WO2022142487A1 - 牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法 - Google Patents

牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022142487A1
WO2022142487A1 PCT/CN2021/118853 CN2021118853W WO2022142487A1 WO 2022142487 A1 WO2022142487 A1 WO 2022142487A1 CN 2021118853 W CN2021118853 W CN 2021118853W WO 2022142487 A1 WO2022142487 A1 WO 2022142487A1
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Prior art keywords
teeth
eruption
orthodontic
grown
tooth
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PCT/CN2021/118853
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王星星
吴刚
姚峻峰
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正雅齿科科技(上海)有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN202011638977.8A external-priority patent/CN112842573A/zh
Application filed by 正雅齿科科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 正雅齿科科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to JP2023540654A priority Critical patent/JP2024501887A/ja
Priority to KR1020237022685A priority patent/KR20230113807A/ko
Priority to AU2021415204A priority patent/AU2021415204A1/en
Priority to EP21913234.7A priority patent/EP4272690A4/en
Publication of WO2022142487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022142487A1/zh
Priority to US18/344,904 priority patent/US20230338119A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/002—Orthodontic computer assisted systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/45—For evaluating or diagnosing the musculoskeletal system or teeth
    • A61B5/4538—Evaluating a particular part of the muscoloskeletal system or a particular medical condition
    • A61B5/4542—Evaluating the mouth, e.g. the jaw
    • A61B5/4547—Evaluating teeth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means
    • A61B5/742—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient ; user input means using visual displays
    • A61B5/7425—Displaying combinations of multiple images regardless of image source, e.g. displaying a reference anatomical image with a live image
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/46—Arrangements for interfacing with the operator or the patient
    • A61B6/461—Displaying means of special interest
    • A61B6/463—Displaying means of special interest characterised by displaying multiple images or images and diagnostic data on one display
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    • G06T1/00—General purpose image data processing
    • G06T1/0007—Image acquisition
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
    • G06T19/20—Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis
    • G06T7/30—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration
    • G06T7/33—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods
    • G06T7/344—Determination of transform parameters for the alignment of images, i.e. image registration using feature-based methods involving models
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H20/00—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance
    • G16H20/40—ICT specially adapted for therapies or health-improving plans, e.g. for handling prescriptions, for steering therapy or for monitoring patient compliance relating to mechanical, radiation or invasive therapies, e.g. surgery, laser therapy, dialysis or acupuncture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H30/00—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images
    • G16H30/40—ICT specially adapted for the handling or processing of medical images for processing medical images, e.g. editing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/20—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for computer-aided diagnosis, e.g. based on medical expert systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
    • G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
    • G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
    • G16H50/50—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for simulation or modelling of medical disorders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/51—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30—Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30004—Biomedical image processing
    • G06T2207/30036—Dental; Teeth
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2210/00—Indexing scheme for image generation or computer graphics
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2219/00—Indexing scheme for manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
    • G06T2219/20—Indexing scheme for editing of 3D models
    • G06T2219/2004—Aligning objects, relative positioning of parts

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the field of medical devices, in particular to the field of invisible orthodontics, and more particularly to an orthodontic system and a design method and preparation method thereof, which are applied to orthodontic treatment of adolescents with mixed teeth.
  • Invisible appliances are recognized by consumers for their beautiful appearance, comfortable wearing and good orthodontic effect. Among them, adolescents are some special cases. In a certain stage, deciduous teeth will fall out, and the stage of permanent teeth eruption is different from adult permanent teeth orthodontic treatment.
  • the process of using invisible appliances for orthodontic treatment if the actual model is the same as that in the mouth If the structure of the invisible appliance is used for orthodontic treatment, it is possible that the part of the invisible appliance that does not erupt the teeth is covered by the invisible appliance. With the eruption of the teeth, the position corresponding to the invisible appliance covers the adjacent gums, and there is not enough space for budding. The eruption affects the normal eruption of the teeth, or the invisible orthodontic treatment cannot be worn after the teeth erupt.
  • the main purpose of the present application is to provide an orthodontic system and a design method and a preparation method thereof, which are applied to orthodontic treatment of adolescent mixed dentition, so that the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance can simultaneously perform tooth eruption in the process of correcting tooth deformity.
  • an orthodontic system comprising at least one shell-shaped orthodontic appliance that gradually adjusts teeth from an initial position to a target orthodontic position according to a orthodontic plan while allowing the teeth to erupt naturally, the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance Including an appliance body, the appliance body includes a geometric structure for accommodating a plurality of upper jaw teeth or a plurality of lower jaw teeth, the appliance body is further provided with at least one or more predetermined parameters for accommodating one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption The eruption portion of the teeth; with the progress of the treatment plan, the eruption portion on each of the shell-shaped dental appliances has a constant or substantially constant column structure, and the inner surface of the eruption portion is closely related to the non-growing portion.
  • a gap is provided to the outer surfaces of the teeth that have erupted predetermined parameters; the predetermined eruption parameters include tooth parameters after one or more ungrown or incompletely grown teeth have fully erupted.
  • the eruption predetermined parameters include the size, position, shape and orientation of the teeth after full eruption of the one or more ungrown or undergrown teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the teeth after full eruption of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the adjacent teeth of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters are subjected to orthodontic movement, so that the cylindrical structure of the eruption portion will be properly adjusted with a smooth transition, so that the The connection between the sprout part and the rest of the shell-shaped body is smooth.
  • the size of the column structure is: 1.02-1.05 times the size of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are completely erupted; The size is larger than the size after the tooth has fully erupted, so that a gap can be provided between the eruption portion and one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters for eruption.
  • the orientation of the column structure is an angle of 0-5° with the orientation of the long axis of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption; the position of the column structure is oriented to the one or more teeth.
  • the offset of the position of the tooth in the spatial three-dimensional coordinate system of each vertex coordinate value is 0-1 mm; the shape of the cylindrical structure is the same as that of the one or more teeth.
  • the offset of the shape of each vertex in the three-dimensional coordinate system of the tooth after the tooth that has not grown to the predetermined parameter eruption is completely erupted is 0-1 mm.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure described in this embodiment is within the range of the above-mentioned size, position, shape and orientation.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is based on both a first predetermined parameter of a mesial neighbor and a distal neighbor of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameter eruption of the second predetermined parameter setting.
  • the first predetermined parameter includes the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction: the largest dimension in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension in the long axis direction of the tooth;
  • the The second predetermined parameter includes the adjacent teeth in the distal direction: the largest dimension in the buccolingual radial direction, the largest dimension in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension in the tooth long axis direction height.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal surface being a plane or the labial/buccal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • a curved surface with a smooth transition on the buccal side, the lingual side is a plane or a curved surface with a smooth transition with the lingual side of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions, and the occlusal surface is a plane or a surface with the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • a surface with a smooth transition of the occlusal surface is a plane or a surface with the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is set based on a third predetermined parameter of a distal neighbor and a distal neighbor of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters Certainly.
  • the third predetermined parameters include: the maximum size in the buccolingual diameter direction of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction, the maximum size in the mesiodistal direction, and the height of the teeth in the mesial direction in the long axis direction maximum size.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal surface being a plane or the labial/buccal surface of adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • a smooth transition surface, the lingual surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the lingual surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions, and the occlusal surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the occlusal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is a cylindrical structure, an elliptical column, or a polygonal prism structure with no less than four side edges.
  • the geometry of the shell-shaped dental appliance other than the eruption portion enables the teeth other than the unerupted teeth to be gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target orthodontic position.
  • Some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing an orthodontic system, including the following steps S1 to S4.
  • Acquisition of a digital dental model acquiring a digital dental model, the digital dental model includes a digital tooth model and a digital gingival model;
  • Virtual design of orthodontic plan virtual design is carried out on the single digital crown model, so that the single digital crown model is gradually changed from the initial position to the target orthodontic position, and a series of intermediate digital dental models are obtained;
  • the teeth are gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target treatment position and at least one shell-shaped dental appliance is capable of simultaneous tooth eruption
  • the shell-shaped dental appliance includes an appliance body
  • the appliance body includes an appliance for A geometric structure for accommodating multiple teeth in the upper jaw or multiple teeth in the lower jaw
  • the appliance body is further provided with at least one eruption portion for accommodating one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters
  • the eruption portion on each of the shell-shaped dental appliances has a constant or substantially constant column structure, and the inner surface of the eruption portion is connected to the outer surface of the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters.
  • the surfaces are uniformly spaced; the eruption predetermined parameters are designed to include the parameters of the teeth after the one or more ungrown or incompletely grown teeth have fully erupted.
  • the geometrical structure of the shell-shaped dental appliance except the eruption portion is designed to gradually adjust the teeth other than the unerupted teeth from the initial position to the target orthodontic position.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for preparing an orthodontic system, wherein the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance in the dental orthodontic appliance system obtained according to the above-mentioned design method is formed by using a hot-pressed film or an increased The material manufacturing process is used to obtain the series of shell-shaped dental appliances.
  • the orthodontic system for invisible orthodontics includes a shell-shaped orthodontic appliance, wherein the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance includes an appliance body, and the appliance body is further provided with an eruption portion.
  • the eruption portion on each of the shell-shaped dental appliances has a constant or substantially constant column structure; the shell-shaped dental appliance has the effect of correcting tooth deformities, and the eruption portion provided on the appliance body is used for receiving
  • the teeth that grow to the predetermined parameters, the gap between the eruption part and the teeth that do not grow to the predetermined parameters is set so that after wearing the appliance body, one or more teeth that do not grow to the predetermined parameters are reserved above the teeth.
  • the shell-shaped dental appliances of the entire orthodontic system will not interfere with the natural growth of teeth when worn; in addition, the eruption part of the present application has a constant or substantially constant column structure so that each appliance and eruption
  • the design and use of the part is simpler, and the eruption part can be used as a standard accessory, which can be inserted on the dental model by selecting the standard accessory.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the structure of the shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of another shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the structure of another shell-shaped dental appliance according to Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of wearing the shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a design method of an orthodontic system according to Example 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of the structure of the shell-shaped dental appliance according to the second embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic front view of another shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic side view of the structure of another shell-shaped dental appliance according to Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic front view of the shell-shaped dental appliance of Example 4 of the present application.
  • Example 12 is a schematic side view of the structure of the shell-shaped dental appliance of Example 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of the shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 5 of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic side view of the structure of the shell-shaped dental appliance according to Example 5 of the present application.
