WO2022142567A1 - 缓解装置及停放制动缸 - Google Patents

缓解装置及停放制动缸 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022142567A1
WO2022142567A1 PCT/CN2021/122580 CN2021122580W WO2022142567A1 WO 2022142567 A1 WO2022142567 A1 WO 2022142567A1 CN 2021122580 W CN2021122580 W CN 2021122580W WO 2022142567 A1 WO2022142567 A1 WO 2022142567A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
relief
wedge
parking
cavity
piston
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/122580
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
覃立伟
刘玉萍
刘同新
刁有彬
徐少亭
Original Assignee
中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202110001998.7A external-priority patent/CN112833119B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110001861.1A external-priority patent/CN112797095B/zh
Application filed by 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 filed Critical 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司
Publication of WO2022142567A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022142567A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
    • B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of rail transit vehicle braking, and relates to a rail vehicle braking device, in particular, to a mitigation device and a parking brake cylinder.
  • the braking devices for rail transit vehicles all have the function of parking brake. Most of the parking brakes are applied by compression springs.
  • the working principle of the parking brake is: charging the parking cylinder with compressed air to relieve the parking brake and discharging the compressed air.
  • the parking brake is applied by compression spring force. In exceptional circumstances, the parking brake needs to be manually relieved by manual means in the absence of wind.
  • the Chinese utility model device with the authorization announcement number CN206409553U discloses a manual relief device for a vehicle parking cylinder.
  • the device includes a hand relief body fixed on the outer wall of the parking cylinder, the hand relief body has a cavity, and a pull pin is arranged in the cavity.
  • the pull pin is composed of a pull pin rod body and a pull pin main body.
  • the pull pin rod body is provided with a pull pin return spring, and the pull pin body is provided with a gap.
  • the upper part of the gap wall is a circular arc surface, and the lower part of the gap wall is an inclined surface.
  • a rolling element is arranged in the gap, the rolling element is connected with a pull hook, and the pull hook penetrates into the parking cylinder through the axial groove of the pull pin and the opening of the parking cylinder.
  • the hook is provided with a hook return spring. The device transmits the input force through the slope of the pull pin.
  • the present application provides a mitigation device and a parking brake cylinder.
  • a mitigation device provided by this application includes:
  • a relief body with a relief cavity inside, and one end of the relief body is provided with an air inlet that communicates with the relief cavity;
  • a hand wedge one end of which is provided with a through hole on the circumference is set in the relief cavity, and the other end extends out of the relief body; the hand wedge set in the relief cavity is provided with the spine The wedge-shaped working surface of the claw assembly;
  • a first elastic member arranged in the relief cavity, between the hand relief wedge and the relief body;
  • a limiter arranged on the inner wall of the relief body
  • the relief piston is arranged in the relief cavity and is connected with the hand wedge to form an isolation cavity.
  • the relief piston is provided with a ventilation hole connecting the relief cavity and the isolation cavity, and the diameter of the ventilation hole is smaller than the aperture of the air inlet;
  • an isolation piston which is arranged in the isolation cavity, and a tapered surface matched with the sliding member is provided outside the isolation piston;
  • the second elastic member is arranged in the isolation cavity and located between the isolation piston and the hand wedge.
  • the relief device further includes a first sealing member, and the first sealing member is provided between the relief piston and the relief body.
  • a second sealing member is further included, and the second sealing member is provided between the relief piston and the isolation piston.
  • the hand wedge and the relief piston are connected together by means of interference press fitting or bonding or threading, and the relief piston and the hand wedge are coaxial.
  • the hand wedge includes:
  • the first end of the hand-pulling body is set in the relief cavity, and the second end of the hand-pulling body extends out of the relief body;
  • the wedge body arranged in the relief cavity, the first end of the wedge body is connected with the first end of the hand-pulled body, and the through hole is arranged on the circumference of the second end of the wedge body On the wedge, the wedge-shaped working surface is located on the wedge.
  • the pawl assembly includes a pawl and a bearing provided in the relief cavity, a first end of the pawl can cooperate with a ratchet in the parking brake cylinder, the pawl The second end of the claw is connected to the bearing through the relief body, and the bearing cooperates with the wedge-shaped running surface.
  • the relief device further includes a third elastic member, and the third elastic member is located between the relief body and a boss provided near the first end of the pawl.
  • the mitigation device further includes a damping member disposed in the isolation cavity, located between the isolation piston and the hand wedge or the mitigation piston, and connected to the second The elastic pieces are arranged side by side.
  • the second embodiment of the present application further provides a parking brake cylinder, which includes a parking cylinder cavity and a brake cylinder cavity, and also includes the above relief device, the relief device is installed on the parking cylinder cavity, and an air inlet of the relief device is communicates with the parking cylinder cavity.
  • the parking brake cylinder includes:
  • a brake piston arranged in the brake cylinder cavity
  • the parking cylinder body and the intermediate body form the parking cylinder cavity, and two sealed chambers are arranged in the parking cylinder cavity;
  • Force transmission unit including:
  • a force transmission assembly placed in the parking cylinder cavity, the force transmission assembly comprising a parking screw, a parking nut sleeved on the outside of the parking screw, and a ratchet sleeved at one end of the parking screw;
  • At least two dowel rods are arranged symmetrically, the first end of the dowel rod is connected to the brake piston, and the second end of the dowel rod is connected to the parking nut through the intermediate body;
  • a compression spring sleeved on the dowel rod, and arranged between the intermediate body and the parking nut;
  • At least two parking pistons are symmetrically mounted on the parking nut, and each of the parking pistons is correspondingly arranged with one of the sealing chambers;
  • the relief device is matched with the ratchet.
