过判断输入电流、电池输出电流的大小来判断充电电路是否发生电流倒灌，并在输入电流小于第一电流阈值、电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，即很可能出现电流倒灌状态的情况下，及时控制充电电路进入暂停充电状态，从而有效防止电流倒灌状态的发生。
进一步地，在暂停充电状态后，通过进一步判断输入电压的大小，来最终确定是否发生倒灌，使得判断结果更加准确。
进一步地，在图2-7中任一种所示的防倒灌充电电路结构的基础上，本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括上述实施例中任一种的防倒灌充电电路。
上面结合附图对本申请的实施例进行了描述，但是本申请并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，而不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的启示下，在不脱离本申请宗旨和权利要求 所保护的范围情况下，还可做出很多形式，均属于本申请的保护之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防倒灌充电电路，其中，包括：充电电路、输入电流检测电路、输出电流检测电路以及控制模块；
    所述充电电路的输入端与电源适配器连接，所述充电电路的输出端与电池连接；
    所述输入电流检测电路连接在所述电源适配器与所述充电电路之间，用于检测输入电流；所述输出电流检测电路连接在所述充电电路与所述电池之间，用于检测电池输出电流；
    所述控制模块分别与所述充电电路、输入电流检测电路和输出电流检测电路连接，用于当检测到所述输入电流小于第一电流阈值且所述电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制所述充电电路的所述输入端和所述输出端之间的通路断开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，还包括：连接在所述电源适配器与所述充电电路之间的输入电压检测电路，用于检测输入电压；
    所述控制模块与所述输入电压检测电路连接，还用于在控制所述充电电路的所述输入端和所述输出端之间的通路断开后，如果检测到所述输入电压小于电压阈值，输出所述充电电路已断开的报警信号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，所述控制模块，还用于在输出所述充电电路已断开的报警信号后，接收基于所述报警信号反馈的恢复充电控制信号，控制所述充电电路进入充电状态。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，所述控制模块，还用于在控制所述充电电路的所述输入端和所述输出端之间的通路断开后，如果检测到所述输入电压不小于所述电压阈值，控制所述充电电路进入充电状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，所述充电电路包括输入端场效应管和开关场效应管组；
    所述控制模块，用于当检测到所述输入电流小于第一电流阈值且所述电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制所述输入端场效应管关断，或者控制 所述开关场效应管组关断，以控制所述充电电路的所述输入端和所述输出端之间的通路断开。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，若当检测到所述输入电流小于第一电流阈值且所述电池输出电流大于第二电流阈值时，控制所述输入端场效应管关断；
    所述控制模块，还用于在控制所述充电电路的所述输入端和所述输出端之间的通路断开后，如果检测到所述输入电压小于电压阈值，控制所述开关场效应管组关断，以控制所述充电电路退出充电状态；如果检测到所述输入电压不小于电压阈值，控制所述输入端场效应管导通，以控制所述充电电路进入充电状态。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，所述充电电路为开关式充电电路、电荷泵充电电路和3级降压变换器充电电路中的任一种。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，所述充电电路为开关式充电电路，所述开关场效应管组包括：与所述控制模块连接的第一场效应管和第二场效应管；
    所述第一场效应管和所述第二场效应管的栅极均与所述控制模块连接，所述第一场效应管的源极与所述第二场效应管的漏极连接，所述第一场效应管的漏极与所述输入端场效应管的源极连接，所述第二场效应管的源极接地。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的防倒灌充电电路，其中，所述充电电路为电荷泵充电电路或3级降压变换器充电电路，所述开关场效应管组包括：与所述控制模块连接的第三场效应管、第四场效应管、第五场效应管和第六场效应管；
    所述第三场效应管、所述第四场效应管、所述第五场效应管和所述第六场效应管的栅极均与所述控制模块连接，所述第三场效应管的源极与所述第四场效应管的漏极连接，所述第四场效应管的源极与所述第五场效应管的漏极连接，所述第五场效应管的源极与所述第六场效应管的漏极连接，所述第三场效应管的漏极与所述输入端场效应管的源极连接，所述第六场效应管的 源极接地。
  10. 一种电子设备，其中，所述电子设备包括权利要求1-9中任一项所述的防倒灌充电电路。
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