  • shell-shaped dental appliance 100, 200, 400, 500
  • eruption part 120, 220
  • appliance body 110, 210, 410, 510
  • eruption cavity 420, 520
  • This embodiment provides an orthodontic system, including at least one shell-shaped orthodontic appliance 100 that gradually adjusts the teeth from the initial position to the target orthodontic position according to the orthodontic plan and allows the teeth to erupt naturally.
  • a schematic structural diagram of the shell-shaped dental appliance in this embodiment the shell-shaped dental appliance includes an appliance body 110, and the appliance body 110 includes a geometric structure for accommodating multiple upper jaw teeth or multiple lower jaw teeth, so The appliance body 110 is also provided with at least one eruption portion 120 for accommodating one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters;
  • Each of the parts 120 has a constant or substantially constant column structure, and the inner surface of the eruption part 120 and the outer surface of the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are arranged with a gap; the predetermined parameters of eruption include one or more Parameters of a tooth after full eruption of an ungrown or incompletely grown tooth.
  • the orthodontic system for invisible orthodontic treatment provided in this embodiment is suitable for orthodontic treatment of adolescents in the mixed dentition period. Due to the long period of orthodontic treatment plan, half a year or even longer period of orthodontic treatment, patients in mixed dentition period need to consider the impact of erupted teeth on the treatment plan when performing orthodontic treatment, and design a space for accommodating erupted teeth.
  • the orthodontic system is designed to ensure that the erupting teeth are not affected by the forces generated by the interaction with the shell-like aligners and affect the eruption. Otherwise, the housing for orthodontic treatment will cover over the gums where the erupted teeth are, which will inhibit the growth of the erupted teeth.
  • the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 (also referred to as appliance) of this embodiment has the effect of correcting dental deformities, and the eruption portion 120 provided on the appliance body 110 is used to receive teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption,
  • the gap between the inner surface of the eruption portion 120 and the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters is set so that after the appliance body 110 is worn, a space for tooth growth will be reserved above one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters. Therefore, the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 will not interfere with the natural growth of teeth when worn.
  • the orthodontic system of this embodiment is suitable for a orthodontic plan with multiple orthodontic stages.
  • the eruption portion 120 of each appliance body 110 has a constant or substantially constant column structure, so that the In the entire orthodontic system, each appliance body 110 will never touch the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the structure of the eruption portion 120 makes the design and use of each appliance and the eruption portion 120 simpler, and the (the eruption portion 120 ) can be used as a standard accessory, which can be inserted into the dental model by selecting the standard accessory. .
  • the eruption predetermined parameters include the size, position, shape and orientation of the teeth after full eruption of the one or more ungrown or undergrown teeth.
  • the size, position, shape and orientation may be the size, position, shape and orientation of the incompletely grown teeth obtained based on the patient's CBCT, or the ungrown or incompletely grown teeth obtained based on one or more denture banks The size, position, shape and orientation of the growing tooth, or the size, position, shape and orientation of the ungrown or incompletely grown tooth based on statistics based on big data.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the teeth after full eruption of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the adjacent teeth of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters are subjected to treatment movement, so that the cylindrical structure of the eruption portion 120 will be properly adjusted with a smooth transition, so as to achieve a smooth transition.
  • the connection between the sprout portion 120 and the other shell-shaped bodies is made smooth.
  • the size of the cylindrical structure is 1.02-1.05 times the size of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are fully erupted;
  • the size after eruption, this size is a fixed size and will not change. Therefore, based on the above fixed size, the cylindrical structure designed to be enlarged by 1.02-1.05 times is more fully erupted than one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters for eruption.
  • the subsequent large size ensures that one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters for eruption will always remain out of contact with the inner surface of the eruption portion 120 (the eruption cavity) during the eruption process.
  • the orientation of the column structure is an angle of 0-5° with the orientation of the long axis of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are fully erupted; more specifically, based on the one or more teeth The orientation after the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters have fully erupted. This orientation is a determined orientation. Therefore, the orientation of the column structure designed based on the determined orientation is greater than that of one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters.
  • the range of the orientation angle after complete eruption is wider, that is, based on the long axis of the unerupted or incompletely erupted teeth, the angle of 0-5° is enlarged, which ensures that the unerupted or incompletely erupted teeth are closely related to the formation of the teeth during the eruption process.
  • the eruption portion 120 (the eruption cavity) of the device is always kept out of contact.
  • the position of the column structure is 0-1mm from the position of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption completely erupted in the coordinate value of each vertex in the three-dimensional coordinate system; more specifically In other words, based on the position after the eruption teeth are completely erupted, the position is a determined position, and the positions of the vertices of the column structure are respectively shifted from the inside of the eruption part 120 to the outside based on the above-mentioned determined positions.
  • the design of the dental orthodontic system is based on the digital dental model, and the digital dental model is composed of multiple triangular facets under a unified three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • Each vertex in the facet has its corresponding spatial coordinate value in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the position of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption after fully erupted is determined based on the spatial coordinate of each vertex that constitutes it. That is, the 0-1mm offset is expanded based on each vertex of the erupting tooth, which ensures that the erupting tooth always keeps no contact with the formed eruption part 120 (the eruption cavity) during the eruption process.
  • the shape of the cylindrical structure is 0-1 mm from the shape of each vertex coordinate value in the spatial three-dimensional coordinate system after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters erupted completely. More specifically, based on the shape of the tooth that has not grown until the predetermined parameter of eruption is completely erupted, the shape is a definite shape, so the shape of the column structure is determined based on the above definite shape. It should be noted that the design of the dental orthodontic system is based on the digital dental model, and the digital dental model is composed of multiple triangular facets under a unified three-dimensional coordinate system. Each vertex in the patch has its corresponding spatial coordinate value in the three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • the shape of the tooth that has not grown to the predetermined parameter after the eruption is completely erupted is based on the spatial coordinate value of each vertex that constitutes it, and the shape of the column structure is offset from the shape of the tooth that has not grown to the predetermined parameter after the eruption has completely erupted.
  • the range is larger, that is, the 0-1mm offset is expanded based on each vertex of the composition of the unerupted or incompletely erupted teeth, and the eruption part 120 (the eruption cavity) can make a smooth transition between its adjacent geometric structures And always keep out of contact with the erupting teeth during the eruption process.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure described in this embodiment is within the range of the above-mentioned size, position, shape and orientation.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw refer to the teeth that the opposite jaw engages with the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption, and a constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure can be designed through the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw occlusal surface.
  • the occlusal surface of the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth, and the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 120 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption portion 120 and the opposing teeth can be aligned.
  • the cusps are matched, or the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 120 is matched with the unevenness of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is based on both a first predetermined parameter of a mesial neighbor and a distal neighbor of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters.
  • a second predetermined parameter setting of the tooth is based on both a first predetermined parameter of a mesial neighbor and a distal neighbor of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters.
  • the first predetermined parameters include the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction: the largest dimension L1 in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension D1 in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension H1 in the long axis direction of the tooth.
  • the second predetermined parameters include the adjacent teeth in the distal direction: the largest dimension L 2 in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension D 2 in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension H 2 in the height of the tooth in the long axis direction.
  • the eruption portion 120 provided on the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 is to wrap the eruption of the second premolar
  • the first predetermined parameter is the cheek of the first premolar.
  • the second predetermined parameter is the largest dimension L 2 in the buccal-lingual diameter direction of the first molar, the mesio-distal dimension
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure may be determined by means of arithmetic mean, weighted average, etc. between L 1 and L 2 Determination of the size of the tongue diameter direction; through the arithmetic average, weighted average, etc. between D1 and D2 to determine the size of the mesiodistal direction of the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure ; through the distance between H1 and H2
  • the arithmetic average, weighted average, etc. are used to determine the dimension of the long axis direction of the tooth with a constant or substantially constant column structure.
  • the eruption part 120 can fit the size and shape of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters in the whole treatment plan to the greatest extent.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal surface being a plane or the labial/buccal surface of adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • a smooth transition surface, the lingual surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the lingual surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions, and the occlusal surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the occlusal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 has a relatively smooth shell structure that wraps the teeth, and the patient feels less foreign body in the mouth when wearing it.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure means that the shape, size, position and orientation of the eruption portion 120 are consistent, because during a series of orthodontic treatment with the shell-shaped appliance, the teeth will change with the progress of the orthodontic treatment.
  • the eruption portion 120 may be partially adapted to the space due to the smooth transitional connection with the adjacent tooth geometry.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure may also include only the labial/buccal and lingual surfaces, but not the occlusal surface.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 120 in this embodiment can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth.
  • the occlusal surface of the erupting portion 120 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption portion 120 and the opposing teeth can be sharpened.
  • the socket is matched, or the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 120 is matched with the unevenness of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is set based on third predetermined parameters of distal and mesial neighbors of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters Certainly.
  • the third predetermined parameters include: the maximum size of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction in the buccolingual diameter direction, the maximum size in the mesiodistal direction, and the maximum size in the longitudinal direction of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction. .
  • the eruption portion 120 provided on the shell-shaped dental appliance is to wrap the eruption of the second premolar
  • the third predetermined parameter is the buccal-lingual radial direction of the first molar.
  • the maximum dimension L3, the maximum dimension D3 in the mesiodistal direction, and the maximum dimension H3 in the height of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction in the long axis direction are used to determine the maximum dimension L3' in the buccal-lingual radial direction of the eruption portion 120 of the second premolar.
  • the cylindrical structure designed based on the maximum dimension in the buccal-lingual diameter direction of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction, the maximum dimension in the mesiodistal direction and the maximum dimension in the long axis direction of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction is sufficient to receive the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, and the size of the designed cylindrical structure is slightly larger than the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters to ensure that there is a gap between the cylindrical structure and the erupting teeth set up.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal surface being a plane or the labial/buccal surface of its proximal and distal neighbors
  • a curved surface with a smooth transition on the side, the lingual side is a plane or a curved surface with a smooth transition with the lingual side of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions
  • the occlusal surface is a plane or a smooth transition with the occlusal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions. surface.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 120 in this embodiment can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth.
  • the occlusal surface of the erupting portion 120 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption portion 120 and the opposing teeth can be sharpened.