  • the mitigation device of the present application can switch the mitigation device to the release state through inflation, and can also switch the mitigation device to the release state by manual mitigation. Park brake. After the mitigation device is manually switched to the release state, it can be locked in the release state, so as to prevent the mitigation device from accidentally switching to the locked state when the mitigation device is charged and exhausted by mistake.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mitigation device according to a first embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a state diagram of a mitigation device according to an embodiment of the application, wherein the mitigation device is switched to a release state through inflation;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of part B in Fig. 2;
  • Figure 5 is a state diagram of a mitigation device according to an embodiment of the application, wherein the compressed air in the mitigation chamber is expelled so that the mitigation device is in a locked state;
  • Fig. 6 is the enlarged view of A part among Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a state diagram of a mitigation device according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the mitigation device is manually switched to a release state;
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of part A in Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a side view of the parking brake cylinder provided by the second embodiment of the application, wherein the relief device is in a released state;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view along section line A-A of FIG. 9;
  • first and second are only used for description purposes, and cannot be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • a feature defined as “first” or “second” may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated connection.
  • Ground connection it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two elements.
  • a mitigation device provided for an embodiment of the application, mounted on a parking brake cylinder, includes:
  • the mitigation body 1 is provided with a mitigation cavity 101, and one end of the mitigation body 1 is provided with an air inlet 102 that communicates with the mitigation cavity 101;
  • the hand wedge 2 one end of which is provided with a through hole 3 on the circumference is set in the relief cavity 101, and the other end extends out of the relief body 1; Wedge-shaped working surface 201;
  • the first elastic member 4 is arranged in the relief cavity 101, between the hand relief wedge 2 and the relief body 1;
  • the sliding member 501 is arranged in the through hole 3;
  • the limiting member 502 is arranged on the inner wall of the relief body 1;
  • the relief piston 6 is arranged in the relief chamber 101, and is connected with the hand wedge 2 to form an isolation chamber 7.
  • the relief piston 6 is provided with a ventilation hole 601 connecting the relief chamber 101 and the isolation chamber 7, and the aperture of the ventilation hole 601 is smaller than the air inlet. 102 aperture;
  • the isolation piston 8 is arranged in the isolation cavity 7, and the outside of the isolation piston 8 is provided with a tapered surface 801 that cooperates with the sliding member 5;
  • the second elastic member 9 is arranged in the isolation chamber 7 and is located between the isolation piston 8 and the hand wedge 2 .
  • the wedge-shaped working surface 201 is low on the left and high on the right, the right side of the wedge-shaped working surface 201 connecting with the wedge-shaped working surface 201 is a horizontal plane; the tapered surface 801 of the isolation piston is high on the left and low on the right.
  • the relief device in FIG. 2 when the air inlet 102 is filled with compressed air not lower than the set pressure, the pawl assembly can be disengaged from the ratchet wheel arranged in the parking brake cylinder, and the relief device is in the release state. state.
  • the compressed air in the relief chamber 101 pushes the relief piston 6 to move to the left, and at the same time drives the hand wedge 2 to move to the left, thereby compressing the first elastic member 4, and pushing the pawl assembly to move upward along the wedge-shaped working surface 201, and the hand lever 2 moves to the left.
  • the pawl assembly runs along the wedge-shaped working surface 201 to the horizontal plane, so that the relief device enters the release state, and at the same time, the through hole 3 is aligned with the limit member 502, and the compressed air pushes the isolation piston 8 to move to the left , and then close to the hand wedge 2, compress the second elastic member 9, and the tapered surface 801 of the isolation piston makes the gap between it and the through hole 3 larger, so the isolation piston 8 no longer squeezes the sliding member 501, and the sliding member 501 retreats to the through hole 3. inside hole 3.
  • Figure 2 is only an embodiment of the relief device.
  • the inclination directions of the wedge-shaped working surface and the tapered surface are adaptively adjusted according to the cooperation relationship between the relief device and the ratchet.
  • the relief piston 6 and the isolation piston 8 push the hand wedge 2 to move to the left, and drive the pawl assembly to disengage the ratchet.
  • the sliding member 501 moves along the axial direction of the hole in the through hole 3, and when the hand wedge 2 is in the relieved position, the sliding member 501 may be extruded outward to lock the hand wedge 2, or return inward. Retracting releases the lock of the opponent's wedge 2, and completes the locking and unlocking of the release state of the release device.
  • the relief device can convert the axial movement of the isolation piston 8 into the radial movement of the sliding member 501 , so as to achieve a large radial locking force with a small axial force, and ensure the reliability of locking.
  • the aforesaid relief device further includes a first sealing member 10 , and the first sealing member 10 is provided between the relief piston 6 and the relief body 1 .
  • the first sealing member is a sealing ring
  • the sealing ring can be an O-ring, a K-ring, or a sealing ring with other cross-sectional shapes.
  • the sealing ring can be installed on the relief piston or on the relief body. , used to seal the gap between the relief piston and relief body.
  • the above relief device further includes a second seal 11 , and the second seal 11 is provided between the relief piston 6 and the isolation piston 8 .
  • the second seal is a sealing ring
  • the sealing ring can be an O-ring, a K-ring, or a sealing ring with other cross-sectional shapes.
  • the sealing ring can be installed on the relief piston or on the isolation piston. , used to seal the gap between the relief piston and the isolation.
  • the hand wedge and the relief piston are connected together by interference press fitting or bonding or threading, and the relief piston and the hand wedge are coaxial to ensure the assembly of the relief piston and the hand wedge. After the overall movement.
  • the hand wedge 2 includes:
  • the hand-pull body 202, the first end of the hand-pull body is set in the relief cavity 101, and the second end of the hand-pull body extends out of the relief body 1;
  • the wedge 203 is arranged in the relief cavity 101, the first end of the wedge is connected with the first end of the pull body 202, the through hole 3 is arranged on the circumference of the second end of the wedge, the The wedge-shaped working surface 201 is located on the wedge body 203 .
  • a blocking portion 204 is further provided at the connecting portion of the pull body 202 and the wedge body 203 , and the first elastic member 4 is sleeved on the outside of the pull body 202 and is restricted between the blocking portion 204 and the relief body 1 . between.