  • the socket is matched, or the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 120 is matched with the unevenness of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylinder structure is a cylinder structure, an elliptical cylinder, or a polygonal prism structure with no less than four lateral edges, which can be set according to the number and type of erupted teeth, or Adaptive selection can be made according to the eruption gap that exists between adjacent teeth.
  • the geometry of the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 other than the eruption portion 120 enables the teeth other than the unerupted teeth to be gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target orthodontic position. That is, the eruption portion 120 in this embodiment only reserves a growth space for the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, so that the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 as a whole will not interfere with the natural growth of the erupted teeth, but The eruption portion 120 of this embodiment does not have a corrective effect on the erupted teeth that grow abnormally. That is, if the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are deformed teeth, the eruption part 120 of the present embodiment is also set according to the erupted teeth, without orthodontic intervention.
  • the geometric structures of the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 except for the eruption portion 120 enable the teeth other than the unerupted teeth to be gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target orthodontic position, that is, the geometric structures except for the eruption portion 120 are the difference between the other teeth except the erupted portion 120. Teeth other than budding teeth have an orthodontic effect so that the eruption of budding is not interfered with while the teeth are aligned.
  • This embodiment provides a method for designing an orthodontic system.
  • the orthodontic system is any of the orthodontic systems described in Embodiment 1.
  • the design method includes the following steps S1 to S4.
  • Acquisition of a digital dental model acquiring a digital dental model, the digital dental model includes a digital tooth model and a digital gingival model.
  • Virtual design of orthodontic plan perform virtual design on the single digital crown model, so that the single digital crown model gradually changes from the initial position to the target orthodontic position to obtain a series of intermediate digital dental models.
  • At least one shell-shaped dental appliance 200 is designed according to the treatment plan to gradually adjust the teeth from the initial position to the target treatment position and can simultaneously perform the eruption of the teeth.
  • the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 includes an appliance body 210, and the appliance body 210 includes a geometric structure for accommodating multiple teeth in the upper jaw or multiple teeth in the lower jaw, and the appliance body 210 is further provided with at least one eruption portion 220 for accommodating one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters;
  • the eruption portion 220 on each of the shell-shaped dental appliances 200 has a constant or substantially constant column structure, and the inner surface of the eruption portion 220 is not the same as the one that has not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the outer surfaces of the teeth are all set with gaps.
  • the acquisition of the digital maxillary dental model and the mandibular dental model in step S1 may adopt any of the following methods: tomographic X-ray scanning (CAT scan), digital tomography X-ray scan (CT), cone beam CT scan (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraoral optical scan, etc. to obtain a digital model representing the original tooth layout; alternatively, a plaster cast of the patient's teeth can be made first by conventional means, The gypsum casting is then scanned by scanning equipment such as laser scanning equipment, CT scanning equipment to obtain a digital model representing the original tooth layout.
  • tomographic X-ray scanning CAT scan
  • CT digital tomography X-ray scan
  • CBCT cone beam CT scan
  • MRI magnetic resonance imaging
  • intraoral optical scan etc.
  • a plaster cast of the patient's teeth can be made first by conventional means, The gypsum casting is then scanned by scanning equipment such as laser scanning equipment, CT scanning equipment to obtain a digital model representing the original tooth layout.
  • the cutting of the digital jaw model in step S2 may adopt the following non-limiting embodiments.
  • S200 Select the first type of feature points on the digital dental model to be segmented, where the digital dental model is a triangular face model.
  • S201 Classify the second type of feature points in the digital dental and jaw model according to the first type of feature points, and determine the teeth to which each second type of feature point belongs.
  • S202 Merge the feature points of the second type belonging to each tooth respectively to obtain a digital tooth region of each single tooth divided by the digital jaw model.
  • the above-mentioned first type of feature points are vertices of triangular facets selected based on the digital dental model and used to guide the segmentation of each single tooth in the dental jaw, and the second type of feature points are selected based on the digital dental model and The triangular facet vertices used to characterize the overall shape of the digital dental model; that is, the first type of feature points are used to guide the segmentation of the teeth and jaws, and the second type of feature points are the feature points for the specific segmentation of the teeth and jaws ; Through the segmentation guidance of the first type of feature points, the second type of feature points can be accurately classified to each tooth, thereby improving the segmentation accuracy of the teeth and jaws.
  • the segmentation of a single tooth is achieved by selecting the first type of feature points on the digital dental model as a whole, and then classifying and reassembling the second type of feature points on the digital dental model according to the first type of feature points. It is selected based on the overall digital dental model.
  • the classification information of the feature points covers the overall classification features of the digital dental model. Therefore, even if there is noise data in the model, the noise data will be evenly distributed to the global data, making the entire segmentation method fault-tolerant. With high rate, single tooth can be segmented more accurately, ensuring the integrity of each tooth.
  • step S2 the teeth are identified and marked on the cut tooth model, and the specific implementation of identifying and marking the data representing the teeth that have not grown to the eruption predetermined parameters may be to identify the tooth position first, and then identify and mark the teeth after the identification.
  • the volume of the tooth is compared with the standard tooth. When the identified tooth volume is smaller than the corresponding standard tooth volume within a certain threshold, it is marked as a tooth that has not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the above threshold is, for example, half of the standard tooth volume.
  • the method for tooth position identification may adopt the following methods: Step 1: Establish a first priori model, a second priori model and a third priori model; wherein, the first priori model includes collecting existing The distance between every two adjacent teeth in the tooth model and the number of missing teeth corresponding to the distance, the probability distribution function value is calculated for the distance between different numbers of missing teeth; the second prior model includes collecting each tooth in the existing tooth model. The feature quantity of the characteristic position of the tooth, and the probability distribution function value is calculated for the characteristic quantity of the tooth with the same number that is at least the characteristic position; the third a priori model includes collecting the existing tooth model.
  • Step 2 The tooth arrangement of every two adjacent teeth after the missing tooth is calculated, and the probability distribution function value of the tooth arrangement is calculated;
  • Step 2 Obtain the characteristic value of the representative position of each tooth of the tooth model to be tested and the adjacent two adjacent teeth. The distance between the teeth;
  • Step 3 Determine the tooth position of the tooth model to be tested based on the Hidden Markov Model. The tooth position is identified according to the above method, and then the tooth volume is compared according to the tooth position mark and the standard tooth model. Parameters of teeth.
  • step S3 virtual design is performed on the single digital crown model, so that the single digital crown model gradually changes from the initial position to the target orthodontic treatment
  • the initial position can be the original layout of the teeth before the orthodontic treatment starts, or any stage in the treatment process, and the target treatment position is any position after the orthodontic treatment.
  • the first stage can be the next stage or several stages after the original layout of the teeth;
  • the target orthodontic position can be the position where the doctor and medical designer can perform the final orthodontic effect according to the patient's demands and intraoral conditions, or it can be based on the intraoral digital design software.
  • the recommendation of the target orthodontic position is made according to similar cases, and more targeted adjustments to the patient's treatment can also be made according to the recommended results.
  • step S4 in the design of the dental orthodontic system, according to the orthodontic plan design, the teeth are gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target orthodontic position and at least one shell that can simultaneously perform tooth eruption
  • the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 can be used in any treatment stage in the treatment plan, such as the initial stage of treatment or the final stage of treatment.
  • the described eruption part 220 with a constant or substantially constant column structure can be set as a standard accessory, which is convenient for clinicians or other users to directly select the standard accessory to insert into the jaw when designing the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 .
  • the model can be used easily.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the teeth after full eruption of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the adjacent teeth of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters are subjected to treatment movement, so that the cylindrical structure of the eruption portion 220 will be properly adjusted with a smooth transition, so as to achieve a smooth transition.
  • the connection between the sprout portion 220 and the other shell-shaped bodies is made smooth.
  • the size of the cylindrical structure is 1.02-1.05 times the size of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are fully erupted; more specifically, based on the aforementioned ungrown
  • the size after the teeth fully erupt to the predetermined parameters of eruption is a fixed size and will not change.
  • the cylindrical structure designed based on the above-mentioned fixed size is larger than the size after the teeth that do not grow to the predetermined parameters of eruption are completely erupted, It is ensured that unerupted or incompletely erupted teeth are always kept out of contact with the formed eruption cavity during the eruption process.
  • the orientation of the column structure is an angle of 0-5° with the orientation of the long axis of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are fully erupted; more specifically, based on the above one or more teeth
  • This orientation is a determined orientation, so the orientation of the column structure is determined based on the above-determined orientation.
  • the range is larger, that is, based on the long axis of the tooth that has not grown to the predetermined parameter of eruption, the angle of 0-5° is enlarged, which ensures that the tooth that has not erupted or not completely erupted is in the process of eruption. cavity) remain untouched at all times.
  • the position of the column structure is 0-1mm from the position of the teeth after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption completely erupted in the coordinate value of each vertex in the three-dimensional coordinate system; more specifically In other words, based on the position after the eruption teeth have fully erupted, the position is the determined position.
  • the positions of the vertices of the column structure are respectively shifted from the inside of the eruption part 120 to the outside based on the determined position. It should be noted that the design of the dental orthodontic system is based on the digital dental model, and the digital dental model is composed of multiple triangular facets under a unified three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • Each vertex in the facet has its corresponding spatial coordinate value in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the position of one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption after fully erupted is determined based on the spatial coordinate value of each vertex that constitutes it. That is, based on each vertex of the erupting tooth, the offset is expanded by 0-1 mm, which ensures that the erupting tooth and the formed eruption part 120 (the eruption cavity) always keep no contact during the eruption process.
  • the shape of the cylindrical structure is 0-1 mm from the shape of each vertex coordinate value in the spatial three-dimensional coordinate system after the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters erupted completely. More specifically, based on the shape of the tooth that has not grown until the predetermined parameter of eruption is completely erupted, the shape is a definite shape, so the shape of the column structure is determined based on the above definite shape. It should be noted that the design of the dental orthodontic system is based on the digital dental model, and the digital dental model is composed of multiple triangular facets under a unified three-dimensional coordinate system.
  • Each vertex in the patch has its corresponding spatial coordinate value in the three-dimensional coordinate system, and the shape of the tooth that has not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption after fully erupted is based on the spatial coordinate value of each vertex that constitutes it.
  • the shape of the structure is larger than the shape offset range of the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption after complete eruption.
  • the eruption portion 120 (the eruption cavity) can make a smooth transition between its adjacent geometric structures and remain out of contact with the erupting tooth throughout the eruption process.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure described in this embodiment is within the range of the above-mentioned size, position, shape and orientation.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw refer to the teeth that the opposite jaw engages with the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption, and a constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure can be designed through the corresponding teeth of the opposite jaw occlusal surface.
  • the occlusal surface of the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure can be designed as a flat surface, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth, and the occlusal surface of the eruption part 220 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption part 220 can interact with the opposing teeth.
  • the cusps are matched, or the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 220 is matched with the unevenness of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is based on both a first predetermined parameter of a mesial neighbor and a distal neighbor of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters.
  • a second predetermined parameter setting of the tooth is based on both a first predetermined parameter of a mesial neighbor and a distal neighbor of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters.
  • the first predetermined parameters include the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction: the largest dimension L1 in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension D1 in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension H1 in the long axis direction of the tooth.
  • the second predetermined parameter includes the adjacent teeth in the distal direction: the largest dimension L2 in the buccolingual radial direction, the largest dimension D2 in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension H2 in the tooth long axis direction height.
  • the eruption portion 220 provided on the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 is to encapsulate the eruption of the second premolar
  • the first predetermined parameter is the cheek of the first premolar.
  • the second predetermined parameter is the largest dimension in the buccal-lingual diameter direction of the first molar, the largest dimension in the mesiodistal direction and the tooth length.
  • the method for determining the constant or substantially constant column structure based on the first predetermined parameter and the second predetermined parameter may be the constant or substantially constant column structure through arithmetic mean, weighted average, etc. between L 1 and L 2 Determination of the size of the tongue diameter direction; through the arithmetic average, weighted average, etc. between D1 and D2 to determine the size of the mesiodistal direction of the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure ; through the distance between H1 and H2
  • the arithmetic average, weighted average, etc. are used to determine the dimension of the long axis direction of the tooth with a constant or substantially constant column structure.
  • the eruption part 220 can fit the size and shape of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters to the greatest extent in the whole treatment plan.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal surface being a plane or the labial/buccal surface of adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • a smooth transition surface, the lingual surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the lingual surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions, and the occlusal surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the occlusal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 worn by the patient has a relatively smooth shell structure that wraps the teeth, and the patient feels less foreign body in the mouth when wearing.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure means that the shape, size, position and orientation of the main body of the eruption portion 220 are consistent. Since a series of shell-shaped appliances are worn during the treatment process, the teeth will change with the progress of the treatment. When the movement occurs, the smooth transition connection between the eruption part 220 and the adjacent tooth cavity will have some adaptive adjustment of the space.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure may also include only the labial/buccal and lingual sides, but not the occlusal surface.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 220 in this embodiment can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that matches the opposing teeth with concave and convex.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 220 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption portion 220 and the opposing teeth can be sharpened.
  • the socket is matched, or the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 220 is matched with the unevenness of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is set based on third predetermined parameters of distal and mesial neighbors of the one or more teeth that have not grown to eruption predetermined parameters Certainly.
  • the third predetermined parameters include: the maximum size of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction in the buccolingual diameter direction, the maximum size in the mesiodistal direction, and the maximum size in the longitudinal direction of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction. .
  • the eruption portion 220 provided on the orthodontic appliance is to wrap the eruption of the second premolar
  • the third predetermined parameter is the maximum value of the first molar in the buccal-lingual diameter direction.
  • the dimension L3, the maximum dimension D3 in the mesiodistal direction and the maximum dimension H3 in the mesial direction in the long axis direction of the adjacent teeth are used to determine the maximum dimension L3' in the buccal-lingual radial direction of the second premolar eruption portion 220, and the mesiodistal direction
  • the maximum dimension D3' and the maximum dimension H3' of the height of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction along the long axis. Therefore, the cylindrical structure designed based on the maximum dimension in the buccal-lingual diameter direction of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction, the maximum dimension in the mesiodistal direction and the maximum dimension in the long axis direction of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction is sufficient to receive the one.
  • One or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, and the size of the designed cylindrical structure is slightly larger than the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, so as to ensure that the gap between the cylindrical structure and the erupting teeth can be ensured. Gap settings.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylindrical structure includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal surface being a plane or the labial/buccal surface of its proximal and distal neighbors
  • a curved surface with a smooth transition on the side is a plane or a curved surface with a smooth transition with the lingual side of the proximal and distal adjacent teeth
  • the occlusal surface is a plane or smooth with the occlusal surface of the proximal and distal adjacent teeth transition surface.
  • the constant or substantially constant column structure is further set based on the size, position, shape and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, So that the constant or substantially constant column structure does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 220 in this embodiment can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth.
  • the occlusal surface of the erupting portion 220 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption portion 220 and the opposing teeth can be sharpened.
  • the socket is matched, or the occlusal surface of the eruption portion 220 is matched with the unevenness of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the constant or substantially constant cylinder structure is a cylinder structure, an elliptical cylinder, or a polygonal prism structure with no less than four lateral edges, which can be set according to the number and type of erupted teeth, or Adaptive selection can be made according to the eruption gap that exists between adjacent teeth.
  • the geometry of the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 other than the eruption portion 220 enables the teeth other than the unerupted teeth to be gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target orthodontic position. That is, the eruption portion 220 in this embodiment only reserves a growth space for the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, so that the shell-shaped dental appliance 200 as a whole will not interfere with the natural growth of the erupted teeth, but The eruption portion 220 of this embodiment does not have a corrective effect on the erupted teeth that grow abnormally. That is, if the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are deformed teeth, the eruption part 220 of the present embodiment is also set according to the erupted teeth, without orthodontic intervention.
  • the geometric structures of the shell-shaped dental appliance 100 except for the eruption portion 120 enable the teeth other than the unerupted teeth to be gradually adjusted from the initial position to the target orthodontic position, that is, the geometric structures except for the eruption portion 120 are the difference between the other teeth except the erupted portion 120. Teeth other than budding teeth have an orthodontic effect so that the eruption of budding is not interfered with while the teeth are aligned.
  • This embodiment also provides a method for preparing an orthodontic system.
  • the shell-shaped orthodontic appliance in the dental appliance system obtained according to any one of the design methods described in Embodiment 2 is formed by hot-pressing film or by using The material manufacturing process is used to obtain the series of shell-shaped dental appliances.
  • the specific preparation method includes: 3D printing based on the digital dental model and a series of intermediate digital dental models to produce a solid dental model, and then printing in the The shell-shaped dental appliance containing the tooth shape is obtained by thermoforming on the solid dental model, and then the shell-shaped dental appliance containing the tooth shape is cut along the gum line or adjacent to the gum line to obtain a shell capable of accommodating the teeth. shaped dental appliances.
  • the specific manufacturing process is to use the 3D printing method to print and manufacture the designed shell-shaped dental appliance digital model.
  • a method for predicting the eruption cavity of a shell-shaped dental appliance at least one shell-shaped dental appliance 400 capable of simultaneously performing tooth eruption by gradually adjusting teeth from an initial position to a target orthodontic position according to a treatment plan design; one of the shell-shaped dental appliances
  • the appliance 400 includes an appliance body 410 that accommodates a geometry of multiple teeth in the upper jaw or multiple teeth in the lower jaw, and at least one eruption cavity 420 that accommodates one or more teeth that have not grown to predetermined parameters for eruption; the eruption cavity 420 simultaneously
  • the eruption cavity 420 is predicted based on the first predetermined parameter of the mesial adjacent tooth and the second predetermined parameter of the distal adjacent tooth of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameter of eruption, so that the eruption
  • the inner surface of the cavity 420 and the outer surface of the teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption are set with a gap; the predetermined parameters of eruption are designed to include the teeth after the one or more teeth that are not grown or not fully grown are fully erupted parameter.
  • the eruption predetermined parameters include the size, position, shape and orientation of the teeth after full eruption of the one or more ungrown or undergrown teeth.
  • the size, position, shape and orientation may be the size, position, shape and orientation of the incompletely grown teeth obtained based on the patient's CBCT, or the ungrown or incompletely grown teeth obtained based on one or more denture banks The size, position, shape and orientation of the growing tooth, or the size, position, shape and orientation of the ungrown or incompletely grown tooth based on statistics based on big data.
  • the first predetermined parameter includes the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction: the largest dimension in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension in the tooth long axis direction; the first The two predetermined parameters include the adjacent teeth in the distal direction: the largest dimension in the buccolingual radial direction, the largest dimension in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension in the tooth long axis direction height.
  • the first predetermined parameters include the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction: the largest dimension L1 in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension D1 in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension H1 in the long axis direction of the tooth.
  • the second predetermined parameters include the adjacent teeth in the distal direction: the largest dimension L2 in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the largest dimension D2 in the mesiodistal direction, and the largest dimension H2 in the height of the tooth in the long axis direction.
  • the eruption cavity 420 provided on the shell-shaped dental appliance 400 is to wrap the eruption of the second premolar
  • the first predetermined parameter is the first premolar.
  • the second predetermined parameter is the largest dimension in the buccal-lingual radial direction of the first molar, the largest dimension in the mesio-distal direction and the tooth The maximum size of the height in the long axis direction.
  • the method for determining the eruption cavity 420 based on the first predetermined parameter and the second predetermined parameter can be determined by the arithmetic mean, weighted average, etc.
  • the size of the eruption cavity 420 in the buccal-lingual radial direction is determined by means of arithmetic mean, weighted mean, etc. between D1 and D2; size determination.
  • the eruption cavity 420 can fit the size and shape of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters for eruption to the greatest extent in the whole treatment plan.
  • the eruption cavity 420 includes a labial/buccal side, a lingual side, and an occlusal surface, the labial/buccal side being a plane or a smooth transition with the labial/buccal side of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions
  • the lingual surface is a plane or a smooth transition surface with the lingual surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions
  • the occlusal surface is a plane or a smooth transition with the occlusal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions. surface.
  • the eruption cavity 420 is further set based on the size, position, shape, and orientation of the opposing jaw corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters for eruption, so that the eruption cavity 420 is
  • the structure of the cavity 420 does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption cavity 420 in this embodiment can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption cavity 420 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption cavity 420 can be connected to the opposing teeth.