  • the blocking portion 204 can compress the first elastic member 4 .
  • the pawl assembly includes a pawl 12 and a bearing 13 disposed in the relief cavity 101 .
  • the first end of the pawl 12 is tooth-shaped and cooperates with the ratchet wheel, and the second end of the pawl 12 passes through
  • the over relief body 1 and the wedge body 203 are connected with the bearing 13 , and the bearing 13 is matched with the wedge-shaped working surface 201 .
  • the aforementioned relief device further includes a third elastic member 14 , and the third elastic member 14 is located between the relief body 1 and the boss 15 provided near the first end of the pawl.
  • the ratchet assembly is pressed against the wedge-shaped working surface 201 of the hand wedge through the third elastic member 14, so that the ratchet assembly can be reset easily.
  • the bearing 13 is pressed on the wedge-shaped working surface 201 of the hand wedge through the pawl 12 and the third elastic member 14 , and the bearing 13 can roll along the wedge-shaped working surface 201 when the hand wedge 2 moves left and right, and then with the The height of the wedge-shaped working surface 201 is lifted up or moved down, which drives the pawl 12 to lift up or move down, so as to realize the separation or cooperation between the pawl 12 and the ratchet wheel. 12 On downward movement, the locking of the ratchet is restored.
  • the above-mentioned relief device further includes a damping member, which is arranged in the isolation chamber 7 , is located between the isolation piston 8 and the hand wedge 2 , and is arranged in parallel with the second elastic member 9 .
  • the second sealing member is made of rubber material. Therefore, the second sealing member can also play the role of delaying the movement of the damping member, and can also be regarded as a damping member.
  • the first elastic member 4 , the second elastic member 9 and the third elastic member 14 are all return springs.
  • the sliding member 501 is a steel ball, but it is not limited to a steel ball, and may also be other structures such as a columnar body.
  • the limiting body 502 is a groove provided on the inner wall of the mitigation body 1 , but is not limited to the groove, and may also be a baffle installed on the inner wall of the mitigation body 1 .
  • the sliding member 501 is used in cooperation with the limiting body 502 to achieve locking and relief of the release state of the relief device.
  • the locking of the release state of the release device means that filling the release chamber with a medium lower than the set pressure will not cause the release device to switch from the release state to the lock state.
  • the compressed air is charged into the relief chamber 101 of the relief device through the air inlet 102.
  • the compressed air pushes the relief piston 6 to move leftward, and at the same time drives the hand relief wedge 2 to move leftward, thereby compressing the first elastic member 4, and push the pawl assembly to move upward along the wedge-shaped working surface 201 of the hand wedge, so that the pawl 12 moves upward, so that the pawl is separated from the ratchet, and the relief device enters the locked state.
  • the compressed air entering from the vent hole 601 pushes the isolation piston 8 to move to the left, compresses the hand wedge 2 and compresses the second elastic member 9, and the gap between the cone surface 801 of the isolation piston and the through hole 3 becomes larger, so it is no longer squeezed.
  • Steel ball the steel ball returns to the through hole 3 of the hand wedge.
  • the pawl assembly moves downward along the wedge-shaped working surface 201 of the hand wedge, the pawl assembly restores the locking of the ratchet wheel, and the relief device enters the locked state.
  • the setting of the vent hole makes the asynchronous movement of the relief piston and the isolation piston during the charging and exhausting process, so as to ensure that the hand wedge is not locked during the exhausting process of the relief device, so that the relief device is switched from the released state to the locked state.
  • the limiting member 502 which restricts the hand wedge 2 from moving to the right, keeps the hand wedge 2 in the relieved position, and the alleviation device is locked in the release state.
  • the steel ball since the steel ball is blocked by the limiting member 502, the hand wedge 2 cannot move to the right, and if the compressed air entering the relief device is not enough for the isolation piston 8 to compress the second elastic member 9, the steel ball returns to the through hole 3, the mitigation device cannot be switched from the released state to the locked state.
  • the relief device is filled with compressed air with a certain pressure value, the second elastic member 9 is compressed, the steel ball is returned to the through hole 3, and when the air is exhausted again, the ventilation hole 3 controls the compressed air in the isolation piston 8 Slowly discharge, the steel ball is still in the through hole 3 of the hand wedge 2, and the hand wedge 2 can move to the right under the action of the first elastic member 4, so that the pawl assembly moves downward along its own axis direction, locking Ratchet, the relief device goes into a locked state.
  • the relief device provided in this embodiment can switch the state of the relief device through inflation (inflatable relief), or manually switch the state of the relief device (manual relief), and can switch the relief device state (manual relief) according to the pressure signal in the relief device (that is, the hand wedge movement
  • the hand wedge can be locked in the release position, so that the release device is always released until the next release device is filled with a certain pressure of compressed air, the second elastic
  • the piece is compressed again, so that the steel ball returns to the through hole, and the limit piece releases the lock of the rightward movement of the hand wedge, and the relief device can be switched from the release state to the lock state during the next exhaust, and the lock in the release state can be effectively
  • the mitigation device is not unexpectedly switched to the locked state, and the release state of the mitigation device is guaranteed to be stable and reliable in the manual mitigation switching mode.
  • the second embodiment of the present application provides a parking brake cylinder, which includes a parking cylinder cavity and a brake cylinder cavity connected to the parking cylinder cavity, and also includes the mitigation described in the first embodiment.
  • the relief device is installed on the parking cylinder cavity, and the air inlet of the relief device is communicated with the parking cylinder cavity, so that the air pressure in the relief device can be kept consistent with that in the parking cylinder cavity, and the vent hole introduces the compressed air into the isolation piston And control the rate of charge and exhaust of the isolated piston.