  • the teeth are matched with the cusps, or the occlusal surface of the eruption cavity 420 is matched with the concave and convex of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • a method for predicting the eruption cavity of a shell-shaped dental appliance at least one shell-shaped dental appliance 500 capable of simultaneously performing tooth eruption and gradually adjusting teeth from an initial position to a target orthodontic position according to a treatment plan design; one of the shell-shaped dental appliances
  • the appliance 500 includes an appliance body 510 that accommodates an upper or lower multiple tooth geometry and at least one eruption cavity 520 that accommodates one or more teeth that have not grown to a predetermined parameter; the eruption cavity 520 is based on The third predetermined parameter predictions of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction and the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters of eruption, so that the inner surface of the eruption cavity 520 is different from the predetermined parameters of eruption.
  • the outer surfaces of the teeth of the parameters are all set with gaps; the eruption predetermined parameters are designed to include the tooth parameters after the one or more ungrown or incompletely grown teeth have fully erupted.
  • the third predetermined parameters include: the maximum size of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction in the buccal-lingual radial direction, the maximum size in the mesiodistal direction, and the height of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction in the long axis direction of the teeth. biggest size.
  • the eruption cavity 520 provided on the shell-shaped dental appliance 500 is to wrap the eruption of the second premolar
  • the third predetermined parameter is the buccal-lingual diameter of the first molar.
  • the eruption cavity 520 is designed based on the maximum size in the buccal-lingual diameter direction of the adjacent teeth in the distal direction, the maximum size in the mesiodistal direction, and the maximum size in the long axis direction of the adjacent teeth in the mesial direction, and is sufficient to receive the one
  • the size of the designed eruption cavity 520 is slightly larger than the size of the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters, so as to ensure the gap between the eruption cavity 520 and the erupting teeth. Able to set gaps.
  • the eruption cavity 520 includes a labial/buccal surface, a lingual surface and an occlusal surface
  • the labial/buccal surface is a flat surface or a curved surface smoothly transitioning from the labial/buccal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • the lingual surface is a plane or a curved surface that smoothly transitions to the lingual surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions
  • the occlusal surface is a plane or a curved surface that smoothly transitions to the occlusal surface of the adjacent teeth in the proximal and distal directions.
  • the eruption cavity 520 is further set based on the size, position, shape, and orientation of the opposing teeth corresponding to the one or more teeth that have not grown to the predetermined parameters for eruption, so that the The structure of the eruption cavity 520 does not affect the setting of the occlusal relationship between the upper and lower jaws.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption cavity 520 in this embodiment can be designed as a plane, a curved surface, or a structure that is concave-convex matching with the opposing teeth.
  • the occlusal surface of the eruption cavity 520 can be designed according to the opposing teeth, so that the eruption cavity 520 can be connected to the opposing teeth.
  • the teeth are matched with the cusps, or the occlusal surface of the eruption cavity 520 is matched with the concave and convex of the occlusal surface of the opposing teeth.
  • the eruption cavity 520 is a cylindrical structure, an elliptical cylinder, or a polygonal prism structure with no less than four side edges, which can be set according to the number and type of missing teeth, or can be set according to the adjacent teeth. Adaptive selection for the eruption gap that exists between the teeth.

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Abstract

一种牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法。牙齿矫治系统包括壳状牙齿矫治器（100），矫治器本体（110）上还设有与一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿间隙设置的萌出部（120），随着矫治计划的进行，每个壳状牙齿矫治器（100）上萌出部（120）均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构。壳状牙齿矫治器（100）具有矫正牙齿畸形的效果，同时萌出部（120）用于接纳未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，萌出部（120）与萌牙的间隙设置使得矫治器本体（110）在佩戴后，会于萌牙的上方预留出牙齿生长的空间，因而各壳状牙齿矫治器（100）在佩戴时均不会干涉牙齿的自然生长；另外，萌出部（120）的设计、使用更加简单，其可以作为一个标准附件，使用时通过选定该标准附件在牙颌模型上插入即可。

Description

牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2020年12月31日递交的中国专利申请202011638977.8和202023325100.1的优先权权益，它们的全部内容在此通过援引并入本文。
技术领域
本申请属于医疗器械领域，具体涉及隐形牙齿矫正领域，更具体地涉及一种牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法，应用于青少年替牙期的牙齿矫治。
背景技术
隐形矫治器凭借其美观，佩戴舒适，矫治效果佳，被广大消费者所认可。其中青少年为一部分特殊的病例，其一定阶段中会有乳牙脱落，恒牙萌出的阶段，与成人恒牙矫治有所区别，在使用隐形矫治器进行矫治的过程中若按照与其口内实际的模型相同的结构进行牙齿矫治，则有可能会出现隐形矫治器中对应没有萌出牙齿的部分被隐形矫治器覆盖，随着牙齿的萌出，隐形矫治器对应的位置处由于覆盖邻近牙龈，萌芽没有足够的空间萌出而影响牙齿的正常萌出，或者在牙齿萌出后会出现隐形牙齿矫治无法佩戴的现象。
现有技术中有的方法采用萌出空间与牙齿萌出随动设计的方法，但是上述方法存在一定的问题，如患者口内牙齿萌出过程中综合因素较多，在进行矫治计划设计过程中，如果萌出空间设计不合理，就有可能会出现萌出空间与牙齿之间相互接触，产生作用力，而影响牙齿正常萌出的效果；另外，随动设计过程中对于牙齿萌出速度及萌出参数的预测若不精准，还有可能发生萌出设计误差的结果，产生患者无法正常佩戴矫治器的效果。
上述效果均是在矫治过程中不希望产生的，因此，设计一种随着矫治计划的进行，萌出空间设计简单，并且不影响牙齿的正常生长萌出的矫治系统及其设计方法具有重要的意义。
发明内容
本申请的主要目的是提供一种牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法，应用于青少年替牙期的牙齿矫治，以使壳状牙齿矫治器在矫治牙齿畸形的过程中同时进行牙齿萌出。
本申请部分实施例提供了一种牙齿矫治系统，包括根据矫治计划使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且同时允许牙齿自然萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器，所述壳状牙齿矫治器包括矫治器本体，所述矫治器本体包括用于容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构，所述矫治器本体上还设有至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出部；随着矫治计划的进行，每个所述壳状牙齿矫治器上的萌出部均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构，且所述萌出部的内表面与所述未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数包括一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后的牙齿参数。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出预定参数包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定。
具体的，随着矫治计划的进行，所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的邻牙进行矫治移动，因而对萌出部的柱体结构会有光滑过渡的适当调整，以使萌出部与其余壳状本体的连接顺畅。在一些实施例中，所述柱体结构的尺寸为：所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸的1.02-1.05倍；该尺寸下的柱体结构略大于该牙齿完全萌出之后的尺寸，使萌出部与一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿之间能够间隙设置。所述柱体结构的朝向为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿长轴朝向呈0-5°的角度；所述柱体结构的位置为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的位置在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm；所述柱体结构的形状为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的形状在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm。在上述的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向的范围下即为本实施例中所述的恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构同时基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的近中方向邻牙的第一预定参数以及远中方向邻牙的第二预定参数设定。
在一些具体实施例中，所述第一预定参数包括所述近中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸；所述第二预定参数 包括所述远中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的远中方向邻牙和远中方向邻牙的第三预定参数设定。
在一些具体实施例中，所述第三预定参数包括：所述远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸，和所述近中方向牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构为圆柱体结构、椭圆柱体或侧棱数不少于四的多棱柱体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器上除萌出部之外的几何结构使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置。
本申请部分实施例还提供了一种牙齿矫治系统的设计方法，包括如下步骤S1至S4。
S1.数字化牙颌模型的获取：获取一数字化牙颌模型，所述数字化牙颌模型包括数字化牙齿模型及数字化牙龈模型；
S2.数字化牙颌模型的切割和识别：将所述数字化牙颌模型分割为独立的数字化牙龈模型和单颗数字化牙冠模型；识别并标记表示未萌出或者未完全萌出的牙齿的数据；
S3.矫治计划的虚拟设计：将所述单颗数字化牙冠模型进行虚拟设计，以使所述单颗数字化牙冠模型由初始位置逐渐变化至目标矫治位置，得到一系列中间数字化牙颌模型；
S4.牙齿矫治系统的设计：
根据矫治计划设计使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且能够同时进行牙齿萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器，所述壳状牙齿矫治器包括矫治器本体，所述矫治器本体包括用于容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构，所述矫治器本体上还设有至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出部；
随着矫治计划的进行，每个所述壳状牙齿矫治器上的萌出部均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构，且所述萌出部的内表面与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数设计为包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的参数。
在上述的设计方法的一个实施例中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器上除萌出部之外的几何结构被设计为使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置。
此外，本申请部分实施例还提供了一种牙齿矫治系统的制备方法，将根据上文所述的设计方法得到的牙科矫正器系统中的壳状牙齿矫治器，采用热压膜成型或者采用增材制造的工艺制作，得到所述一系列壳状牙齿矫治器。
申请申请与现有技术相比，本申请具有以下优势。
本申请所提供的用于隐形牙齿矫正的牙齿矫治系统，包括壳状牙齿矫治器，所述壳状牙齿矫治器包括矫治器本体，矫治器本体上还设有萌出部，随着矫治计划的进行，每个所述壳状牙齿矫治器上萌出部均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构；该壳状牙齿矫治器具有矫正牙齿畸形的效果，同时矫治器本体上设置的萌出部用于接纳未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，萌出部与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的间隙设置使得矫治器本体在佩戴后，会于一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的上方预留出牙齿生长的空间，因而整个矫治系统的各壳状牙齿矫治器在佩戴时均不会干涉牙齿的自然生长；另外，本申请具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的萌出部使得各矫治器及萌出部的设计、使用更加简单，萌出部可以作为一个标准附件，使用时通过选定该标准附件在牙颌模型上插入即可。
实施本申请的任一产品可以实现以上所述优势的一部分或全部。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例1的壳状牙齿矫治器的正视结构示意图。
图2是本申请实施例1的壳状牙齿矫治器的侧视结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例1的另一壳状牙齿矫治器的正视结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例1的另一壳状牙齿矫治器的侧视结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例1的壳状牙齿矫治器佩戴的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例2的牙齿矫治系统的设计方法的示意图。
图7是本申请实施例2的壳状牙齿矫治器的正视结构示意图。
图8是本申请实施例2的壳状牙齿矫治器的侧视结构示意图。
图9是本申请实施例2的另一壳状牙齿矫治器的正视结构示意图。
图10是本申请实施例2的另一壳状牙齿矫治器的侧视结构示意图。
图11是本申请实施例4的壳状牙齿矫治器的正视结构示意图。
图12是本申请实施例4的壳状牙齿矫治器的侧视结构示意图。
图13是本申请实施例5的壳状牙齿矫治器的正视结构示意图。
图14是本申请实施例5的壳状牙齿矫治器的侧视结构示意图。
附图标记：壳状牙齿矫治器(100，200，400，500)；萌出部(120，220)，矫治器本体(110，210，410，510)；萌出空腔(420，520)。
具体实施方式
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，“一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿”，也即“一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿”，也记作“萌牙”，也记作“萌出牙齿”。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
如在本说明书中所使用的，单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“该”包括复数对象，除非内容另外明确指出外。
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本申请。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种牙齿矫治系统，包括根据矫治计划使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且同时允许牙齿自然萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器100，参见图1-图5，为本实施例的壳状牙齿矫治器的结构示意图，所述壳状牙齿矫治器包括矫治器本体110，所述矫治器本体110包括用于容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构，所述矫治器本体110上还设有至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出部120；随着矫治计划的进行，每个所述壳状牙齿矫治器100上的萌出部120均具有恒定或基本恒 定的柱体结构，且所述萌出部120的内表面与所述未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数包括一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后的牙齿的参数。
本实施例提供的用于隐形牙齿矫正的牙齿矫治系统，适用于替牙期的青少年的牙齿矫治。由于牙齿矫治计划的周期较长，半年甚至更长的矫治周期，处于替牙期的患者，在进行牙齿矫治时需要考虑到萌牙对于矫治计划的影响，设计用于容纳萌牙的空间，在进行牙科矫正系统设计时，确保了萌牙不会受到与壳状矫正器相互作用产生的力，而影响萌出。否则用于矫治的壳体将覆盖在萌牙处的牙龈上方，会抑制萌牙的生长。
具体的，本实施例的壳状牙齿矫治器100(也记作矫治器)具有矫正牙齿畸形的效果，同时矫治器本体110上设置的萌出部120用于接纳未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，萌出部120内表面与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的间隙设置使得矫治器本体110在佩戴后，会于一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的上方预留出牙齿生长的空间，因而该壳状牙齿矫治器100在佩戴时不会干涉牙齿的自然生长。其中，本实施例的牙齿矫治系统适用于具有多个矫治阶段的矫治计划，随着矫治计划的进行，各矫治器本体110的萌出部120均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构，以使在整个牙齿矫治系统中各矫治器本体110始终不会触碰到该未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿。另外，萌出部120的结构使得各矫治器及萌出部120的设计、使用更加简单，其(萌出部120)可以作为一个标准附件，使用时通过选定该标准附件在牙颌模型上插入即可。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出预定参数包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向。其中，该尺寸、位置、形状和朝向可以是基于患者CBCT所获得的未完全生长的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向，或者是基于一个或多个假牙库而获取的该未生长或未完全生长的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向，或者是基于大数据下统计的该未生长或未完全生长的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定。
具体的，随着矫治计划的进行，所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的邻牙进行矫治移动，因而对萌出部120的柱体结构会有光滑过渡的适当调整，以使萌出部120与其余壳状本体的连接顺畅。
在一些实施例中，所述柱体结构的尺寸为所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸的1.02-1.05倍；更具体地说，基于上述牙齿完全萌出之后的尺寸，该尺寸为固定尺寸，并且不会变化，因此基于上述固定尺寸再放大1.02-1.05倍设 计的柱体结构，其较一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的尺寸大，确保了一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿在萌出过程中与萌出部120(萌出空腔)的内表面始终保持不接触。
所述柱体结构的朝向为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿长轴朝向呈0-5°的角度；更具体地说，基于一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的朝向，该朝向为确定朝向，因此基于该确定的朝向而设计的柱体结构的朝向，其较一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的朝向角度范围更大，即以未萌出或未完全萌出牙齿的长轴为基准进行0-5°角度朝向的扩大，确保了未萌出或未完全萌出的牙齿在萌出过程中与形成的萌出部120(萌出空腔)始终保持不接触。
所述柱体结构的位置为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的位置在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm；更具体地说，基于上述萌牙完全萌出之后的位置，该位置为确定位置，柱体结构各顶点位置分别基于上述确定位置自萌出部120的内部向外进行偏移。需要说明的是，在进行牙科矫正系统设计时，是基于数字化的牙颌模型进行的，而数字化的牙颌模型是在统一的三维坐标系下，由多个三角面片组成的，每个三角面片中的各个顶点在三维坐标系中均有其对应的空间坐标值，该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后的位置确定是基于组成其的每个顶点的空间坐标值组成的，即以萌牙的各个顶点为基准进行0-1mm偏移量的扩大，确保了萌牙在萌出过程中与形成的萌出部120(萌出空腔)始终保持不接触。
所述柱体结构的形状为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的形状在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm。更具体地说，基于上述未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后的形状，该形状为确定形状，因此基于上述确定形状进行柱体结构的形状的确定。需要说明的是，在进行牙科矫正系统设计时，是基于数字化的牙颌模型进行的，而数字化的牙颌模型是在统一的三维坐标系下，由多个三角面片组成的，每个三角面片中的各个顶点在三维坐标系中均有其对应的空间坐标值。该未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的形状是基于组成其的每个顶点的空间坐标值，而柱体结构的形状较未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的形状偏移量范围更大，即以未萌出或未完全萌出牙齿的组成的各个顶点为基准进行0-1mm偏移量的扩大，萌出部120(萌出空腔)能够与其相邻的几何结构之间进行光滑过渡且与萌牙在萌出过程中始终保持不接触。在上述的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向的范围下即为本实施例中所述的恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗 未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。其中，对颌的对应的牙齿指的是对颌与该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿进行咬合的牙齿，通过该对颌对应的牙齿可以设计恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的咬合面。恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出部120的咬合面，可以使萌出部120与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出部120的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构是同时基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的近中方向邻牙的第一预定参数以及远中方向邻牙的第二预定参数设定。
在一些具体实施例中，所述第一预定参数包括近中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L1、近远中方向的最大尺寸D1和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H1。所述第二预定参数包括所述远中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L 2、近远中方向的最大尺寸D 2和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H 2。在其中一种实施例中，如图1、图2所示，壳状牙齿矫治器100上设置的萌出部120为包裹第二前磨牙萌出，此时第一预定参数为第一前磨牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L 1、近远中方向的最大尺寸D 1和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H 1；第二预定参数为第一磨牙颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L 2、近远中方向的最大尺寸D 2和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H 2。而基于第一预定参数和第二预定参数进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的确定，可以通过L 1与L 2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构颊舌径方向的尺寸的确定；通过D 1与D 2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构近远中方向的尺寸的确定；通过H 1与H 2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构牙齿长轴方向的尺寸的确定。以实现在整个矫治计划中萌出部120能够最大程度的契合所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的尺寸和形状。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。此种设置结构，使得壳状牙齿矫治器100具有较光滑的包裹牙齿的壳体结构，患者佩戴时口内异物感较小。需要说明的是恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构是指萌出部120的形状、尺寸、位置和朝向是一致的，由于在一系列壳状矫正器佩戴矫治过程中，牙齿会随着矫治的进行而发生移动，萌出部120因与邻牙几何结 构的光滑过渡连接会有部分空间的适应性调整。当然，在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还可以仅包括唇/颊侧面和舌侧面，而不包括咬合面。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。本实施例的萌出部120的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出部120的咬合面，可以使萌出部120与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出部120的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的远中方向邻牙和近中方向邻牙的第三预定参数设定。
在一些具体实施例中，第三预定参数包括：所述远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸，和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。在一些具体实施例中，如图3、图4所示，壳状牙齿矫治器上设置的萌出部120为包裹第二前磨牙萌出，此时第三预定参数为第一磨牙颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L3、近远中方向的最大尺寸D3，和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H3，来确定第二前磨牙萌出部120的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L3’、近远中方向的最大尺寸D3’和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H3’。基于远中方向的邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和近中方向邻牙牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸而设计的柱体结构，足够接纳所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，并且使得设计的柱体结构的尺寸略大于该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，以保证柱体结构与萌牙之间能够间隙设置。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。此种设置结构，使得患者佩戴的壳状牙齿矫治器100具有较光滑的包裹牙齿的壳体结构，患者佩戴时口内异物感较小。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。本实施例的萌出部120的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出部120的咬合面，可以使萌出部120与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出部120的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构为圆柱体结构、椭圆柱体或侧棱数不少于四的多棱柱体结构，可以根据萌牙的数量、类型进行设置，也可以根据相邻牙齿之间存在的萌出间隙进行适应性选择。