  • the air inlet of the relief cavity is communicated with the parking cylinder cavity, so that the parking cylinder cavity can be charged and exhausted synchronously with the relief cavity, thereby realizing the synergistic effect of the parking brake cylinder and the relief device.
  • the parking cylinder cavity is generally in a state of air filling and relief, that is, the parking cylinder cavity is filled with compressed air not lower than its working pressure. A certain pressure of compressed air will be filled into it, so that the pawl is released from the ratchet, and the relief device is in a released state.
  • the rotation of the ratchet is not restricted, and the parking brake cylinder cannot apply the parking brake force, but the brake cylinder cavity is filled with compressed air, and the parking brake cylinder can apply the service brake.
  • the compressed air in the parking cylinder cavity is emptied, and the compressed air in the mitigation cavity of the mitigation device is also emptied, and the mitigation device enters the locked state.
  • the cavity is filled with compressed air, and the parking brake cylinder can apply the parking brake.
  • the situations in which the mitigation device needs to be locked in the released state are: when the vehicle applying the parking brake fails and cannot fill the mitigation cavity with compressed air, so that the mitigation device is switched from the locked state to the released state, the faulty vehicle needs to be rescued. It is necessary to manually relieve the parking brake and isolate the parking cylinder cavity of the faulty vehicle to ensure that the accidental charging and exhausting in the relieving cavity will not produce the parking brake effect, which can prevent the parking brake from being accidentally applied and cause vehicle damage, but the parking The power cylinder can still apply the service braking force through the brake screw to ensure that the faulty vehicle can apply the service braking force during rescue.
  • the hand wedge of the relief device is locked in the relief position, so that the relief device is always in the released state, that is, the parking cylinder cavity is isolated, and the parking brake cannot be applied until the next time the parking cylinder cavity is filled to a low level
  • the second elastic member is compressed again, so that the steel ball returns to the through hole, the limiter releases the lock of the rightward movement of the hand wedge, and the relief device automatically returns to the state where the parking cylinder cavity is not isolated.
  • the parking brake cylinder can continue to apply the parking brake and relieve the parking.
  • the isolation effect of the mitigation device on the parking cylinder cavity can effectively prevent the accidental charging and exhausting of the parking cylinder cavity under rescue conditions, resulting in the accidental application of the parking brake, ensuring that the release state of the mitigation device is stable and reliable.
  • the parking brake cylinder includes:
  • the brake cylinder block 17 forms a brake cylinder cavity with the intermediate body
  • the brake piston 18 is arranged in the brake cylinder cavity
  • the parking cylinder 19 and the intermediate body 16 form a parking cylinder cavity, and two sealing chambers 1901 are arranged in the parking cylinder;
  • Force transmission unit including:
  • the force transmission component is placed in the parking cylinder cavity, and the force transmission component includes a parking screw 2001, a parking nut 2002 sleeved on one end of the parking screw, and a ratchet 2003 sleeved on the other end of the parking screw 2001;
  • Two dowel rods 2004 are arranged symmetrically, the first end of the dowel rod 2004 is connected to the brake piston, and the second end of the dowel rod 2004 is connected to the parking nut through the intermediate body;
  • the compression spring 21 is sleeved on the dowel rod, and is arranged between the intermediate body and the parking nut;
  • the two parking pistons 22 are symmetrically mounted on the parking nut and are arranged corresponding to the sealing chamber; the parking pistons move axially in the sealing chamber when they act;
  • the relief device cooperates with the ratchet wheel 2003 to control the rotation of the ratchet wheel 2003 , thereby controlling the relative rotation of the parking screw 2001 and the parking nut 2002 .
  • the number of dowel rods, parking pistons, and sealing chambers may be more than two, as long as the three are evenly arranged along the circumference, and the number of parking pistons and sealing chambers corresponds one-to-one.

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Abstract

一种缓解装置，包括：棘爪组件；设有进气口（102）的缓解体（1），内设缓解腔（101）；手缓楔（2），其圆周上设有通孔（3）的一端设于缓解腔（101）内，另一端伸出缓解体（1）；手缓楔（2）位于缓解腔（101）部分设有楔形工作面（201）；第一弹性件（4），设于手缓楔（2）与缓解腔（101）之间；滑动件（501），设于通孔（3）内；限位件（502），设于缓解体（1）内壁上；缓解活塞（6），设于缓解腔（101）内，与手缓楔（2）连接形成隔离腔（7），缓解活塞（6）上设有孔径小于进气口（102）的通气孔（601）；外部设有锥面的隔离活塞（8），设于隔离腔（7）内；设于隔离腔（7）内，位于隔离活塞（8）与手缓楔（2）之间的第二弹性件（9）。还提供包括缓解装置的停放制动缸。

Description

缓解装置及停放制动缸
本申请要求在2021年01月04日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110001998.7、发明名称为“停放手动缓解装置及停放制动缸”；2021年01月04日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110001861.1、发明名称为“停放制动缸及制动夹钳单元”；的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于轨道交通车辆制动技术领域，涉及轨道车辆制动装置，具体地说，涉及一种缓解装置及停放制动缸。
背景技术
轨道交通车辆用制动装置都具有停放制动功能，其中，大部分停放制动由压缩弹簧施加，其停放制动的工作原理为：向停放缸充入压缩空气停放制动缓解，排出压缩空气靠压缩弹簧力施加停放制动。在非常情况下，需要在无风的情况下通过手动装置人工缓解停放制动。
授权公告号为CN206409553U的中国实用新型装置公开了一种车辆停放缸的手动缓解装置，该装置包括固定在停放缸外壁上的手缓解本体，手缓解本体具有腔体，腔体内设有拉销，拉销由拉销杆体和拉销主体组成，拉销杆体上设有拉销复位弹簧，拉销主体上设有缺口，缺口壁的上部为圆弧面，缺口壁的下部为斜面，缺口壁上自圆弧面到斜面的下端设有贯通柱面的轴向槽，缺口中设有滚动件，滚动件连接有拉钩，拉钩通过拉销的轴向槽和停放缸体的开口深入停放缸体内，拉钩上设有拉钩复位弹簧。该装置通过拉销的 斜面传递输入力。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种缓解装置及停放制动缸。
本申请提供的一种缓解装置，包括：
棘爪组件；
缓解体，内设缓解腔，所述缓解体的一端设有连通所述缓解腔的进气口；
手缓楔，其圆周上设有通孔的一端设于所述缓解腔内，另一端伸出所述缓解体；设于所述缓解腔内的所述手缓楔上设有与所述棘爪组件配合的楔形工作面；
第一弹性件，设于所述缓解腔内，位于所述手缓楔与所述缓解体之间；
滑动件，设于所述通孔内；
限位件，设于所述缓解体内壁上；
缓解活塞，设于所述缓解腔内，与所述手缓楔连接形成隔离腔，所述缓解活塞上设有连通所述缓解腔与所述隔离腔的通气孔，所述通气孔的孔径小于所述进气口的孔径；
隔离活塞，设于所述隔离腔内，所述隔离活塞外部设有与所述滑动件配合的锥面；