在一些实施例中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器100上除萌出部120之外的几何结构使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置。即本实施例中的萌出部120仅为所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿预留生长的空间，使得壳状牙齿矫治器100整体不会干涉萌牙的自然生长，但本实施例的萌出部120对于畸形生长的萌牙并不具有矫治作用。即，如果该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿为畸形生长的牙齿，本实施例的萌出部120也根据该萌牙进行设置，而不对其进行矫治干预。而壳状牙齿矫治器100上除萌出部120之外的几何结构使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置，即为除萌出部120之外的几何结构对其余除萌牙之外的牙齿具有矫治作用，使得在排齐牙齿的同时不干预萌芽的萌出。
实施例2
本实施例提供了一种牙齿矫治系统的设计方法，如图6所示，为本实施例的设计方法的示意图，所述牙齿矫治系统为如实施例1所述的任一牙齿矫治系统，所述设计方法包括如下步骤S1至S4。
S1.数字化牙颌模型的获取：获取一数字化牙颌模型，所述数字化牙颌模型包括数字化牙齿模型及数字化牙龈模型。
S2.数字化牙颌模型的切割和识别：将所述数字化牙颌模型分割为独立的数字化牙龈模型和单颗数字化牙冠模型；识别并标记表示未萌出或者未完全萌出的牙齿的数据。
S3.矫治计划的虚拟设计：将所述单颗数字化牙冠模型进行虚拟设计，以使所述单颗数字化牙冠模型由初始位置逐渐变化至目标矫治位置，得到一系列中间数字化牙颌模型。
S4.牙齿矫治系统的设计：
根据矫治计划设计使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且能够同时进行牙齿萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器200，所述壳状牙齿矫治器200包括矫治器本体210，所述矫治器本体210包括用于容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构，所述矫治器本体210上还设有至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出部220；
随着矫治计划的进行，所述每个壳状牙齿矫治器200上的萌出部220均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构，且所述萌出部220的内表面与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置。
具体的，在本实施例所述的设计方法中，步骤S1中数字化上颌牙颌模型和下颌牙 颌模型的获取可以采用如下任一的方法：通过层析X射线扫描(CAT扫描)、数字化断层X线扫描(CT)、锥束CT扫描(CBCT)、核磁共振造像(MRI)、口内光学扫描等手段获得表示原始牙齿布局的数字模型；或者，可以先用常规手段制作患者牙齿的石膏铸件，再通过扫描设备比如激光扫描设备、CT扫描设备扫描该石膏铸件，获得表示原始牙齿布局的数字模型。
具体的，在本实施例所述的设计方法中，步骤S2中数字化牙颌模型的切割可以采用如下的非限制性实施例。
S200：选取待分割的数字化牙颌模型上的第一类特征点，所述数字化牙颌模型为三角面片模型。
S201：根据第一类特征点对所述数字化牙颌模型中第二类特征点进行分类，确定各第二类特征点所属的牙齿。
S202：分别合并属于每颗牙齿的所述第二类特征点，获得数字化牙颌模型分割后的各单颗牙齿的数字化牙齿区域。
上述的第一类特征点为基于数字化牙颌模型选取的且用于对牙颌中各单颗牙齿的分割进行导向的三角面片顶点，第二类特征点为基于数字化牙颌模型选取的且用于表征数字化牙颌模型整体形状的三角面片顶点；也即是，第一类特征点是用来对牙颌的分割进行导向，而第二类特征点是具体分割牙颌时的特征点；通过第一类特征点的分割导向，能将第二类特征点精确地分类到各个牙齿，进而提高牙颌的分割精度。
通过在数字化牙颌模型整体上选取第一类特征点，继而根据第一类特征点对数字化牙颌模型上第二类特征点进行分类再集合，实现单颗牙齿的分割，由于两类特征点是基于数字化牙颌模型整体选取的，特征点的分类信息涵盖了数字化牙颌模型整体的分类特征，所以即使模型存在噪声数据，也会将噪声数据均摊至全局数据中，使得整个分割方法的容错率高，单颗牙齿得以分割得更为准确，确保每颗牙齿的完整性。
进一步的，步骤S2中对切割后的牙齿模型进行牙齿的识别并标记，识别并标记表示未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿的数据的具体实施方式可以为先进行牙位的识别，在将识别后的牙齿与标准牙齿的体积进行比较，当识别后的牙齿体积小于对应标准牙齿体积在一定阈值内即标记为未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，上述阈值例如为标准牙齿体积的一半。
更具体地，牙位识别的方法可以采用如下方法：步骤1：建立第一先验模型、第二先验模型和第三先验模型；其中，所述第一先验模型包括采集已有的牙齿模型中每两颗相邻牙齿的间距以及该间距对应的缺牙数量，为不同数量缺失牙齿的间距计算概率分布函数值；所述第二先验模型包括采集已有的牙齿模型中每颗牙齿的表征位置的特征量，为具有 相同编号的牙齿的至少是表征位置的特征量计算概率分布函数值；所述第三先验模型包括采集已有的牙齿模型中牙齿未缺失、或不同数量的牙齿缺失后每两颗相邻牙齿的牙位排列情况，计算牙位排列情况的概率分布函数值；步骤2：获取待测试牙齿模型的每颗牙齿的表征位置的特征量以及相邻两颗牙齿之间的间距；步骤3：基于隐马尔科夫模型确定待测试牙齿模型的牙位。根据上述方法进行牙位的识别，之后根据牙位标记与标准牙齿模型进行牙齿体积的比较，如采用特征点坐标值的变化在一定阈值范围内进行比较，并判断是否标记为未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿。
具体的，在本实施例所述的设计方法中，在步骤S3中，将所述单颗数字化牙冠模型进行虚拟设计，以使所述单颗数字化牙冠模型由初始位置逐渐变化至目标矫治位置，得到一系列中间数字化牙颌模型；其中，所述初始位置可以是正畸矫治开始前的牙齿原始布局，或者是矫治过程中的任一阶段，所述目标矫治位置为牙齿矫治后的任一阶段，可以是牙齿原始布局的后一阶段或者后几个阶段；目标矫治位置可以为经过医生及医学设计人员根据患者诉求及口内情况进行最终矫治效果的位置，也可以根据口内数字化设计软件，根据相似病例进行目标矫治位置的推荐，也可以根据推荐结果进行对患者治疗更加有针对性的调整。
具体的，在本实施例所述的设计方法中，在步骤S4中，牙齿矫治系统的设计，根据矫治计划设计使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且能够同时进行牙齿萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器200，该壳状牙齿矫治器200可以用于矫治计划中的任一矫治阶段，如矫治的初始阶段或矫治的最终阶段。所述的具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的萌出部220可以设置为一标准附件，方便临床医生或其他使用者在进行壳状牙齿矫治器200的设计时，直接选择该标准附件插入牙颌模型即可，使用方便。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定。
具体的，随着矫治计划的进行，所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的邻牙进行矫治移动，因而对萌出部220的柱体结构会有光滑过渡的适当调整，以使萌出部220与其余壳状本体的连接顺畅。在一些实施例中，所述柱体结构的尺寸为所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸的1.02-1.05倍；更具体地说，基于上述未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后的尺寸，该尺寸为固定尺寸，并且不会变化，因此基于上述固定尺寸设计的柱体结构，其较未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的尺寸大，确保了未萌出或未完全萌出的牙齿在萌出过程中与形成的萌出腔体始终保持不接触。
所述柱体结构的朝向为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿长轴朝向呈0-5°的角度；更具体地说，基于上述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的朝向，该朝向为确定朝向，因此基于上述确定朝向进行柱体结构朝向的确定，该朝向较未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后的朝向角度范围更大，即以未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿的长轴为基准进行0-5°角度朝向的扩大，确保了未萌出或未完全萌出的牙齿在萌出过程中与形成的萌出部220(萌出空腔)始终保持不接触。
所述柱体结构的位置为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的位置在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm；更具体地说，基于上述未生长至萌出预定参数萌牙完全萌出之后的位置，该位置为确定位置柱体结构各顶点位置分别基于上述确定位置自萌出部120的内部向外进行偏移。需要说明的是，在进行牙科矫正系统设计时，是基于数字化的牙颌模型进行的，而数字化的牙颌模型是在统一的三维坐标系下，由多个三角面片组成的，每个三角面片中的各个顶点在三维坐标系中均有其对应的空间坐标值，一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后的位置确定是基于组成其的每个顶点的空间坐标值组成的，即以萌牙的各个顶点为基准进行0-1mm偏移量的扩大，确保了萌牙在萌出过程中与形成的萌出部120(萌出空腔)始终保持不接触。
所述柱体结构的形状为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的形状在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm。更具体地说，基于上述未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后的形状，该形状为确定形状，因此基于上述确定形状进行柱体结构的形状的确定。需要说明的是，在进行牙科矫正系统设计时，是基于数字化的牙颌模型进行的，而数字化的牙颌模型是在统一的三维坐标系下，由多个三角面片组成的，每个三角面片中的各个顶点在三维坐标系中均有其对应的空间坐标值，该未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的形状是基于组成其的每个顶点的空间坐标值，而柱体结构的形状较未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后的形状偏移量范围更大，即以未萌出或未完全萌出牙齿的组成的各个顶点为基准进行0-1mm偏移量的扩大，萌出部120(萌出空腔)能够与其相邻的几何结构之间进行光滑过渡且与萌牙在萌出过程中始终保持不接触。在上述的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向的范围下即为本实施例中所述的恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。其中，对颌的对应的牙齿指的是对颌与该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿进行咬合的牙齿，通过该对颌对应的牙齿可 以设计恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的咬合面。恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出部220的咬合面，可以使萌出部220与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出部220的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构是同时基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的近中方向邻牙的第一预定参数以及远中方向邻牙的第二预定参数设定。
在一些具体实施例中，所述第一预定参数包括近中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L1、近远中方向的最大尺寸D1和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H1。所述第二预定参数包括所述远中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L2、近远中方向的最大尺寸D2和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H 2。在其中一种实施例中，如图7、图8所示，壳状牙齿矫治器200上设置的萌出部220为包裹第二前磨牙萌出，此时第一预定参数为第一前磨牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸；第二预定参数为第一磨牙颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。而基于第一预定参数和第二预定参数进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构的确定方法可以通过L 1与L 2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构颊舌径方向的尺寸的确定；通过D 1与D 2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构近远中方向的尺寸的确定；通过H 1与H 2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构牙齿长轴方向的尺寸的确定。以实现在整个矫治计划中萌出部220能够最大程度的契合所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的尺寸和形状。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。此种设置结构，使得患者佩戴的壳状牙齿矫治器200具有较光滑的包裹牙齿的壳体结构，患者佩戴时口内异物感较小。需要说明的是恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构是指萌出部220的主体形状、尺寸、位置和朝向是一致的，由于一系列壳状矫正器佩戴矫治过程中，牙齿会随着矫治的进行而发生移动，萌出部220与邻牙腔体光滑过渡连接会有部分空间的适应性调整。在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还可以仅包括唇/颊侧面和舌侧面，而不包括咬合面。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗 未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。本实施例的萌出部220的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出部220的咬合面，可以使萌出部220与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出部220的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的远中方向邻牙和近中方向邻牙的第三预定参数设定。
在一些具体实施例中，第三预定参数包括：所述远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸，和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。在一些具体实施例中，如图9、图10所示，状牙齿矫治器上设置的萌出部220为包裹第二前磨牙萌出，此时第三预定参数为第一磨牙颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L3、近远中方向的最大尺寸D3和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H3，来确定第二前磨牙萌出部220的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L3’、近远中方向的最大尺寸D3’和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H3’。因而，基于远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和近中方向邻牙牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸而设计的柱体结构，足够接纳所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，并且使得设计的柱体结构的尺寸略大于该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，以保证柱体结构与萌牙之间能够间隙设置。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其所述近、远中邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。此种设置结构，使得患者佩戴的壳状牙齿矫治器200具有较光滑的包裹牙齿的壳体结构，患者佩戴时口内异物感较小。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。本实施例的萌出部220的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出部220的咬合面，可以使萌出部220与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出部220的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构为圆柱体结构、椭圆柱体或侧棱数不少于四的多棱柱体结构，可以根据萌牙的数量、类型进行设置，也可以根据相邻牙齿之间存在的萌出间隙进行适应性选择。