第二弹性件，设于所述隔离腔内，位于所述隔离活塞与所述手缓楔之间。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述缓解装置还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件设于所述缓解活塞与所述缓解体之间。
在本申请一些实施例中，还包括第二密封件，所述第二密封件设于所述缓解活塞和所述隔离活塞之间。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述手缓楔与所述缓解活塞之间采用过盈压装 或粘接或螺纹连接在一起，且所述缓解活塞与所述手缓楔同轴。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述手缓楔，包括：
手拉体，所述手拉体的第一端部设于缓解腔内，所述手拉体的第二端部伸出所述缓解体；
楔体，设于所述缓解腔内，所述楔体的第一端部与所述手拉体的第一端部连接，所述通孔设于所述楔体的第二端部的圆周上，所述楔形工作面位于所述楔体上。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述棘爪组件包括棘爪和设于所述缓解腔内的轴承，所述棘爪的第一端部可与停放制动缸中的棘轮配合，所述棘爪的第二端部穿过所述缓解体与所述轴承连接，所述轴承与所述楔形工作面配合。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述缓解装置还包括第三弹性件，所述第三弹性件位于所述缓解体与设于靠近所述棘爪第一端部的凸台之间。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述缓解装置还包括阻尼件，设于所述隔离腔内，位于所述隔离活塞与所述手缓楔或所述缓解活塞之间，并与所述第二弹性件并列布置。
本申请第二种实施方式还提供了一停放制动缸，包括停放缸腔和制动缸腔，还包括上述缓解装置，所述缓解装置安装于停放缸腔上，所述缓解装置的进风口与所述停放缸腔连通。
在本申请一些实施例中，所述停放制动缸包括：
中间体；
制动缸体，与所述中间体组成所述制动缸腔；
制动活塞，设于所述制动缸腔内；
停放缸体，与所述中间体组成所述停放缸腔，所述停放缸腔内设两个密 封腔室；
传力单元，包括：
传力组件，放置于所述停放缸腔内，所述传力组件包括停放丝杠、套于所述停放丝杠外部的停放螺母以及套于所述停放丝杠一端的棘轮；
至少两个传力杆，呈对称布置，所述传力杆的第一端连接所述制动活塞，所述传力杆的第二端穿过所述中间体连接所述停放螺母；
压缩弹簧，套于所述传力杆上，设于所述中间体与所述停放螺母之间；
至少两个停放活塞，呈对称安装于所述停放螺母上，每一所述停放活塞均与一所述密封腔室对应设置；
所述缓解装置，与所述棘轮配合。
与现有技术相比，本申请的优点和积极效果在于：
本申请的缓解装置既可以通过充气使缓解装置切换为释放状态，又可以通过手动缓解使缓解装置切换为释放状态，与停放制动缸配合使用时，可充气缓解停放制动，也可以手动缓解停放制动。该缓解装置在手动切换为释放状态后，可锁定在释放状态，防止误向缓解装置充排气时，缓解装置意外切换为锁定状态。
附图说明
图1为本申请第一种实施方式的缓解装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一种实施方式的缓解装置的状态图，其中缓解装置通过充气切换为释放状态；
图3为图2中A部分的放大图；
图4为图2中B部分的放大图；
图5为本申请一种实施方式的缓解装置的状态图，其中，其中缓解腔中 的压缩空气被排出使得缓解装置处于锁定状态；
图6为图5中A部分的放大图；
图7为本申请一种实施方式的缓解装置的状态图，其中缓解装置是通过手动切换为释放状态；
图8为图7中A部分的放大图；
图9为本申请第二种实施方式提供的停放制动缸的侧视图，其中缓解装置为释放状态；
图10为图9沿剖面线A-A的剖视图；
图中，1、缓解体，101、缓解腔，102、进气口，2、手缓楔，201、楔形工作面，202、手拉体，203、楔体，204、阻挡部，3、通孔，4、第一弹性件，501、滑动件，502、限位件，6、缓解活塞，601、通气孔，7、隔离腔，8、隔离活塞，801、锥面，9、第二弹性件，10、第一密封件，11、第二密封件，12、棘爪，13、轴承，14、第三弹性件，15、凸台，16、中间体，17、制动缸体，18、制动活塞，19、停放缸体，1901、密封腔室，2001停放丝杠，2002、停放螺母，2003、棘轮，21、压缩弹簧，22、停放活塞。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施方式对本申请的技术方案进行详实的阐述，然而应当理解，在没有进一步叙述的情况下，一个实施方式中的元件、结构和特征也可以有益地结合到其他实施方式中。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“底”、“内”、“左”、“右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图2所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
所述的实施方式仅仅是对本申请的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本申请的范围进行限定，在不脱离本申请设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本申请的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本申请权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
参见图1至4，为本申请一种实施方式提供的缓解装置，安装于停放制动缸上，包括：
棘爪组件；
缓解体1，内设缓解腔101，缓解体1的一端设有连通缓解腔101的进气口102；
手缓楔2，其圆周上设有通孔3的一端设于缓解腔101内，另一端伸出缓解体1；设于缓解腔101内的手缓楔2上设有与棘爪组件配合的楔形工作面201；
第一弹性件4，设于缓解腔101内，位于手缓楔2与缓解体1之间；
滑动件501，设于通孔3内；
限位件502，设于缓解体1内壁上；
缓解活塞6，设于缓解腔101内，与手缓楔2连接形成隔离腔7，缓解活塞6上设有连通缓解腔101与隔离腔7的通气孔601，通气孔601的孔径小于进气口102的孔径；
隔离活塞8，设于隔离腔7内，隔离活塞8外部设有与滑动件5配合的锥面801；
第二弹性件9，设于隔离腔7内，位于隔离活塞8与手缓楔2之间。
如附图2所示，楔形工作面201为左低右高，楔形工作面201的右侧与楔形工作面201连接的面为水平面；隔离活塞的锥面801为左高右低。图2中的缓解装置，当由进气口102向缓解装置中充入不低于设定压力的压缩空气时，可使棘爪组件脱离设置在停放制动缸中的棘轮，缓解装置处于释放状态。具体地，缓解腔101内的压缩空气推动缓解活塞6向左运动，同时带动手缓楔2向左运动，进而压缩第一弹性件4，并推动棘爪组件沿楔形工作面201向上运动，手缓楔2位于缓解位置时，棘爪组件沿楔形工作面201运行至水平面上，从而使缓解装置进入释放状态，同时，通孔3与限位件502对齐，压缩空气推动隔离活塞8向左运动，进而靠近手缓楔2、压缩第二弹性件9，隔离活塞的锥面801使得其与通孔3的间隙变大，因而隔离活塞8不再挤压滑动件501，滑动件501退回至通孔3内。反之，当棘爪组件处于楔形工作面201的低高度位置时，棘爪组件插入棘轮中，限制棘轮的转动，缓解装置处于锁定状态。图2中仅为缓解装置的一种实施例，实际应用时，根据缓解装置与棘轮的配合关系，适应性调整楔形工作面和锥面的倾斜方向。
该缓解装置，缓解活塞6和隔离活塞8推动手缓楔2向左移动，带动棘 爪组件脱离棘轮，同时隔离活塞的锥面801与通孔3内的滑动件501接触，随着隔离活塞8的左右运动，滑动件501在通孔3内沿孔的轴向运动，并在手缓楔2处于缓解位置时，滑动件501或向外挤出实现对手缓楔2的锁定，或向内回缩解除对手缓楔2的锁定，完成缓解装置释放状态的锁定和解锁。该缓解装置可将隔离活塞8的轴向运动转化为滑动件501的径向运动，以较小的轴向力实现较大的径向锁定力，保证锁定的可靠性。
继续参见图2，上述缓解装置还包括第一密封件10，所述第一密封件10设于缓解活塞6与缓解体1之间。具体地，第一密封件为密封圈，密封圈可以是O型圈，也可以是K型圈，或其他截面形状的密封圈，密封圈可以安装在缓解活塞上，也可以安装于缓解体上，用于密封缓解活塞和缓解体之间的间隙。
继续参见图2，上述缓解装置还包括第二密封件11，所述第二密封件11设于缓解活塞6和隔离活塞8之间。具体地，第二密封件为密封圈，密封圈可以是O型圈，也可以是K型圈，或其他截面形状的密封圈，密封圈可以安装在缓解活塞上，也可以安装于隔离活塞上，用于密封缓解活塞和隔离之间的间隙。
具体地，所述手缓楔与所述缓解活塞之间采用过盈压装或粘接或螺纹连接在一起，且缓解活塞与手缓楔手缓楔同轴，保证缓解活塞与手缓楔组装后为整体运动。
具体地，继续参见图2，所述手缓楔2，包括：
手拉体202，手拉体的第一端部设于缓解腔101内，手拉体的第二端部伸出缓解体1；
楔体203，设于缓解腔101内，楔体的第一端部与手拉体202的第一端 部连接，所述通孔3设于楔体的第二端部的圆周上，所述楔形工作面201位于楔体203上。
如图1所示，手拉体202与楔体203的连接部分还设有阻挡部204，第一弹性件4套设于手拉体202外部，并被限制在阻挡部204与缓解体1之间。在手缓楔2整体向左移动时，阻挡部204可压缩第一弹性件4。
继续参见图2，所述棘爪组件包括棘爪12和设于缓解腔101内的轴承13，棘爪12的第一端部为齿状，与棘轮配合，棘爪12的第二端部穿过缓解体1、楔体203与轴承13连接，轴承13与楔形工作面201配合。
继续参见图2，上述缓解装置还包括第三弹性件14，第三弹性件14位于缓解体1与设于靠近棘爪第一端部的凸台15之间。棘爪组件通过第三弹性件14压紧在手缓楔的楔形工作面201上，便于棘爪组件复位。具体地，轴承13经棘爪12通过第三弹性件14压紧在手缓楔的楔形工作面201上，轴承13可在手缓楔2左右移动时，沿楔形工作面201滚动，进而随着楔形工作面201的高度向上抬升或向下移动，带动棘爪12向上抬升或向下移动，实现棘爪12与棘轮的分离或配合，棘爪12向上抬升时，解除对棘轮的锁定，棘爪12向下运动时，恢复对棘轮的锁定。
具体地，上述缓解装置还包括阻尼件，设于隔离腔7内，位于隔离活塞8与手缓楔2之间，并与第二弹性件9并列布置。本实施方式中，第二密封件选用橡胶材质，因此，第二密封件同时又可以起到阻尼件的延缓运动的作用，也可以被看做是阻尼件。
具体地，本实施例中，所述第一弹性件4、第二弹性件9及第三弹性件14均为复位弹簧。
具体地，本实施例中，所述滑动件501为钢球，但不限于钢球，还可以 是柱状体等其他结构体。所述限位体502为设于缓解体1内壁上的凹槽，但不限于凹槽，也可以是安装于缓解体1内壁上的挡板等。滑动件501与限位体502配合使用，实现缓解装置释放状态的锁定和缓解。缓解装置释放状态的锁定是指，缓解腔内充入低于设定压力的介质不会使得缓解装置从释放状态切换为锁定状态。
参见图2、图4，压缩空气由进风口102充入缓解装置的缓解腔101中，此时，压缩空气推动缓解活塞6向左运动，同时带动手缓楔2向左运动，进而压缩第一弹性件4，并推动棘爪组件沿手缓楔的楔形工作面201向上运动，使棘爪12向上运动，使得棘爪脱离棘轮，缓解装置进入锁定状态。同时由通气孔601进入的压缩空气推动隔离活塞8向左运动，压紧手缓楔2、压缩第二弹性件9，隔离活塞的锥面801与通孔3间隙变大，因而不再挤压钢球，钢球退回至手缓楔的通孔3内。
排空缓解装置内的压缩空气，参见图5、图6，在第一弹性件4的作用下，手缓楔2连同缓解活塞6一起向右运动。由于通气孔3控制隔离活塞8内的压缩空气排出速率远小于缓解腔101内的压缩空气排出速率，因此在缓解活塞6向右运动过程中，第二弹性件9仍被压紧，隔离活塞8仍压紧手缓楔2，钢球仍处于手缓楔2的通孔3内，限位件502无法对钢球形成限位作用，缓解活塞6能顺利向右运动。棘爪组件沿手缓楔的楔形工作面201向下运动，棘爪组件恢复对棘轮的锁定，缓解装置进入锁定状态。通气孔的设置，使得在充排气过程中，缓解活塞与隔离活塞非同步运动，保证在缓解装置排气过程中，手缓楔不被锁定，实现缓解装置由释放状态切换为锁定状态。
当车辆发生故障时，无法向缓解装置充入不低于设定压力的压缩空气，使得缓解装置由锁定状态切换为释放状态，此时需要手动切换缓解装置的状 态，即由外力向左拉动手缓楔，同时棘爪组件沿手缓楔的楔形工作面向上运动，带动棘爪沿轴向向上运动，进而脱离棘轮，使得缓解装置切换为释放状态。参见图7、图8，在由外力向左拉动手缓楔过程中，第二弹性件9推动隔离活塞8向右运动挤压钢球，随着手缓楔2向左运动至缓解位置，钢球自动弹出，由限位件502限位，限制手缓楔2向右移动，保持手缓楔2处于缓解位置，缓解装置被锁定在释放状态。此时，由于钢球被限位件502阻挡，手缓楔2无法向右运动，并且如果进入缓解装置的压缩空气不足以让隔离活塞8压缩第二弹性件9，使钢球退回到通孔3中，则缓解装置也无法由释放状态切换为锁定状态。当故障消除后，向缓解装置充入一定压力值的压缩空气，第二弹性件9被压缩，钢球退回至通孔3内，再排气时，通气孔3控制隔离活塞8内的压缩空气缓慢排出，钢球仍处于手缓楔2的通孔3内，手缓楔2进而可在第一弹性件4的作用下向右运动，使得棘爪组件沿其自身轴线方向向下运动，锁定棘轮，缓解装置进入锁定状态。
本实施方式提供的缓解装置既可以实现通过充气切换缓解装置的状态(充气缓解)，也可以手动切换缓解装置的状态(手动缓解)，并且能根据缓解装置内的压力信号(即手缓楔运动的驱动力来源)作出不同的响应，在手动缓解切换方式下可将手缓楔锁定在缓解位置，让缓解装置一直处于释放状态，直到下一次缓解装置充入一定压力的压缩空气，第二弹性件被再次压缩，使得钢球回到通孔中，限位件解除对手缓楔向右运动的锁定，缓解装置在下一次排气时，可以由释放状态切换为锁定状态，释放状态的锁定可有效防止在误向缓解装置内充排气的情况下，导致缓解装置非预期的切换成锁定状态，保证缓解装置在手动缓解切换方式下其释放状态稳定可靠。