在一些实施例中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器200上除萌出部220之外的几何结构使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置。即本实施例中的萌出部220仅为所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿预留生长的空间，使得壳状牙齿矫治器200整体不会干涉萌牙的自然生长，但本实施例的萌出部220对于畸形生长的萌牙并不具有矫治作用。即，如果该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿为畸形生长的牙齿，本实施例的萌出部220也根据该萌牙进行设置，而不对其进行矫治干预。而壳状牙齿矫治器100上除萌出部120之外的几何结构使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置，即为除萌出部120之外的几何结构对其余除萌牙之外的牙齿具有矫治作用，使得在排齐牙齿的同时不干预萌芽的萌出。
实施例3
本实施例中还提供了一种牙齿矫治系统的制备方法，将根据实施例2任一所述的设计方法得到的牙科矫正器系统中的壳状牙齿矫治器，采用热压膜成型或者采用增材制造的工艺制作，得到所述一系列壳状牙齿矫治器。
例如，当采用所述热压膜成型工艺制作时，具体的制备方法包括：基于所述数字化牙颌模型及一系列中间数字化牙颌模型进行3D打印，制作出实体的牙颌模型，之后在所述实体的牙颌模型上热压成型的方式得到包含牙齿形状的壳状牙科器械，之后在所述包含牙齿形状的壳状牙科器械上沿牙龈线或邻近牙龈线处切割得到能够容纳牙齿的壳状牙齿矫治器。
例如，当采用增材制造的工艺制作时，具体的制作工艺为采用3D打印的方法对设计出来的壳状牙齿矫治器数字模型进行打印制作。
实施例4
一种壳状牙齿矫治器萌出空腔的预测方法，根据矫治计划设计使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且能够同时进行牙齿萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器400；其中一个壳状牙齿矫治器400包括容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构的矫治器本体410和至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出空腔420；萌出空腔420同时基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的近中方向邻牙的第一预定参数以及远中方向邻牙的第二预定参数预测所述萌出空腔420，使得所述萌出空腔420的内表面与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数设计为包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后的牙齿参数。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出预定参数包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向。其中，该尺寸、位置、形状和朝向可 以是基于患者CBCT所获得的未完全生长的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向，或者是基于一个或多个假牙库而获取的该未生长或未完全生长的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向，或者是基于大数据下统计的该未生长或未完全生长的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向。
在一些实施例中，所述第一预定参数包括所述近中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸；所述第二预定参数包括所述远中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。
在一些具体实施例中，所述第一预定参数包括近中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L1、近远中方向的最大尺寸D1和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H1。所述第二预定参数包括所述远中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L2、近远中方向的最大尺寸D2和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H2。在其中一种实施例中，如图11、图12所示，壳状牙齿矫治器400上设置的萌出空腔420为包裹第二前磨牙萌出，此时第一预定参数为第一前磨牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸；第二预定参数为第一磨牙颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。而基于第一预定参数和第二预定参数进行萌出空腔420的确定方法，可以通过L1与L2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行萌出空腔420颊舌径方向的尺寸的确定；通过D1与D2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行萌出空腔420近远中方向的尺寸的确定；通过H1与H2之间的算术平均、加权平均等方式进行萌出空腔420牙齿长轴方向的尺寸的确定。以实现在整个矫治计划中萌出空腔420能够最大程度的契合所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的尺寸和形状。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出空腔420包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。此种设置结构，使得患者佩戴壳状牙齿矫治器400后具有较光滑的包裹牙齿的壳体结构，口内异物感较小。
在一些实施例中，萌出空腔420还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述萌出空腔420的结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。本实施例的萌出空腔420的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出空腔420的咬合面，可以使萌出空腔420与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出空腔420的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
实施例5
一种壳状牙齿矫治器萌出空腔的预测方法，根据矫治计划设计使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且能够同时进行牙齿萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器500；其中一个壳状牙齿矫治器500包括容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构的矫治器本体510和至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出空腔520；萌出空腔520基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的远中方向邻牙和近中方向邻牙的第三预定参数预测，使得所述萌出空腔520的内表面与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数设计为包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后的牙齿参数。
在一些实施例中，第三预定参数包括：所述远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸，和所述近中方向邻牙牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。在一些具体实施例中，如图13、图14所示，壳状牙齿矫治器500上设置的萌出空腔520为包裹第二前磨牙萌出，此时第三预定参数为第一磨牙颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L3、近远中方向的最大尺寸D3和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H3，来确定第二前磨牙萌出空腔520的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸L3’、近远中方向的最大尺寸D3’和近中方向邻牙长轴方向高度的最大尺寸H3’。基于远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和近中方向邻牙牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸而设计的萌出空腔520，足够接纳所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，并且使得设计的萌出空腔520的尺寸略大于该一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿，以保证萌出空腔520与萌牙之间能够间隙设置。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出空腔520包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。此种设置结构，使得患者佩戴的壳状牙齿矫治器500具有较光滑的包裹牙齿的壳体结构，口内异物感较小。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出空腔520还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述萌出空腔520的结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。本实施例的萌出空腔520的咬合面可以设计为平面、曲面或与对颌牙齿进行凹凸匹配的结构，根据对颌牙齿设计萌出空腔520的咬合面，可以使萌出空腔520与对颌牙齿进行尖窝匹配，或使该萌出空腔520的咬合面与对颌牙齿进行咬合面的凹凸匹配。
在一些实施例中，所述萌出空腔520为圆柱体结构、椭圆柱体或侧棱数不少于四 的多棱柱体结构，可以根据缺牙的数量、类型进行设置，也可以根据相邻牙齿之间存在的萌出间隙进行适应性选择。
以上公开的仅为本申请优选实施例，优选实施例并没有详尽叙述所有的细节，应该理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本申请，而不用于限定本申请的保护范围，本申请仅受权利要求书及其全部范围和等效物的限制。
本说明书选取并具体描述这些实施例，是为了更好地解释本申请的原理和实际应用，从而使所属领域技术人员能很好地利用本申请。以上不同实施例中的技术特征在不发生相互冲突的前提下可以任意的结合，在实际应用中本领域技术人员根据本申请做出的改进和调整，仍属于本申请的保护范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种牙齿矫治系统，包括根据矫治计划使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且同时允许牙齿自然萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器；
    其中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器包括矫治器本体，所述矫治器本体包括用于容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构，所述矫治器本体上还设有至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出部；随着矫治计划的进行，每个所述壳状牙齿矫治器上的萌出部均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构，且所述萌出部的内表面与所述未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数包括一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后的牙齿参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述萌出预定参数包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述柱体结构的尺寸为所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的尺寸的1.02-1.05倍；所述柱体结构的朝向为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿长轴朝向呈0-5°的角度；所述柱体结构的位置为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的位置在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm；所述柱体结构的形状为与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数牙齿完全萌出之后牙齿的形状在空间三维坐标系中各个顶点坐标值的偏移量为0-1mm。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构是同时基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的近中方向邻牙的第一预定参数以及远中方向邻牙的第二预定参数设定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述第一预定参数包括所述近中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸；所述第二预定参数包括所述远中方向邻牙的：颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的 最大尺寸和牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构基于所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的远中方向邻牙和近中方向邻牙的第三预定参数设定。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述第三预定参数包括：所述远中方向邻牙的颊舌径方向的最大尺寸、近远中方向的最大尺寸，以及所述近中方向邻牙的牙齿长轴方向高度的最大尺寸。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构包括唇/颊侧面、舌侧面和咬合面，所述唇/颊侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的唇/颊侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述舌侧面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的舌侧面光滑过渡的曲面，所述咬合面为平面或与其所述近、远中方向邻牙的咬合面光滑过渡的曲面。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构还基于对颌与所述一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿对应的牙齿的尺寸、位置、形状和朝向设定，以使所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构不影响上下颌咬合关系设置。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构为圆柱体结构、椭圆柱体结构或侧棱数不少于四的多棱柱体结构。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的牙齿矫治系统，其中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器上除萌出部之外的几何结构使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置。
  16. 一种牙齿矫治系统的设计方法，其中，所述设计方法包括如下步骤：
    S1.数字化牙颌模型的获取：获取一数字化牙颌模型，所述数字化牙颌模型包括数字化牙齿模型及数字化牙龈模型；
    S2.数字化牙颌模型的切割和识别：将所述数字化牙颌模型分割为独立的数字化牙龈模型和单颗数字化牙冠模型；识别并标记表示未萌出或者未完全萌出的牙齿的数据；
    S3.矫治计划的虚拟设计：将所述单颗数字化牙冠模型进行虚拟设计，以使所述单颗数 字化牙冠模型由初始位置逐渐变化至目标矫治位置，得到一系列中间数字化牙颌模型；
    S4.牙齿矫治系统的设计：
    根据矫治计划设计使牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置且能够同时进行牙齿萌出的至少一个壳状牙齿矫治器，所述壳状牙齿矫治器包括矫治器本体，所述矫治器本体包括用于容纳上颌多颗牙齿或下颌多颗牙齿的几何结构，所述矫治器本体上还设有至少一个容纳一颗或多颗未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的萌出部；
    随着矫治计划的进行，每个所述壳状牙齿矫治器上的萌出部均具有恒定或基本恒定的柱体结构，且所述萌出部的内表面与未生长至萌出预定参数的牙齿的外表面均间隙设置；所述萌出预定参数设计为包括所述一颗或多颗未生长或未完全生长的牙齿完全萌出之后的牙齿参数。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的牙齿矫治系统的设计方法，其中，所述壳状牙齿矫治器上除萌出部之外的几何结构被设计为使除未萌出牙齿之外的牙齿从初始位置逐渐调整至目标矫治位置。
  18. 一种牙齿矫治系统的制备方法，其中，将根据权利要求16或17所述的设计方法得到的牙科矫正器系统中的壳状牙齿矫治器，采用热压膜成型或者采用增材制造的工艺制作，得到所述一系列壳状牙齿矫治器。
PCT/CN2021/118853 2020-12-31 2021-09-16 牙齿矫治系统及其设计方法和制备方法 WO2022142487A1 (zh)

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