如附图9所示，本申请第二种实施方式提供了一种停放制动缸，包括停 放缸腔和与停放缸腔连接的制动缸腔，还包括第一种实施方式所述的缓解装置，所述缓解装置安装于停放缸腔上，所述缓解装置的进风口与停放缸腔连通，进而可以保持缓解装置内的空气压力和停放缸腔内一致，通气孔将压缩空气引入隔离活塞并控制隔离活塞充排气速率。缓解腔的进气口与停放缸腔连通，以使停放缸腔可与缓解腔同步充排气，从而实现停放制动缸与缓解装置的协同作用。在列车正常运行过程中，停放缸腔一般处于充风缓解状态，即停放缸腔充入不低于其工作压力的压缩空气，由于缓解装置的进气口与停放缸的充气口连通，缓解腔内会充入一定压力的压缩空气，使棘爪脱离棘轮，缓解装置处于释放状态。此时，棘轮的转动不被限制，停放制动缸无法施加停放制动力，但是向制动缸腔充入压缩空气，停放制动缸可施加行车制动。列车停车后需施加停放制动，防止溜车，此时，排空停放缸腔内的压缩空气，同时也排空缓解装置的缓解腔内的压缩空气，缓解装置进入锁定状态，向制动缸腔充入压缩空气，停放制动缸可以施加停放制动。
需要将缓解装置锁定在释放状态的情形有：当施加停放制动的车辆发生故障无法向缓解腔充入压缩空气，使缓解装置由锁定状态切换为释放状态时，需要对故障车进行救援，此时需要手动缓解停放制动，并且对故障车的停放缸腔进行隔离，保证缓解腔内意外充排气不会产生停放制动作用，可防止停放制动意外施加，造成车辆损坏，但是停放制动缸仍可通过制动丝杠施加行车制动力，以确保故障车在救援时能施加行车制动力。在手动缓解切换方式下，该缓解装置的手缓楔锁定在缓解位置，使得缓解装置一直处于释放状态，即停放缸腔被隔离，不能施加停放制动，直到下一次停放缸腔充入不低于工作压力的压缩空气，第二弹性件再次被压缩，使得钢球回到通孔中，限位件解除对手缓楔向右运动的锁定，缓解装置自动恢复到停放缸腔未被隔离的状 态，停放制动缸可继续施加停放制动、停放缓解。缓解装置对停放缸腔的隔离作用，可以有效防止在救援工况下误向停放缸腔充排气，导致停放制动意外施加，保证缓解装置的释放状态稳定可靠。
具体地，如附图10所示，所述停放制动缸，包括：
中间体16；
制动缸体17，与中间体组成制动缸腔；
制动活塞18，设于制动缸腔内；
停放缸体19，与中间体16组成停放缸腔，停放缸体内设两个密封腔室1901；
传力单元，包括：
传力组件，放置于停放缸腔内，传力组件包括停放丝杠2001、套设于停放丝杠一端的停放螺母2002以及套设于停放丝杠2001另一端的棘轮2003；
两个传力杆2004，呈对称布置，传力杆2004的第一端连接制动活塞，传力杆的第二端穿过中间体连接停放螺母；
压缩弹簧21，套于传力杆上，设于中间体与停放螺母之间；
两个停放活塞22，呈对称安装于停放螺母上，与密封腔室对应设置；停放活塞动作时在密封腔室内轴向移动；
缓解装置，与棘轮2003配合，以控制棘轮2003的旋转，从而控制停放丝杠2001与停放螺母2002的相对转动。当然传力杆、停放活塞、密封腔室数量可以是多于两个，只要三者分别沿圆周均匀布置，且停放活塞和密封腔数量一对一对应即可。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种缓解装置，其特征在于，包括：
    棘爪组件；
    缓解体，内设缓解腔，所述缓解体的一端设有连通所述缓解腔的进气口；
    手缓楔，其圆周上设有通孔的一端设于所述缓解腔内，另一端伸出所述缓解体；设于所述缓解腔内的所述手缓楔上设有与所述棘爪组件配合的楔形工作面；
    第一弹性件，设于所述缓解腔内，位于所述手缓楔与所述缓解体之间；
    滑动件，设于所述通孔内；
    限位件，设于所述缓解体内壁上；
    缓解活塞，设于所述缓解腔内，与所述手缓楔连接形成隔离腔，所述缓解活塞上设有连通所述缓解腔与所述隔离腔的通气孔，所述通气孔的孔径小于所述进气口的孔径；
    隔离活塞，设于所述隔离腔内，所述隔离活塞外部设有与所述滑动件配合的锥面；
    第二弹性件，设于所述隔离腔内，位于所述隔离活塞与所述手缓楔之间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，还包括第一密封件，所述第一密封件设于所述缓解活塞与所述缓解体之间。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，还包括第二密封件，所述第二密封件设于所述缓解活塞和所述隔离活塞之间。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，所述手缓楔与所述缓解活塞之间采用过盈压装或粘接或螺纹连接在一起，且所述缓解活塞与所述手缓楔同轴。
  5. 如权利要求1或4所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，所述手缓楔，包括：
    手拉体，所述手拉体的第一端部设于所述缓解腔内，所述手拉体的第二端部伸出所述缓解体；
    楔体，设于所述缓解腔内，所述楔体的第一端部与所述手拉体的第一端部连接，所述通孔设于所述楔体的第二端部的圆周上，所述楔形工作面位于所述楔体上。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，所述棘爪组件包括棘爪和设于所述缓解腔内的轴承，所述棘爪的第一端部可与停放制动缸中的棘轮配合，所述棘爪的第二端部穿过所述缓解体与所述轴承连接，所述轴承与所述楔形工作面配合。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，还包括第三弹性件，所述第三弹性件位于所述缓解体与设于靠近所述棘爪第一端部的凸台之间。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的缓解装置，其特征在于，还包括阻尼件，设于所述隔离腔内，位于所述隔离活塞与所述手缓楔之间，并与所述第二弹性件并列布置。
  9. 一种停放制动缸，包括停放缸腔和与停放缸腔连接的制动缸腔，其特征在于，还包括如权利要求1-8任意一项所述的缓解装置，所述缓解装置安装于停放缸腔上，所述缓解装置的进风口与停放缸腔连通。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的停放制动缸，其特征在于，包括：
    中间体；
    制动缸体，与所述中间体组成所述制动缸腔；
    制动活塞，设于所述制动缸腔内；
    停放缸体，与所述中间体组成所述停放缸腔，所述停放缸腔内设两个密 封腔室；
    传力单元，包括：
    传力组件，放置于所述停放缸腔内，所述传力组件包括停放丝杠、套于所述停放丝杠外部的停放螺母以及套于所述停放丝杠一端的棘轮；
    至少两个传力杆，呈对称布置，所述传力杆的第一端连接所述制动活塞，所述传力杆的第二端穿过所述中间体连接所述停放螺母；
    压缩弹簧，套于所述传力杆上，设于所述中间体与所述停放螺母之间；
    至少两个停放活塞，呈对称安装于所述停放螺母上，每一所述停放活塞均与一所述密封腔室对应设置；
    所述缓解装置，与所述棘轮配合。
PCT/CN2021/122580 2021-01-04 2021-10-08 缓解装置及停放制动缸 WO2022142567A1 (zh)

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